• Aucun résultat trouvé

General circulation and intergyre dynamics in the eastern North Atlantic from a regional primitive equation model

N/A
N/A
Info
Télécharger
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "General circulation and intergyre dynamics in the eastern North Atlantic from a regional primitive equation model"

Copied!
30
0
0

Chargement.... (Voir le texte intégral maintenant)

Texte intégral

(1)General circulation and intergyre dynamics in the eastern North Atlantic from a regional primitive equation model Thierry Penduff, Alain Colin de Verdiere, Bernard Barnier. To cite this version: Thierry Penduff, Alain Colin de Verdiere, Bernard Barnier. General circulation and intergyre dynamics in the eastern North Atlantic from a regional primitive equation model. Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union, 2001, 106, pp.22313-22329. �hal-00645401�. HAL Id: hal-00645401 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00645401 Submitted on 28 Nov 2011. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

(2)  

(3)     ! "# %$'& #((*)')# + +,-)')# +.)0/#') $'$1'2 354768479;:=<?>A@!9;>ABC<D:FEG@!HI6J:=68KL@%6MEN4A9;OQPR9;4SK8PT68:=UV@D>WX@!6YE;Z84[4A:\W]EN4A9^6L_`HQ9NEGZ a. EG<D:=6EG@D>Sb09;HIU. :c9;4AOI@!HI68:=<ed89^@!Uf@EG@DgI4h4AiRB8:FE;@DHI6jUVHkKC47<. lnmGoqp.rsr!tvu xp wGyGzN{ |]}'~€x‚}0ƒ"x„ ‚†  ‡ †sˆA‰‹Š!'ŒŽ†!†%xƒˆ‘*!’† x(“”ˆ"„–•xŒ1†%ˆ—†DƒA˜™1‡Œ1ˆ-ƒ‚"„Ž†!–ˆ%#1‘F"†%'~Ž†'#š1‚}'1ŠD† ›Tœž žo w ŸM¡ œ ožw¢yNp*£=pxrsyGo‚p.¤ r%p |]}'~€x‚}0ƒ"x„ ‚† ‡†=¥‹“”ˆ"„–•xŒ1†F‡†sˆ ¦FŠ %’† }0€ˆ!#§A„Ž¨'†%‚ˆ"„ ƒ© ’† ‡†=ª—"†!ƒ‚}'«'†=¦FŠ!Š!„Ž‡†%.ƒ‚}0Ž†'#ª—‚†%ˆƒ%#š1‚}'1ŠD† ¬ pxrsw  r%y­¬  rswGoqp.r M |]}'~€x‚}0ƒ"x„ ‚† ‡†sˆA‰‹Š!'ŒŽ†!†%xƒˆ‘*!’† x(“”ˆ"„–•xŒ1†%ˆ—†DƒA˜™1‡Œ1ˆ-ƒ‚"„Ž†!–ˆ%#1‘F"†%'~Ž†'#š1‚}'1ŠD†. ®°¯ ±x²³´;µ¶² lnmGp¸·¹p  wvº.oqrsº.z œ»€¼ ož¡ w°¡€½ ¼ mGp*p ¶¾!¼ p.r%wÀ¿R¡ r ¼ m ›¼sœ» w ¼ ožºCo ¾ oqwÂÁ p ¾!¼ oqà €¼ pxyÄz ¾ ožwNà  r%p.à oq¡ w ¶œ ÅNÆ Ç È É ºx¡ ¾Ê-œ»€¼ o ¼ zNyGpËÌrsp ¾ ¡ œ z ¼ oq¡ w°ºx¡ wNÍ;à zNr €¼ ož¡ wv¡¶½ ¼ mGpÏÎNu=ÐQÑÓÒNrsož·?o ¼ oqÁ¶pTp.Ôz 1¼ ož¡¶w ¾ ožÃ ·  º.¡]¡ r%yGožw 1¼ p ·?¡

(4) yGp œ‚Õ ½-¡ rsºxp.y Öt ¾ p €¾ ¡ w €œ  wGyÄ·?¡ w ¼ m œ t ¾ zGr!½  º.p*×;z

(5) Ø

(6) p ¾ Æ lnmNp¸ºx¡ ·?ÒGz ¼1¼ ož¡¶w ¶œ yN¡ ·  ožw¢o ¾n¾ zGrsr%¡ zGwGyNp.y ÖÂt ¼ mNrsp.p ¾ p œ ½»Ì  y  Ò ¼ ožwGÃÙ¡ ÒÚpxwÄ֋¡ zGwNy  rsoqp ¾nÛ mGoqºmÄp'Á  º.z €¼ p ¼ mGp*¡ z ¼ à ¡ oqwGÃÜÒÚpxr ¼ zGrsÖ 1¼ ož¡¶w ¾k wGy œ»€¼ p.r ¶œžœ t º.¡¶w ¼ rs¡ œÝ¼ mGpCÖ  r%¡

(7) º œ oqwGožºÞ·¹¡]yGp ¾ oqwvožwN×;¡ Û rspxà ož¡ w ¾.Õ ÖGz ¼kœ p ¼n¼ mGp*·¹¡]yGp œÝ y1ß%z ¾%¼k¼ mGp*Ö  rs¡ ¼ rs¡ ÒGoqº8·?¡

(8) yGp ¼ ¡  œ» rsà p8p0Ø ¼ p.w ¼ Æ lnmGp*Í;w €œ¾ ¡ œ z ¼ oq¡ w¢o ¾n¾!¼ Ö œ p  wGy rspxÒGrs¡]yGzGºxp ¾ ·¹¡ ¾!¼ ½-p €¼ zGrsp ¾ ¡¶½ ¼ mGp*Ö ¶¾ ožwÝà ¾ ·¹p  w º.oqrsºxz œ»€¼ ož¡ w Û p œžœ‚á\› r%p ¶œ o ¾%¼ ožº ›Tâ ¡¶rsp ¾ ŸMzGr%rsp.w ¼.Õ^¼ mGp*¡ Ö ¾ p.r%Á¶p.yÄÒ €¼ m ¾Þ wGy ¼ r  w ¾ ҋ¡ r ¼s¾ ¡€½ ¾ zGÖGҋ¡ œ» r º.zNrsrspxw ¼¾.Õ ¡¶½ ¼ mNp¸ÖNr  wGºmNp ¾ ¡€½ ¼ mGp¸¿Þ¡ r ¼ m ›¼œž w ¼ ožº¸ŸMzNrsrspxw ¼Õ ¡¶½ ¼ mGp*ožw ¼ p.rsÀt

(9) r%p â ¡ wGp*·?¡

(10) y ¶œÝ wNy ožw ¼ p.rs·?p.yNo €¼ p ۝1¼ p.rR· ¶¾s¾ p ¾ yG¡ Û w ¼ ¡  ÖÚ¡ z ¼Þã Å Å Å · Æ › ½-p Û zNwGrsp ¶œ o ¾%¼ oqº8º.oqrsºxz œ»€¼ ož¡ w¹½-p €¼ zGrsp ¾.Õ €¼%¼ rsoqÖGz ¼ p.y ¼ ¡ ¼ mNp¸·?¡]yGp ¾!¼ r%p ¾ ¡ œ z ¼ ož¡ w  wGy ¼ ¡äº.p.r ¼ oqw œ ož·?o ¼€¼ oq¡ w ¾ ¡¶½ ¼ mGp ¾ ožÃ ·  º.¡]¡ rsyNožw €¼ p ¾xÕ^ rsp ½-¡ zGwNy Ö‹p œ ¡ Û`ã ŶŠŠ· Æ lnmNp¸ÖNzG¡t  wGº't  wGy¢Á ¡¶r ¼ oqº.o ¼ t°Ö ¶œž wGºxp ¾k r%pCožwÂÁ p ¾%¼ oqà €¼ p.yvožw ¼ mGp*ožw ¼ pxrsöt]rsp â ¡ wGp Æ lnmGpÙÎ

(11) zGÖGҋ¡ œž rkÑÄ¡]yGpCå 1¼ p.r Ê ÎNuQÑ å5Ë Õ;¾ zGÖÚyNzGº ¼ p.y €¼R r%p ¶œ o ¾%¼ ožº8r €¼ p Õ º.¡¶w ¼ ožwzGp ¾ o ¼¾n¾ ¡¶z ¼ m ÛM rsy ß%¡ zGr%wGpxt ¼ ¡ ۝ rsy ¼ mGp*¡]º.p  wÝà ¾ ožw ¼ p.rsoq¡ roqw  º.º.¡¶rsy  wNº.p Û o ¼ m ¼ mGpCÁ pxw ¼ o œž€¼ pxy ¼ mGp.r%·¹¡]º œ ožwGp ¼ mGp.¡¶r%t ÕGÛ o ¼ m p.yNyNtvyGo  Òt]ºxw ¶œ ×;z

(12) Ø

(13) p ¾ p0ØNpxr ¼ ožwGà  ·¹¡]yGp.r €¼ oqwGÃæp'{—pxº ¼ Æ lnmGp*ҋ¡ œ p ۝ r%yÄ·?¡ ¼ ož¡ w°¡€½ ¼ mGpÏÑÄp.yGo ¼ pxrsr  wGp  w å €¼ pxr Ê Ñ å5Ëo ¾ r%p.ÒGr%¡

(14) yGzNº.p.y Û p œžœ wN¡ r ¼ mÄ¡¶½ çè È ¿  wGyvà ¡Á p.r%wGp.yÄÖÂt ¾ ož·?o œž rQyNt]w  ·?ožº ¾xÕ ÖGz ¼ o ¾Þ Ö ¾ pxw ¼ ¾ ¡¶z ¼ m ¡¶½ çè È ¿ Æ lnmGp ¾ ¡ z ¼ m ۝ r%y­·?¡ ¼ oq¡ w¢¡¶½Fé  ÖGr  yG¡ rRÎ

(15) p  å €¼ pxr Ê é7Î]å5ËMo ¾ ·  ožw œ t?yGrsoÁ pxwÄÖÂt yGo  ÒÂt

(16) ºxw ¶œ ×;z]ØNp ¾ oqwGyGzGºxp.y ÖÂt¢Á p.r ¼ oqº ¶œ yGo{—z ¾ ož¡¶w Õ

(17) Û mGoqºmÄp0Ø

(18) p.r ¼ Á pxr ¼ ožº €œ¾%¼ r%p ¼ ºmGožwGÃ Æ lnmNo ¾ p'Ø

(19) Ò œž w €¼ ož¡ w º.¡¶w ¼ r ¶¾!¼¾kÛ o ¼ m  r%p.º.pxw ¼T¾!¼ zGyNt Û mNp.rsp ¾€œq¼ Í;wGöp.rsoqwGà ۝€¾R¾ mG¡ Û w ¼ ¡?yNrsoqÁ¶p ä¾ ož·?o œž ré7Î]å º.ožr%º.z œž€¼ oq¡ w Æ.

(20) ) ê;ëíì.î ²³1ïÝð ñ7µ¶²ò-ï î óݓ†n†%}'ÙŠ!„ ŠDŒ1Ž}0ƒ"„Ž'æ}01‡æ‡”1}'M„–Š!ˆ©'ôڃ‚“†kõAxƒ‚“ ö ƒ"–}0.ƒ‚„ŽŠæ¦FŠD†%}'v}0‚†*~¶†Dƒƒ‚†!8÷ø¢ø—†%ˆƒÞ0ô\ƒ‚“†Ïù*„Ž‡, ö ƒ"–}0.ƒ‚„ŽŠCú„–‡«x†äûù ö ú7üMƒ"“€}0°†%}xˆ-ƒn0ô©„ ƒ 2 óݓ1„Žˆkˆ"„ ƒ"Œ1}0, ƒ"„Ž'¸“1}'ˆ7“„Žˆƒ"x"„–Š!}']x"„Ž«'„Ž1ˆ~ŒƒFˆƒ"„Ž N(€†%‚ˆ"„–ˆ-ƒˆ!#¶(‚'~1}'~ ” ~¶†%Š!}'Œ1ˆ"†Rƒ‚“†8Š!†%}'¹‡”1}'M„–Š!ˆ‡„ ý †!~€†!ƒ-øچ%†!¹ƒ"“†Tƒ-ø— ~1}xˆ„Ž1ˆ 2 ˜™*ƒ"“†Iøچsˆ-ƒ‚†!‚T~€}'ˆ"„ #€ƒ"“1†=†%}0*þ1øĄ–ˆ7‡'„ÿ, 1}0ƒ"†%‡M~”\ƒ‚“†7‘FŒ  ô ƒ"‚†%}0 † ƒ"†%1ˆ„Ž']#'}©(€†%"n}'†!.ƒ%#'„ , ƒ"†%1ˆ"†©}'1‡Þƒ"“„ŽÜû}'~€xŒƒ %$'$ ÷M,žø„–‡†s ü -†!ƒƒ"“1}0ƒA"†%}'„ €ˆ ŠDx  1†s‡kø„ ƒ"“„ŽÞ}I}ƒ"“1†!‹Ž„ŽM„ ƒ"†s‡Þ}'"†s}kû}'~€xŒƒ7 ) ,žø„–‡†'#. D ÿ

(21)  /x/  ü 2 ‰‹}xˆ-ƒG0 ô  [ƒ‚“†Ý} -';ŠDŒ1"‚†!.ƒûõAxƒ‚“ ö ƒ"–}0.ƒ‚„Ž Š ڌ1"‚†!.ƒ%#õ ö Ýü^„Žˆ‹øچs}0÷x†!‹}'1‡nˆ(1 „ ƒ‚ˆÚ„ .ƒ‚Qˆ†%¨., †!}0 ~}0€Š“†%ˆ—ø“.ˆ†©ŒQ~¶†!s#„Žxƒ‚†!1ˆ"„ ƒ-”'#ó—, ވƒ"‚Œ1ŠDƒ"Œ‚† }0€‡\(1}ƒ‚“I}'"†—ˆŒ ~ -†%ŠƒNƒ" „ .ƒ‚†!1ˆ"†Ú„Ž.ƒ"†%‚}'Œ1}0x¨}'"„–}0~1„ Ž„ÿƒ-” €¸ © 0  /'/x) ž2 ¦7ƒ"“†%=n} -x©ô †%}ƒ‚Œ‚†%ˆ='ôڃ‚“†k†%}' ŠD„ŽŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ xv„  ƒ"“†Ù†%}xˆ-ƒ‚†!‚v~1}xˆ„Ž# ˆ"Œ1Š“­}'ˆRƒ"“†Ùø—}'" øÝ}ƒ"†%‹† (¶'"ƒ‹ƒ‚ø—}'‚‡Mƒ‚“†©õA'‚ø—†!«'„–}0 †s! } #"Ý% $% &n ‹ '  /x/'/ #—„ÿƒˆn‚†Dƒ"Œ1"eþ1øX}0~¶¨'†8ƒ‚“†Ï‘F‚†!†!1Ž}'1‡,»˜-ŠD†!–}0€‡, Š!0ƒ"–}0€‡ ˆ"„ ŽŽ( ˆ *)7 x   /',/ + #A'Tƒ‚“†ÙŠ!Œ‚"†%xƒ8‚†!«'„Ž† ~¶†Dƒ-ø—†!†!Ïƒ"“1†kˆŒ~1(€xŽ}'©}'1‡¸ƒ"“†kˆ"Œ~ƒ‚"x(„ŽŠ%}0G«'”‚†%ˆ .¶/  ,/ + + }'"†T „Ž÷x†%‡¹ø„ÿƒ‚“?ƒ‚“†Cõ ö  }01‡¹}0–ˆÙ† “„Ž~„ ƒn}' „ŽM(¶'"ƒ‚}'.ƒÝ„Ž.ƒ"†%‚}'Œ1}0Â¨}0‚„–}0~„Ž „ ƒ-” 2 ¥^‚†%ˆ"†!.ƒ\†%ˆƒ"„Žn}ƒ‚†%ˆ\'ô—ƒ‚“†k–}0‚«'†!,»ˆ‚Š!}' †ŠD„Ž‚Š!Œ–}ƒ"„Ž'æ„Ž ƒ"“1†k~1}'ˆ"„Žä}0‚†Iƒ‚“Œ1ˆ=‚†%ˆƒ"‚„ŽŠDƒ"†s‡¸ƒ‚*«'„Ž¨'†%æ(€†%"„Ž‡ˆ!#G}0‚†%}xˆ '‹„ †!ˆ„Ž'€ˆ 0Nóݓ†7†s}0‚ ”=†%„ «x“.ƒ"„Ž†%1 ˆ €/  / +,+23 "1 C  '  / +x / 2€= 

(22) .  /'/. ) 2ÂA  Q 5  416—" $% 7 /x/'+ #sƒ"“1† –}ƒ"†Fø„Žxƒ‚†!Ý„ŽRƒ‚“†©†!„Ž«'“.ƒ"„Ž†%8 ˆ *6    9  4;:*!"!D<  /'>/ = û 10ƒ"†s‡Ï¥Úù*>/ =nƒ"“1†!‚†%}ô ƒ‚†!ü#ƒ‚“†n†s}0",»ˆ"Œ"ô}'ŠD†I†%}0æŠD„Ž", ŠDŒ1Ž}0ƒ"„Ž'\‡Œ‚„ 1«Ýƒ"“†^†%„ «x“.ƒ"„Ž†%? ˆ *)   @ ABA.%  /'>/  x ƒ"“†^†s}0‚ ” „Ž†Dƒ‚„ †s ˆ #"C#™ 5  4-$ 0 3D&x!   /'/ & ž2   EMF FGQ 5  4H:* I J % ž¶!K  /x/'+ (‚'(¶xˆ"†%‡*}Tˆ”.ƒ"“1†%ˆ"„ŽˆF0ôڐ.Œ1M†%"xŒ1ˆ  ', Š!}'Â†%}'ˆ"Œ‚†!†!.ƒˆ}01‡8ˆ‚Š“†!†%ˆÝ'ô]ƒ‚“†QõAxƒ‚“ ö ƒ‚Ž}'.ƒ"„–Š †%}'MŠ!„ ŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ x#0~Œƒ^(€x„ .ƒ"†s‡QxŒƒGƒ"“1}0M ƒ L-ƒ‚“†!‚†—}'"†ˆƒ"„Ž  ˆ"„ «x„ ¶Š!}0.ƒ«.}0(1ˆÂ„Ž\'Œ1÷ø †s‡«'†;' ô ƒ‚“„Žˆ Š!„ ŠDŒ1Ž}0ƒ"„Ž'  N 2 ö x«A}¨}0„ŽŽ}'~ †G„Ž\ˆ„ ƒ"Œ\†%}xˆŒ1"†%M†%.ƒ‚ˆ%#!“”‡"x«'}0(“1„ŽŠ ‡}0ƒ‚}}0‚†G(‚'~1}'~ ”7ƒ"“†‹M.ˆ-ƒ]}'~Œ1‡1}0.ƒ†%}xˆ-ƒ'ô.ƒ‚“†‹ù ö ú }0€‡äŠDx1ˆ-ƒ‚„ÿƒ‚Œƒ"†T}0Ü„Ž.ƒ"†!‚†%ˆƒ"„Ž«¸ˆƒ‚}'ƒ‚„ 1«*(€x„ .ƒIƒ"¸†%¨}0 , Œ1}0ƒ"†Cƒ‚“†¸†%}'vŠD„Ž‚Š!Œ–}ƒ"„Ž' P 2 O ø—†!¨'†%%#—“”‡"x«'}0(“”., ~1}xˆ†s‡k‡„Ž"†sŠƒÚ†sˆ-ƒ‚„ n}0ƒ"†%ˆÚ0ôƒ‚‚}'1ˆ"(€xƒˆ‹}'Š!".ˆ"ˆ^„ 1‡„ ¨„–‡Œ1}0 ˆ"†%Šƒ‚„ x1ˆAn}”ސ0ƒ©}'Š!Š!Œ}ƒ"†% ”ށ"†%(‚†%ˆ"†!.ƒƒ"“†M‡”1}0„–Š!}' „ŽM(€}'Šƒ\'ô^ƒ"x(€x«'}0(“”T'Ïƒ"“†MŽ}'"«x†D,™ˆ"Š%}0Ž†\þ1ø\#ˆ"“ø ƒ"¸~€†RŠ!"Œ€ŠD„–}0‹}0ƒ=ƒ"“†sˆ†n–}ƒ‚„ÿƒ‚Œ1‡†s! ˆ RQÞ1D¹ 9  4T7s EHI EM‚  / +,23 " 0­ M '  / +'/ #—~¶†%Š!}'Œ1ˆ"†*}æ †%¨'†!70ô ä'ƒ"„Ž'°“1}'ˆnƒ"ä~¶†¸Š“.ˆ†% 2 óݓ1„ŽˆÞŠ“'„–ŠD†C„–ˆk(1}'ƒ‚ ” }0‚~„ ƒ"}0‚”'#.“1}'ˆÝ}Mˆ„Ž«'1„ €Š%}0.ƒÝ„ (1}xŠƒ'Rƒ"“†Fƒ"'ƒ‚}'€ƒ‚‚}'1ˆ, (¶'"S ƒ 6 0  n 09  4T:¸D"!!<  /x>/ = #Ý}01‡°Š!†!"ƒ‚}0„ŽŽ”?‡„–ˆ-, ƒ"xƒˆÚƒ"“†©ƒ‚'(¶'«'}0(1“„ŽŠ7†Dý †%ŠDƒ 2 ˜™C}'‡‡„ÿƒ‚„ xRƒ‚Qƒ‚“†\„ .ƒ‚†!", }01.Œ€}0‹¨}'"„–}0~„ŽŽ„ÿƒ-”x#

(23) ƒ‚“„–ˆQ† (1Ž}'„ 1ˆQø“”Ù«x†!.ˆ-ƒ‚"x(“„–Š†%ˆ, ƒ"„Žn}ƒ‚†%ˆ 0ôGƒ"“†õ ö  ƒ‚‚}'1ˆ"(€xƒ7}'~€¨x†\ƒ"“†Mù ö ú ŠD¨'†% }Þø„Ž‡†M}0«x†Þûˆ"†!†óN}0~Ž†)R„ŽU  ¶8  V /'/.) ü 2 õAxƒ‚“. 0ô7}'~€xŒH ƒ  $ !õ=#N«'†!.ˆ-ƒ‚"x(“„–Š†%ˆƒ"„Žn}ƒ"†sˆQ'ôƒ"“†TŠDŒ‚‚†!.ƒ ƒ"}0€ˆ(¶'"ƒ‚ˆÝˆ"“'Œ–‡Þƒ"“Œ1ˆÝ~¶†\„ .ƒ‚†!‚("†!ƒ"†s‡Rø„ ƒ"“*Š%}0Œƒ‚„ x 2 ¦ †nn}”Ï}'Žˆ"*‡†s‡Œ1ŠD†kƒ"“†k†s}0Ùþ1ø „ æƒ‚“†k~1}xˆ„Ž ô ‚' }Rˆ"†Dƒ©0ô‹‡”1}'„ŽŠ%}0N†%•.Œ1}ƒ‚„ x1ˆ7}'1‡¸}Þó—W, *}0Œ1}' ŠDŽ„Ž}0ƒ"x x«'”Q~€}'ˆ"†%‡'kˆ"†!¨x†!}0‡†sŠ!}x‡†%ˆ‹0ô“”‡"x«'}0(“„–Š ‡}0ƒ‚} 2 ö †%}'¹¨x†!ŽŠ!„ÿƒ-T ” 1†!–‡?‚†!(1"†sˆ†%xƒ}ƒ‚„ ¨x†Þ'ô7ƒ"“1†%ˆ"† ‡†sŠ!}'‡†%ˆ }”C~¶†ŠD'(Œƒ"†%‡¸ô ‚'íˆ"Œ1Š“¸}Tˆ-ƒ‚‚}0ƒ"„ €Š!}0ƒ"„Ž' ~”¸}0Ù„Ž.¨x†!ˆ†I‡†!Aû}xˆ©ø—}xˆ©‡'†Mô x\'†M(1}0"ƒ"„–ŠDŒ1Ž}' ˆ"†%}'ˆ"'M~”I¥Úù*>/ ='ü#'~1Œƒ^ƒ"“1†A(€.ˆ"ˆ"„Ž~ ††s}0kŠDx.ƒ"‚„ ~Œƒ"„Ž' 0ôڃ"“†nø„Ž1‡,7}'1‡Ù~Œ”.}01Š!”x,™‡‚„ ¨x†!C¨}0‚„–}0~„Ž „ ƒ-”¸Š%}0'ƒ ~¶†8}x‡‡‚†%ˆ‚ˆ†s‡ 2 ¦ Œn}0((1".}'Š“Ü„–ˆQƒ‚τŽ„ ƒ"„–}0Ž„ X%†C}¸(‚'«', .ˆ-ƒ‚„ŽŠÏ',ž†s‡‡”.,ž‚†%ˆ"'Ž¨„ 1«ä(‚„ „ ƒ"„Ž¨'†Ù†%•.Œ1}ƒ‚„ x ‡†! 0ô7ƒ"“†T~1}'ˆ"„Ž?ø„ ƒ"“¹}ϊDŽ„ n}0ƒ"'Ž'«x„ŽŠ%}0—ó—W, ?ˆ-ƒ‚‚}0ƒ"„ €Š!}0ƒ"„Ž' ‚†!(‚†%ˆ"†!.ƒ‚}0ƒ"„Ž¨'† 0ôN}M«x„ ¨x†!8ˆ†s}'ˆ"'#}0€‡kƒ‚M„Ž.ƒ"†%«'}ƒ"† ƒ"“1† ‡†!¶ø„ÿƒ‚“Þ}Q"†s}0Ž„Žˆƒ"„–ŠAˆ"†%}'ˆ"'€}0ô x‚Š!„ «QŒ.ƒ"„Ž ˆƒ‚}'~„Ž '„ X%}0, ƒ"„Ž' 2 óݓS † €1}0©†%}' ˆ-ƒ‚‚}0ƒ"„ €Š!}0ƒ"„Ž' }'1‡ Š!„ ŠDŒ1Ž}0ƒ"„Ž' }0‚†kƒ‚“Œ1ˆI}x/‡ -Œ1ˆƒ"†s‡äQŒƒ"Œ1}' Ž”ä}01‡Üƒ"*ƒ‚“†8ˆŒ"ô}'Š!†kô x‚ŠD, „Ž«1#}'1‡*† (1 „–ŠD„ ƒ"Ž”C„ .ƒ‚†!«'}ƒ‚†=ƒ‚“†Š!†%}'¸¨}0‚„Ž}'~„Ž „ ƒ-”8Œ( ƒ"ވ†s}'ˆ"'1}' ƒ"„ŽM†sˆ"Š%}0Ž†%ˆ 2 ¥^‚¨.„–‡†s‡Rƒ‚“1}ƒ7ƒ"“†IM‡†%

(24) }'1‡ „ ƒ‚ˆ=ˆ"Œ"ô}'ŠD†Mô x‚Š!„ «.ˆ©}0‚†M‚†!Ž„–}0~Ž†'#]}'1‡Ïƒ"“1}0ƒ\ƒ"“†kˆ"(„ŽŒ( Ž†%}'‡1ˆAƒ‚Þ}n‚†%}' „–ˆ-ƒ‚„ŽŠI}01‡¸ˆ-ƒ}0~Ž†Qˆ"'ŽŒƒ"„Ž'#¶ƒ‚“„Žˆ (‚'«xxˆ, ƒ"„–Š©}0((1".}'Š“n“†% (1ˆ—ƒ‚MŠ!'(Ž†Dƒ‚† „ŽTˆ"„ ƒ"ŒT'—„ ¨'†%‚ˆ"†7†sˆ-ƒ‚„ÿ, n}ƒ‚†%ˆ©0ô—ƒ"“1†nM†s}0ÜŠD„ŽŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ x 2 óݓ„Žˆ=„Žˆ©ƒ‚“; † 1ˆ-ƒ=}'„  0ôNƒ"“1†\("†sˆ†%.ƒÝˆƒ"Œ1‡” 2 ¦ ŒÝˆ†sŠDx1‡n«'.}0€„Žˆ‹ƒ"M„ ¨x†%ˆƒ"„Ž«x}ƒ‚†ƒ"“1† x"„Ž«'„Žk0ô]ˆ"Œ~, ˆ"Œô}xŠD†MŠDŒ‚"†%.ƒ‚ˆ „ Ïƒ"“†ˆ"0,™Š!}0ŽŽ†%‡C„Ž.ƒ"†!‚«'”‚†Q‚†!«x„ x#  ', Š!}0ƒ"†s‡©~€†!ƒ-øچ%†!©ƒ"“1†‹õ ö Ï}0€‡Fƒ"“† ö X!x"†sY ˆ ڌ‚"†%xƒ‹û ö Ýü 2 óݓ†^¨x†!.ƒ"„Ž–}ƒ"†s‡Fƒ"“†%"ŠDŽ„Ž†^ƒ‚“†!x"” Z; »!k ] 0*  / +'+ (‚¨„Ž‡†sˆ}0°† (–}01}0ƒ"„Ž'¹0ôFƒ"“†CøÝ}”ä„Ž¹ø“„–Š“°Ž}”x†!ˆ Ž”.„Ž«*~¶†!Žø }C‡„Ž"†sŠƒ"Ž”Ùø„ 1‡,»‡‚„Ž¨'†!äˆ"Œ"ô}'Š!†nŽ}”x†!=Š!}' ~¶†n(Œƒ\„ .ƒ‚T'ƒ"„Ž'  0©˜™Ù"†%«'„Ž'1ˆF0ô݇øø—}'‚‡¸‰^÷n}0 (Œ(„Ž«€#7þ1Œ1„Ž‡­ŠDx Œ1ˆ8Š%}0 ~¶†ÜˆŒ1~¶‡Œ€Šƒ"†s‡ ~¶†!1†%}ƒ‚“ ƒ"“1†ˆ"Œ"ô}'Š!†I–}”'†%F}'1‡ÏŠ!'.ƒ"„ŽŒ†Iƒ"“†%„ =ˆ"'Œƒ‚“ø—}'‚; ‡ -xŒ", †%”*ŠD'€ˆ†%"¨„Ž«nƒ"“1†!„Ž Žø (€'ƒ"†%xƒ‚„Ž}'G¨''"ƒ"„–ŠD„ ƒ-”8}'Š!•.Œ„Ž‚†%‡ }ƒN'ŒƒŠD‚'(\Ž„ 1†%ˆ 2 ö I„ (¶'"ƒ‚}'xƒ

(25) "†sˆŒ ƒ

(26) 'ôƒ"“„–ˆN}'‡„–}0~1}0ƒ"„–Š Š!}'ŽŠ!Œ–}ƒ"„Ž'Iø—}xˆƒ‚“†}0((¶†%}'‚}'1ŠD†Ú0ô ˆ“1}x‡[ ø X!x†%ˆG}' x« †%}xˆ-ƒ‚†!‚R~¶'Œ€‡}0‚„ †sˆ!#ø“„–Š“RŠ%ŠDŒ‡Œ†Fƒ‚Qƒ‚“†\ˆ-ƒ‚"„–ŠƒA}'‡, “†%"†%1ŠD†nƒ‚Cƒ"“1†ÞŠDx1‡„ ƒ"„Ž'1ˆQ0ôA(¶0ƒ‚†!.ƒ"„–}0—¨'xƒ‚„ŽŠ!„ÿƒ-”ÙŠD', ˆ"†!‚¨}0ƒ"„Ž'k}'1‡ X%†!‚='‚n}0¶«'†%xˆƒ"‚'(“„–Š¨x†!ŽŠ!„ÿƒ-”}ƒ—ƒ"“1† †%}xˆ-ƒ‚†!‚C~€xŒ1‡}'"” 2 ö 0ƒ‚“†!Fø—}”T0ô^(1Œƒƒ‚„ «8‡†%†!(*–}”., †!ˆ„Ž*0ƒ‚„ xC„ŽˆAƒ"“‚'Œ«x“8„ .ƒ"†%"€}0Âƒ‚Œ"~1Œ †%.ƒF‡„ ý¶Œ€ˆ„Ž' 2 ZG ™!¢ 09 4\9» EHEnD] / + & ‡†sˆ"Š!"„Ž~¶†TŠ%}'ˆ"†Þˆƒ"Œ1‡„Ž†%ˆM„Ž ø“„–Š“eˆ"'ŽŒƒ‚„ x1ˆn}0((1"x("„–}ƒ‚†Rƒ‚ك"“†*ˆ"Œ~ƒ‚"x(„ŽŠ%}0Ý«'”‚† “†s}ƒ"„Ž«€#Gˆ"Œ~(¶'–}0Q«'”"†ÞŠD'Ž„ 1«1#G}01‡æø„Ž1‡äˆƒ"‚†%ˆ‚ˆ=‡„–ˆ-, ƒ"‚„Ž~Œƒ"„Ž'€ˆ\}0‚†Mx~ƒ‚}'„ 1†%‡¸ƒ"“‚'Œ«x( “ ¨'†!‡‚Œ(χ”.€}0„ŽŠ%ˆ 2 ö  ƒ"“1'Œ«x“¸ƒ‚“†kˆŒ1ô}xŠD†ˆ-ƒ‚"†sˆ"ˆ\‡„–ˆƒ"‚„ ~Œƒ"„Ž'æŠ!}0Ù~¶†kŠD', ˆ"„Ž‡†%"†s‡R}xˆ‹«x„ ¨x†!#„ ƒ—„–ˆÝ}0'ƒ"“†%—n}0ƒƒ"†%—ô 'Úƒ"“†©“†s}ƒ"„Ž«', ŠDx „Ž« ‡„Žˆƒ"‚„ ~1Œƒ"„Ž'1ˆ

(27) ƒ‚“1}ƒ;}0‚†ÚŠ! .ˆ†% ”©„Žxƒ‚†!‚"†%Ž}0ƒ"†s‡\ø„ÿƒ‚“ ƒ"“1†Ž}'"«x†D,™ˆ"Š%}0Ž†—}x‡¨'†sŠƒ"„Ž'H  1†%Ž‡M'1†—ø„–ˆ"“†%ˆGƒ‚=Š!}'ŽŠ!ŒŽ}0ƒ"† 2 ö e}0 ƒ"†%"1}0ƒ"„Ž¨'†ƒ‚*ƒ"“1†T}'"~„ ƒ"}0‚”χ„Žˆƒ"‚„ ~1Œƒ"„Ž'ä'ôƒ"“†%„  ŠD‚xˆ‚ˆ,ž„–ˆx(”Š!1}01þ1Œ R„–ˆ—ƒ"(  L"'~1ˆ"†!‚¨'B† N©ƒ"“†©Ž„ 1÷ˆÝ~¶†Dƒ-ø—†!†%.

(28) + ƒ"“1†Þ–}0‚«'†!,»ˆ‚Š!}' †nŠD„ŽŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ x?}01‡Üƒ"“†Rƒ"Œ‚~ŒŽ†!.ƒMô 'ŠD„Ž« 1†%Ž‡ˆR„ v}ä.Œ1M†%"„–Š!}'A‡†!ž#A}01‡eƒ‚䄎xƒ‚†!‚(‚†Dƒnƒ"“1xˆ"† Ž„ ÷ˆG}ƒGƒ‚“†Ý †%¨'†!.0^ ô ¨'†%‚‡"Œ(I‡”1}0„–Š!ˆ 2 š1'Nƒ"“„–ˆ

(29) ƒ"©~¶† }Qô "Œ„ ƒô Œ1Â† †!ŠD„–ˆ†x#'ƒ‚“†FM‡†%Âˆx Œƒ‚„ xÞˆ"“'Œ1Ž‡n~¶†\ŠDŽxˆ"† ƒ"ރ"“1†M‚†%}';ŠD„Ž‚Š!ŒŽ}0ƒ"„Ž'¸ˆ"ރ"“1}0ƒFƒ‚“†MM'ƒ"„Ž'1ˆF'ôÚ÷ø øÝ}ƒ"†%n}'ˆ‚ˆ†sˆŠ!}0T~¶†Q}'ˆ‚ˆŠ!„Ž}0ƒ"†%‡Þø„ ƒ"“C‡„ ý¶†%"†%xƒ7Š!'.ƒ"‚„ , ~Œƒ‚„ x1ˆ

(30) ƒ" ƒ"“†ˆƒ"‚†DƒŠ“„ 1«Aƒ"†%" „ŽIƒ"“†—(–}0†!ƒ‚}0‚”\¨'xƒ‚„ŽŠD, „ ƒ-”k†%•.Œ1}0ƒ"„Ž' 2 ¦ 1Š!† xŒÝ†%}'ˆƒ"†%"TõAxƒ‚“ ö ƒ‚Ž}'xƒ‚„ŽŠF‡†! (‚‡Œ1ŠD†sˆ—"†s}0Ž„Žˆƒ"„–ŠAþ€ø }ƒ"†sˆÚô '—ƒ"“†©øÝ}ƒ‚†!Ýn}'ˆ‚ˆ†sˆ!#ø—† ˆ"“1}0Ž„ ¨x†%ˆƒ"„Ž«x}ƒ‚†Þ“1ø ƒ"“†8ƒ‚“‚†!†8n} -'øÝ}ƒ‚†!n}'ˆ‚ˆ†sˆ 0ôƒ‚“†T~1}'ˆ"„ Ä#û Œ~1(€xŽ}'MùC‡K † Ù}0ƒ"†%%#^ùC†s‡„ ƒ"†!‚}0†s}0 æ}ƒ"†%A}01‡8|

(31) }0~}'‡xC  †%} Ù}0ƒ"†%üÝ}'"†©ˆ†!ƒA„ 80ƒ‚„ x 2 ó

(32) =‡}ƒ‚†'#0ƒ‚“†‚†%ˆ"Œÿƒˆ;0ôˆ"†!¨'†%‚}'õAxƒ‚“ ö ƒ‚Ž}'.ƒ"„–ŠÝM‡, †!–ˆ;“1}¨x†Ý~€†%†!n(Œ~1 „–ˆ“1†%‡n}0€‡M}=.Œ1Q~¶†!^'ô Š!'(1}0‚„–ˆx1ˆ n}'‡T †   # 5  4\)_@ 1  A /x/ 21`ba9c38:[" Ý"s9   /x>/ = ž2 óݓ†sˆ†äŠ!'(1}'"„–ˆx1ˆT"†%¨'†s}0=ˆ"„ «x„ ¶Š!}0.ƒ*‡„ ý¶†%, †!€ŠD†%ˆI}01‡?‡„Žˆ‚ŠD‚†!(€}01Š!„ †sˆ=†%}xˆ-ƒI0ôƒ"“1†Þù ö úíû‡„–ˆƒ"'"ƒ"†s‡ }0€‡vø—†%}0÷võ ö  #A}0~1ˆ"†!€ŠD†¸'ôQƒ‚“† ö Ýü#†!¨x†!­}ƒ8“„ «x“ ‚†%ˆ"'ŽŒƒ"„Ž' 2 óݓ†%ˆ"†Tøچs}0÷†%ˆ‚ˆ"†%ˆMn}”Ü~€†8Ž„ ÷x†%‡?ƒ"ك"“1† „Ž1}0~„ŽŽ„ÿƒ-”k'ô

(33) xˆƒ~1}'ˆ"„Ž,»ˆ‚Š!}' †F‡†!–ˆ—ƒ"‚†!(‚‡Œ1ŠD† ƒ"“1† ‘FŒ ^ ô ƒ"‚†%}0 ˆ"†!(€}0}ƒ"„Ž'I(‚Š!†%ˆ‚ˆ](1"x(€†%"Ž” 2 ¦ ŒGŒ†!", „–Š!}0^‡'n}0„ŽÏøÝ}'ˆFƒ‚“Œ1ˆ\‚†%ˆƒ"‚„ŽŠDƒ"†%‡*ƒ"8ƒ‚“†n†%}xˆ-ƒ‚†!‚¸~1}xˆ„Ž ƒ"“1"xŒ«'“?ƒ"“†8Œ1ˆ"†80! ô L‚ˆ†%ÿô ,™}'‡}'(ƒ"„Ž>« N*'(¶†!e~¶'Œ1‡1}0‚„ †sˆ *6D5 4 d  M 0 =) $'$x$ û0ƒ‚†%‡¢¥ $x$ “†!‚†%}0ô ƒ"†!ü#Ý(1}'ƒ‚ ” ŠDx.ƒ"‚'Ž †s‡k~”R‚†%Š!†!.ƒAŠDŽ„ n}ƒ‚'Ž'«x„ŽŠ%}0 ó—W, !1†%Ž‡ˆ 2 óݓ†=(€}0(¶†!7„–ˆF‡„ ¨„–‡†%‡8„Ž.ƒ"Tˆ†%¨'†!}0ˆ"†%ŠDƒ"„Ž'1ˆ 2 ˜™¸ˆ"†%ŠD, ƒ"„Ž'R)#'ø—†A~‚„ †!þ1”Iˆ"Œn}0‚„ X%†Ýƒ"“† ‡†!€Š!'  €«'Œ}ƒ‚„ x 2 ˜™¹ˆ"†%ŠDƒ"„Ž'ä+1#Gƒ"“K † 11}'Ú†%}'¹Š!„ ŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ xÜ„ŽˆM‡†sˆ"Š!"„Ž~€†s‡ }0€‡¸ŠDx(1}0‚†%‡¸ø„ÿƒ‚“Ù}¨}0„Ž–}0~Ž†Q†sˆ-ƒ‚„ n}ƒ‚†%ˆ 2 óݓ†„Ž(1}'ŠDƒ 0ô©„Žxƒ‚†!‚1}0 ‡„ÿý Œ1ˆ"„ ¨x†C(‚Š!†%ˆ‚ˆ†sˆM'eƒ"“†¸M'ƒ"„Ž'°0ôFƒ"“1† øÝ}ƒ"†% n}xˆ"ˆ"†%ˆ „ ¸ƒ"“†M„Žxƒ‚†!‚«'”‚M † X!x†Q„–ˆF„ ¨'†sˆ-ƒ‚„ «.}ƒ‚†%‡C„Ž ˆ"†%Šƒ‚„ xK   2 ¦ Œ‚†%ˆ"Œÿƒˆ}0‚†Fˆ"Œn}0‚„ X%†%‡Þ„ Cˆ"†%ŠDƒ"„Ž'b   2. eÝëgf. ïÝð1hi!jÏï îlkm ñ7³´N²òï î. óݓ†Ú("†sˆ†%.ƒNˆƒ"Œ1‡”\„–ˆNŠD'€‡Œ1Šƒ‚†%‡QŒ1ˆ„Ž«7ƒ"“†D¥‹‰ÚùS 2Ž (‚„ „ ƒ"„Ž¨'†*†s•.Œ1}ƒ‚„ xe‡†% }ƒR}恂†%ˆ"'ŽŒƒ‚„ xe'ô $n +  „Ž Ž'«x„ÿƒ‚Œ1‡†Þ}'1‡  $ n +>o ŠD.ˆ%qû p ü=„Žä–}ƒ"„ ƒ"Œ€‡†rp 2 óݓ†RŽ„ŽI, „ ƒ‚ˆ\'ôڃ‚“†kˆ-ƒ‚Œ1‡”Ù}0‚†%}8}0‚

(34) † -Œ1ˆ-ƒ‚„ €†%‡Ù„ ä¥ $'$ }01‡æˆ"“ø „Žvš

(35) „Ž«'Œ1"† x2 ¥‹‰‹ù Œ1ˆ"†%ˆÞˆ„Ž«'n}܊!.x‚‡„ 1}0ƒ"†sˆ'°ƒ"“1† ¨'†%ƒ‚„ŽŠ%}0ž#xø“1„ŽŠ“T}0Ž øv}QMx"† 1}ƒ‚Œ}0€ƒ"‚†%}ƒ‚†!.ƒ—'ôƒ"“1† ~¶0ƒƒ‚' ƒ"x(€x«'}0(“”=ŠDx1‡„ ƒ"„Ž' 2 óݓ†A(¶xˆ‚ˆ"„ ~Ž†Ýƒ"†%1‡†%1ŠD” 0ô¶«'†%'(¶0ƒ"†%.ƒ"„–}0ŠD'‡„Ž1}ƒ‚†Ú‡†%ŽˆNƒ‚F¨x†!‚†%ˆƒ"„Žn}ƒ"†Úƒ"“1† ~ŽŠ÷.„Ž«Ü†!ý¶†sŠƒR'ôFƒ‚“†¸ù ö t ú vu"v A'D<  /x/x) „–ˆk}'Žˆ" }¨'x„Ž‡†%‡¢ø„ ƒ"“ă"“„–ˆC}0(1(".}'Š“ 2 ˜™ '‡†%Þƒ‚¹Ž„ŽM„ ƒCƒ"“1† ˆ"(Œ‚„ xŒ1ˆF¨'†!ŽŠD„ ƒ"„Ž†%ˆ©«x†!†%‚}0ƒ"†%‡¸~”Cƒ"‚Œ1Š%}ƒ"„Ž'Ù†!‚‚'ˆ7„Ž ƒ"“1†("†sˆ"ˆ"Œ‚†Ú«x‚}x‡„Ž†!.ƒGŠ%}0–ŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ x#ƒ"“1†Ýƒ"'(¶'«x‚}'(“”©ø—}xˆ ˆ"M'ƒ"“†s‡ÏŒ€ˆ„Ž«8ƒ"“1†RŠD‚„ÿƒ‚†!‚„ xÜ}'‡x(ƒ"†s‡Ï~[ ” )7 01!Þ  ' w /x / + }'1‡e¨}0Ž„Ž‡}0ƒ"†s‡¹„Ž¢x } L‚†%ˆƒ"„Ž«Üˆ-ƒ‚‚}0ƒ"„ €Š!}0ƒ"„Ž' Š!}xˆB† N¸ûqˆ†%†Iƒ‚“†Ž}0ƒƒ‚†!©(1}0(¶†!ü 2 óݓ†n}'ŠDƒ"Œ1}'

(36) ƒ‚'(¶'«x‚}'(“” Œ1ˆ"†%‡?„ äxŒˆ„ŽQŒ–}ƒ‚„ x1ˆI„ŽˆM‡†!(1„ŽŠDƒ"†%‡?„ ešN„ «xŒ"†8)*}'1‡. Ž†%}'‡1ˆGƒ"\†%"‚'†%'Œ1ˆG¨x†!ŽŠD„ ƒ"„Ž†%ˆ;ˆ"}' Ž†!^ƒ"“1}' $12 ),©ŠD ˆyz ¨'†%ÝM.ˆ-ƒA'ô]ƒ‚“†=‡'n}'„  2 óݓ1†\"†%«'„Ž'1ˆ—ø“†%"†\Œ†!‚„ , Š!}'

(37) †%"‚'ˆ„Ž1‡Œ1Š!†IŒ1"†s}0Ž„Žˆƒ"„–Š©ô †s}ƒ"Œ1"†sˆ }'"†I(€x„ .ƒ"†s‡C'Œƒ „Ž8ˆ"†%ŠDƒ"„Ž'8+ 2 ö Ž'1«Ïƒ‚“†8øچsˆ-ƒ‚†!‚­7û  $  üD#‹ˆxŒƒ"“1†!‚­ûq+ $ !õ ü}'1‡ †%}xˆ-ƒ‚†!‚ û $12 +> ü¸ „Ž„ÿƒˆ!#M'‚„Ž«'„Ž1}0Mˆ†%ÿô ,™}'‡}'(ƒ"„Ž«vx(€†% ~¶'Œ1‡1}0‚„ †sˆäûž¦FªÝˆü8†!¨}'Š!Œ1}ƒ‚†æƒ"“†?'Œƒ‚«''„Ž«¢(¶†!"ƒ"Œ‚~1}0, ƒ"„Ž'€ˆFƒ"“‚'Œ«x“¸}'‡„–}ƒ‚„ x*†%•.Œ1}0ƒ"„Ž'1ˆ%#]}'1‡Â#„ŽÙ„Žþ1ø "†!, «'„Ž'€ˆ!#‹Š!'1ˆƒ"}0„Žäƒ‚“†8„ .ƒ‚†!‚„ xMŠ!„ ŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ x?~”ä}و-ƒ‚"x« ‚†!–} }ƒ‚„ xQ0ô¶ƒ"“1†~1}0‚ŠDŽ„ „–Š—¨}0‚„Ž}'~ †sˆNƒ"=}©ˆ"†%}'ˆ"'€}0ŠDŽ„ÿ, n}ƒ‚'Ž'«'” 2 óݓ„–ˆ^–}ƒ‚†!}0€~1}0‚ŠDŽ„ „–ŠŠDŽ„Ž}0ƒ"x x«'”I}'1‡Mƒ"“1† „Ž„ÿƒ‚„Ž}'

(38) ˆƒ"}ƒ‚„ €Š%}ƒ‚„ x8Š!'†\ô ‚' ƒ"“†I"†sŠD†!.ƒ7ó—, 8ŠDŽ„ n}0, ƒ"x x«'”¹0ôQ7!¶ 0  4?  0 { /x / + û0ƒ‚†%‡vú7|]ù “†%"†!, }ô ƒ‚†!ü 2 óݓ†%ˆ"† €†!–‡ˆI}'"†R~1}'ˆ"†%‡Üx?ˆ"†!¨'†%‚}'Ú‡†sŠ!}x‡†%ˆQ0ô “”‡"x«'}0(“1„ŽŠN‡}ƒ}}01‡F† “1„ ~„ ƒ]n}0‚÷'†s‡7“1'‚„ X%'.ƒ‚}'0‡†!, ˆ"„ÿƒ-”M«'}'‡„Ž†!.ƒˆ!#'ƒ"“Œ1ˆÚ("¨„–‡„Ž«\ƒ"“1†7n}0„Žn„ €ŠD'„Ž«IŠ!Œ", ‚†!.ƒ‚ˆnø„ ƒ"“Ä}æ"†s}0Ž„Žˆƒ"„–Š8 Š%}ƒ"„Ž'v}'1‡°~1}'"ŠDŽ„Ž„ŽŠCˆƒ"‚Œ1ŠD, ƒ"Œ1"†Mû †%ˆ"(¶†%ŠD„–}0ŽŽ”M}' xM «  $ % ü 2 ö  x«\ƒ‚“†%ˆ"†Aƒ‚“"†%†©¦FªÝˆ%# ƒ"“1†?¨'†%ƒ‚„ŽŠ%}0Ž ”.,»„ .ƒ‚†!«'}ƒ‚†%‡ þ1ø û “†%"†s}ô ƒ‚†!¸‚†Dô †%"‚†%‡Äƒ‚ }'K ˆ L~€}0‚0ƒ"‚'(1„Ž|Š Nn}01‡Ï‡†!'ƒ"†s_ ‡ }—üD#}01‡ÏŠDx1ˆ†s•.Œ†!.ƒ"Ž”8} –}0‚«'†‹(€}0"ƒN'ô1ƒ"“1†—–}ƒ‚†!}0‡”1}0„–Š!}'xô x‚Š!„ 1«1#„–ˆ;}'/‡ -Œ1ˆƒ"†s‡ ƒ"äƒ"“†*„Ž.ƒ"†%"„Ž'R‡”.€}0„ŽŠ%ˆk~”¹ƒ"“†*‡†%7„ ƒ‚ˆ"†! ô 2 óݓ„Žˆ ¨x†! ‡†!«x"†%†70ô]ô "†%†%‡x „ŽˆÝ}I÷'†!”†% †%M†%.ƒÝ„ŽRxŒˆ„ŽQŒ, –}ƒ"„Ž'€ˆ  2 ~ Œ‚„Ž«©M‡†%„ .ƒ"†%«'}ƒ‚„ x#0}0Ž'«7ƒ"“†Ýxƒ‚“†!‚ L†s‡ N~¶'Œ1‡1}0‚„ †sˆ0ôGƒ"“1†Q‡'n}'„ Üû &x&2  !õ ü#€ƒ"“1†\ƒ"†%I, (¶†!}ƒ"Œ1"†x#]ˆ"}' „Ž„ ƒ-”'#}'1‡¸~€}0‚Š! „Ž„–ŠM¨'†!ŽŠD„ ƒ-r ” 1†!–‡ˆ©ø—†!‚† ÷'†%(ƒ†%•.Œ1}' ƒ"Mƒ"“†%„ Aú7|]ù ŠDŽ„ n}ƒ‚'Ž'«x„ŽŠ%}0Âˆ†s}'ˆ"'1}'€†sˆ-ƒ‚„ÿ, n}ƒ‚†%ˆ%#G}'1‡Ùƒ"“1†R~1}'"'ƒ"‚'(„–Šnˆ-ƒ‚"†s}0 ô Œ1Šƒ‚„ xäøÝ}'ˆ=(1"†!, ˆ‚ŠD‚„ ~¶†%‡Mƒ‚=}\ „Ž†s}0^(‚ € †~¶†Dƒ-ø—†!†%n‘F‚†!†%–}01‡Â#x˜-ŠD†%Ž}'1‡ }0€‡Ùƒ"“†k1'"ƒ"“†s}'ˆƒ"†!‚æŠD'‚†% 2 óݓ†k‚†%}'‡†!=„–ˆ\‚†Dô †!‚‚†%‡ ƒ"M¥ $x$ ô 'Ú}Q‡†Dƒ}0„Ž †s‡k‡†%ˆ‚ŠD‚„Ž(ƒ"„Ž'n'ô¶ƒ‚“†7–}ƒ‚†!}01ô 'ŠD„Ž« }0€‡=0ô¶„ÿƒˆN„ (1}xŠƒ;'Qƒ"“†Ý„Žxƒ‚†!‚„ xNˆ"'ŽŒƒ‚„ x 2 óN}0~Ž† }'1‡ óN}0~Ž†¸)܈"Œ}'"'„ X!†8ƒ‚“†*(1}'‚}'†Dƒ"†%‚ˆ„Ž¨'x ¨x†%‡¹„ °ƒ‚“„Žˆ –}ƒ"†%‚}'ô x‚Š!„ « 2 óݓ1†70ƒ‚“†!—‡†!¶(1}0}0†!ƒ"†!ˆ%#0ƒ"“1†Fˆ"Œ", ô}'Š!†\~Œ”.}01Š!”R}01‡T†%Š“€}0„–Š!}' ô 'ŠD„Ž«xˆ}'"†\(‚†%ˆ"†!.ƒ‚†%‡ „Ž8óN}0~1 †\+ 2. Ýë. ® î î ñA´‚i f. h´ î. l  Ö œp s l  Ö œp ã l  Ö œ p_€. jÙò³1µÂñ1i´

(39) ²òï î. ¥ $x$ ("†sˆ†%.ƒFƒ‚“†R‡”1}'„ŽŠ%}0‹}'1‡Ïƒ"“†%"‡”1}0„–Š!}' }'‡-Œ1ˆ-ƒ‚†!.ƒ—'ôƒ"“† ~1}'ˆ"„Ž#}01‡kˆ"“øeƒ"“€}ƒ—ƒ"“†F}0Œ1}' Ž”., }¨'†%‚}'«'†s‡7ˆ"'ŽŒƒ"„Ž'Fƒ"'ƒ‚}' Ž”Fˆƒ‚}'~„Ž „'X!†sˆ}ô ƒ‚†!]+>—”'†%}'‚ˆ 'ô„ , ƒ"†%«'}ƒ‚„ x 2 óݓ„–ˆ„ŽˆA"†%}'"÷}'~ †©„ŽTƒ"“†=(1"†sˆ†%1ŠD†©0ô;ˆ"Œ1Š“ † ƒ‚†!1ˆ"„ ¨x†Cˆ†%ÿô ,™}'‡}'(ƒ"„Ž«Ù'(¶†!°~¶'Œ1‡1}0‚„ †sˆ 2 ö ˆ"Š“1†!† 0ôFƒ"“1†CM‡†%A†%}'°Š!„ ŠDŒ1Ž}0ƒ"„Ž'°}ô ƒ"†%k + +ٔ'†s}0ˆM0ô©„ , ƒ"†%«'}ƒ‚„ x¸„–ˆ\ˆ“øÙ„ŽæšN„Ž«'Œ‚†n+Þô 'Fƒ"“‚†!†n–}”'†%‚ˆ 2 óݓ1† “x"'„ X!xxƒ}01ƒ"}01ˆ"(€xƒˆ‹'ô]„Ž1‡„Ž¨.„–‡Œ1}'ÂŠDŒ‚"†%.ƒ‚ˆÚ„ 1‡„ŽŠ%}ƒ"†s‡ „Žkƒ"“1„Ž] ˆ 1«xŒ"†Fø—†!‚† ŠDx(Œƒ"†s‡R}xŠD‚xˆ‚ˆ‹ˆ"†!¨'†%‚}'  X%'1}'¶}'1‡ †!‚„Ž‡„ x1}0¶ˆ†sŠƒ"„Ž'€ˆ 2xƒ"“† ¨'†%ƒ‚„ŽŠ%}0ƒ‚‚}'1ˆ"(€xƒˆ^ø—†!‚†ƒ"“†% ‡†s‡Œ1ŠD†s‡=ô ‚'Àƒ‚“†‡„Ž¨'†!‚«'†%1ŠD†Ú0ô¶“'‚„ X%'.ƒ‚}''n}'ˆ‚ˆ

(40) þ1Œ †%ˆ ~¶†Dƒ-ø—†!†!ƒ‚“†%ˆ"†7ˆ"†%ŠDƒ"„Ž'1ˆ^ƒ"QŠ! .ˆ†Ýƒ‚“†An}'ˆ‚ˆ^~Œ€‡«'†!ƒ 2 šN„ «',. ƒ oqà zGrspr€.

(41)  Œ‚†M(‚†%ˆ"†!.ƒ‚ˆÚƒ‚“†\}0Œ1}' Ž”.,G}'1‡Þ‡†!(ƒ‚“,»}¨x†!}0«x†%‡Mþ1ø „û }Ýü 2. †7‡9†‰ˆ‹ŠYŒ_bŽ/‘|Š“’-‘|”#•–5‘|—#˜S™Hš/Œ–5‘ •–Y›‰‘BŠYŒ œ šžŸŽ9”7•¡ K¢^Œ óݓ†æõ ö  †%.ƒ"†!ˆRƒ"“†æ‡'n}'„ Ä~€†!ƒ-øچ%†!£.+,!õ5}'1‡  D õ5}01‡°~‚„Ž«xˆnx"†Cƒ‚“1}0“ $ ¨Àû‡†%(ƒ"“ „ .ƒ"†%«'}0 ü }0~¶¨'†Iƒ"“1†kù ö ú „ .ƒ‚ރ‚“†n†%}xˆ-ƒ‚†!‚¸~1}xˆ„ŽN 2 xˆƒ©'ô‹ƒ‚“„Žˆ ƒ"}0€ˆ(¶'"ƒ8ûž)0/ 2 +¤¨üQ„–ˆŠDx1  †s‡äƒ‚¸ƒ‚“†8Œ((¶†! + $x$  ûšN„Ž«'Œ‚†C+'}.ü 2 óݓ†C~1}'"'ƒ"‚'(„–Šnþ€ø ûqš

(42) „Ž«'Œ1"†r. üI„–ˆkˆ"„ «', „€  Š!}'.ƒ"Ž”‡„ÿý †!‚†!.ƒ—ô "x ƒ‚“†

(43) ¨'†!‡‚Œ(nƒ‚‚}'1ˆ(¶'"ƒ ûqš

(44) „Ž«0, Œ‚†¡x ü#^ˆ"Œ«'«x†%ˆƒ"„Ž«Cƒ"“€}ƒIxŽ”σ-ø—*ƒ‚“„Ž‚‡ˆI0ôƒ‚“†8õ ö . ƒ"}0€ˆ(¶'"ƒÚŠ!}'n~€†7ô 'ŠD†s‡~.”Iƒ"“1†7ø„Ž1‡kˆƒ"‚†%ˆ‚ˆ‹ŠDŒ1"¶}0Ž'† 2 ˜™1‡†%†%‡Â#G}0Ž‹}' x«Tƒ"“†n‡†!Ž†%‡æõ ö  }'1‡Ïƒ"“‚'Œ1«'“xŒƒ ƒ"“1†=ø—}0ƒ"†%AŠD'ŽŒÜûšN„Ž«'Œ‚†%ˆA+x}#1+'~€ü#1Ž}'"«x†D,™ˆ"Š%}0Ž†F‡ø, ø—†!Ž „Ž«Þˆƒ"‚†!1«0ƒ"“1†!1ˆ7ƒ"“†Mxƒ‚“.øÝ}0‡CŠDx(€x†!.ƒ 'ô^ƒ"“1† þ1ø ƒ"“1"xŒ«'“ܨx'"ƒ"† æˆ-ƒ‚"†!ƒ‚Š“„Ž«*}'1‡äŠDx1ˆ"†%•.Œ†!.ƒ‚ ”Ï„ , ŠD‚†%}xˆ†sˆ8ƒ"“1†Üƒ"}01ˆ"(¶'"ƒÏ}0~¶¨'†æƒ‚“†?ù ö ú 2 óݓ1„ŽˆÏ„ .ƒ‚†!", }'ŠDƒ"„Ž'¹~€†!ƒ-øچ%†!Üƒ‚'(¶'«'}0(1“„ŽŠÞˆŽ'(¶†%ˆ}'1‡Ü~¶0ƒƒ‚'SŠ!Œ", ‚†!.ƒ‚ˆ7ø—}xˆ7ˆ"“øCƒ"Þ~€†I0ô^n} -x7„Ž(€xƒ}01Š!†\ô 'F„Ž‡, –}ƒ"„ ƒ"Œ€‡†R‡”1}'M„–Š!ˆ=~.w ” QÞ1!‚? 9  4T7s EHEM‚[  / +, }0€‹ ‡ 3 " R   l / +'/ ž2 ˜™=ƒ"“†Ú„ ¨'†%‚ˆ"†G‡†!.0ô¥‹ù*/ = }0€‡*„Ž*ƒ"“1†I(‚†%ˆ"†!.ƒ©ˆ„ŽQŒ–}ƒ‚„ x#¶ƒ"“†õ ö ­ƒ"}01ˆ"(€xƒF„Žˆ „Ž1ŠD‚†%}xˆ†s‡k~”Þ+ >$ ¥ ƒ‚“"xŒ«'“Þƒ"“1„Žˆ—ƒ‚'(¶'«'}0(1“„ŽŠF†!ý¶†sŠƒ 2 ¦ Œä†sˆ-ƒ‚„ n}0ƒ"†v'ôCƒ"“† õ ö Sƒ"}01ˆ"(¶'"ƒ?}0~¶¨'†°ƒ"“1† ù ö ú\# „Ž÷'†7ƒ"“† „ ¨'†%‚ˆ"†A†sˆ-ƒ‚„ n}ƒ‚†%ˆÚ0ôAA  n 5  4M6—" $%  /'/x+ }01‡Ä¥‹ù*/ =°„û >+¹}'1£ ‡ +¦¨¢‚†%ˆ"(€†sŠƒ"„Ž¨'†% ”üD# ˆ"„ «', „ €Š!}'.ƒ"Ž”Þ† Š!†!†s‡ˆ“”‡"x«'}0(“”.,»~1}'ˆ"†%‡n«x†!.ˆ-ƒ‚"x(“„–Š©†%ˆ, ƒ"„Žn}ƒ‚†%ˆ%#Nø“1„ŽŠ“܁}0«x†~€†!ƒ-øچ%†! %& ¨¦ RQCq A'¶!<  >/ =+ }0€‡¸+xK ) ¨T Q‚  7   / +>= ž2 ˜™1‡†%†%‡Â#]„ ¨'†%‚ˆ"†Q}'1‡ (‚'«xxˆƒ"„–Š;‡†!–ˆN"†%("†sˆ†%.ƒ]ƒ"“1†Ú„Ž.ƒ"†!}'ŠDƒ"„Ž'='ô1~¶0ƒƒ‚' ŠDŒ1"‚†!.ƒ‚ˆGø„ ƒ"“kƒ"“†ƒ‚'(¶'«x‚}'(“„–Š—ˆ"Ž'(¶†%ˆ%#x}©(‚ŠD†%ˆ‚ˆGø“„–Š“ „–ˆ‡„Žˆƒ"xƒ‚†%‡R'—†!«x †sŠƒ"†s‡R„ŽT«'†!.ˆ-ƒ‚"x(“„–Š7Š!'(Œƒ}ƒ"„Ž'€ˆ ø“†%e}xˆ"ˆ"Œ„ 1«*ƒ"“1†T† „Žˆƒ"†%1ŠD†T0ô©}¸‚†Dô †%"†%1ŠD†Þ †%¨'†!}0ƒ ‡†%(ƒ"“ 2 šN„ «xŒ‚†R+¸ˆ"“øAˆQƒ"“1}0ƒQƒ"“1†Tõ ö  „ŽˆM‡†!þ1†%ŠDƒ"†%‡?'"ƒ"“, †%}xˆ-ƒ-øÝ}0‡T}ƒ }' N‡†!(ƒ‚“1ˆ7}'~€¨x†©ƒ"“†Iù ö ú\# }'ˆ7ˆŒ«x«'†sˆ-ƒ‚†%‡ ~_ ” ¶ ,/ + + û“„ŽD ˆ 1«'Œ‚† ' ü#~ŒƒAMx"†©n}0‚÷'†s‡Ž”nƒ"“1}' „ŽÏŠD†%ƒ}0„Ž¸'ƒ"“†%Fˆƒ"Œ1‡„ †sˆ ¥‹ù¸>/ =2C"Cq»8 5  4‰§€ 0_  3D&x!   /x/ & ž2 óݓ„–ˆ=ˆƒ"†%†!‚„ «C„–ˆ=}xˆ"ˆ"ŠD„–}ƒ"†s‡¸ø„ ƒ"“Ü}8ŽŠ!}0‹} , „ŽQŒf0ôQƒ‚“†Ü¨'†%ƒ‚„ŽŠ%}0\ˆƒ"‚†Dƒ‚Š“1„ «°ø„ ƒ"“„Ž­ƒ"“¨ † ړ€}0‚ „Ž† ‘F„Ž~~1ˆ‹š1‚}xŠƒ‚Œ"8 † ©¶'†=vû ݑ©? š ©Âü#.ø“†!‚†ƒ‚“†A~¶0ƒƒ‚' þ1ø „–ˆR‡ø1ˆ"Ž'(¶†¸}01‡v†%}'ˆƒ-øÝ}0‡ 2 óݓ1†¸ø—†%ˆƒ-ø—}'‚‡e~¶0ƒƒ‚' þ1øÀ'~€ˆ†%"¨x†%‡8„ŽCƒ"“„–ˆ (1}'ˆ‚ˆ"}'«'†  09  4'!<  /x/  „Žˆ 'ƒ ‚†!(‚‡Œ1ŠD†s‡¢~”eƒ"“†æ‡†!©(‚'~1}'~Ž”¹~¶†%Š%}0Œ1ˆ"†¸ƒ‚“†Ù ', Š!}'¨'†%ƒ‚„ŽŠ%}0‚†%ˆ"'ŽŒƒ‚„ xTûq}0~¶'Œª ƒ  $'$  †%}';ƒ"“†7~€'ƒƒ"xkü „–ˆƒ"æøچs}0÷Üô xk}æŠD'‚‚†%Šƒn‚†!(‚†%ˆ"†!.ƒ}ƒ"„Ž'¹0ô ƒ"“†C¨x†!", ƒ"„–Š!}' ˆ"“†%}'R'ô©“1'‚„ X%'.ƒ‚}'A¨'†% ŠD„ ƒ"„Ž†%ˆ P 2 ~ ø1ˆ-ƒ‚"†s}0 0ô ƒ"“1†æù ö ú\#݃-ø—?ƒ‚“„Ž‚‡ˆT'ôQƒ"“1†æõ ö  ƒ"}0€ˆ(¶'"ƒ8Š!„ ŠDŒ, –}ƒ"†sˆÝ'"ƒ"“øÝ}0‡Â#}'ˆ—(‚'(¶xˆ"†%‡Þ~”nƒ"“†\„Ž¨'†%‚ˆ"† ‡†%Â0ô ¥‹ù¸>/ = 2 óݓ†õ ö Àˆ"(‚†%}x‡ˆ7„Ž.ƒ"Tˆ†%¨'†!}0

(45) ~}01Š“†sˆ!#¶ƒ-ø—. 0ôGø“„–Š“Rô †%†%‡Þƒ"“1†=ˆŒ~1(€xŽ}'«'”"†,0 '2 ö )  2 W, ¨*~}01Š“#

(46) ø“„–Š“Ü“1}'ˆ=}Cˆƒ"‚'1«T¨x†!"ƒ"„–Š!}' ˆ"“†%}'kqû = $ ¥ 0ô݄ ƒ‚ˆ©ƒ‚‚}'1ˆ(¶'"ƒ\„Žˆ\Š!' €†%‡Ïƒ"8ƒ‚“†nŒ((¶†! + $x$ 8#‹šN„Ž«'Œ‚†T+x}xüQ}01‡?†!.ƒ"†%‚ˆIƒ"“1†Þ†s}'ˆƒ"†!‚ä~1}xˆ„Ž?~¶†D, ƒ-ø—†!†!«  .,/ %õ }'1‡ !õ 2 ˜»ƒˆ‹Œ(1(€†%Ú(1}'ƒFû}0~¶¨'†  $x$ kü ~‚„ 1«xˆ s&2 +l¨ 1'"ƒ"“ø—}'‚‡ ~¶†Dƒ-ø—†!†!©ƒ‚“†ÚúAŠ÷}' '¥‹Ž}0ƒ"†s}0Œ }0€! ‡ ŠD'ƒ"–}01‡¸ûŠDŽxˆ"†ƒ‚=ƒ"“1† 'W, ¨I†sˆ-ƒ‚„ n}ƒ‚†7'‚ ô :* J % qI ö ¶!ä 5  4£u1 0 !T  / + ü 2 ~€xŒƒ ' ¨¹0ô7ƒ‚“„–ˆnø—}'" ö ƒ"–}0.ƒ‚„ŽŠÙøÝ}ƒ"†%C†!.ƒ"†%8ƒ"“†äõ7'‚øچ%«'„–}0¬  †%}¢}0~¶¨'†Ïƒ"“1† ˜-ŠD†%Ž}'1‡, ŠD'ƒ"–}01‡núA„Ž‡«x†Qû ­˜ ú7ü^„Žƒ-ø—=~}01Š“†sˆ^'ôˆ"„ŽI, „ŽŽ}' „Ž.ƒ"†!€ˆ„ ƒ-”Ü#û  2 & }'1\ ‡  2 = ¨ #š

(47) „Ž«'Œ1"†M+'}xü 2 óݓ1„Žˆ7ƒ"'ƒ‚}0 ˆ"Œô}xŠD†M'Œƒ"þ1ø „–ˆ\}0~¶'Œƒ\+ $ ¥ ˆ-ƒ‚"x«'†%7ƒ‚“1}0Ïƒ"“1†M†sˆ-ƒ‚„ÿ, n}ƒ‚†\0 ô "Ý% $s &R    /'/x/ »2 ) 2 óݓ†8xƒ‚“†!‚xˆƒM~1‚}'1Š“¹'ô7ƒ‚“†Cõ ö  ~"„Ž«.ˆ ) 2[ ) ¨?ô ‚' ƒ"“†Ùù ö ú ƒ"øÝ}0‡äƒ‚“†¸†s}'ˆƒ"†!‚°˜-ŠD†%Ž}'1‡ ªÝ}'ˆ"„  2 óݓ1„ŽˆF~}01Š“¸„ŽˆF¨'†%ƒ‚„ŽŠ%}0Ž ”T'‚†IŠ!'“†%"†%xƒ©ˆ„Ž1Š!† }0~¶'ŒV ƒ   ¥ 'ô„ÿƒˆƒ‚‚}'1ˆ"(€xƒÚû &2 +1¨ #šN„ «xŒ"†—+'}.ü „Žˆ]ô 'Œ11‡ }0~¶¨'8 † + $x$  2 óݓ†Føچsˆ-ƒ-øÝ}0‡Mƒ"}0€ˆ(¶'"ƒÚ'ô]˜-ŠD†%Ž}'1‡, ŠD'ƒ"–}01‡Þ¦ ¨x†!", þ1“ ø æ}ƒ‚†!©û ­˜ 1¦l # ®¯M°°,) = n +xü‹}0~¶¨'†ƒ‚“†F­˜ ú ˆ"„ Ž¶ø—}xˆ †%ˆƒ"„Žn}ƒ‚†%‡nƒ‚I~¶†\) 2 =M¨n~! ” `Q± &!Ï 09  4M)A" ²;b  /' /  »2 ˜™Ùƒ"“†RM‡†%q#]ƒ"“„–ˆ\ƒ‚‚}'1ˆ"(€xƒ=‡†%(€†%1‡ˆ\xÏƒ‚“†kˆ"†%Šƒ‚„ x ŠDx1ˆ"„Ž‡†%"†s‡Â#]ˆ"„ €ŠD†k}8ˆ-ƒ‚"x«T†!.ƒ"}0„Ž†!.ƒ\† „–ˆ-ƒˆ\„ Ùƒ‚“„Žˆ }0‚†%}1#N}'1‡Ü}0«x†%ˆ\~¶†Dƒ-ø—†!†%¹) 2 _ + ¨Ü}0€‡ä+ 2 _¨ 2 ö ˆQ„Ž ƒ"“1†ÝŠ!„ ŠDŒ1Ž}0ƒ"„Ž'Iˆ‚Š“†%M†Ý(‚'(¶xˆ"†%‡Q~”\ƒ"“†sˆ†}'Œƒ"“x‚ˆ%#ƒ"“1† ‡†!A­˜ €¦DӃ"“†%°ˆ"(‚†%}x‡ˆ„ .ƒ‚󂓆*úŠ÷}0ŽAó]‚'Œ1«'“ }0€‡M}' x«Fƒ"“†7­˜ ú°øچsˆ-ƒ‚†!‚Qþ¶}0÷ #'‚†%Š!„ ŠDŒ1Ž}0ƒ"„Ž«©}'„ 1 ” ø„ ƒ"“„Žƒ"“†Aˆ"Œ~(¶'–}0‹«'”"† 2 óݓ†A‡†!(ƒ‚“,ž„Ž.ƒ"†%«'}ƒ"†s‡Møچsˆ-ƒ", øÝ}0‡Rƒ‚‚}'1ˆ"(€xƒ7ˆ"'Œƒ‚“80ô;˜-ŠD†%Ž}'1‡8"†s}'Š“†sˆ}0~¶'Œƒ©) ¨ û+ ¨kô x8    EMF FGM 5  4;:¸ J 0% q D«  /x/'+ ü 2 óݓ† ˜™"„Ž«'†%C  ڌ‚"†%.ƒ‹†!.ƒ"†%‚ˆ‹ƒ"“1†7‡†!Â‡x}'„ n~” ƒ"“1†Qø—†%ˆƒ"†!‚*~¶'Œ€‡}0‚”ސ1†%}0 &'$ DM õ 2¶„ ƒ‚ˆ©‡†!(ƒ"“,™}¨'†%‚}'«'†%‡ ƒ"}0€ˆ(¶'"ƒ—„–ˆ—ƒ"“1†!_  =H¨kø„ÿƒ‚“T}ˆ"„ «x„ €Š!}'xƒŠDx.ƒ"‚„ ~Œƒ"„Ž' ô ‚' }0Ž^Ž}”x†!ˆnûšN„Ž«'Œ‚†R+xü 2 ˜»ƒQ„ŽˆQŽ}0ƒ"†%Q}0Œ«x†!.ƒ"†s‡Ï~” ƒ"“1†=ŠD'.ƒ‚"„Ž~Œƒ‚„ xT'ôN}~}0€Š“Rô ‚' ƒ‚“†=xƒ‚“†!‚8õ ö  ø“„–Š“I‡†sˆ]'ƒN†%.ƒ"†!

(48) ƒ"“1†Ú†s}'ˆƒ"†!‚=~1}xˆ„Ž 2 óݓ„ŽˆN„Ž1ŠD‚†%}xˆ†sˆ ƒ"“1†7xƒ‚“.øÝ}0‡Iƒ"}01ˆ"(¶'"ƒ^ƒ" ) 2 =8¨ø—†%ˆƒÚ0ô ƒ‚“†FúA†!”÷., }01†%ˆ;ú„–‡«'† 2 óݓ1†—˜™‚„ 1«'†!Ÿ  ڌ‚‚†!.ƒGŠ!„ ŠDŒ1Ž}0ƒ"†%ˆGŠ!”Š! x„ , Š!}' Ž”Þ}'1‡8†!†!ƒ‚ˆƒ‚“†I‰Ú}'ˆƒ ‘F"†%†!–}0€S ‡ ڌ"‚†!.ƒQûq‰ÚM ‘ Ýü 2 óݓ†Ý/, ¨=ˆ"'Œƒ‚“.øÝ}0‡©þ1ø?("†sˆ"Š!"„Ž~¶†%‡©ƒ‚“"xŒ«'“Qƒ"“† ~ †!, n}0‚_ ÷ .ƒ"}0„  ƒ €1}0Ž ”C„Ž.ƒ"†%1ˆ„ 1†sˆ7ƒ‚“†n‰ÚM ‘ め‚}'1ˆ"(€xƒFŒ( ƒ"r   '2 +K¨ 2 óݓ„Žˆ©¨}' Œ†øÝ}'ˆF'ƒ\Š!'1ˆƒ"}0„Ž†s‡¸}Þ("„Ž'‚„ž# ~ŒƒF„Žˆ ˆ„Ž„ –}07ƒ"b  ‚ EIF „Gn 09  4!:¸ J % ž¶! /'/x+ v³ ˆA†%ˆ, ƒ"„Žn}ƒ‚† 2 óݓ†R‡†!Ýˆ"'ŽŒƒ"„Ž'ä„ŽÜƒ‚“†Tˆ"Œ~(¶'–}0I«'”‚†k„Žˆ }0–ˆ"n¨'†!‚”ÞŠ! .ˆ†=ƒ"nƒ‚“†IŠ!„ ŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ x*ˆ"Š“1†!†=0´ ô "Cq»Þ 9  4 $ r  3D&x!r  /x/ & #‡†%"„Ž¨'†s‡kô ‚' ‡"„ ô ƒ"†%7‡}ƒ} 2.

(49)  †¶µ†‰ˆ‹ŠYŒ_·–5‘|Œ>¸¢^Œ¤¹ŸŽ9–YŒ_•–Y›‰‘BŠYŒ œ šYY‘|/ŽžV—7˜ •”  K¢^Œ ‰‹}xˆ-ƒÂ'ôxƒ‚“†‹ù ö ú\#Dƒ‚“†‹ˆ"'Œƒ‚“.øÝ}0‡,»"†sŠD„Ž‚Š!Œ–}ƒ"„Ž«Ú~‚}'1Š“†sˆ 0 ôIƒ"“†Üõ ö X~‚„ 1«¹'‚†Ïƒ"“1}' ' ¨v'ôQøÝ}ƒ"†%Üû‡„–ˆ-, ƒ"‚„Ž~Œƒ"†s‡k¨x†!;ƒ‚“†7ƒ‚“‚†!†7–}”'†%‚ˆ‹0ô]šN„Ž«'Œ‚† +.üGƒ"øÝ}0‡Mƒ"“1† ˆ"Œ~ƒ"‚'(1„ŽŠ%}0;«'”‚†n}'ŠD‚xˆ‚ˆFƒ"“1†n„ .ƒ"†%"«x”"; † X!x† 2 |„Ž÷'†ƒ"“1† ¥‹ù¸>/ =ފD„Ž‚Š!Œ–}ƒ"„Ž'æˆ‚Š“†!†'#

(50) 'ŒIˆx Œƒ‚„ xÙ}'~€¨x« † + $'$  ˆ"“øAˆFƒ"“†ÞˆxŒƒ"“†%"æŽ„ „ ƒI'ôڃ‚“†Rˆ"Œ~(¶'–}0=«x”.‚†Mƒ"*Ž„Ž† –}0‚«'†!Ž”°ˆxŒƒ"“ ûq}0‚'Œ€‰ ‡ =!õ üR0ô=ø“1}0ƒÞø—'Œ–‡¢~¶†Ï† , (¶†%Šƒ‚†%‡Qø„ÿƒ‚“'ŒƒNƒ"x(€x«'}0(“1„ŽŠGô x‚Š!„ 1«Iû „ 2 † 2 #ƒ"“ª † X!†%"FŠD', ƒ"xŒ„Ž=šN„ «xŒ"Ÿ † xü 2 ªÚ†!ƒ-øچ%†!

(51)   $ !õÜ}'1M ‡  $ Dõ=#s}0~¶'Œƒ x2 =  ¨T0Ÿ ô Œ~1(€xŽ}'7ùC‡M † æ}ƒ‚†!Qqû ¥‹b ù  üA}0‚†=ˆŒ~ ‡Œ1ŠDƒ"†s‡ „Žxƒ‚kƒ‚“†IŠ!†%}0*ƒ"“†%"ŠDŽ„ 1K † *6D5  4 dC /x / + 2¶ø„ÿƒ‚“*ƒ"“1† ˆ‚}0††Dƒ"“1‡#.¥Úù*>/ =7'~ƒ‚}0„Žk}\ˆ"„ „ŽŽ}'‹ˆŒ1~¶‡Œ€Šƒ"„Ž'n}ƒ‚† ûq) 2 ;¨ü 2 óݓ†^ˆ"Œ~ƒ‚"x(„ŽŠ%}00«x”"†G„–ˆ}0–ˆÝô †s‡ ô "x ƒ‚“†;øچsˆ-ƒ]}'~€¨x† + $x$  ~”Þƒ"“† ö X!x"†s1 ˆ ڌ"‚†!.ƒQû ö Ýü#1}0‚†!Ž”Rˆ"„ IŒ–}ƒ"†s‡ ~”ÜŠDx}'‚ˆ"†D,»‚†%ˆ"'ŽŒƒ"„Ž'Ù‡†!–ˆ 2 óݓ† ö  ~‚„Ž«xˆM/ 2 _ ) ¨ †%}xˆ-ƒ-øÝ}0‡M}'ŠD‚xˆ‚ˆ^>+  % ~¶†Dƒ-ø—†!†%k+ $ Dõ }'1‡n,+ ,!õQ#'„–ˆ^ô †s‡ ô ‚' ƒ‚“†æ'"ƒ"“À}0Ž=}0Ž'«e„ ƒ‚ˆ8†%}xˆ-ƒ-øÝ}0‡v(€}ƒ"“­~”¢ƒ"“1† ˆ"'Œƒ‚“.øÝ}0‡æþ1ø 'ôAƒ"“1†!‚MŠ! „Ž†Tø—}0ƒ"†!ˆT„û  2 ¤¨ü#‹}'1‡ Žxˆ"†%l ˆ + 2! + ¨Tˆ"'Œƒ‚“ø—}'‚‡T~¶†Dƒ-ø—†!†!8ƒ‚“†Iù ö ú }0€‡*) $  ûšN„Ž«'Œ‚†+'}xü 2 óݓ† ö À„ .ƒ"†%1ˆ"„ÿƒ-”8ƒ‚“.Œ€ˆF‡†%ŠD‚†%}xˆ†sˆ7‡ø, ˆƒ"‚†%}08#A}'1‡°'Ž‰ ”  2 ¨¨e †s}¨'†Cƒ‚“†Ï‡'n}0„Ž°ƒ"“‚'Œ1«'“ ƒ"“1†Iˆ"'Œƒ‚“†!‚C~€xŒ1‡}'"”T†%}xˆ-ƒ 0ô‹) $ % 2 óݓ†%ˆ"†=ô †s}ƒ"Œ1"†sˆ }0‚†F"†%}'"÷}'~ ”kŠ!'“†%"†%.ƒ—ø„ ƒ"“Þƒ"“†\‚†%ˆ"Œ ƒ‚ˆ—0] ô ž" E-En / +  }01! ‡ I ! ¸ 5  4H€< 4 !  ,/ +'/ #.}01‡nø„ ƒ"“Rƒ"“†©ŠD„Ž", ŠDŒ1Ž}0ƒ"„Ž'vˆ‚Š“†!†*'ô ¶< 4 !Ù 5  4º"Ý  &'!£  /'/ & û ƒ"“†%„  1«xŒ"† x'2 & ü 2 ö ƒQ„Ž.ƒ"†!‚†%‡„–}ƒ‚†n †%¨'†%Žˆ%#N}CŠ!”ŠDŽ'„–ŠnŠD„Ž‚Š!Œ–}ƒ"„Ž'Üˆ"Œ", ‚'Œ1‡1ˆ‹ƒ‚“†\ùC†%‡„ÿƒ‚†!‚‚}'†%}' Ù}0ƒ"†%©ûqb ù  üڃ"x«'Œ1†Mûqš

(52) „Ž«0, Œ‚†Ü+0~€ü 2 ö ˆ„Ž„ –}08ƒ‚†!1‡†!1Š!”Ä„–ˆC‡†%ˆ‚ŠD‚„Ž~€†s‡Ä~”À7!74 /' /  #%}'1‡\‡†%‡Œ1ŠD†s‡©~.‹ ”   EMF FGA 9  4:¸ J % ž¶!l  /'/'+ ø„ ƒ"“ä}CŽ†!¨x†!^'ôݐ1CM'ƒ"„Ž'Ü~¶†!Žø ƒ‚“†Rb ù  ûq}'ˆ=„Žæƒ"“1† (‚†%ˆ"†!.ƒNˆ"'ŽŒƒ‚„ x#ˆ†%†—ˆ"†%ŠDƒ"„Ž'M  ü Y 2 O øچ%¨'†%%#s"†sˆŒ1ÿƒˆô ‚'  09 4xDr  / +x) }'1¬ ‡ :¸  0R 4T ,/ + & Š!'.ƒ"}'‡„–Šƒƒ‚“„Žˆ („–Šƒ‚Œ"† 2 ¢„ÿƒ‚“„ Tƒ‚“†F_ ù  #'"ƒ"“Þ0ô

(53) }'~€xŒƒÝ>+  !õ=#ƒ"“1†%ˆ"† }0Œƒ"“x‚ˆ]"†%(€xƒG}(€x †%ø—}'‚‡Fþ€øÜø“„ŽŠ“Qø—}xˆ}ƒ"„Ž'€}0Ž„ X%†%‡ ~”  ‚xC 09  413 "1 ;  / + & ž2 óݓ1„ŽˆN–}ƒƒ‚†!N(€x„ .ƒG0ô¨„Ž†!ø }0(1(€†s}0ˆÝMx"†\Š!'¨„ 1Š!„ 1«Iƒ‚nŒ1|ˆ 2øچ\ø„ŽŽ]ŠDxM†\~€}'Š÷nƒ‚ ƒ"“1„ŽˆA‡† €Š!„ †%1ŠD”k'ô

(54) ƒ‚“†\‡†!„ŽTƒ"“†\1† ƒAˆ†sŠƒ"„Ž' 2 ö ƒ^}©‡†!(ƒ‚“I'ô }'~€xŒƒ =  $ 8#ƒ‚“†A|]}'~}'‡xV  †s1 } æ}, ƒ"†%IûqY |  ü7ŠD‚xˆ‚ˆ†sˆ—ƒ"“†Mù ö ú ø„ ƒ"“1„ 8ƒ‚“†Iõ ö  ˆ"”ˆ-ƒ‚†! }0€‡?ˆ"( „ ƒ‚ˆ„Ž.ƒ"ك"“1"†%†Þn}0„Ž?~1‚}'1Š“†%ˆ8ûqš

(55) „Ž«'Œ1"†8+'Šs%ü 0 ö xƒ‚“†%}xˆ-ƒ-øÝ}0‡æþ1ø„Ž«Ù¨'†!„Ž¤  -'„Ž1ˆMƒ"“1†*ˆŒ~1(€xŽ}'M«x”",† 2 } ˆ†sŠD'€‡ ~}01Š“ ô 'Ž øAˆ¹ƒ"“1†­†s}'ˆƒ"†%" þ¶}0÷ 'ô¸ƒ"“1† ù ö ú­ˆ"'Œƒ"“ø—}'‚‡Rø„ÿƒ‚“C Š%}0Â‚†%ŠD„ŽŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ x1ˆÚƒ"øÝ}0‡nƒ"“1† ø—†%ˆƒ"†!‚¢~1}xˆ„Ž#7}'1‰ ‡ 11}' Ž”eþ1øAˆR}'"xŒ1‡°ƒ‚“† ö X!x"†sˆ ¥^–}ƒ‚†%}' Œ 2kƒ‚“†?ƒ‚“„Ž‚‡ ~‚}'1Š“ «'†sˆÏ}xŠD‚xˆ‚ˆCƒ"“1†¹†s}'ˆƒ"†!‚ ~1}xˆ„Ž#Gˆ-ƒ‚†!†!ˆQˆ"'Œƒ"“†s}'ˆƒ-ø—}'‚‡Ù}01‡æ(€}'ˆ‚ˆ†sˆ©ƒ"Cƒ‚“†Rˆ"'Œƒ‚“. 0ô;ƒ‚“† ö X!x"†sˆ l 2 O øچ%¨'†!s#ƒ‚“†I‡†%NŠ!'1Š!†!.ƒ"}ƒ‚†%ˆÝƒ‚“„Žˆ ƒ"“1„ ‡\~}01Š“=}' x«Ýƒ"“1†Ú¥G'ŠDŒ1(„ 1†^ª—}'÷F'"ƒ"“='ô,+,%õ 2 óݓ„–ˆ=ô †s}ƒ‚Œ"†8}0(1(€†s}0ˆ=Œ‚†%}' „–ˆƒ"„–ŠR}0€‡ä‡Œ†Þƒ"¸ƒ"“†TŒ1ˆ"† 0ôAˆ"„ «xn}CŠD'‡„Ž1}ƒ‚†%ˆ=ˆ"„ €ŠD†k„ ƒQ„–ˆQ}0–ˆ"C'~1ˆ"†!‚¨'†s‡¸„ŽÜƒ"“1† ‚†%ˆƒ"„Ž«Ïˆƒ"}ƒ‚„ €Š%}ƒ‚„ x?Š!}xˆ† 2 I %!ª /x / + ‚†!(¶'"ƒ‚ˆI} ˆ"„ „ŽŽ}'Úƒ‚†!1‡†!1Š!”k„ T}IŠ!x}'‚ˆ"†D,»«'‚„Ž‡nõ7'"ƒ"“ ö ƒ"–}0.ƒ"„–Š©ŠD', 1«xŒ‚}0ƒ"„Ž'¢'H ô ¥‹‰Ú[ ù 2ړ1„ŽˆÞ"†sˆŒ1ÿƒˆÞˆ"Œ«'«x†%ˆƒkƒ"“€}ƒC}?ˆ"„ «', „ €Š!}'.ƒQ„ €ŠD‚†%}'ˆ"†Cû}' xˆƒI‡xŒ~Ž†süF„Žæƒ"“†Þ¨'†%ƒ‚„ŽŠ%}0;‚†%ˆ, 'ŽŒƒ‚„ xvøÚxŒ–‡vŠDx"‚†%ŠDƒkƒ"“„–ˆ8‡„–ˆ"Š!"†%(1}01Š!” 2 ‚ ‰ ŠD†%(ƒRô x ƒ"“1„Žˆ

(56) ô †%}0ƒ"Œ‚†'#ƒ‚“†ÝY | [«x†!†%‚}'xŠ!„ ŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ x=„Ž=ƒ"“1†Ú‡†! ŠDŽxˆ"†!Ž”8}0«'‚†!†sˆÝø„ÿƒ‚“Cƒ"“1†IŠD„ŽŠDŒ–}ƒ‚„ x*ˆ"Š“†%†%ˆA'] ô 6     © 0 ¤ /' / + }01¨ ‡ '!R ©  ( /x/'/ 2ƒ‚“†Rˆ"'Œƒ‚“ø—}'‚‡ ƒ"}0€ˆ(¶'"ƒR0ô= |  †%}xˆ-ƒÞ0ô\ƒ"“1†Ïù ö ú[ûq) 2 U / ¨°}xŠD‚xˆ‚ˆ    õFü—„ŽˆAˆ"„ŽM„Ž–}0Ýƒ"n¥;}'„ Ž †!ƒ†Dƒ7}0 '2 ³ ˆÝ†sˆ-ƒ‚„ n}ƒ‚† 2 ª—†!Žø ) $'$'$  „ æƒ‚“†kˆŒ1~ƒ"‚'(„–Š!}'^«'”‚†'#ƒ‚“†k‡†! ‡‚„ ¨x†%ˆ}æ+ 2 (¨Üƒ"[  + 2 +[¨?‡†!†!(¢}'xƒ‚„ŽŠ!”ŠDŽ'„–ŠÞŠ!„ ŠDŒ1Ž}0, ƒ"„Ž' 2 ˜»ƒk„Žˆn‡†%(„–Šƒ"†s‡e~.”äƒ"“†*‡}'"÷? '(e„Ž°šN„Ž«'Œ‚†C+'Š'# }0€‡¸“1}xˆ\}8ˆ„Ž«'1}0ƒ"Œ‚†M'¤  } }0Ž'«Þƒ"“†nŠ!x}'ˆƒ\0ô݉^Œ‚'(¶† ûšN„Ž«'Œ‚! † ü 2 óݓ„–ˆMŠD„Ž‚Š!ŒŽ}0ƒ"„Ž'ä„–ˆM'((¶xˆ"„ ƒ"†kƒ‚¸ƒ‚“1}ƒ'~, ˆ"†!‚¨'†%‡Ï~\ ” `Q± &!e \  \ / +> #]}01‡Ùn}”*~¶†k‡Œ†ƒ‚ ƒ"“1†nŒ1ˆ†n'ô݈"„Ž«'n}8ŠD'‡„Ž1}ƒ‚†%ˆ©ˆ„Ž1Š!†k}Tˆ"'Œƒ"“ø—}'‚‡¸þ1ø }0Ž'1«Ýƒ"“†—ŠDx}xˆ-ƒ'ô¥G'"ƒ"Œ«.}0„–ˆ]}0–ˆ"A¨„Žˆ"„ ~1 †^„Ž©ƒ"“1†‹‚†%ˆƒ"„Ž« ˆƒ"}ƒ"„ €Š%}ƒ"„Ž'ÞŠ!}'ˆ"†'#}'1‡R„ŽÞŠ!x}'‚ˆ"†D,G}01! ‡ 1†!,ž«x"„–‡kõAxƒ‚“ ö ƒ"–}0.ƒ‚„ŽŠŠ!' 1«xŒ}ƒ"„Ž'€ˆ]'^ ô ¥Ú‰‹» ù I %!*  /x / +2 `raI c38:[" Ý"0s  /'/ = »2 ˜™8ƒ"“1†Q(‚†%ˆ"†!.ƒA‚†!«'„Ž'€}0ŠDx 1«', Œ}ƒ‚„ xÜ„ ä(€}0"ƒ"„–ŠDŒ–}0s#Nƒ"“„–ˆI‡„Žˆ‚ŠD‚†!(1}'1ŠD”Ù}ƒ‡†!(ƒ‚“?Š!}' “1}'‚‡Ž”R~¶†IŠ!'(¶†!1ˆ‚}ƒ‚†%‡Þô ' ~.”Þ†!„ ƒ"“†%Aƒ‚“†Q–}0‚«'†% ”k(€}'ˆ, ˆ"„ ¨x†Ýˆ"†! ô ,™}'‡}'(ƒ"„Ž«\ˆxŒƒ"“1†!‚Ix(€†%M~¶'Œ11‡}0‚”=xGƒ"“†Aˆ"Œ", ô}'Š!†8ô 'ŠD„Ž«Ùø“„ŽŠ“°n}0„ŽŽ”¹}0ý¶†sŠƒ‚ˆMƒ‚“†*–}”'†%‚ˆI Š%}ƒ"†s‡ }0~¶¨'† ƒ"“1†\}'"÷x†%‡Rƒ"“†%"ŠDŽ„Ž† 2. †' †º¹ŸŽ9–Y•”#”„¢5¼<’ ½Œ>•¸9Œ›¬™H—„˜ š”7•‘B—7Ž9–‰—7–‰‘|ŠŒ ·–5‘BŒ,¸¢^Œ¤¹ŸŽ–Œ ª—”©ø—}”F0ô€}'=„Žxƒ‚"‡Œ€Šƒ"„Ž'Qƒ"Fˆ†sŠƒ"„Ž'H1  #sƒ"“1†]%X '1}' Ž”., }0€‡=}0Œ1}' Ž”.,»}¨x†!}0«x†%‡A‡†%x†!‚„–‡„ x1}0x¨'†% ŠD„ ƒ-”1  †!–‡. „–ˆn(‚†%ˆ"†!.ƒ"†s‡e}0ƒÞ‡„ ý¶†%"†%.ƒRŽ}0ƒ"„ ƒ"Œ1‡†%ˆn„ŽvšN„ «xŒ"† &12 ª—†!, Žø¢ƒ"“†\}'«'†!.ˆ-ƒ‚"x(“„–ŠAˆ"Œô}xŠD†©‰^÷n}0ÞŽ}”x†!s#'ƒ‚“„Žˆª€«'Œ‚† n}”~€†©ŠDxM(€}0‚†%‡nø„ ƒ"“Rƒ"“

(57) † X!x1}0Ž ”.,™}¨'†%‚}'«'†%‡M}0~€ˆx Œƒ‚† «'†%xˆƒ"‚'(“1„ŽŠG¨x†!ŽŠ!„ÿƒ-

Références

Télécharger maintenant ( PDF - 30 Page - 1.67 MB )

Documents relatifs

Recent trends in the recurrence of North-Atlantic Atmospheric Circulation Patterns

Recent trends in the recurrence of North-Atlantic Atmospheric Circulation Patterns9. Pascal Yiou, Julien Cattiaux, Aurélien Ribes, Robert Vautard,

Diagnosing the Annual Cycle of the Equatorial Undercurrent in the Atlantic Ocean from a General Circulation Model

This diagnostic approach suggests that two different dynamical regimes shape up the EUC seasonal cycle: in summer and autumn, local forcing by the equatorial zonal wind component

Ocean circulation causes the largest freshening event for 120 years in eastern subpolar North Atlantic

d –g schematic summary of atmospheric and oceanic processes that impact the salinity and freshwater content of the subpolar region; d the mean pattern of windstress curl in 2005

Atlantic Water properties and circulation north of Svalbard in a changing Arctic

The mixed layer in the Arctic Ocean is composed of cold and fresh waters, close to the freezing temperature, called the Polar Surface Water (Figure 1.9).. In the Canadian Basin,

A model study of the seasonality of sea surface temperature and circulation in the Atlantic North-eastern Tropical Upwelling System

(A) Total oceanic trend (shading, ◦ C.month −1 ), and mixed layer depth (MLD, black contours, m), (B) trend associated with vertical processes (sum of vertical advection,

A DFT study of the role of water in the rhodium-catalyzed hydrogenation of acetone

In addition, the presence of water molecules may assist proton transfer processes by reducing the energy of transition structures corresponding to processes of

Diagnosing and mitigating market power in Chile's electricity industry

Even though both firms would still be able to exercise a certain degree of market power, the divestiture of Firm 1’s assets, either thermal or hydro storage plants, would turn

A distributed scheduling algorithm for quality of service support in multiaccess networks

fairness in the checkout lines of a supermarket from the shopper's perspective. Fairness to the packet is equivalent to fairness to the user if we assume that users