• Aucun résultat trouvé

Artefacts de susceptibilité magnétique en IRM. Étude du problème de magnétostatique et simulation numérique.

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "Artefacts de susceptibilité magnétique en IRM. Étude du problème de magnétostatique et simulation numérique."

Copied!
221
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

HAL Id: tel-01227524

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01227524

Submitted on 11 Nov 2015

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Artefacts de susceptibilité magnétique en IRM. Étude du problème de magnétostatique et simulation

numérique.

Stéphane Balac

To cite this version:

Stéphane Balac. Artefacts de susceptibilité magnétique en IRM. Étude du problème de magnéto- statique et simulation numérique.. Analyse numérique [math.NA]. Université de Rennes 1, 1997.

Français. �tel-01227524�

(2)

"!

#%$&#(')

!

##

*,+-.0/2143576,/98(-,+;:,<8=1?>+@*9+BAC+;/2/D+E<F8

GIHKJ

HKLM)N#O'QP

RTS,UWVYXIZ[S\Z]S2^E_`babc]d;e?^;cgfihjd;klnmc[e;oKla\pcq^cFec]k;k;c"orl

s2tvu%wyxt,s\z&u%{ |}~zYu%w€‚I&ƒ"u„…Q…Q†ywˆ‡z&u%wyxtWƒ

GQ‰

Š‹Œ

Ž"‘’”“ŽB•

.03–.˜—

™štWƒnu%w7uQuv‘›&‡{Q œ‡O{Qs\zYu{|},z&u%w€‚Q›žtItQ&ƒ

|

Ÿb‡Mx†7 xv‡Mux z&†7¡s\zYu%{ |},zYuwˆKQ&ƒb¢†šQ&ƒNu

£‘¤¦¥–¤¦›¢¤v‘s\z&u%{ |=},zYuwˆKQ&ƒ

§©¨ˆ§]ª[«r¬"«0­K®\§]¯¢°«²±&«©³

´,µK¶O·¸v¹»ºQ¶N¼¾½i·¿¼KÀ©¼KºK·&Á"¶Â%ÃvÂnĈÂN¶[Å·\Æg¹ÈÇ»É2Å·‚¶%ÂnÊQÀ"·Ë·vÉÍÌÎ,ÏÑÐ

Å

·v¶À[½©·F½»ÀÒÁ"µ=ÓiÃvÄKÔ·vÆÕ·¿½i·gÆF¹Qǻɾŷv¶Ó²¼K¶¹¶ÂNÊIÀÖ·

·‚¶‘¼KÂnÆFÀ]Ĉ¹¶%ÂnÓ»É×ÉØÀ[ÆÙÅ·‚µKÂNÊIÀÖ·WÚ

Û

xQutvQ¢†7¢ÜKݑtQx&ÞK}rßQ ‘=‚Ý¡Þz&tu†ˆz˜àbx}0}0wˆƒƒNwyxtᦟ"âIzY}0t

ã©ä"å¢æWä ±¨ˆ§©¨ ä"ç ¬"è2éè]ªê³

ë˜ì ë2íî”ìnïnðòñôó õbóöKöð&ìnïn÷øKì

ë˜ì ùí‚î úNûvüð&ø ýþvóÿvóïN÷øKì

ë˜ì íØóMñð ýþvóÿvóïN÷øKì

ë˜ì ë2í [ðšïó÷%ñ ýþvóÿvóïN÷øKì

ë˜ì îíëKðYï ýþvóÿvóïN÷øKì

ë˜ÿ¢÷ "íKõð&øþ õbóöKöð&ìnïn÷øKì

ë˜ì ;ívú%÷ õbóöKöð&ìnïn÷øKì

(3)
(4)

ñ šï ïnøKïü÷¢õ"÷(úNûK÷ìúNûK÷¢ëáóòïnû÷ÿóòï &øK÷ü÷¢õ"÷ šð&ø Öñôóü ìn÷(ú%ï ð ~üøiìnðˆ÷ š÷øKì óKì ÷%ñ

ØóMñð&í÷žñø šøbïNì÷ [ìn÷(ú%ð nóïbövð&øKì š÷ –ú%ð š÷ ¦ñ š÷ Ö÷vú%ð&øKìó&÷ÿE÷ï Ö÷ïbövð&øKìÖñ÷šð

ó!Y÷(ú ñ÷YøK÷%ñ jñ©ó šø!©ÿ¢ðïNìó"!=ó ¦ñTí

÷ï ÷ #ó÷%þKöKì ÿ¢÷ì;ïnð&øKïn÷‘ÿóYìóï ïnøvü÷$ó0ë0ó&üKóÿE÷ Kìó &%ú%ðš÷¡õ ðYøþ 'ó˜ë˜ð ÷øKì¢ëyúNûK÷%ñ

î–ìnïNðñyó¢÷ï(óë˜ð ÷øKì ”ð&ÿ YøK÷ vú%÷ böð&øKìó"!&ðì óYúú%÷öKï)÷;ü*÷ïnìN÷”ñ÷ žìóöKöð&ìnïn÷øKì ”ü÷

ÿóïnû+÷ š÷&í,÷¢ìn÷ÿE÷ìú ÷-÷óMñ÷ÿ¢÷ïë˜ð ÷øKì;ù'!Y÷ îúnûvüð&ø+ ©ë˜ð ÷øKì¢ë0óìnï [ðšïó÷%ñØ÷ï

ërð ÷øKì–î ñyó áë Kð&ï'Yø»ðï÷.!&ðYøñø*÷ïnìN÷–ÿ¢÷ÿKìn÷üø0/ øKì1&í

]÷"ïnìó"!=ó ¦ñ 2 nú%ì ï]üKó ²ñ÷–úóYüìn÷büø ”ìnð&øKö÷ÿ¢÷ï©ü3ï÷ì*÷ï54ú ÷ï 768YøK÷:9 ;<4=+>@?ABDCFEHG

IKJ

?LC)M"N

OPG

I

EQCR7R7?TS)M

IKU

ü÷ñ WV !&÷ì ï÷¢ü÷õ"÷ YX;÷ï(ó‘ú%÷¢ïïnìN÷óZ÷ï÷÷W÷(ú%ïnø÷÷,ú%ðñ¦ñyóvðYìóï ðDó"!&÷(ú

ñ÷9ñyóvðYìóïnðìn÷2ü÷¾õD÷ šðvóvú%÷2ëáó ÷ï YøK÷0÷\[ ðñð÷2÷ïáë÷(ü÷(ú K÷2÷ïñ÷,ñyóð&ìóïNðìn÷Dü÷

[ ð&ÿ‘óï÷ì ôóòøþ÷(4ïn÷^] š÷øþWí_ò÷bï÷ `ó”ìn÷ÿ¢÷ìú ÷ì]ë˜÷ ÷øKì ”ø ØóòïnûK÷%ñ K÷(óòø+ F&ó&ú2YøK÷ ”÷

]÷ìnïó "÷ï;÷(ó.aQ÷(ú%÷ìQ< &óñ ðYì K÷ü÷ú%÷öKìnðb/ ÷ï öð&øKì"ñ ï÷ì*÷ïYø+¦ñ ðïbú%ðï øK÷%ñ¦ñ÷ÿ¢÷ï

ÿó7€÷ ï)÷öð&øKìbÿ¢ðïNìó"!=ó ¦ñTí

ý c6 + /š÷üð v÷(óøvú%ðYøKödóe4&ï÷öKûvóK÷([[÷(óøKÿ¢ðïfYøØÿ#óDTó ï ÷÷6Iú ÷ìü÷ ;ó&ú2Yøü÷šð

ïnìó"!=ó ¦ñ–ü÷ïnû+÷ š÷ øKìñ÷ ‘óìnïn÷Tó&ú%ï ü÷ šø nú%÷öKï ¦ñï)÷0ÿó ÷ï YøK÷÷ï.ó[[ì yú%÷ ]ûvóø!Y÷%ñg&ø–ó

ì)÷(óMñ c÷h ÷ïnìn÷óòøKïnìn÷h Yñ÷ b÷%þKö÷ì ÿ¢÷ïóï ð õbë öKì)÷ š÷ï÷÷ ØüKó bú%÷ïnïn÷ïnû+÷ š÷&í

(5)
(6)

8 V©Z

V&S! #"SV&S XQV S%$ 3 S'&]V(]R "S! ÕS0Z]S' ÕXQU >

S *) X ,+ [S -*-

. /1032

46574!8:97;69=<?>*8A@CBED

0

>GFIHKJ4:LM4

.ON

X&íX aQ÷

ýYøvóï ð bü÷”ñ Q÷%ñ÷(ú%ïnìnð&ÿó ÷ï šÿE÷ PQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X=S

X&íXYíX aQ÷ ,÷Yøvóï ð bü÷ë0óMþ6T"÷%ñ¦ñ»övð&øKìÖñ÷ ÿ¦ñ÷øþ~ú%ðï ø UPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X=S

X&íXYíWV aQð”ü÷ú%ð&ÿEövð&ìnïN÷ÿ¢÷ïPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X7X

X&íXYíWS ]ðvü ï ð ”ü÷ïNìó šÿ ð P1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X=Y

X&íWV ©ìNð&öKì ÷ï ÷ ©ÿó ÷ï YøK÷ bü÷”ñyó¢ÿ‘óï ÷ìn÷ZPQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X=[

X&íWV‚íX î ÿ‘óï%óï ðvüøïn÷\PQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X=[

X&íWV‚íWV ]bì K÷¢üørÿó ÷ï šÿE÷ ü÷žñôóÿóï ÷ìN÷P1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X=[

X&íWV‚íWS ©ñyó 6Iúóòï ð,ü÷ "ÿ¦ñ ÷øþDó ÿó ï÷ 'PQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X=[

X&íWS ë˜ð ü@÷%ñ Nóï ðrüøröKìNðñ÷ÿ¢÷]PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X=^

X&íWS‚íX KðYìnÿ;øñôóòï ðrüøröKìnð ñ÷ÿ¢÷_PQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X=^

X&íWS‚íWV ` öð&ïnû+÷ ÷ ÿ¢öñ76Iúóïnìyú%÷ P1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP X=a

X&íWS‚íWS ©ìNðñ÷ÿ¢÷(ó;ì÷ šð&øvüìN÷bPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]VX

X&ícX V öKìnðñ÷ÿ¢÷;ü÷ÿó÷ïnðšï%óï &øK÷üøK÷(ó¢ü÷ ”ú%ð&øKìóï "ü÷ øKìQ óYú%÷dPQPRPQPQP1PQP]VV

X&ícXíX KðYìnÿ;øñôóòï ðövð&øKì ñ vüøvú%ï ð0ÿó÷ï &øK÷eP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]VV

X&ícXíWV a ðYö÷ìóïN÷øKìÖü 7 ÷ìN÷ï ÷%ñ ü !&÷ì &÷vú%÷ šøKì ó&ú YøK÷fPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]VV

X&ícXíWS õ"÷%ñyóï ð,ü÷ú%ðï øï÷gPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]VS

X&ícXícX

ý©ïNøvü÷üøröKìNðñ÷ÿ¢÷ü÷”ñyóEÿó÷ïnðšïóòï &øK÷EP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]VhX

i j > 0

LkB*Hl;69=<?>*8

2

46H

2

4!Lm4!8:9Rno8p<oDq>*B

0

H?4rDq>!974:8!9=<l46HsLM;6t*8

2

4O9=<vuqBG4r5xwh;:H?;:<

0 4

i:y

VKíX ©ìNðñ÷ÿ¢÷ bóòøþñÿïn÷ övð&øKì ñ÷övðYïn÷ï ÷%ñÿó÷ï &øK÷1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]V{z

VKíXYíX ©ìN÷ÿ÷ì–öKìnð ñ÷ÿ¢÷óøþ‘ñ ÿ ïN÷ ”övð&øKì"ñ÷övð&ïn÷ï ÷%ñ©ÿó÷ï &øK÷|PQPQP1PQP]V{z

VKíXYíWV 4&÷(ú%ðvü öKìnðñ÷ÿ¢÷;óøþ‘ñÿïn÷ övðYøKìbñ÷öð&ïn÷ï ÷%ñ»ÿó ÷ï YøK÷mPRPQPQP1PQP]Va

VKíXYíWS ]bìüìn÷;ü÷ &ì%óvü÷øKì–ü÷”ñ ÷ìnìn÷øKìüóöKöKìNð(þÿóï ð PRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]S}

VKíWV ©ìNð&öKì ÷ï ÷ ]üø˜övð&ïn÷ï÷%ñ»ÿó ÷ï YøK÷ núóMñyó ìn÷|P1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]SX

VKíWV‚íX õD÷&øñyóì ï÷üøöð&ïn÷ï ÷%ñ ÿ‘ó÷ï YøK÷~PQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]SX

VKíWV‚íWV ]ð&ÿEövð&ìnïN÷ÿ¢÷ï”óQÿ¢öKïnð&ï YøK÷üøövð&ïN÷ï ÷%ñ©ÿó÷ï &øK÷PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]ShX

VKíWS õD÷(üøvú%ï ð ó;ø öKìNðñ÷ÿ¢÷÷0üð&ÿó ð&ì ÷P1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]S^

VKíWS‚íX ]ðvü ï ð,óøþ‘ñÿïn÷ øKì"ñyó ˆìnðï ÷ìn÷óìnï 6Iú ÷%ñ¦ñ÷mPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQP]S^

(7)

IcIKU IKJ IKU

VKíWSKíV aQ÷öKìNðñ÷ÿ¢÷öðc÷÷rüðYÿó ð&ì ÷ PQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPXO}

VKícX ý šï ÿ‘óï ðrü÷ñ ÷ìNìn÷øKì–ü÷ïNìnðvúóïnøKìN÷PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPXOS

VKícXvíX V ñ÷ÿ¢ÿ¢÷ PQPQPRPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPXOS

VKícXvíV ý šï ÿ‘óï ðövð vú%ïnøK÷%ñ¦ñ÷‘ü÷ñ ÷ìnìn÷øKì P1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPXX

VKícXvíS ý šï ÿ‘óï ðrü÷ñ ÷ìNìn÷øKì–öð&øKì"ñyó Kð&ìnÿ¢÷ü÷”ñ Q÷K÷ì ÷PQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX6z

VKíWY î vó=ñð ÷ó"!&÷(ú”ø öKìnðñ ÷ÿ¢÷ü÷ïnûK÷ìNÿ¢ð ú%ð vüøvú%ï ðáüKó Öø šðñyü÷;ì yü÷ PRPQP]YX

VKíWYKíX aQ÷öKìNðñ÷ÿ¢÷ü÷ïnûK÷ìnÿ¢ðKú%ðvüøvú%ï ð PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]YX

VKíWYKíV ë ÷÷ ÷2! yü÷vú%÷¢ü÷”ñóvóMñð÷PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]YX

VKíW[ ØóMñyú%øñ üø˜övð&ïn÷ï ÷%ñ»övóìÖñôóEÿ÷ïnûKð ü÷ü÷ ,÷%ñ÷ÿ¢÷ï 56 b÷ï ÷ šï ÿóï ðrü÷ìnìn÷øKì YV

VKíW[KíX ý šövóYú%÷ –üóòöKöKìnðMþÿóï ð PQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]YV

VKíW[KíV aQ÷öKìNðñ÷ÿ¢÷óöKöKìNð úNû÷ PRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]YY

VKíW[KíS ý šï ÿ‘óï ðrü÷ìnìN÷øKì PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]Y[

VKíW[KíX î üKóòöKïóï ðrüø˜ÿó ¦ñ¦ñôó &÷_PQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP][}

N j > 0

LkBpH?;69=<?>*8 <8:9

2

4{t

0

;:H?4rDq>B

0

Hl<8p@3B*wh9=<l>8LM;6t*8

2

4O9=<vuqBG4 R;:Hw{B*Hv5~;G8 ;:H*9=<vuqBG4 5

Dq>*B

0

BI8EDq> H 4J @ 0 4

SKíX Kð&ìNÿøñyóï ð ï÷&ìóMñ÷övðYøKì"ñ÷úNûvóÿ¢öÿó ÷ï YøK÷\PQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP][Y

SKíWV Kð&ìNÿøñyóï ð ï÷&ìóMñ÷övðYøKì"ñ vüøvú%ï ð0ÿó÷ï &øK÷P1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP][{z

SKíWVKíX Kð&ìNÿøñ÷;ü÷ìn÷öKì÷ ÷ïóòï ð ï÷YìóMñ÷ PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP][{z

SKíWVKíV ï÷ì*÷ïØü÷žñyó ˆð&ìnÿ;øñ÷ü÷ìn÷öKì÷ š÷ï%óï ð ï÷&ìó=ñ÷QPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP][^

SKíWS 4&ïnìóï÷÷ü÷úóMñyú%øñiü÷žñ vüøvú%ï ð áÿ‘ó÷ï YøK÷PRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP][^

SKícX ØóMñyú%øñ óvó=ñï YøK÷ü÷ñ vüøvú%ï ð0ÿó ÷ï YøK÷mPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP z}

SKícXvíX ”÷ nú%ì öKï ð0ü÷ñyó¢ÿ÷ïnûKðKü÷ZPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP z}

SKícXvíV .÷(ú%ð&ÿEövðï ðrüø0üð&ÿó K÷;üï÷&ìóï ð PQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP zFX

SKícXvíS ØóMñyú%øñ]ü÷”ñ ï÷&ìóMñ÷övðYøKìbñ÷ ”ü÷øþ¡öKìn÷ÿ ÷ìn÷ ”ú%ð&ÿ¢övðnóïn÷ EP1PQPQPRPQP z=X

SKícXvíX ØóMñyú%øñ]ü÷”ñ ï÷&ìóMñ÷övðYøKìbñyó;ïnìNð÷ÿ¢÷ú%ð&ÿEövðnó ïn÷ PQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP z[

SKícXvíY aWóEöKìnð úH÷(üøKìn÷ü÷úóMñyú%øñ]ü÷ñ ï÷&ìó=ñ÷ PQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP za

1;:Hvw{BpH 8*BIL

2

4 0

<vuqBG4]@*4 Hl< 8*@CB*wh9=<?>*8 LM;6t*8

2

4O9=<vuqBG4 Dq>*B

0

BI8@*>Lm;:<8 4 uqBG46H

wh>*8*uqBG4 .

XvíX î–öKöKìNð(þÿóï ðrü÷žñyó šøKìQTó&ú%÷ PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]^X

XvíX&íX ``övðYïnû÷ š÷ Ö÷ïKð&ïóï ð PQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]^X

XvíX&íV ”÷ nú%ì öKï ð0ü÷ñyó¢ÿ÷ïnûKðKü÷ZPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]^S

XvíWV ý šï ÿ‘óï ðrü÷ñ ÷ìNìn÷øKì–üøK÷ óñóöKöKìnðMþÿóòï ðrü÷ñyó šøKì ó&ú%÷ PQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]^[

XvíWVKíX ý©ìnìN÷øKì–üKó ÖñóöKöKìnðMþÿóòï ðrü÷ñyóKð&ìNÿóMñ÷ P1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]^{z

XvíWVKíV bøK÷%ñ&øK÷ ”ì÷ šøñïóï ïn÷ìnÿ÷(ü ôó ìN÷ kP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]a}

XvíWVKíS

ý©ïnøvü÷;üøïn÷ìnÿ¢÷ZPQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP]aY

XvíWVKíX ë0ó/šð&ìóï ðüøïn÷ìnÿE÷ PQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=} X

XvíWVKíY ý šï ÿ‘óï ðrü÷ñ ÷ìNìn÷øKìgPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=} S

XvíWVKí[ ]ð&ÿ¢öð&ìnïn÷ÿE÷ï–ü÷”ñ ÷ìNìn÷øKì–öð&øKìbø ˜övðïböKìnðKúnûK÷;ü÷ñyó šøKìQTó&ú%÷]PQPRPQPX=} S

XvíWS Vbï nóï ð ø K÷;€ð&ìNÿøñ÷;ü÷:&øvó&üì%óïnøKìn÷ øKÿ÷ì YøK÷P1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=} Y

XvíWSKíX Kð&ìNÿøñ÷;ü÷:&øvó&üì%óïnøKìn÷PRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=} Y

(8)

IcIKU IKJIKU

XvíWS‚íWS ]ð&ÿEövð&ìnïN÷ÿ¢÷ï©ü÷[ñ ÷ìnìn÷øKì©öð&øKì©ø ;övðï©öKìnð úNûK÷bü÷[ñôó øKìQ óYú%÷

Yøvó

&øñyóì ï÷ZPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXbX=V

XvíWS‚ícX ²ìó ïn÷ÿ¢÷ï–ü÷ñyóYYøvó &øñyóì ï÷1PRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXbX=S

XvícX ýþKö÷ì ÷vú%÷ øKÿ ÷ì YøK÷ P1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXbX=Y

XvícXíX V röKìnðñ ÷ÿ¢÷ïn÷ šïZP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXbX=[

XvícXíWV ë š÷÷ ÷2!yü÷vú%÷¢ü÷”ñyó(Yøvó &øñyóì ï÷ PQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXbXhz

XvícXíWS ë š÷÷ ÷2!yü÷vú%÷¢ü÷”ñyóY! ïn÷ š÷ü÷;ú%ðF!Y÷ì &÷vú%÷ PQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXbXhz

XvícXícX

ý©ïNøvü÷ü÷ 7g÷ìn÷ïn÷ @ˆð&ìnÿ;øñ÷ bü÷ &øvó&üì%óïnøKìn÷ PQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXbX=^

*

S:

#"

S! ÕS

XQV

S%$ ©Z

>

SvR

)X

Z]S:)XQV

S XG

) -I-

C;

2

4 5 >*8G;G8pwh4 ;6t8

2

4{9=<u B 4MB*wH

2

4O;:<

0 4

.6i6N

YKíX aQ÷ D÷&øvóòï ð bü÷f[iñðKúnûEPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxVS

YKíXYíX ©ì ö÷ü÷”ñyóõbë PQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxVS

YKíXYíWV aQ÷ ,÷Yøvóï ð bü÷:[iñðKúnû PRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxV[

YKíWV õD÷ šðñøKï ðáü÷ D÷Yøvóï ð bü÷:[iñð úNû P1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxV{z

YKíWV‚íX

ýYøvóï ð ”ü÷:[iñð úNûáüKó Öñ÷ìn÷ö+÷ìn÷”ïnð&øKì vóï PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxV{z

YKíWV‚íWV

ý !YðñøKï ðáü÷žñó ÿóïóï ðróørú%ðYøKì bü÷ñyó;ì÷ šðvó vú%÷ P1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxV^

YKíWV‚íWS

ý !YðñøKï ðáü÷žñó ÿóïóï ðróørú%ðYøKì bü÷ñyó;ìN÷%ñôó=þ‚óï ð P1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxSX

YKíWS ë˜ð ü@÷%ñ Nóï ðrüø K÷F÷YøK÷vú%÷üÿ¢öKøñð PQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxShX

YKíWS‚íX

ý !YðñøKï ðáü÷žñó ÿóïóï ðróørú%ðYøKì büørïN÷ÿ¢ö 1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxSY

YKíWS‚íWV ]bö÷ì%óïn÷øKì–ü÷õD÷ šðvóvú%÷÷ï ]bö÷ì%óïn÷øKìbü÷õ"÷%ñyóMþvóï ð P1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxS[

YKíWS‚íWS ë˜ð ü@÷%ñ Nóï ðáüø c÷&øK÷vú%÷:YøK÷%ñyú%ð &øK÷ PQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxS{z

YKíWS‚ícX 4vóMñ]õbë P1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxS^

YKícX aQ÷

ýYøvóï ð bü÷:[iñðKúnû²ð&ìnìn÷2 PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPX XO}

xLM;6t:4

0

<l4kD;

0 2

4657>*8G;G8*wh4 ;6t*8

2

4O9=<vuqBG4rBpw H 2 4{;:<

0 4 . q.

[KíX aQðKúóMñ nóï ð,üø vóMñ©õbë PQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPX X X

[KíXYíX bø+÷ šïTú%÷fYø+ø &ì%ó&ü ÷ï P1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPX XOV

[KíXYíWV 4 ÷%ñ÷(ú%ï ð0üø röñyó0ü÷ú%ð&øKöv÷ PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPX XOS

[KíXYíWS ]ðKüKó&÷övóìÖñôó ˆì)÷YøK÷vú%÷PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPX XOY

[KíXYícX ]ðKüKó&÷övóìÖñôóEöKûvóš÷ PQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPX XOY

[KíXYíWY ©ì ÷÷áú%ðYÿ¢öKïn÷ü÷”ñ Q÷övó š÷øKì ü÷”ñyó‘ú%ð&øKöv÷MP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPX X6z

[KíWV õ"÷(ú%ð ïnìnøvú%ï ð0ü÷ñ ÿó&÷ PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPX XO^

[KíWV‚íX aQ÷vóMñ&šõbë PQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPX XO^

[KíWV‚íWV ²ìó ˆð&ìnÿóòï ðrü÷ Kð&øKì ÷ìüø vóMñ P1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPX XOa

[KíWV‚íWS aWóEÿ÷ïNûKð ü÷ 4&öDóìnö PQPQP1PQPQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxY}

y >*@

2

46Hv<5 ;69=<l>8 @3BAD

0

>*wh465=5hB*5~@*4kw 032

4{;69=<l>8A@*465~;

0

974;:wh9=5

. .

zíX ]bì K÷¢ü÷ bóìnïN÷ó&ú%ï Øü÷šø nú%÷öKï ¦ñï)÷;ÿó ÷ï YøK÷ P1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxYX

zíWV ý W÷ï "ü÷ KûKð&ÿ¢ð ÷ ÷ ï÷ ]ü÷úNûvóÿ¢öÿ‘ó÷ï YøK÷ P1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxYS

zíWV‚íX #÷ˆð&ìnÿ‘óï ðüøöñôó áü÷ú%ðYøKöv÷ PQPRPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPXxYS

(9)

IcIKU IKJ IKU

zíWS Kð&ìNÿ¢÷ üø vóMñ&šõbë ÷öKì÷ š÷vú%÷ü KûKðYÿ¢ð ÷ ÷ ï÷ iÿó÷ï &øK÷ P1PQPQPRPQPX=Y [

zíWSKíX aWó F÷YøK÷vú%÷ 4&ö

ý]úNûKð PQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=Y [

zíWSKíV aWó F÷YøK÷vú%÷

ý]úNûKðü÷ ”ìó&ü ÷ï PQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=Y z

zíWSKíS Kð&ìNÿ¢÷üø vó=ñ& õbë PRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=Y z

zícX î vó=ñ š÷ÿóïnû÷ÿóï YøK÷ üø˜öKìnð ú%÷ šø bü÷ú%ì÷(óï ðü÷ ”óìnïn÷Tó&ú%ï PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=Y a

zíWY ïn÷ìnöKì÷ïóï ðüøröKìNð ú%÷ ø bü÷ú%ì÷(óï ðü÷ –óòìnïn÷Tó&ú%ï PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=[ S

zíWYKíX šïnð&ì ð ÷ðYÿ ÷ïnì YøK÷ PQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=[ S

zíWYKíV šïnð&ì ð ïN÷ ï)÷ PRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=[ Y

zíW[ ë ÷÷÷2! yü÷vú%÷ü÷ ”óìnïn÷Tó&ú%ï sPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=[ [

zíW[KíX .÷ˆð&ìnÿóòï ð¡üøöñyó0ü÷ú%ð&øKö÷ PQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=[ [

zíW[KíV šïnð&ì ð ÷ðYÿ ÷ïnì YøK÷ PQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPXhzh}

z 4ÿøñyóï ð øKÿ ÷ì YøK÷ü÷ bóòìnïn÷Tó&ú%ï P1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPXhzh}

zíX ”÷ nú%ì öKï ð0ü÷ñyó¢ÿ÷ïnûKðKü÷ZPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPXhzh}

V ©ìn÷ÿ ÷ìóMñ&ð&ì ïNûKÿ¢÷ PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPXhzhV

S 4&÷(ú%ðvüró=ñYð&ìïnûKÿ¢÷ PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPXhzhY

2

465hB*H?97;69=5 8*BIL

2

4 0

<vuqBG4 5

.6y!y

^KíX aQ÷ú%ðKü÷ü÷úó=ñôú%øñ]üørúNûvóÿ¢örÿ‘ó÷ï YøK÷ vüøïePQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPXhz z

^KíWV aQ÷ú%ðKü÷ü÷ ÿ;øñyóï ð0ü÷ –óòìnïn÷Tó&ú%ï P1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=^ }

^KíWS bøK÷%ñ&øK÷ ”÷%þK÷ÿ¢öñ÷ –ü÷ÿ;øñôóòïð_PQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=^ }

^KíWSKíX ýþK÷ÿ¢öñ÷¢ü÷”ñôó ¦ñ¦ñ÷;ÿ÷ïóMñ¦ñ&øK÷ PQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=^ }

^KíWSKíV ýþK÷ÿ¢öñ÷¢üø ÿ¢öñyóïü÷ïó ìn÷ PQP1PQPQPRPQPQP1PQPRPQPQP1PQPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=^ a

—

KR )

-

5xD*;:w4 5 @*4 >GFq> H?4 ;J Dq> <v@q5

.py

G;GLrDLM;6t*8

2

4O9=<vuqBG4m< 8p@3Bp<?9ZD*;

0

uqBG46HuqBG465~t

2

4{>*L

2

4O9

0

<?4 5 D*;

0

9=<vw{BpHv<KJ4

0

465

.

[”íX ]ûvóÿ¢öÿ‘ó÷ï YøK÷ vüøï–övóì ø ¦ñ¦ñ÷Eø ˆð&ìnÿ÷ÿ¢÷ïbó ÿóï)÷÷ZPQP1PQPQPRPQPX=a a

[”íWV ]ûvóÿ¢öÿ‘ó÷ï YøK÷ vüøï–övóì ø áúYñvüìn÷ c6 ‘ø 7€ðYìnÿ÷ÿE÷ïbó ÿóï÷\PIV} }

G;GLrDrLm;6t8

2

4{9=<u B 4~< 8*@CB*<?9 D*;

0

Bq8 <LkDIH?;G8:9QL

2

4{97;:HHv< u B 4 ,>

0 L 2

41D;

0 H ;:5=57>*w<?;69=<?>*8

@ vBq8 D;

0

;GLm;6t8

2

4{9=<u B 4k4{9@ vBq8 @q<?;GLm;6t8

2

4{9=<u B 4

i.

(10)

]÷ïnïn÷”ïnû+÷ š÷–ó÷ï÷šø nú ï÷÷”övóì"ø K÷ú%ðñ¦ñyóvðYìóï ð÷ïnìn÷ ñ÷”ñôó vð&ìóòïnðìn÷ü÷õ(÷ šð vóvú%÷ ë0ó ÷

ï &øK÷”÷,[ ðñð ÷÷ï"ë÷(ü÷(ú K÷–÷ï[ñ Q÷&øöv÷üî vóMñ ÷g øKÿ÷ì YøK÷”÷ïØë÷(úóYøK÷ ü÷ ñ 3 õ ërîõ

9 ï ïnøKïØü÷õ"÷(úNûK÷ìúnûK÷ë0óïnû÷ÿóï YøK÷Öü÷õ"÷ 2 V”ë0õA[[V Yc=»ü÷"ñ WV !Y÷ì ï÷ü÷–õ"÷ ^X&í

]÷"ïnìó"!=ó jñ 2 nú%ì ï]üKó ²ñ÷”úó&üìn÷büø –ìnð&øKö÷ÿ¢÷ï]ü3 ï÷ì*÷ï ÷ï 768YøK÷:9 '<4=+>@?LA BDCFEHG

IKJ

?LC)M"N

OPG

I

EQCR7R7?TS)M

IKU

ú%ì÷8÷bövóìÖñV!&÷ì ï÷ü÷;õ"÷ X&í

a ÿóY÷ì ÷]övóìWì÷ šðvó vú%÷»ÿó ÷ï YøK÷ øvúNñ2÷(ó ìn÷`9 šõbëe=v÷ šïWø K÷©ïN÷(únû YøK÷Öü ÿ‘ó&÷ì ÷]ÿ÷(ü yúóMñ÷

öv÷ìnÿE÷ïnïóïüðKïn÷ì ©ü÷ %ú%ð c!=ó !Y÷÷ï È÷ !Y÷h ü÷ ÿó&÷ üøDú%ð&ìnö žûøKÿó +

ÿE÷ ð K÷%ññy÷ žð&øïnì ÿ¢÷ ð K÷%ñ¦ñy÷ 2 Q÷ï”ü÷ïnì÷ &øvóMñï÷&í

a 3šõbë øKï ¦ñ š÷˜ñ÷,Tó ïY&øK÷rú%÷ìNïó Kðóøþ 9T÷2öKìóï YøK÷h ]ð ï÷ìn÷ š÷šøKìnïNð&øKï¢óø Kðóòø

üûc üìnð ÷K÷”÷rìó ðrü÷ nóïnì÷ &ì%óvü÷óvð vüKóvú%÷üKó Øñ÷ ï šø ðñðYøK÷ =Øöð 2÷(ü÷ï

ø ¢ÿ¢ð&ÿE÷ïÿó÷ï &øK÷&í aWó”ì÷ šðvó vú%÷]ÿó ÷ï YøK÷ øvúNñ ÷(ó ìn÷^9 õbë =Wú%ð šïN÷fóü÷ïn÷(ú%ïN÷ìWñ÷

!=óì ôóòï ð üø2ÿ¢ð&ÿ¢÷ïÿó ÷ï YøK÷ÿ‘ó&ú%ìnðnú%ðYöYøK÷,9T÷vú%ðYìn÷óöKö÷%ñ÷ó ÿóïóï ð =–üKó ø

šø šïó vú%÷ šð&ø iñ ó&ú%ï ðrüø rúNûvóÿ¢ö‘ÿó ÷ï YøK÷ šï%óï &øK÷÷ïbüø K÷ð vü÷$÷%ñ÷(ú%ïnìnð&ÿ‘ó÷ï YøK÷

ü÷,ˆì÷YøK÷vú%÷róöKöKìnðYöKì ÷÷&í 0!=óòì yóï ð ¢üøËÿ¢ð&ÿ¢÷ï¢ÿó ÷ï YøK÷ÿó&ú%ìnðNú%ð&ö&øK÷ šðï ó

ñ ð&ì K÷¢üø vóMñ ‚ñ÷ vó=ñiõbë 8Yø ú%ð&ìNìn÷(ú%ïn÷ÿ¢÷ïïn÷ìnöKì÷ï÷ 9 óñ ó ôü÷¢üø K÷;ïnì%ó ˆð&ì

ÿóï ðrü÷Kð&øKì ÷ì= €ðYøKì ï–ü÷ cˆð&ìnÿóòï ð šøKì"ñyó šø šïó vú%÷$÷ïnøvü 2÷÷&í

ð&øKì"övð&ø!YðìØð Kïn÷ìbø ÿó&÷üø -÷(úNûvóï jñ¦ñð+ ¦ñTóøKï:*÷ïnìn÷ ÷ÿ¢÷ øKìn÷ü÷–ìN÷%ñ÷ì ñ÷ cˆð&ì

ÿóï ð ”ð Kïn÷øK÷ ”÷,óvó=ñ nóï ñ÷ vóMñ©÷ï”ñôó‘öðï ðDú%ðYìnìn÷ šöðvüKóïn÷üKó ñ Q÷(únûvó ï ¦ñ¦ñðWí

îÒñ ð&ì K÷üø &ú%ðKüKó&÷ šövóï ôó=ñEüø vóMñ š÷ïnìNð&ø!&÷ ñôóEìn÷%ñyóï ð0ü÷faWóòìnÿ¢ð&ì;9 !&ð ìÖñôó ˆð&ìnÿ;øñ÷

9 YKíX =<= Yø]ñ÷‘ñyóDˆì÷YøK÷vú%÷üø vóMñÖõbë ?óøDúNûvóÿ¢ö9ÿó÷ï &øK÷ ïóï YøK÷óöKöñ÷¡üKó

ñ ÷(úNûvóï ¦ñjñðWí‘î »÷9øKï ¦ñ ï;ø DúNûvóÿ¢ö,ÿ‘ó÷ï YøK÷Y&ø!=óì ÷‘üø ,övð ï ó¡ñ óøKïnìn÷¢ü÷

ñ ÷(úNûvóï ¦ñjñðrüø K÷; ó %ú%ð öKì÷(ü÷ïn÷ìNÿ÷÷;9 ü÷”ÿó÷ìn÷ ñ÷(ó ìn÷=K ‚ð¡ú%ì÷÷bø K÷ü@÷öv÷vüKóvú%÷÷

ïnìn÷iñôó ˆì)÷YøK÷vú%÷]÷ï²ñyóböKûvó ÷Øüø vóMñvõbë ø K÷]övóòìnï»÷ïÈñôó”öðï ð¢üKó 59Tø K÷Øú%ðYøKöv÷bü÷=Èú%÷ï

÷(úNûvóï ¦ñjñð¢üóòøKïnìn÷]övóòìnï9šú%÷ïnïn÷]ìN÷%ñôóòï ð;÷ šï óòöKöv÷%ñ ÷÷ ! "$# &%'()=íWý ¢ü@÷(ú%ðKüKóï

ñ÷ vó=ñ+9Tövóì]ø K÷”üð&ø ñ÷–ïnì%ó ˆð&ìnÿóï ð ü÷ Kð&øKì ÷ì2= &ð¢öð&øKìnìóó šðKú ÷ì óúNûvóhYøK÷bövðï]ø

ú%÷ìnïó Kð&ÿKìn÷ü÷övóòìóÿ.÷ïnìn÷ ©úóìóYú%ï)÷ì šï YøK÷ "ü÷”ñ ÷(úNûvóï ¦ñjñðe9 ü÷ ï÷ ü÷öKìnðYïnð 2 ïn÷ÿ¢ö

ü÷ìn÷%ñyóMþvóï ð+ P=P=P1=©÷ïbðKïn÷ì”ø ÿóY÷&í

]ð&ÿ¢ÿE÷bðñ÷ ú%ð&%ú%ð ï"ó c÷ÿE÷ï Yïnð&øKïn÷"ö÷ìnïnøKì vóï ð üø¡úNûvóÿ¢öEÿó÷ï &øK÷!=óž÷ïNìó*

*

K÷ì]ø

öv÷ìnïNøKì vóï ð¢ü÷[ñyóìn÷%ñyóï ð;÷ šövóYú%÷L€ì÷&øK÷vú%÷"÷ï]üðvú[ø ;ÿóø!ó ©ú%ð üKó &÷büø vóMñTía ÿóY÷

ðKïn÷øK÷K÷ ÷ìóó=ñðYì bövó –ú%ðcˆð&ìnÿE÷ óñQ÷(úNûvóï jñ¦ñðWí V K÷ïN÷%ñjñ÷¢ö÷ìnïnøKì vóòï ð,ü÷ñ ÿó&÷;÷ šï

óöKöv÷%ñ2÷÷+, "59Tð&øróìNï)÷Tó&ú%ï2=í

ˆñQ÷ šïØüø Nó&÷–ü÷ü šï &øK÷ì[ñ÷ ð&øKìú%÷ ]ü÷”öv÷ìNïnøKì vóï ð [üø¡úNûvóÿ¢öEÿó÷ï &øK÷`Yø šðï

(11)

J

ïnì 2÷YøK÷ ]óòø Q šï÷ÿE÷ØüÿóY÷ì ÷–÷ï]ú%÷%ñ¦ñ÷ `Yø šðïñ ÷÷ 'ó ñyóöKì÷ š÷vú%÷–üø¢övóï ÷ï(í ñø ÷øKì

ïn÷(únû YøK÷ šðïWøKï ¦ñ F÷÷ öð&øKì ú%ðYìnì &÷ìQñ÷ ©óìnïN÷ó&ú%ï +9šü ï , "& &# %&' =

ïnìnðKüøï Wövóìü÷ KûKð&ÿ¢ð _÷÷ ï÷ vüø;únûvóòÿ¢öÿó ÷ï YøK÷]üøK÷ »óòøþ ÿ¢ö÷ìQ€÷(ú%ï ð ©ü÷ »ó ÿó ï

]áö÷øKï–÷W÷(ú%ïnøK÷ì”ø K÷¢ú%ð&ìnìn÷(ú%ï ð rövó !Y÷ óñ ó yü÷¢ü÷öñyóhYøK÷ €÷ìNìnð&ÿó ÷ï YøK÷ / øvü ÷ø š÷

ÿ¢÷ï”ü övðc÷÷ 9 !&ðìX²övóì–÷%þK÷ÿ¢öñ÷=í;]0óóø »ìn÷(ú%ð&øKì :ó;ñ øKï nóï ð ~ü÷ïn÷(úNû YøK÷ ü÷

övðšïˆïnìó ïn÷ÿ¢÷ïüÿó&÷ &ø©ï ÷ K÷ïú%ðYÿ¢öKïn÷ü÷ïn÷%ñ¦ñ÷ KûKð&ÿ¢ð ÷ ÷ ï÷ 9 !&ðìW[hX W^ ^övóì

÷%þ ÷ÿ¢öñ÷=í

©óìnÿWñ÷ šð&øKìú%÷ ”ü÷;öv÷ìnïnøKì vóï ð üø,únûvóòÿ¢örÿó ÷ï YøK÷fYø šðïbñ2÷÷ Yóñyó‘öKì÷ ÷vú%÷üø

övóï ÷ï" ñyó0öñø ÿ¢övð&ìNïóïn÷÷ ïñyó0öKì÷ š÷vú%÷üð/š÷ï žÿ ÷ïó=ñjñ YøK÷ ÿ¢öñyóï÷ 09 úNñö úNûìnøKì

yúóøþ ”öKìnðYïnû÷ š÷ ü÷ïó ìn÷ –öKìNð&ïnû+÷ ÷ óìNï yú%øñôó ìN÷ 2 ! ð&øÕöñyóhYøK÷ ð&ìNïnûKð&ö÷(ü YøK÷ 2 QP=PxPQ=í

”ð/š÷ï šðïbñyóšð&øKì%ú%÷üø Dúnûvóòÿ¢ö0ÿó÷ï &øK÷ vüøïYYø_! ÷ï2ó/šð&øKïn÷ì”óøþ~úNûvóÿ¢ö

ÿó÷ï &øK÷ øKï ¦ñ c÷ [üKó ñ÷böKìNð ú%÷ ø ]ü÷–ú%ðKüKó&÷–ü÷Öñ ÿ‘ó&÷&í ˆñQ÷¢ì÷ øñïN÷Øø öv÷ìnïnøKì vóï ð

ñðKúóMñ÷ü÷;ñ ÿó&÷óø !&ðvó&÷ü÷;ñ ÿ¢öñyóï ©úóìó&ú%ï÷ì c÷÷övóìø K÷‘÷%þ övó ðDðYøáø K÷ú%ð&ÿ

öKìn÷ ðü÷ ñ ÿó&÷”ó šðKú ÷÷ `ó”ø K÷”ÿ¢ð ü 76Iúóï ð ¡ü÷"ñ ïn÷ ï÷–ü÷ ©ö¦þK÷%ñOíaQð&ì 1&øK÷"ñyóžì)÷ð

üï÷ì*÷ïvúNñøKïú%÷ ÿ¢öñyóï ”ð&ør÷ šïóø#!&ðvó&÷¢ü÷¢ú%÷øþ ñ ïn÷ìnöKì÷ïóï ð0ü÷ñ ÿó&÷;÷ï

övóì–ú%ð c÷&øK÷ï"ñ÷¢ü yóKðšï ôúžÿ÷(ü yúóMñ ÷ šï ÿ¢öð ñ÷&í bóìnïN÷ó&ú%ï šðï–óöKö÷%ñ÷ &

"'", " )# %'((í# ”÷ 7g÷ìn÷vú%÷ ÿ¢övðYìnïóïn÷ "ü÷ ø nú%÷öKï ¦ñï÷ÿó ÷ï YøK÷b÷

ïnìn÷¢ü÷øþáï ø öv÷ø!Y÷ï ÷óMñ÷ÿ¢÷ï ÷ ÷ìn÷ì”ü÷¢ïn÷%ñóìnïn÷Tó&ú%ï ”÷;ïn÷%ñ¦ñ÷ !óì yóï ð ”÷%þšïn÷ï

övóì÷%þ ÷ÿEöñ÷óøþ ïn÷ìQTó&ú%÷ ó ì ˆï šø9 ø 2 €ð š÷ vónó=ñ÷ WövðYøKÿ¢ð PxP=PQ=%í ”÷¢ÿ *÷ÿ¢÷h Qü÷

övóìnï yú%øñ÷ ;ˆ÷ìnìnð&ÿ‘ó÷ï YøK÷ ”ü öv÷ì c÷÷ 9 šð&ø!Y÷ï–ó šðKú ÷÷ Yóü÷ ”övóòïnûKðñð÷ óø !&÷(óø,üø

€ð÷bðYøüø¡ú%÷ì1!&÷(óø=»ö÷ø!&÷ï]÷ &÷vüìn÷ìbü÷ [óìnïn÷Tó&ú%ï ©ü÷ ø nú%÷öKï ¦ñï÷ÿó÷ï &øK÷^9 !&ðìW[S

övóì;÷%þ ÷ÿ¢öñ÷=í0ý c6 + [ó!Y÷(úñ÷¡ü@÷2!&÷%ñð&öKöv÷ÿ¢÷ï¢ó&ú%ïnøK÷%ñ–ü÷Eñôó0úNûìnøKì ÷ró ï)÷÷;övóì õ ë š÷

övðš÷iñ÷ØöKìNðñ÷ÿ¢÷"ü÷ »óìNïn÷ óYú%ï Wü÷ ø nú%÷öKï ¦ñ7ï)÷"ÿó ÷ï YøK÷©ñ ÷ ó"ñ øKï ¦ñ nóï ð‘ü šïnìnøKÿ¢÷ï

únûìnøKì ôúóòøþrÿ ÷ïó=ñjñ YøK÷ í

î–øvú%ø šðòñøKï ð nóòï ó NóïN÷ K÷”öv÷ìnÿE÷ïÖóYú%ïnøK÷%ñ¦ñ÷ÿE÷ï–ü÷ú%ð&ìnì Y÷ì©ñ÷ bóìnïN÷ó&ú%ï ©ü÷ šø nú%÷öKï

ï÷ÿó÷ï &øK÷&í aWó;ü ÷ìn÷vú%÷–÷ š÷ï ÷%ñ¦ñ÷÷ïnìn÷"ñ÷ bóìNïn÷óYú%ï ©ü÷ ø nú%÷öKï ¦ñï÷ÿó÷ï &øK÷

÷ïñ÷ [óìnïn÷Tó&ú%ï ü÷búnûvóòÿ¢ö;ÿó÷ï &øK÷"÷ šïYøK÷[ñ÷ iöv÷ìnïNøKìvóï ð [üøúNûvóÿ¢ö;ÿó ÷ï YøK÷h Mñ ÷÷

ó”ñyóöKì÷ š÷vú%÷üø¢övóï ÷ï c!=óì÷ïØüø K÷”÷%þKö÷ì ÷vú%÷Yó”ñ óøKïnìN÷&í_aÈ÷øKìØöKì ÷–÷ú%ðYÿ¢öKïn÷b÷ šï"üðvú

v÷(óøvú%ð&øKö˜öñø ü ú jñ÷&í

a ð/š÷(ú%ï 7vü÷Øú%÷©ïnìó"!ó ¦ñ÷ šï»ü÷©öKìnðYövðš÷ì²ø ú%÷ìnïó KðYÿ KìN÷]ü÷%ñ2÷ÿE÷ï ö÷ìnÿ¢÷ïnïó ï»ü÷F! nó&÷ì

ñôó‘ÿ ÷¢÷ø!ìn÷¢ü÷;ïn÷(úNû &øK÷ ü÷ú%ð&ìnìn÷(ú%ï ð áðYøáüóïNï)÷øvóï ð0ü÷ óìnïn÷Tó&ú%ï bü÷ šø nú%÷öKï

ï÷rÿó ÷ï YøK÷&í ”÷øþ\öKìnðñ ÷ÿ¢÷ ðïEìn÷ïn÷ø Kð&ïnìn÷óïnïN÷ïðWí ø K÷övóòìnï ¦ñ š÷ÿñ÷

÷ š÷ï ÷%ñiüL*÷ïnìn÷”÷rÿ¢÷ øKìn÷ü÷;úóMñyú%øñ÷ìü÷ÿó ÷ìN÷ïnì÷ ÖöKì)÷(ú š÷”ñ÷ ”öv÷ìNïnøKì vóï ð ”üøáúNûvóÿ¢ö

ÿó÷ï &øK÷"÷ &÷vüì÷÷ övóìñ ÿ¢öñyóïØÿ÷ïóMñ¦ñ&øK÷h ú÷ šï'óü ìn÷–úó=ñôú%øñ÷ì[ñ÷–úNûvóÿ¢ö;ÿó÷ï &øK÷

vüøïövóì"ø ð / ÷ï"ÿ÷ïóMñ¦ñYøK÷öñyó&úH÷üKó iñ÷ –ú%ðvü ï ð ”üø K÷÷%þKö÷ì ÷vú%÷;ü3õbë2í ñ 2óï

ñó‘üø ˜öKìnðñ÷ÿ¢÷;ü÷ÿó ÷ïnðšïóï YøK÷&ía Q÷ïnøvü÷ü÷;ú%÷öKìnð ñ÷ÿ¢÷ú%ð šï ïnøK÷ñyóEöKìn÷ÿ ÷ìN÷övóì

ï ÷rü÷‘ñôó˜ïnû+÷ š÷&í óøKïNìn÷¢övóìnï" ¦ñÖ÷ ï¢ïnð&øKï;óø ÿ¢övðYìnïóï¢ü÷öKì)÷(ú š÷ì¢ü÷.YøK÷%ñjñ÷˜ÿó÷ìn÷

ü÷ ]ö÷ìnïnøKì vóòï ð "üø¡úNûvóÿ¢ö‘ÿó÷ï &øK÷ šïóï YøK÷ ðï[ìn÷ šöð nóñ÷ ø K÷”öv÷ìNïnøKì vóï ðü÷

ñ ÿ‘ó&÷&ía Q÷ïnøvü÷ü÷;ú%÷öKìnðñ÷ÿ¢÷ú%ð šï ïnøK÷ñyó š÷(ú%ðvü÷övóìNï ÷ü÷ñyó;ïNû÷ š÷&í

a Q÷ïNøvü÷Øü÷Øú%÷ ©ü÷øþ;öKìnðñ ÷ÿE÷ +÷ ïWövó²÷ ðKð&ø!&÷%ñ¦ñ÷&íaQ÷ öKìNðñ÷ÿ¢÷ ü÷]ÿó ÷ïnðšïóï YøK÷

šðïïnì÷ ÷\ïnìó ï÷ ”ïóïüKó ñ÷øKì Eóšöv÷(ú%ï öKûc &øK÷ S{z YøK÷ïnû÷ð&ì YøK÷ !SVØüKó žñyó

Références

Documents relatifs

To test whether the vesicular pool of Atat1 promotes the acetyl- ation of -tubulin in MTs, we isolated subcellular fractions from newborn mouse cortices and then assessed

Néanmoins, la dualité des acides (Lewis et Bronsted) est un système dispendieux, dont le recyclage est une opération complexe et par conséquent difficilement applicable à

Cette mutation familiale du gène MME est une substitution d’une base guanine par une base adenine sur le chromosome 3q25.2, ce qui induit un remplacement d’un acide aminé cystéine

En ouvrant cette page avec Netscape composer, vous verrez que le cadre prévu pour accueillir le panoramique a une taille déterminée, choisie par les concepteurs des hyperpaysages

Chaque séance durera deux heures, mais dans la seconde, seule la première heure sera consacrée à l'expérimentation décrite ici ; durant la seconde, les élèves travailleront sur

A time-varying respiratory elastance model is developed with a negative elastic component (E demand ), to describe the driving pressure generated during a patient initiated

The aim of this study was to assess, in three experimental fields representative of the various topoclimatological zones of Luxembourg, the impact of timing of fungicide

Attention to a relation ontology [...] refocuses security discourses to better reflect and appreciate three forms of interconnection that are not sufficiently attended to