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Party Polarization and Bill Cosponsorship in European Parliaments
François Briatte
To cite this version:
François Briatte. Party Polarization and Bill Cosponsorship in European Parliaments. Science Po Quanti, Jul 2016, Lille, France. �halshs-01511400�
East BG
East CZ_PO
East CZ_SE
East EE
East HU
East LT
East RO_CA
East RO_SE
East SK
West AT
West BE_CH
West BE_SE
West CH_CN
West CH_CS
West FR_AN
West FR_SE
West IE_DA
West IE_SE
West IT_CA
West IT_SE
West PT
North DK
North FI
North IS
North NO
North SE
Asia IL
10 1000
05 09 13 14 96 98 02 06 10 13 96 98 02 06 10 13 07 11 15 98 02 06 10 14 92 96 00 04 08 12 96 00 04 08 12 96 00 04 08 12 98 02 06 10 12 94 95 99 02 06 08 13 91 95 99 03 07 10 14 95 99 03 07 10 95 99 03 07 11 95 99 03 07 11 86 88 97 02 07 12 86 88 93 97 02 07 12 97 02 07 11 97 02 07 11 83 87 92 94 96 01 06 08 13 96 01 06 08 13 91 95 99 02 05 09 11 01 05 07 11 15 99 03 07 11 95 99 03 07 09 13 85 89 93 97 01 05 09 13 88 91 94 98 02 06 10 14 09 13 15
Legislature start year
Average number of bills introduced per year
All private bills Cosponsored bills
East BG
East CZ_PO
East CZ_SE
East EE
East HU
East LT
East RO_CA
East RO_SE
East SK
West AT
West BE_CH
West BE_SE
West CH_CN
West CH_CS
West FR_AN
West FR_SE
West IE_DA
West IE_SE
West IT_CA
West IT_SE
West PT
North DK
North FI
North IS
North NO
North SE
Asia IL
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0 200 400 600
05 09 13 14 96 98 02 06 10 13 96 98 02 06 10 13 07 11 15 98 02 06 10 14 92 96 00 04 08 12 96 00 04 08 12 96 00 04 08 12 98 02 06 10 12 94 95 99 02 06 08 13 91 95 99 03 07 10 14 95 99 03 07 10 95 99 03 07 11 95 99 03 07 11 86 88 97 02 07 12 86 88 93 97 02 07 12 97 02 07 11 97 02 07 11 83 87 92 94 96 01 06 08 13 96 01 06 08 13 91 95 99 02 05 09 11 01 05 07 11 15 99 03 07 11 95 99 03 07 09 13 85 89 93 97 01 05 09 13 88 91 94 98 02 06 10 14 09 13 15
Legislature start year
Sponsors per bill
{b1, a8}, {b1, a31}, {b2, a27}, . . .
. . . {bn−1, a36}, {bn, a120}
bn an
b×a
A (i, j)
A(i, j) =
! 1 i j
0
i j
i j
0 1
g
Q
m g
Q= 1
2m
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ij
#
Aij −Pij
$ δgigj
m Aij
i j Pij = k2mikj ki i
δgigj = 1 i j 0
2
i j
0.9
East BG
East CZ_PO
East CZ_SE
East EE
East HU
East LT
East RO_CA
East RO_SE
East SK
West AT
West BE_CH
West BE_SE
West CH_CN
West CH_CS
West FR_AN
West FR_SE
West IE_DA
West IE_SE
West IT_CA
West IT_SE
West PT
North DK
North FI
North IS
North NO
North SE
Asia IL
−0.5 0.0 0.5
−0.5 0.0 0.5
−0.5 0.0 0.5
−0.5 0.0 0.5
unwrawnfwgsw
05 09 13 14 96 98 02 06 10 13 96 98 02 06 10 13 07 11 15 98 02 06 10 14 92 96 00 04 08 12 96 00 04 08 12 96 00 04 08 12 98 02 06 10 12 94 95 99 02 06 08 13 91 95 99 03 07 10 14 95 99 03 07 10 95 99 03 07 11 95 99 03 07 11 86 88 97 02 07 12 86 88 93 97 02 07 12 97 02 07 11 97 02 07 11 96 01 06 08 13 96 01 06 08 13 91 95 99 02 05 09 11 01 05 07 11 15 99 03 07 11 95 99 03 07 09 13 85 89 93 97 01 05 09 13 88 91 94 98 02 06 10 14 09 13 15
Legislature start year
Empirical (partisan) and maxized (Walktrap) modularity
−1 +1
0.03−0.04
GRÜNE SPÖ ÖVP FPÖ
−0.39 −0.37
ECOLO SOC−F SOC−V CDEM−F CDEM−V LDD VOLKS LIB−F LIB−V VLAAMS
+0.79 +0.78
−0.04 +0.81
+0.46 +0.44
0
ρ= 0.92
ρ = 0.41
N = 139
N = 135
N = 116
N = 112
0.48∗∗ 0.47∗∗ 0.31 0.30 (0.17) (0.17) (0.17) (0.16)
−0.01∗ −0.01∗ −0.01∗∗ −0.01∗ (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01
(0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) 0.03∗∗ 0.02∗ 0.02 0.01 (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01)
−2.67∗∗∗ −2.39∗∗∗ −2.46∗∗∗ −2.06∗∗∗
(0.36) (0.40) (0.33) (0.38)
−0.02 −0.01 0.00 0.01 (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)
0.05 0.05 0.08∗ 0.08∗
(0.04) (0.04) (0.04) (0.03) 0.00∗∗∗ 0.00∗∗∗ 0.00∗∗ 0.00∗ (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
−0.00 −0.00 −0.00 −0.00 (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
0.00 0.00 0.00 −0.00
(0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
−0.00 −0.01 −0.02 −0.02 (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01)
0.00 0.00
(0.00) (0.00) 0.00∗∗ 0.00∗∗
(0.00) (0.00)
N 139 135 116 112
2 0.43 0.37 0.57 0.53
0.14 0.14 0.12 0.12
∗∗∗p <0.001∗∗p <0.01∗p <0.05
0.31 0.26 0.15 0.10 (0.16) (0.16) (0.15) (0.15)
−0.01 −0.01 −0.01 −0.01 (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01
(0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01)
0.02∗ 0.02 0.01 0.01
(0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01)
−2.18∗∗∗ −2.23∗∗∗ −2.02∗∗∗ −2.09∗∗∗
(0.34) (0.34) (0.30) (0.31)
−0.01 −0.00 0.01 0.02 (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) (0.02)
0.08∗ 0.08∗ 0.11∗∗∗ 0.11∗∗∗
(0.04) (0.04) (0.03) (0.03) 0.00∗∗∗ 0.00∗∗∗ 0.00∗ 0.00∗ (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
−0.00 −0.00 −0.00 −0.00 (0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
0.00∗ 0.00∗ 0.00 0.00
(0.00) (0.00) (0.00) (0.00)
−0.00 −0.00 −0.01 −0.01 (0.01) (0.01) (0.01) (0.01)
0.00 0.00
(0.00) (0.00) 0.00∗∗ 0.00∗∗
(0.00) (0.00)
N 139 137 116 114
2 0.41 0.40 0.58 0.57
0.14 0.13 0.11 0.11
∗∗∗p <0.001∗∗p <0.01∗p <0.05
0.45
0.46 0.45
Model M4 (raw cosponsorship counts) Model W4 (weighted propensity to cosponsor)
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
1 2 3 1 2 3
Standard deviation of Left/Right party positions
Predicted partisan modularity
