Dose profile monitoring with carbon ions by means of prompt-gamma measurements
Texte intégral
(2) Dose profile monitoring with carbon ions by means of promptgamma measurements
(3)
(4)
(5) "!$#%'&%
(6) ( (*)+ ,-.-/
(7) 10"&%1234"56759804(+#% :.5;<04>=?1 6@<
(8) 3%2=?1 !ABC8)+D
(9) < %!E F
(10) G H
(11) ,I 3; )J +0> K>B;#G%)+L0%:M0%N(+@
(12) )*>6CG%83;OM3)J&%')* @A76PG%83K"5RQ,S4TU>U4V/6CG%83CWO/3>) &%1')* @6CG%83YXZ
(13) 3% I :\[BRV"]!$:MFM^4O_Fa`>b[[%5RQ+S4TS[>[\cM)d(+(+<0e%
(14) 3>3% 5;
(15) 3%N = I 3; f)g +0 %:\
(16) < )+8 3%
(17) (;> E^N)+<3%N $hAii%( )+L04@ $>6CG%83;6
(18) je%8
(19) k 8)+>/!Z8 3> l(+E:\83;Q+-\ 0%N< )*m9i4
(20) 9F
(21) <G%8343%noj3> I 83%)
(22) 3 prqstu>vPwt xzy{>|~}$;' P{r%*'|%P'j$.f' R{>>}P|'{%%j{r$Pdj<C%P~>,P PZ' R{PZk{P{%+{>{%j' P{}<{%; xrP9' R{}Z +7{_+$%A' R/%% {oAk{%jry7{'% rPP*jP,C¡$}PP_}9M%r%>| Z{%$¢ZKf{%>.'>{K;j'P>{}Z f{_%%PPPj{k¡ }P9P{%£' P{¤%P<{>f<f£{¥r{4{K£' R{¤{Kr$¦}Pk'{¤%P£' P{}P><|¦{;%§kKC{¤%%¨{ {'j {47/©ª|«{%%7 $_*j%{%R {%P{><P|¬%R<{¤_' YP>'PP¡®¥ {%9 {%9{' P{C$d%7}P$'{$' P{}P$_}9/>%'>|7¯{%*j{%_P|a°P± ²¬{%³´µ%>$7 }P}PC¶7 P{Y¸·A²¹²¬xºj><{ P»M P¼j{% PP{YK9¥r{%¼j r$½C{¸' R{a P{%C>%7 P{P'\>Rak%j{>k{%_>rk4|k¡$%P',RrP$_49<{><P_{¥ {%{>' P{}PP_}9>r }PP{r%P' P{rP %9{9»M P}Pk'{¥r;P{%~ª_PjP $A' R{_9{><<P %C${99©| {¾C'>}Pj,CRM{;*A P+ P{\{>{><{9\%P_{%jP{j{%' {K'<%{K%{k¡R¥ { P9¥r{4Y' R }PP_}9>r%>|r{%9k{K{%/y{¸*'{;+{o;'<P,Y{%%9<{o' P{P9*P,R%7P7{ 9f' R{>>}P|'{%'r{%; ·x¿ÀAÁ;ÂÃ7gÂÄÅ¿ÆC dÇPÄ7 ÈY9ÆCÂÃ7JÂÄ7 ÉY ÈY{>|9¥ k$Á R%9P' P{>}P|7ÆRPZ{'<|7ÆP P*jP97ÆP}PP_}9>r%>|Æ ÊªË Introduction É 49;' P{>k>}|Ì ¤%P<f¦' P{>k>}|ÌrP%*'|«¥r*' ¬}PÌ+$ ;¬{%% ' R r }P{k{>~¥rÍr%,Í4RK;j>{¹9{>Î%9{%jR%k%fR' R{>>}P|ºj{%% PP{Á_Ï_% Ð{j{ }P 9|7;%PZk{%PP'rjP'rPAP*{\%PoÑ{%<+{o©Ò$P4KPÓ'<%{%R4|ÔÑ©oÓ¯ÕA' P %7{j¶P*'|Kf$9' P{%}>®¼' R{µf$µ'k%>y¤Ô<¤ P{%%*j 9|¶j'{>Õ%P¶|C};%,|Î$.' P{ PP{ү¤ұ\' P{_©k>P}{%>y¤%jPÔ' Pª4'{j}R$or}Zj*j,7{ ' R{ rjÕ »M P{k{Ö¥ ×%j>{Ø>y{Ù P49;' P{>k>}|Ú}%'f7>+|Û,P;j{%Ü'PÝ' P{z'{4'r{%Ï %PP{'j>rPÞ ß À9> àKá%%k%>|â%Pà{K'<%{K>|à{%+{ã' {Ü}P{4Kk{ä{><;'PåPæ' R{×PZk{ P'+9PjPÍP{K+{>{4çjº' P{«}'{%; è<RP{%{%P¡49'>'|ºjz}P R'P$¡_' P{ér>¾_7 P7{é P{>}7*j{%r7' R{o©ª>Pr}{%>y %jP' PMP{}{>P7'jC$+|P' P{{%%Í}>%{j{>\%RP' { P{P¼' P{_'{>{4µ<{9»M P{_<'{>|{µ''<P9+|¤ P{j{>P{>P{%9Ò>P¶><|PP¶¥ * '{9Aê' P{'<7d<{j¤9;jK¶' R{µ j> PP{4¥ {%{>~' P{k{%'r{%ª}P%PPP¹%P¶' P{ P7{ P{%f{{%¤>{ $ã' P{ P$ }P{%%${47+k{%P.' P{}'{%ª}RZ*'fPP¹~' P{'{%'r{% %9> r>R_}<f{K;PAP<>YrR{%{% »ë R{{' P$PªPZk{r$P*jP<9Î1P¤ P49;' {>>}P| '{%'r{%ª>k{ {% ' P{ >| {Kr'$9¥rP ' R{Z%{4>M{%%'77RP{><PP{oP| k$r{,%P{%/C»ë R{¸'%<Pr$γ %P{%;.P$\¥r P% >{%;M{%'k{}P}P9~j{99P %ì;í ÄPIJ¬{>³´>R °PÄ í ~îÄPÄ沨{>³¸´ïÞÂ ß »M P{Ì<{>;¤<|7'j{K¤$~%P9'jk{%Ð,Íð{>%9|Í%PÐñ>}%é {¨' P{ j{%> CP{_·/Z*'k_Ór$»\rPP>}P 9|aÔ·Ó®»ëÕA' R\r{%;{9M' P{%PP, jP;'P $.
(23) }>'%{Y{K*j{%P|' P{ %PP%P{9Y%jfj{%¹<9¦+<k%jP¬Þ± ß »/¥Y£r{' P$_{. β }7+{PÁZRj{%%Ù·Ó®» ' R,fR¥
(24) µ' R{>>}P|%P'jÔ¥rd' {%%ã%Rµ}j{%¯}7<*jPP,P. {''<jP$jÕPP''k{ ·Ó®»Ù¥r*' Ð4$r{%%_9æjPrPP>}P 9|Ér9¥ {{>k¡¸' P{"<%'+*j| %{%¶P|¤ %9k <%P<fª{%<+{K|¤9¥r¡E¥ P% r}${;o' \' P{_·Ó»é%%*j$9' $ ;<+|~$C{>¼' RK' R{_,j%PjÞî ß »M Pª>|~j> ' P{Y%7''>¯P¯ {%P%%M%{%;j{> >R>y{{%%<{¸ P*jP9r}7+{o¥r*j Z> rP{>%{9. ©Ò{P{R.·Ó®»¼¡7}PjY}9j k%f'P~P{j{%'P~>|~{_{>>P{4¶ª_}PPr,P j{%> PP{ γ <4'P'{%'{K;è<PP{4{%P¡/¥ *< P¹{;' P%¹µR%P7{%%PP '¹>P'jPA' P{ P7{ P£$¤ '$¥ ,C_' P{$_{%% r}%j¡ >R R{P'P$\{{%dj{%P|{>¾%*j{%r%{K{%;% '{¸;K{;> >{%j'P$4M¥r*' P, rγ}P9*'|R²¨k{>{>¡' R{P9*%'+9PjPÔ<%C' { {4KàP+ {%jP9ÕrP' P{¶}PjP_}9%9<P¦{%f¦' $ ;<+|¬4<k{>j{%Î' R{¶}P,><|¹{%; >C{%¡E%{ >{%j'P$4¯%,ZKf$9r' P{P}' 7P»M k¡¥r{%>P{%Z%{r}PK}{Ò' { P7{9''<+9PjP$Í}PP_}9Mk%f'P{%9{%a{>"P»¼{4> PP%%,|R¡' P\{%+ {MjP{;+$% >P P{>%{¥r*' ¸} 9|7%%P¯{>{%'kP%$j_' RM¯>{Òj9>j{%PjP$ %Pr,P¬P+{;'+|¬Ü' P{P'4>y¦$Ü' RZk{4j{>k{%£' P{¤<9PP9¬rj{>k¡¼P%r{%| {%9j%%|RMKR{%j%%|1k;j{>k{%_P{P'j\>R¿Y}9jR1%j{>{4%%'>|7%ÑÒ{%%{>;<+|¡ ²¬ ª P>{£'{4 ' R{P9*P,%Ò'jfCP'$¦}PP'{¤}PP_}9_%r{¶j' P{ j><{r;Kf{K'>{%j'P«%{%ÝP|¬}P9'P«r}%P¦' 9>yÝj>j{"k¡o<9é¹%$j{% 4KPR{>YP{j{%'P¦ {}M»M P{>|¹'RP' Pª' P{¶P'Prj¹P' P{¶kKC{¶y{>}9{>{%¹' }Pr{P{><{9A}ÂÄPĸ²¨{>³ Þ ìCß è<¶' R{}P{{|~¥r{}Pk}RZk{ '¹{¾9j{Pµ' P¥ jyµ£%>'PPÎ{%% ¡¼'P¥_ Pf P9 P+|¬j><{r%{%${%j'fR¡o9P%kÏ}Pk {4<{£>{%j'P¦j>y{}$%%{4¡KR¨j r}P9{' R{P{j{%'Pj{%> PP{ P| 9¤4_7{4a'{%<P'<, ®>R{%P{><P|~P >j$ j{%> CP{R"¼·/> P' P~9|« RRr{4{K¬{><|¬{%;{>;<+|Ì}P{k{K;j{%««£{j{>~ÞÇ ß ¯»ë P}>}{% }P{k{>µ%$_}{K{%jk|Ì{'7dk¡«}>j>¡' P{¦P{>}{%PP{%R%{¦$r%£>|çKRæR{P'<P P{j{%'Pµ|{%Zª9ªrPjP~$M' P{rP{j{%jP~%9{C$è<~}>%{Ej~9Pª{¾P}{1{%k¡Z¥ { P>{ P{{Kf}{% _7jP$¤P ' R{ºðÓ. x »ëîÍ}%%y>{éÔ{>¢Ã7 Õ¬Þ° ß _»M P{é% $ ' P{9 { _7jP7.¼R' _'r}P9{%P%Pj{' P{P}9PëP"j' P{}$ 9|R¯{%r' P{_%P{%¡ >RYjY};',½;{o' P{{¾R}{>{%j%7{} è<¤PP{>'£'j$4{ RR}P 9|79%9{%¡A¥ {}P{{%; A9{ ' R{¶%%j{%¤{>{><| >Rµ<{P'+9PjP$P{P'<P$Ò%P¶%9ª}$k$%{4<9¶' R{<%P'P¤ª_·E²¹²«x Ô< ¿ ! É <ê#"<Õ.j<{.P|°P±µ²Ì{³¸´¹%>$7' Pª<{_' P7{ ¥ { k{%9{¾R}{>{%; 7x¼' P {>R{><P|¡Ã í P_' P{£%P{K;7rPP{><éP{%R''£ZK{% %$f$$ {%'P{¨'j}P}PC»ë { _{>P.%%'>|7%PR{P'<P$Ò{%*j{4¶}{>{%%'>{%Z {_jÂ>R±P¡A{j}{%j+{%,|Z xr P9¥Y¦,$ <%¡ë' R{{>R{><P|«<}{4' %r~>|7_kKC{r$Û½;{>£'£rP{µ' R> ÂIJ¬{>³7»M P<}{%'ãÒ%Y}Zk{%¶.P>{j{ }{4>y7¡>P~$¯4;<Pï%P<{j}R9 j %r9Y{%*j{4Î{%'P{~{%7++7 _{4%% P{%£¦ P$ P|¬{>¾%*j{4£%{_j{>Þ %C¡.Ã ß M»M P{ P{P'.}P{;{%¯_% ¥ P{{%P{><P|j}{%' 9{¸' P{><|P y${j_{%R{><P|~P¼'>{K; x*< RRP ' P{_{>M+{%r>9{>{kRP R¡' P{>| < RR¥Ø' P' P{}Pk_}949jr*j}$%*j| < RR¶{r P$ ~{%P9P '%9¥ ' P{rPP{rPP*P<9P¼' P{rP7{¥r*j ~%$j{%~P{j{%9 ¦ P9¥ª' P{'{ 'jfCP<f¤P.' P{ {%P{<| P{>}7<d<P¤¤ P{j{%f$%j{%¤"ªÇPĤ> ¡ }{><}{PP7>,| j ' P{ {%% P{%jPÔ' R{ '{µ %%{+j{ÒM' P{_'{}4ªP ' P{j<{"'Õ"Ex £ Pj%P4{%¡/' R{¶'$ ;{%99' ¤><{~{%P9P ¶j£,fR¥Û~%{4>k{>}><P {¥r{%{%Kr9%P P$ R<{%P{>j|aP{P'P$®Ôk{%P~' & ´'±A' R{<}{4{% $\, 'Õ¼¥ *' '9 %jjPrP{j{% . Â.
(25) Ê7ÊªË Experimental set-up »ë R{_{¾R}7{>{%j¡7}{><'P<r{% A' P{Yð¸x è '%%*'|~Ô<¿%{P¡ %P4{>Õ¡${% }97 {4{; P\°P±Y²¨{>³´ ¿ P7Ô{4Kï}97k{R®$ & 7{>{%<" | %CÄ<Õ»M P{k>${%j'~Z {%<P7 >Rç' R{Ý%é{Kr$Ð|P{;$Î$ ¿ %P ¿ ~¹>{¨' R{º%{¨¥r*j P Ä í »ë { %PP*jR%o{P'<P¹. k ¿ P7_{%%7jÝ, j+|¬><{>_R{P'j¹{%P£|{K$"M»¼ P{¶{% j{%$d| $' P{ j><{¥ r {¦99 CxܬPP{¸£P}'½;{µ' R{¶4R;<9¹j{~' { P{j{%'P" 9{ P9¥\}k{7' P{P{j{%"'f {j}7C»ë R{o{%%r¡{>¾9'4j{%_r%+¼k$º' P{ 4P7å{%%{%¡¸r}$9{%«Pé·E²¦²¬x $« P>}{4Ìj<{"a{PÌÎj{¦%R¥ ,PØ* '>jP«%$C«' P{{4KâP{%jPÝP|é{;%$~Prk{K Rj{¹%;'<P_<|7'j{%
(26) Ï{Î{4¨¥r j><{¥Y*' éP<<{{%~P{¦{%C9' 7¡ ì P %ì K~Æo' R{£{'7*µ%j{<}PPÝær{%;{%{% }{><'Pr{%¥r*j ' R{¸j{>j><{ »M P{_%,P{j{%'P<¡_>|P91%% >è®P{j{% ì %ï,~P%{j{>>R¶{KC9' P¡$¥ R¯}$%;{% ¯_P'j>P%{r$z' R{¸j><{M><|PP~$ î ì % j¶Ã ì > ¡EP{}{KRP~P' R{_%$<fk{j }»ë R{«%$jPÐ%PP<9jP$~Ak{%Ð>{æ'7>,½K{%Ð9¤'$R¥aÁ¬ÂÄ% ' P>yÍ{4 %Pj9k¡¸¥_d' Ð%Ø% <j{æ* ¥ ' ØÔ<$ 'ºîrr_Õ¶¥ 9¤ {~µÝP{j{%"'fØ%9{ ÂÄ Ô%>y9¥> P+{;'P9Õk¡ ÃPÄ «%R ÇPÄ ÌÔk'P¥ > P+{4<fCÕ¥r*j {;<}{%j ' P{æ{% θP +{%jP7;x %Pd<PP%}>%'<4<f<|j{%¢%Rf {4PP{%7 »M P{PZk{Ò¥ ¯rPdj{4 P|{%%$¯$M_{4%R %è.P{j{%9¼}P4%{%\><{>¯P'j>P;{ ~kP{>ëµ{¯_R;'9 j{}P<P}P9'PP%7j' P{¸{%%ãj{%$d|¡EP{4>f|~P{>}{%PP{%j+|a$A' P{ j><{Y}P7<*jP¬KRÝ4$jP7¯»ë Pr$P*jP_¥r%%%+Pkj{%£¥r*' ¬ E>%P>|Ì}é_ P+ P{% j{%$d<{9 »ë R{åP{j{%9 {%%CRCïÔ',{å%P {>{<| P''<+PP<f<Õ㥠}{>'P1 {% ¥r*' %P{K;<fRKM;%{;>ª{%{%'jPfRk¡ERK{%,| rè<² >},C%r}'{>ª%P¶Pr%P~_³²£ÓæPj %%*jEx¢y{4|Î}o9{¾P}{>{%¯¥r' P{ >jP¶{¥r{%{%P{j{%j{4¶% >|¦%RÖ{P'<P$£P|Í' P{«'{4<$'<$ ;j{%> CP9{ºÔj»¼ê ÕÁ' P{Ø'<{>k{KR% { {¥r{%{%Ð' P{ P{j{%'Pj{P|' P{r%jj®>P P+{K}$ R {_PA' P{¸ Ñ ,P%'Í' P{_%4%{%{jPë¥ '{%j{%P|a_»Mx¿éÔ<»¼{¸' xP%P$%%¿9{>j{>jÕ P%|¡$' P{_Pj{%kP{% ¥ {>{' P{_{P{><| P{>}7*j{% Ú>R ' R{Î'{£» k$%j{% «{%% «P{j{4"'PÌ{4{%j¡%P9¦¥r*j £' P{¤_{>Z %9 çP{j{%"j{4YP|' P{P7{ P*jP\<+C »ë R{K¤}>%{j{> P9{>¾P}{>{%j%. {j} ¥r{{ ' R{'$9¥r9ÁA+Õ' R{ j>j{j P %,P{j{%'P9j%R%{rKRa' R{rP{j{%'~%C${ ,Õ.' P{r%Pj9¸j*¼¥ ' ~+Õ.' R{ }Pk{{%P;{ PMPPK %Pd<P%$}%< P{%PP>7%7θ{P'jP$\>RP¡$+PÕ¯''<{%¡9' P{_{%{%jPr$7' P{ P{j{%j{% %9<P$ª9ªr7R<f~Pë' R{r{KR{><P|~P{%}7<*j{%~,' R{rP{j{%9P~M' P{%+.'{%<$' <$ ; \¿oPP4{><PP£' P{{%$ {'<;%}>%{j{>k¡¯' R{µj><{j'Pr%¬{j{%9r9j>R%{¤KR' P{ %Pj9 *¥r{{£{'«ÇPĬ>à%P¦Â«r¡o{9<}{4<+{K|R¡®' P{¤%PP*j$RK P{KPP«>%7 P{P'APjP{%r99' {o{%{' P%9y7A' P{»\ ê j{%> PPZ{9 Ê7Ê7ÊªË Results ,9k{_±¶< RR¥¸¥Y<9{%$$R%ëj}{%' PA' P{ <{%+K{%¯{P{><P|aP{>}7*j{%Ø ' P{Y%j{%¶kK;<jP®PjP $A' R{¸' {_P¼' γ«¥_ {%' R{_P{j{%'P> ¯ %jPÐ' P{ÝrP{«P' P{¬$º}' ºÔ¥r*j ºéP{j{4"'PÐ%C${ ÃPÄ Õ»M P{¬K;<d| {%+%{K;/{>P{>j| P{>}7*j{% {%'{>j¸' P{'%7' R7' R{P{j{%'PM%>+θ jP_ M{4{KY}{>'<{%γ ¥r*' Kr%P%j+{9%{4¡yPRR¥Y9_' P' P{*r{Rk%{%P;{|P{%rPAR{P'P$\\P<<{{% $º' R{%PP{9 x¯{>¾P}{4j{%P¡7r7/' P{ <}{%'¢®P$rj{% P|aP{P'kë¥ *' ¸P%_',{%j' <$ ;r<}{%'7 j{%+%{K;Y{%P{><P! | 9¥r{' P% ²¬{³\x }PY}9 k|¹}7{%y¬>}P}{%> γ. ±. γ.
(27) P%{%,|¹RRµ' P{j+$¤¼' P{'{¶%%{ {>{% ' RP ' P{_',{{;$*PjPP9ªªP {¾R}{j{%z{%;k{zP¦{%{%'PPæPP }P9{%~¬Ô<%Pz' ¦' R{ 9{>{4<%P >}{Ð {%%PP${9jÕd»ë P}P$_}9Ò}{%>y %Y}${j{%+| }$}{%¥r P{%' P{~P{j{%Y> Y¶f$%'$ {>|R$R' R{ ©ª>P¤}{%yk{>$f»¼ P{j%.' R}P RRP{j{%'f ¥r*j ²¬{>³ %_}${j{%| 9{>¥Y P{%{4 P|_' R{P{P'jP%>yPP9Pr}7{;¼'r}{><'P<ÍPRP{{%{;'P{%P{><P|%P '{PM< '$j{¸}PP_}9 >|P»M P{{%j9{P +9{±µ RR¥M' P{_{%{%j_¥ { P>{ > RZk{KZÁ ²¨{>³Ð>Rr<±_$ »\ê γ ±r$ {A¯%P$P{>¯rP{%7$P%7}P'a' P{_}P{fR\P{%7$R%A<}{;'Ðj 99j>' P{<{~' _j}{%' ¥r*j ¹Î {%{%jP ²¨{>³M»ë Pj,{~$'$ ;_j}{%' Ô<r{%'{%_¥r*' P{j{%'f%9{ ÃPÄ 1Õ\\}P{;{%j{%r! 9{îaKf$9_¥r*j ¥ ' R{>.<}{%' θ ÂÄ KR {%9{4¦ ÇPjÄ }>{ '
(28) é{¤Ü%¶¦' R}${µ9j{%{49Î'' P{%{~£<K}r{%'% k4Ô '|¨ R{%$_%}yPPPP{%R;YRRCj>P{%{%¦%kj{{> θ a%>yPP9Pθ£ PC'%'f¤Pª {>|R$Ra' R{P }' ~®99  ì r_Õ$xrª{>¾P}{%>j{%P¡P' P{_P{P'jP~%Y}R{K;P{4>{%k{.¥r*j ' P{Y>9{ P\P{j{%'PÁ$'P ÇPÄ ªÔ'P¥r >9{%Õ¡7*\>RP¥Y;{¸' P{k"j{ {%9{% ¯ÃPÄ >Rµ' 9{4{ θj,{9' P{kj{r{%9θ k{% ÂÄ 7è<PP{;{;P¡M' P{R{P'<Prr{% %,|Î%${ $ ' R{r${%ï$M' P{%P{%¯}P< {;'{%¡AP{>P'jª>{r{%dj{%µ}Pk{><{{>j%|'P¥ > >C${9$²¨{9{>¡7' P{r>¾ ÚP¼' P{R{P'P',{'+9P'f>k{%9{¥r*j µ' R{%9{$ P{j{%'PÁ' P{Í><{>¦' P{ÐP{P'ï{%r$ï%9{%¡µ' R{z9¥r{>£' R{%+«{%% y$P{<Í{%P{>j|Z ÂÄ ª>P ÇPÄ %%{%7P{>k{%9¯{%%7¥r*' P ¿R%{><PP } P¡' R{¸j{.{%'{% ' P{¬{>¾P}{>{%j%P%{>'jK;<{;»¼ R{¨kj{Ý9θ9 j,{;Ø~ÃPÄ ¤¹ jf|¢K{>¡_%*' RRP é¥r{ %>PRR/%PP%*P{ P<%%/>PkR'j}9|' Pj>{Ô}/PZ' P\{%<j{%/%%_{'<+9Pj{%' >¤>{%9k{ $.' P{ <{K¤${¥ã¥r R{K' R{ P{j{%9rP{%¹¥r>|¹$ã' { P{j{%'P¤%9{ ÃPÄ Õ»ë R{>{%'P{%¡$' P{%j%yPPRR' jf| {j{>M4>y9¥r %9{9\¥r P θ%9 Ï{j>y{>é4RK;j>{¦P'P' P{¦P{;,éP £}P|C}{'ær}P9{' R{¦k>,<P {¥r{%{% |7\>RjR{P'<P$k¡_}<f7>A¥ *' r P+$ {KR{><P|_{%% γ P®' R{}P{;{%.¥ P<yP¡E¥ { k{%P{j{%'P%C${ ÃPÄ jÎ {;{_' P{P{j{%'P¶kj{ }PP{¬RÝPjPºP' R{Ý$C$d%_}7*<f 9 θ9 { ì P9¥¶%r«%PºR{P'<P }PP{9 Ôj%j{<}RRCÝj Ä_$jÕ «%PPP{;'f¦¥r*j «¦%%{%Ý} {¤P' P{·E²¹²«x j><{/>j{>M+j%P'9»M P%CyEAj' P{ P$ PZk{P{K+{>{%j¸' R{oj><{M Ô Ä ð¸|CÕ¡' P{P%>{% ½;PP{ ¥ 9éP>jy{KR{%P¡¤%9¥rP×Í}P{%% { P{j{><<f $£' P{ $ãkKC{PÁ îÛ »ë { %P_}>PØr' P{ >|«}Pk${£¥r*j Ý' P{¦><y{>{4æ{%¦{>¾9j{>7f$é%{%>,|Í P9¥' Pr' P }PP{_'jP9f|Î%Pγ <{>fj{%µµ' P{P~}' µ' {_j><{êµ' R{%P >|R¡E' R{P{P'~|P{% 9¥r+|¤>{%; {;'P¼' P{r}Zj*<f. {4%{R{P'P$Ò>{rP'*j{>{%¶P| ' R{{4 %Pj9\P' P{>| >{rZ''+|{%dj{%'9¥r>k'¥ >r>9{ ê¸R{Ý>|º{«<}P{%æP|é' {¬{%P P%P%{%{%µr' P{ k4|é|{%ÐR{><{4Ï¥r R{Ké' P{ P {j{%'P\> \7' R{o©ª>Pr}{%>y$4'P7C»ë P\%%_{}'+|'γ<+9Pj{4¸'}P7+{¸P{%9{$ >{%j'P>7{4<fë¥ P{%_' P{P{%P{><P|aP{%>{4{ªÞ Ä ß ÉYR¥ {{>¡' R{¸R><9¥_R{¯$ ' PY{%P P%P;{%{%4>{¶rP{µ}Pj9>+|¦{>¾R}$%{9ÎP|' P{~{Kj<{%P{%j+{%,|¹9£k%j+{ P{%%>|_j{¯$M{¾%*j{%>{%
(29) é*j k%f<+{{%%>|_j{;.E' P{9P{>\PE' R{¸}' k"'P P®' R{µf¤' P{j><{ÒÔ .'{¥ãj{>$}$f%Zk{%;R$<Õ¡. ¤a|{%¤{KP R%P%{%{%Ò%9Î{ {>}Pj%{%P|_}Pk{K><| _<f Ê
(30) Ë Discussion »ë R{z%%j{%k{̤' P{ k| }PP{zÔ%{%+|Ù' R{Öj}j%{k$*Pjï%P ' P{ P{j{%'Pj{;<Õr{%{.' P{r{%+ {K{%γÒP%¤R<,P{ rPP*j'PPµ' R{>>}P|7èRP{%{%P¡E¥r*j ¤ +%j%yPPRRº'ÍP~4RP±Ð' R{¨©ª>PÐ}{%yz%jPP¡' P{«º%9{Ì%º{ P{j{>j{% ¥r*j %¤%4%>|Î$>9P r Exµ¥ {P¤97{{ >99 Ä }PP_}9%r î.
(31) }{>%${%;.P¥r*j ~P${ ì %ãP%{j{>¡ ì %Ö' P>y >èÔ<»M+ÕªP{j{%¯$4j{%~¯ÇPĶ% >R' C9P ¤Â£¥rP{ %$<P7»M P|P{¹%%Î{µ>k{%9{%P||C}%%,|±PP{> >P*P{P|¤r}P99¬Á,Õ' P{r{%$r{'j;K\{%'<%{%R4|P|¤rP{ ' RK~¤PP{>ÒPo >$Pd${ ' P9y¸Î' R{¶»\ê ¬j{%> CP{a' Rr>y{9_d}7+{aj¤{%%{' R{µ4<P¦ P{KPPjÎ' R{ _âKR¨j«P>{4 {Î' R{£ { PP{j{%'Pk¡, Õ' P{£;'17¦{%j%{%P>|¡o¥ *< Ì{%*j P{> ><{> >èkÔ<»ë Õ %,;<j¯9.' R{>P{j{4"ª> a¼©Ò "
(32) Ï{_%%' R{>{%'P{_{>¾P}{%¯Y|R{K $ Ä }P_}9 '|rja{_ *j}${;aP|' P{ Ä Ä {%+{%~'¼' R{¸'{%'r{%¯P\ K. rP¨¥Y*' P γ PP{ {9ÜÞ Pß »M ÌP{z;P'j ¥r*' }P$Y}9¦%P'fïÌ{%%'<C ²¬P{R{>¡P}'r½9'Ì$' R{¨P%j$%>yPPkPÝ<é%Ý{¹RCjKR{%«R{%%{9k><|«| r}P99_' P{o'{{k$*PjPr7' R{KrP{j{%'P r{{%P}${%>k{£,¬}PPP{ _jÝ}PkR{9PZk{rPP*jP<9Ýj{4> PP{9À$r{¤$ ' P{% ¥rA{R{%%{9k><| '~RCj>~P{>%{' P.r{;{\' P{_{% {%{%;ª. R%9P' R{>>}P|~P7{ r$Pdj<C¶¥r*j µ' R{y$RP$¶{4K Ak{%'Ò;>P<%PjPP¡MP%{K|¤ P$ {%{><P|R¡ PPP'}97{4µ{4K ®${%+{>{%P|<|RK C9jPè<PP{4{%P¡\ P+ {>R{><{9k¡¥ {_{¾R}{%¯f><{> P{P'£%>yPP9P¬%PÝRR}9k{%ݨ{% r}$|¦' P' P{¶'{{%<{>k{>%{'P_' P{¤»\ê j{%> CP{¶ P9'{µ}PjRfP{%P| ¶'¸P{j{%'Pj{>4{>}9'9' R{a{;KaM»ë R{9{~P{4{%}{% ¥r R}{%,|¹{>K4{¶'PYRP{>¾9ª{%%Üj,{ðrÀè'%,Pj{~9_P7{ rPP*j9 j{%> CP{o¥r*j ro|C}$%% %9P' P{>}P|_{%% .
(33) é*j P' P{%{P' P{. Z{%P% · P{ <fRK®${µÑÒ{%% R{>% P{{%É%9k;' P{>}${4¡ë' P{ ÑÒ{{4>% rPR}P {K;/ð Ñ«²¦èjÂ9©¡7}P}Pj{%P|_' R{ {%P% ¿ ÑYÀ¡KR ' R{oÓ»\ê¸è Ó¬%{%j{M' . É %9P' P{>}P|P¡A'}P}j{%P|' R{Ñ PP{_x}{R\ÑÒ{KPP¡' P{>ªP{9>{_RR¥ÍPP{>'j>y{>j r}P9{o' P\PZk{¸ P*jP<9_j{% PP{C . ì.
(34) >Õ. PÕ.
(35) !"#$%&%'
(36) ()*,+ -.*,) $+- /+10
(37) 23 /45"64*%7 89/:3*&"#;<>=? @BA3 *$ 0*C3*D*EGF=?=DHI.$* KJLM /-:NO9P%723*- 0-KQ8P%72 *+R63%7 S+-T. P08(*U"VW X * +- $Y /+13&
(38) +4 6$Z$9Y63* *+&/\[4]^%_"6 *%_6W Z.** `a^YW&B*232P3%'$B2Yb"c
(39) %&%. Beam. 'c$ dFb : '"B6W & e* *3%7 -.2f9 :ghia^YWjk.$ gh6*gT%l3j+- $'+-T.*- VT BV[4]^%m*+D +- 6 `3*l*2Y ]*pfJqarYW& /9 BW B0- /%E+-P 63*- θn,o. Ç.
(40) ><4 #a^*g6+-3%7 ,3$2 9 % "W g: 4(*23 - **'+- $Y6 *+' 3'W
(41) *23233%l/6 *+V93-:3232P/6$ $ZM": 63* ")6W ^3%&
(42) ")"2PW-M a^W 'γ W( +- : $
(43) *3%'f/5M2P**3* /#W
(44) %7q++-23 ^")6W >3* W Jqa^bWi'+- 6 TP*i*23 ]$p : W 2b "Tr .*23 $` /T*+5.1W & 23 P* "B $%7- g(5a^ W, $ θn,6
(45) γ o B -9 *' 2P 3* W$
(46) -*+MW( B qW-* Z. θ. θ . θ!". CN$ )3%& gT"6gh"6233*W-S9 6U%& *$6 *+ /?6W E+- `3* *23 *GJ c$]$p ]$p_*+ [$]4p?"$C 23**YT+-3*2,$9Y63* %7% +'7 2P :3*V*7W ^ *&+- $Y /+7d B= θ n @^
(47) )W ^o 3T #$ /9*+#.
(48) n W 63%7 gT"6gh"2P3*W-&9 6 % "
(49) 6W W.*7*0-.*3 *+X"T: * T0-.3*X"&i0,*$ +MO 9 % JT $+- /+7 c!%&%1 n. °.
(50) $ B : TP*C: * $ D"T3*O"'W ?23*bT+-3*21$YP* X*0-.*3 *+ "$ 6W Ta^S+-Y"T": / - 23 63*
(51) *DW k63%7 V"^"T2PW-
(52) *,+ 6W- ' * +4 $9Y6 *+DC3D6W- +8 `6 $'3+-Y//: *+DP?/ '< W.*' 23 :3*'J: 4$ ^$%70*2T#+1 -.*' 23 63*'J3`2b ^9$%70*2T. %.
(53) u w s. Þ ß ;x KP7%Rðr%È%j¡RÑÒ{>}>·jK· 9|CÇ %YÔÂÄPÄ ì Õ %CÇ ÞÂ ß èPÀP P%¡a$À> R>j¡Éa;ð{%k{Kf¡RÉaèj<P% P¡9Ó%ÈY>Cy7{%{%*j¡ð%È%j¡PxrK²¨>{%¡R²Ï \K²¨ R>¡ ðP ² 9½C{%9{<¡ \ >y{%¡M¿AÀ> {%{%9{><{¡A>
(54) çAÀ% ¥ 4¡ _%è<7'"$xP ²¬{' ©¡ P °_Ô ÃPÃPÇ9ÕMÂP ޱ ß ·.ª¿.{j}$¡ê¸};'½;jPºPèjP©¸{%% ·/7*'PÝÓ.$é»\ P}P 9|º'P ²¬PP*jj,P Ér{%P|rèPr»/rPM»M P{>k>}|R¡ rk{>j'PÁd» r1 'j%Kj¡ 4K 9{>{%% · 9|7y¡ÂÄPÄ ì Þî ß ñ%¼·/¥ {K y{%¡»o¼©ÒP''{%P ¡ \ {4{>¡»¼ÈY*7{4¡ ¼ ²
(55) $>y{¡Òȼ·/>k$9¡ \¼ ·
(56) PPk% P¡ðr À R>y,P¡%P
(57) çKÓ¯9 P>kj¡9詪詪x² }P%{%{%P97\ÔÂÄPÄP°9Õ\ÃP° Þ ìCß ¿¸dÉa%²¦P¡¿KÉa>È_¡9²éd 9P¡>P_ñ4*
(58) Ð%È_r¡x}P}$%·M 9| {d¡ %CÃ_Ô'ÂÄPÄPÇ9Õ %C± ì ° ÞÇ ß Ó»\{j%¡¸²Ïo©Ò >P¡¸²Ï¿o R{>%{¡ a rP{><PP{4¡ ë { 97 R{>¡ ~ {P¡ñ%d²Ï j>9¡Pñ%d<¿%·P+½;j¡¿>Ñ>|R¡>P²éC»\{j¡x}P}%· 9|7 {k9ÃP±_Ô'ÂÄPÄ %;ÕMÄPÃP± ì ÄPÇ Þ° ß ÀEMx7',R{% ªÔ<ðoÓ¯ x »M>P'P9Õ¡ %Jè<7'' A²¬{' R$$Yx¡ ì ÄPǦÔÂÄPÄP±9Õ Â ì ÄP<±PÄP± Þ% ß ðA²¬ P{>½;¡ \ ²éA²¬ ¡ À> ;P'½;¡ð¸|
(59) Ï'¡oñ% >½K¡¯²Ï kKCy{%¡À/É > %¡¼ÑY ÉrP+½;KPR¡ë·¯ P'<fPR¡ ë {% 4R{%¡ëÉa
(60) P 9{>k¡¼xrE²¬ R¡.»o²¬{¥r>½K¡
(61) çE²¬*' ¡ Ñ_
(62) çê_j{PPP<'¡¸ñ4 É dðr®K¬·M¡¸ñ4 {>j¡·\¼ÑÒR {%<¿ P$r½;¡xrÀ$ {>j¡ÑY É À${% {%P¡PÑ_À7ÀPr$R!¡ ª7À9 jyR¥<y¡$³
(63) é>P{¡>P_É
(64) Ð
(65) é % Pj¡· 9|7" {k©Ø±9îÃ Ô ÃPà ì ÕM± ÞÃ ß É '{%{%>y{>\P_ñxÏ·/7'PP¡PxP%ÑÒ{> %%·/>À>d¡PîÄ_Ô ÃPÃPÄ9Õ P ±P îPî Þ Ä ß
(66) é ×À P{%P¡¼©
(67) ÏKC¡.ñ {%9¡
(68) Ï ¯ P%P" ¡ Y<# » ¯ Ì%PÓ · {%9¡ _%'E·M 9|Mx îÃ Ô Ã %CÃ9Õ ±PÄ Þ Pß À> P>k>P' R{oÉr{%P|èPr»M P{>k>}| ¿$4k'R¡ _>%· 9|7Cxr9° %C°P¡PÔÂÄPÄP°9Õ/ÇP±P±P. Ã.
(69)
Documents relatifs
To test whether the vesicular pool of Atat1 promotes the acetyl- ation of -tubulin in MTs, we isolated subcellular fractions from newborn mouse cortices and then assessed
Néanmoins, la dualité des acides (Lewis et Bronsted) est un système dispendieux, dont le recyclage est une opération complexe et par conséquent difficilement applicable à
Cette mutation familiale du gène MME est une substitution d’une base guanine par une base adenine sur le chromosome 3q25.2, ce qui induit un remplacement d’un acide aminé cystéine
En ouvrant cette page avec Netscape composer, vous verrez que le cadre prévu pour accueillir le panoramique a une taille déterminée, choisie par les concepteurs des hyperpaysages
Chaque séance durera deux heures, mais dans la seconde, seule la première heure sera consacrée à l'expérimentation décrite ici ; durant la seconde, les élèves travailleront sur
A time-varying respiratory elastance model is developed with a negative elastic component (E demand ), to describe the driving pressure generated during a patient initiated
The aim of this study was to assess, in three experimental fields representative of the various topoclimatological zones of Luxembourg, the impact of timing of fungicide
Attention to a relation ontology [...] refocuses security discourses to better reflect and appreciate three forms of interconnection that are not sufficiently attended to