Simulation moléculaire et effets d'environnement. Une perspective mathématique et numérique

Texte intégral

(1)Simulation moléculaire et effets d’environnement. Une perspective mathématique et numérique Eric Cancès. To cite this version: Eric Cancès. Simulation moléculaire et effets d’environnement. Une perspective mathématique et numérique. Mathématiques [math]. Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 1998. Français. �NNT : 1998ENPC9815�. �tel-00005590v2�. HAL Id: tel-00005590 https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005590v2 Submitted on 10 Sep 2010. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5) !" # $

(6) " # % &'()*+,'-. (-*/0)*+'12 2, 23 2,4 562.7'1-..2(2., 8.2 9214920,'72 (+,:/(+,';)2 2, .)(/1';)2 <=>?@A>@ B@ C DEF@GHI@ JKKL D@MNA? B@ O>IP F=GQ=RE D@ S TIERUD@A? S V@IANID WXYYZ[\[YZ[ TU@II@]W=>UR W^Z_< YNQQ=I?@>IR S `M=A aXbX` I _ cdNGUAN?@>IR S aN ZBUMFU@IVefZ[XYb WX[b TN?IUFg Wc \XWWcf ai UFh@B T\Z^cYYc< NF=Q= aX ^ fBN>D@ Wc VY^< bUI@F?@>I D@ ?hjR@ S.

(7)

(8)

(9) .

(10)

(11) " "

(12)

(13) .

(14) . . . . . . . .

(15)

(16)

(17) ! " # $

(18) . %& % . '

(19) ( ) . .

(20) .

(21)

(22)

(23).

(24) . )

(25)

(26) % '

(27)

(28) . ( ( . .

(29) . )

(30) .

(31) . . .

(32)

(33) + !"#$#% " ' " )! * ! -'$"#% '! "',% '! . % #! $ % , % & (( ( ( I h U UjI UI J a=DEB R@ BN GN? @ / B 0EF @BB@ G=BEF>BN @ JC hU I I hU j [ J J A@ E N F @ D@ G=D B@R JL IUQ?U=A 2>NA?U2>@ D0>A RPR?jG@ G=BEF>BNUI@ UR=BE 13 1JJ 4 b@RF [A@ GURRU=A 5NQQNI@GG@A?6 UGQ=RRUHB@ 17 I h I h 1 X1 JBN @FXQQ@ FI=d@ UD>GN?8=ADNG@A?NB 11CC D0>A@ G=BEF>B@ UR=BE@ U=A D@ V=IA]ZQQ@Ah@UA@I 11 14 YER=B>? U=A D> QI=HBjG@ EB@F?I=AU2>@ 413 ZQ?UGURN?U=A D@ 9E=GE?IU@ 4 4ZHJ?@A?U<=A\hD@@IG=FQI=QhUIUGE?ERU@ hNQIhPG=ARUF=U2]>@FhU=GU2>@R @A QhNR@ 9N;@>R@ ::44 ::7 <Q@F?I@ EB@F?I=AU2>@ 44 14 YEQ=AR@ / >A@ Q@I?>IHN?U=A @d?EIU@>I@ ] B@ FNR <IE9>BU@I= :C 44 >7 YEQ=AR@ / >A FhNGQ EB@F?IU2>@ @d?EIU@>I :CL1 fh@GUAR D@ IENF?U=A > >a=BEF>B@R @A QhNR@R F=AD@ARE@R C> J fIUR?N>d QNI8NU?R C7 h > 1 U U U U L 1 a=DEB RN? =A D@ BN Q NR@ B 2> D@ 7 TI7 J=HBjG@RXQQDEQ@ADNA? L> D> ?@GQR I=dUGN?U=A D@ B 0E2>N?U=A D@ <FhI?DUA9@I L: 77 14 @YER=B>? U=A A>GEIU2>@ KJ I@ R B@ F=A?IAB@ D@R IENF?U=AR FhUGU2>@R QNI BNR@I K: B C*I$#!! D&%#+J,!G&(K EFG H&' *$ &*'#%&" )! -'$#%&" )! LL U=A KK IU h I h I I g M 1J Â?1<fJIM=D>F? U NB9= ? GR 8= ? @ NN ? @@] =F @2>N? =AR J3J VNRUFR =A ?h@ NNI?I@@]M=Fg G=D@B J31 ZA ?h@ NB9=IU?hGR 1 1 J3C A ?h@ Y==?hNNA NB9=IU?hG JJJ I9@AF@ =8 ?h@ B@M@B]RhU8?UA9 NB9=IU?hG >4 Zf=AM@ J17 7.

(34) .

(35). + H!#' #+ )! )! " !" ! -'$"#% '! $#% % , % & & ( I U 4 =D>F? =A JJ 1J Â?TI1 J@R@A?N? U=A =8 ?h@ G=D@BR J4> \h@ RQUAB@RR I@NB NNI?I@@]M=Fg G=D@B J4C I g I J4K ]M@ GUh]@=AM @U;R F @ G=D@B 4> Y@T1 @1I9?>>BNIHI\hN?Q@U@=ARI?>\hIH==GNR U N? =AR =8 ? @ N G=D@B J>3 h \ M 8 ? I@ IG=D@B IU J>K 7 a=B@F>B@ U8= G @d?@ ANB @B@F? F @BD J7C <] FhI?DUA9@I @dQNARU=AR 77 1J YN_=AUPAB@@dNU9>AUhR?@AF@ 7 K J ] U =8 A=A]?IUMUNB R=B>?U=AR ?= ?h@ \M NAD 3 M 2>N? ==ARF=GQ>?@D HP >NA?>G fNBF>BN?U=A QI=9INGRJCJ:3 7XQQ@AD 4 NZUdA <@R?N?@R JC3 : K" G C"$* !,$#+,$#% '!)', ) * ! )!I$#!! "$)% $ & &( & J J. '! $#% =D>F?U=A JC4 I=dUGN?U=AR =8 ?h@ ?UG@]D@Q@AD@A? <FhI?DUA9@I @2>N?U=A 1J 8Â?XQQ=IIG=B@F>BN JC7 11 1J \h@A@@ NDIINBRUPNR@??R?@GR UA9 JC: HN?UF NQQI=dUGN?U=A JCL H I 1 4 U U U U NQQ =d GN? =A JCK I ?h@ UR=BN?@D G=B@F>BNI RPR?@G 4 \h4 J@ fN>FXX hP8A=A@ Q]?@FIND=HhNB@GAUN?FNB8F=B@GGN?N JL1 JL> 44 14 W=FNB U @d R?@AF@ JLK [AU2>@A@RR JK4 H > 4 U JK: I h I P H > \h@d?@@IfANBN>F>AB=hPU8NB=QII@dG=HB@G?R?@AF@ 8= ? @ G=B@F>BN R R?@G R> O@F?@D ?= N JKC UG@]D@Q@AD@A? @B@F?IUF @BD H+$ F+% ! * '* ! !" ! * '% ) ! B , % , $ % % & ( I U 13 J a=DEB R@ B 0@j @? D@ R=BMNA? J I U 13 R?NADN J J a=D B@ D@ F=A? A>>G D J UI@ 137 J 1 ff=>QBN9@ NM@F BN DPANGj U2>@ G=BEF>BN 13 J 4 < =>QBN 9 @ NM@F B@R G=D B@R D@ FhUGU@ 2>NA?U2>@ :K I I > U U 13 =A D@ BN FNM ?E J I > BN F=AR? >F? jB@ R?NADNID 1 T1 NJ D@B/X>?B@ IG=D 1 JJ j U UI 1 @R G=D B@R B AEN @R JJ 1 1 UAENUI@R 1 4 a=DjB@R A=A B J IU j 4 G=YER=B>? U U U UI h j9 A@R=A A>GE 2>@ D@R G=D B@R D@ F=A? A>>G B AEN @R =] 1J> 44 1J _XQQB=?U=ARUFN?R>U=AI B@RN> G=D 111J7J GE?h=D@R UA?E9INB@R jB@ R?NADNID 4 4 XQQBUFN?U=A / B0NQQI=dUGN?U=A fZ<aZ 114. .

(36). . . . . . . . . . .

(37). . . . . . . .

(38) . 44 >7 XQQB UFN?U=A / D0N>?I@R G=DjB@R BUAENUI@R h=G=9jA@R 11> U=A 11 ^GQBEG@A?N? C > >bEJIUME@RfNBF>B 143 NANBP?U2>@R Q=>I B@R G=DjB@R BUAENUI@R 14 D@R DEIUIUME@R QI@GUjI@R J >> 14 ffNBF>B U U 14> D@R DE ME@R R@F=AD@R DNAR B@ FNR B G ?@ I UjI UI 141>:J IRQ@F?UM@R@R A=A E9>B @R 7 f=AFB>RU=ANMU@??ERQ@G=BEF>BN )! (&U=A"#%"'', !# ,#+&)! %"#D$*! B177 &J )Â?*!I=D>F? 1 \h1 J@=I@?\hUFNB@ UHA?@NFg99IINB=>AD@2>N?U=A NQQI=NFh 1717LL h@GN?UFNB QI==8R 1 IUaN? 1 1 : h 4 _14 >G@ 1 FNB G@? =D NAD Y@R>B?RI ::CC UGN?U=A 1 =d J V=>ADNIP @B@G@A?INQQ 44 14 XQQB UFN?U=A ?= NN ?I@@ M=Fg <fM FNBF>BN?U=AR 11:CL3 _>G@IUFNB I@R>B?R ] > f=AFB>RU=A NAD 8>?>I@ ?I@ADR 1C4 . J %Â?!I=D>F? $"$*U=A#%-'! H&' *! ,&) *! )! (&"#%"'', B.1C7 1 XANB UM@R 8=I R?NADNID UR=?I=QUF R=BM@A?R 11CCLL 11 1J P?U@\hFNBNIU@D@N?XIUU<f=AMN?F=A?@d? h@ @A@I9P U?h I@RQ@F? ?= MNIUN?U=AR =8 = 8 ? IR 1 QNING@?@ CK I I 1 4 U 1 L 1 =d = XQQ GN?@D 8 G>BN I?I@@]M=Fg @A@I9P D@IUMN?UM@R U?h I@RQ@F? ?= A>FB@NI F==I] 4 NDUNAN?@R 11LL47 >7 _XANB>G@PIU?UFNBFNB Y@R>B?R IUMN?UM@R 8=I NAUR=?I=QUF R=BM@A?R =I U=AUF R=B>?U=AR 1KJ 77 1J ^=AXAUUR=?D@F R=B>? U 11KK14 I=QUF=ARR=BM@A?R f=AFB>RU=A 11KK>> :C XQQ@AD Ud

(39) . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(40) . . .

(41)

(42) f@??@ ?hjR@ R0UARFIU? DNAR >A F=>INA? D0E?>D@R GN?hEGN?U2>@R @? A>GE] IU2>@R Q=>I BN FhUGU@ 2>NA?U2>@ 2>U R@ DEM@B=QQ@ @A MINAF@ D@Q>UR 2>@B2>@R NAAE@R QIUAFUQNB@G@A? R=>R B 0UGQ>BRU=A D@ T ]W WU=AR _=?I@ F=A?IUH>?U=A R@ DUR?UA9>@ ?=>?@8=UR D@R ?INMN>d NA?EIU@>IR QNI D@>d NRQ@F?R S J W0=HO@? D0E?>D@ A 0@R? QB>R >A@ G=BEF>B@ UR=BE@ GNUR >A@ G=BEF>B@I I UI U U. F 0@R?]/]D @ @A A?@ NF? =A NM@F >A @AMUI=AA@G@A? 2>U Q@>? ? @ @A QIN?U2>@ >A FhU NGQ EB@F?I=GN9AE?U2I>@ @d?EUIU@>I FIEE QNIU >A@hR=>IF@ GNFU I=] RF=Q 2>@ 5>A F=AD@ARN?@> >A N GNA? >A@ B 9A@ N>?@ ?@AR =A >A BNR@I 6 => B@ FhNGQh GUFI=RF=QU2>@ FIEE QNI B@R G=BEF>B@R M=URUA@R DNAR B@ FNR D0>A@ Q NR@ F=AD@ARE@ IU2>@ D@ A=?I@ ?INMNUB N E?E @ @F?>E@ @A E?I=U?@ F=BBNH=IN] 1 ?WNU=AQNNM@FI?U@ A>GE D@R FhUG UR?@R @BB@ N D=AAEI BU@> / D@R Q>HBUFN?U=AR F=GG>A@R I DNAR D@R @M>@RhU @? A=RI ER>B?N?R =A? E?E UGQBEG@A?ER DNAR D@R F=D@R D@ F GU@ 2>NA?U2>@ BN 9@G@A? DU >RER _=>R R=GG@R F=ARFU@A?R 2>@ BN FhUGU@ 2>NA?U2>@ A 0@R? QNR >A D=GNUA@ I / BN QB>QNI? D@R GN?hEGN?UFU@AR NQQBU2>ER f0@R? BN INUR=A Q=>I BN] 82NG>@BB@UBU@A=>R F=ARNFIhU=AR B@ QI@GU@I Fh_NQU?II@ /H>A@ QIER@A?N?U=A D@I B 0@RQIU? I@? j D@R G=D B@R D@ BN F GU@ 2>NA?U2>@HI =? @I =H jO@F?U8 @R? Dh0>A@ QN ? D@ G@?? @ U2>@R @? A>GE] EMUD@AF@ 2>@B2I>@R]>AR D@Rj A=G @>dIQ = IB G@RI GN? EGN? IU@A2>@R I R=>B@MER QN F@R G=D B@R @? D0N>? @ QN ? D@ @QBNF@ DNAR B@>I F=A?@d?@ B@R Q=UA?R QIEFUR 2I>@ A=>R NM=AR E?>DUER W@ hB@F?@>I I RQEF_UNBUR?@ F=AAN ? DEO / B 0@RR@A?U@B D@R UA8= GN?I U=AR 2>@ F=A?U@A? B@ F NQU?> @ >J =>R N??UI=ARhF@Q@AI ] DNA? R=AI N??@A?U=A R> B@R R@F?U=AR 1 1 1 7 4IU4 4 I1 @? 7 J D@ F@ F NQU? @ = @A?E@ M@ R BN GUR@ @A RU?>N?U=A D=A?I BN EDNF?IU=A @R?H QB>R RQEFU 2>@G@A? hj D@R ER>B?N?R NRR@G BER DNAR F@??@ ? R@ _=>R QI=Q=R=AR QNI NUBB@>IR QB>R D@ ?I=UR F@A?R IE8EI@AF@R HUHBU=9INQhU2>@R URN?U=A G=BEF>BNUI@ FBNRRE@R R@B=A B@R ?hEGN?U2>@R NH=I] F=AF@IANA? BN G=DEB DE@R DNAR IF@??@ ?hjR@ @? A=>R DI@RR=AR >A@ BUR?@ 5Ah=A @dhN>R?UM@ GNUhUR 2>@ IUH U U U A=>R @RQE =AR R 9A FN? M@6 D@ F=A? >?U=AR GN? EGN?U2>@R / BN F GU@ 2>NA?U2>@ . . . . . .

(43) . . .

(44)

(45)

(46) . _=?I F=AF@IA@I QIUAFHUQNB@G@A? B@R RhjPR?jG@Rh G=BEF>BNUI@R I [A@ QNI?@U@E?>D@ NMN>d NRR@G BER DNAR F@??@ ? R@ EF NQQ@ ?=>?@ =UR F@??@ D@R ? BU A@ EAEINB@ @A F@ R@AR > @BB@P F=AF@IA@ E NB@G@A? B@R RPIUR?jhG@R G=BEF> I I BN] UI U U U R N ? D >A@ NANBI I R@ D@ BNg F=AM@P @AF@ N = BNI @R R=BER S B D B ? G@R Q=> ER=B>?U=A D@RIU E >N?I U=AR D@ NI ? @@] =F NANB R@ ?hE=IU I>@ R>RFU?E@ TQNII>A@ E?>D@ A>GE >@ ENBURE@ Q=>I HB@j F=GQ?@ D@ B ÂR?U?>? NAI NHUR ID> E? =B@I I XRR@ QN ND=dNB@G@A? F@ Q = B IG@ A NMNUI? QNRh E?E @AF= @ N = DE A=? @ ?=>? N> G=UAR QN >A@ NQQ =F @ GN?hEGN?U >@ IU =>I@>R@ F=AANURRNAF@ bNAR B@ FhNQU?I@ A=>R E?>DU=AR QB>R QNI?UhUF>BUjI@G@A? D@>d NB =IUIU?hhG@R @ ] UGQBEG@A?ER DNAR B@R F=D@R D@ F GU@ RNM=UI B@R NB = ? G@R D@ @F?UM@G@A? hNNA @? D@ W NB =IU?hG@ D@ Y==?hNNA @R? B NB =IU?hG@ AN] Y==? I ?> @B Q=>I IER=>DI@ B@R E >N?U=AR D@ NI?I@@] =Fg S QNI?NA? D >A =QEIN?@>I D@ARU?E. 8 / 2 0 9 22 0 9 0 N M 0 9 M02 9 0 / 2 9 1 99 8 / 0 9 0 9 < M 2 N 0. 9 9 ;. 8. =. ! . " # $%& ! . ' ! ( ) - ' .' *+, . 5M=FgDERDEU9A@AU QNB@ IA=GHI@ D0EB@F?I=AR D> RPR?jG@6 =A NRR@GHB@ B0=QEIN?@>I D@ /. . ! < ! = 1) 0 ! 12 3 45 6 7 < < 89 8: 8 8 *+, ; 1< 8 !8> ! 5 9 9 . ! 9 ! 9 ! < < ; . U @d?EIU@>I FIEE QNI B@R A=PN>d6 2> 0=A DUN9=ANBUR@ Q=>I 5F=AR?DERI>U9UIA@@ BB@0=QEQ=?@A? IN?@>@BI D@AR U?E 3. ? ? ? ! . 29 0 9. UI@R ? 7 @ A @ / >U R=A? B@R / @A Q@>QBNA?I B@RI / =IIHU?NB@R G=BEF>BN ! 0 ? U U =AF? =AR Q =Q @R A= GNBIU RE@R D@ D@ QB>R HNRR@R EA@I U@R ^B R NMjI@ NB = h N H=AA@R QI=QIUE?ER D@ F=AM@I @AF@ F@Q@ADNA? cA @@? >@ F@? ? G@ A QNR D@. 8. 2 9 0 '*#$# . B. C. . . . D . . . EEF . G . . .

(47)

(48)

(49)

(50) . 9 0 22 0/80 9 0 0 9 N8 M 8 8 2 8 0 9 9 6 2 2 0 95 / 0 9 2 / 9 M0 9 0 0 DERU9ANA? >A QNINGj?I@ D@ IE@B Q=RU?U8 _=>R QI=>M=AR B@ IER>B?N? R>UMNA? '* #$# B . _=?=AR 2>@ B 0NB9=IU?hG@ D@ 8=>IAU? >A@ QI@>M@ F=AR?I>F?UM@ 5BN I@ F=AANURRNAF@6 D@ B 0@dUR?@AF@ D@ R=B>?U=AR D@R E2>N?U=AR D@ QI@GI IUjI@M/ A=? NA0NNDG@? ? @@] =Fg @? F@ GG@ 2>NAD B@ QI=HBjG@ D@I GUAUGURN?IjU=A D@ B 0EA@I9U@ QNR D@ R=B>?U=A 5F=GG@ F0@R? B@ FNR Q=> D@R U=AR ? R AE9N?U8R6 f@R IER>B?N?R =A? E?E R=>GUR Q=>I Q>HBUFN?U=A / a X_ YJ \=>IA=AR]A=>R GNUA?@ANA? M@IR B@R QI=HBjG@R RQEFU 2>@R N>d RPR?jG@R G=BEF>BNUI@R [A@ QI@GUjI@ NQQI=Fh@ Q=>I RUG>B@I B@R @ @?R D0@AMUI=AA@G@A? F=ARUR?@ I@ BN G=BEF>B@ @? B@ GUB@> @d?EIU@>I F=GG@ >A@ Q@I] /?>?IHINN?U?@U=AI B0UA?@W@ IFNF?hNQU=AU?I@@A?4 F=AF@ IA@ B 0@d?@ARU=A D@ BN ?hE=IU@ D@R Q@I?>IHN?U=AR I I UAENUI@R N> FNDI@ A=A BUAENUI@ D> G=DjB@ D@ NNI?I@@]M=Fg =QE N?@> R D@R B IE@B _=>R QI=>M=AR DNAR F@ FhNQU?I@ B@ '* #$# . f I?@G@A? F=AA> D@Q>UR B=A ?@GQR QNI B@R FhUGUR?@R A NMNU? QNR I@@>F=GQ= IER@A? D @dQBUFN?U=A RN?UR NURNA?@ _=>R G=A?I=AR DNAR B@ FhN] O>R > Q QU?I@ J >@ B NB =IU?hG@ D@ Y==?I hNNA GUAIUGI UR@ @A g NU? >A@ =AF?U=AA@BB@I BN =AF?U=AA@BB@ D EA@ U@ D@ N ? @@] =F ?=>? @A B>U E?NA? @BUE@ I@ D@R GUAUGN D@ F@??@ =AF?U=AA@BB@ @A >A F@I?NUA R@AR @? >@I D@ BN R?I>F?> FBNUI@G@A? B NB?@ AN?UM@ @A?I@ F=AM@I @AF@ @?I=RFUBBN?U=A _=>RI @dhU] HDEF=>B@ =AR E NB@G@A? >A @d@GQB@

(51) EE R> B@ >@B A=>R Q =>M=AR >@ B NB =IU?hG@ D@ Y==?hNNA F=AD>U? @@F?UM@G@A? >A@ =RFUBBN?U=A bNAR >A D@>dUjG@ ?@GQRIU A=>R E?>DU=ARhB NB =IU?hG@ D@ I >U h U UR?NA? DUN =ANBUR@ A=A =AI D@ B NgB = ? G@! D@ Y==? INNA F=AR @R? >A@ @d?@AR I I 0 U QB>R B =QE N?@> D@ =F GN R B =QE N?@> . 0 ! 1 . . . . E . . . . . B. C. . EE. . . >. . . . . . .

(52). . EF # $. G

(53) . B.

(54) C. . E. E.

(55)

(56)

(57)

(58) . 8. _=>R QI=>M=AR QNI NUBB@>IR >A IER>B?N? D> GG@ ?PQ@ GNUR QB>R NUHB@ R>I jB@ D@ \h=GNR] @IGU]M=A @UR Fg@I B@ G=D E cA QIN?U >@ B@R FhNGQR GN AE?U >@R @d?EIU@>IR B@R G=DjB@R D@ BN QhNR@ BU >UD@ D@II?PQ@ F=A?I UA>>G DUEB@F?IU >@ F FhNQU?I@R I IH@? C NUARI U >@ F@I] ?Nc UA@RI F= h@F?U=AR I@BN?IHUMUR?@R D=AA@A?I BU@> I D@R Q@ ?> N?U=AR E >BUjIIU@R I h IU A @MNAF @ BN Q@ ?> N?U=A @A @AD E@ QNI >A F NGQ EB@F?I >@ @d?E @> I U >AH = G@ GIG@ D@ NUHB@ UA?@ARU?E A @A? @ IQNR DNAR F@I FND @ @? D=h U? NI UI@ B = O@? D >A ? NU?@G@A? RQEFU >@ SA=>R G=A? =AR ?=>O=> R DNAR B@ F NQU? @ B@. M. 6. ; 5 9 22 5 8 7 : 6 2 = / < 9 9 0 2 8 4 2. 2 2 08 0 8 '* #$# . B. F. C. . E .

(59) . . . . . . . . 02 N. _=>R QI=>M=AR @A =>?I@ B@ IER>B?N? D@ A=A]@dUR?@AF@ R>UMNA? >U E?@AD N> I@ A=A BUAENUI@ D> G=DjB@ D@ NI?I@@] =Fg >A IER>B?N? D XMI=A @? @IHR? FND QI=>ME DNAR >A FNDI@ BUAENUI@ . 11> '* # $#. B. . N M. E D . C. / ; 5 9/ 2. M. _=>R NH=>?URR=AR BN GG@ F=AFB>RU=A R>I B@ G=DjB@ D@ \h=GNR] @IGU]M=A] @U RFg@I E f@BN =HBU @ I@F=ARUDEI@I B@R IER>B?N?R =H?@A>R QNI B@R FhUGUR?@R >U IER=BM@A? UAR F@R E >N?U=AR @? =H?U@AA@A? D@R IER>B?N?R @A F=A =IGU?E NM@F B@R AENAG= I QNI @d@GQB@ R>I B@ FNBF>B D@ B @@? <?NIg WN R=I?U@ G@R> @R I@dQEIUG@A?NB@R D@ F@ QN ND=d@hU NQQNI@A? QNRR@ QI=HNHB@G@A?IQNI B @d?@ARU=A N> FNDI@ A=AI U >@ D@ BN A=?U=A D@ ER=ANAF@ DEAU@ DNAR B@ FND @ BUAENUI@ D@ BN F GU@ >NA? BUAENUI@ GNUR A=>R A NH=ID=AR QNR F@ QI=HBjG@ DNAR F@??@ ?hjR@ I> R=>R =IG@ D NI?UFB@ DNAR W@ Fh NQU?I@ @R? QN

(60) Y . 6. 2 00 8. 20 2 4 81 0 UI=AA@G@A? @R? R=>M@A? >A QI=] W0UA?@PINF?U=A D0>fA@ G=BEF>B@ NM@F >A @AM D ANGU2>@HU 0@R? B@ FNR DjR 2>j 0=A @R? @A QIER@AF@ID0>A FhNGQ @d?E] IUF@RR>R I hU U U U U @> =RF BBNA? => @A EMh D@GG@A?I D R 2> 0=A E?>D @ >A@ ENF? =A F GU2>@ UV @A 2> 0UB @dUR?@ D@R ?@F AU2>@R Q@ G@??NA? D@ ING@A@I F@I?NUAR D@ F@R QI=] HBjG@R D0EM=B>?U=A / D@R QI=HBjG@R R?N?U=AANUI@R UB I@R?@ AENAG=UAR AEF@R] RNUI@ DNAR fD@ A=GHI@>d FNR D@I I@F=>IUI DUI@F?@G@A? /I D@R RUG>BN?U=AR DP] ANGU2>@R =GG@ DNAR B@ FND @ R?N?U=AANUI@ UB @R? QN 8NU?@G@A? UGQ=RRUHB@ . .

(61).

(62).

(63)

(64)

(65)

(66) . 08 2 0 8 09 ? 2 2 0. 2 02 2 ? 9 > 2 0 0 2 M N. D N??N >@I D@ I=A? BN IER=B>?U=A A>GEIU >@ D@ B E >N?U=A D@ <FhI DUA @I @? UB N>? D NH=ID Fh=URUI >A@ NQQI=dUGN?U=A D@ F@??@ E >N?U=A W@ FhNQU?I@ U=AR D@ B E >N?U=A F=AR<UR?@ @A B INANBPR@ GN?hEGN?U >@ D >A@ D@Rj NQQI=dIUGN? h I U D@ F D A @ IUDEQ@ADNA? D> ?@GQR S B@ G=D B@ D@ N ? @@ =Fg A=A NDUNHN] U? >@ >U R EF ? Q=>I >A RPR?jG@ G=BEF>BNUI@ UR=BE ] . 8 8> 6 7 - 6 7 2 7 1 4 ' 8 8: ' 1 8

(67) '. 89 8 1 A 19 !8 9 ' ' . > = ! !! 9 1 9 ! 9. = > . ! !8 8 ! 9 9. 1 8 8 8 19. 9 1 9 8 . . =9 ! ! 9 ! 9 = $%& 9 . ! A. / ! " !> $%& ! "*+, !- ' ! .' 7 @ A @ B E E# . " # > $%& ! / 7@A @. 9. 9. / 0 6/ 05. I @ @? BN Q=RU?U=A DNAR B UAR?NA? D> ]UjG@ @? DERU ANA? BN FhNIHU P Uj A= N> @? BN ] G@ = ?NB@ G=BEF>BNUI@ B UAR?NA? Q=>I ?=>?I @? ?=>? _=>R G=A? =AR B@ @?. '*#$#. 9. N 0 0M 0 2 8:. f@ IER>B?N? QI=B=A @ B@ IER>B?N? D @dUR?@AF@ @? D >AUFU?E D@ fhNDNG @? BNRR@P CK F=AF@IANA? B@ G=DjB@ D@ NI?I@@ =Fg DEQ@ADNA? D> ?@GQR ] hPQ=?hjR@ UAF=GQN?UHB@ NM@F B E?>D@ D@ IENF?U=AR FhUGU >@R _=>R E?@AD=AR @AR>U?@ B@ IER>B?N? N> FNR =$ B@ RPR?jG@ G=BEF>BNUI@ @R? R=>GUR >A FhNGQ EB@F?IU >@ >AU =IG@ DEQ@ADNA? D> ?@GQR. / '* #$# . . 2. E E# . . > > $%& ! ( ' > " #%& " # $%& ! ( )7 89 8> " ! $%& ! * 7 @ A @ / B. f@??@ D@IAUjI@ E?>D@ R@ M@>?>A QI@GU@I QNR @A DUI@F?U=AD@ BN F=GQIEh@ARU=A IU >@ D> F=A?I B@ D@R IENF?U=AR FhU] GN?hEGN?UI >@ @?I D@ BN RUG>BN?UI=AhA>GE I h U U U R UB NH=>?U? @@F?UM@G@A? N>d GI >@R QN I BNR@ D=GN A@ D@ @F @ F @ > ER>B?N?RI HQ =G@??@>IR @RF=GQ?ER PQ=>IINU? =>MIUI >A FhNGQ D NQQBUFN?U=AI UI@ @? D=AA@ F=ARUDE N B@ N>dH IRUG>BN?U=AR D@I D ANGU >@I G=BEF>BN BU@> D@R F=BBN = N?U=AR F=AR? >F?UM@R @A? @ A>GEIUFU@AR @? QhPRUFU@AR W@ FhNQU?I@ @R? QN I N ?I@ R=>R =IG@ D NI?UFB@ DNAR .

(68) Y. 2 2 /. > /. 22 0 A 2 84 0. 0.

(69)

(70)

(71)

(72) . TNINBBjB@G@A? / F@R ?INMN>d ?hE=IU2>@R A=>R NM=AR G@AE D@R E?>D@R A>] IU GE 2>@R I@BN?UM@R / D@R G=DjB@R D@ G=BEF>B@R R=BMN?E@R WN 2>NRU]?=?NBU?E D@RI IENF?U=AR hFhUGU2>@R UA?EI@RRNA? B 0UAD>R?IU@ => B@R RFU@AF@R D@IABN MU@ R@I DE =>B@A? @A Q NR@ BU2>IUD@ = B@R @ @?R D@ R=BMN?N?U=A O=>@A? >A B@ IDE?@ GUANA? ^B @R?hU D=AF UGQ= ?NA? @AI M>@ D@R NQQBUFN?U=AR D@ RNM=UI @ j@F?>@ D@R FNBF>BR D@IF GU@ 2h>NA?I U2>@ R> D@R G=BEF>B@R R=BMN?E@R I U U =A = NA? / B 0 @> @ NF?>@BB@ B@ jG@ BB@> F=GQI=GUR W@ IG=D B@ D@ R=BMN?N? I U U? D> @A? @ 2 >NB ?E D@R ER>B?N?R @? ?@GQR D@ FNBF>B @R? B@ G=D B@ D DNAR B@2>@B B 0@AR@GHB@ D@R G=BEF>B@R D@ R=BMNA? @R? I@QIER@A?E QNI I>A F=A?UA>>GI DUEB@F?IU2>@IBN QIER@AF@ D@ IF@ F=A?UIA>>G G=DTU NA? IB@R h I UA?@ NF?U=AR EB@F? =R?N?U2>@R @A? @ B@R F N 9@R Q= ?E@R QN B@ R=B>?E B>R Q E] FUREG@A? BN G=BEF>B@ D@ R=B>?E @R? QBNFE@ DNAR >A@ FNMU?E 5I@QIER@A?NA? B@ = I UA>>G DUEB@F?IU2>@ QN F@??@ G=BEF>B@ 6 QB=A 9 E@ DNAR >A F=A? M=B>G@I <U=FF>QE D@ Q@ G ??UMU?E I@BN?UM@ E9NB@ / F@BB@ D> R=BMNA? 5MU9 J6 .

(73) . . $. . . . . . . . . 7. ε = εs ε =1. H. O. C H. 0. N2. JSa=DjB@ D@ F=A?UA>>G S I@QIER@A?N?U=A D >A@ G=BEF>B@ D@IU > fZ QBNFE@ DNAR >A@ FNMU?E @BB@]GG@ QB=A E@ DNAR >A F=A?UA>>G DUEB@F? >@ G=DEBU] RNA? B@ R=BMNA?. 9. . 9 8. 2 2 2 0 92 /0 2 9 20. W@ F=>QBN @I D@ F@ G=DjB@ NM@F >A IG=DjB@ G=BEF>BNI UI@ FBNRRU >@ => >NA?U >@ R@ NUP? @A @GQBN NA? DNAR B @dQ @RRU=A D@ B EA@ U@ D@ BN G=BEF>B@ UR=BE@ I B@ A= N> D@ @@A D@ B UA?@INF?U=A EB@F?I=R?N?U >@ DNAR B@ MUD@ QNI B@ A=PN> D@ I@@A D@ B =QEIN?@>IU I 1I

(74) ! =$ B@ FhNGQI MN>? 7 B UA?EIUIU@>I R=>M@A?h BN ER=B>?UI=A A>GE >@ D@ BN FNMjU?E @? B @d?E @> W@ QB>R I U U >U R=A? D@RI G=D B@R D@ F=A? A>>G R NQQ> @ R>I HD@Rj GE? =D@RI UA?E NB@R I $ %& QN NU?@G@A? NDNQ?E@R F@ F=A?@d?@ S Q = B G@ Q=RE R> Q ER@AF@ D >A@. 8. 0 0 /0 0 0 /.

(75)

(76)

(77)

(78) . 8 0 8. /. 0. UA?@I NF@ =QEIN?@>I DUEI@A?U@B F=@FU@A?R F=AR?NA?R D@ QNI? @? D N>?I@ D@ B UA?@I NF@ _=?I@ F=A?IUH>?U=A B E?>D@ A>GEIU >@ D@R G=DjB@R D@ F=A?UA>>G N @> BU@> U [AUM@IRU?E DNARTUB@ FNDI@ D >A@I F=BBNH=hUIN?U=A NM@F V TIa@AA>FFU @? i \=GNR ? D@ =?@F?U=A @? D@ @?E _>FBENUI@ @? N Q= ?E R> D@>d NRQ@F?R S ID D@ A=>M@N>d F=A?@d?@R R?NADN J B hP @d?@ARU=A D> G=DjB@ D@ F=A?UA>>G I IU U U U >UD@R GN?IUF@R FIUR] Q R >@R ?@BR B@R R=BMNA?R NA R=? =Q@R F R?N>d B ?NBBUA@R @? B@R R=B>?U=AR U=AU >@R BU >UD@R QhPRU=B= U >@R BI =H?@A?I U=A D@ =IIG>B@R D@ DEIUME@R NANBP?U >@R D@ B EA@I U@ ?=?NB@ QNI NQQ= ? N>d F== D=AAE@R A>FBENUI@R @A M>@ D@ B =Q?UGURN?U=A D@ E=] GE?IU@ @? D> FNBF>B ID@RH jG=D@R D@ MUHIN?U=A D >A@ G=BEF>B@ R=BMN?E@ WN DIU F>B?EI D@ F@ Q = B G@ MU@A?P D> NU? >@ BN FNMU?E G=BEF>BNUI@ R@ DE = G@ B= R > =A DEQBNF@ B@R A= N>d h IER>B?N?R A>GEIU >@R R=A? DE?NUBBER DNAR B@ FhNQU?I@ W@R =D@R aE? @? UM@G@A? FhNQU?I@R @? C I @QI@AA@A? D@R NI ?UFB@R ?@FhA U >@R QNI>R I@RQ@F? . DNAR Y @? DNAR . YCYL @? F=AF@IA@A? FhNF>A D@R D@>d NRQ@F?R D@ UB QIER@A?ER FU]D@RR>R TNI NUBB@>IR F@R ?INMN>d =A? D=AAE BU@> A=?I@ ?INMN H U U=AR R>I DUM@IR RPR?jG@R FhU] D@>d Q> B FN?U=AR QIER@A?NA? D@RI FNR D NQQBUFN?. GU >@R Y Y @? =A? E?E UA?E ER D@>d NI?UFB@R D@ I@M>@h R>I B@R G=D jB@R UA>>G B >A B N??@A?U=A D@ BN F=GG>AN>?E D@R GN? EGN?UFU@AR YK D@ F=A? I B N>? @ B N??@A?U=A D@ BN F=GG>AN>?E D@R FhUGUR?@R YJ . / 0 2 5 6 6 08 5 0 2 /2 5 6 2 5 2 9 2 6 10 8 2 00 9 9 0 8 2 8 20 2 7 2> : / 2 7 :0 / 0 9 / 0 3 0 /0 . . c fNAF jR NAD f W@ VIUR a X_ R> HGU??@D B cfNAFjR NAD f W@VIU R aN? h a=D NAD a@? hUAXQQ <FU L 5JKKL6 77]K> c f j f IU . . B . . B . . B

(79) . . . . . . >. . . . . . NAF R NAD W@ V R & ?= NQQ@NI. UA aN?h . a=D NAD a@?h UA XQQ <FU B c fNAFjR NAD V a@AA>FFU & . G i aN?h fh@G JKKL K] B c fNAFjR V a@AA>FFU NAD i \=GNRU

(80) & . G i fh@G ThPR J J JKKC J ] J JC. 14 5 6 43 41:. 5 6 373: 37. 3.

(81)

(82)

(83)

(84) . U c fNAFjR NAD i \=GNRU

(85) . ' V a@AA>FF. . . B. & G i ThPR fh@G J C JKKC. 3 5 6 4341 43> J . cf]NAF jR NAD V a@AA>FF U

(86) . i fh@G ThPR 3Jc Kf5JKKLj 6 1>K]17K U NAF R V a@AA>FF NAD i \=GNRU

(87) . i fh@G ThPR J3K 5JKKL6 1:3]1:: L c f NAF jRf W@ V IUR V a@AA>FF U NAD i \=GNRU . ?= NQQ@NI UA aN?h a=D NAD a@?h UA XQQ <FU K 5JKKK6 f XG=MUBBU @ VNI=A@ Y fNGGU c fNAF@R a f=RRU V a@AA>FFU . B . . B . . . . B . . . . . . . . . B . B. G . G . . . . .

(88) . f < T=G@BBU NAD i \=GNRU . ' & ?= NQQ@NI UA XDM >NA?>G fh@G c fNAFjR a b@ INAF@RFhU NAD f W@ VIUR ?= NQQ@NI UA Â? i >NA?>G fh @G @=I @ NBB M=B>G@ RQ@FUNB URR>@. . 5 9N. 8. 6.

(89) . & . & & & . E.

(90). 2 0 22 2 2 22. 2 2. _=>R @RQEI=AR >@ F@ INQUD@ R>IM=B D@ BN FhUGU@ >NA?U >@ Q@IG@??IN I A=A RQEFUNBUR?@ D UD@A?U@I >@B >@R]>AR D@R A=GHI@>d QI=HBjG@R N> B@F?@> h U >@R @? A>GEIU >@R >@ I@FjB@ F@??@ DURFUQBUA@ @? E NB@G@A? D@ GN? I@QBNF@EGN? I DNAR B@>I F=A?@d?@ B@R >@R?U=AR NH=IDE@R DNAR F@??@ ?hjR@. 9.

(91) " ! "

(92) B@ F=GQ=I?@G@A? D >A RPR?jG@ G=BEF>] bNAR BN INAD@j GNO=IU?E D@R FNR U=A D@ BN< UIhI@ @R? F=GQB ?@G@A? DEFIU? NM@F< >A@ @dF@BB@A?@I QIEFURU=A QNI B E >N? I I U U U U UI U U F D A h@ IU> B> @R? NRR=F E@ NM= I @dQB= ?@ F@??@ E >N? =A Q@U G@??INU? I IU hU U D=AF @A ? E= @ D@ FNBF>B@ ?=>?@R B@R Q =Q E?@R F G >@R GEFNA >@R =Q] ?U >@R GNI AE?U >@R I D@ F@ RPR?jG@I W NGHU?U=A D@ BN FhUGU@I >NA?U >@ @R? D@ QN M@AUI< hI @d? NUII@ N> G=UADI H@ F=? B@ GNdUIG>G D UA = GN?I U=AIU D@ U=A D@ F DUA @ NM@F Q=> >? >B?UG@ BN Q EDUF?U=A D@R Q =Q E?ER B E >N? P D@IU R R?jG@R G=BEF>BNUI@R IUF@ >U @A @INU? >A =>?UB N>d => D@ A=>M@N>d GE] Q MUBE UE D NUID@ BN F=AF@Q?U=AI D@ A=>M@N>d GN?E DUFNG@A?RIQN @d@GQB@ W UA?E ? D@ F@??@ DEGNIFh@ @R? EMUD@A? ?NA? D> Q=UA? D@M>@ Q> @G@A? RFUh@A?U >@I >@ D> Q=UA? D@ M>@ D@R NQQBUFN?U=AR aNUR B@R DU F>B?ER R=A? BN N>?@> D@R @AO@>d JC. 9 ? 92 2 9 2/ ? 02 9 0 / /. 6 9. 02 2. 0 02 2 2 5 2 0 2 2 08 2 8.

(93)

(94) . . ^B @dUR?@ ?=>?@ >A@ ;==B=9U@ D@I G=DjB@R Q=>I I DEFIUI@ IUBN GN?IUjII@ I/ B 0EFh@BB@ G=BEF>BNIUI@ 2> 0=A FBNRR@ 9EAE NB@G@A? @A ? =UR FN?E9= @R QN = D @ D@ F=G] QB@dU?E F =URRNA?@ S J B@R G=DjB@R @GQUIU2>@R 14 B@R G=DjjB@R R@GU]@GQ UIU2>@R B@R G=D B@R W@R G=DjB@R J> 1J 1>< hI43? 4> R=A? D@RI G=DjB@R 2>NA?h U2IU>@R DUI@F] I U U U RR>R D@ B 0E2>N? =A D@ F D A9@ @? Q@ G@??@A? @A ? E= @ D0NM=UI ?@G@A? NFFjR / ?=>?@R B@RHIUQI=QIUE?ER QhPRUF=]FhUGU2>@R D> RPR?jG@ 5h=IR IENF?U=AR UI@R6 W@R 2>@R EBEG@A?NUI@R D@ BN GN?UjI@ R=A? / F@ AUM@N> D@ D@R] A>FBEN IU F Q?U=A B@R A=PN>d N?=GU2>@R @? B@R EB@F?hPI=AR f@R G=DjB@R A@I 8=A? UA?@IM@AUI 2QN>@INGB@RjF=AR?NA?@R D@ BN QP RU2>@I @?I A@MF=GQ= ?@A? D=AF N>F>A I? @ @GQUIU28>@=ADNG@A?NB@R j g UI R@F?U=A 1 1 16 N =F = W@R G=D B@R D@ ? Q@ N ? @@ 5 M ] @A?I@A? DNAR F@??@ FN?E9I=IUh@ <@B=A BN QIIEFURU=A R=>hNU?E@ B@R GE?Ih=D@R P I . Q@ G@??@A? N>O=> D 0 >U D 0@ @F?>@ D@R FNBF>BR R?N?U2>@R R> D@R R R] I?NA? O>R2> 0/ J33 => GG@ J333 N?=G@R W@R FNB] ?jG@RPG=BEF>BNUI@R F=GQ= UHB@R 5F8 F>BR D ANGU2>@RI R=A? ?IjR B=>IDR GNUR D@MU@AA@A?h Q@> / Q@> NFF@RR Ij U 7 U U U R@F? =AI I 6 BR @R?@A? F@Q@ADNA? B G ?ER / D@R EF @BB@R D@ ?@GQR ? R F=>I?@RI D@ B 0HI= D @ D@ BN QUF=R@F=AD@ 5 R6 F@ 2>U @R? A@??@G@A? UAR> RNA? Q=> A=G @ D0NQQBUFN?U=AR W@R G=DjB@R @GQUIU2>@R JJ 1K J:1 14>j @AF=I@ NQQ@BER G=DjB@R D@ PDPAN] UI@ A@ R=A? QNR D@R G=D B@R 2>NA?U2>@R W@R N?=G@R R=A? GU2>@ G=BEF>BN I U UA?R GN?EIU@BR => D@R RQhjI@R D>I@R 2>U =HEURR@A? / >A@ RER G=DEB QN D@R Q= U2>@ A@ ?=AU@AA@ @? UA?@IN9URR@A? D@R Q=?@A?U@BR @GQUIU2>@R f@R DPANG j NFFjR G=D B@R QIUIER@A?@A? IQB>RU@>IR UAF=AMEAIU@A?R GNO@>jIIR S UBR A@ D=AA@A? QNR I I I U U U N>d =Q =A BR A@ Q@ G@??@A? 9> @ D@ R G>B@ D@R ENF?U=AR Q E?ER EB@F? 2 >@R jD@A? Q@> D@ FNQNFU?ER QIEDUF?UM@R F=AF@IANA? B@R G=BE] FhUGU2>@R @? UBRI Q=RR P F>B@R A=A @AF= @ R A?hE?URE@R I5UB @R?I ?IjR hPNRNj ID@>d D@ ?INARI 8EPI@IjD@R Q=?@A] UIU2>@R =Q?UGURER Q=> F@ ?NUAR R R? G@R / >A N>? @ R R? G@ GG@ ?U@BR @GQ = h U U U <Q=M=I?NA?R A 6QB>RcAUI@>@MNAF ?I@ GUR @A =@>MI@ Q=>I D@R RPR?jG@R F=G] IR GUBB@U=ARBR Q@>M@A? IG@??@A? QNI @d@GQB@ B@ FNBF>B QNI N D 0 ?=G@R @? Q@ G=P@AA@R R?N?UR?U2h>@RI D@ F=@ FU@A?R D@ ?INARQ=I? 5F=@ FU@A?R jD@ DU >RU=A UMU?E ? @ GU2>@ D@ MURF=RU?E 6 VU@A 2>@ B@ G=D B@ UAU?UNB D@ D@ F=AD>F? jB@ hNGUB?=AU@A F@ 2>U QBNF@ BN DUPANGU2U >@ G=BEF>BNUI@ R=HU? >Ah G=D I U2>@ 5A=GHI@ =A DNAR B 0@AR@G IB@ ? @ G=DPANGU2>@I GUFI=FNA=A BN R G>BN? I h U U U U D@ QNI ? F>B@RI M=B>G@ @? EA@H9 @ F=AR?NA?R6 D M@HIR@R ?@F AI2>@R Q@IG@??@A? D@ ? NMNI UBB@I DNARI B@R @AR@G B@R FNA=AIU2>@ 5A=G @ D@ QN ?UF>B@R hUF=AR?NA? ?@GQEIN?>I@ @? QI@RRU=A D=AAE@R6 => 9 NAD FNA=AU2>@ 5Q=?@A?U@BR F GU2>@R ?@GQE N?> @ @? Q @RRU=A D=AAER6 cA A B@R G=DjB@R R@GU]@GQUIU2>@R 4J 41 R=A? D@R G=DjB@R 2>NA?U2>@R RUG] QBU ER F=GQ=I?NA? >A F@I?NUA A=GHI@ D@ QNINGj?I@R @GQUIU2>@R ^BR R=A? . . . . . . . > 7. . . . . . . . . .

(95)

(96) . 8. . .

(97)

(98) . 20. 2 2 / 2 20. . QNI =UR >?UBURER F=GG@ G=P@A ?@PIG@j B=IR > >IA@ D@RFIUQ?U=A >NA?U >@ @R? AE] UI@ GNUR >@ BN ?NUBB@ D> R R? G@ A@ Q@ G@? QNR >A FNBF>B ^BR F@RRN Q@IG@??@A? E NB@G@A? D =H?@AUI >A@ QI@GUjI@ NQQI=dUGN?U=A ID@ BN R=B>?U=A I H j I U U D >A Q = B G@ >NA? >@ > R@ ? @AR>U?@ D@ Q=UA? D@ DEQN ? >A FNBF>B U?EIN?U F R@F?U=A W@ Fh=Ud ID >A G=DjB@ DEQ@AD D@R QI=QIUE?ERP QhPRUF=]FhUGU >@R > =A F_h@IFh@ P j U FNBF>B@ D@ BN ?N BB@ D> R R?I G@ @?I D@R G= j@AR D@ FNBF>BI DURQ=AI UHB@R =?=AR > UB @R? Q=RRUHB@ D@I F=>QB@ I DU E @A?R G=D hB@RI S =A QN IB@ NB= R D@ GE?h=D@ hPHIU U U Q=> E?>DU@ B NF?U=A D >A@ = G=A@ R> >A RU?@ NF?U D >A@ IQ =?EUD@A@ X=AARQ@>? UBUR@I >A G=DjB@ Q=>I B@ RPR?jG@ G=BEF>BNUI@ >? h=IG=A@ @? D> RU?@ NF?U @? >A G=DjB@ D@ DPANGU >@ G=BEF>] F=AR?U?>EID@ B IUI h=D@R hPHIUD@R R@GHB@A? UI BNI @ Q=> DEF @ B@ I@R?@ D@I BN IQI=?EUA@ f@R GE? ? @ >A@ M=U@ D NM@AUI Q=> B@ ? NU?@G@A? D@R RPR?jG@R D@ INAD@ ?NUBB@ @? R=A? B h@>I@ NF?>@BB@ @A QB@UA DEM@B=QQ@G@A? W@R FhNQU?Ij@R @? D@ cF@??@I ?hjR@h?INU?@A?h@dFB>RI UM@G@A? D@ QI=HBjG@R BUER I U. D@R G=D B@R A @MNAF @ B@R F NQ ? @R @? C F=ARNF ER BN G=DEBURN?U=A D@ BN QhNR@j BU >UD@ @? F@A?IER R>I IB@ F=>QBN @ HU@A?I@ >A G=DjjB@ G=BEF>BN UI@ @? >A G=Dj B@ D@ R=BMN?N?U=A F=AF@ A@A? N>RRU @A B@R G=D B@R >@ B@R G=D B@R @GQUIU >@R @? R@GU]@GQUIU >@R _=>R A NH=ID=AR QNR UFU BN >@R?U=A D@ BN QIEDUF?U=A D@ IER>B?N?R =HR@IMNHB@R U >@ EFh@BB@R FNINF?EIUR?U >@R SB@ GUBBUGj?I@ BN R@F=AD@ B EIFh@BB@ GNFI=RF=Q @F?>ER I h@BB@ GUFI=RF=QU >@ EFh@BB@R UI B@ I NGG@ QN ? D@ FNBF>BR @ B E F 7& gUB= INGG@ NID=AR FN NF?EIUR?U >@R SIU7 Gj?I@ 7I HR@F=AD@ R@>B@G@A? B @RQ IU? >@ F @R?I >A Q = BjG@ II@BN?UM@G@A?RUGQB@ Q=>I IB@R N Q@> D@AR@R @? B@R F R?N>d QNI NU?R GNUR @d? G@G@A?h DU jFUB@ @? A=AI ER=B> H DNAR h@N>F=>Q D@I FNR @A NUR=AI A=?NGG@A? D@ Q EA=G A@RI UA?@ M@ANA?c I U U UI U U >@ A D@R EF @BB@RI A?@ GED N @R @A? @ B@ G F =RF=QU >@ @? B@ GNF =RF=Q @ @? BN QIU=QN N?U=A D@R DURB=FN?U=AR B UA >@AF@ D@R DE N>?R R>I BN F=AD>F U? =A EB@F? >@ B NG=IF@ D@ BN >RU=A N>d O=UA?R D@ INUA BN I@Q?N?U=A D@R] hEA=GjA@R @dQBU >NA? B@ F=GQ=I?@] Q=BPGjI@RI R=A? N>?NA? D @d@GQB@R D@ Q IUN>d @? D=A? =A A@ Q@>? I@ADI@ F=GQ?@ > G@A?h GNF =RF=QU >@ D@R GN?E h INF?EIUR?U >@R S 7 Gj?I@ 7 R@F=AD@ U B EF@BB@ GER=RF=Q >@ E F @BB@R FN gUB= INGG@ FNI UBR I@BjM@A? D >A@ QNI? D >A@ DPANGU >@ D@ I=>Q@ =A 7 A@I IB@R =HR@hIM@ > NM@F H@N>F=>QU D@ QNI?UF>B@R H@? DI N>?I@ QNII? D EMEA@G@A?R N @R B EF @BB@ D> ?@GQR N?=G >@ =A A@hB@RIU= IR@ M@I >@ R> D@R EFh@BB@R D@ U@A >@ B =A Q>URR@ @A ? E= @ @AD @ F=GQ?@ D@ F@R QhEA=] ?@GQR B=A >@R V U >@R QNI >A@ RUG>BN?U=A UBR I@R?@A? F@Q@ADNA? h=IR GjA@RI GER=RF=Q INU? D@ Q= ?E@ B h@>T I@INF?>@BB@ @A INhUR=A D> F=? UA =IGN?U >@ >@ I@QIER@A?@ H I I I U U U => N = D@ B EF @BB@ GER=RF=Q >@ =A >? B R@ @A EAE NB => >A HU@A?@B>AFNBF>B G=DjB@ D@ DPANGU >@ G=BEF>BNUI@ => HU@A >A G=DIU jB@ @GQUIU >@ RQE] U U >@ ^B @R? F@Q@ADNA? D@R FNR A=A ? MUN>d =$ B =A Q@>? GER=RF=Q IFENB U>@G@A? I I U U R@ B A?E N? =A D@RI EFh@BB@R D> GUFI=RF=QU >@ N> GNFI=RF=QI U >@I fU?=AR NUARU D@R E?>D@R D@ RE E N?U=A DNAR B@R NBBUN @R F=AD>U?@R QN B@ =>Q@ D@. 2 0 9 0 8 25 8 2 2 1 1 1 76 /2 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 /0 14 > / 2 2 2 0 2 / 09 6 / 2 5 2 / 0 2/ 0 2 0 8 2 9 0 2 0 0 8 2 0 9 62 5 20 0 /< 0 9 2=6 0 2 0 2 5 6 /0 2 0 82 2 0 9 22 99 92 . . 7 :9 2. 9. 2. 80. /. 9 26 5 9 ; 5 6/ 2 89 2 2 0/ 2 9 5 02 0 22 9 20 29 . .

(99) . .

(100) . aNI?UA N> fcX bNAR >A N>?Ih@ @RQIUI ? B@R G=DjB@R D@I F=A?UA>>G Q=>I BN h I U U U U U Q NR@ PB > D@ UIUF R@F? =AI U @?I FI NQU ? @ Q@>M@A?U U ? @ F=AR DE ER F=GG@ >A G= @A @GQ I >@ Q=>H A?E @ B A >@AF@ D> G B @> DNAR B@ FNBF>B >NA U? >@ F@ >U Q@ G@? D = ?@AUI D@R IER>B?N?R DUI@F?@G@A? ?INARQ=RNHB@R] B EFh@BB@ GNFI=RF=QU >@. 2 5 8 2 > 1 9 0 76 2 / 20 2 20 ^BP @R?j D0>RN9@ D@ ?INMNH UBB@I @A FhUGU@ 2>NA?U2>@ @A >AU?ER N?=GU2>@R f@ R R? G@ D0>AU?ER @R? = ?@A> @A UGQ=RNA? . . .

(101). . . . 7 7 7 7 % DERU A@ BN GNRR@ D@ B EB@F?I=A BN FhNI @ EBEG@A?NUI@ BN F=AR?NA?@ D@ TBNAFg IED>U?@ ( @? BN F=AR?NA?@ DUEB@F?IU >@ D> MUD@ W >AU?E D@ I & g U B=A >@>I A=?E@ @? NQQ@BE@ GNRR@ INP=A D@MN>?V=NB= hI R

(102) 77. 77 G B >BA>U?EA ?ED@D@?@GQR R @? B >AU?E. 7 D EA@I U@ BI@ hNI?I@@ A=?EI N I7 IU iI R=U? @ f@ RPR?jG@I D >AU?ER Q@ G@? D >A@ QN ? D@ RUGQBU@ B EF ?> @ D@R E >N?U=AR @? D N>? @ % 7. 5 9. 0. 9 2 60 90 0 9 5 6 0 @ 00 9 5 0 N 6 0 2 0 UI@ NM@F D@R MNB@>IR A>GEIU2>@R NFF@R] QNI? D@ ?INMNUBB@I / B 0EFh@BB@ G=BEF>BN RUHB@R / B 0UA?>U?U=A S NUARU Q=>I B 0N?=G@ D0hPDI=9jA@ QNI @d@GQB@ BN <DUR?NAF@ G=P@AA@= @A?I@ B 0EB@F?I=A @? B@ A=PN> MN>? @? B 0EA@PI9Uj@ D> 8=ADNG@A?NB MN>?

(103) WN MU?@RR@ D@ BN B>GUjI@ MN>? DNAR F@ R R? G@ D0>AU?ER 5= @R? BN F=AR?NA?@ ] NDUG@ARU=AA@BB@ ] D@ R?I>F?>I@ A@6 F0@R?]/]DUI@ @AMUI=A B G&"(#%&" )&")! f=ARUDEI=AR >A RPR?jG@ G=BEF>BNUI@ UR=BE 8=IGE D@ A=PN>d @? D@ EB@F] U2>@ A=A I@BN?UMUR?@ F@ RPR?jG@ @R? F=GQBj?@G@A? ?I=ARIU cAIGEFNAU2>@ 2>NA?. . DEF ? QN >A@ 5J6 /Q=RMNB@>U?U=AI @?DNARD@ fRQ UA DERD> U9]ANA? BN MNP IUNHB@ D@ ?@GQR IU H@? B@R MNIUNHB@R D@ UjG@ A= N> @? B@R MN N B@R D@ Q=RU?U=A @? D@ I U Uj RQ A D> I] G@ EB@F? =A W@R MNIUIUNHHB@R @? IR=A? D@R MNIUNHB@R F=A?UA>@R B@R MN N B@R D@ RQUA @AD@A? F=GQ?@ D@ B 0E?N? D@ 2RQ>UUANQQN ?U@AA@A? / D@I BNIQNI?UF>B@ F@ R=A? D@R MNIUNHB@R DURFIIj?@R 2>U TR=A? I@BI UE@R N>d DU] I U=AR D@ DUG@ARU=A AU@ D> 9 =>Q@ D@ =UAFN E 2>U @R? B@ M@I R@R @QU ER@A?N? 9F>B@=>Q@EBEG@A?N D0 AMNIUNAF@ D@ BN I@BN?UMU?EIU IH@R?I@UA?@ JL TI =>II>A EB@F?I=A QNI?IU] UI@ D@ RQUA BN MN N B@ A@ Q@>? Q @AD @ 2>@ D@>d MNB@> R I 2T>=>0=IA>AA=?@A=PNN>UFUF=GQ=5FI=GQ=RNA?@ 6 @? 5 F=GQ=RNA?@ I 6 ?NA? A>FBE=AR 5 B@R A>FBE=AR R=A? B@RI Q =?=AR @? B@R I IU H I I U A@>? =AR6 BN MN N B@ D@ RQ A Q@>? Q @AD @ MNB@> R RU @R? QNUI . ( 7. 1. 7. $. . 7. C C. /. . . . . . A. 9 . . . 9. 9 9 9 . $%&. . . . ! 7. . . ( 7. MNB@>IR RU @R? UGQNUI !. 9 . . 9. . 8. . 9 !. 81. . !>. . &.

(104) 0.

(105) . . .

(106)

(107) . 2. bI >A Q=UA? D@ M>@ QhPRU I>@H 8HU 9 I 9 I 9 9 !8> I@] U?E D@ Q = N BU?E D@ G@R> @ RUG>B?NAEG@A? B UAR?NA? B@ Q ER@A?@ BN D@AR A=PN> @A 9 NM@F >A RQUA / @? B EB@F?I=A A @A 9 NM@F >A RQUA Q=>I ?=>? @? ?=>? 7 @ A @ 7@ @ \=>?@R B@R =AF?U=AR D@ BN =IG@ J A@ DEFIUM@A? QNR >A E?N? QhPRU >@G@A? U UH RPR?jG@ T=>I F@BN ! D=U? MEIU@I ?=>? UAR?NA? B@R D@>d NDG IQ =QIURRE?ERB@ R>D>UMNA?@R S > I I I I IU c E ? @ A= GE@ Q=> BN A= G@ ! F @R?] ]DUI@ ME @I. 8. . . . . ! >. . /0. 0 8 56. =9 ) *+,. . 8. . /. =9. 9 . . 0 /. =9 ) *+,. 9 9 . . . =9. 0. 2. . > 9 !8 7. . f@??@ QI=QIUE?E Q@>? R@ DED>UI@ DUI@F?@G@A? D@ B UA?@IQIE?N?U=A D@ 8 !8> @A ?@IG@R D@ D@ARU?E D@ QI=HNHUBU?E I >A QIUAFUQ@ D Y@RQ@F?@ >U R@ DEG=A?I@ DNAR B@ FNDI@ D@ BN QhPRU >@ >NA?U >@ I@BN?UMUR?@ JL TB>R QIEFUREG@A? BN =AF?U=A D =AD@ ! D=U? ?I@ D @RQNF@ @? D@ F==IID=AAE@R U MUR] I]MU UR D@ UB EFhUNA @ D@R U U RQ A D@ D@>d QN ? F>B@R R R=A? D@A? >@R F@R QN ? F>B@R D@R F @R?] ]DI UI@ D@R QNIH?UF>B@R D@ P bNAR B@I FNDI@ >@ A=>R F=ARUDE =AR UFU B@R =R=AR R=A? B@R A= N>d F=GQ= ?NA? >A A=GHI@ QNUI D@ A>FBE=AR F==IID=AAE@R D @RQNF@ @? U MUR]I ]UMUR D@U B EFhUNA @ D@R U U D@ RQ A D@ D@>d QN ? F>B@RI D@A? >@R R F@R QN ? F>B@R R=A? D@R I F @R?] ]DUI@ D@R QN ?UF>B@R D@ ^FU B@R @ ] UI D@ A>FBE=AR GU=AR R=A?I B@R A=cPN>dI F=GQ=II?NA? >A! A=GHI@ UGQN I U U U @? B@RPEB@F?IU=AR AIQNI ? F>BI @ h D= ? D=AF I? @ F=GQBj?@G@A? NA?UR GE? >@ QN I NQQ= ? B EF NA @ D@R F== D=AAE@R D @RQNF@ @? D@ RQUA D@R EB@F? =AR S . . 0. 52 6. . 2 2 2 8 0 / 0 29 0 0 / 2 / 0 29 0 0 / 8 2 /0 9 0 1 5 6 UADUF@R EB@F?I=AU2>@R DERU9ANA? >A@ Q@IG>?N?U=A 2>@BF=A 2 >@ D@R @? RN RU9AN?>I@ b@ BN QI=QIUE?E 516 DEF=>B@ B@. 2>U R?UQ>B@ 2> 0=A A@ Q@>? QNR ?I=>M@I N> GG@ UAR?NA? @? N> GG@ @ADI=U? D@ B 0@RQNF@ D@>d EB@F?I=AR D@ GG@ RQUA S @A @ @? UB @R? FBNUI 2>@ 516 UGQBU2>@. . 9 9

(108)

(109) 9 >

(110) >

(111) 9

(112)

(113) !

(114) 1 ! . 9 9 9> > 9 ! 7 . 7 . . . ! . /. . . . . . . 9 9 9 ! ! " #$ #%# #& #%# #& ' & ! ( " #%# # )* .

(115)

(116) . . 0 2 B B -'$#%&" )! E(+)%"D! W0EM=B>?U=A @A ?@GQR D> RPR?jG@ @R? IE9U@ QNI B 0 546 DNAR BN2>@BB@ B 0=QEIN?@>I 5>6 R UB @dUR?@ D@>d UADUF@R DUR?UAF?R A Q=>I B@R >@BR 9 9' @? '. C C.

(117). . A. . #. 9 90 0. #. . . . 7 2 72 8 1 1 1 9 19 8 . . ' . 7 89 1 9' 8 . . 89 1 9 8. . DERUhA@I B H D> RPIR?jG@ ZhA N A=?E BN GNRR@ D> A=PN> @? RN F N @ ^B R = ?U@A? QN ?UI D@ B NGUB?=AU@A D@ BN GEFNAU >@ FBNRRU >@. . # . /. (. 0. 2. > >. 1 8 9 19 8 7 89 1 9' 8 89 1 9 8 ' . . 2. . QNI B@R I h 9 9 @? 1A C JC ZA M=IU? NUARI U >@I DNAR IIB @dQ @RRU=A D@ IB NGUB?=AU@A >NA?UP>@ # B@R D@>d IQ @GIU@ R U@ FUAE?U >@ D@R A= N>d @? D@R EB@F? =AR @R] ?@ G@R F= @RQ=AD@A? B E A@ Q@F?UIM@G@A? @?PB@R ?I=UR D@I IAU@IRI B EA@I U@ ID UA?@PINF?UI=A EB@F?I=R?N?U >@ @A?I@ EB@F? =AR @? A= N>d @A? @ EB@F? =AR @? @A? @ A= N>d @RQ@F?UM@G@A? U D@ <FhI DUA @I @R? BUAENUI@ B hNGUB?=AU@A # A N U? >@ R>I B@R MN] IUWNEHB@R>N?D=A@RQNF@ UA? R>I !> $%& !!> $%& ! W@ ?hE=IjG@ N>?= NDO= @? @R? ]. D@ f<?=A@hP NRR>I@ D=AF B @dUR?@AF@ @? B>AUFU?E D@ BN R=B>?U=A D> QI=HBjG@ D@ N>F . 2. 5/>60 90 2 2 2 /0 9 0 2 02 0 ? 9 0 0 9712 71 0 0 0. 8. 0 2 6 2. ! #. A. . Q=>I >A@ =AF?U=A D =AD@ A=IGE@ Q=>I BN A=IG@ !> cA =>?I@ =A MEIU@ NUREG@A? >@ B E >N?U=A D@ <FhI DUA @I NRR>I@ BN QI=] QNI N?U=A @A ?@GQR D@R QI=QIUE?ER J @? D@ A= IG@ @? D UADURF@IANIHUBUIU?E D@R U]D@RR>R S RU RN?UR NU? F@R D@>d Q =Q E?ER QN I?UF>B@R UD@A?U >@R IEA=AFE@R F NB= R BN R=B>?U=A D> Q =HBjG@ D@ fN>FhP MEIU@ Q=>I ?=>? J BN QI=QI IUE?E J >U @R? >A@ F=ARE >@AF@ DUI@F?@ D@ B >AU?NIU ?E D> QI=QN] N?@> . 9. 9. 2 0 21 5 46 5 2. 8. ? 09 0.

(118)

(119) . . .

(120)

(121) . 1 BN/ BQ0EIF=QhNAIUE?E9@ D@R1 @AF==INIUR=AD=AAE@RD@ BNDR0@PRQNF@ GE?IU@ D@ B 0hNGUB?=AU@A QNI IINQQ=I? UA D@ D@>d QN ?UF>B@R RQ @? D@ UD@A?U2>@R 52>U =A? @A QNI?UF>BU@I GG@ GNRR@ @? GG@ FhNI9@6 B H$(! )! #$# H+ %-'! bNARI?=>?@ BN R>U?@ =A 8@IN F=GG@ RU B@R A=PN>d E?NU@A? D@R QNI?UF>B@R ?=>?@R UD RF@ ANHB@R f0@R? B@ FNR Q=>I D@ Q@?U?@R G=BEF>B@R F=GQ=I?NA? D@R A=PN>d ?=>R DU EI@A?R F=GG@ BN G=BEF>B@ Nf_ => @AF=I@ BN G=BEF>B@ fZ / F=ADU U? =A 2> 0@BB@ F=GQ=I?@ D@>d UR=?=Q@R DU EI@A?R D@ B 0=dP9jA@ cA Ij9B@ 9EAEINB@] F@ A 0@R? 2> 0>A@ NQQI=dUGN?U=A GNUR >A@ NQQI=dUGN?U=A ?PIjR INUR=AANHB@ FNI =A? ?@ADNAF@ / F=GG@ A=>R NBB=AR B@ M=UI QB>R B=UA 5F8 IR@F?I U=A 1I J6 B@R A= N>d I = I U UI UjI U ? @ <B=FNB RER F 0@R?]/]D @ / R@ F=GQ= ?@ @A Q @G @ NQQ =d GN?U=A F=GG@ D@R hjQNI?UF>B@RI FBNRRU2>@RI D=AF DURF@IANHB@R cI A I@MNAFhI@ 8NUI@ BN GG@ hP] Q=? R@UI UQ=> B@RI EB@F? =ARH2II>U R=A? D@R QN ?UF>B@R 8= ?@G@A? DEB=FNBURE@R F=AD> N ? / D@R ER>B?N?R N @ NA?R f=GG@ @A B 0NHR@AF@ D0UA?@INF?U=A NM@F B 0@d?EIU@>I B 0hNGUB?=AU@A A 0N9U? U A 0UA?@IMU@AA@A? D=AF 2> 0/ ?INM@IR B@ QNRIU R>I B@R MNIUNHIB@RHUD@ RQUA F@BB@R F ] QI AFUQ@I D0UADURF@ AN BU<?E hID@R? QNI?UIF>B@R UD@A?U2>@R cIA F=ARE2>@AF@ =A Q@>? U=A D@ F DUA9@ E?N? D@ RQUA QN E?N? D@ RQUA Q=>I B@R ER=>D @ B 0 E 2 >N? QNI?UF>B@R QIER@A?@R @A >AIR@>B @d@GQBNIUI@ RNAR UGQ=R@I N>F>A@ F=A?I INUA?@ U=A D0=AD@ F=AF@ ANA? B@R F== D=AAE@R RQN?UNB@R D@ F@R QN ?UF>B@R /XUBNARU8=AF? RU ?=>R B@R A=PN>d D> RPR?jG@ G=BEF>BNUI@ R=A? D@ AN?>I@ DU EI@A?@ =A UA?I=D>UI@ D0NQQI=dUGN?U=A @A R>QQ=RNA? 2>@ B@R A=PN>d Q@>? INUR=AA@I RNAR IU H A 0=A? QNR D@ MN N B@ D@ RQUA <=>R B 0hPQ=?hjR@ D@ DURF@IANHUBU?E D@R A=PN>d @? R@B=A BN I@GNI2>@ 8NU?@ FU] D@RR>R B 0@RQNF@ D@R E?N?R QhPRU2>@R QI@AD BN 8=IG@ C C

(122). . . >. . #. . . NM@F. % . !> $%&. . %. . . > ! $%&. . . f !. 8 81 f !. B #$# *% !# #$# )! )% ' %&" U=A D@ <FhI?DUA9@I O=>@A? hNHU] W@R R=B>?U=AR DIUA?@R IU D@ B 0E2>N? ?>@BB@G@A? >A B@ Q MUBE9UE DNAR B 0NANBPR@ D@ F@??@ E2>N?U=A f@ R=A? QNI C C. . . . ' # ! !# # # # "# # # #$ # " # #

(123) #%# " " ! ' .

(124)

(125) . . 8 6 0. 5 9 0 02 0 2 0 I >A F@I?NUA IE@B ^B @R? UGGEDUN? 2>@ @R? NB=IR R=B>?U=A D@ B 0 Q=> DEAU?U=A B@R =AF?U=ARIUD =AD@ IU ! DERU ANA? B @AR@GHB@ ID@R MNIUNHB@R I HU U U U U DU @RQNF@ @?U D@RQ A ME NA? B@ Q AF Q@ D AD RF@ ANU BUIU?E D@R QN ?UF>B@R UD@A] ? >@R GN R > R EF M@A? . .

(126). . !. # . 9 0. ! . . . . . 5 8 2 ? 9 0. => D@! N=A DERU ANA? B D@I UMNB@A?@ RU ! I U @R?hP DNAR B@ RQ@F? @ D RF @? D@ # < hI I Z @R? >A@ IR=B>?U=A NDGPURRjUHB@ D@N?IU=A D@ F DUA @ I A DUH? NB= R >@! Q RU >@G@A?. URN B@ . @R? >A! D> R R? G@ N>UF=A? hPNUI@U A @R? QNR A=U GNB UH R=B>? =A R NDG RR @? =A DU? NB=IR >A@ Q >@G@A? B@ A @R? QNR >@ I @R? >A ' [A GUAUGUR@>I D> QI=HBjG@ MNIUN?U=AA@B >ND N?U >@ # " 7 . I. U => QN @BB QR@ >A D> RPR?jG@ NQQ@BE @R? >A f @R? @A QNI?UF>BU@I >A E?N? BUE D@ QB>R HNRR@ EA@I U@ D=AF >A E?N? QhPRU] HB@ WN QI@GUjI@ DUF>B?E BN >@BB@ UB N>? NUI@ NF@ @R? >@ R?N >@G@A? B hNGUB?=AU@A A N N>F>A@ MNB@>IhQI=QI@ D=AF @A QNI?UF>BU@I QNRI D@ =A] I IU c DNG@A?NB IA @ @? @A EF MNA? F@?I NGUB?=AU@AIU@A =AF?U=AI ID@R F== D=AAE@R 9 D> F@A? @ D@ GNRR@ @? D@ F== D=AAE@R UAMN NA?@R QN ? NARBN?U=A JL J =A =H?U@A? . 2. 026. 22 2 0 02 < = 0 5>6 0. 2. 2. 576 5 6 9 / 2 8 8 8 82 8 5:6 U@A R0@dQIUG@ = @R? BN GNRR@ ?=?NB@ D>I RPR?jG@ @? =IU B 0hNGUB?=A >AU2>@G@A? @A 8=AF?U=A D@R F==I D=AAE@R UAMN NA?@R QNI ?INARBN?U=AI f=GG@ I UA> UB @A @R? D@ GG@ Q=> F@B>U D@ B@ RQ@F? @ D@ @R? Q> @G@A? F=A? W0 D> RPR?jG@ @R? @A I@MNAFh@ QNI8NU?@G@A? DE AU@ I I H j QN B@ Q = B G@ D@ GUAUGURN?U=A 576 HU@A_2>@ B 0UA G>Gh A@ R=U? QNR N??@UA? UB?=AU@A Q@>? =?=AR NG 5NM=?=>?@UI D@RR>U?@MNB@>GUAIURGUQRNA?@ @R? EMNA@RF@A?@ 6 2 >@ B 0 I=QI@R >NAD =A QNIB@ D> 8=ADNG@A?NB D0>A RPR?jG@ UI U U@A => 2> 0=A ND=Q?@ G=BEF>BN @ R=BE FI0@R? 2> 0=A R@ IE8jII@ Z/ F@? hhNGUB?=A UGQBUFU?@G@A? B 0NQQ =dUGN?U=A D@ V= A] QQ@A @UG@I 2>U A=>R B@ M@II=AR / BN R@F?U=A 1 J Q@IG@? @A N>?I@R Fh=R@R D@ D=AA@I >A R@AR N> 8=ADNG@A?NB B E' *! ! !# !*$#% % #! I?@G@A? D> RPR?jG@ ^B @R? D@R FNR = B@RI @ @?R I@BN?IUMUR?@R D=GUA@A? B@ F=GQ= I?@ D@R N?=G@R B=>IDR 5?@B E?>DI UE F=GG@ QN @d@GQB@I B= R2>@ F@B>I U]FU F=GQ= I [ U U R=A?I @BN? MUR?@RI fNBF>B@I >A ?@B RPR] B 0j NA >GI 6 D=A? B@R EB@F? =AR D@< F=@> hI ? ? G@ @A ER=BMNA? B 0E2>N?U=A D@ F DUA9@ F=AD>U? Q> @G@A? @? RUGQB@G@A? . # 1 7 2 # . $ . #. . $. 1>. . #. 2 . . . . . C C. . $. . . #.

(127)

(128) . . .

(129)

(130) . / 2 8 8 52 < = 6 0 / 0 7 / MM 6 1 5 4 2 / 9 / 20 5 6 1 0 9 2 0 A 58 6 / 0 9 2 9 8 5 8 ?4 469 ? 9 9 43 1 0 2 f=ARUDEI=AR QNI @d@GQB@ >A@ G=BEF>B@ D@ DU=dPD@ D@ FNIH=A@ fZ 2>U F=G] I=AR @? d=AR]A=>R F=GG@ =HO@F?U8 D@ Q=I?@ ?II=UR IA=PN>d @?hMUA9?]D@>d EB@F? FNBF>B@ QN >A@I GE? =D@ R=A F 0@R?]/]DUI@ I I U U BN DI E @AF@ @A? @ B 0EA@ 9 @ 8=ADNG@A?NB@ D@ F@??@ G=BEF>B@ @? BN R=GG@ D@R R>QQ=RE@R F=AA>@R6 D@R ?I=UR N?=G@R 2>U BN F=G] EA@ 9U@R 8=ADNG@A?NB@R 5 Q=R@A? F=ARUDEIER REQNIEG@A? T=>I FNBF>B@I B 0EA@I9U@ 8=ADNG@A?NB@ D@ F@??@ G=BEF>B@ UB 8N>? IER=>DI@ B@ QI=HBjG@ D@ GUAUGURN?U=A 576 R>I B 0@RQNF@. I N>dI ^B N>? NB=IR => HU@A IED>UII@ B@ RPR?jG@ @A A@ F=ARUDE] INA?>A >@ER>B?N? U R=A? A=A @BN?UMUR?@R @? @A G=DEBURNA? =AR B@R EB@F? D@ > MNB@AF@ I=AR D@ MNB@AF@ B NUD@ D@ B @@? D@R EB@F?I=AR D@ F=@>HUI R>I B@R EB@F? JJL JL JLK => @A NM=UI I@F=>IR >A G=DjB@ I@BN?UMUR?@ D@ ?PQ@ bUINF] =Fgg JCJ JC M=UI L Q=>I >A@ E?>D@ GN?hEGN?U >@ D> G=DjB@ D@ bUINF] =F U D@R FNR =$ B@R @@?R I@BN?UMUR?@R O=>@A? BN GNI @ GNUR R=A? ^B @R? N>RR U UB AENAG=IAR G@R>INHB@R @? D=AA@A? BIU@> D@R QhEA=GjA@R IUGQ=I?NA?R > U @RRNA? D@ Q=>M=UI G=DEBUR@ ^B @A @R? NUARU @A QN ?UF>BU@I D@R F=I] I@R?@F?UA?E =AR I@BN?UMUR?@R D>@RI N>dI UPA?@INF?U=ARI A@R RQUA]=IIHU?@ @? hPQ@IUIA@R. f U U RQ A]IRQ A C JC @ D@hPAUI@ j? Q@ D UA?@ NF?U=AI @R? QN @d@GQB@ B =I hPUA@ D@ BN NfU@ D@ JI FG D@ B D = A@ I >U O=>@I >A B@ I=ADNG@A?NB @A< hINR? =Q I] RU >@ I @RUA?@ NF?U=AR Q@>M@A? ? @ UA?E E@R N> = GNBURG@ D@ F DUA @ I h=D@ D@ Q@I?>IHN?U=A F R@F?U=A ^B @? B@> R @ @?R EMNB>ER QN >A@ GE? @R? ENB@G@A? Q=RRUHB@ D@ QI@ADI@ @A F=GQ?@ DNAR B E >N?U=A D@ <FhI DUA @I I U >A @ @? @BN? MUR?@ D@ GNRR@ NO=>?E@ JCJ JC . .

(131)

(132).

(133). >. . . . . . . !> $% . f ! . 9 09 2 0 0 33 0 0 9 2 8 . >>. . > $%&. . . 8. 8 81 . . f ! . f=GG@ B@R D@ IER D@ BUH@I?E RQNFUN>d R=A? =I?@G@A? F=>QBER QNI B@R ?@IG@R I=R?N?U >@ D@ B hNGUB?=AU@A F@ QI=HBjG@ @R? HU@A EMUD@GG@A? Dh =IIU UA@ EB@F? =I R D@ Q=I?E@ D@R G=P@ARI D@HFNBF>BR DURQ=AUHIB@R B h@>I I@ NF?>@BB@ IcA =>?cI@ h I h B@ ER>B?N?I F @ F E D=U?fZ ? @ = ?@A> NM@F >A@ Q EFURU=A @BN?UM@ UGQ= ?NA?@ A @ @?L Q=> BN G=BEF>B@ > B @A?hNBQU@ D@ =IGN?U=A A@ I@QIER@A?@ > @AMUI=A B EA@IUI U@ ?=?NB@IIA=AI II@BN?UMUR?@ D> RPR?jG@IU @? F @R? DEO HH@N>F=>Q ?= R@ >A@ @ P @> @BN?IHUM@ D@ J =A Ij R H>@ D=AFIH DI N =>?UI BN F=AFB>RU=A >@ B@ DU=d D@ D@ FN =A@ @R? >A ? R =A FN > NA? M=UI@ >A @dQB=RU Q>URRNA? . /0 8 5 0 / 20 6 2 0 /. ## # " ! ) &*

(134) "( & ' # # (.

(135) . 2 2 0.

(136) . /. 2 2 5 6 8 ; 9 2 8 0 576 / 0 N 2M 5 8 1/6 2 0 98 2 / 9 ; 3 8 / 2 2 N M 5 NM6 8 0 1 15 1 1116 8 114 4 8 11>4 8 0 1 58 6 2 9 99 0 2 5 8 1 1 1 >6 : 4 5 6 3. XQQNII@GG@A?P BNj FhUGU@ I>NA?U >@ F=AD>U? D=AF >A@ IUGQNRR@ Q>UR >@IQ=>I UA?E @RRNA?R D >A Q=UA? D@ M>@ Q N?U >@ QB>RU@> R DU] E?>DU U@ D@RUI R R? G@R UA@R => QB>RU@>IR GUBBU@IR D@ QNI?UF>B@R UB N>? N A@RI M= @ QB>RU@>IjIR F@A?N IER=>D I @ NM@FI>A@ ? R NAD@ QIEFURU=A I@BN?UM@ D@R E >N?U=AR h=IR D@ Q=I?E@ I U D@R = D AN?@> R B@R QB>R Q>URRNA?R ^B A@I N>? F@Q@ADNA? IQNRH jR NII?@I F@P F=AR?N?I Z^B R NMhjI@ @AI @@?I I >@ D@Rg U=AR D> Q = B G@ D@ ? Q@ V= A] QQ@A @UG@ ] N ? @@] =F NQQ =dIUGN? Z h@UG@I] =hA]<hNG F R@F?U=A > =A Q=>IINU? O> @I ?I=Q => V= A] QQ@A I IER>B?N?R @A F=A =IGU?E U AN M@R N> Q @GI @I NH=IIUD F=AD>UR@A? F@Q@ADNA? D@R NM@F B@R G@R> P@R @dQE G@A?NB@R WNI INUR=A D@ F@??@ NDE >N?U=A @R? ANB@] IU G@A? INRR@ G R?E @>R@H GNUR B@R ER>B?N?R R=A?]BI F=GG@ @A ?EG=fZU A@A? F@>d E>AI UR DNAR B@I ?N IB@N> FU]D@RR=>R ^BR F=AF@ A@A? BN G=BEF>B@I > @?. I I U U UjI R=A?II @d? N ?R D@ BNI E E @AF@ J W@R ? = R Q @G @R F=B=AA@R D@ ER>B?N?R F= @RQ=AD@A? ? =UR GE?h=D@R R?NADNIDR D@ BN FhUGU@ >NA?U >@ S BN GE?h=D@ Y@R?IUF?@D NI?I@@] =Fg Y F R@F?U=A BNU GE?h=D@ D@ Q@I?>IHN?U=A D@ aBB@I]TB@RR@? D =IDI@ aT F R@F] ? =A J BN GE?h=D@ D@ BN =AF?U=AA@BB@ D@ BN D@ARU?E V W`T F R@F?U=A \=>?@R ?I=UR R@ RU?>@A? DNAR B@ FNDI@ D@ B NQQI=dUGN?U=A D@ V=IA] ZQQ@Ah@UG@I F R@F?U=A J J DNAR BN >@BB@ B@R A=PN>d R=A? ?INU?ER F=GG@ D@R Q=UA?R GN?EIU@BR W@Rj?I=UR A=PN>dIU Z ] fI ] Z E?NA? INBU jAERI BN E=GE?IU@I D@ BN G=BEF>B@f @R?Z F=GQB ?@G@A? DEF ?@ QN >A R@>B QN NG ?H@ S BN B=AIHU>@> D@ BN BUNUR=A ] \=>R B@R FNBF>BR =A? E?E @ @F?>ERI DNAR BN NR@ D = H?NB@R N?=GU >@R F R@F?I U=A IU ] J D J WN D@ AUjI@ F=B=AA@ D> ?N B@N> F=A?U@A? B@R MNB@> R @dQE G@A?NB@R. NM aT1 V4W`T cdQ W=A9>@>I D@ BN BUNUR=A f]Z 5X 6 J J>4 J JL3 J J:K J J:1 cA?hNBQU@ D@ 8=IGN?U=A 5gFNBG=B6 14> C 4CL L 4CC L 4LJ K Y. 8 9;. f@R IER>B?N?R F=AF@IA@A? UB @R? MINU >A@ Q@?U?@ G=BEF>B@ @A QhNR@ N @>R@ WN QIEDUF?U=AhP F @IR?] IU]DUI@ >AU >@G@A? QNI?UI D@R B=UR =ADNG@AI] P j U UI@ F=GQB@d@ QN ?NB@R D@ BN Q RI >@ D@R Q =Q E?ERI D >A RI R? G@ G=BEF>BN I @d@GQB@ >A@ Q =?EUA@ D@ QB>RU@> R GUBBU@ R D N?=G@R @R?@ @AF=I@ N>O=>I]. 2. 0 / 02 / 0.

(137) .

(138)

(139) . 0 9 22. 2 2 09 8. /. U >@ A @R? QNR @AF=I@ NIIUME@ D h>U hI=IR D@ Q=I?E@ aNUR RIU BNIjFhUGU@ >NA? IU j F@ D@ E D@ GN?> P?E B@R Q = R ID@R G=D B@RHD@R NBU I=IU?UhG@R @? hB@ DEM@] B=QQ@G@A? D@R G= @AR D@ FNBF>B @AD@A? F@? = O@F? ENB R?@ B EF @BB@ D@ >@B >@R DEF@AAU@R ! ! $

(140) " "

(141)

(142) I=HBjG@ WN I@FhI@IFh@ D> hU=ADNG@A?NB D >A RPR?jG@ G=BEF>BNUI@ UR=BE @R? B@ Q R?NADN D D@ BN F GU@ >NA?UI >@ aNUR F @R? N>RRIU >AH QI=HBjG@ IFBE FNI UB UGUANUI@ UAF=A?=> AN B@ BN DE?@ GUAN?U=A F=AR?UI?>@IUR=>M@A?hP>A@ E?NQ@ Q EB D@R Q =Q E?ER Q RUF=]FhUGU >@R D@ F@ RPR?jG@ F R@F?U=A. 9. /0. 8 2 20 0 2 5 8 / 46 R>I B@ 8NU? 2>@ B@R A=PN>d R=A? WH 0NQQI=dUGN?U=A D@I V=IA]ZQQ@AhI@UG@I I@Q=R@ I R@] @N>F=>QPQB>R B=> DR 2>@ IB@R EB@F?IU =AR 5D@ ?I=UR / FUA2 =IDII@R D@Z9INAD@> h U U K 1 14 U N>d N = V= A @? QQ@A @ G@I B=A B@R A= 6 bNAR B 0 ? FB@ 9 A@B D@ J C J IER=BM@A? B 0E2>N?U=A D@ <FhI?DUA9@I R?N?U=AANUI@ QNI >A@ GE?h=D@ D@ Q@I?>I] HN?U=A @A Fh@IFhNA? >A@ R=B>?U=A R=>R BN 8=IG@ D0>A@ REIU@ D@ Q>URRNAF@R D> U9ANA? BN GNRR@ D@ B 0EB@F?I=A @? Q@?U? QNINGj?I@ I IU DER R?U2>@ D@R BN GNRR@ FN NF?E A=PN>dH b@R ?INMN>d PGN?hEGN?U2>@R IU I I IU LK >B?E @> R =A? G=A? E 2>@ BN<REhI@? NUARU I= ?@A>@ E?NU?I NRI GQ?=?U2>@ / BN R=B>?U=A @dNF?@ D@ B 0E2>N?U=A D@ F DUA9@ / ?=>R B@R = D @R @A UFU >A@ NQQI=Fh@ QB>R h@>IUR?U2>@ Q=>I I@?I=>M@I B@R D@>d QI@GU@IR XD=Q?=AR I ?@ G@R D@ BNI REIU@ D@I HV=j IA]ZQQ@Ah@UG@I 2>U R0NMjI@A?I @A 9EAEfINB R> RNA?R I I URU=A =GG@A =AR Q=>I ER=>DI @ B@ Q = B G@ 576IUNM@F >A@ @dF@BB@A?@ Q EF QN R>QQ=R@ 2> 0=A Q@>? 8NF?= R@I BN 8=AF?U=A D0=AD@ @AI B@ QI=D>U? D0>A@ UI@ @? D0>A@ 8=AF?U=A D0=AD@ EB@F? =AU2>@ F@ 2>U 8I=@MAF?U@A?U=A/DNQQ0=AD@I=FA>FBEN h@I B@ QI=HBjG@ 576 QNI. ZA M=U? NB=IR 8NFUB@G@A? 2>@ F@ QI=HBjG@ R@ IEFIU? R=>R BN 8=IG@ 5C6 NM@F 5L6

(143)

(144). . .

(145)

(146). . 7. . . % ( ! % 7 . . . . # % . . . " . . . . . . 8 8> ) 8 8> 7 ) *+, *+, . 7. . %. " . %. " % . % 7. . 7. ! 9 89 1 9 8 .

(147) #' # " ' " ' " 9 . ! 9 . 9 .

(148)

(149) . . ! % #% 9 ! % % " % % 7 9 9 . 72 1 7 !1 8 #% 9 9 8 89 1 9' 8 9 1 9 ' . . 9 . . 5K6. 0 0 9 82 2 9 8 B CHH& %,$#%&" )! "& $' (*$ %-'! I@ GNUA?@ANA? B@R GNRR@R M@IR B 0UA AU X BN BUGU?@ B 0UA G>G MD>NUR=AR ?@AD QI=HBjG@ 5C6 MN>? 5J36 @? UB @R? =H?@A> @A F=AF@A?INA? R>I B 0@AR@GHB@ D@R GUAUGN 9B=HN>d D@ WN IER=B>?U=A D> QI=HBjG@I 576 @R? NUARU ING@AE@ / BN GUAIUGURN?U=A D@ 8Q==AF?UA?U=AD@ D@ F=GG@ / MNB@>B0UAR G>G DNAR @BB@I]GHjG@ DE IUAU@ QN 5L6] I5K6 @A IU?=>? = B G@ MN N?U=AA@B R> BN MN E?E D 0 > A Q fNBF>B@I @A >A Q=UA? F 0@R?]/] I I I I I. UI U K. F 0@R? ER=>D @ B@ Q=>I >A@ D @ @A Q N? 2>@ ER=>D @ 5 6 D=AAE@ W@R GE?h=D@R Q=>I P QNIM@AUI 8=A? B 0=HO@? D@ BN R@F?UH=AI 1 1 WN IER=B>?U=A D> QI=HBjG@ 5J36 DU? D0 @R? N = DE / BN R@F?U=A 1 4 cA FhUGU@ 2>NA?U2>@ @? D=IEANMNA? DNAR F@ ?@d?@ F0@R? @A 8NU? F@??@ NQQI=dU] U U2>@R 2> 0=A NQQ@BB@ 5>A Q@> NH>RUM@G@A? RU =A R@ GN? A=U PN>dIU FBNRR IE8jI@=A/ D@R I U B 0N ? FB@ = 9 A@B J14 6 NQQI=dUGN?U=A D@ V=IA]ZQQ@Ah@UG@I f=A?INUI@G@A? / BN RU?>N?U=A =IU9UA@BB@ DEFIU?@ / BN R@F?U=A J 1 > B@ RPR?jG@ G=BEF>BNUI@ Q@>? NDG@??I@ R=>R B 0NQQI=dUGN?U=A D@ V=IA]ZQQ@APh@UG@I >A I U Q> R2> 0@A @ADNA? UA AU@R B@R GNRR@R D@R A= N>d =A N E?N? IU8=ADNG@A?NB R>QQ GE B@ ?@IG@ D@ ?INARBN?U=A >AU8=IG@ DNAR B 0hNGI UB?=AU@A 5:6 2>U E?NU? FN>R@ D@ B 0EMNA@RF@AF@ D@R R>U?@R GUAUGURNA?@R Y@GN 2I >=AR F@Q@ADNA?IU 2>@ UR >AU2>@ @A NUR=A D@ B 0UAMN NAF@ R0UB @dUR?@ B 0E?N? 8=ADNG@A?NB R? A 0 @ ONGN QNI B@R UR=GE?I IU@R D@ ZA QIE8jIP@ D=AF R=>M@A? @dQIUG@I BN 9E=GE?IU IU@ D@ BN F=A 9> IN?U=A =Q?UGNB@I D@R A=IUN>d 2>U IR=A?I UFU D@R Q=UA?RIGN?E @BR DNAR D@R F== D=AAE@R UA?@ A@R UAMN hUNA?@R QN ? NARBN?IU=A @? QN I=?N?U=AI @? RU9AU FN?UM@R D0>A Q=UA? D@I M>@ IF GU2>@ S MB=A9>@> R D@R BUNUR=AR @A? @ N?=G@R NA9B@R @? NA9B@R DUjD @R @A? @ BUNUR=AR 5 U9 J6 I? / >A QBNA D@ 52>U R@ W0UAMNIUNAF@ D@ B 0EA@I9UI@ QNI RPGE?IUI@ QNI INQQ= I GNAU8@R?@ DNAR B@R F== D=AAE@R UA?@ A@R QN >A FhNA9@G@A? D@ RU9A@ DNAR W hI NGUB?=AIU U@AH #% 9 I 9 ! NQQ@BEIU H PA N UP? >@ R> IB@R MN N B@R EB@F? =AUj >@R =A? D@R A= N>d W@R MN N B@R D@ Q=RU?U=A 9 I I I I I U U U > @R D@ R GQB@R QN NG ? @R W@ Q=?@A? @B Q@>? ? @ A?@ Q E?E F=GG@ >A Q=?@A?U@B @@F?U FIEE QNI B@R EB@F?I=AR @? R>HU QNI B@R A=PN>d C C. . . . . $%& $%& " % % % 7. . ! 9 . 9 . 9 . . . ! " $%& 9 . . $%. . . . 9 . . . 9. . ! " $%&. . . . . $%&. . . $%&. .

(150)

(151)

(152) . . H φ HOH R OH. O. ω HOOH. O. R OO. R OH. φ HOH. H φ HOH = 100.0 o. R OO = 2.792 u.a.. > 06 8 0 / 90 5 9 6 80 2 20 0 0 /0 2 0 2 A 2 < 0= 2 /0 0 2 9 >> 4 B B "!D%! )! H&%"# & 2>U W@ QI=HBjG@ 5J3I6 F=II@RQ=AD / B 0NIQQI=dUGN?U=A D@RI A=PN>d FBNRRU2>@R I R NRR@; IA@I Q=> F=AD>UII@ / >A ER>B?N?I @A NFF= D NM@F A 0@R? QNR ?=>O=> Z IU B 0@dQE @AF@ A MN G=A?I @ F=GG@A?I NBB@ QB>R B=UA IUR> B 0@d@GQB@ D0>A@ H j U U G=BEF>B@ D N?=G 2>@ Q=> BN2>@BB@ B@ Q = B G@ 5C6 R0EF ? f 5 JJ6 B 0hNGUB?=AU@A A>FBENUI@ E?NA? D=AAE QNI. c @F?>=AR B@ FhNA9@G@A? D@ F==ID=AAE@R DE AU DNAR QNI D@ 8IN =A / UR=B@I B@ G=>M@G@A? BUHI@ID> F@A?Ih@ D@ GNRR@ bNARP F@j RPR?jG@IUD@ F== D=AAE@R >A FNBF>B RUGQB@ G=A? @ 2>@ B 0 NGUB?=AU@A D> R R? G@ R0EF ? ω HOOH = 119.1 o. R OH = 1.855 u.a.. JSY@QIER@A?N?U=A P B NUD@ D@ F==IID=AAE@RIU UA?@IA@R D@ B E?N? =ADNG@A?NB D@ BN G=BEF>B@ D @N> =d EAE@ MNB@> R @dQE G@A?NB@R J UjDI@R A N QNR B@ GG@ R?N?>? >@ B UAMNIUNAF@ QNI ?INARBN?U=A] NA B@R B@R D I=?N?U=A S D@>d F=A =IGN?U=AR RPGE?IU >@R B >A@ D@ B N>?I@ QNI INQQ=I? IQ=RNHB@R A@ Q@>M@A? ?I@ UD@A?UE@R FNI @BB@R A =A? >A QBNA GNUR A=AI R>Q@ IU QNR B@R G G@R Q =Q E?ER QhPRUF=]FhUGU >@R @A QIER@AF@ D >A @AMUI=AA@G@A? IU@>I S @BB@R Q@>M@A? R@ F=GQ=I?@I ?IjR DUEI@GG@A? DNAR B@R IENF?U=AR @d?E hU F GU >@R I@? =A? D@RI QI=QIUhUE?ER =Q?U >@R UAM@IRE@R f@??@ A=?U=A D@ h O=>@A? >A B@ F@A? NB @A hUF GU@ @? @R? E?>DUE@ D >A Q=UA? D@ M>@ GN? EGN] ?U >@ B NUD@ D =>?UBR R=Q R?U >ER D@ ?=Q=B= U@ J JC . C C. . # . . . > " ! $% . !. . . 7 . 1 7 2 9 > ! # 1 7 2 9 > $% . . 9 . . >. 9 . >. >. 9 > . 9 9 > 1 9 . . 8 8! # 1 7 2 1 7 2 9 .

(153) .

(154) . . U@B 89 8! 9 9 > ! NM@F > @? > ( > ! W@ Q=?@A? I I U U G=D>B@ D@ 9 A@I DEQ@AD @ @F? >@ D> @A N R=A D@ B UAMNIUNAF@ QN M@G@A? ? INARBN?U=A @? QNI I=?N?U=A =A R>QQ=R@ UFU F=GG@ F @R? D NHUBB@>IR B@I FNR @A ? $ % U U U U U Q N? >@ >@ BN =AF? =A NDG@? >A >A >@ G A G>G B= NB R> W@ QI=HBjG@ JJ R@ IEFIU? DNAR B@R A=>M@BB@R F==ID=AAE@R. 2. 2 2 8 56. 0 90 0. 2. . . . 8 8> 7 ) 8 8> 7 ) *+, *+,. f ! 7 f=GG@ B@R GNRR@R D@R A=PN>d @? D=AF D@ F@ NU? B@R GNRR@R @? R=A? INAD@R D@MNA? 7 UB @R? INUR=AANHB@ D NIG@I >@ Q=>I NQQI=Fh@I B UAG>G I D@ B @AR@GHB@ D@R Q=UA?R UB N>? B=FNBUR@I N>?=> D> QI=!HBjG@ FU]D@RR>R 8 8 I 8> @GQ FhNA? R@>B@ U U 9 9 ?@BR >@ 9 B@ ?@ G@ F AE? >@ > "*+, 8 ] I I h P U =AF? =A = G@A? >A @ =AD @G@A? D@ BN D AD@ R> B Q@IR>I NF@ =IGE@ QNI F@Rh Q=IU UA?R ZI =A! N N>? M=UR>UAN @I D@ F@R Q=UA?RIU @AH >?UBURNA? B@R F==ID=AAE@R IUI $ % RQ E >@R " Q=> DEF @ BN MN N B@ 9 8 8> ) *+,. 9. 2. . > " ! $% . 8 2 0 8 0 8 9 02 0 8 8. 2. 0. 5J16. 5J46 cA I@Q=I?NA? F@R NQQI=dUGN?U=AR DNAR BN 8=AF?U=AA@BB@ D0EA@I9U@ =A M=U? 2>@ ?=>? R@ QNRR@ F=GG@ RU B@ G=>M@G@A? D@R A=PN>d E?NU? IE9U QNI B 0hNGUB?=AU@A 5J>6 . =>. ! 1 !> ! ! 7 = > . . . . = 8 8> 8 8> 7 8 8> = >. ! # # # # . NM@F . # 1 7 2 . # 1 7 > 2 . => => ! 1 !> 7 7 1 # = > = > . =$ B@R hNGIUB?=AU@ARIUD@H ?INARBN?U=A # D@ I=?N?U=A #I @? D@ MUHIN?U=Af# N UIRR@A? R> D@R MN I N B@R UADEQ@ADNA?@R 9 @? @RQ@F?UM@G@A? @BN I I Q@ G@? D@I DEF=>QB@ B@R G=D@R Q =Q @R D@ # @A G=D@R QI=QI@R D@ ?INARBN] ?U=A D@ =?N?U=A @? D@ MUHIN?U=A S U=A # A@ R=A? QNR >NA] B@RU E?N?R QI=QI@RI UD@ B hNGIUB?=AU@A D@ ?hINARBN? U ? ER F @R? BN N R=A Q=> BN >@BB@ B NG B?=AIU@A # A NDG@? QNR D@f =ADNG@A?NB S F@ R=A? B@R =AD@R QBNA@R D@ BN =II G@ NM@F I " . $ %& U U U @? " > R=A? D@R E?N?R D@ D >R =A F= @RQ=ADNA? N>d ? NARBN] ?U=AR >AU =IG@R D> F@A?I@ D@ GNRR@ . 9. 8 5 0 26 8. 0. 5. 2 0 8. 6. 0. 2.

(155)

(156)

(157) . 0. QI=QI@R B@R IE?N?RU QI=QI@R D@ B hNGUB?=AU@AU D@I I=?N?U=A # R=A?U B@RIU E?N?R U UBR R=A? R=B D@ =?N?U =A D@ BN G=BEF>B@ F=AR DE E@ F=GG@ >A D@ D@ S. I=?N?U=AA@B F=II@RQ=AD QhPRU] >NA? ER @? F=AA>R JC W@ =ADNG@A?NB I U >@G@A? >A@ G=BEF>B@ > A@ ?=> A@ QNR R>I @BB@]GG@ @? R=A EA@I U@ @R? A>BB@ . ? DNAR # B hNGUB?=AU@A D@ B =RFUBBN?@>I hNIG=AU >@ > =A =A I@F=AAN Q@>? IEFIUI@ DNAR B@ =IGNBURG@ D@ BN R@F=AD@ >NA?UFN?U=A C JC. 22. /. 80. # . 90. 9. 8 2. ? . 0. 0 2. 9 2 20. 7(! /. 9 / 8 0 2 2 0 9 8 0 8 02 . U ANA? BN Q>BRN?U=A D@ B =RFUBBN?@>I E NB@ UFU !(!> DER U?E ZA N @dF @? /I B =QEIN?@>$I / D> ]UjG@ E?N? ?=>? " @ @ 7 @? * 7 Q=> ?=>? " $ / . BN G=BEF>B@ DEFIU?@ QNI BN =AF?U=A D =AD@ R@ DNAR B@ =ADNG@A?NB MUHIN?U=AA@B RU @? DNAR B@ ]UjG@ E?N? ?I=>M@ @dFU?E MUHIN?U=AA@B RUA=A Y@GNI >=AR ( >@ B EA@I U@ D> =ADNG@A?NB MUHIN?U=AA@B A @R? QNR A>BB@ S @BB@ MN>? 7 W NQQI=dUGN?U=A JH F=AR?U?>@ B @? B@R IE >@AF@R D@ MUHIN?U=A NUARI U = ?@A>@R R=A? NQQ@BE@R W NQQI=dU] I U GN?I =A U J Q@ G@? >NA? @BB@ D@ DEF=>QB@ G=D@R D@ MUHIN?U=A @? G=D@R D@ =?N? =A bNAR B@ FNR EAEINB D >A@ G=BEF>B@ Q=BPN?=GU >@h B@R GG@R NQQI=dUGN?U=AR U E NB@G@A? >A@ DEF=GQ=RU?U=A D@ B NGUB?=AU@A A>FBENUI@ D@ BN F=AD> I= G@ R@A? UR B hNGUB?=AU@A # @R? NB=IR R=GG@ D@ / 1 =RFUBBN?@>IR hNIG=AUJ >@RGNUADEQ@ADNA?R II@RQ=ADNA? N>d / 1 G=D@R D@ MUHIN?U=A F= A=IGN>d J D@ BN G=BEF>B@ W hNGUB?=AU@A # R EFIU? NB=IR R=>R BN =IG@ . 8 0 5 16 2 / 0/ 0. 0. 5 46 99 8 5 2>6 > NM@F. # 9 . . 0. 20. . ! # # # 9 . 8.

(158)

(159). > > > # 7 ! 7 ! 7 ! . ? & (! / # 7 . 72 # 1 . 9. 0. . . 0. @?

(160) IU DERU ANA? B@R G=G@A?R D