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HAL Id: inria-00071907

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00071907

Submitted on 23 May 2006

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Synchronous Modeling of Modular Avionics Architectures using the SIGNAL Language

Abdoulaye Gamatié, Thierry Gautier

To cite this version:

Abdoulaye Gamatié, Thierry Gautier. Synchronous Modeling of Modular Avionics Architectures using

the SIGNAL Language. [Research Report] RR-4678, INRIA. 2002. �inria-00071907�

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ISSN 0249-6399 ISRN INRIA/RR--4689--FR+ENG

a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

THÈME 1

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

Synchronous Modeling of Modular Avionics Architectures using the SIGNAL Language

Abdoulaye GAMATIÉ — Thierry GAUTIER

N° 4678

December 2002

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Unité de recherche INRIA Rennes

IRISA, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex (France)

Téléphone : +33 2 99 84 71 00 — Télécopie : +33 2 99 84 71 71

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(18)

(1) process P1 executes; (2) then gets another process P2 executes; (3) finally, waiting expires.

blocked on waiting for a message, and

Situation B:

re−executes after P2 makes the P1 re−executes after the time−out for

process P2 executes; (3) finally, P1 blocked on waiting for a message, and

message available.

(1) process P1 executes; (2) then gets Situation A:

execution order

t1 t2 t3 t4

time time counter

(1) (2) (3) (4)

t5

read_blackboard call

display_blackboard call

P1

P1

P2

P2 P2

P2 P1 P1

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(19)

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when (not blocked $1)

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inputs outputs

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