Experiments with a Layered Transmission Scheme over the Internet
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(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. Experiments with a Layered Transmission Scheme over the Internet Thierry Turletti Sacha Fosse Parisis Jean-Chrysostome Bolot. N˚ 3296 Novembre 1997. THÈME 1. ISSN 0249-6399. apport de recherche.
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(63) mDkur rvxvmobklcWkvkyo¸®. Unité de recherche INRIA Sophia Antipolis 2004, route des Lucioles, B.P. 93, 06902 Sophia Antipolis Cedex (France) Téléphone : 04 93 65 77 77 - International : +33 4 93 65 77 77 — Fax : 04 93 65 77 65 - International : +33 4 93 65 77 65 à partir du 01/01/1998 Téléphone : 04 92 38 77 77 - International : +33 4 92 38 77 77 — Fax : 04 92 38 77 65 - International : +33 4 92 38 77 65.
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(126) mIrvdN|rvyAkly{¦§
(127) mo dN| §<rld
(128) xv~d
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(130) x rvy f¡<°±
(131) &°4rly$rl_~dWxm{}~|q t¬b
(132) xld=mokl~.<nbc#Hd
(133) xPy{¢«
(134) yoce}bm{bd=kAkld
(135) ~$yoxPo<~¬m¡£5m¡t$§Drvd
(136) xv~d&r rvd
(137) d
(138) }~_byoStkyo¢ ru£5moxldD°{m{b|#rlyPrv_~d`b
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(140) xmIrvdN|#<trl_~d=kd5rldN dN}~_~yD~dNkN® ³od
(141) \rl_byon~D_ cey<kur.yo¢rl_~d[&yoceced
(142) x&m{ A&yoce}bmo~dNk,Soyo od=|¾¿rv_~dµ§<rldNxlbd&r.rvd
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(144) }~_byoStK~n]k~dNkvk.|bmIrldrl_~d Hd
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(147) mo ^"dN9 k &§<rld
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(153) mo "t sm{rrl_~$d #¶moxv_[fNDD# ³&^ %' ( º®¹¯syI£«dNod
(154) x=°S¤rk`rvxln~drv_bmIr yD~ t[xvdN
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(156) <rl tÀ_bmDk\monb|qy[mob|YS|qd
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(188) b|¬|~m{rvmWmIrmWxvm{rldP£_~_²|qySdNk`by{r|qd
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(192) ¶&yq|q~.kv_~d
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(194) b
(195) d¥y{¢³k d
(196) b
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(203) d\rv_~d
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(216) Dd
(217) xvd\
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(237) x =?>@BADC2AFEEGDH
(238) E I/JBAFKL
(239) AFADJBCNMOCNMPGFH/E+>Q9R0ST6JB@BJBM
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(255) mIrvyDb6k |~y<d=k,~yor.xld=·<n~xvd¶ceyq|q¤ÁH
(256) mIrvyDbkervyYxlyDnqrldNxkyo¢ ru£5moxld¶mob|_~d
(257) ]&dNm{]dce}~ d
(258) ced
(259) <rvdN|¿rl_~d
(260) n~xvxldNDrP§<rld
(261) xv~d
(262) rN®¯yI£5d
(263) Dd
(264) x=°b~yD~dWy{¢³rv_~dW
(265) yoceced
(266) x&m{ "rlySyo kA£«dem{xvd\m¡£`m{xvd¥y{¢¹n]kd=kPmoSt¬´Sb|µyo¢ xmIrvd¥&yo<rvxlyD
(267) ®¹^`_bk`k~yorkly,knbxl}~xvk~emI¢ rldNxsm{ ¸klb
(268) d~yo²xmIrld¥
(269) yo<rlxvyo d=|.mo}~}~ NmIrlyo]k¹rvd
(270) b| rvy krld=m{ \bm{]|q£|qrl_[¢¨xlyDc xmIrlde&yD<rlxvyo d=|m{}b}~
(271) m{rlyobkN°'mob|µrv_Snbk¥}~xvyIS|qdWHd&rrvd
(272) x·<nbmo rut¶rly rv_~d
(273) x`nbkld
(274) x+k ¨rl_~k`£ ±Hd n]kurvxvm{rldN|.^ *Sd=rlyo ( &®-^`_~k`c,mo´odNk«rmo 4rv_~dceyoxvdscW}Hyoxlrvmo<r5rv_bmIr mo m{}~}b
(275) m{rlyobkHd#xmIrvd#&yD<rlxvyo d=|¬klb&d¥rv_~d#
(276) n~xlxvd
(277) <rs§<rvd
(278) xv~d&rA|~y<d=k~yors}~xvyIS|qd¥b
(279) d
(280) <rlod=krly Hd
(281) _]m¡odP¶m\¢:m{x£`m¡to® sq¢¨yoxlrln~]mIrldN tD°~rv_~d#|qd=ko²y{¢-xmIrvd&yo<rvxlyD ¸kl_~dNcedNk`¢¨yDxc#n~ rl
(282) mDkurAxld=m{ 4rlced#m{}b}~
(283) m{rlyobkk by{r\m¶klce}~ dd
(284) p<rvxvmo}]yD m{rlyo[y{¢`rl_bd.^ w ¦º ´od.klyonbxv
(285) dW]mokldN| &yDDrvxlyD ¹kv_~d
(286) cedNknbkd=| Stn~~
(287) mDkur |bmIrvmKm{}~}~
(288) mIrvyDbk,¢¨yDxru£5yYc,m{?xvdNmoklyo]k
(289) ® %xkrN°sklyon~x&dbmokldN|xmIrvd&yDDrvxlyD skv_~d
(290) cedNk.nbkl~ ¢¨dNdN|q]mo´²~¢¨yoxvcem{rlyomo]yDnqrPrl_~dekurmIrvd\yo¢³rl_~dW~d
(291) ru£«yDxl´¶|qy$~y{r¥klNm{ d#£5d
(292) £¤rv_µrl_bd\Sn~c\]dNxPyo¢ }]m{xlrl&}bm{<rvk¶rv_~d#c\n~ rl
(293) mokrADxlyDn~}¸°]ce}~ tS~rl_bm{rsrl_bd#xmIrld#y{¢-d&p~_bmo~od¥yo¢¹m{St$q¢¨yDxlc,mIrvyD Hd&ru£5d
(294) dN²}bm{xlrl&}bm{<rk«bd
(295) dN|bk`rly,Hd
(296) moxld
(297) ¢¨n~ t.
(298) yo<rlxvyo d=| Dq°b
(299) º® *SdN
(300) yob|¸°bkyDn~x&dPbmokldN|²kv_~d
(301) cedNk |~y~y{r5klNm{ d£«dN ]£¤rv_,rl_bds d
(302) odN byo¢4_bd&rldNxlyDodN~d
(303) rut#,rl_bds~xm{b_bdNk-yo¢Hrv_~dsc\n~ rl
(304) mokr¹rvxldNdsm{]|]©¡yDx rl_bd.}bmoxrv
(305) }bmo<rvkN®¬^`_~kk\]d=
(306) m{n]kderv_~d$klyon~x&dNm{YmD|¡zunbkrrl_~d.xvm{rldyo¢mkurvxld=m{c rvyµc,mIr_ rv_~dexld=·<n~xvd
(307) cedNDrkPy{¢«yD~de}bm{xlrl&}bmoDOr ¨Ê® do®Wrly¶mo|bm{}qrrly¬rv_~d,kurmIrldeyo¢«yobdWbxvmob_rv_~derlxvd
(308)
(309) d ° bnqr¹r«
(310) mo~~y{r³c,m{rv_erl_bds&yDqªbrl~¥xvdN·<n~xldNced
(311) <rvk yo¢4c\n~ rl}~ ds_~d&rvd
(312) xvyoodN~d
(313) yDnbk }bmoxrv
(314) }bmo<rvk :Q® do® mD|~m{}~r5mIr«rl_~dkvm{cedrvcedArly\|~4 4d
(315) xvd
(316) <r5krvm{rld=k¹yo¢"|q HdNxldNDr5~xm{b_~d=pk &b® ³moxlyon]k¹m{}b}~xly<mo_~d=k rly\rl_bk }bxlyD~ dNc_bm¡Dd«Hd
(317) dNe|~dNkv&xvHdN|W\rv_~d ¤rvd
(318) xmIrlnbxldD°{nbkl~<mIrldN£5m¡tqk <<°~f Ê°oklc#n~
(319) mDkur rlxm{]kceklklyD º°bm{]|$ m¡todNxld=|erlxm{]kceklklyD¬
(320) yon~}b d=|.£rl_² m¡tod
(321) xvdN|$&yq|q~8 DS°]o
(322) Ê® »[d`¢¨yq&nbk yD#rv_~d` m¡tDd
(323) xvdN|¥rvxvmobklcWkvkyo,© m¡todNxld=|#&yq|q~m{}~}bxly<mo_#\rl_~k }bm{}Hd
(324) x=®»¿_~ d`rl_bk mo}~}~xvyDmD_¬kPmIrrvxvmDrvDd#m{b|_bmoks]dNd
(325) [mo|qDySNmIrvdN|¬¢¨yoxklyoced¥rlced\byI£¥°HrA_]mokA~y{rPtod&rP]dNd
(326) [|qd&¦ }b yItDdN|eyIodNx³rv_~ds§<rldNxlbd&?r :m{ rl_byon~D_,rl_~k«k5d&pq}HdN&rldN|,rly\_]m{~DdsxvdNm{ HkySyD~yI£ ® ^`_~dm{}~}bxly<mo_ xvd
(327) dNkeyo¼rl_bdm¡Im{ mo~ rutÀy{¢Pru£«yÀ&yDce}]yD~d
(328) <rvkN°`m m¡todNxld=|K
(329) yS|~d
(330) xm{]|¾m[ m¡todNxld=|Àrlxm{]kceklklyD kv_~dNcWdD®"»¿rl_ 1 39,( ,)/ / * . o°Sklyonbxv
(331) d|~mIrmk«d
(332) b
(333) yq|qdN|e<rly#mSn~c\]dNx¹y{¢± m¡todNxvkN°{yo+x :kln~i ubm{b|bk
(334) ° rv_bmIrNm{[]d,&yDc#~~d=|µrvy¬xvdN
(335) yobkrlxvnb&rPm²ko]m{ rl_bm{r¥od&rk¥& yDkld
(336) xPrly$rl_bd,yoxvDbmo klobmo mDkPrl_~d Sn~c\]dNx\yo¢A&yDc#~~d=|Y m¡tod
(337) xkb
(338) xld=mokldNkN® m¡tod
(339) xvdN|À
(340) yq|qd
(341) xk¢¨yDx,m{nb|qymob|YS|qd
(342) y_bm¡od$]dNd
(343) ¾|qd&¦ Dd
(344) yo}HdN|¶yIDd
(345) xArl_~de}bmDkurP¢¨d
(346) £todNmoxvkN°4~nqrP¢¨d
(347) £ &yq|qd
(348) xkA_bm¡od\ yI£dN~yonbo_ !w xvdN·<n~xldNced
(349) <rvkPmokArly Hd.n]kd
(350) ¢¨n~ «Ykly{¢ ru£`m{xvd,yo~ trvySyo k
(351) ®µhd=&dNDrW£«yDxl´_bmok}~xlyq|qn]&dN|Kknb_À yI£ !w m¡todNxld=|S|qd
(352) y
(353) yq|qd
(354) x2k {q"° / º®¥¯yI£5d
(355) Dd
(356) x=°b£5d\m{xvd\m¡£`m{xvd¥y{¢³ rrl dWdN·<n~¡mo dN<rA£5yoxv´.¢¨yDxPmonb|qy$&yq|qdNxvkN®A^`_SnbkN°4£«d _]m¡od`|qd
(357) Dd
(358) yo}HdN|Wkce}~ d m¡todNxld=|#kv_~d
(359) ced=k¢¨yox³m{n]|qybmDkd=|#yD#rv_~d|qdNmPy{¢HrldNce}]yDxvmo ~kn~]klmocW}b ~b° £_b_²m{xvd¥|qdNkv&xvHdN|$^ *qdNrvyD²~® ^`_~d[|qdNmKy{¢ 1 39,( ,)/"(# .$&% *+*' .¼rl_~dN krvy¾kld
(360) ]|¿dNmD_? m¡tDd
(361) x$yo m¼kdN}bm{xmIrvdµc#n~ rl
(362) mDkur DxlyDn~}¸°~£rl_xld=&d
(363) odNxvk|~dN&|q~rvy¥zuyo<r©{·Dnb¤rAmoxvyon~} ¨Ê® do®`rly.xld=&d
(364) odI©I|qxvyo}²m{by{rl_bd
(365) x m¡todN6x 5yD rv_~d
(366) xyI£¸®$^`_~d,bmokl\}bxlb&}~ dNk¥yo¢5 m¡todNxld=|µrvxvmobklcWkvkyo[_bm¡odWHd
(367) d
(368) À´S~yI£¢¨yox\m²£_~ d :kld
(369) d xvd&¢¨dNxldNb&d=k' o/ X ®[¯yI£5d
(370) odNxN° mkl}HdN&Á]$kl_~dNced.k}HdN
(371) ¤¢¨tS~_byI£A©¡£_~dNÀxld=&d
(372) odNxvk#m{xvd,rly.zuyo mob|.·<n~r` m¡tDd
(373) xk¹_bmDk¹yD~ t,xld=&d
(374) <rv t,Hd
(375) dN$|qd=kl
(376) xl]d=|.mob|.klc\n~ mIrld=|±®-^`_~k5kv_~dNcWdD°qxld
(377) ¢¨d
(378) xvxld=|erlyemok () G JBAnH T6WDIOGDC2d
(379) @ T6S&E&GFH
(380) E KCNS&S&E`W KJ T6@ GFC CN@BA+*<CNWndEH T-,JBM
(381) U$AFC$T6AnGDH
(382) E eOCNM
(383) @ eOS&JBS&JBKnWDEAFE`T6W KVHGFC CN@BA JBMPGDH
(384) JBA WDEAFZEK G\[/.bCNM
(385) E C* GDH
(386) E S&CNW E9ZCNZ
(387) L
(388) @ T6W1032 CNM
(389) E9GFC CN@BA AFL
(390) KVH+T6A Qo>iR 4 sN_5L
(391) ADEAbT6Mfe lJBM
(392) IC*hWFTpGDE KCNM GDWDCN@ EJ GDH
(393) EW`[B[B[. ). q )>.
(394) . hdN&dNDd
(395) x5|qxlodN m¡tDd
(396) xvdN|O#²n~ rl
(397) mDkur :h # °<nbkldNk9u}~xvyob~`d
(398) pq}]dNxlced
(399) <rvk5kce m{x¹rly¥rv_~yDkldsn]kd=| St¥^ w°¡rly|qdN
(400) |~d¹£_~dNrly«zuyo\mob|#·<n~r m¡tDd
(401) xk
(402) ®¸»[d5}~xlyD}]y<kd«ms m¡todNxld=|Prlxm{bklcekvkyokv_~dNcWd5 £_b_.h # k"zuyod&pq}Hd
(403) xvced
(404) <rk«moxldAxldN}~ mD&d=|e<t,mo.d&pq}~ &r«dNkrlc,mIrvyD.mIr`dNmD_,xld=&d
(405) odNx¹yo¢¸rl_~d ]m{b|q£|Srv_¶rl_bm{rA£5yon~ |²Hd\nbkldN|²St¶m{¶d=·<n~Imo dNDr^ w?&yD~~d=rlyo rl_bd#~yorlyo¶y{¢³d=·<n~Imo dNDr
(406) yo~bdNrvyD £ «Hd.|qd
(407) Áb~d=|À m{rldN6x Hd&ru£5d
(408) dN rl_~d$kyDn~xv
(409) dm{b|[rv_~d.xvdN
(410) d
(411) odNxN®²^`_~kdNkrlc,mIrvyDÀk |~yo~dn]k~¶rv_~d$kvm{cederld=_~~·<n~d$mDkrl_bm{r\xvdN
(412) d
(413) <rl t[|~dNkv&xvHdN|[rvy|qdNkloY^ w ¦Ê¢¨xld
(414) ]|q t[n~~
(415) mDkur xmIrvdµ&yDDrvxlyD skv_~d
(416) ced
(417) º® ^`_<n]k
(418) °£5d¶yoqrm{?mY^ w ¦Ê¢¨xld
(419) ]|q t¾xvdN&dNDd
(420) xl¦Ê]mokldN|Yc\n~ rl
(421) mokr.xmIrvd
(422) yo<rlxvyo "cedN_bmo~klc²®»dW_bm¡od#ce}~ d
(423) ced
(424) <rvdN|¶rv_~kPkv_~dNcWdWm{b|d
(425) Im{ nbm{rldN|µ¤rkA}Hd
(426) xl¢¨yoxvc,m{b
(427) d#m{]| cWrvm{rlyobk`yD¬rl_~2d #5yobdo® ^`_~dexvdNkrPyo¢¹rv_~de}bm{}Hd
(428) xkyoxvDm{b< 3NdN|¶mokA¢¨yD yI£k
(429) ®\§: *Sd=rvyD ~°±£«d,|qd=kl
(430) xl]deklce}~ de m¡tDd
(431) xvdN| monb|qyY&yq|q~Kkv_~d
(432) ced=k
(433) ® § *Sd=rlyo?b°`£«d|~dNkv&xvHd¶rl_bdµxld=&dNDd
(434) xl¦ÊbmDkd=|K
(435) yo<rlxvyo skv_~dNcWdD® § *qdNrvyDP (b°o£5ds|qd=kl
(436) xlHd`rl_~dd
(437) pq}]dNxlced
(438) <rvmo bkd
(439) rrv~<k³m{]|,|qkv&n]klk rv_~dxvdNkln~ rvkN9® *Sd=rvyDO &yo]& nb|qdNk rv_~d¥}bmo}]dNxN®
(440) * $ ¬
(441) ( +«(, ²
(442) '+-. ), N / & m¡todNxld=|A
(443) yS|~~sk"m5¢:m{ce ty{¢~klDbm{ {xvd
(444) }bxld=kdNDrmIrvyDsrvdN_~~·<n~dNk'¥£_b_rv_~d«klyon~x&d-q¢¨yDxlc,mIrvyD k}]m{xlrlrlyo~d=|<rly¼mKkld&rvk$
(445) mo dN| m¡todNxvkN® ^`_~dµ m¡tod
(446) xkmoxld¶yDxl<m{~4 3
(447) d=|¾klyÀrv_bmIr$rl_~dµ yI£5dNkrN°yox ]mokld. m¡tod
(448) x=°³&yD<rvm{bk\rl_bd$ce~c\n~c q¢¨yoxvc,mIrvyDY¢¨yoxe<rld
(449) D~ ¤rutD®K^`_~d¬y{rl_bd
(450) xe m¡tDd
(451) xk
(452) °-Nm{ d=|
(453) yoce}~ d
(454) ced
(455) <rm{xvt¶ m¡tDd
(456) xk
(457) °±&yD<rvm{ lmo|b|S¦ÊyD \q¢¨yoxvc,mIrvyD£_~_ce}~xvyIodNkArv_~deyIod
(458) xm{ ·Dn]m{ ¤rutµyo¢ rv_~d«klobmo Q® sklnbm{ tD°¡ m¡tDd
(459) xvdN|d
(460) ]&yq|q~Akv_~d
(461) ced=k'm{xvd³yDxl<m{~4 3
(462) d=|¥kyrv_bmIr-klyoced³ m¡tod
(463) x,k :#}bm{xlrl&n~ m{x rv_~d,bmDkde m¡tod
(464) Nx Pm{xvd\c,mob|~mIrvyoxvt¶rly¶xvdN
(465) yobkrlxvnb&rm¶
(466) yo_~dNxldNDrklDbm{ Ê ® sklbµknb_ kv_~d
(467) cedNkPrv_~d
(468) xvdN·<n~xvdNk¥dN¤rv_~d
(469) x\rl_bm{r\rv_~d.bd&r\Hd²m{~ drvy|qkl
(470) xlcebm{rld$]d
(471) ru£«dNd
(472) Y}bmD´od
(473) rvk#mob| }~xvyIS|qd.}bmo´Dd&rvk rv_bmIrNm{xvxlt,ce}]yDxrm{<rq¢¨yDxlc,m{rlyo¬£¤rv_²mWDnbm{xm{<rldNdN|,}Hd
(474) xl¢¨yoxvc,m{b
(475) Od ¨¬}]m{xlrl&n~ m{x`on]m{xm{<rldNdN| c,m{pSc,m{ - yDkvkPxvm{rl/d Pkld
(476) xvS
(477) do°¸yDxArv_bmIr¥rv_~dNklde}bmo´Dd&rkAH$d }~xlyorld=rld=| WmoDm{bkr¥ y<klkN®W^`_bkNm{[]d |~yo~d¬nbkl~Àm[Im{xvd
(478) rutÀy{¢kyo¦ºNm{ d=|Àn~~d=·Dn]m{ d
(479) xvxvyoxW}~xlyorld=rl~ kl_bd
(480) cedNkN°¹£_~_K_]m¡od¬]dNd
(481) ¾rl_~d kln~qzud=ry{¢ c#n]_$xvdNkldNmoxv_$d 4yoxlr`xvdN
(482) d
(483) <rl t :do® b® f=q°¸/f
(484) Ê® 7An~x-DyDmo q£5mDk ~y{r-rvy|qd
(485) Dd
(486) yo}Wyox-d&pq}Hd
(487) xvcedNDr³klnb_,kl_bd
(488) cedNkN°{~nqr³bkrld=mo|\rly¥d
(489) pS}Hd
(490) xvcWdN<r £rl_ xmIrvd«
(491) yo<rlxvyo <kl_~dNcedNkN®"^`_SnbkN°I£«d«_bm¡od¹¢¨yS
(492) nbkldN|yD#klce}~ d5
(493) yq|qd
(494) xk'£rl_\ yI£¼&}~n\xld=·Dnbxvd
(495) ced
(496) <rk'm{]| by~d
(497) d=|¬¢¨yoxAn~~dN·<nbmo 'dNxlxvyox}bxlyorldN&rlyo¶kv_~d
(498) cedNkN®»[d\|qd=kl
(499) xl]d#~d&pSrAmklcW}b d\ m¡tDd
(500) xvdN|$d
(501) b
(502) yS|~~ kv_~dNcWd¶£_~_²mo ' m¡tDd
(503) xk«_]m¡odPrl_~d\klmocWd¥ce}]yDxrm{b
(504) do°qcedNmo~~erl_bm{rrl_bd¥ y<klkyo¢q¢¨yDxlc,mIrvyD ¢¨xvyocyo~d` m¡tod
(505) x-|qySd=k ~y{r-cW}]mor¹·<nbmo rutceyoxvd5rl_bmo#rv_~d yDkvk y{¢]q¢¨yDxlc,mIrvyD#¢¨xvyoc m{~yorl_~dNx- m¡tDd
(506) x=®
(507) . !#"$
(508) %'&#(')#. ^`_bdkce}~ d=kur«bm{ m{b
(509) dN|ekv_~d
(510) cedyobd
(511) m{Wrv_~b´\yo¢4k-bmDkd=|Wyokrlxm{o_<r³kn~]klmocW}b ~^`_~d
(512) yS|~~ mo Dyoxv¤rv_~c k5bmDkd=|,yo¬m¥rvd
(513) ce}]yDxvmo ±kn~bbm{b|$|qdN
(514) yoce}HyDkl¤rvyD¸® yDbkl|qdNx¹¢¨yDx`d&p~m{ce}~ drv_~d¥
(515) mokldsyo¢ mew # Qw-n~ kd yq|qd=8| #¶yS|~n~ m{rlyoi 5dNb&yq|qd=| o´q¯ 3¥m{nb|~y,klDbm{ ¸|qd=&yDcW}HyDkldN|$Drvy,,w # q® ´q¯ 3`ªbyI£k³mok¹k_~yI£e %Dn~xld¥fD®^`_bd`rld
(516) ce}Hyoxm{ H|qdN
(517) yoce}]y<krlyoem{ oyDxlrl_bck³
(518) moxlxvd=|#yDnqr«m{r³rl_~d klyonbxv
(519) d#|qyobd¥¢¨yoxPdNmD_µm{nb|qy._Sn~~´ :£_~_µrut<}bNm{ t¬]& nb|qdNk oc,k
(520) ;° ( oceksyo+x {c,ksy{¢¹m{n]|qy ® É rsm,|~dNkrlbmIrvyD¸°]mexvdN
(521) d
(522) od
(523) x`£_~_²xld=&dNDdNkm{ 'WªbyI£kNm{²xvd&rlxvd
(524) odPrv_~dyoxvobm{ ±~}~nqrPkobmo Q® º¢ yobd¥yox`ru£5y\ª]yI£km{xvdPceklkl~b°qrv_~d#|qd=kurv]mIrlyo¬nbkldNk`rv_~dkvm{ce}~ dNkxvdN
(525) d
(526) odN|rly,xvdN
(527) yobkrlxvnbrmo qbq M rhsNtNcN_.
(528) . +( 1 ,* 0$
(529) " (+*+*2$+ 1. input flow. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 1. 3. 1. 2. 3 8 kHz. (PCM). flow 1. 2.7 kHz. flow 2. 2.7 kHz. flow 3. 2.7 kHz. output flow. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 1. 3. 1. 2. 8 kHz. 3. (PCM). %on~xvdef-¯d
(530) xm{x_~
(531) mo 4
(532) yq|qbekv_~dNcWd. mo}~}~xvy¡pqc,mIrvyDy{¢Hrl_bdyoxvDbmo qkobmo Q® É en~}bkvm{ce}~ ~yo~d
(533) ¦Qrvy{¦Êrl_~xvd
(534) d«ªbyI£k k³k_byI£#P%on~xvdq® dNmoxl to°¡rv_~d` moxlDd
(535) xk"rv_~d`<nbc#Hd
(536) x-y{¢]xld=&d
(537) od=|¥ªbyI£kN°¡rl_bd5Hd&rlrldNx rl_~d·<nbm{ rut¥y{¢brv_~d`xld=&yDbkurvxln]rld=| klobmo Q® flow 1. 2.7 kHz. flow 2. 2.7 kHz. flow 3. 2.7 kHz. Upsampler 1 −> 3 reconstituted output flow (PCM). ^1 ^2. 3. ^1 ^2. 3. ^1. 3. ^1 ^2. 3. 8 kHz. %on~xvd-hdN
(538) yobkrlxvnb&rlyo[fArvy,. sy{rld5rv_bmIr-rvd
(539) ce}]yDxvmo q|qdN
(540) yoce}]y<krlyo\_bm{]|q d=k-ko]m{ k"kvm{ce}~ dN|\£¤rv_,|q44d
(541) xvd
(542) <r³kvm{ce}~ ~PxmIrld=k
(543) ®. %byoxd
(544) p~m{ce}~ do° m8( ²´q¯3monb|qyµkobmo ¹
(545) mo ]d.|~dN&yDce}]y<kd=|<rly¶rv_~xvd
(546) d¶fN²´q¯3kn~~ªbyI£k
(547) °dNmD_ yo¢£_b_²
(548) mo¬Hd|qd=&yoce}HyDkldN|$<rvyeru£«yOW ´q¯3 kln~qªbyI£kN°q£_~_$Á]bm{ t.t<d
(549) |~kdND_<rld
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(551) yoce}HyDkl¤rvyD$
(552) mo.Hd¥&yonb}~ d=|.£rl_²&yDce}~xld=klklyo. kv_~dNcWd=k&® . . ' %) & %' "
(553) $ . ^`_bdmonb|qy,&yq|q~,kl_~dNced|~dNkv&xvHdN|¬m{HyIodP_bmok5rv_~d¥Drvd
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(555) dN|$}~xvyo}Hd
(556) xlrut,cWdN<rlyo~d=| mo]yIDd `m{ ¸rv_~d# m¡todNxvk_]m¡odrl_bd\kvm{ced#ce}]yDxrm{b
(557) dµrl_~d\~d&ru£5yoxv´4®¯yI£5d
(558) odNxN°bNmokldy{¢³kld
(559) Dd
(560) xvd
(561) yo~DdNkrlyo¸°4rv_~d,&yD~od=kurvyD&yDDrvxlyD -m{ oyoxvrl_~c c,m¡tµkld
(562) dNrrvy²kln~bkv&xv]d\rly²yob t¶yD~dWªbyI£m{]|. q E *4EW GFC GDH
(563) E $E`d?Z
(564) T6UNEHfGDGDZ [ JBM
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