PATRIMOINE ARCHÉOLOGIQUE ET SYSTÈME D’INFORMATION GÉOGRAPHIQUE
par Thierry Lorho
Direction régionale des affaires culturelles de Bretagne, Service régional de l’archéologie Campus de Beaulieu, avenue Charles Foulon, 35700 Rennes
thierry.lorho@culture.gouv.fr
&RQWUDLUHPHQWjFHTXHVRQQRPSRXUUDLWODLVVHUSDUDvWUHODFDUWHDUFKpRORJLTXHQDWLRQDOHQ·HVWSDVXQGRFXPHQWÀJp(QSUHPLHUOLHX FHWLQYHQWDLUHGXSDWULPRLQHDUFKpRORJLTXHULFKHGHSOXVGHVLWHVjFHMRXUHVWHQSURJUHVVLRQFRQVWDQWHWDQWSDUODTXDOLWp GHVRQLQIRUPDWLRQTXHSDUOHQRPEUHG·HQWLWpVDUFKpRORJLTXHVTX·LOFRQWLHQW'HSOXVLQIRUPDWLVpGHSXLVODÀQGHVDQQpHVLOD franchi une nouvelle étape avec l’arrivée de PATRIARCHE (PATrimoine ARCHEologique). Cette application nationale qui est un 6\VWqPHG·LQIRUPDWLRQJpRJUDSKLTXH6,*DPRGLÀpODPDQLqUHG·DSSUpKHQGHUOHVVLWHVDUFKpRORJLTXHVHQIDFLOLWDQWOHXUUHSUpVHQWDWLRQ spatiale. Le SIG avec ses propriétés de base de données géographiques et ses capacités d’analyse spatiale est parfaitement complémentaire des missions fondamentales de la carte archéologique nationale. Que ce soit dans la mise en place des réponses aux documents de gestion et d’aménagement du territoire, l’orientation des stratégies de prescriptions archéologiques des SRA (Services régionaux de l’archéologie), la mise en place de programmes de recherche thématiques multiscalaires, l’élaboration de cartes de potentialité ou la diffusion de cette information patrimoniale. Après avoir précisé la notion de SIG et détaillé les missions de la carte archéologique, nous passerons en UHYXHjWUDYHUVGLIIpUHQWVH[HPSOHVOHVFKDPSVG·DSSOLFDWLRQGHODFDUWRJUDSKLHQXPpULTXHGDQVOHGRPDLQHGXSDWULPRLQHDUFKpRORJLTXH Contrary to what its name might seem, the national archaeological map is not a static document. Firstly, this inventory, rich archaeological heritage of more than 500 000 sites so far, is steadily increasing for both the quality of the information and the number of archaeological entities it contains. In addition, computerized since the late 70s, it entered a new phase with the arrival of PATRIARCHE (PATrimoine ARCHEologique). This national application, which is a Geographic Information System (GIS), has changed the way of understanding the archaeological sites by providing a spatial representation. This GIS application with its properties of geographic data base and its spatial analysis capabilities is perfectly complementary to the fundamental tasks of the national archaeological map.
Whether in the responses to document management and territory planning, orientation strategies of the regional services of archeology, implementation of thematic programs for multiscalar research, preparation of potentiality maps or diffusion of these patrimonial LQIRUPDWLRQ,QWKLVWDONDIWHUKDYLQJFODULÀHGWKHFRQFHSWRI *,6DQGGHWDLOHGWKHWDVNVRI WKHDUFKDHRORJLFDOPDSZHZLOOUHYLHZ WKURXJKYDULRXVH[DPSOHVWKHIUDPHZRUNRI QXPHULFPDSSLQJLQWKHÀHOGRI DUFKDHRORJLFDOKHULWDJH
Les systèmes d’information géogra- phique
'pÀQLWLRQSURSULpWpVHWXVDJHV
/·DFURQ\PH6,*SRVVqGHGHQRPEUHXVHVGpÀQLWLRQV VHORQTXHVRQWSULYLOpJLpVOHORJLFLHOHWVHVIRQFWLRQQDOLWpV RX OH V\VWqPH G·LQIRUPDWLRQ HW VHV SULQFLSHV O·DVSHFW IRQFWLRQQHO RX WHFKQRORJLTXH 'HQqJUH 8QH GpÀQLWLRQ JpQpUDOHPHQW DGPLVH SDU OHV DUFKpRORJXHV HVW©6\VWqPHLQIRUPDWLVpSHUPHWWDQWjSDUWLUGHGLYHUVHV VRXUFHV GH UDVVHPEOHU FROOHFWHU HW G·RUJDQLVHU GH JpUHUGHPRGpOLVHUPRGpOLVDWLRQVSDWLDOHVWUXFWXUDWLRQ VSDWLDOHG·DQDO\VHUHWGHFRPELQHUDQDO\VHVSDWLDOHGH VLPXOHUVLPXODWLRQVSDWLDOHVFHQDULLG·pODERUHUHWGH SUpVHQWHUGHVLQIRUPDWLRQVORFDOLVpHVJpRJUDSKLTXHPHQW DÀQ GH FRQWULEXHU j OD FRQQDLVVDQFH GH O·HVSDFHª 3LURW 3OXV VLPSOHPHQW OHV 6,* SRVVqGHQW GHX[ FDUDFWpULVWLTXHV SULQFLSDOHV /D SUHPLqUH HVW TXH O·LQIRUPDWLRQJpRJUDSKLTXHTX·LOVJqUHQWHVWSRVLWLRQQpH GDQVO·HVSDFH&HJpRUpIpUHQFHPHQWHVWUHQGXSRVVLEOH
SDU O·DVVRFLDWLRQ GH FKDTXH FRXFKH G·LQIRUPDWLRQ DYHF XQ V\VWqPH GH SURMHFWLRQ OH V\VWqPH /DPEHUW HW XQ V\VWqPH GH PHVXUH OH V\VWqPH PpWULTXH SRXU OD )UDQFH $LQVL OH 6,* D OD SRVVLELOLWp G·H[WUDLUH OHV SURSULpWpVJpRPpWULTXHVGHFKDTXHpOpPHQWFRQVWLWXWLI GH OD FDUWRJUDSKLH FRRUGRQQpHV ORQJXHXU VXUIDFH TX·LOV·DJLVVHGHSRLQWVGHOLJQHVRXGHSRO\JRQHVGH WURQoRQVGHYRLULHRXGHSDUFHOOHVFDGDVWUDOHV,OYDGRQF JpUHUODSRVLWLRQLQGLYLGXHOOHGHFKDFXQGHFHVpOpPHQWV GDQV O·HVSDFH PDLV DXVVL OHXU SRVLWLRQ OHV XQV SDU UDSSRUWDX[DXWUHVFDOFXOGHGLVWDQFHWRXWFRPPHOHXU VXSHUSRVLWLRQ/DVHFRQGHFDUDFWpULVWLTXHHVWTXHFKDTXH pOpPHQW GH OD FDUWRJUDSKLH YD SRXYRLU rWUH UHQVHLJQp GpFULWSDUGHVDWWULEXWVTXLOXLVRQWDVVRFLpVYLDXQOLHQ VpPDQWLTXH'HVYHVWLJHVDUFKpRORJLTXHVSRXUURQWrWUH FDUDFWpULVpVSDUXQHQDWXUHRXXQHFKURQRORJLH
/·H[SORLWDWLRQ G·XQ 6,* FRQVLVWH j FRPELQHU VXFFHVVLYHPHQWHWGDQVXQRUGUHFKRLVLSDUO·XWLOLVDWHXU GHV LQWHUURJDWLRQV VXU OD FRPSRVDQWH FDUWRJUDSKLTXH
HWRX VXU OD FRPSRVDQWH DWWULEXWDLUH DX VHLQ G·XQH PrPH FRXFKH G·LQIRUPDWLRQ JpRJUDSKLTXH PDLV pJDOHPHQWHQFURLVDQWSOXVLHXUVG·HQWUHHOOHV/HUpVXOWDW GH FHV FRPELQDLVRQV GH UHTXrWHV VHUD H[SULPp VRXV OD IRUPH GH FDUWHV /HXU XWLOLVDWLRQ SHXW V·HQYLVDJHU VHORQ GHX[ DSSURFKHV VRLW GDQV XQH SHUVSHFWLYH G·LQYHQWDLUH HW GH JHVWLRQ G·LQIRUPDWLRQ VSDWLDOLVpH HW HOOHV VRQW FRQVLGpUpHV FRPPH GHV EDVHV GH GRQQpHV JpRJUDSKLTXHVVRLWSRXUUpSRQGUHjGHVLQWHUURJDWLRQV GDQVOHFDGUHGHSUREOpPDWLTXHVHWGDQVFHFDVLOV·DJLW G·RXWLOVG·DLGHjO·DQDO\VHHWjODGpFLVLRQ
SIG et archéologie : Pourquoi ?
/·DUFKpRORJXH FROOHFWH GHV LQIRUPDWLRQV TXL VRQW SDU QDWXUH VSDWLDOLVpHV HW LO D SRXU KDELWXGH GH OHV UHVWLWXHU VRXV OD IRUPH GH FDUWHV HW GH SODQV /·XVDJH GHV6,*HQDUFKpRORJLHHVWGRQFSDUIDLWHPHQWMXVWLÀpHW FHFLG·DXWDQWSOXVTX·DXGHOjGHVRSpUDWLRQVGHWULVHWGH FDOFXOVVWDWLVWLTXHVVXUFHVGRQQpHVWKpPDWLTXHVHWOHXU UHSUpVHQWDWLRQFDUWRJUDSKLTXHLOVRIIUHQWODSRVVLELOLWp GHOHVUHSODFHUGDQVOHXUFRQWH[WHHQYLURQQHPHQWDO/H VLWH DUFKpRORJLTXH Q·HVW GRQF SOXV FRQVLGpUp FRPPH XQHVLPSOHFRQFHQWUDWLRQGHYHVWLJHVHQXQSRLQWGRQQp GH OD FDUWH PDLV FRPPH IDLVDQW SDUWLH LQWpJUDQWH GX SD\VDJH/H6,*SHUPHWXQHUHSUpVHQWDWLRQPXOWLVFDODLUH GHV VLWHV DUFKpRORJLTXHV IDYRULVDQW OHXU PLVH HQ UHODWLRQ DX VHLQ G·XQH PrPH DLUH G·pWXGH /D JHVWLRQ DGPLQLVWUDWLYH GH FH SDWULPRLQH WRXW FRPPH O·pWXGH GHV G\QDPLTXHV GH SHXSOHPHQW HW GHV SKpQRPqQHV GHGpSODFHPHQWVGDQVXQHVSDFHJpRJUDSKLTXHGRQQp HVW JUDQGHPHQW IDFLOLWpH 1RXV SRXYRQV DOOHU GDQV FHUWDLQVFDVMXVTX·jXQHPRGpOLVDWLRQGHFHVV\VWqPHV VRFLDX[HQYLURQQHPHQWDX[HWODUpDOLVDWLRQGHFDUWHVGH SRWHQWLDOLWpVGHSUpVHQFHGHYHVWLJHV/DWURLVLqPHSDUWLH GHQRWUHDUWLFOHSURSRVHjWUDYHUVXQHVpULHG·H[HPSOHV G·LOOXVWUHU FHV GLIIpUHQWV XVDJHV 7RXWHIRLV LO QRXV VHPEOHQpFHVVDLUHSUpDODEOHPHQWG·pYRTXHUODTXHVWLRQ GHODFDUWHDUFKpRORJLTXHQDWLRQDOHTXLRFFXSHXQHSODFH FHQWUDOH GDQV OD SURGXFWLRQ OD JHVWLRQ HW OD GLIIXVLRQ GHFHWWHLQIRUPDWLRQSDWULPRQLDOHVSDWLDOLVpHWDQWGDQV OHGRPDLQHGHODSURWHFWLRQSDWULPRQLDOHTXHGDQVVRQ H[SORLWDWLRQVFLHQWLÀTXH
La carte archéologique
Les services régionaux de l’archéologie
/HV VHUYLFHV UpJLRQDX[ GH O·DUFKpRORJLH 65$
VRQW DYHF OHV VHUYLFHV GHV 0RQXPHQWV KLVWRULTXHV 0+HWOHVVHUYLFHVWHUULWRULDX[GHO·DUFKLWHFWXUHHWGX SDWULPRLQH 67$3 XQ GHV WURLV VHUYLFHV FRQVWLWXDQW OHV S{OHV SDWULPRQLDX[ GHV GLUHFWLRQV UpJLRQDOHV GHV DIIDLUHVFXOWXUHOOHV'5$&/HXUVPLVVLRQVVHGpFOLQHQW VHORQFLQTJUDQGVD[HV
- OD JHVWLRQ GX SDWULPRLQH DUFKpRORJLTXH TXL UHFRXYUH O·LQVWUXFWLRQ GHV SURMHWV G·XWLOLVDWLRQ GX VRO SHUPLV GH FRQVWUXLUH DXWRULVDWLRQV
GH WUDYDX[ HWF OD JHVWLRQ GHV IRXLOOHV DUFKpRORJLTXHV SUpYHQWLYHV HW SURJUDPPpHV j WUDYHUV O·pODERUDWLRQ GH SUHVFULSWLRQV HW OHXUV FRQWU{OHV VFLHQWLÀTXHV HW WHFKQLTXHV OD JHVWLRQ GHV SURWHFWLRQV DVVRFLpHV DX[ VLWHV DUFKpRORJLTXHV]RQDJHVpODERUpVGDQVOHFDGUH GHV SODQV ORFDX[ G·XUEDQLVPH 3/8 ]RQDJHV GHSUpVRPSWLRQGHSUHVFULSWLRQVDUFKpRORJLTXHV
=33$«
- OD FRRUGLQDWLRQ GH OD UHFKHUFKH DUFKpRORJLTXH VXU OH WHUULWRLUH UpJLRQDO j WUDYHUV OD PLVH HQ SODFH GH SURJUDPPHV FROOHFWLIV GH UHFKHUFKH GHVRQGDJHVDUFKpRORJLTXHVHWGHSURVSHFWLRQV GLDFKURQLTXHVRXWKpPDWLTXHV
- OD GLIIXVLRQ HW OD YDORULVDWLRQ GH OD UHFKHUFKH UpDOLVpHVXUOHWHUULWRLUHUpJLRQDO
- OD JHVWLRQ GHV DUFKLYHV JpQpUpHV SDU O·DFWLYLWp DUFKpRORJLTXH GDQV OD UpJLRQ DUFKLYHV GH IRXLOOHV UDSSRUWV G·RSpUDWLRQV DUFKpRORJLTXHV PRELOLHUVDUFKpRORJLTXHV
- OD UpDOLVDWLRQ GH O·,QYHQWDLUH GX SDWULPRLQH DUFKpRORJLTXH
&HV GHX[ GHUQLqUHV PLVVLRQV VRQW GpYROXHV VSpFL ÀTXHPHQWjODFDUWHDUFKpRORJLTXH
La carte archéologique
/D QRWLRQ GH © FDUWH DUFKpRORJLTXH ª IDLW VRQ DSSDULWLRQDVVH]W{WSXLVTXHGDQVOHGpFUHWGX VHSWHPEUHLOHVWLQGLTXpTXHOHVGLUHFWLRQVGHV
$QWLTXLWpVRQWSRXUPLVVLRQODPLVHjMRXUGH©ODFDUWH GHVJLVHPHQWVHWGHVIRXLOOHVª7RXWHIRLVFHQ·HVWTX·HQ TXH O·,QYHQWDLUH SUHQG XQH GLPHQVLRQ QDWLRQDOH DYHFVDPLVHHQ±XYUHFRQÀpHDX[VHUYLFHVGHVIRXLOOHV HW DQWLTXLWpV DQFrWUHV GHV VHUYLFHV UpJLRQDX[ GH O·DUFKpRORJLH
$XMRXUG·KXL OHV FDUWHV DUFKpRORJLTXHV VH VRQW pWRIIpHV DX VHLQ GHV 65$ (OOHV DVVXUHQW WRXMRXUV OH UpFROHPHQW OD KLpUDUFKLVDWLRQ HW O·HQUHJLVWUHPHQW GH O·HQVHPEOH GH OD GRFXPHQWDWLRQ DUFKpRORJLTXH SRXU O·HQULFKLVVHPHQW GH O·,QYHQWDLUH QDWLRQDO ,O V·DJLW SRXU O·HVVHQWLHO GH QRWHV PDQXVFULWHV G·pOpPHQWV GH ELEOLRJUDSKLHV DQFLHQQHV HW GH UDSSRUWV GH IRXLOOHV DUFKpRORJLTXHV/DFRQVHUYDWLRQGHFHVDUFKLYHVHWOHXU PLVHjODGLVSRVLWLRQGHODFRPPXQDXWpGHVFKHUFKHXUV HWGXJUDQGSXEOLFVHORQOHVUqJOHVGpÀQLHVSDUODORL IRQWpJDOHPHQWSDUWLHGHFHVDWWULEXWLRQV(OOHMRXHDXVVL XQU{OHLPSRUWDQWGDQVOHVUHODWLRQVHQWUHOH65$HWOHV SURVSHFWHXUV DPDWHXUV HW DXWUHV pUXGLWV ORFDX[ GDQV OH FDGUH GHV GpFRXYHUWHV IRUWXLWHV QRWDPPHQW (QÀQ HOOH FRQWULEXH IRUWHPHQW j OD GpÀQLWLRQ GHV ]RQHV GH SURWHFWLRQGHFHSDWULPRLQH
/DFDUWHDUFKpRORJLTXHQ·HVWGRQFSDVXQGRFXPHQW ÀJp HOOH FRUUHVSRQG j XQ pWDW GHV FRQQDLVVDQFHV HW HVW HQ FRQVWDQWH pYROXWLRQ DX IXU HW j PHVXUH GH O·HQULFKLVVHPHQWGHO·,QYHQWDLUHQDWLRQDO'HODTXDOLWp
GHFHWLQYHQWDLUHDUFKpRORJLTXHHWGHO·RUJDQLVDWLRQGH OD GRFXPHQWDWLRQ G·XQH PDQLqUH JpQpUDOH GpSHQG OH ERQGpURXOHPHQWGHO·HQVHPEOHGHVPLVVLRQVGX65$
/D ORL GH VXU O·DUFKpRORJLH SUpYHQWLYH UpDIÀUPH FHODHQGLVDQWTX·©DYHFOHFRQFRXUVGHVpWDEOLVVHPHQWV SXEOLFVD\DQWGHVDFWLYLWpVGHUHFKHUFKHDUFKpRORJLTXHHW GHVFROOHFWLYLWpVWHUULWRULDOHVO·eWDWGUHVVHHWPHWjMRXU ODFDUWHDUFKpRORJLTXHQDWLRQDOH&HWWHFDUWHUDVVHPEOH HW RUGRQQH SRXU O·HQVHPEOH GX WHUULWRLUH QDWLRQDO OHV GRQQpHVDUFKpRORJLTXHVGLVSRQLEOHV'DQVOHFDGUHGH O·pWDEOLVVHPHQW GH OD FDUWH DUFKpRORJLTXH O·eWDW SHXW GpÀQLUGHV]RQHVROHVSURMHWVG·DPpQDJHPHQWDIIHFWDQW OHVRXVVROVRQWSUpVXPpVIDLUHO·REMHWGHSUHVFULSWLRQV DUFKpRORJLTXHVSUpDODEOHPHQWjOHXUUpDOLVDWLRQª$UWLFOH /GXFRGHGXSDWULPRLQH
$LQVLO·,QYHQWDLUHQDWLRQDOHVWXQHPLVVLRQGHO·eWDW FH TXL HQ IDLW XQ GRFXPHQW GH UpIpUHQFH KRPRJqQH j O·pFKHOOH GX WHUULWRLUH LQGpSHQGDPPHQW GH VHV FRQWULEXWHXUV /D FDUWH DUFKpRORJLTXH HVW DXVVL XQ GRFXPHQWjSRUWpHDGPLQLVWUDWLYHGRQWOHFRQWHQXDXQH LQFLGHQFH VXU OHV SURFpGXUHV G·DUFKpRORJLH SUpYHQWLYH QRWDPPHQW
Les SIG et la carte archéologique
La carte archéologique : un inventaire informatisé
/·LQIRUPDWLVDWLRQ GH O·,QYHQWDLUH QDWLRQDO D UpHOOHPHQWGpEXWpHQDYHFO·DUULYpHGHO·DSSOLFDWLRQ 6,*$/ 6\VWqPH LQIRUPDWLVp GH JHVWLRQ GHV GRQQpHV DUFKpRORJLTXHVjODVXLWHGHODTXHOOHVHVRQWVXFFpGp 6,*$/ HQ '5$&$5 '5$& $UFKpRORJLH HQ HW 6&$/$ HQ &HWWH GHUQLqUH RIIUDLW OD SRVVLELOLWp G·DYRLU XQH UHSUpVHQWDWLRQ FDUWRJUDSKLTXH GHV VLWHV LQYHQWRULpV GDQV '5$&$5 PDLV UHVWDLW H[WUrPHPHQWOLPLWpH&KDLOORX[8QYpULWDEOHPHQW WRXUQDQWGDQVFHSURFHVVXVG·LQIRUPDWLVDWLRQGHODFDUWH DUFKpRORJLTXHQDWLRQDOHDpWpRSpUpDYHFOHGpSORLHPHQW HQ UpJLRQ GH O·DSSOLFDWLRQ 3$75,$5&+( j OD ÀQ GH O·DQQpH(QHIIHWLOV·DJLWFHWWHIRLVG·XQYpULWDEOH 6,* 6D VWUXFWXUDWLRQ HVW RUJDQLVpH DXWRXU G·XQ WURQF FRPPXQ FRQVWLWXp GH WURLV HQVHPEOHV JpRUpIpUHQFpV TXH VRQW OHV HQWLWpV DUFKpRORJLTXHV OHV RSpUDWLRQV DUFKpRORJLTXHV VRQGDJHV GLDJQRVWLFV IRXLOOHV HW OHV SURWHFWLRQV7URLVWDEOHVUpJLRQDOHVYLHQQHQWV·\DVVRFLHU HQUpJLRQ,OV·DJLWGHVGRQQpHVJpRDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVGHV VRXUFHVGRFXPHQWDLUHVHWGXUpSHUWRLUH
/HV SULQFLSDOHV pYROXWLRQV OLpHV j FHWWH QRXYHOOH DUFKLWHFWXUHVRQWWULSOHV/DQRWLRQG·HQWLWpDUFKpRORJLTXH VH VXEVWLWXH j FHOOH GX VLWH DUFKpRORJLTXH /H VLWH HVW XQOLHXJpRJUDSKLTXHTXLUHFqOHXQHFRQFHQWUDWLRQGH YHVWLJHV DORUV TXH O·HQWLWp HVW XQ HQVHPEOH FRKpUHQW GH YHVWLJHV SRUWDQW XQH XQLWp IRQFWLRQQHOOH HWRX FKURQRORJLTXH YLOODDQWLTXH DEED\H PpGLpYDOH GROPHQ QpROLWKLTXH« 6D ORFDOLVDWLRQ HVW LPSOLFLWH j WUDYHUVVRQJpRUpIpUHQFHPHQW(QVXLWHODFUpDWLRQGHV
HQWLWpVGHVRSpUDWLRQVHWGHVSURWHFWLRQVSHXWVHIDLUH GLUHFWHPHQWjSDUWLUGHODFRPSRVDQWHFDUWRJUDSKLTXH GH O·DSSOLFDWLRQ HQJHQGUDQW DXWRPDWLTXHPHQW GH O·LQIRUPDWLRQ VSDWLDOLVpH ,QIRUPDWLRQ TXL SRXUUD GRQF IDLUH O·REMHW G·DQDO\VH VSDWLDOH GLUHFWHPHQW GDQV O·DSSOLFDWLRQQDWLRQDOHRXGDQVWRXWDXWUHORJLFLHOGH6,*
DSUqV H[SRUWDWLRQ (QÀQ 3$75,$5&+( HVW OD VHXOH DSSOLFDWLRQ TXL JqUH VLPXOWDQpPHQW GH O·LQIRUPDWLRQ DUFKpRORJLTXHVSDWLDOLVpHHWOHVVRXUFHVGRFXPHQWDLUHV TXLOXLVRQWDVVRFLpHVDXWRULVDQWDLQVLXQHSOXVJUDQGH SDOHWWHGHWUDLWHPHQWGHO·LQIRUPDWLRQSDWULPRQLDOH Mise en application
3$75,$5&+( HQ GRWDQW G·XQH FRPSRVDQWH VSDWLDOH OH SDWULPRLQH DUFKpRORJLTXH UHFHQVp GDQV O·,QYHQWDLUH QDWLRQDO ÀJ D SURIRQGpPHQW PRGLÀp OD PDQLqUH G·DSSUpKHQGHU FH GHUQLHU DXVVL ELHQ GDQV OH FDGUH GH OD UpDOLVDWLRQ GHV PLVVLRQV GH OD FDUWH DUFKpRORJLTXHTXHGDQVVRQH[SORLWDWLRQjWUDYHUVGHV SURJUDPPHV GH UHFKHUFKH &·HVW FH TXH QRXV DOORQV SUpVHQWHU GDQV FHWWH WURLVLqPH SDUWLH DYHF XQH VpULH G·H[HPSOHV TXL FRXYUHQW XQ ODUJH VSHFWUH GHV PRGHV G·XWLOLVDWLRQ GH FHWWH LQIRUPDWLRQ SDWULPRQLDOH WDQW j WUDYHUVOHVWKpPDWLTXHVWUDLWpHVHWOHVpFKHOOHVG·DQDO\VH TX·DYHF O·DSSOLFDWLRQ XWLOLVpH 3$75,$5&+( RX XQ DXWUHORJLFLHOGH6,*DSUqVH[SRUWDWLRQGHVGRQQpHV
Établissement des documents de gestion et d’aménagement du territoire : le cas des plans locaux d’urbanisme (PLU)
/·REMHFWLI GH OD UpSRQVH GH OD '5$& %UHWDJQH 65$DXSRUWHUjFRQQDLVVDQFHRXjODUpYLVLRQGXSODQ ORFDOG·XUEDQLVPHHVWGHWUDQVPHWWUHjODPXQLFLSDOLWpHW DX[VHUYLFHVLQVWUXFWHXUVOHVpOpPHQWVGHFRQQDLVVDQFH GX SDWULPRLQH DUFKpRORJLTXH GH OD FRPPXQH HW OHV SURSRVLWLRQV GH SURWHFWLRQV TXL OXL VRQW DVVRFLpHV
&HV SURWHFWLRQV FRUUHVSRQGHQW WUqV PDMRULWDLUHPHQW j GHV =33$ (OOHV SHUPHWWURQW DX 65$ GH UHFHYRLU OHV GRVVLHUVG·DPpQDJHPHQWGXVROHWGHPHWWUHHQSODFHGHV PHVXUHVFRQVHUYDWRLUHVDXWRXUGXVLWHFRQFHUQpPrPH V·LOHVWVRXYHQWWURSWDUGRXGHPHWWUHHQ±XYUHOHFDV pFKpDQWXQGLDJQRVWLFDUFKpRORJLTXHSUpDODEOHPHQWDX[
SURMHWVG·DPpQDJHPHQW/·pODERUDWLRQGHFHGRFXPHQW VHIDLWGLUHFWHPHQWDYHF3$75,$5&+((OOHFRQVLVWH GDQVXQSUHPLHUWHPSVjKRPRJpQpLVHUO·LQIRUPDWLRQ DUFKpRORJLTXH LVVXH GH SOXV GH DQV GH VDLVLH HQ SURFpGDQW j VRQ JpRUpIpUHQFHPHQW j OD PLVH j MRXU GHV UpIpUHQFHV GHV SDUFHOOHV FRQFHUQpHV WRXW FRPPH GHO·HQVHPEOHGHVLQIRUPDWLRQVUHQVHLJQDQWFHVHQWLWpV ÀJ/DGHX[LqPHpWDSHFRUUHVSRQGjODGpÀQLWLRQj O·pFKHOOHFDGDVWUDOHGHV]RQHVGHSURWHFWLRQVGHPDQGpHV /DSURFpGXUHGHSRUWHUjFRQQDLVVDQFHVHWHUPLQHSDU O·pODERUDWLRQ GH FDUWHV ÀJ HW GH OLVWHV GHV ]RQHV SURSRVpHV GHVWLQpHV j OD PXQLFLSDOLWp HW DX[ VHUYLFHV LQVWUXFWHXUVHWTXLDFFRPSDJQHQWOHFRXUULHUGHUpSRQVH DXSRUWpjFRQQDLVVDQFHGHOD'5$&%UHWDJQH65$
Figure 1 : Carte de répartition des 22 000 entités enregistrées dans Patriarche pour la région Bretagne
Figure 2 : Carte archéologique de la commune de Plouguerneau (29) au 17/12/2012
)LJXUH&DUWHGHUpSDUWLWLRQGHV]RQHVSURSRVpHVSDUOH65$GDQVOHFDGUHGX3RUWpjFRQQDLVVDQFHGHODFRPPXQHGH3ORXJXHUQHDX
Figure 4 : Tableau d’assemblage des 38 dalles constituant l’Atlas
Orientation des stratégies de pres- criptions archéologiques : l’exemple de la ligne grande vitesse (LGV) Le Mans-Rennes entre les communes du Pertre et Cesson-Sévigné
/DÀQDOLWpGHFHWUDYDLOHVWGRXEOH,OV·DJLWGHUpDOLVHU XQHFDUWHFRPSLOpHGHWRXWHO·LQIRUPDWLRQ FRQQXHVXUOH WUDFpGHOD/*9DÀQGHIDFLOLWHUOHWUDYDLOGXFRQVHUYDWHXU HQFKDUJHGXGRVVLHUDX65$GDQVO·pODERUDWLRQGHVHV SUHVFULSWLRQVPDLVDXVVLFHOXLGHVpTXLSHVGHO·,QVWLWXW QDWLRQDOG·DUFKpRORJLHSUpYHQWLYH,15$3FKDUJpHVGH UpDOLVHUOHVGLDJQRVWLFVDUFKpRORJLTXHVVXUOHWUDFp/HV LQIRUPDWLRQV XWLOLVpHV VRQW WUqV YDULpHV /HV GRQQpHV WKpPDWLTXHV FRUUHVSRQGDQW DX[ HQWLWpV HQUHJLVWUpHV GDQV OD FDUWH DUFKpRORJLTXH RQW pWp UHSRUWpHV j O·pFKHOOH FDGDVWUDOH 8QH SUHPLqUH VpULH GH GRQQpHV HQYLURQQHPHQWDOHV HVW FRQVWLWXpH SDU OH FDGDVWUH PRGHUQHQXPpULVpODEDQGHGHURXOHPHQWGHOD/*9HW XQHFRXYHUWXUHRUWKRSKRWRJUDSKLTXHjEDVVHDOWLWXGH FRPPDQGpH SDU 5pVHDX IHUUp GH )UDQFH 5)) (OOHV VHUYHQW SULQFLSDOHPHQW DX[ DUFKpRORJXHV GH WHUUDLQ j VH SRVLWLRQQHU GDQV XQ SD\VDJH SDUIRLV HQ SURIRQG UHPDQLHPHQWHWjORFDOLVHUOHXUVWUDQFKpHVGHGLDJQRVWLF /D VHFRQGH VpULH HVW FRPSRVpH GH GHX[ FRXFKHV TXL PpULWHQWXQHDWWHQWLRQSOXVSDUWLFXOLqUH
- /HFDGDVWUHGX;,;eVLqFOHWRXWG·DERUGGRQWOHV VHFWLRQV FRQFHUQpHV SDU OH IXVHDX RQW IDLW O·REMHW G·XQHQXPpULVDWLRQG·XQJpRUpIpUHQFHPHQWHWG·XQ PRVDwTXDJHDÀQGHQHIDLUHTX·XQHVHXOHLPDJHHQ FRQWLQXVXUWRXWOHWUDFp/·LQWpUrWGHFHWWHFRXFKH G·LQIRUPDWLRQHVWGHSHUPHWWUHDX[DUFKpRORJXHVGH WHUUDLQGHVDYRLUVLOHVIRVVpVTX·LOVPHWWHQWDXMRXU GDQV OHXU WUDQFKpH GH GLDJQRVWLF FRUUHVSRQGHQW j XQ SDUFHOODLUH UHSUpVHQWp VXU FH GRFXPHQW RX V·LOV·DJLWGHTXHOTXHFKRVHGHGLVFRUGDQWHWGRQF SRWHQWLHOOHPHQWSOXVDQFLHQ
- /D FRXFKH /,'$5 Light Detection And Ranging FRPPDQGpH SDU 5)) HVW XQ PRGH GH UHOHYp DpURSRUWp TXL SHUPHW GH FRQVWLWXHU OD PLFURWRSRQ\PLHGHOD]RQHLQYHVWLJXpH6DSUpFLVLRQ HVWWHOOHTX·LOHVWHQPHVXUHGHUHVWLWXHUOHVVLOORQV GHODERXUGDQVXQFKDPS3RXUOHVDUFKpRORJXHV VRQ LQWpUrW UpVLGH GDQV OD SRVVLELOLWp GH GpWHFWHU GHVPLFURUHOLHIVVXVFHSWLEOHVGHUpYpOHUODSUpVHQFH GH VWUXFWXUHV IRVVR\pHV RX EkWLHV UHSUpVHQWDQW GHV LQGLFHV GH VLWHV DUFKpRORJLTXHV SRWHQWLHOV HW GRQF G·RULHQWHU OHXU WUDYDLO VXU OH WHUUDLQ 7RXWHV FHV DQRPDOLHV RQW pWp GpWRXUpHV VXU O·LPDJH /,'$5 DÀQ GH OHV UHQGUH SOXV YLVLEOHV FKDUJH j O·DUFKpRORJXH UHVSRQVDEOH GX GLDJQRVWLF GH FRQÀUPHU RX G·LQÀUPHU OHXU QDWXUH DUFKpRORJLTXH $X UHJDUG GH OD ORQJXHXU GX WUDFp FHWWH FDUWH FRPSLOpH D pWp RUJDQLVpH VRXV OD IRUPH G·XQ DWODV FRPSRVpH GH GDOOHV ÀJ FRUUHVSRQGDQW FKDFXQH j O·HPSULVH G·XQ GRFXPHQW SDSLHU H[SORLWDEOH DX IRUPDW $ 3RXU GHV UDLVRQVGHOLVLELOLWpWURLVVpULHVGHFDUWHVRQWpWpUpDOLVpHV FRUUHVSRQGDQW FKDFXQH j XQ IRQGV GH FDUWH GLIIpUHQW
O·RUWKRSKRWRSODQ ÀJ OH FDGDVWUH GX ;,;e V ÀJ HWOHUHOHYp/,'$5ÀJ'DQVOHVWURLVFDVOHVHQWLWpV DUFKpRORJLTXHVFRQQXHVHWOHVDQRPDOLHVGpWHFWpHVVRQW UHSUpVHQWpHV
Développement de programmes de recherche aux thématiques et échelles multiples
&RQWUDLUHPHQW DX[ GHX[ H[HPSOHV SUpFpGHQWV FHUWDLQV TXHVWLRQQHPHQWV QpFHVVLWHQW XQ H[SRUW GHV GRQQpHV JpRUpIpUHQFpHV GH 3DWULDUFKH DÀQ GH IDFLOLWHU OHXUH[SORLWDWLRQSRXUGHVUDLVRQVG·pFKHOOHRXGHQDWXUH GHTXHVWLRQQHPHQWV&·HVWOHFDVGHVH[HPSOHVjYHQLU HWTXLYRQWLOOXVWUHUWURLVpFKHOOHVGLIIpUHQWHVG·DQDO\VHV GXSDWULPRLQHDUFKpRORJLTXH
/·pFKHOOHGXVLWHO·H[HPSOHGX6,*GHVDOLJQHPHQWV GH&DUQDF
/·REMHFWLI GHFHWUDYDLOHVWGHGUHVVHUXQLQYHQWDLUH GH FKDTXH EORF SDUWLFLSDQW DX VLWH GHV DOLJQHPHQWV GH&DUQDF,ODpWpUpDOLVpHQFROODERUDWLRQDYHF0PH
&KULVWLQH %RXMRWLQJpQLHXUGHUHFKHUFKHVj OD '5$&
%UHWDJQH65$&HWLQYHQWDLUHDUFKpRORJLTXHDSRXUEXW GHPLHX[FDUDFWpULVHUHWSURWpJHUFHVLWH&HODSDVVHSDU ODUpDOLVDWLRQG·XQUHOHYpWRSRJUDSKLTXHGHFKDFXQHGHV SLHUUHVÀJDÀQG·HQDYRLUXQHORFDOLVDWLRQSUpFLVHHW SDUO·pWDEOLVVHPHQWG·XQHÀFKHGHGHVFULSWLRQÀQHTXL SHUPHWWHG·HQpWDEOLUXQpWDWVDQLWDLUH&KDFXQHG·HQWUH HOOHDIDLWO·REMHWG·XQHFRXYHUWXUHSKRWRJUDSKLTXHTXLD pWpLQWpJUpHDX6,*ÀJ&HWpWDWGHVOLHX[IDLWLOGRLW VHUYLUG·LQVWUXPHQWPLVjODGLVSRVLWLRQGHVFKHUFKHXUV SRXU pODERUHU GH QRXYHOOHV SUREOpPDWLTXHV G·RXWLO G·DLGH j O·DFFqV j O·LQIRUPDWLRQ HW j OD GpFLVLRQ SRXU OHV VHUYLFHV GH O·eWDW HQ FKDUJH GH OD JHVWLRQ HW GH OD SURWHFWLRQGXVLWHHWIRXUQLUOHVGRQQpHVQpFHVVDLUHVj O·pODERUDWLRQGHVSURMHWVGHYDORULVDWLRQ%RXMRW/RUKR
/·pFKHOOHGXWHUURLUO·H[HPSOHGXWUDFpGHODYRLH DQWLTXH5HQQHV$QJHUV
&HWWHpWXGHjO·pFKHOOHG·XQWHUURLUSXLVTX·HOOHV·HIIHFWXH VXUXQHORQJXHXUGHSUqVGHNPYLVHjFRPSUHQGUH OHVPRGHVGHPLVHHQSODFHGHODYRLHDQWLTXHUHOLDQW OHVYLOOHVGH5HQQHVHW$QJHUVÀJSDUWLUG·XQH PLVH HQ FRQWH[WH DUFKpRORJLTXH HW HQYLURQQHPHQWDOH LO V·DJLW G·DQDO\VHU OHV PRGHV GH FRQVWUXFWLRQ GH FHW RXYUDJHOLQpDLUHHWOHVUHODWLRQVTX·LOHQWUHWLHQWDYHFOHV VLWHV DUFKpRORJLTXHV VLWXpV GDQV VRQ YRLVLQDJH SURFKH DÀQGHGpWHUPLQHUV·LOV·DJLWG·XQHFUpDWLRQex nihiloRX V·LOV·HVWDSSX\pVXUXQUpVHDXSUpH[LVWDQW/HVGRQQpHV XWLOLVpHVVRQWOHVHQWLWpVDUFKpRORJLTXHVUHFHQVpHVGDQV O·DSSOLFDWLRQ QDWLRQDOH HW OD %' $/7, GH O·,QVWLWXW QDWLRQDO GH O·LQIRUPDWLRQ JpRJUDSKLTXH HW IRUHVWLqUH ,*1TXLFRUUHVSRQGDXPRGqOHQXPpULTXHGHWHUUDLQ 017 SRXU OD UpJLRQ %UHWDJQH 1RXV LOOXVWUHURQV FH WUDYDLOSDUXQ]RRPVXUXQHVHFWLRQTXLSUpVHQWHXQH
Figure 5 : Dalle 35 avec comme fonds cartographique principal l’orthophotographie
Figure 6 : Dalle 35 avec comme fonds cartographique principal le cadastre du XIXe
Figure 7 : Dalle 35 avec comme fonds cartographique principal le relevé LIDAR
Figure 8 : Relevé topographique des alignements de Carnac
IRUWH LUUpJXODULWp *pQpUDOHPHQW OHV YRLHV DQWLTXHV RQW XQ WUDFp UHFWLOLJQH FRQVWLWXp GH OLJQHV EULVpHV SDUIRLV DSSHOp © HQ EDwRQQHWWHV ª 6XU OD SDUWLH TXL QRXV LQWpUHVVH QRXV SRXYRQV REVHUYHU XQH LQÁH[LRQ GH OD YRLH TXL QH V·H[SOLTXH SDV SDU OD WRSRJUDSKLH SOXV IRUWHTXHVXUOHWUDFpWKpRULTXHUHSUpVHQWpHQSRLQWLOOp EOHX ÀJ 6L PDLQWHQDQW QRXV SODoRQV FH WUDFp GDQVVRQHQYLURQQHPHQWDUFKpRORJLTXHQRXVSRXYRQV FRQVWDWHUXQHIRUWHGHQVLWpGHVLWHVMXVWHDXVXGGXSRLQW G·LQÁH[LRQ ÀJ ,O V·DJLW G·XQH RFFXSDWLRQ JDXORLVH PDWpULDOLVpHSDUXQHVpULHG·HQFORVYXVHQSURVSHFWLRQ DpULHQQH (OOH HVW VXLYLH SDU XQH RFFXSDWLRQ URPDLQH FDUDFWpULVpHSDUGHVEkWLPHQWVPDoRQQpVpJDOHPHQWYXV HQSURVSHFWLRQDpULHQQHHWSDUODSUpVHQFHjODVXUIDFH GHVFKDPSVGHQRPEUHX[IUDJPHQWVGHWXLOHVGHWRLWXUH URPDLQHV GpWHFWpVHQSURVSHFWLRQSpGHVWUH7RXWSRUWH j FURLUH TX·LO H[LVWDLW XQH RFFXSDWLRQ VXIÀVDPPHQW GHQVHDXVHFRQGkJHGXIHUSRXUPRWLYHUFH©GpWRXUª RFFXSDWLRQTXLDSHUGXUpHQVXLWHGXUDQWO·$QWLTXLWp,O HVWGRQFYUDLVHPEODEOHTX·jFHWHQGURLWO·D[HDQWLTXHDLW UHSULVXQWUDFpG·RULJLQHSURWRKLVWRULTXHTXLGHVVHUYDLW FHWWHRFFXSDWLRQJDXORLVH
/·pFKHOOH GX WHUULWRLUH pWXGH GH O·RFFXSDWLRQ DQWLTXHHQ$UPRULTXH
3RXU FH GHUQLHU H[HPSOH O·pFKHOOH GLPLQXH HQFRUH SXLVTXH OD ]RQH G·pWXGH FRXYUH GHX[ UpJLRQV DGPLQLVWUDWLYHVOHV3D\VGHOD/RLUHHWOD%UHWDJQH,OV·DJLW GHUpDOLVHUXQHV\QWKqVHGHVFRQQDLVVDQFHVGHO·RFFXSDWLRQ UXUDOHDQWLTXHSRXUFHWWH]RQHHWWRXWSDUWLFXOLqUHPHQWGH O·RUJDQLVDWLRQGXWLVVXG·DJJORPpUDWLRQVVHFRQGDLUHV&H WUDYDLODFRQVLVWpDSUqVXQGpSRXLOOHPHQWGRFXPHQWDLUH FRQVpTXHQWjUHFRQVWLWXHUOHUpVHDXYLDLUHTXLVWUXFWXUDLW FH WLVVX GH SHWLWHV YLOOHV HW j HVVD\HU G·pWDEOLU O·DLUH GH FKDFXQHG·HQWUHHOOHVDLQVLTXHOHVOLHQVDYHFOHXUFKHIOLHX GHFLWp6DUpDOLVDWLRQV·HVWHIIHFWXpHGDQVOHFDGUHG·XQ SURJUDPPH FROOHFWLI GH UHFKHUFKH FRRUGRQQp SDU 0 0DUWLDO0RQWHLOPDvWUHGHFRQIpUHQFHVjO·8QLYHUVLWpGH 1DQWHV/RUKR0RQWHLO/HVGRQQpHVXWLOLVpHVVRQW SULQFLSDOHPHQWOHVHQWLWpVDUFKpRORJLTXHVGH3DWULDUFKHHW OD%'DOWLPpWULTXHGHO·,*1&HWUDYDLOGHPRGpOLVDWLRQ UHSRVHHVVHQWLHOOHPHQWVXUODFDSDFLWpGX6,*jFRQYHUWLU OH 017 TXL H[SULPH O·DOWLWXGH GH FKDTXH SRLQW GH OD FDUWHHQXQHFDUWHGH©FRWGLVWDQFHªUHSUpVHQWDQWOD FRQWUDLQWH GH OD WRSRJUDSKLH SRXU O·KRPPH GDQV VHV GpSODFHPHQWV ÀJ ,O HQ UpVXOWH OD SRVVLELOLWp GH UHFRQVWLWXHUGHVFKHPLQVGHSOXVFRXUWHGLVWDQFHHQWUH GHX[SRLQWVGHODFDUWHGHX[DJJORPpUDWLRQVVHFRQGDLUHV QRQSDVHQGLVWDQFHHXFOLGLHQQHODOLJQHGURLWHPDLVHQ
©GLVWDQFHFRWªÀJ,OGHYLHQWpJDOHPHQWWUqVIDFLOH GH GHVVLQHU GHV DLUHV JpRJUDSKLTXHV FHQWUpHV DXWRXU GH FHV SHWLWHV YLOOHV PDWpULDOLVDQW OHXU DLUH G·LQÁXHQFH HW FRUUHVSRQGDQW j OD GLVWDQFH PR\HQQH DOOHUUHWRXU TXLSHXWrWUHSDUFRXUXHSDUXQKRPPHjSLHGHQXQH MRXUQpHÀJ6DQVGpWDLOOHUO·HQVHPEOHGHVUpVXOWDWV GH FHWWH pWXGH QRXV SRXYRQV QRXV DWWDUGHU VXU O·XQ G·HQWUHHX[LOOXVWUpSDUFHWWHGHUQLqUHÀJXUH1RXVDYRQV
SXREVHUYHUTXHFHUWDLQHVYLOODH FRORUpHVHQRUDQJHQH VH VLWXDLHQW GDQV DXFXQH DLUH G·LQÁXHQFH TX·LO V·DJLVVH G·XQH DJJORPpUDWLRQ VHFRQGDLUH RX G·XQH FDSLWDOH GH FLWp&HFRQVWDWLQGLTXHFODLUHPHQWTXHODSURGXFWLRQGH FHVGRPDLQHVDJULFROHVpWDLWVDQVGRXWHSRXUO·HVVHQWLHO OLpH j O·DSSURYLVLRQQHPHQW GHV FHQWUHV XUEDLQV VDQV H[FOXUH WRXWHIRLV TXH FHV GHUQLHUV DLHQW SX pJDOHPHQW GLVSRVHUHQSURSUHG·XQWHUULWRLUHYLYULHU&HWH[HPSOH LOOXVWUHSDUIDLWHPHQWO·LQWHUDFWLRQTXLSHXWHWGRLWH[LVWHU HQWUHOHVDQDO\VHVVSDWLDOHVUpDOLVpHVjO·DLGHG·XQ6,*HW OD FDUWH DUFKpRORJLTXH GRQW LOV VH QRXUULVVHQW HW TX·LOV SHXYHQWpJDOHPHQWDOLPHQWHUHQUHWRXU
Diffusion de l’information : le Webmapping avec l’Atlas des patrimoines
/·$WODV GHV SDWULPRLQHV HVW OH © JpRSRUWDLO ª GX 0LQLVWqUHGHOD&XOWXUHHWGHODFRPPXQLFDWLRQ,OHVW GHVWLQp j GLIIXVHU O·LQIRUPDWLRQ SDWULPRQLDOH SURGXLWH SDU OHV GLIIpUHQWV VHUYLFHV GX 0LQLVWqUH TX·LO V·DJLVVH GHV PRQXPHQWV GHV HQWLWpV DUFKpRORJLTXHV RX GHV VHUYLWXGHVTXLOHVDFFRPSDJQHQWFRPPHOHVUHVVRXUFHV GRFXPHQWDLUHV TXL OHXU VRQW DVVRFLpHV /·LQIRUPDWLRQ SDWULPRQLDOH DUFKpRORJLTXH DX VHQV ODUJH HQWLWpV RSpUDWLRQHWSURWHFWLRQVHVWGLIIXVDEOHYLDO·$WODVSDUFH TX·HOOHFRQVWLWXHXQHLQIRUPDWLRQVSDWLDOLVpHVXLWHjVD FUpDWLRQ GDQV 3$75,$5&+( /·$WODV UHQG SRVVLEOH ODGLIIXVLRQDXJUDQGSXEOLFG·XQHLQIRUPDWLRQTXLQH OXLHVWSDVDFFHVVLEOHGLUHFWHPHQWHWSHUPHWGHUHPSOLU XQH PLVVLRQ IRQGDPHQWDOH GHV '5$& 65$ TXL HVW G·DVVXUHU OD GLIIXVLRQ HW OD YDORULVDWLRQ GX SDWULPRLQH DUFKpRORJLTXHÀJ
Conclusion
/·,QYHQWDLUHQDWLRQDOHVWYpULWDEOHPHQWGHYHQXXQH FDUWHDUFKpRORJLTXHDYHFO·DUULYpHGH3$75,$5&+(HW VHVSURSULpWpVGH6\VWqPHG·LQIRUPDWLRQJpRJUDSKLTXH /DV\QHUJLHTXLV·HVWRSpUpHHQWUHFHWWHPLVVLRQFRQÀpH DX[ VHUYLFHV GH O·eWDW HW OHV SURSULpWpV G·XQ WHO RXWLO D SHUPLV G·DFFURvWUH FRQVLGpUDEOHPHQW OD TXDOLWp GH FHW ,QYHQWDLUH GX SDWULPRLQH DUFKpRORJLTXH 4XDOLWp GDQV OD SUpFLVLRQ GX JpRUpIpUHQFHPHQW GHV VLWHV TXL SHXW VH IDLUH IDFLOHPHQW j O·pFKHOOH FDGDVWUDOH HW TXL UHQIRUFH VD FUpGLELOLWp 4XDOLWp GDQV OD SRVVLELOLWp GH UHSUpVHQWHU SUpFLVpPHQW GHV SURWHFWLRQV TXL RQW XQH SRUWpHDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVRQLQFLGHQFHVXUOHVSURFpGXUHV G·DUFKpRORJLH SUpYHQWLYH D UHQIRUFp VRQ LPSRUWDQFH 4XDOLWpGDQVODSRVVLELOLWpG·pFKDQJHVGHO·LQIRUPDWLRQ SRXU DOLPHQWHU GHV WUDYDX[ WKpPDWLTXHV j GLIIpUHQWHV pFKHOOHVGRQWOHVUpVXOWDWVHQULFKLURQWHQUHWRXUODFDUWH DUFKpRORJLTXH4XDOLWpSDUODGLIIXVLRQGHO·LQIRUPDWLRQ SDWULPRQLDOHQRWDPPHQWDYHFO·$WODVGHVSDWULPRLQHV YHUV OH JUDQG SXEOLF TXL HVW SOXV VHQVLELOLVp j FH SDWULPRLQHHWIDYRULVHVDSURWHFWLRQ
)LJXUH([HPSOHGHÀFKHGHVFULSWLYHHWGHSKRWRJUDSKLHDVVRFLpHVjFKDTXHPHQKLUUHSUpVHQWpVXUODFDUWH
&H G\QDPLVPH FRQIpUp SDU OHV pFKDQJHV HW O·HQULFKLVVHPHQWTXHSHUPHWOH6,*UpDIÀUPHTXHODFDUWH DUFKpRORJLTXHQ·HVWSDVXQGRFXPHQWÀJpPDLVEHOHW ELHQXQpWDWGHVFRQQDLVVDQFHVHQULFKLTXRWLGLHQQHPHQW ,OUHQIRUFHODSODFHFHQWUDOHGHO·,QYHQWDLUHQDWLRQDOj
O·RULJLQH GHV SURFpGXUHV G·DUFKpRORJLH SUpYHQWLYH YLD OHVSUHVFULSWLRQVTX·LOHQJHQGUHHWOHXUFRQFOXVLRQDLQVL TX·DX[ DXWUHV WUDYDX[ GH UHFKHUFKH HQ FROOHFWDQW HW LQWpJUDQWOHXUVUpVXOWDWV
Bibliographie
Boujot C., Lorho T.,©&KDPSVGHPHQKLUVGH&DUQDFFRPPHFKDPSVG·H[SpULPHQWDWLRQG·DSSURFKHVVSDWLDOHV OHUHFRXUVDX6,*"ªGDQV%HUJHU-)%HUWRQFHOOR)%UDHPHU)'DYWLDQ**D]HQEHHFN0GLU), Temps et espaces de l’homme en société : analyses et modèles spatiaux en archéologie, actes des Rencontres, 21-23 octobre 2004 / XXVe Rencontres internationales d’archéologie et d’histoire d’Antibes, 2005, S
Chailloux A.Nature, statut et traitements informatisés des données en archéologie : les enjeux des systèmes d’informations archéologiques/\RQ7KqVHGHGRFWRUDWHQVFLHQFHVKXPDLQHVHWVRFLDOHVVRXVODGLUHFWLRQGH%UXQR+HOO\
GLUHFWHXUGHUHFKHUFKH
Denègre J., Salgé F. Les systèmes d’information géographiqueepG3DULV38)©4XHVDLVMH"ªS Lorho T., Monteil M. © (QWUH /RLUH HW EDLH GX 0RQW 6DLQW0LFKHO %UHWDJQH HW3D\V GH OD /RLUH PRGHV G·RFFXSDWLRQGXOLWWRUDODX+DXWHPSLUHªGDQV'DLUH0<'LU, Ancient maritime communities and the relationship between people and environment along the European Atlantic coasts, B.A.R. International Series 2013,.p.347-358.
Pirot F.©*ORVVDLUHªHistoire & mesure;,;_3DULV&156S
Figure 10 : Représentation de la partie bretonne du tracé de la voie antique Rennes/Angers.
Figure 11 : Anomalie constatée dans le tracé de la voie antique Rennes/Angers
Figure 13 : Carte des coûts/distance depuis une agglomération secondaire Figure 12 : Contexte archéologique de la section étudiée
Figure 14 : Carte de synthèse des résultats du Programme collectif de recherche
Figure 15 : Opérations et entités archéologiques mise en ligne dans l’Atlas des patrimoines
