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Top-side ionosphere response to extreme solar events

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Figure

Fig. 1. Solar radiation, ionospheric and geomagnetic conditions preceding the Bastille Day from 11 to 15 July 2000 (from top to bottom): solar X-ray fluxes with wavelength 0.5–4 ˚ A (gray line) and 1–8 ˚ A (black line); integral fluxes of the interplanetar
Fig. 3. The same as in Fig. 1 but for time interval 2-5 November 2003.
Fig. 4. An adjustment of three ROCSAT-1 orbits on 27 October (gray dotted lines, 3-min time delay), 28 (solid lines, no delay) and 29 (gray dashed lines, –4 min time delay)
Fig. 7. Strongly perturbed topside ionosphere at sunlit hemisphere before the X28 solar flare at ∼21:00 UT on 4 November 2003 (from top to bottom): solar X-ray emission with wavelengths 1-8 ˚ A;  rela-tive changes of the ion temperature dT /T and density d
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