Article pp.277-280 du Vol.32 n°164 (2006)

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9 Contributors to this issue

15 RFG-AIMS: A profitable interorganizational relationships Bernard Forgues

17 Interorganizational relationships. Concepts, results and future directions Bernard Forgues, Marc Fréchet, Emmanuel Josserand

33 Interorganizational networks and alliance survival Pierre-Xavier Meschi

Building on the social network theory and its interorganizational developments, this article aims at putting into light that the likelihood of alliance survival increases significantly if partners are embedded in the same alliance network.

This hypothesis is examined through statistical analyses carried out in a sample of 371 joint ventures formed during year 1996. Findings show that the network- performance relationship is only supported for alliance networks having a specific internal structure. Only alliance networks whose member ties are dense but not frequently repeated offer their members the internal market and the base of reliable information on potential

55 Links interorganizational and creative performance of industrial design agencies in France

Bérangère Szostak-Tapon

This paper studies the impact of interorganizational relationships on creative performance. We focus our attention on the institutions of the organizational field, reputational clients and professional partnerships. Our hypotheses are tested in French industrial design agencies (87 agencies in 2002). In order to measure the creative performance of design agencies, prizes that agencies collected in France and overseas are taken into account. We also focus on the industrial activity of the agency clients. As a result, creative performance is positively explained by the relationships with institutions and negatively by the relationships with reputational clients and professional partnerships.

S U M M A R Y

issue 164 May 2006

INTERORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS

Guest Editors: Bernard Forgues, Marc Fréchet, Emmanuel Josserand

14/Summary/164 23/05/06 9:16 Page 277

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77 Same old song. The rationales behind imitation in French radio broadcasting

Philippe Mouricou

The literature on imitation is often grounded in a “diffusion” perspective that focuses on effects and modes of imitation and gives little empirical attention to the reasons why managers imitate other firms. In this study of the French radio broadcasting industry, a typology of music programmers’ mimetic rationales is proposed. Drawing on conventions, herding behavior, social identity and neo- institutional theories, three distinct rationales associated with imitation are identified: utilitarian, conventional and referential. Results shows that they are at work simultaneously.

97 Inter-firm cooperation, information systems and organizational attention Serge Amabile, Martine Gadille

Building on the notions of “attention” and “learning”, the main purpose of this paper is to understand how a cooperation process initialized through an electronic data interchange system turned out into an “inter-organizational attention network”. We show that this attention network is both based on a historical process of cooperation and results from organizational learning supported by a collective management of the data exchange system.

119 Co-evolution and network adaptability. Case studies and simulation Manuel Cartier, Ana Colovic

What is the role of co-evolution in a population of firms’ adaptation to a hostile environment? To answer this question, the network sociology is revisited starting from the Kauffman’s biological computer model. A qualitative methodology is used, updating the mechanisms of exploitation and exploration in nine Japanese corporate networks. From these results, this article draws up a typology of the adaptation forms, distinguishing “pack”, “migrating”, “herd”

and “colony” networks.

141 Creation and appropriation of value in a partnership.

The Disney-Pixar case Jérôme Barthélemy

In this paper, I mix theoretical reasoning with empirical observation to gain a better understanding of value creation and value appropriation mechanisms in interorganizational relationships. The Resource Based View of the firm (RBV) is a useful tool to investigate value creation issues. Yet, value appropriation is essentially determined by the relative bargaining power of the partners. The empirical setting for the study is the relationship between Disney and Pixar from 1991 to 2006.

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157 Conflicts between venture capitalists and CEOs.

The cognitive governance view Anne Guery-Stévenot

Most of the studies about the cognitive governance of firms financed by Venture Capital are quantitative and focussed on the influence of VCs on firms’ strategy and management. But few studies deal with the limits of productive collaboration and cognitive conflicts between Venture Capitalist and CEO. On the basis of original empirical qualitative case studies, this research underlines those limits. It analyses the reasons why conflicts occur and shows their consequences on productive collaboration. This paper studies also the mechanisms which help to regulate conflicts.

181 Co-operation, tensions and conflit in R&D alliances with SME Dominique Puthod, Catherine Thévenard-Puthod

To grow innovation projects, SME have to network with partners endowed with complementary resources and competences. However, these cooperations are not without risks, in particular relational ones. Based on the longitudinal case study of a small multimedia company, this article aims at analyzing those relational risks. The innovation project has been followed throughout the process, which enabled witnessing a major change in the environment resulting in the evolution of key factors of success, a dramatic selection of actors and a modification of the climate surrounding relational strategies.

205 Interorganizational relationships and value creation.

Synthesis and research perspectives

Aurélia Lefaix-Durand, Diane Poulin, Robert Beauregard, Robert Kozak This study provides a better understanding of interfirm relationships (IRs) as a means of value creation. Based on a comprehensive cross-disciplinary literature review, a conceptual framework is put forth which integrates aspects of the business environment, as well as the nature, governance, and outcomes of IRs.

The linkages between these four key elements indicate that value creation varies depending on firms’ marketing orientations and the coherence between the nature and the governance of IRs. Strategies related to relationship management and relational competence are presented as the next sources of competitive advantage.

229 Justice or examplarity? An analysis of the Air France-KLM mergers Tessa Melkonian, Philippe Monin, Niels Noorderhaven, Audrey Rouzies, Alma Timmers

This article examines the relative influence of four variables: distributive justice, procedural justice, behavioral exemplarity and decisional exemplarity, on two post-merger performance variables: satisfaction with the merger and Summary 279 14/Summary/164 23/05/06 9:16 Page 279

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willingness to cooperate. Based on an empirical study of the Air France/KLM combination, our results suggest that to obtain the satisfaction of organizational members, top managers should warrant distributive justice. But to gain the employees’ commitment – hence transforming positive attitudes into actual collaborative actions – behavioural exemplarity is as important as distributive justice. Procedural justice and decisional exemplarity have only a marginal influence in post-merger integration processes.

253 Core competences in territories. The role of interorganisational relationships

Ariel Mendez, Delphine Mercier

This article deals with the conditions that enable a territory to renew its core competences. The analysis of two French clusters in the South East region highlights that the nature of the relevant resources has changed. They are no more material and associated with the physical space, but immaterial and associated with the organised space. This dematerialisation requires more cooperation between local actors and the development of territorial forms of

“governance”. In this process, the role of history is of crucial importance.

277 Summary

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