Cortical integration of bilateral nociceptive signals: when more is less

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 2.1 Participants 41 42 43 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

46 47 48 49 50 51 52 2.2 Experimental procedures 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

70 71 72 73 74 75 76

2.4 Painful Laser Stimulation

77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 2.5 Electroencephalographic recordings 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 2.6 Laser-evoked potentials 112 113 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

116 117 Runica 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 2.7 Time-frequency analysis 130 131 132 133 134 135 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 time frequency 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

162 163 164 165 t 166 167 168 t t 169 170 t t 171 172 p 173 p 174 175 176 t 177 178 179 180 181 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

2.8 Statistical Analysis 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 Stimulation Attention 191 2 p 192 193 194 3.1 Laser-evoked potentials 195 196 197 198 199 main effect: F 2 p 200 main effect: F 201 2 p interaction: F 202 2 p 203 main effect: F 2 p 204 main effect: F 205 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

2 p 207 208 main effect: F 2 p 209 210 main effect: F 2 p 211 interaction: F 2 p 212 main effect: F 213 2 p 214 main effect: F 2 p 215 interaction: F 2 p 216 217 218 219

3.2 Event-related spectral perturbations

220 221 222 main effect: F 223 2 p F 2p 224 main effect: F 225 2 p F 2p 226 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

main effect: F 2 p 229 230 231 main effect: F 232 2 p interaction: F 233 2 p 234 main effect: F 2 p 235 236 237 main effect: F 2 p 238 interaction: F 2 p 239 240 241 242 243 Hemisphere Stimulation 244 Attention 245 246 247 248 249 250 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

253 254 255 256 257

3.3 Pain intensity ratings and stimulus intensity

258 259 260 261 main effect: F 262 F 263 264 F 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 4.1 Changes in saliency 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

4.2 Response suppression 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 4.3 Top-down inhibition 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

344 345 346 347 348 349 350 4.4 Brain oscillations 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

366 367 368 369 370 371

4.5 Special considerations for gamma oscillations

372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

412

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540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 t 572 573 574 575 576 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54