Co-ordination of activities for the development of demographic, social and related economic statistics in development planning in Africa: framework for data integration

•

•

Distr, LTI'IJITED

\iGIDSS/87 •6'

7

August

1987

mJLISH

Original; FP.ENCH ECO;:or:IIC CO''l!·rrSSION IiDR AffiICA

Horkillg Group on Possible Approaches to the Integration of Demographic, Social and !\elated Economic Statistics in Developrrent Plann:i.ng in Africa

/.10SC0\1, USSR,

7 .. III

September

1987

CO-0RDmATION 01" AC'l'!VITlliS FOR THE DEVELOPl'lENT OF DEl''IOOP.APHIC, SOCIAL f0'ID RErJ\:1ED ECONm/IIG STATISTICS IN

DEVELOPfilEI':rI' PLlUJNHG IN lL17'TCA pf@'/JEHORK FOR DATA Ii'1TEDRATION

Table of Contents_"._•• __^._~~_ _•__ .·,u.... .. ",,;

!:'¥.:!lli!:~2h r.?e~

10 Introduction

1'"9 1-3

IL Nf'ed and Useful.ness of the Framework

10-16 3-4

_\

2.1 Co-ordination of Activities

11-13

3

22 Preparation of Socio""conomic Indicators 14-16 .

4

III~ Composition and Structure of the Framework

17-23 4-5 301

T\1ajor fIn/as included in the Framework

17-19 4'-5

302

Structure, of the Frarnework

20-23 5

IV, Statistical i'oJethodology for Integration

24-38 s-s

4.1

Harmonization of Concepts, Definitions and

25-28 6

Classifications

4.2

Recourse to Househo 1d Surveys

29-34 6"'7 4.3

^Link with 1":3.tional Accounts

35-38 7,,8

v.

^Conclusion

39-40

8

VlG/DSS/87,6

1, A new notion of development emerges from the Lagos Plan of Action (LPA) adopted in 1980 by the Heads of State and Govemnent, which errphasises;

i) economic ~owth resul.tiing

from

the mobilisation of the peoples of AfriCan countries and. the utilization of thE;ir latent potentialities {natural.anq. hunan resources. capital, teclmology);

ii) pI'Qvision of basic needs;

iii)

iv) v)

vi)

.',' .

Jn~rovement in living standards of the people and fair distrilJution . of the development cake;

economic V:deppndenceand individual and collective self:-13ufficieticy;

elimination of cultural dependence,

co~solidation

_,- ^of: natiOliaJ, hUitures:_{, . ' .-( ,} ,and access to. education by all;

environmental, protection and preserVation.

2, . Since 1980, these objectives have been taken .into account in f0

rnul

^{8.t ing}

national development P9licies and plans. 'Ibisclear:0 sJ;lol'/Sthe_,int~rest qeing . showndn the welfarE' of the peoPle as a development f1r.ality, De~lor:)lTl2nt'is no lcnger solelymeasur'2d in terms of. GDP growth, ...

It!

is also. ~ons'i4~reclm.. . relation to the provision of: basdc needs in areas li1~e nutrition; heal.th, .educat.ion and housdng ; efforts tOI'lardS better social justice, measures _t~l').

to

^{involve. .}

the peopl\,.. irldevelopmen;t and redistribute the develo~rnent.cake,^{i . '. .}

. . . . . " - ' - , ' . ': LOJ ~

3, '!his devel.oprrent notion calls for

newIJl~k;\~t;hod6iogies,

Emj;Jhasis is no longer solely placed on the economic aspect of development> but also on the' dernoe;raphic and S9C ial aspects. 'lhe demographic and socdal data

are

^therefore

going to playtl1le _saj.,~keyroles in th!,! pla.nnil18;process > L,e, in_aru\~singthe situation of'thee~omol1)icand social conditions. in fol:mulati.i1g andrevahiating developl1lE'nt policies and progromnes. . . .

. ,I I), 'Ihe need to accord a social

dime~:;:ion

tOdeveloplnElnt Planning

~eriquslY

^.

calls £ordata,1Jecau,se it requires a new series of' data. especially in th?

social,J:1ield·\> .- - .;

.-..^,'

5, By social statistics. is !lIE'ant statistics relating toman's fiviiieconditions, 'Ibis is a ver:y' vast _.~ea which enconpasseacertain elements considered as . , ' falling within such econonrlc fieldS as statistics on revenue di$tI;'~Olltion.

housing, social services cost" 'Ibe main components are food ahcj,nutrition.

health and medical ^C8I'<2. education, employment, revenue distribution, consunptdon and accumulation, housing, social protection and major demographic characteristics, In this decurrent we shall therefore use indifferently the terms social statistics, soc.io-economic statistics, demographic, social and related economic Statistics.

~,fG!DSS/87.6 Page 2

6. African. countr-ies have devoted their efforts in the sinultaneous development of economic and fimncial statistics as Vlell as demographic statistics⁰ 'Ih.i.s is

explained by the fact that the First Session of the Joint Conference of African Planner's, Statisticians and Demographer-s held in Addis Ababa from 24 March to 2 April 1980 to determine the major statistics !1.E'eded within the framework of the nevi

international economic order and the development of African statistics

accorded priority to the preparation :and development of economic and financial statistics and demographic statistics ..I. Besides, international guidelines have been drawn up and adapted to the African context⁰ 'Iheir respective development is made within the fra.'1Ework of the system of National Accounts

(SNA)21 of the United Nations and that of population and housing census 31 undArtakl"n every ten years. The idea ill the cases of the improved rrechanisns , is to organise multi""purpose statistics in their respective ^{areas ,} Each of these systems may be considered as a coherent structure that can serve as a framework for the integration of demographic, social and economic statistics

in its own 1lI'Pa. .

70 Secondary priority has been given to social statistics .To date , these statistics have been collected rrainly for administrative purposes rather than for planning and general policy purposes and their development has been left to the discretion of the competent tpclmical ministries. 'Ihe result is that, although he has at b5s disposal a great quantity of social data, the planner cannot embody them into deve.loprrentplans because of the differences in the definitions and classifications in relation to those of the other statistical.

fie Ids of the same

unit,

on the one hand, and on. tl1e other, the lack of key series that describe the social situation.

8 . However, as the development notion has changed a little recently, i t has .'"

become dmpor-tant and urgent to have reliable statistical series that are complementary I .e , integrated statistics, the basic reason being that a fei' problems can be tackled correctly within the fr8xreworlc of a sole and autononcus subject, either in the economic or social fields. For example, to make a

serious ciiagnosis of the health conditions of a population, we need not only have statistics on mortality and morbidity, we also need to collect a whole series of data on the economic situation, housing and environmental conditions ,.

level ^of' education of the people and know how those characteristics ^are distri,'

buted among them. The relationship between cause and effect is of course complex and the choices of crossed classifications 8nd the link between different series of inforlnation likely to yield the relevant results are not In the least evident⁰

1/

21

Statistical needs &'1d data for the African region during the 1980s.

E/Gt).111/PSD.l/2

System of National Accounts, United Nations, Series F No ..

3

Rev.

3.

Principles and recommendations on population and hous.ing census, United

WG/DSS/87.6 Page 3

9. 'Iheobjective ofthis'dcxiument is to sur;gest imp:t'ovements in the social statistics through rational and co-orc1inated statistics by proposing a

framework of collection ariCi'inte@;J:'ationfortheiJ."development with a view to using them in Africa: \S deV€'Loprrerrt planhing. .

The

first· section deals with the need for and useful.ness of a framework for the integration and analysis of social and economic statistics . The second section concerns the major

areas forming tne f.rame\;Jork,the priorities identified as well as its structure.

With regaroto these var-ious areas; the tablE> in Annex I givE>s E>xamples of the ser:lesandclassifications .and the sourceaotvtha data Ivhich the countries could use to establish a statistical franiework that meets their Integrated soc io-economic data needs for development planning. Finally, the third section presents three min method" for Impr-ov.lng the framel,Tork relating to the integration of dernograph.lc , social and related economic statistics.

IL NEED AND USEFULNESS OF THE FRAI<1EV/ORK .

10. 'Ihe creation of a'fralreWorl{ far the irlte;.;rationof 'social statistics cail·

prove beneficial for African countries by helping to co-ordinate actiVities for improved integration of social statistics and by serving as a point of departure for the preparation of soc Ic-econonric indicators or developnEnt indicators.

2.1 .Q()~~~!!3~._~f_~~!~::!!~!ll~

ll.llie f'ramevlork he Ips to centrali zeand systematize the presently available scattered data available in the social 'welfare ministries. 'Ihus , we can··

evaluate thej,r quality and deterrnine fio wnat extent they may be used; W'n6ther c'latiJ.ip collected, exploited and published is of little importance, i f it is ; . unrealiaole or unusable 0·' It is :ilnportant to distirlf,uish between the series vll1ich are, unused because they areunintereat.Ing for -the users and those vihich are not used because the data: cannot be Interpreted effeCtively, al.though they deal with important subjects,

120 Motherfuhction of the framework is to detect the information which is Iacking , mainly in the sectors where tney pose the most serious social probleEs.

'fuis will help cJ.etc:nnine the amount of work to be done considering the needs of users, especially of the planning departments. In this case, the social statistical priorities will be established within theframeoilirkof a mirrinum data collectim programne which is easilY tlorkable· and can give quick andbenet'Icdal, .resurts , 13. Finally, it should be recalled that social statistics deal with different fields and are often collected and published by ver,y cliverse departments and bodies, It is sometimes difficult for those who should prepare thE' plans and e;enE'ral policies to gather and interpret those dataiIlthin the framwork of ^2J1 inte:,;!,8ted analysis⁰ 'Ihe establishment of the f:t'ameworlc will considerably enrich the flow of inforrration between the official bodies in charge of the different elements of economic and social planning.

IvG/DSS/87.6 Page 4

2.2 ~E¥-:~H21}_2L~0£!2:~£2lJ2!&£

..

¥.!g!£?:E()r:~

14. The second session of the Joint Conference of African Planners, Statisticians and Demographer-s (1982) and the experts' "consultation" on a system of socio-economic indicators for African planners (1984) concerned, themselves with socdo-economic indicators with a.view to using them in Africa's development.plannirig. Variousreconrendat~onswere adopted notably with regards to the availability of data needed. fori;hepreparq.tio\1and developl1E'flt of the' indicators⁰

15. As the users almost

alViaysdepe~dentirely

ondata collection

pro~alTlneS

to obtain the basic statistics for the indicators, the. need to possess good '.

basic statistics and good prograrmnesfor the- collection and compila.tion ()f ..

statistics to enable the indicators to nave a solid basis has, been stressec on several occasions.

16. 'J:he f'rarrework for the Integratdon or demographic, social and related economic statistics constitutes a starting point for the creation of socio-economic

indicators so as to obtain a comprehensive; co-ordmated, coherent and interrelated data. The series to be used to establish the indicators are obviously subject to the sarre methods of irltegration and should fit in the social fields contained in the !'ramewo)Cl<, ,

III. CO~'lE'0SITIONM1DSTRUCTURE OF 'lliE FRA1VjEIJORK

3.1 ~2£_.~~~iP!1l?:E.~("L~~E.LE£~'12£\!:

17. The statistical areas which should be included in the frarrework are defined in relation to the objectives of the Lagos Plan

Of

Action, to Which, it should be recalled, African leaders aspire asfaras Africa's .develppmentis concerned^{< ,} However, the various sessions of the Joint Conference of African Pfanner's , . .

Statisticiar1s and DeijlOgraphers nave stressed that the statisticsdl:'partnl"i1ts . which will make a great contribution, cannot undertake the task over; andaQov~

their hunan and financial resources and tnat, as a f4'8t step, .efforts shouldbe focused on some priority areas likely .tobe cons'idered as .the

m:ini:rrB.lm

that can contribute usefully to the preparation of social policies,

18, The areas contained in the framework are those which draw the attention of the Ieadens and requireai; present structuralirerorms , In addition to the population matters, there are fi.v:e. !$jor.areas:

i)

ii) iii) iv)

"11)

educat ion <.r:d teaching services;

health ,healthand Dllltrition services"

housing;

employment ,; and

revenue distri!?ution" consurptrion and accumdatdon.

....'

WGIDSS/87.6 Page 5

19. .Areas like environnent , peoJ?le' s participation in _deve1op~nt culture and autonomy, have a very great llllPortance withi'1 the context of .U'rica' s devel.opnent , but they have been relegated to the background pending the research and national experience 'findings . It should be, mentioned that most of the social areas included in the franEwork relatp to world-wide Inter- goverrmenta'l programmes on the need to improve ,the rrulticlisciplinary soc io-

economic indicators for th0 follow~upand study of the activities for decision~

making and research. 'Ihese are the li'orld Plan of Action on Population (1974) and the Horld PopuLat icn. COnference (1984), the Prograrnre of Action of the Ilorld Conference on agrarian reform and rural development (1979) and health

for all by the year 2000 (1981), A number of African countries are participating in thesepr6groamnes and the various rreetin2:s and technical publications have stressed the importance. of a franEwork of data integration for the creation of

socio~economicindicators,

3;2 ~~~£t~_Ot:j~!1E;,.fr'o!:''}g':!<:J!:~

26,

The table at Annex 1 contains the franEwork structure , Each area of social . concern is presented separately and the basic series" classifications and sources

of data are indicated in the colunn, In.this table, we have not mentioned the socdo-eccnomlc indicators so as to let the countries nake their own choice • . 21; For' each area, _\~e need telO categories of informatioll. These are a series

of data oiJ."distribution" and a series of data on "factors", i.e. the use and .allocation of natural and bunan resources. To this may be added. if that is the

case. inforrration onthe means of finmncing⁰ The re.lated series' may be found

in the first co'lurrn , . .

22. The second column shows the classifications that could be applied to the series. Their breakdown is determined according to the circumstan.ces

and needs in each case, :tnterr.ational guidelines on the classifications have been published and adapted to each country. The classifications, given as an exanple here⁰ constitute an essential means of integration to be used as reg;ularlY as possible in the whole framework.

23. The sources of data presented in the last column are of tlNu types~' L) those relating to data obtained from administrative docunente and il) the general

prcgrarmes for the collection of .statistical data Which include poputatdon censuses and the various sur~y prcgramres through household sarrple

surveys. The administrative docuzr.ents generally constitutemnimportant source of inforrration likelY to provide the data on hearth, education,the total number and data on the movemmt of the population , and household inGorre. Population and housing censuses and surveys thrOUE'..,h houaeho'ld san:ple survey are the main netnods for obtaining integrn.ted statistics at a very <li8:integrated leveL

,;fGIDSS/87,6 Page 6

IV,' STkTISTICAL fJETlIOifiUX;Y ):i'()R mTFmi.l1.~'Im

240 A number of stati,3tical lrethods for integration exisc withresard to the improW'ment of the fraIT1PFork for the integration of demographic, .socdal, and related economic statistics, In this sectdon, Vie shall consider three of . those nethods: i) harmonization of concepts ,definitions and classifications ii) •recourse to householcl surveys arid f:Lnally, iii) L1111, with national.. accounts ..

. .

401 Harmonization of ccnceot.s

-" ... _--"._-,,,_ ^.. -,

^.".~~''., .,,~-"'----_definitior.s anO classifications":'...

_---_.,

^{.... -~,-...}

_--_

^..'

250 Itha:;J been strpssed in a numoer- of reports that it vas desirable' to Irrtezrate more closely the statistica~systems relating to similar areas, The lCl'.g-term objective is to create a sirrple statistical fraIileHOrk applicable to all the social demographic and rC'lated economic data, I .o . 2: frarrework representing

"the skeletal and muscle structums which will suppor-t th.:;; body of the statistical system"l/. The precondition for the attainment of that objectdve is to have

a gr'Oup"of varied and COiT!'Jon or at least easily compatible' concepts, classifications aIlddefinitions ~ for the population, institutions, monetary flow., ~

zones and their characteristics -, so as' to be' able to cO:Dbine profitably data from similar areas, This is a 10ng··term,objectivE'o .

26, 'Iherehave exist~for a 10118; tirre social statistics" but usually these have been assembled by a nwrber of adndni.scrat.Ive services and for a single purpose (ITEdical statistics, education statistics, housing statistics, etc,,).

It is theref6re difficult to 1M. data from two different areas, nore especially as the specialists from each fidd \:rant to still hav<? a continuous statistical series, All these constitute serious obstacles to harrorrizatdon.

27.. \Ie must therefore advance gradually with a siJnple objective of initia.JJ.y creating .: a hOlmseneous framework for the purposes of development and

adapta.tion of concepts" definitions and classifications, The various specialists .. ,' ':'should work in close collaboration ^jn order to stablJ.sh. the concepts, definitions

and classifications thatl[t"et irlterdiscipl:Lnary nee~:1s.

28, Table 1 at Annex II contains a list of major concepcs used in the :E'rarreHork for the integration of social and demographic statistics c.Iass.if'Led according to the area in 1',hiChthe:j are used, A larger part of' '~h(cconcepts and classifi . cations have been prepared for a particular area of use but may al.so be applied

in several Inoor-tant areas. In this tablE', ^.IE''have only considered the major

areas

·lrention(,d.in the document,

29, In recent years, household surveys seem to be me of the most ii1lportant sources, if not the rost important, of conprehensfv>

,mel

integrated socio:

economic statistics on population. Since 1980, th, EGA has organised four l1Eetinr;s durinR \'Ihich the methodology of surveys was considered, technical documents were prepared 811d discussed and reconrendations adopted,

1/ UHO, Social and dPrrogr'aphic statistics.', similarity between economic, social

~nn npmn~~nh~p ~T.~r.1~r;~~ (~/r.hT_~/~~? 'Q~n'

1;IG/DSS/8T ,6 Pac;e 7

30;

It

should be recalled that in its

197T

and

1979

resolutions t1;le United Nations Economic and Social CouncLl, stressed the importance of

establishing natd:onalhousehold survey prcgrarmes , 'Ihat prograrme was

conceived ,with avievr. to helping the developing countr-ies to gather integrated, socib"'eConoiiii6'and demographic data needed for the preparation and implementat:!-ol1 of their political plans and developrr:ent _progr~so . . 31, tikE!l;rise.; the Executive Committee of the ECA, by resojut ion ECO {XVII)

Hes. '1, also stressed that fact and adopted the regional component for Africa •...

called the: .Ai'rican Household Survey Capability Progranme (PBSCP)~ 'Ibis progrei,'"

toolt of'f' iri· 1980 and envisau?sa contInuous and co -ordtnated series,ofhooseholcl' surveys onvar-Lous sub.jects liiee consumption, housheolc1 ey,pendi.tUl"e and .incone , deJ;llOgraphiccharacteristics, .labour , health, nutrition_o housing; copcq,tipns, ' ' . education, literacy" culture .and family enterpr-ises (a2'.riculture, ..co~tage)nqustry.

comerce, transport, etc ..J, Eighteen African countries 8J.°e at presept involve;d in .this Prcgrarnrile .. .. . '

32.. The African Proe;r'ail1me recommends a series of basic, questions cormnontQ,all . survey rrodul.es , An indicative list on those basic au';stions is containec

11'1

Docurrent E/CN ,14/S!'1/22 entitled "Data required on households" publi"lned.by the EGA, Such questions help to establish analytical links between the variables

compiled' alirinstheVar'ious survey programnesand contributeaJ,so t() the integration of soc Io-econosric and clemor;rajJhic data. f.orthe purposes pf develoPnP.J;lt p),.a.nn:i.r{',·_.

, - . " " " " ...

s:~I

340 As illemtioned 'above, the SErnE concepts, definitions and classifications' have been useddntnesevar-icua suoject.s of survey in order to facilitilte ,the,int'~r

relation of the vwiables obtained, Annex III of this ccocument presents the survey sub.ject.s for the country programe⁰

. 330 Other .methods have' also been used for the integration Clfsurvey:dB.tCl,_. '. - __ _', I ~".'; '.

exanple we can mention the "C0I11;10n trunk' survey system, experimented in IV,nya fora' coritinuous,study of agr-icul. ture ,to IItlich other' subjects are at.tached as nibdels.· )1Jevertheless','lTIost lU'rican,coul1triesseem to prefer tl1fSyst

e

^{P.l ·}

^of:

^.bas.lc

.questdons 'considering .the present stage .of development. of. surveyn:ethod0fClgi'c!3,

,,<;

4, 3 _~~__!:.4ItLllil:'G:i()@La,££2!d!T~:s.

35. Since work on the integration of social statistics begun. we have

a.l1"'dYS recognized the existing interest to closely Link this work with the national accounts in the social fields of health, education, housing, Incorre distribution, consumption, accurml.at.ion as regards financial flow.

36, At the sane tirre , specialists of public finance have turned towards

a more advanced breakdown of data. The result is that public finance no longer plays solely the mcro-economic role it 1.:sed to play originally, it is also used more and more orten for economic and social analysis⁰ 'Tork on the complexities of social accounting demonstrates thiso

HG/DSS/87,6 Page 8 .

37, Similarly, one of the objectives for revievdni" the present public finance system is certainly to ft.ive priority to the public finance system as a framev·!ork for the inte;;;ration of social statistics, In some cases, (health, education, housing) links have been established tl1rough a change in the categories and classifications contained in the Public Finance system without interfering so nuch with the pr'esent conceptual structure,

38.

OnE' of the ways which help to also establish a link betwee-n the varied and overall data of the public finance and thE' more specialised data of a social area is the preparation of satellite accounts, like that done by the French.

A satellite accoUnt is a framework for gathering information in a social field (health, education, housing, social protection) which offers the folloKing two.

basic characteristics: i) it groups in the same structure the presentation of monetary and non- monetary data (physical indicators): ii) it links the detailed analysis of the area under consideration to the overall economic analysis done by the public finance, The basic purpose of the satellite accounts is to bring

in categories and classifications easily reconcilable vdth those which are used in public finance and other areas,

V, CONCLUSION

39, The development concept as defined by the 131,os Plan of Action required the integration bfdemogr8j:lLic and social variables into national development plans, This integration requires efforts in the co-orctinatricn of cojIectdng , cOlilpilin'I:

and analysing info~tion in order to meet the needs of users, especially pl&1ners.

40_,Ther~ is no doubt need for specialists in the various areas to collaborate, and make their research and methodfl·complementary and directed towards a snrplp.

and well def'ined objective, In the past, these specialists worked independently wi.thout concern about coherence among the ob5ectiv€S and among the methods or

with the integration of their work into a common framework. It is only by changing attzituces that we can build a long-term and efficient statistical system,

vIG/DSS/8706

ANNEX I

ILLUSTBATrJE SER.IES_o CT...JlSSL"'ICATIONS!I A.1IJD DATA SOURCES

Statistical Series Classifications Date Sources

r.

POPULATIa-J

• A, Size, structure and population flows 10 Size of the Population (ann~13.llY)

and percentage dist:t:ib\.jtions ' (infrequently)

2,_ Population flows, numbers and annual rates ppr lOOq persons a) Net changes in Population

(annual estimates)

b) Births (annually)

c) Deaths (annually)

d) International net migration (annu<ii estdnates , classifi- cations;Wrequently)

SeX:; age

socio"economic ~oup

national or ethnic ori2;in

Size, age

Socio-economic group f-Jational or ethnic origin

Age of mother

Socio-economic [',roup National or ethnic orie;in

Sex, age

, National or ethnic origin

sex, age

National or ethnic origin

Socio-economic group (selected categories)

Population and housing census, Sanple survey

(demographic ,households) Civil Registration

Administrative documents on migration

B, Geographical distribution of

Population and changes in distribution'

10 Number, percentage distribution Sex, age Population and housing and densities of populatdon Urban, rural census

(annual estimates, detailed Geographical area Sample survey

classifications in bench-aark Size and type of place, (demographic> households)

years) National or ethnic Civil Registration

origin,

Socio-economic group

11

Irrprovement in Social indicat;rs in developing countries; conceptual framework and methods, United Nations 19790 - F079 XVII 0 12

ITQ /1"3,3/87 6 Annex I Page 2

Statistical ;3erie~ Classifications Data Sources

. 2, PojiJulation f'Iows , nurmer-s al1drates

per

1000 pprsons

a) Net changes in population (annual Sex, age

est.inates , detailed classifications Urban. or rural in bench-mark years) Geographical area .

Size' and type .of area ,National or ethnic

or-igin

Socio-eccnomic group b) B;i.rths{a.nnually)

c) Deaths (annually)

d) Net intE'rnal migrat ion (bench-roark years)

Age of mother Urban or rural Geographical area Sex, age

Urban or rural Geographical area Sex, age

Urgan or rural Geographical area Size and type of area

II, LEfillNING· AND EDUCATIONAL"',,='<_:"~~" :_=~,==_...__...._~..,, ~_~ SERVlCES==> .._=.^'"'TI

population and housing census> sanp.le survey

(households Admini- strative documents) Level of education of the population

1, Years of schooling completed (bench-nark)

2, NUl/lbers and percentages of literates (infrequently)

3, Itfmbprs and proportions oi'

POPul~tion

according to levels of schopling"

completed (bench-mark) .

Size, age Urban or rural National or ethnic

ori8in

Socio-economic group Sex, age

Urban or rural Geographical aJ;'ea Level ofeducatioh National or 'ethnic or-igin ' . Socio-econaTIfc group Level of education Sex, age

Urban or rural area Geograprrical. area

. T,YPec of economic activity (wnere appiicable)

Occupation hJhere applicable) ,

Statistical Series

40 i\Tumbers and percentage c1istributions of population according to mother tongue and knowlede;e of a second Ianguage Tbench-nark)

Classifications Sex, age

Geocraphical area National or ethnic

orirsin

\;JG/08S/87.6

trrJEX I

Page 3

Data Sources

B, Use and distribution of educational services

L Numbers and proportions enrolled in regular education (annual.Iy , some classifications less

frequently)

20 Expectation of completed atcairment (bench-nark estimates)

3. Ti:.me spent in educational activities, specified periods (bench-nark)

4, Distance of Population from educational institutions

(bench-nark)

Co Inputs> Cl"tPuts and performance of educational services

L Number of full-time teachers

L,~vel,. field or education

Type or education

Sex;; age

Urbano rm'al Geographical area National or ethnic

or-igin

Scc io-econorrdc group Institutional sector Sex, age

Urban or rural National or ethnic

origin Sex) age

Urban or rural Level and type of

education Time use Urban, rural Level and type of

education

Level and fields of education

Level of education of teachers

Urban, rura.l Geographical ar~Q

Type or education'

Population and housing census, sarrple survey

(households) Administrative dOCUJJl9l1ts

Administrative decurrents

\'JG/DSS/8706 Annex I Page 4

Statistical Series Classifications Data Sources

III, E1'4PLOYMENT

4. NW11ber and proportions of population not in the labour'

force~ specified periods (ru1nually) Ao Labour force participation L'1

economic activity

10 Number and rates of labour force for specified periods (arnually or more frequently)

20 Numbers and proportions of labour force who are first~time entrants (annual estimates)

30 Numbers and proportions of labour force i"1hO die~ retire or emigrate per year (bench-mark estimates)

5. Numbers and proportions of persons

devot:i.n2; time co , and average amounts of their tirjX~ spent on

'l1'10dt and.ttrork"'related actd,vities~

specified periods (armual.Iy or less frequently)

Sex" age Urban? rural

Geographical recions national or ethnic

or-igin

Socio"economic group Level of education Occupation

Sex , age

Urban, rural or Cieofyaphical regions Level of education

.sex~ age

Urban, rural or Geographical regions Socia-economic group

Sex , age

Type of activity Urban, rural

Geographical regions . National or ethnic

origin

Size and type of' household

Sex~ age Urban~ rural 'rime use

Socio~econQnicgroUp

Siz,e and type of house- hold

Type of Activity

Population and housing census, Sarrple survey

(economic:i household) Administrative docu.rrents

Employment opportunities and mObility 10 Nwnber and proportion

of labour force unerrployed;

specified periods (annually or more frequently)

·Sex~ aCE:

Urban~ rural or Geographical ree;ions Size and type of place Level of education

Socio~economic<sroup Size and type of

household

S~lE' survey

(economic~ household)

\fIGIDSS/87 •6 Annex I

Page 5

Statistical Series Classifications Data Sources

Co Erilployment conpensatrion

1. Total and per employee j'ia:-:,;es 8110. salari~sincurrent and

constant prices, specified periods (annually or more frequently)

2, Pr:iJm.ry income, total and per recipient in current and constant prices, specified periods

(annually or more frequently) 3. F10an or median hourly vlcI.ge or salary at current and constant prices, specified periooB

(811l1ually or more frequently)

D. ltIork:i.n,c,,; Conditions

1, Average hours of work, specified periods (annually or more

frequently)

Rex, age

Urban, rural

seasonal and part- time workers

Socio-economic grOup Time use

3arrple .survey

(economic, household)

3arrple survey

(economic household)

, !

2. Number per 100,000 work hours, permanently disabled injuries and deaths (annually)

IV. DISTRIBUTION OF' TI\JCOfllE, A. Level and growth of household income

and accumulation

Sex, age Urban, rural Occupation Gauses of death Impairments and

handicaps

CONSUMPl'ION Al'JD ACClJII1ULATIOtfl

~I All series are in current and preferably where feasible and applicable, constant prices,

\JGIDSS/87 ,,6 Annex I Page 6

Sample survey (households) Statistical Series

1" PriIPm'Y income per household '.8nd2~L£~E~~~ (every tHO or

three years and annual. est.imates )

Classifications Sex) age

Size and type of household Urban, rural

Land holding and tenure in· case of agricultural households

Socio-econonric group Level of education Distribution of households according, to total household income

Data. Sources

2" Property .incone per household and 12~L£!!J2~~{l; (every hIO or three years)

3., '1'otal household income per houss- hold and per. capita (every tVlo or three

years"and-

^annual

.estinates)

4" Total available household income

per household and per capita (every tHO or three years and armual estimates)

5" Gross capital formation in

households, per household (every two or three years)

Land holding and tenure in case of agricultural households

Sociao-economic r~'oup

Distribution of

households accorcilingto total household Incone Urban" rural

Socio-econo~~c.group Distribution of households according to total household ~1come

Size and type of household

Land holding and tenure in case of agricultural households

Socio·'economic group Urban, rural

Distribution of

households according to total household income in cash , kind

Urban, rural

Socio-economic grQUP Distribution of .

households according to total household income in cash, kind.

1tIG/DSS/87,,6 Annex I

Page

7

Statistical Series Classifications . Data Sources

Sample surveys (household)

Urban rural

Geographical regions Socia-economic group Distribution of house- holds accordinB to equal total household Incorre Household goods and

services Incash, kind Urban, rural

Geographical regions Socio-econonuc group

Distribution of households according to equal total household income

2. Total consumption of the population per household and per capita (annual.Ly or less fre'luently)

,8, Level and Growth of Consumption 1" Final consumption expenditure

of housebol.ds , total and

categories of goods

a,d

services, per household and e~r

...

^£i1!2~t?:

(annually orless frequently) ,

C. Inequality and redistribution of Incone and consumption

I. Current transfers and other benefits (everv two or three years)

a) Benefits per household and

!Jf>£_£~E~t~

b) Net transfers per household and £~£_£!!E~~!!

2, Total and per capita amcurrts of selected indirect taxes and

subsidies (estimates for occasional years)

3, Lorenz curves' total available household income and final consumption expenditures (per household) (infrequently)

Socio-econoITac group . Distribution of

households accoro.ing to total household .incorae

Urban, rural or

G!?ographicalarea Socio«economic group Urban, rural

Urban, rural

Sample survey (household)

'Xi/DSs/8706 Annex I

?age 8

Statistical Series Classifications

V, IiFMJI'd, HEALTH SERVICES AND lJUTRI'l'ION

Data Sources

State of health

10 lVlortality and length of life

a) Number and rates of deaths (annually; some classifi- cations less frequently)

b) Life expectation

selected ages (annually or less frequently)

2" !,1orbidity, irnpairrr.ents and handf.caps

a) Nurnber and/or incidence of selected communicable diseases of public health importance (annually)

B. Nutrition

Sex, age Urban, rural Geographical area Socio-economic group Causes of death (broad groups)

Sex~ age Urban, rural

National or ethnic origin

Socio-economicgroup

Sex, age Urban, rural Classification of

infirmities _

Population and ncus.ing census

S31nple Survey

(households) Adrnin:Lstm"

tive documents"

,

Food balance AdJirinistrative .documents. ·::

L Per capita energy (calories) intake and food consumption, specified periods (infrequently)

.·Sex, age Urb311, rural Geographical area .Classification of

'f06ds:~ccordingto energy values Classification of population accorcdng to energy requirernents Distribution of

households accordirr;

to toal household income

llG/DSS/87

06

Annex I

Page

9

. .

- a:toot:lo_l"~~....a~

..>...--- __

...",~~..,..,

..- _,""", _ ..- ,_._.,... _r_

""->-..~ '= '""~.;,..o"_ ,.~,- '=".. __ ...,....,.._'""'"'~ -~__,~"'~~

Statistical Series Classifications Data Sources

-,<

2⁰ E~£_29:E~~§: intake of prot.e.in, specified. periods (infrequently)

.·Sex, age Urban, rural Geographical area

Classification of' foods according to prateL'1 content

Classification of

population accordil1['; to safe levels of protein intake

3. Total and !?f::L£~~t';L.3Upply of energy (cal.or-les) , specified periods '(annually)

4. Rate of belotA! clinical prote.in- calorie lM.1nutrition among children (infrequently)

Geographical area

Classification of foqds accor-ing to enerGY values Age

Urb8.J.'1, rural Geographical area Nutrition standards

Classification ofanthrop6-.

metric standards Socia-economic group

"\

,I :1I

I! IIu 'I Ii

I:,I

Ii

II Ii II I

Administrative documents Sanple SUrveys

Ceographical area

Classification of diseases (broad groups)

Socio~economic 3rOD~,

Urban~ rural Oeographi.ca.l area

Classification of diseases (broad categories)

4^fl Number and ratio of the population of hospital discharges

Availability~ use and per-formance of health services

L, Proportion of births attr~nded by physicians or trai.tled.

auxiliary persomel (annually).

20 Number and ratio'in the population of health services persormel .

(annually or less frequently)

Urban

Geographical area Socio-economic group Geographical area.

Level of educat.Lona...l atta.i.nrrent

Services

30 Number and ratio to the population Geographical area of hospital beds (annually) Services

Institutional sector

5^Q Percentage of the poputatrion served by and number and rate of visits of the popUlation to primary health serVice posts

(infrequently.)

c.

t'lG/DSS/8706 Annex ^I Page 10

Statistical Series Classifications Data Sources

60 Total and l2~:r._£~E!!:~total conswnp- Geoc;raphical area tion expenditures on health Oeods and Services services (annually or less ... Institutional sector frequently)

7⁰ Proportions o:f children .imnirrized against specified diseases

(more than annual.Iv)

Age

Urban~ rural or Geographical area Classification of diseases

VI" HOUSING 1" Stock and characteristics of

living quarters (every 5 or 10 years)

2" Nurnber and gross rate of additions to stock of' conventional dtl~ellings

(annually or less frequently)

30 Ratio of family nuclei to households and dVclelling urrit.s

(:i.nlrequently)

Urban) rural Geographical area . Characteristics of

living quarters Urban~ rural

Geo(T"raphlcal areas (Size and type of

place .. Lower-

priority living quarters - lower p:"iorit:y)

Urban; rural

Geographical ar~as

Population ~

housing census

Characteristics of living quarters by selected parameters⁰

Urban, rural

Geographical areas

Socio~economic?;rbup Size and type of household

. .^. . . " .

40 Personal consumption expenditure Urban; rural

on housing in currentor ·preferably scclo-ecccomc group constant prices (annually or less Distribution

frequently) . of' households according .

to total household income

Urban) rural or Geographical area Institutional sector 50 Gross fixed capital rornatdcn in

residential buildings (annually or less frequently)

60 Distribution

of

^population

according to characteristics of·

occupied Iiving quarters (every 5 or 10 years~ selected estlljnt~s

more frequently)

Statistical Series Classifications

\'iG/DSS/87,6 Annex I Page 11

Data Sources

•

7" Households accorxting to type

of tenure in living quarters (every 5 or 10 years)

8, Domestic household mer=y consumot.ion per household and cer capita, soecif'Ied periods

"(aiinuallY)' ,

9" Per capital 'tirre- use for journey- to ,;ork and travel in connect.Ion

\.Jith. household activities,

specified periods (infrequently)

Urban, rural

Geographical areas Distribution

of households accord~~

to total llousehold Incorce

Urban, rural Geosraphical area Energy source Sex, age Urban , rural Size and type of place

Type of activity 'I'irne-use

Socio"economic sroup

Energy balance

Sample Surveys (households)

WG/DSS/87.6 ANNEX: I I MAIN CONCEPrS AND (''LASSIFICATION USED

rn

THE FRAMEWORK FDR THE DJTF.)JRATION

OF SOCIAL AND DEMJGRAPHIC STATISTICS BY FIELD OF APPLICATION 1/

---:Learning-~d---Distributio~-of---

Field of Population educational. Labour income, conswnp- Health, Housing

application services tion and accumu- health services

lation and nutrition

--- ---

A. Population

l. Sex, age x x x x x x

2. Urban, rural _x x x x x x

3. Geographical area _x x x x x x

4. Size and type of place x x x x x x

5. National or ethnic origin x x x x x x

B. Learning and educational services

l . Level and field of education x x x x

2. TYPe of Education ^{x x}

C. Labour distribution of incOIIE, consumption and accwnulation

l. Type of activity ^{x x} x

2. Occupation x x

3. Socia-economic group x x x x x x

4. Distribution of .incone . x x x x

D. Health, health Services and Nutritidn

1. Diseases, injuries and causes of death

2. Impairments and handicaps 3 . Health Services

4. Nutrition standards and classifications

x x

x

x x' x

WG/DSS/87.6

Annex I I Page 2

MAn! CONCEPI'S AND CLASSIFICATION USED

rn

THE FRAMEWORK FOR THE rnTEGRATION OF SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC STATISTICS BY FIELD OF APPLICATION II

---:Le~-and------Dist;ibution-of---

Field of Population educational Labour income, consump- Health, Housing

application services tion and accumi- health services

lation and nutrition

E. Housing

1. Characteristics and facilities

2. Type of Tenure 3. Energy

F. Economic Classifications 1. Kind of economic activity 2. Government purposes

3. Institutional sector

4. Household goods and services 5. All goods and services

x x x

x x x

x x x

x x x x

x x x x

x x x

1/ Social indicators Preliminary guide and illustrative series - United Nations E.78 XVIII - B

Note: The field of application adopted are those mentioned in the present document.