HAL Id: jpa-00221950
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Submitted on 1 Jan 1982
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THE CRYSTALLINE LATTICE STABILITY AND MARTENSITE NUCLEATION MECHANISM IN
ALLOYED STEEL
Yu. Petrov
To cite this version:
Yu. Petrov. THE CRYSTALLINE LATTICE STABILITY AND MARTENSITE NUCLEATION MECHANISM IN ALLOYED STEEL. Journal de Physique Colloques, 1982, 43 (C4), pp.C4-91-C4- 95. �10.1051/jphyscol:1982406�. �jpa-00221950�
JOURNAL PH DE YS IQ UE
Colloque C .l, supple'ment au
no Tome 12,
43 de'cembre , 2982
page C4 -9 1
THE CRYSTALLINE LA
TT IC E ST AB IL IT Y AND MARTENSITE NUCLEATION
MECHANISM
IN ALLOYED STEEL
Yu.N. Petrov institute The of Metal
Physics oJ the Ukrainian Academy
of Sciences, Kiev,
U.
S.
S R. .
(Revised text accepted 14
September 1982)
ct A
.- In this
work t he e ff ec t of t he s ta ck in
g chromium-manga- and manganese in ) SFE ( e rgy % ?en f %
ne se a us te ni te on th e cr ys ta ll og ra ph ic mechanism
of me- te is us Th a ed oy ll of a ! considered. S F& is he by t formation determined nucleus te is si en rt chanism ma ni
te thermodynamical and al ur ct ru st s it by determined as parameters.
1ntroductioq.- Ma rt en si ti c nu cl ea ti on
s i
di re ct ly r el at ed t o
th e cr ys ta ll in e la tt ic e st ab il it y in re al iron-base al
lo ys whe-
re a cooperative c
ry st al li ne l at ti ce rearrarqement ta
ke s pl ac e
wi th ou t
changes of aqy
so li d so lu ti on composition.
T w o mechanisms of m
ar te ns it ic t ra ns fo rm at io n ar e consi-
dered t o be p os si bl e in th e al lo ye d st ee ls w it h di ff er en t sta-
bi li ti es of th e au st en it e cr ys ta ll in e la tt ic e expressed quanti-
ta ti ve ly i n terms of
th e
/I/. SFE
The experimental in
ve st ig a-
ti on have extended on
id ea s about t
he s ta bi li ty of th e cr ys ta l-
li ne l at ti ce of al lo ye d au st en it e.
I n th e iron-base
al lo ys a
temperature dependence of
SFE fo r au st en it e was found to
depend n ot only upon t
he a us te ni te composition bu
t al so upon
th e st ru ct ur al s ta / te /. 2-4
It wa s li ke wi se shown th
at cooling
re su lt s no t only i
a n
sp li tt in g of t he p er fe ct d is lo ca ti on s in to
pa rt ia l ones b ut a ls o to an in cr ea in se th ei r mo bi li / ty
/.
ti 5 ca lo is d ng yi ud st r fo techniques on ti lu so high re of use Theon
st ru ct ur e re ve al ed s ta ck in g fa ul ts i n au st en it e even w it h re la -
ti ve h ig h
in SFE
fo ,
r example,
iron-nickel al lo ys /6/.
st A
ru c-
tu ra l se ns it iv it y of
in SFE
a us te ni te , es pe ci al ly i n al lo ys con-
ta in in g such elements as
carbon which show
a tendency to
segre-
ga ti on on th e st ru ct ur al i mp er fe ct io ns was al so r ev ea le /7/. d
was n SFE
ot s pe ci fi ca ll y
included
in th e heterogeneous
theory based on t
he concept
"
of pr ee xi st in g"
nu cl ei /8/,
but
is it
in cl ud ed in r ec en t models of
ma rt en si te n uc le at io n /9-14/.
Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1982406
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l e v e l i n t h e p r e m a r t e n s i t e s t a t e .
Cx~st&&g&a~hic mechanisms of m a r t e n s i t e n u c l e i form&ion i n
-
t e n i t e w i t h v a r i o u s SEE.- In a l l o y e d s t e e l s undergoing t h e marten-
s i t i c transformation, t h e a u s t e n i t e SFE is a thermodynamical s t r u c -
t u r a l parameter /II/. For r e l a t i v e l y h i g h SEE t h e f i r s t Gcansforma-
t i o n d i s l o c a t i o n loop forming t h e n u c l e u s occurs as a r e s u l t of a
p e r f e c t d i s l o c a t i o n which forms p a r t of t h e Frank n e m o r k ( Fig.&)
s p l i t t i n g i n t o s e s s i l e p a r t i a l s w i t h Burgers v e c t o r s 2 4 3 (111)
and a/6 (110) and g l i s s i l e p a s t i a l Schockley d i s l o c a t i o n s of
a / 6 (112) type ( 2ig.2b). I n t h i s case, howevar, t h e s p l i t t i n g i s
Pin.2 : Scheme showing a formation mechanism of d i s l o c a t i o n
t r a n s f o r m a t i o n loop a t
7
-, &'
l a t t i c e rearrengement:a ) Frank's d i s l o c a t i o n network i n a u s t e n i t e ,
b) c ) a formation mechanism of t h e p o l e 2a/3 (111) d i s -
l o c a t i o n and t r a n s f ormational a / I 8
<
I12>
d i s l o c a t i o n , d ) t r a n s i t i o n mechanism of d i s l o c a t i o n t r a n s f o r m a t i o n a lloop from i n i t i a l (111) p l a n e of a u s t e n i t e i n t o neigh-
b o w i n g one.
small and t a k e s p l a c e i n t h e d i s l o c a t i o n core only. Because of t h e
h i g h SF'%: a s p l i t t i n g of t h e s e s s i l e a/6 (110) t y p e d i s l o c a t i o n s
i n t o transformation d i s l o c a t i o n of a / I 8 (112) t y p e w i t h small Bur-
g e r s v e c t o r i s e n e r g e t i c a l l y f a v o u r a b l e ( Fig.2b). I n t h i s c a s e the
.IOURNAL DE PHYSIQUE
i n c r e a s e d s u r f a c e energy of t h e nucleus f o r a transformation dis-
l o c a t i o n loop i s compensated by a lower e l a s t i c energy.
The transformation d i s l o c a t i o n may move through t h e (111)
p l a n e under t h e a c t i o n of t h e c r y s t a l transformation s l x e s s . If t h e
transformation d i s l o c a t i o n c r o s s e s a s e s s i l e one of 2a/3 (1x1)
type, this a c t s a s a p o l e d i s l o c a t i o n and a d i s l o c a t i o n jog i s f o r -
med allowing p a r t of t h e transformation d i s l o c a t i o n t o e n t e r a
neighbouring c l o s e p a c k e d p l a n e ( F i g . 2 ~ ) . This process provides
f o r t h e transformation l o o p s i n (111) a u s t e n i t e p l a n e s t o be f o r -
med i n s e r i e s t h u s producing an ABBBAB packing sequence. A s t h e
r e s u l t of t h i s p r o c e s s a nucleus of B.C.C. m a r t e n s i t e i s formed.
For a u s t e a i t e w i t h low SFE p a r t i a l Schockley d i s l o c a t i o n s
w i t h Burgers v e c t o r a / 6 < I I 2 ) a r e formed and a r e s e p a r a t e d i n t h e close-packed plane a t considerable d i s t a n c e s . An i n t e r a c t i o n bet-
ween this type of d i s l o c a t i o n and a p o l e of type 2a/3 (111) r e -
s u l t s i n t h e formation of H.C.P. m a r t e n s i t e analogous t o t h e t r a n s -
formation mechanism i n c o b a l t /I?/.
The c r y s t a l l o g r a p h i c mechanism of m a r t e n s i t e formation i n
a l l o y e d a u s - t e n i t e i s determined by the SPE of i t s c x y s t a l l i n e lati-
t i c e i n p r e m a r t e n s i t e s t a t e involving thermodynamical parameters and its a u s t e n i t e s t r u c t u r e . Thus t h e importance of t h e a u s t e n i t e c r y s t a l l i n e l a t t i c e s t a b i l i t y i n t h e m a r t e n s i t e n u c l e a t i o n mechani- s m i s evident.
Ref erenceg.
I. DLLY P.M., Bcta Wet., (1965) 635.
2. LATANISION R.M., EUFF B.W., Met.Trans.
2
(1971) 505.3 . LBCR0ISE;Y P., TIiOhlAS B., Phys.St.501.
2
(1970) K217.4. GHlDNXV V.N., PXTROV Yu.N., RYZHKOV Yu.T., Ukrainsky Fizicheslry
Zhurnal
a
(1974) 579.5. VOLOdhVICH P.Yu., GRIDNEV V.N., PSTROV Yu.N., Bizika metallov i
metalloved.,
2
(1372) 788.6. ADZXV V.M., PUTROV Yu.N., Fizika metallov i metalloved.,
48
(1979) 1271.
7. PE;TROV Yu.N., Metallofizika 2 (1980) 102.
8. KAUPMAN L., COHEN M., Progress i n Metal Physics V I I (1958) 165,
London, Pergamon.
9. B T R O V Yu.N., Metallofizika iss. SL) (1974) 51.
10. l?El?ROV Yu.N., Metallofizika iss.55 (1974) 11.
11. PETROV Yu.N., Defects and diffusionless transformation i n steel, Kiev, "Naukova dumka" (1978) 262 p.
12. OLSON G.B., C O m M.
,
Met.Tran8.A.a
(1976) 1905.13. OLSON G.B., COHXD M.
,
blet.'I?rans.A,a
(1976) 1915.14. OLSON G.B., COHEN M., Met.Tran8.A.
a
(19761 1879-15. GRIINROV G.N., PETROV Yu.N., RIZHKOV Yu.T., Pizika metallov i metalloved.,
48
(1979) 660.16. VOLOSEVICH P.Yu., GRIDNEV V.N., PbTROV Yu.N., Pizika metallov i metalloved., (1975) 554.
17. SXEGER A., Z.Metallkunde (1953) 247.
