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Minh Quan Le
To cite this version:
Minh Quan Le. Research on nanodelivery systems for nasal vaccine. Human health and pathology.
Université de Lille, 2018. English. �NNT : 2018LILUS020�. �tel-02079752�
Université Lille Droit et Santé Ecole doctorale Biologie-Santé de Lille
THESE
Pour l’obtention du grade de
DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITE DE LILLE Discipline : BIOMOLECULES, PHARMACOLOGIE,
THERAPEUTIQUE
Présentée et soutenue publiquement par
Minh Quan LE
Le 25
thOctobre 2018
RESEARCH ON NANODELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR NASAL VACCINE
Composition du jury:
Rapporteurs :
Pr Chantal PICHON: Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans Dr Emmanuel GARCION : Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie, Université d’Angers
Examinateurs :
Pr Isabelle DIMIER-POISSON:Laboratoire d’immunologie parasitaire, Université de Tours Dr François TROTTEIN: Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille - Institute Pasteur de Lille Pr Philippe CHAVATTE: INSERM - UMR 995, Université de Lille
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ... 2
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ... 5
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ... 7
ABBREVIATIONS ... 8
LIST OF FIGURES ... 9
LIST OF TABLES ... 10
AIM AND OUTLINE OF THE THESIS ... 11
ABSTRACT ... 14
RÉSUMÉ ... 16
RÉSUMÉ DE LA THÈSE ... 18
PART I: INTRODUCTION ... 29
1. Nanoparticle based drug delivery system ... 30
1.1. Endocytosis of nanoparticles ... 30
1.2. Parameters affecting endocytosis ... 31
1.2.1. Surface chemistry of nanoparticle ... 31
1.2.2. Size of the nanoparticle ... 33
1.2.3. Effect of nanoparticle’s charge ... 34
1.3. Examples of nanoparticle as drug delivery system in clinics ... 34
1.4. Conclusion ... 36
PUBLICATION 1: NANOTECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS FOR MUCOSAL VACCINE 38
2. Influenza and vaccination ... 61
2.1. Influenza virus ... 61
2.1.1. Influenza virology ... 61
2.1.2. Mechanism of replication ... 62
2.2. Influenza vaccines ... 63
2.2.1. Conventional vaccine against influenza ... 63
2.2.1.1. Inactivated influenza vaccines ... 63
2.2.1.2. Live-Attenuated influenza Vaccines ... 65
2.2.2. Strategies for influenza vaccines ... 66
2.2.2.1. Adjuvants for influenza vaccine ... 66
2.2.2.2. Nucleic acid influenza vaccines ... 67
2.2.2.3. Universal influenza vaccines ... 70
2.3. Intranasal universal influenza vaccine – UniVac Flu Project ... 70
PART II: RESULTS ... 74
PUBLUCATION 2: RESIDENCE TIME AND UPTAKE OF ZWITTERIONIC NANOPARTICLES IN THE NASAL MUCOSA: COMPARISION WITH ANIONIC AND CATIONIC NANOPARTICLES ... 76
PUBLICATION 3: ZWITTERIONIC NANOPARTICLES ARE MORE EFFICIENT
VECTORS FOR PROTEIN DELIVERY INTO NASAL MUCOSAL CELLS THAN
CATIONIC OR ANIONIC NANOPARTICLES ... 104
PUBLICATION 4: ZWITTERIONIC NANOPARTICLES CARRYING CTA1-DD ADJUVANT INDUCE PROTECTION FROM VIRUS INFECTION AND
TRANSMISSION ... 123
PART III: DISCUSSION ... 140
PART IV: CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES ... 150
Bibliography ... 152
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I would like to thank my supervisor, Professor Didier Betbeder for giving me the opportunity to carry out my research in nanomedicine group. Didier kindly taught me the knowledge about nanomaterials which I never learn before. Didier’s resilience and passion is inspirational and contagious!
Besides my advisor, I would like to thank all the members of the jury for accepting being part of my thesis committee and for evaluating this work.
I would like to thank the funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013/ under REA grant agreement n°607690. I also thank the funding from Vaxinano for my last year thesis.
Thanks Dr. Rodolphe Carpentier for his support and tolerance of my bad behavior. He has always pulled through for me despite my ridiculous requests and I would not be here if he hadn’t.
Next, I would like to thank my lab family (both past and present). My thesis was built on the shoulders of everyone in the lab and this would not have been possible if it weren’t for them.
Specially thank to Clement and Amelie who supported me to do experiments from the first day I came here. I also thank Beatrice, Florian, Francois, Norhane and Hafssa for their assistance, encouragement and friendship.
I wish to express my appreciation to Professor Dimier-Poisson for her presence during these years and for hosting me in her laboratory. I also wish to thank all the UMR1282 of the University Francois Rabelais of Tours, especially Céline Ducournau and Dr Isabelle Lantier for the productive collaboration.
I would like to express my thanks also to all the members of the UniVacFlu group, especially to the Professor Peter Staheli, but also to Liang Ye for kindly hosting me in their laboratory in Freiburg, Germany. I also thanks to Valentina Bernasconi and other students for the work done on the European project.
I would like to thank Michael Howsam for proofreading the publications.
Finally, I would like to thank my family for giving me the safe haven to return to. It hasn’t
been easy but as a family, we’ve endured and overcome numerous obstacles. I thank my parents
for always listen to me when I faced to difficulties. To my husband Tan, thank you for always beside me during these 3 years. Your comprehension, encouragement and useful advices were very important to me. For my sister Hong Quan, thank for your support, encouragement and your time to help me take care my little daughter. Nothing can be comparable to your precious time. Lastly, thank to my little Minh Anh for coming and giving me the power to overcome all trouble during these years.
I wish to acknowledge also the members of the Vaxinano with whom I shared the daily life in
the laboratory. To Malak, Marie and Caroline thanks for the nice moments together.
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS
Residence time and uptake of porous and cationic maltodextrin-based nanoparticles in the nasal mucosa: comparison with anionic and cationic nanoparticles. Le et al; Int J Pharm.
2018 Aug 29.
Porous nanoparticles with self-adjuvanting M2e-fusion protein and recombinant hemagglutinin provide strong and broadly protective immunity against influenza virus infections. Bernasconi et al; Front. Immunol, 2018 Aug 21.
Porous and cationic maltodextrin nanoparticles are more efficient vectors for protein delivery into nasal mucosal cells than cationic or anionic nanoparticles. Le et al; Int J Pharm,
Revision.
Porous and cationic maltodextrin nanoparticles carrying CTA1-DD adjuvant induce protection from virus infection and transmission. Le et al; submitted.
Review: Nanotechnology solutions for mucosal vaccine. Le et al; Submitted.
ABBREVIATIONS
(except of publications)
CME clathrin-mediated endocytosis CavE caveolin-mediated endocytosis BSA bovine serum albumin
PEG polyethylene glycol
PLGA poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Tf transferrin
EGF epidermal growth factor LDL low-density lipoprotein DOX doxorobucin hydrochloride HA hemagglutinin
NA neuraminidase
IIV inactivated influenza vaccine LAIV live attenuated influenza vaccine WIV whole inactivated virus vaccines TIV trivalent inactivated vaccine QIV quadrivalent inactivated vaccine NK cells natural killer cells
CT cholera toxin
MHC major histocompatibility complex
LIST OF FIGURES
(except of publications)
Figure 1: Representation of several types of nanoparticles used in biomedical applications .. 30 Figure 2: Schematic presentation of endocytosis mechanisms ... 31 Figure 3: Schematic representation of surface modified liposomes. ... 33 Figure 4: Schematic presentation of Influenza A virus. Hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase
(NA), matrix protein 2 (M2), matrix protein 1 (M1), nucleoprotein (NP) and others ribonucleoproteins (PB1, PB2 and PA). Eight native-senses RNA lay in the capsid.
Nulear export protein (NEP). ... 62 Figure 5: Influenza virus replication mechanism ... 63 Figure 6: Schematic presentation of composition and spatial organization of WIV, split,
subunit and virosome vaccines (Hagenaars et al. 2008) ... 65 Figure 7: Crystal structure of cholera toxin. The heterodimeric CTA protein subunit (blue) is
composed of CTA1 and CTA2. The cholera toxin B subunit is composed of five identical polypeptide subunit chains (yellow, purple, red, orange, and turquoise), each with membrane receptor GM1ganglioside binding capacity (Odumosu et al. 2010). ... 71 Figure 8. Adjuvanted antigen CTA1-3M2e-DD. The fusion protein is composed by three
parts: the adjuvant CTA1, subunit A1 of the cholera toxin; the antigen M2e, extracellular
domain of the conserved porous channel of influenza A and a targeting portion DD,
dimer of the D fragment of the staphylococcal protein A. ... 72
Figure 9: Characterization of the formulations by Native-PAGE ... 147
LIST OF TABLES
(except of publications)
Table 1: Selected synthetic materials for mRNA vaccines………..69
Table 2: Size and zeta potential of protein antigens, nanoparticles and of the formulation (antigen:NPL). Nanoparticles were mixed with antigens at a ratio of the antigen:NPL (1:5, w/w). Size and zeta potential are measured in triplicate by dynamic light scattering on a zetasizer. PDI: Polydispersity index. Results represented by mean data. ... 146
Table 3: Protein loading efficiency by NPL ... 147
AIM AND OUTLINE OF THE THESIS
Aim of the thesis
This thesis was performed under the supervision of Professor Didier Betbeder, head of the laboratory of Nanomedicine. This laboratory is part of the group of Therapeutic Innovation Targeting Inflammation of the INSERM unit LIRIC-UMR 995 of the University of Lille, France.
The work was a part of the project UniVacFlu, financed by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007/2013, part of the People Programme, Marie Skłodowska- Curie Actions. This International Training Network focuses on the development of a mucosal universal Influenza vaccine.
The UniVacFlu project is coordinated by Professor Nils Lycke from the University of Gothenburg. The aim of this project is to develop a universal influenza vaccine. UniVac Flu project used the adjuvanted and targeted the conserved antigen M2 as a construction: CTA1- 3M2e-DD. This antigen contains three parts: the non-toxic cholera toxin subunit A as the vaccine adjuvant, the extracellular portion M2e as the universal flu antigen, and the dimer of the D fragment of the staphylococcal protein A for targeting B cells. Therefore, to optimize the mucosal vaccine efficacy we combined CTA1-3M2e-DD with the nanoparticle technology.
This vaccine was evaluated for the induction of protective immunity after intranasal administration and we addressed the protection from influenza virus transmission (the process by which influenza viruses spread between mice) with Pr. Peter Staeheli and co-workers, from the University of Freiburg.
We also investigated the oral administration of the nanoparticle vaccine in collaboration with Maria Rescigno et al., form the European Institute of Oncology in Milan. The immune response of antigen loaded nanoparticle through intradermal vaccination was investigated by Linda Klavinskis and co-workers, from the University of King’s college London.
In our laboratory, we compared different nanocarriers to find the best candidate for intranasal influenza vaccine.