Invited Professional Development Seminar - BIM - a Tool to Optimize Building Construction

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Invited Seminar at FP Innovations, Quebec City: 15 March 2011, Quebec City, Quebec [Proceedings], 2011-03-15

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Invited Professional Development Seminar - BIM - a Tool to Optimize Building Construction

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Institute for Research in Construction

BIM

– A Tool to Optimize Building

Construction

Centre for Computer-assisted Construction Technology

John Dickinson, Ph.D., P. Eng. John.Dickinson@nrc.gc.ca

15 March 2011

National Research Council

• National organization, federal government agency

• Over 4,200 full-time employees; over 1,446 guest workers • Labs and facilities across Canada

• Dissemination of S&T information to industry and scientific community

• Provides essential elements of national S&T infrastructure

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The NRC Centre for Computer-assisted Construction Technologies

Part of NRC Institute for Research in Construction

Research and development driven by four issues in construction industry:

• the need to improve productivity

• growing complexity of built environments • sustainable development

• changing workforce demographics

NRC-CCCT

Increasing productivity of the construction

life-cycle through applied technology

• Computational tools to aid design, implementation & management of built resources

• Decision support tools

• Digital knowledge & information management • Tools and practices to improve the efficiency of the

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Presentation Outline

What is BIM?

 Why care?  Intent or promise  Definition  Game Changer

BIM @ work

 In use  Organisations  Standards

Relevance to Wood

 Products & Systems  BIM Capabilities

 Near-term  Longer-term

What is BIM?

Why care?

BIM Intent or Promise

Defining BIM

Game Changer

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Why Care?

Lost Money

2004 NIST report

(Cost Analysis of Inadequate Interoperability in the U.S. Capital Facilities Industry)



$15.8B/y lost due to poor interoperability

• 1-2% industry’s revenue



2/3 during operations and maintenance phase

http://www.bfrl.nist.gov/oae/publications/gcrs/04867.pdf

The Promise:

Interoperability

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BIM in Short

– Interoperability

9 h ttp :// e e td n e w s. lb l.g o v/ n l0 3 /im a g e s/ b liss -sp ira l.p n g Asti.com

BIM Standards Organisations

principal product is the National BIM Standard

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BIM Lifecycle View

http://www.jotne.com/project-information-owners.442302-79297.html

CAD vs. BIM

• 2D or 3D

• Lines

• Layers if done properly

• Robust exchange

standards

• No standard way of

adding contextual

• 3D or more

• Physical & functional

elements

• Well-defined collection

of facility data

• Machine interpretable

• Traceability, ownership

4D

– Time

5D

– Cost

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Potential for Game Changer

• Full/Better solutions up-front

- Mutual understanding, consensus multi-disciplinary approaches

• Avoid late changes

- Miss-understandings - Unforeseen consequences - Less errors/clashes

• Correct materials/tools/people at correct time,

• Offsite work, prefab assemblies

http://www.cenews.com/magazine-article-cenews.com-october-2008-what_does_bim_mean_for_civil_engineers_-6098.html

Communication

Collaboration

Coordination

BIM @ Work

BIM In Use

Organisations Backing/Using BIM

Standards

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Design

Visualisation

• Architects • Industrial Designers • Functional Analysis • Real Estate • Commercial Property Managers • Interior Decorators h ttp :// m y. o p e ra .co m /ki e n tru cv n /a lb u m s/ sh o w p ic .d m l? a lb u m = 7 2 4 0 1 2 & p ict u re = 9 7 7 9 6 6 2 h tt p :/ / d isco u n t. b in a o ff ice fu rn itu re .co m /2 0 1 0 _ 0 7 _ 0 1 _ a rc h iv e .h tm l

Facility Appearance - Visualisation

Geographical Rendering and Neighbourhood Impact

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Walkthrough Example

Engineer

– Architect Collaboration

- Green/LEED/Sustainable

Orientation Optimization

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Engineering - Systems & Structure

h ttp :// w w w .b im o u tso u rci n g .co m /h va c-se rvi ce .h tm http://www.pmengineer.com/Art icles/Cover_Story/2009/02/01/T he-Benefits-of-BIM-in-Plumbing-Design h ttp :// w w w .risa te ch e sp a n o l.co m /im a g e s/ p a rtn e rs/ re vi t/r isa R e vi tL in k. jp g

Facility Performance

– Owners/Ops

Consummation Variation on a year

4,000.00 4,500.00 5,000.00 5,500.00 6,000.00 6,500.00 7,000.00 7,500.00 8,000.00 8,500.00 9,000.00 J a n J a n J a n J a n J a n F e b F e b F e b F e b M a r M a r M a r M a r A p r A p r A p r A p r A p r M a y M a y M a y M a y J u n J u n J u n J u n Jul J u l J u l J u l J u l A u g A u g A u g A u g S e p S e p S e p S e p S e p O c t O c t O c t O c t N o v N o v N o v N o v D e c D e c D e c D e c D e c E n e rg y C o n s u m m a ti o n ( k Wh ) Average 2003 Average 2004 Average 2005 Average 2006 Average 2007

Energy analysis, comfort, controls automation

2 3

1

4 N

Daily Direct Radiation Average

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 D ir e c t R a di a ti on ( k J /m 2 )

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Analysis Simulations

General Contractors

– VDC

• Constructability – clashes before workers onsite

• Scheduling – planning, slippage

• Reduce # and $ of RFIs – models vs. drawings

• Bid – 3D-4D visualization of process

• Lower uncertainty  reduced contingency

• Coordination meetings / Progress tracking

• Materials / Supplies

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General Contractor

Workface planning, scheduling, coordination

• General Contractors

_h ttp :// w w w .ca d a lyst .co m /a e c/ b im -and -p ro je ct -p la n n in g-1 -2 -3 -re vi t-t u to ria l-3 5 2 0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FE_zYiltsAw

Accurate Cost Estimating

http://www.cadalyst.com/aec/army-corps-drawn-bim-design-3764

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Bottom Line

– GC

Partial VDC project vs. Benchmark projects

• 50% RFIs

• Per-RFI cost 1/5

th

• Over-runs costs 1/15

th

_typical

• Project completed months ahead schedule

- Benchmarks months delayed

http://www.tpm.com/component/content/article/1-latest-news/513-how-bim-is-being-utilized-by-general-contractors-and-its-benefits-a-general-contractor

Bottom Line

– Owner

Tendency to:

• Better understand what they are buying

- Improved upfront design

- Less requests for changes

• Get better quality

- built as-planned

- less problems/ad-hoc solutions/products • Future

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Early Canadian Industry Adopters

EllisDon HIP Architects RCNA Stantec Halsall Associates PCL Construction PFLA Inc DOWCO Group ... more

Organisations

American Institute of Architects Associated General Contractors General Services Administration The FIATECH Consortium

Construction Specifications Institute Canada/US Green Building Council Canadian Construction Assoc. Canada BIM Council

Steel Construction Institute Institute for BIM in Canada

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Regional Adoptions

Scandinavia:

Finland, Norway, Denmark

Australia

Singapore

US:

GSA, universities, army, NASA

Canada:

Alberta, BC, Montreal?

Western European Practitioners:

36% (2010)

USA Practitioners:

48% (2010)

http://images.autodesk.com/adsk/files/business_value_of_bim_in_europe_2010_final_new.pdf

Interoperability at a glance

– IFC

IFC

: Industry Foundation Classes (.ifc)

• Objects: spaces, basic building elements, ... • Certification program

• Model View Definitions – legal subsets of data

Two common IFC2x3 model views:

• Coordination View – design & construction • Basic FM Hand Over – construction & operator

- COBie: Construction Operations Building information exchange

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Interoperability

CIS/2.1 & gbXML

CIS/2.1

: CIMsteel Integration Standards Release 2

• Steel Construction Institute • Structural steelwork industry • Detailing, analysis, fabrication, …

gbXML

: green building XML

• Mostly for energy and comfort modelling packages • Chunks facility into contiguous spaces

• Equipment

BIM Relevance to Wood

Products and Systems

BIM Capabilities

Near-term

Longer-term

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BIM

Design & Material Specification •Mfg Catalogue •Specifications Assemblies Analysis •Codes / Reg. •Acoustics / Fire •... Green Certification •LEED •BREEAM •... Takeoffs •Material •Labour •Supply chain Operations •Maintenance •Status •Warrantee Demolition •Reclamation •Recycling

BIM for Manufacturers

BIM: Value-adding

Early Material Selection in Design Visualisation & Performance Based on Specs Construction & Supply Chain Integration Orders from Manufacturers Manufacturers BIM Product Specifications

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BIM Capabilities

– Near-Term

- Design tools –Revit(Framing Tool), - Design and Analysis tools:

- Tekla& Risa

- Parametric librariesof wood & composite products supply chain

- Limited code checking or

requirements assessment

- Link to Fabrication (Cadwork)

- Still manual CAD and not BIM – joins, cuts, machining

BIM Capabilities

– Far-Term

- Link to Analysis

- Improved Structural

- Fire (NIST – FDS) Geometry and common properties - Acoustic (not soon) – digital guides

- Design to Fabrication (need CIS/2 for Wood)

- Automation – First in CAD, later BIM? - Standards for Stakeholders

- Analysis, Process, Materials, Parts, Assembly

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Key Points

• Exchange and collaborate with partners • Avoid re-entry

• Game changer

BIM Interoperability

• Design • Construction

• Analysis – Code, Lighting, Water, Energy, Basic Structure

Significant Penetration

• Analysis – Structure, Fire, ... • Design to Fabrication

Future for Wood

Contact Details

John Dickinson Tel: (519) 430-7123

John.Dickinson@nrc.gc.ca

Centre for Computer-Assisted Construction Technologies National Research Council Canada

800 Collip Circle, London, ON N6G 4X8