• Aucun résultat trouvé

The structure of bank supervision and corruption in lending: a study for transition economies

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "The structure of bank supervision and corruption in lending: a study for transition economies"

Copied!
47
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

HAL Id: dumas-00802139

https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-00802139

Submitted on 19 Mar 2013

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

The structure of bank supervision and corruption in

lending: a study for transition economies

Zenathan Hasannudin

To cite this version:

Zenathan Hasannudin. The structure of bank supervision and corruption in lending: a study for transition economies. Economics and Finance. 2012. �dumas-00802139�

(2)

1

23415678968741AB1CDEF15847AE1DE1A7786AE1E14EE1

15681BA7127DE6AE19AEA41

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 !"1#4ED63DE1EE1 1 584741$1%7AB4A71&'(D$4)1A84*5A8$47DE1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E4761AB1%D71+1%DE634AE*5A7$AEE41,-1./19AEA91 0D6471/1-44D79310AE4"1CDEF"1DE1,EDE941 /.+/1

(3)

112

1232454627897AB2C8DECF7

1

1234567849AB CDB EF748B B EF396C3B C7C336B C68B 3C9B 43963B 9CB 456B F3AB F7C5FB C7B 48F7C5FB 9CB 96B C434C3B 4886B 43B 948B F8967B 96848B 96AB 89B 6B 76F76B F8B 96B 7C679ABCDB96BF9C7B 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 223452672895ABCDE2 22F951DE2C2BA22 2 2 2 22222AB9C9B2B1B22

(4)

1112

AE2D327

2

1D2898A52C572C42A 961BA2CA25A!9C14B2"AC#AAB2CA2DC5$C5A24%2"9B&2D8A5'1D14B29B2$4558C14B2 1B2!AB1B(2"9DA24B2CA29C92%54622C59BD1C14B2A$4B461AD21B2)9DCA5B2)548A29B2*ABC59!2D19+2 ,A2 D8845C2 -A$&E2 .BCE2 9B2 /A'1BA2 0122 C9C2 1(A52 D8A5'1D4572 84#A52 #1!!2 1B$5A9DA2 CA2 A(5AA24%2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(2#1!A2D8A5'1D457284!1$1AD2#1$285464CA2851'9CA264B1C451B(2"72 8D1B(2"9B&D2C421D$!4DA29$$59CA21B%4569C14B29B2(1'A21B$ABC1'AD2C42851'9CA29(ABCD2C4264B1C452 "9B&2#1!!25A$A2CA2A(5AA24%2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2D2CA2691B2%1B1B(21B2C1D2898A5E2#A2854'A2 C9C2 CA2 DC5$C5A2 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2 9D2 D1(B1%1$9BC2 A%%A$C2 C42 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 345A2 D8A$1%1$9!!7E2 #A2 %4B2 C9C2 CA2 A(5AA2 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2 #1!!2 1B$5A9DA2 #AB2 CA2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D452%B$C14B21D2B4C21B2CA2$ABC59!2"9B&+2,A29!D429'A2%4B2C9C29%CA52#A2$4BC54!245264A!2 #1C2 '9514D2 $4BC574!A'A!2 '9519"!ADE2 CA2 1(A52 1BA8ABAB$72 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D452 #1!!2 A$5A9DA2 CA2A(5AA24%2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+22 2 .A7#4552123456789ABCDCE3F593A251234F5EAA78CE32 2 2

1

1

(5)

1'2 123453462 C9CA6ABC24%2C45D18++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++2111 "DC59$C2++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++21111 *98CA5252BC54$C14B2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++21 *98CA5252/1CA59C5A26A'1A#2++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++271 +2A216845C9B$A24%2"9B&25A(!9C14B29B2D8A5'1D14B2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++271 +2*4558C14B21B2/AB1B(2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++281 +92A2C5$C5A24%2"9B&2D8A5'1D14B2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++21 *98CA529529C929B23AC44!4(72++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++271 9+2A29C929B2968!AD2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++271 9+23AC44!4(72++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++211 9+92:9519"!AD2++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++2;1 *98CA52<52)68151$9!26AD!C2++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++291 <+2-9B&28A5'1D14B29B2*4558C14B21B2/AB1B(2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++291 <+2A2C5$C5A24%2-9B&28A5'1D4529B2*4558C14B21B2/AB1B(2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++271 <+924B!1BA952)%%A$C2=2BCA59$C14BD2A56D2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++211 <+<264"DCBADD2C42*4BC54!24CA52*4BC5748A$1%1$239$C45D2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++281 *98CA52752*4B$!D14B2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++291 6A%A5AB$AD2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++291 88AB1 252:9519"!AD29B245$A2++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++29<1 88AB1 2529"!AD24%2CA26AD!C2+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++2911

(6)

2

C324D7762D8B2F867

1

B2CADA25A$ABC297DE2"9B&D2954B2CA2(!4"A295A24BA24%2CA285169572D45$AD24%2A CA5B9!2%1B9B$A2 C54(2 CA152 9"1!1C72 C42 !AB2 64BA72 %452 ABCA5851DAD+2 )%%1$1ABC2 "9B&1B(2 D7DCA62 #4!2 "A2 9"!A2 C42 $9BBA!1B(2 9B2 64B1C451B(2 D9'1B(D2 C42 CA2 64DC2 854$C1'A2 1B'ADC6ABC2 854>A$C2 9B2 %5CA5645A2 1B$5A9DA2CA28A5%4569B$A24%2A$4B461AD+2A216845C9B$A24%2A%%1$1ABC2"9B&1B(2D7DCA62#1$2$9B2 "A2 1B%!AB$A2 "72 '951AC72 4%2 A$4B461$E2 5A(!9C457E2 9B2 1BDC1CC14B9!2 %9$C452 0-95CE2 *985142 9B2 /A'1BAE2<229B24#2CA2A%%1$1ABC2"9B&1B(2D7DCA629'A292"1(21689$C24B2A$4B461$2A'A!486ABC2 "72 5A$1B(2 1B$46A2 1BA?9!1C72 9B2 84'A5C72 0/A'1BAE2 @@;2 9B2 722 95A2 CA2 691B2 %4$D2 %452 5ADA95$21B2C1D295A9+2

!C4(2 84!1$769&A5D2 9!#97D2 C572 C42 $5A9CA2 1BDC1CC14B9!2 AB'154B6ABC2 #1$2 85464CA2 A%%1$1ABC2 "9B&1B(2 D7DCA6E2 CA2 85ADAB$A2 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2 $4!2 85A'ABC2 1C2 C42 48A59CA2 A%%1$1ABC!7+2 *4558C14B21B2!AB1B(2168AAD2CA29"1!1C724%2%156D2C42591DA2A CA5B9!2%1B9B$A2"A$9DA21C29$CD29D292 C9 2C9C21B$5A9DAD2CA2$4DC24%2CA2!49B2C42CA2"4554#A5+2A2D$48A24%2854"!A62%5462$4558C14B21B2 !AB1B(2 #A5A2 AD$51"A2 "72 -9C59E2 .9%69BB2 9B2 C4BA2 0<22 #1$2 D4#2 C9C2 "9DA2 4B2 CA2 D5'A72%1B1B(DE2A9B24%2%156D21B2B4B4C)*2$4BC51AD2$4BD1A52$4558C14B24%2"9B&24%%1$19!D292 69>45245264A59CA24"DC9$!A2C42CA152"D1BADDAD+2

AD81CA21CD216845C9B$AE2CA5A29D2"AAB2!161CA25ADA95$25A(951B(2CA2$9DA29B2$4BDA?AB$A24%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 "9B&2 !AB1B(+2 3A9D51B(2 "9B&2 $4558C14B2 1D2 CA2 691B2 1%%1$!C1AD2 #1$2 A 8!91B2 5A!9C1'A!72!9$&24%2#45&21B2C1D295A9+24C9"!7E2CA5A295A24B!72C5AA2898A5D2C9C2$!4DA!72#45&21B2CA2 95A924%2$4558C14B21B2"9B&2!AB1B(+22

A2 %15DC2 898A52 1D2 #51CCAB2 "72 -A$&E2 A615($4.BCE2 9B2 /A'1BA2 01E2 -A$&2 AC2 9!+2 A5A9%CA522 #1$21D$DD2CA25A!9C14B2"AC#AAB2$4558C14B21B2"9B&2!AB1B(29B2"9B&2D8A5'1D457284#A5+2-A$&2 AC29!+20122%1B2C9C2DC54B(A52"9B&2D8A5'1D14B29D284D1C1'A2$455A!9C14B2#1C2645A2$4558C14B21B2 !AB1B(+2 B2 $4BC59DCE2 CA72 85464CA2 851'9CA2 64B1C451B(2 9B2 C59BD895AB$72 1B2 CA2 "9B&2 9$C1'1C72 C42 5A$A2CA2!A'A!24%2$4558C14B+2-9DA24B2CA1525ADA95$E2-95CE2*98514E29B2/A'1BA201E2-95C2AC2 9!+2A5A9%CA5229%%1562C1D2%1B1B(2C9C2DC54B(A52"9B&2D8A5'1D14B2#1!!2!A92C421(A52$4558C14B+2 A2DA$4B2#45&21B2C1D21DDA21D2-95CE2/1BE2/1BE29B24B(20@22#1$24"DA5'AD2C9C2!4#2!A'A!2 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2 $4!2 "A2 9$1A'A2 "72 (5A9CA52 $468AC1C14B2 9B2 1B%4569C14B2 D951B(2

(7)

2 964B(2 "9B&A5D+2 -4C2 -A$&2 AC2 9!2 0122 9B2 -95C2 AC2 9!+2 0@22 D8845C2 D161!952 95(6ABCD2 C9C2 1BDCA92 4%2 DC5AB(CAB1B(2 CA2 D8A5'1D4572 84#A52 1B2 CA2 "9B&1B(2 D7DCA6E2 84!1$769&A52 $9B2 "ACCA52 5A$A2CA2!A'A!24%2"9B&2$4558C14B2"7285464C1B(2$468AC1C14B29B248ABBADD+2

A2!9DC2B4C9"!A2#45&21D2%54624DC4BE2 /1BE29B2392022#42A 961BA2CA2A%%A$CD24%26A192 4#BA5D182 9B2 $4B$ABC59C14B2 4B2 $4558C14B2 1B2 "9B&2 !AB1B(+2 A72 %1B2 C9C2 CA2 6A192 DC9CA2 4#BA5D1829B26A192$4B$ABC59C14B29'A284D1C1'A2A%%A$C2C42DC54B(A52D8A5'1D457284#A52C9C2!A92 C42(5A9CA52$4558C14B21B2"9B&2!AB1B(+22

4#A'A5E2A'AB2C4(2CADA2DC1AD2(1'A2$4685AABD1'A21D$DD14B29"4C2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(E2 CA72 8516951!72 %4$D24B2 CA2$54DD4$4BC572 5ADA95$21B2 (!4"9!2D$48A+2,1!A2#A2 5A9!1DA2C9C2CA5A2 95A2 1%%A5AB$AD2 964B(2 $4BC572 (5482 1B2 CA2 6A9BD2 4%2 1B$46A2 !A'A!E2 A'A!486ABC2 DC9CDE2 452 (A4(5981$2 5A(14BD2 0-95CE2 *98514E2 9B2 /A'1BAE2 2E2 #A2 C1B&2 C9C2 1C2 #4!2 "A2 1BCA5ADC1B(2 C42 69&A2 %5CA52 5ADA95$2 1B2 D69!!A52 D$48A2 %452 C59BD1C14B2 A$4B461AD2 %452 C5AA2 5A9D4B+2 315DC2 5A9D4B2 "A$9DA2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(29D2"A$46A2895C1$!95!72DA514D2854"!A621B2C59BD1C14B2$4BC51AD2C42 CA2A CABC2CA72!9$&29A?9CA2!9#DE24">A$C1'A2$45CDE285ABC19!25A(!9C14BDE29B24CA52988548519CA2 1BDC1CC14BD2C42D%%1$1ABC!72$4BC91B2$4558C14B20,A1!E282+22

A$4BE21B2CADA25A$ABC27A95D2CA2C59BD1C14B2A$4B461AD2AB>472"1((A5254!A21B2CA2(!4"9!2A$4B461AD2 #1C264A59CA29B284D1C1'A2A$4B461$2(54#C2$46895A2C42A'A!48A2A$4B461ADE21B2D46A2A CABC2 1C2 1D2 1BCA5ADC1B(2 C42 &B4#2 4#2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D452 9%%A$C2 CA2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2 #1$2 9!D42 9'A2 A%%A$C24B2CA152A$4B461$D28A5%4569B$A+2

A2 !9DC2 16845C9BC2 5A9D4B2 1D2 C9C2 #A2 5A9!1DA2 9B2 1B$5A9D1B(2 C5AB2 4%2 84!1$72 69&A52 C42 DC5AB(CAB2 "9B&2D8A5'1D14B21B245A52C429'412"9B&1B(2$51D1D+246A21B%!ABC19!21BCA5B9C14B9!21BDC1CC14BD2D$2 9D2CA2,45!2-9B&E233E29B2-9B&2%452BCA5B9C14B9!2ACC!A6ABCD2A'AB2D8845C2C1D2DCA820-A$&EAC2 9!E212+2A24CA52C5AB295A2A 8!91BA2"72)1$AB(5AAB29B21B$A52022C9C2CA5A295A2$9B(AD2 1B2CA2DC5$C5A24%2"9B&2D8A5'1D452#AB2CA29C451C72C42D8A5'1DA29D2"AAB264'A2%5462$ABC59!2 "9B&2C42BA#21BA8ABABC2"47E2AD8A$19!!729%CA52.2!9B$231B9B$19!2A5'1$AD2C451C721B2@@8+2 1D289CCA5B2$9B2"A2$4BC591$CA21%2CA7E5A2854'AB21BA%%A$C1'A2C425A$A2CA2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+222 A5A%45AE2CA2691B264C1'9C14B2%452C1D295C1$!A21D2C42854'1A2645A2AC91!A25ADA95$24B2CA21689$C2 4%2 CA2 DC5$C5A2 4%2 "9B&1B(2 D8A5'1D14B2 C42 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2 %452 CA2 C59BD1C14B2 $4BC51AD2 1B2 )9DCA5B2 )548A2 9B2 *ABC59!2 D192 #1$2 1B$!A2 2 $4BC51AD2 0!"9B19E2 569B19E2 DA5"91>9BE2

(8)

92 -A!95DE2-4DB194A5DA(4'1B9E2-!(9519E2*549C19E2*DA$26A8"!1$E2)DC4B19E2B(957E2.9D9&DC9BE2 .75(7DDC9BE2 /1C9B19E2 34!4'9E2 F4!9BE2 6469B19E2 6DD19E2 !4'9&19E2 !4'AB19E2 5&A7E2 9B2 &591BA22222

1D2 DC72 1D2 84DD1"!A2 C9B&D2 C42 9'91!9"1!1C72 4%2 A CABD1'A2 9C92 %5462 ,45!2 -9B&2 )$4B461$2 5'A72 0,-)22 #1$2 DA2 "72 -A$&2 AC2 9!+2 012E2 9C9"9DA2 4B2 -9B&2 6A(!9C14B2 9B2 8A5'1D14B2 #1$2 $4!!A$CA2 "72 -95C2 AC2 9!+2 012E2 9B2 ,45!2 A'A!486ABC2 B1$9C45D2 9D2 92 $4685AABD1'A29C9DAC2%5462CA2,45!2-9B&+22

35CA5645AE21B2C1D2DC72 #A2C572 C42A'A!482#9C2-A$&2AC29!+201229D2 4BA2C42645A2!161CA2 D$48A2 4%2 C59BD1C14B2 A$4B461AD+2 ,1!A2 #A2 #9BC2 C42 CADC2 #ACA52 CA2 691B2 5AD!C2 C9C2 DC54B(A52 D8A5'1D457284#A5269725AD!C21(A5259CA24%2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(295A2DC1!!284!2%452C59BD1C14B2 A$4B461ADE2 #A2 9!D42 #9BC2 C42 ACA561BA2 CA2 461B9BC2 %9$C452 C9C2 $9B2 9%%A$C2 CA2 A(5AA2 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2 DA$C45+2 35CA5645AE2 5A9!1D1B(2 CA2 16845C9B$A2 4%2 CA2 DC5$C5A2 4%2 "9B&1B(2 D8A5'1D14B2 4B2 A$4B461$2 8A5%4569B$A2 0)1$AB(5AAB2 =2 1B$AB2 2E2 #A2 9!D42 #9BC2 C42 &B4#2 #ACA52 CA2 $41$A2 4%2 98841BC1B(2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 9D2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D452 452 C59BD%A52 C1D2 9C451C72 C42 9B4CA521BA8ABABC2D8A5'1D4529(AB$72#1!!29'A29B2A%%A$C2C42$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2

)$4B46AC51$9!!7E21B2C1D295C1$!A2#A2DA2854"1C25A(5ADD14B26AC42"A$9DA2CA2"1B4619!2B9C5A24%2 691B2A8ABABC2'9519"!A2#A2DA2C426A9D5A2CA2A(5AA2C42#1$2$4558C14B24%2"9B&24%%1$19!D21D29B2 4"DC9$!A2C42%156D2591D1B(2A CA5B9!2%1B9B$A+242"A2645A2D8A$1%1$E21B2CA29!!2C5AA2691B2898A52#1$2 6ABC14BA2 9"4'AE2 CA2 A8ABABC2 '9519"!A2 1D2 CA2 5AD84BDA2 %5462 D8A$1%1$2 ?ADC14B2 1B2 CA2 ,45!2 -9B&ED2,45!2-D1BADD2)B'154B6ABC25'A720,-)22#1$295AE2FD2CA2$4558C14B24%2"9B&24%%1$19!D2 9B24"DC9$!A2%452CA248A59C14B29B2(54#C24%27452"D1BADDGH2A5A%45AE2#A25A691B2DA2CA25AD84BDA29D2 CA2A8ABABC2'9519"!A24B2C1D295C1$!A+2 3452CA2691B2A 8!9B9C4572'9519"!AE2#A2%4!!4#2-A$&2AC29!+2012E2-95C2AC29!20@2E29B24DC4B2 AC29!+2022#1$2DA2'9514D2'9519"!AD2C426A9D5A2D8A5'1D457284#A529B29!D425A(!9C14B2C9C2 D8845C2C59BD895AB$721B2"9B&D29B2(1'A21B$ABC1'A2%452851'9CA2$5A1C45D2C4264B1C452"9B&D+2,A29!D42 92 645A2 '9519"!A2 5A!9CA2 C42 CA2 $41$A2 4%2 9'1B(2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 9D2 D8A5'1D452 9B2 9!D42 CA2 1BA8ABAB$724%2CA2D8A5'1D4529C451C72C426A9D5A2CA21689$C24%2DC5$C5A21B2"9B&2D8A5'1D452C42 $4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2

(9)

<2 A25A691B1B(24%2CA2898A521D245(9B1DA29D2%4!!4#D+2A$C14B2285ADABCD285A'14D2DC1AD24B2"9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2 9B2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 A$C14B2 92 AD$51"AD2 9C92 D45$ADE2 6AC44!4(7E2 9B2 &A72 '9519"!AD2 DA2 1B2 CA2 9B9!7D1D+2 A2 691B2 A68151$9!2 5AD!CD2 95A2 5A845CA2 1B2 DA$C14B2 <+2 31B9!!7E2 DA$C14B272D66951DAD2CA25AD!CD29B2854'1AD2D46A2$4B$!1B(2C4(CD+22

2 22 2

(10)

72

C324D77F24D32BD474F47

789ABC5ADEF2435A2A3A5423A3AF5623A

4#997DE2 #A2 5A9!1DA2 C9C2 CA2 "9B&1B(2 D7DCA62 9D2 8!97D2 9B2 16845C9BC2 54!A2 C42 CA2 A$4B461$2 8A5%4569B$A24%292$4BC57+2B24BA29BE2/A'1BA20@@;E2722D4#D2C54(2A$4B46AC51$2DC1AD2 C9C2#AB2"9B&D269B9(A2C42$9BBA!1B(2$981C9!2C42%156D2#1C2CA21(ADC2D4$19!25AC5BD29B29"!A2C42 64B1C452 CA2 9!!4$9C14B2 4%2 %BDE2 C1D2 #1!!2 AB$459(1B(2 ABC5A85ABA5D182 9B2 A$4B461$2 (54#C+2 35CA5645AE2 /A'1BA2 0@@;E2 722 9!D42 DC9CAD2 C9C2 #A!!4%B$C14B1B(2 "9B&D2 #1!!2 9'A2 84D1C1'A2 A%%A$C2 C42 1B$46A2 1DC51"C14B2 9B2 84'A5C7+2 *4BC51AD2 #1C2 "ACCA52 "9B&D2 A 8A51AB$A2 %9DCA52 5A$C14BD21B284'A5C729D2$981C9!2%!4#D2C42C4DA2#1C2CA2"ADC2854>A$CDE2B4C2D168!72C42C4DA2#1C2CA2 64DC2#A9!C29B284#A5E2CA25A'A5DA284!2%45284452%B$C14B1B(2"9B&D+2DE25A9!1D1B(2C9C269B72 8A48!A2 !1'A2 1B2 92 $4BC572 #1C2 84452 8A5%4561B(2 "9B&E2 "9B&2 5A(!9C14B2 9B2 D8A5'1D14B2 69CCA52 C42 ADC9"!1D2A%%1$1ABC2"9B&1B(2D7DCA62"A$9DA2"9B&D29D2CA29"1!1C72C421B%!AB$A28A48!A2C4216854'A2 CA152!1'1B(2DC9B95D+2

B2CA24CA529BE2D4BD2"9B&25A(!9C14B29B2D8A5'1D14B295A216845C9BC2C4261B161DA2ADC5$C14B2 %5462"9B&25A!9CA2%1B9B$19!2$51D1D24524CA52&1B24%2%91!5A21B2"9B&1B(2D7DCA6+2*985142AC29!20922 B4CAD2C9C2CA2$4DC24%2"9B&25A!9CA2%1B9B$19!2$51D1D2#A5A2AB4564D2#1$2A $AAA2I2C51!!14B2>DC2 %452 *1!A2 9B2 5(ABC1B92 1B2 @8D2 9B2 4C2 )9DC2 D192 1B2 @@D2 9B2 ADC169CA2 5A$4'A572 $4DC2 D589DD1B(2 <B2 4%2 JF+2 ,1!A2 1B2 CA2 64DC2 5A$ABC2 $51D1D2 1B2 ;48E2 A'A!48A2 $4BC572 !1&A2 E2 891BE2 359B$AE2 9B2 JA569B72 9D2 D8ABC2 8"!1$2 %BD2 C42 %1B9B$19!2 DA$C452 #1$2 5A9$A2 4 9B2 4%2 JF2 0$1!"9$E2 2+2 C2 1D2 $!A952 C9C2 %91!5A2 1B2 "9B&1B(2 D7DCA62 9D2 CA2 9"1!1C72 C42 1D58C2 5A9!2 A$4B461AD2 9B2 5A9!2 $4DC2 C42 69BE2 %452 A 968!A2 1C2 #1!!2 5A$A2 %BD2 %452 A9!C2 9B2 A$9C14B29D292$4DC2C42"91!4C2"9B&D+2A5A%45A21C21D216845C9BC2C421ABC1%72988549$29B2D$48A24%2 5A(!9C14B29B2D8A5'1D14B2#1$2$9B2"ADC2AB9B$AD2"9B&28A5%4569B$AD2C429'412"9B&1B(2$51D1D+2 42 5A(!9CA2 9B2 D8A5'1DA2 "9B&D2 A%%1$1ABC!7E2 A9$2 $4BC572 9'A2 1%%A5ABC2 988549$2 9B2 DAC2 4%2 84!1$72 9B2 CA2 !A'A!2 4%2 1BCA5'ABC14B2 95A2 '9572 %5462 F%5AA2 "9B&1B(H2 C42 1(!72 1BCA5'ABC14B1DC2 5A(!9C14BD+2345A4'A5E2CA2A"9CA24B2CA2"9B&25A(!9C14B29B2D8A5'1D14B2DC1!!2"A$46A21BCA5ADC1B(2 1DDAD2 #1$2 1B$!A2 D$48A2 4%2 5A(!9C14B2 4B2 "9B&2 9$C1'1C1ADE2 "9551A52 4B2 ABC572 9B2 A 1CE2 $981C9!2 5A?15A6ABCDE2 D8A5'1D4572 84#A5E2 9'91!9"1!1C72 4%2 D9%AC72 BACE2 851'9CA2 64B1C451B(E2 (4'A5B6ABC2

(11)

12 4#BA5D1824B2"9B&E29B2CA2-9DA!2*4661CCAA29B25A(!9C4572$4B'A5(AB$A20-95CE2*98514E2/A'1BA2 12+2

,AB2 #A2 DC72 "9B&2 5A(!9C14B2 9B2 D8A5'1D14BE2 #A2 9!D42 BAA2 C42 C9&A2 1BC42 9$$4BC2 '9514D2 ABC1C1AD29B2D554B1B(2AB'154B6ABC21B%!AB$1B(2CA248A59C14B24%2"9B&D+231(5A22C51AD2C42D4#2 "549A52 %596A#45&2 C42 '1A#2 "9B&2 5A(!9C14B2 9B2 D8A5'1D14B2 C9C2 1B'4!'AD2 92 DA?AB$A2 5A!9C14B2 #1C2 9B4CA52 9(AB$1AD2 D554BA2 "72 '9514D2 AB'154B6ABC2 4%2 84!1C1$9!E2 !A(9!E2 695&AC2 DC5$C5AE2 $!C5AE29B2CA$B4!4(1$9!2%45$AD+22

BDC1CC14B9!2 AB'154B6ABC2 $9B2 ACA561BA2 CA2 ?9!1C72 4%2 $A$&D2 9B2 "9!9B$AD2 1B2 CA2 (4'A5B6ABC2 C9C2 #1!!2 1B%!AB$A2 84!1C1$19B2 "A9'1452 C42 9$C2 %452 CA2 #A!%95A2 4%2 D4$1AC72 452 >DC2 851'9CA2 1BCA5ADC+2 /A(9!2 D7DCA62 D98AD2 CA2 A CABC2 4%2 D4B2 5A(!9C14B2 9B2 9DD5AD2 C9C2 CA2 5!AD2 95A2 %4!!4#A2 "72 A'A572 9(ABC2C425A$A2$4558C14B2!A'A!+2A2!A'A!24%21B%4569C14B2CA$B4!4(729%%A$CD2CA2%!4#24%2 1B%4569C14B2 9"4C2 "9B&D2 C42 4CA52 9(ABC+2 395&AC2 DC5$C5A2 A%1BA2 CA2 $4B$ABC59C14B2 9B2 $468AC1C1'ABADD2 4%2 "9B&1B(2 1BDC572 9B2 854'1A2 64B1C451B(2 %B$C14B2 A1CA52 %5462 4CA52 "9B&E2 A84D1C45E2$5A1C45245259C1B(29(AB$72D42"9B&2#1!!2"A9'A28548A5!7+235CA5645AE29B21BA8ABABC2 6A192$9B28!97292&A7254!A21B264B1C451B(2$4558C14B29B21B'ADC1(9C1B(29(AB$72854"!A62C9C26972 4$$5D21B2A'A572DA?AB$A+2222222222 31(5A2+23596A#45&2%452-9B&26A(!9C14B29B28A5'1D14B2 2 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222245$A52-95CE2*98514E2/A'1BA20122

(12)

;2 31(5A2 2 9"4'A2 9!D42 D4#D2 D2 CA2 851B$189!49(ABC2 854"!A62 1B2 A'A572 DCA82 4%2 5A!9C14B2 $9DA2 "72 9D766AC51$2 1B%4569C14B2 9B2 1%%A5ABC2 1B$ABC1'AD2 964B(2 9(ABC+2 3452 A 968!A2 1B2 CA2 !AB1B(2 5A!9C14BD18E2 CA2 "9B&2 1D2 851B$189!2 9B2 CA2 "4554#A52 1D2 9(ABCE2 9D766AC51$2 1B%4569C14B2 A 1DC2 "A$9DA2"4554#A524!2"ACCA521B%4569C14B29"4C2CA152"D1BADD2#1!A2"9B&2#9BC2CA62C42"A9'A2 5AD84BD1"!72 1B2 45A52 C42 5AC5B2 CA152 !49BE2 CD2 D9!!72 "9B&2 A69B1B(2 $4!!9CA59!2 9B2 D45C2 69C51C72C4261B161DA29(AB$72854"!A6+22

B2CA2BA C2!A'A!E2"9B&269B9(A5D2#42C572C4269 161DA2CA152C1!1C72$9B29$C21%%A5ABC!72%54625!A2 9B2AB%45$A6ABC2854$A5AD24%25A(!9C45D29B2D8A5'1D45D2#429'A2168A5%A$C21B%4569C14B+21D2 9(AB$72854"!A62$4BC1BA2C42BA C2!A'A!2#AB284!1C1$19BD201B$!1B(2(4'A5B6ABC24%%1$19!D22DAA&2C42 1B%!AB$A2 "9B&2 5A(!9C45D2 #1$2 9'A2 "ACCA52 1B%4569C14B2 9"4C2 "9B&2 9$C1'1C1AD2 9B2 5A(!9C4572 84!1$7+2 31B9!!7E2 CA2 64DC2 1%%1$!C2 854"!A62 1D2 #AB2 CA2 8"!1$2 BAA2 C42 69&A2 84!1C1$19BD2 "A9'A2 8548A5!72%452CA2D4$1AC72"A$9DA2CA5A21D284DD1"1!1C72C9C284!1C1$19B2$44DAD2C4269 161DA2CA1524#B2 1BCA5ADC+2-95CE2*98514E29B2/A'1BA201226ABC14B2C9C2CA29"1!1C724%2CA28"!1$2C4264B1C4529B2 $4BC54!284!1C1$19BD29D2&A72168!1$9C14BD2%452CA2DA!A$C14B29B248A59C14B24%2"9B&2 5A(!9C14BD29B2 D8A5'1D4572859$C1$ADE29B2AB$A2#1!!21B%!AB$A2"9B&28A5%4569B$A29B2A$4B461$2854D8A51C7+2 B4CA5216845C9BC2C1B(2%5462CA2%596A#45&24%2"9B&25A(!9C14B29B2D8A5'1D14B21D2$468!1$9CA2 5A!9C14B2 $9DA2 "72 84DD1"1!1C72 4%2 $4558C14B2 #AB2 9(ABC2 C51AD2 C42 1B%!AB$A2 1(A52 ABC1C1AD2 C42 1B%!AB$A2 CA2 %!4#2 4%2 %BD2 0CA2 8#952 841BC1B(2 9554#2+2 ,9!!1D2 0<22 A 8!91BD2 C1D2 854"!A62 #AB2#A2BAA2C42$4BD1A51B(2CA2851'9CA21BCA5ADC24%2A9$29(ABC2#1$2$5A9CAD2'AB9!2 $4558C14B+2 3452 A 968!AE2 "4554#A52 #1!!2 C572 C42 1B%!AB$A2 84!1C1$19BD2 "72 "51"A2 452 !4""72 D42 5A(!9C45D2 9B2 D8A5'1D45D2 D42 C9C2 CA2 %!4#2 4%2 %B2 %5462 "9B&D2 #1!!2 %9'452 C4DA2 "4554#A5D+2 345A2 $468!1$9CA2 5A!9C14BD2AD$51"AD29D2D7DCA69C1$2$4558C14B2"72,9!!1D20<221D2#AB284!1C1$19BD2C572C42DA2CA152 1B%!AB$A2C42691BC91B2CA15284!1C1$9!284D1C14B2"72$4BD8151B(2#1C2"9B&A5D2C42$9BBA!1B(2%BD24B!72 C42C4DA2D8845C1B(25!1B(2895C7+222

B2CA2ABE2"549A52988549$21B2DC71B(2"9B&25A(!9C14B29B2D8A5'1D14B295A2BA$ADD9572"A$9DA2 A9$29(ABC24AD2B4C29C469C1$9!!72"A9'A28548A5!72C4216854'A2D4$1AC72#A!%95A+2*4558C14B21D24BA2 16845C9BC2 9D8A$C2 C9C2 ACA51459C1B(2 CA2 %!4#2 4%2 %BD2 %5462 "9B&D2 C42 854D8A$C1'A2 "4554#A52 #1C2 (442 854>A$CD2 9B2 %5CA5645A2 1D58CD2 A$4B461$2 8A5%4569B$A+2 3452 C9C2 5A9D4BE2 DC72 1B2 $4558C14B21B2!AB1B(2"A$46A216845C9BC2C42A!82D2"ACCA52BA5DC9B2#1$2988549$2#A2BAA21B2 "9B&25A(!9C14B29B2D8A5'1D14B2C425A$A2CA2!A'A!24%2$4558C14B+2

(13)

82

787A12F423A3A533A

-A$&E2A615($4.BCE29B2/A'1BA201229D292814BAA525ADA95$24B2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(E2C572C42 BA5DC9B2 CA2 54!A2 4%2 D8A5'1D4572 9(AB$72 84!1$1AD2 #1$2 $9B2 1B%!AB$AD2 CA2 4"DC9$!A2 %9$A2 "72 %156D21B2591D1B(2A CA5B9!2%1B9B$A+22

B2 CA152 5ADA95$E2 -A$&2 AC2 9!+2 0122 C572 C42 854'A2 $4B%!1$C1B(2 CA4572 9D2 6ABC14BA2 "72 C1(!A52 0@;22#AB2DC54B(24%%1$19!2D8A5'1D14B24%2"9B&2$9B216854'A2CA2$458459CA2(4'A5B9B$A24%2"9B&DE2 1B$5A9DA2 CA2 A%%1$1AB$72 4%2 "9B&1B(2 D7DCA62 9D2 9B2 1BCA56A19572 9B2 5A$A2 $4558C14B2 1B2 "9B&2 !AB1B(+2 1D2 F6F562A F2 5A 5 H2 DC9BD2 "A$9DA2 1C2 1D2 #1A!72 "A!1A'A2 9B2 D8845CA2 "72 1BCA5B9C14B9!2 1BDC1CC14BD2 D$2 9D2 -E2 33E2 9B2 ,45!2 -9B&2 C9C2 DC54B(2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D452 $9B2 A%%A$C1'A!7269B9(A21B%4569C14B2$4DCE2C59BD9$C14B2$4DCE29'412"9B&1B(2$51DADE29B25A8!9$A2CA254!A2 4%2 851'9CA2 9(ABCD2 #1$2 %5A?ABC!72 !9$&2 CA2 1B$ABC1'AD2 9B2 $989"1!1C1AD2 C42 64B1C452 84#A5%!2 "9B&D+222

B2 9!CA5B9C1'A2 C42 C1D2 '1A#2 1D2 FF24!542A F45A 5 H2 #AB2 84!1C1$19BD2 9B2 D8A5'1D45D242B4C269 161DA2D4$19!2#A!%95A2 9D2 6ABC14BA2"72!A1%A529B2'1DB720@@82+2 %2CA2 D8A5'1D45729(AB$7295A2DC54B(E2CA5A295A2CABAB$72C9C284!1C1$19B2#1!!21B$A2"9B&D2C421'A5C2CA2 %!4#24%2$5A1C2C4284!1C1$9!!72$4BBA$CA2%156D+21D26972$9DA21BA%%1$1ABC2$5A1C29!!4$9C14B29B26972 1B$5A9DA2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+22

B2 CA2 !9DC2 '1A#E2 FF45A E23423A 5 H2 95(AD2 C9C2 D8A5'1D4572 9(AB$72 #1$2 9D2 5AD84BD1"1!1C729B29C451C724B2"9B&1B(2D7DCA62D4!2%4$D24B2AB9B$1B(2CA29"1!1C724%2851'9CA2 9(ABCD2 C42 9$$ADD2 1B%4569C14B2 9B2 C59BD9$C14B2 $4DC+2 %2 D8A5'1D4572 9(AB$72 $9B2 85464CA2 "9B&2 C59BD895AB$72C42854'1A29$$59CA21B%4569C14B2C42CA28"!1$E2851'9CA29(ABC2$9B2A%%A$C1'A!7264B1C452 "9B&D2 9B2 5A$A2 CA2 84DD1"1!1C72 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 A'A5CA!ADDE2 C42 %4DCA52 8"!1$2 1B%4569C14B29B25A$A2$4558C14B24%2"9B&24%%1$19!E2D4B2!A(9!21BDC1CC14B2BAA2C4248A59CA21B2CA2 $4BC57+22

42A 8!91B24#2D8A5'1D4572 9(AB$72$9B21B%!AB$A2CA2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(E2 -A$&2AC2 9!+20122 DA29C92%5462,45!2-D1BADD25'A720,-)22%452%1562!A'A!29C929B2-95CE2*98514E29B2/A'1BA2 0122 %452 $4BC572 !A'A!2 9C92 4B2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B+2 D1B(2 45A5A2 854"1C2 64A!E2 CA2 A8ABABC2 '9519"!A2 1D2 D8A$1%1$2 %5462 5AD84BDA2 4B2 %4!!4#1B(2 ?ADC14B52FD2 CA2 $4558C14B2 4%2 "9B&2 4%%1$19!D2 9B2 4"DC9$!A2%452CA248A59C14B29B2(54#C24%27452"D1BADDGH2BD#A526972'9572"AC#AAB220B424"DC9$!A2E22

(14)

@2 09261B4524"DC9$!A2E292092 64A59CA24"DC9$!A229B2 <209269>4524"DC9$!A2+2A5A%45AE2921(A52'9!A2 1B1$9CAD2645A2DA'A5A2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2

D2 CA2 "9D1D2 %452 1BA8ABABC2 '9519"!AE2 -A$&2 AC2 9!+2 0122 1'1AD2 CA2 '9519"!AD2 1BC42 C5AA2 $9CA(451AD+2 315DC2 95A2 %1562 D8A$1%1$2 C591CD2 #1$2 1B$!A2 CA2 4#BA5D182 DC5$C5A2 4%2 CA2 %156D2 08A5$ABC9(A24%2(4'A5B6ABC29B2%45A1(B24#BA5D182E2B6"A524%2$468AC1C45DE2#ACA52CA2%15621D2 9B2A 845CA52452B4CE2691B2"D1BADD24%2CA2%156201B269B%9$C5A2452DA5'1$AD2E29B2D9!AD24%2CA2%156+2 A$4B2 $9CA(451AD2 95A2 1BA8ABABC2 '9519"!AD2 %452 -9B&2 8A5'1D4572 F4!1$72 #1$2 1B$!AD2 D8A5'1D457284#A529B2851'9CA264B1C451B(+2A2!9DC24BA21D2$4BC572!A'A!2'9519"!AD2#1$21B$!AD2 (54#CE2 1B%!9C14BE2 9B2 964BC2 4%2 $5A1C2 %5462 "9B&D2 C42 851'9CA2 DA$C45+2 42 D62 8E2 CA2 5A!9C14B2 "AC#AAB2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2 9B2 $4558C14B2 1B2 "9B&2 !AB1B(2 $9B2 "A2 9DD6A2 C9C2 CA2 5AD84BDA2 4%2 CA2%156D2%4!!4#D2C1D2A?9C14B20#A5A2>29B2&2D"D$518CD21B1$9CA2%15629B2$4BC5725AD8A$C1'A!7252 1234567889ABC73 D E F 7833BF 78C3 F A78B8F 67ABCB78 F !"239#2$B98C3F %&8C$ F &C'F ()3#*2BC73F +87,B-F ./8CF 0##C$C2*5&9A8C C73F /8C2B5"73CB78C3F 1222 2222222222222222222022 B2CA2898A5E2-A$&2AC29!+201229D2C51A2'9514D26A9D5AD29B2A'A!48D21B1C19!2A?9C14B29"4'A2C42 A!82 CA62 A 8!91B2 CA2 5A!9C14B2 "AC#AAB2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2 9B2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 ADA2 6A9D5AD2 1B$!A2 CA2 54!A2 4%2 JF2 8A52 $981C9E2 A$4B461$2 $51D1DE2 5!A2 4%2 !9#2 9B2 (4'A5B6ABC2 A%%A$C1'ABADDE2 $4BC57ED2 !9C1CAE2 ACB1$2 %59$C14B9!1D9C14BE2 9B2 !AB(C2 4%2 A9$2 $4BC572 1BA8ABAB$7+2 B2 CA2 ABE2 CA72 %4B2 $4BD1DCABC2 5AD!C2 C9C2 D8A5'1D4572 84#A52 9!#97D2 9D2 84D1C1'A2 '9!A2 9B2 D1(B1%1$9BCE2 #1$2 6A9BD2 C9C2 1%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2 9(AB$72 9D2 1(A52 D8A5'1D4572 84#A5E2 CAB2 "9B&2 $4558C14B2 #1!!2 1B$5A9DA+2 B2 CA2 4CA52 9BE2 851'9CA2 64B1C451B(2 '9519"!AD29D29!#97D2BA(9C1'A2'9!A29B2DC9C1DC1$9!!72D1(B1%1$9BCE2#1$26A9BD2C9C2$4558C2"9B&2 4%%1$19!D295A2!ADD24%292"9551A52C42591D1B(2$981C9!21B2$4BC51AD2#A5A2D8A5'1D457284!1$1AD2%45$A2"9B&D2 C421D$!4DA29$$59CA21B%4569C14B29B2(1'A2851'9CA2$5A1C45D2CA2988548519CA21B$ABC1'AD+2 -95C2AC29!+20@22A64BDC59CAD2921%%A5ABC2988549$2C429B9!7DA2CA2ACA561B9BC24%2$4558C14B21B2 !AB1B(2"72854'1B(2CA2"ABA%1$19!254!A24%2$468AC1C14B29B21B%4569C14B2D951B(+2A7269&A2D46A2 641%1$9C14B21BC421B1C19!2A?9C14B2C426A9D5A2"9B&2$4558C14B2%5462-A$&2AC29!+20122"7291B(2 BA#2'9519"!AD2#1$2854 72"9B&2$468AC1C14B26A9D5A+2A2"9B&2$468AC1C14B26A9D5AD2$4BD1DC24%2

(15)

2 C5AA2 16845C9BC2 '9519"!AD2 #1$2 95A2 "9B&2 $4B$ABC59C14B2 4B2 9DDAC2 9B2 A84D1CE2 DC9B952 $4B$ABC59C14B2 6A9D5A2 #1C2 A5%1B9!415D$69B4BA 2 022 9B2 ABC572 "9551A52 4%2 CA2 %156+2 A5A%45A2CA2A?9C14B2#1$2DA2"72-95C2AC29!+20@2295A29D2%4!!4#D52

1234567889ABC73 D 5E F 21234567ABCBC735"2 98 F E&B2BF E78C3F

5EA78B8F EC85&C'F E!)339 B84559C F 62"2$875673B87* F 1222022

-AD1A2 "9B&2 $468AC1C14B2 6A9D5AE2 -95C2 AC2 9!2 0@22 9!D42 %4B2 C9C2 1B%4569C14B2 D951B(2 8!972 16845C9BC254!A29D2ACA561B9BC2'9519"!AD24%2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2A152CA45AC1$9!264A!285A1$CD2 C9C2 1B%4569C14B2 D951B(2 #1!!2 5A$A2 $4558C14B2 1B2 "9B&2 !AB1B(2 "72 5A$1B(2 9D766AC51$2 1B%4569C14B2"AC#AAB2"4554#A5D29B2!ABA5DE2AB9B$1B(264B1C451B(24%2"51"A57E29B25A$1B(2CA2 1B%4569C14B25ABC29B2AB$A2CA2"95(91B1B(284#A524%2!ABA5D+2A72DA2C#426672'9519"!AD29D2 854 724%21B%4569C14B2D951B(2#1$295A2CA2A 1DCAB$AD24%287C5A9C5A9CDA59B28ACB295A9C5 7A9275 -4C2 '9519"!AD2 $4!!A$C2 1B%4569C14B2 4B2 CA2 $5A1C2 #45C1BADD2 4%2 "4554#A5D2 "C2 5B2 "72 1%%A5ABC2 ABC1C1AD+2 A2 DA$4B2 A?9C14BD2 1B2 CA152 5ADA95$E2 #1C2 91C14B2 4%2 1B%4569C14B2 D951B(2 '9519"!ADE295A29D2%4!!4#D52

1234567889ABC73 D

E F 5 21234567ABCBC735"2 98 F 72)3#782BC735&-28C35"2 98 F

E&B2BF E78C3F 5 EA78B8F EC85&C'F E!)339 B84559C F

62"2$875673B87* F 122 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0922

A25AD!C24%2C1D25ADA95$21D2?1CA21B2!1BA2#1C2CA25AD!C2%5462-A$&2AC29!+20122#1$285464CAD2 851'9CA264B1C451B(2C425A$A2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2A72%4B2C9C2$468AC1C14B26A9D5AD2#1$2 6A9D5A2 "72 $4B$ABC59C14B2 !A'A!2 95A2 84D1C1'A2 9B2 D1(B1%1$9BCE2 C1D2 6A9BD2 C9C2 1B$5A9DA2 $4B$ABC59C14B2 0!ADD2 $468AC1C1'A22 5AD!CD2 1B$5A9D1B(2 !A'A!2 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 3452 CA2 1B%4569C14B2 D951B(E2 CA72 %4B2 C9C2 8"!1$2 $5A1C2 5A(1DC572 '9519"!AD2 95A2 B4C2 D1(B1%1$9BC2 #1!A2 851'9CA2 5A(1DC572 "5A92 95A2 D1(B1%1$9BC+2 1D2 A68151$9!2 5AD!C2 D4#D2 C9C2 851'9CA2 "5A92 8!972 92 645A2A%%A$C1'A254!A21B25A$1B(21B%4569C14B2(98D2"AC#AAB2!ABA5D29B2"4554#A5D+2

F98A5D2 %5462 4DC4BE2 /1BE2 9B2 392 022 A 961BA2 %5CA52 CA2 ACA561B9BC2 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2"72D1B(29259CA52B1?A29B21%%A5ABC2988549$2"72926A1924#BA5D1829D21BA8ABABC2 '9519"!A+2B2CA15295(6ABCE26A192%156D29'A2B9C59!21B$ABC1'AD2C425A845C21BCA5ADC1B(2BA#D2#1$2

(16)

2 9!D421B$!A2"9B&2$4558C14B+2A5A%45A26A19264B1C451B(2D7DCA62C42"9B&24%%1$19!D21B$5A9DAD2CA2 854"9"1!1C724%2"A1B(2ACA$CA29B28B1DAE269&1B(26A1929D284CABC19!!72A%%A$C1'A26A$9B1D624%2 A CA5B9!2$4BC54!24B2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+22

4#A'A5E2 CA2 784CAD1D2 4%2 C1D2 5ADA95$2 1D2 C9C2 #AB2 CA2 6A192 #A5A2 $4B$ABC59CA2 9B2 $4BC54!!A2 "72 DC9CAE2 1C2 #1!!2 5A$A2 CA2 1B$ABC1'A2 %452 64B1C451B(2 CD2 69&AD2 1(A52 !A'A!2 4%2 $4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+21D2784CAD1D21D21B2!1BA2#1C284!1C1$9!26A192$98C5A2'1A#24%2>9B&4'E2AC2 9!+2 0922 #1$2 D97D2 C9C2 84!1C1$19BD2 452 D8A5'1D45D2 61(C2 D885ADD2 CA2 (4'A5B6ABC2 $4BC54!!A2 6A1921B25A845C1B(2"9B&2$4558C14B2$9DA2C42ABC5AB$2CA15284D1C14B+2

42854'1A292$4685AABD1'A29B9!7D1D24B2CA2D8A$1%1$21B%!AB$A24%26A1921BC42"9B&1B(2$4558C14BE2 4DC4BE2 /1BE2 9B2 392 022 "9DA2 CA152 5ADA95$2 %5462 -A$&2 AC2 9!+2 0122 9B2 -95C2 AC2 9!+2 0@2E2 #462 "A$46A2 CA2 691B2 5A%A5AB$A2 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2 C481$E2 9B2 5ADA95$2 %5462 >9B&4'E2AC29!+20922#1$2A 961BA29B2$4!!A$C2A CABD1'A26A9D5AD25A(951B(26A1924#BA5D182 9B2 $4B$ABC59C14B+2 AB$AE2 CA72 69&A2 641%1$9C14B2 4%2 45A5A2 854"1C2 64A!2 %5462 -A$&2 AC2 9!+2 0122 "72 91B(2 6A192 4#BA5D182 059C142 4%2 (4'A5B6ABC2 4#BA5D182 4B2 BA#D898A5E2 59142 9B2 CA!A'1D14B22 695&AC2 $468AC1C14BE2 9B2 85ADD2 %5AA462 1BA 2 9D2 &A72 1BA8ABABC2 '9519"!AD+2 A2 854"1C264A!21B24DC4BE2/1BE29B239295A29D2%4!!4#D5222

1234567889ABC73 D 5E F 2"3C25&B2B50,38 -CAF 82"3C25673$3B82BC73F

5621234C35&$B785673B87* F 5 92C85673B87* F 72)339 B8C 559C F

:2"2$875673B87* ;F 122 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0<22 2

A264DC216845C9BC2%1B1B(2%54624DC4B2AC29!20221D2C9C26A192DC9CA24#BA5D1826A9D5A29D2 92 84D1C1'AE2 1(!72 D1(B1%1$9BC2 $4A%%1$1ABCE2 AB$A2 D4#D2 C9C2 1B$5A9DA2 DC9CA2 4#BA5D182 4%2 6A192 5AD!CD2 1B2 (5A9CA52 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 ,1!A2 $4B$ABC59C14B2 '9519"!AD2 95A2 84D1C1'A2 9B2 DC9C1DC1$9!!72 D1(B1%1$9BCE2 CA2 898A52 9!D42 D4#D2 C9C2 $468AC1C14B2 1B2 6A192 854'1AD2 DC54B(A52 1B$ABC1'AD2%4526A192%156D2C429$C1'A!725A845C1B(2BA#D#45C72A'ABCD2D$29D2"9B&2$4558C14B+2A2 5AD!C24%2C1D2898A52CA5A%45A2854'AB2C9C2DC54B(A525A(!9C4572 84#A529B2!ADD2$468AC1C14B261(C2 D885ADD26A1924#BA2"72(4'A5B6ABC21B25A845C1B(2"9B&2$4558C14B2$9DA2#1$269&AD2CA26A192 !ADD2A%%A$C1'A21B264B1C451B(2$4558C14B29B261(C2AB$459(AD2$4558C14B21B2"9B&2!AB1B(+22

(17)

2

78"ABC5A445A2A#3A6F5623A

39B72 $4BC51AD2 954B2 CA2 #45!2 9'A2 A 8A51AB$A2 "9B&1B(2 $51DAD2 1B2 CA2 89DC2 7A95D2 9B2 9!!2 $4BC51AD2 95A2 #1CBADD1B(2 D"DC9BC19!2 $9B(AD2 1B2 CA2 DC5$C5A2 9B2 B9C5A2 4%2 "9B&1B(2 D7DCA6+2 -AD1AD2 "9B&1B(2 $51D1DE2 59812 CA$B4!4(1$9!2 $9B(AD2 9B2 CA2 (!4"9!1D9C14B2 4%2 "9B&1B(E2 9'A2 !A2 CA2 84!1$769&A5D2 C42 %456!9CA2 "ACCA52 84!1$1AD2 %452 CA2 $5$19!2 54!A2 4%2 "9B&2 5A(!9C14B2 9B2 D8A5'1D14B+22

F4!1$72 1D$DD14BD2 D9!!72 %4$D2 4B2 C5AA2 1DDAD2 #1C2 5AD8A$C2 C42 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2 C9C2 6DC2 "A2 95ADDA21B2ADC9"!1D1B(29B2691BC91B1B(2A%%A$C1'A2D8A5'1D14B2#1$21B$!AD52CA2DC5$C5A24%2 "9B&1B(2D8A5'1D14BE2CA2D$48A24%2D8A5'1D14BE29B2CA21BA8ABAB$A24%2D8A5'1D14B20-95C2AC29!+2 2+2A2%15DC21DDAD2#1C25AD8A$C2C42CA2DC5$C5A24%2"9B&2D8A5'1D14B295A2#ACA52CA5A2D4!2 "A2 92 D1B(!A2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D4572 9C451C7E2 452 6!C18!A2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D45DE2 9B2 #ACA52 CA2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2D4!28!9729254!A21B2"9B&2D8A5'1D14B+2A2D$48A24%2D8A5'1D14B21D29B4CA5216845C9BC21DDA2 #ACA52 CA5A2 D4!2 "A2 92 D1B(!A2 9C451C72 C42 5A(!9CA2 9B2 D8A5'1DA2 "549A52 D$48A2 4%2 %1B9B$19!2 DA5'1$A2D$29D2"9B&1B(E2DA$51C1ADE28ABD14B2%BDE29B21BD59B$A+231B9!!7E2CA21BA8ABAB$A21DDA2 $4B$A5BD2 1BC42 CA2 A(5AA2 #ACA52 D8A5'1D4572 9C451C72 $9B2 69&A2 A$1D14BD2 9B2 C9&A2 9$C14BD2 #1C4C21BCA5'ABC14B24%284!1C1$9!2854$ADD29B269B9(A2C42DA!%2%B2CA1529$C1'1C7+2

A2 95(6ABC2 %452 D1B(!A2 D8A5'1D4572 452 6!C18!A2 D8A5'1D4572 9B2 #ACA52 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 D4!2 8!972CA254!A24%2"9B&2D8A5'1D14B2$9B2"A2%4B2"C2B4C2!161CA21B2J4495C20229B2-95C2AC2 9!+202+24DA2#42D8845C2C425A64'A2D8A5'1D14B2%5462$ABC59!2"9B&29B2$5A9CA21BA8ABAB$A2 1BDC1CC14B2 95(A2 C9C2 1C2 #4!2 9'412 $4B%!1$CD2 4%2 1BCA5ADC2 "AC#AAB2 D8A5'1D4572 5AD84BD1"1!1C1ADE2 64BAC9572 84!1$72 %B$C14B2 C42 DC9"1!1DA2 851$A2 9B2 %1B9B$19!2 D7DCA6+2 A2 1B$5A9D1B(2 1BCA(59C14B2 "AC#AAB2 "9B&2 9B2 B4B"9B&2 %1B9B$19!2 %156D2 9!D42 5(A2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 C42 C59BD%A52 CA152 D8A5'1D4572 5AD84BD1"1!1C72 "A$9DA2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 64DC!72 %961!1952 #1C2 $466A5$19!2 "9B&+2 ,1!A2 CA2 DC54B(ADC2 95(6ABC2 %452 4BA2 D8A5'1D452 BA52 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 1D2 CA2 9'9BC9(A2 4%2 (9CA51B(2 %15DC9B2 1B%4569C14B21B245A52C421ABC1%729B25AD84B2C429B72854"!A621B2"9B&1B(2DA$C452AD8A$19!!721B2$5A1C2 $5B$2 452 $51D1D+2 CBA2 D8A5'1D452 BA52 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 #1!!2 9!D42 A!82 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 C42 "ACCA52 168!A6ABC2 CA2 !ABA52 4%2 !9DC2 5AD45C2 %B$C14BD+2 4#A'A5E2 CA2 !9CCA52 95(6ABC2 #9D2 $51C1$1DA2 "72 J4495C2 022 "A$9DA2 $ABC59!2 "9B&E2 4CA52 D8A5'1D45E2 9B2 %1B9B$A2 61B1DC51AD2 9'A2 1B'ADCA2 A%%45C2C4269&A2D5A2$4451B9C14B29B2$448A59C14B21B21B%4569C14B2D951B(2$9B2#45&28548A5!7+2

(18)

92 -A%45A2 5A$ABC2 %1B9B$19!2 $51D1D2 1B2 ;48E2 CA2 95(6ABC2 %452 1BA8ABABC2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D452 4CD1A2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 9D2 (91B1B(2 '9DC2 D8845C+2 A2 ADC9"!1D6ABC2 4%2 -51C1DED2 31B9B$19!2 A5'1$A2 C451C72 0322 1B2 @@;4@@82 695&2 CA2 DA514D2 9$C14B2 9B2 (1'AD2 A 968!A2 4%2 64'1B(2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2%B$C14B2%5462$ABC59!2"9B&2C42BA#21BA8ABABC29C451C7+231(5A2+24#2CA2C5AB24%2 1BA8ABABC2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D45D2 %5462 @@82 42 2 #1$2 D4#2 1B$5A9D1B(2 B6"A52 9%CA52 CA2 ADC9"!1D6ABC24%2329B25A9$21CD28A9&24B2;+24#A'A529%CA52%1B9B$19!2$51D1DE2CA295(6ABCD2 C5BA2 8D1A2 4#B2 C9C2 #1C4C2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 1B'4!'A6ABC2 1B2 D8A5'1D14B2 9B2 5A(!9C14B2 4%2 "9B&1B(29B2%1B9B$19!2D7DCA6E2!1?11C729B2%1B9B$19!21BDC9"1!1C724$$5D2"A$9DA2$ABC59!2"9B&24AD2 B4C2 84DDADD2 84C449CA2 1B%4569C14B2 4B2 CA2 $4B1C14B2 4%2 CA2 "9B&D2 0)1$AB(5AAB2 9B2 1B$A5E2 2+2 B2 %9$CE2 CA2 9C451C72 C42 D8A5'1DA2 "9B&2 1D2 5AC5BA2 %5462 32 C42 -9B&2 4%2 )B(!9B2 1B2 42#1!A232DC95C2C42%4$D24B2$4BD6A52854CA$C14B203A559B22+2 31(5A2+295A24%2BA8ABABC2-9B&28A5'1D45D29B2*ABC59!2-9B&28A5'1D45D+2 2 222222245$A52)1$AB(5AAB29B21B$A52022 22 2

(19)

<2 A2 64DC2 5A$ABC2 B4C9"!A2 DC72 1B2 CA2 DC5$C5A2 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2 1D2 )1$AB(5AAB2 9B2 1B$A52 02+2A729DDA6"!A29C924B2CA2DC5$C5A24%2"9B&2D8A5'1D14B29D269B729D2<2$4BC51AD2%452CA2 8A5142 @@8412 1B2 45A52 C42 BA5DC9B2 CA2 $41$A2 4%2 D8A5'1D4572 DC5$C5A2 9B2 1CD2 A%%A$C2 4B2 %1B9B$19!2 '9519"!AD+2 A2 691B2 5AD!C2 4%2 CA152 898A52 1D2 C9C2 $4BC51AD2 #1C2 CA2 85ADAB$A2 4%2 1BA8ABABC2D8A5'1D14B2!4$9CA24CD1A2CA2$ABC59!2"9B&21D29DD4$19CA2#1C2%A#A52B4B8A5%4561B(2 !49BD2 9D2 92 D95A2 4%2 JFE2 CA2 "9B&1B(2 D7DCA62 5A?15A2 C42 4!2 !ADD2 $981C9!2 9(91BDC2 9DDACE2 1(A52 A84D1C259CAE29B2C9C2C4DA2$4BC51AD295A2!ADD2854BA2C42D7DCA61$2"9B&1B(2$51D1D+2

2

(20)

72

C324D77323736742C88 8!"7

"89ABC5A$4A3AEF56A

A29C9DAC2DA21B2C1D2DC721D2$4681!A2%5462C5AA2691B2D45$AD52022,-)24CA22,45!2 -D1BADD2 )B'154B6ABC2 5'A742 "5492 !A'A!2 9C92 %5462 4'A52 @+2 %15692 1B2 82 $4BC51ADK2 022 CA2 -95C2 AC2 9!+2 0122 9C9DAC2 4B2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2 9B2 5A(!9C14B2 1B2 72 $4BC51ADK2 0922 ,45!2 A'A!486ABC2B1$9C45D2%45269$5421B1$9C45D21B2CA2C59BD1C14B2A$4B461AD+22

D2D66951DA21B2-A$&2AC29!+201229B2-95C2AC29!+20@2E2CA5A295A2C5AA29'9BC9(AD21B2D1B(2 CA2 ,-)2 9C92 C42 DC72 "9B&2 $4558C14B+2 315DCE2 1C2 854'1AD2 15A$C2 1B%4569C14B2 4B2 CA2 A(5AA2 C42 #1$2%156D28A5$A1'A2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(2C42"A29B24"DC9$!A+2A$4BE2CA2D5'A7A2%156D2'95721B2 D1DAE2 4#BA5D182 0"4C2 8"!1$2 9B2 851'9CA2E2 1BDC519!2 DA$C45E2 9B2 45(9B1D9C14B9!2 DC5$C5A+2 B2 895C1$!95E2 CA2 9C9DAC2 $4'A5D2 92 !95(A2 854845C14B2 4%2 D69!!42 9B2 6A164D1DA2 851'9CA2 ABCA5851DADE2 #A5A9D264DC24CA52$54DD4$4BC572DC1AD2%4$D2A $!D1'A!724B2!95(AE28"!1$!72!1DCA2%156D+215E2 CA2%1564!A'A!2D5'A729C929!!4#2D2C42$4BC54!2%452%1564D8A$1%1$2$959$CA51DC1$D29B2AB$A2C4259#2 988548519CA21B%A5AB$AD29"4C2CA25A!9C14BD18D2"AC#AAB26A1924#BA5D18E2$4B$ABC59C14B29B2"9B&2 $4558C14B+2 B245A52C42D7B$54B1DA2CA29C9DACE2#A2$44DA2C42DA2$4BC574!A'A!29C92%5462<2"A$9DA264DC2 4%29C92#1$2C9&AB2%5462-95C2AC29!2012295A2%5462<29B29!D42"72D1B(2C1D2D8A$1%1$27A95D2 #A2 $9B2 9'412 CA2 "19D2 %5462 )548A9B2 A"C2 $51D1D2 1B2 CA2 5A$ABC2 7A95D2 #1$2 $9B2 "A2 $4BD1A5A2 (A!729%%A$C2452$4BC572D968!AD2AD8A$19!!721B2)9DCA5B2)548A+2

3452CA259B(A24%29C9DACE29%CA52#A2D7B$54B1DA2C5AA21%%A5ABC29'91!9"!A29C9DACE2#A29'A2954B2 2 4"DA5'9C14BD2 %5462 2 C59BD1C14B2 $4BC51AD2 4%2 )9DCA5B2 )548A2 9B2 *ABC59!2 D19+2 *4BC51AD2 C9C2 #1!!2 "A2 $4'A5A2 4B2 C1D2 DC72 95A52 !"9B19E2 56AB19E2 DA5"91>9BE2 -A!95DE2 -4DB194 A5DA(4'1B9E2 -!(9519E2 *549C19E2 *DA$2 6A8"!1$E2 )DC4B19E2 B(957E2 .9D9&DC9BE2 .75(7DDC9BE2 /1C9B19E234!4'9E2F4!9BE26469B19E26DD19E2!4'9&19E2!4'AB19E25&A7E29B2&591BA+2222

(21)

12

"87A%54C222A

429DDADD2CA21689$C24%2"9B&2D8A5'1D4572988549$AD29B2DC5$C5AD24B2CA2A(5AA24%2$4558C14B2 1B2 "9B&4%156D2 5A!9C14BD2 #1!A2 $4BC54!!1B(2 %452 %1564D8A$1%1$2 9B2 $4BC574D8A$1%1$2 %9$C45DE2 #A2 ADC169CA25A(5ADD14BD24%2CA2%4!!4#1B(2CA5652

1234567889ABC73 D

E F 2C85673B87* F 9&9A8C 7845/7,8F 9/8C2B5"73CB78C3F

F62&B89$B9857#5&9A8C 78F <2=>?@A@B@AC>DE5FBDEA@G;F :2"2$875673B87* HF 1222 0722

A2 >2 9B2 &2 D"D$518CD2 1B1$9CA2 %1562 9B2 $4BC57E2 5AD8A$C1'A!7+2 31562 $4BC54!D2 $4BC91B2 A'A572 '9519"!A2%5462,-)2#1$29D25A!9C14B2#1C2CA2A8ABABC2'9519"!A2%4!!4#1B(2-A$&2AC29!2012+2 8A5'1D457284#A529B2851'9CA264B1C451B(25A85ADABCD2"9B&25A(!9C45729B2D8A5'1D45721B1$9C45D2 1B2$4BC57+2C5$C5A24%28A5'1D4521D2CA26672'9519"!A2%452CA248C14B2C42$44DA2$ABC59!2"9B&2 9D2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D452 9B2 C42 6A9D5A2 CA2 A(5AA2 4%2 1BA8ABAB$A2 %452 "9B&2 D8A5'1D45+2 BDC1CC14B2 L9!1C72'9519"!AD2#A5A2C9&AB2%5462.9%%69BB2AC29!+201229D2$4BC54!2'9519"!AD+239$542*4BC54!D2 $4BC91BD2 '9514D2 '9519"!AD2 #1$2 6A9D5A2 A$4B461$DE2 "9B&1B(E2 9B2 %1B9B$19!2 8A5%4569B$A2 4%2 92 $4BC57+2AC91!A2A 8!9B9C14BD24B2CADA2(548D24%2'9519"!A2#1!!2"A2A!1'A5A2!9CA524B2C1D2895C+2222 B!1&A2 CA2 BA5!71B(2 '9519"!AE2 CA2 4"DA5'A2 A8ABABC2 '9519"!AE2 1234567889ABC73E2 1D2

84!7$4C464D2 '9519"!A2 #1C2 92 B9C59!2 45A5+2 8A$1%1$9!!7E2 92 %1562 $!9DD1%1AD2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2 1BC42<2$9CA(451ADE2#1C292C5AD4!289596ACA5DE2M+2*4BD1A51B(2CA2B9C5A24%2$54DD4DA$C14B2"A9'14524B2 4529C9DACE2#A2CA5A%45A2DA2CA245A5A2854"1C204854"1C2264A!2C42ADC169CA2CA2M489596ACA5D2C4(ACA52 #1C2 CA2 5A(5ADD14B2 $4A%%1$1ABCD2 D16!C9BA4D!7+2 4#A'A5E2 1C2 1D2 16845C9BC2 C42 &AA82 1B2 61B2 C9C2 CA2 69(B1CA24%2CA245A5A2854"1C2$4A%%1$1ABCD2$9BB4C2"A21BCA585ACA29D2695(1B9!2A%%A$CD24%2924BA4B1C2 1B$5A9DA21B2CA21BA8ABABC2'9519"!A24B2CA2A8ABABC2'9519"!AE2(1'AB2CA2B4B4!1BA952DC5$C5A24%2 CA2 64A!E2 9!C4(2 CA2 D1(B2 9B2 DC9C1DC1$9!2 D1(B1%1$9B$A2 4%2 CA2 $4A%%1$1ABCD2 95A2 D161!952 C42 5A(5ADD14B21BCA585AC9C14B+2

42 9'412 AB4(ABA1C72 854"!A6E2 %452 A 968!A2 $9DA2 "72 DC54B(2 $455A!9C14B2 "AC#AAB2 2345 EAA78CE359D2A8ABABC2'9519"!A29B2D789ABCDEA58E9A59D21BA8ABABC2'9519"!A2C9C2#1!!269&A2 CA2 5AD!C2 "19D2 A2 C42 6!C1$4!!1BA951C7+2 ,A2 %15DC2 $A$&2 CA2 $455A!9C14B2 "AC#AAB2 '9519"!AD2 D1B(2 8915#1DA2$455A!9C14B26AC429B2CA25AD!C2$9B2"A2DAAB21B2C9"!A2-2%452%1562!A'A!29C929B2C9"!A2

(22)

;2 *2 %452 $4BC572 !A'A!2 9C9+2 B2 "4C2 C9"!AE2 64DC2 '9519"!AD2 9'A2 #A9&2 $455A!9C14B2 A $A8C2 C#42 '9519"!AD2#1$26A9D5A21BDC1CC14B9!2?9!1C7+54#A'A5E2D1B$A2"4C2'9519"!AD212B4C29'A2DC54B(2 $455A!9C14B2 #1C2 A8ABABC2 '9519"!A2 9B2 9B4CA52 16845C9BC2 1BA8ABABC2 '9519"!A2 D$2 9D2 CA2 DC5$C5A24%2"9B&2D8A5'1D14B29B2D8A5'1D457284#A5E2#A2DC1!!2$9B29DD6A2C9C24525AD!C212B4C2 "19D2"A$9DA24%2C1D2$455A!9C14B2854"!A6+22 C9C92'A5D14B22#9D2DA21B2C1D2DC72C428A5%4562A$4B46AC51$2D16!9C14B++2 "8"A&#56A ##7$36%78DDB2F867 A2A8ABABC2'9519"!A21B2C1D29B9!7D1D21D2CA26A9D5A24%2"9B&2$4558C14B+2,A2%4!!4#2CA2#45&24%2 -A$&2 AC2 9!+2 012E2 -95C2 AC2 9!+2 0@2E2 9B2 4DC4B2 AC2 9!+2 022 C42 $4BDC5$C2 CA2 6A9D5A2 4%2 $4558C14B2D1B(29C92%5462,-)+28A$1%1$9!!7E21C21D2"9DA24B2CA2&A72?ADC14B2$4B$A5B1B(2"9B&2 $4558C14B21B2CA2D5'A7+2A2?ADC14B2C9&AD2CA2%4!!4#1B(2%45652FD2$4558C14B24%2"9B&24%%1$19!D2 9B2 4"DC9$!A2 %452 CA2 48A59C14B2 9B2 (54#C2 4%2 7452 "D1BADDGH2 BD#A5D2 6972 '9572 "AC#AAB2 2 0B42 4"DC9$!A2E2 2 092 61B452 4"DC9$!A2E2 92 092 64A59CA2 4"DC9$!A22 9B2 <2 092 69>452 4"DC9$!A2+2 A5A%45AE2 92 1(A52'9!A21B1$9CAD2645A2DA'A5A2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2

,A2 $4BD1A52 C1D2 '9519"!A2 9D2 CA2 "ADC2 854 72 C42 ADC169CA2 CA2 A(5AA2 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2 9C2 !A9DC2 %452 C5AA2 5A9D4BD+2 315DCE2 C1D2 '9519"!A2 $9B2 A 8!91B2 15A$C!72 CA2 A(5AA2 4%2 854"!A62 %9$A2 "72 %156D2 #AB2 CA72 9'A2 C42 A9!2 #1C2 $4558C2 "9B&2 4%%1$19!D+2 B2 4CA52 #45DE2 C1D2 '9519"!A2 D8A$1%1$9!!72 A 8!91B2 9"4C2 $4558C14B2 1B2 "9B&1B(2 DA$C452 #1!A2 64DC2 9C92 D45$A2 B4569!!72 95ADD1B(2645A2(ABA59!2$4558C14B2!A'A!2AD8A$19!!721B2(4'A5B6ABC21BDC1CC14BD+2A264DC25A$ABC2 9C9DAC2 $4!!A$CA2 "72 A2 ,45!2 -9B&2 D$2 9D2 -D1BADD2 )BCA5851DA2 5'A72 452 A2 -D1BADD2 )B'154B6ABC29B2)BCA5851DA2FA5%4569B$A25'A720-))F221B$!A2$4558C2"9B&24%%1$19!D29D24BA2 4"DC9$!A2 C42 4"C91B2 %1B9B$A2 4CA52 C9B2 $4!!9CA59!E2 1BCA5ADC2 59CAE2 !AB(C72 854$A5A2 C42 4"C91B2 !49BE2 9B2 854"!A62 1B2 $4BC59$C+2 4#A'A52 D1B(2 C1D2 &1B2 4%2 '9519"!A2 69&A2 1C2 1%%1$!C2 C42 6A9D5A2 CA2 A(5AA24%2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(2"A$9DA2#A2BAA2C42$5A9CA2#A9&A52?9!1C9C1'A2'9519"!A2#1C2'9!A2 2 1C2 4"DC9$!A2 95A2 $4558C2 "9B&2 4%%1$19!D2 9B2 2 %452 4CA52 4"DC9$!A+2 A5A%45A2 D1B(2 CA2 -9B&2 *4558C14B2'9519"!A2%5462,-)29D2(9'A2D2DC54B(2DC9B29D292"ADC2854 72C426A9D5A2$4558C14B2 1B2!AB1B(+2222222222

(23)

82 A$4B2 5A9D4B2 #72 #A2 $44DA2 C1D2 '9519"!A2 1D2 "A$9DA2 #A2 "A!1A'A2 C9C2 DA!%45A845CA2 9C92 5AD!CA2 %5462D5'A729'A2!ADD2"19D21B25AD!C29!C4(2#A2$9B24B!725A!724B2CA21B%4569C14B2854'1A2"72%156D2 A2C421%%1$!C1AD2C424"C91B2A 9$C2'9!A24%2$4558C14B2!A'A!21B2"9B&1B(2DA$C45+22-A$&2AC29!+201229!D42 (1'A2AC91!A2A 8!9B9C14B2%452#72CA72"A!1A'A2C9C2CADA2DA!%45A845CA29C9295A2B4C2"19D1B(2CA25AD!CD2 1B2%9'4524%2CA152%1B1B(D+2A7295(A2C9C21%292%1562%9$1B(2CA2D96A24"DC9$!AD25AD84BD2C42?ADC14BD2 1%%A5ABC!72 1B2 1%%A5ABC2 1BDC1CC14B9!2 AB'154B6ABCDE2 CABE2 C42 CA2 A CABC2 C9C2 C1D2 5A85ADABCD2 85A2 6A9D5A6ABC2 A5545E2 1C2 #4!2 "19D2 CA2 5AD!CD2 22C3D5 %1B1B(2 92 D1(B1%1$9BC2 5A!9C14BD182 "AC#AAB2 $468AC1C14BE2 1B%4569C14B2 D951B(2 9B2 %1562 %1B9B$1B(2 4"DC9$!AD+2 /AB1B(2 %5CA52 D8845C2 C42 CA152 95(6ABCE2-A$&2AC29!+201224"C91B2CA2D96A2&A725AD!CD2A'AB29%CA52$4BC54!!1B(2 %45292#1A259B(A24%2 $4BC574D8A$1%1$2C591CD+22

31B9!!7E2 A 1DC1B(2 898A5D2 D1B(2 CA2 D96A2 9C9"9DA2 D4#2 C9C2 %156DE2 5AD84BDAD2 C42 CA2 D5'A72 4B2 %1B9B$1B(24"DC9$!AD295A2$98C51B(2645A2C9B2114D7B$59C1$21%%A5AB$AD21B24#2%156D259B&24"DC9$!ADK2CA2 D5'A729C9295A29DD4$19CA2#1C26A9D59"!A24C$46AD21B2CA56D24%2A%%1$1AB$724%21B'ADC6ABC2%!4#DE2%1562 (54#CE2$4558C14B29B28548A5C7251(CDE29D2D4#B21B2DA'A59!25A$ABC29B21B%!ABC19!2DC1AD20DAA2-95C2 AC29!+E2@2%452925A'1A#29B21D$DD14B2+2/1&A#1DAE2-A$&E2A615($4.BC29B2FA51920;22D4#2C9C2 9$54DD2 $4BC51ADE2 9B2 4">A$C1'A2 6A9D5A2 4%2 CA2 A(5AA2 4%2 9$$ADD2 C42 9B2 DA2 4%2 "9B&1B(2 DA5'1$AD2 1D2 $!4DA!725A!9CA2C42CA2,-)26A9D5A24%2%1562%1B9B$1B(24"DC9$!AD+222

##7&C4712DB2BD4E7897$36%71B4DFE8D7

,A2%4!!4#2)1$AB(5AAB29B21B$AB2022C42"1!2A8ABABC2'9519"!A24B2CA2DC5$C5A24%2"9B&2 D8A5'1D45+2 A2 DC5$C5A2 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2 $9B2 "A2 ACA561BA2 #ACA52 452 B4C2 D8A5'1D4572 5AD84BD1"1!1C72 5ADCD2 851B$189!!72 #1C2 CA2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 9B2 CA2 1BA8ABAB$72 4%2 CA2 D8A5'1D4572 9(AB$721CDA!%+22

,A26A9D5A2CA2%15DC2$9CA(4572"72D1B(26672'9519"!A2#1C2'9!A221%2CA2D8A5'1D4521D2$ABC59!2 "9B&2 9B2 2 4CA5#1DA+2 ,1!A2 C42 6A9D5A2 CA2 A(5AA2 4%2 1BA8ABAB$7E2 #A2 %4!!4#2 -95C2 AC2 9!+2 0122#1$269&A2C5AA2$9CA(451AD22%452!4#21BA8ABAB$7E22%4526A1621BA8ABAB$7E29B292 %4521(21BA8ABAB$7+222

242$4!!A$C2CA29C9E2#A2C572C42A 961BA2$ABC59!2"9B&2#A"D1CADE2#1$21B1$9CA2#ACA52452B4C2CA2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 1D2 $95(A2 #1C2 D$2 5AD84BD1"1!1C1AD+2 ,A2 9!D42 $54DD2 $A$&A2 CA2 5AD!C1B(2

(24)

@2 1B%4569C14B2 #1C2 1BA8ABABC2 AD$518C14BD2 4B2 CA2 #A"D1CA2 4%2 CA2 -9B&2 %452 BCA5B9C14B9!2 ACC!A6ABCD29B239D$19BA54E2L1BC7B29B297!452082+22

2

##7$36%71B4DFEF867367'DF324786F28DF6!7

-A$&2AC29!+20122A 961BA2CA254!A2C9C2"9B&2D8A5'1D14B28!97D21B2$46"9C1B(2!AB1B(2$4558C14B+2 A72 %1B2C9C2DC5AB(CAB1B(2C591C14B9!24%%1$19!2D8A5'1D14B24AD2B4C29'A29284D1C1'A21689$C24B2 CA2 1BCA(51C72 4%2 "9B&2 !AB1B(E2 "C2 1BDCA9E2 92 D8A5'1D4572 DC59CA(72 C9C2 %4$DAD2 4B2 A684#A51B(2 851'9CA2 64B1C451B(2 4%2 "9B&D2 C54(2 CA2 1D$!4D5A2 4%2 9$$59CA2 9B2 C16A!72 1B%4569C14B2 5A$AD2 !AB1B(2$4558C14B+22

CC25 6789ABCDEA5 E9A5 1D2 $4BDC5$CA2 %5462 92 DA51AD2 4%2 6672 '9519"!AD2 C9C2 1B1$9CA2 #ACA52"9B&2D8A5'1D45D2$9B2C9&A2D8A$1%1$29$C14BD29(91BDC2"9B&269B9(A6ABCE2"9B&24#BA5DE29B2 "9B&291C45D2"4C21B2B4569!2C16AD29B2C16AD24%21DC5ADD+21D26A9D5A21B$!AD21B%4569C14B24B2 #ACA52CA2D8A5'1D45729(AB$72$9B2%45$A292"9B&2C42$9B(A21CD21BCA5B9!245(9B1D9C14B9!2DC5$C5AE2 DD8AB2 1'1ABDE2 DC482 "4BDADE2 9!C2 69B9(A6ABC2 %AADE2 %45$A2 "9B&D2 C42 $4BDC1CCA2 854'1D14BD2 9(91BDC2 9$C9!2 452 84CABC19!2 !4DDAD2 9D2 ACA561BA2 "72 CA2 D8A5'1D4572 9(AB$7E2 D8A5DAA2 CA2 !A(9!2 51(CD2 4%2 D95A4!A5DE2 5A64'A2 9B2 5A8!9$A2 69B9(A5D2 9B2 15A$C45DE2 4"C91B2 1B%4569C14B2 %5462 A CA5B9!2 91C45DE2 9B2 C9&A2 !A(9!2 9$C14B2 9(91BDC2 91C45D2 %452 BA(!1(AB$A+2 2 1(2 '9!A2 4%2 C1D2 6A9D5A21B1$9CAD2#1A529B2DC54B(A529C451C72%452"9B&2D8A5'1D45D+22

ACB295E3CEAC321D2CA2851B$189!2$4684BABC21B1$9C4524%2B1BA26672'9519"!AD2C9C26A9D5A2 #ACA52"9B&24%%1$19!D295A2!A(9!!72!19"!A2%452CA29$$59$724%21D$!4DA21B%4569C14BK2#ACA52"9B&D2 1D$!4DA2 1B%4569C14B2 D$2 9D2 $4BD4!19CA2 9$$4BCDE2 4%%4"9!9B$A2 DAAC2 1CA6DE2 9$$5AE2 B8912 1BCA5ADCN851B$189!2 4%2 B4B48A5%4561B(2 !49B2 9BN452 51D&2 69B9(A6ABC2 854$A5A2 C42 CA2 8"!1$K2 #ACA52"9B&D26DC2"A291CA2"72$A5C1%1A21BCA5B9C14B9!291C45DK2#ACA52!95(ADC22"9B&D295A2 59CA2 "72 1BCA5B9C14B9!2 9B2 46ADC1$2 59C1B(2 9(AB$1ADK2 #ACA52 D"451B9CA2 A"C2 1D2 9!!4#9"!A2 9D2 895C24%2$981C9!E29B2#ACA52CA5A21D2B42A 8!1$1C2A84D1C21BD59B$A2D7DCA62 9B2B421BD59B$A2#9D2 8912CA2!9DC2C16A292"9B&2%91!A+221(2'9!A24%2C1D26A9D5A21B1$9CAD2645A2C44!D29B21B$ABC1'AD2 %452851'9CA2"9B&2$5A1C45D2C4264B1C452"9B&D+2

(25)

2

##(7)FD57C3D324DFE2FE7367862D8 E7

-95C2 AC2 9!+2 0@22 %1B2 C9C2 4#BA5D182 DC5$C5A2 4%2 CA2 %1562 1D2 9DD4$19CA2 #1C2 CA2 A 1DCAB$A2 4%2 "51"A5728976ABCD+2 34!!4#1B(2C9C295(6ABCE2#A2 1B$!A2C#421BA8ABABC26672'9519"!AD2C9C2 1ABC1%7292%156ED24#BA5D182C78A+2EB9A3935A?9!D221%29B72(4'A5B6ABC29(AB$72452DC9CA2"472 9D292%1B9B$19!2DC9&A21B2CA24#BA5D1824%292%156E29B224CA5#1DA+2EA9C35A?9!D221%29B72%45A1(B2 1B'ADC4529D292%1B9B$19!2DC9&A21B2CA24#BA5D1824%292%156E224CA5#1DA+2

B2 91C14B2 "9DA2 4B2 -A$&2 AC2 9!2 012E2 #A2 9!D42 1B$!A2 DA'A59!2 4CA52 ABCA5851DA4!A'A!2 $4BC54!D+2 629D5 95A2 6A9D5A2 "72 CA2 B9C59!2 !4(951C62 4%2 C4C9!2 D9!AD+2 E89CEA5 1D2 CA2 B6"A52 4%2 $468AC1C45D21B2CA2%156ED2691B2"D1BADD2!1BAE2#A5A2'9!A221D2%452B42$468AC1C45E221%2CA5A295A292 452%A#A52$468AC1C45E29B2921%2CA2$468AC1C45D21B2CA2695&AC21D2645A2C9B29+2 !8EA9A51D2926672 '9519"!A2#1$2C9&AD24B292'9!A221%2CA2%1562A 845CDE29B224CA5#1DA+22

31B9!!7E2 #A2 DA2 939A25 C323C35 ED292 9D2 9B2 91C14B9!2 $4BC54!2 '9519"!A2 "9DA2 4B2 CA2 ?ADC14B29"4C2(ABA59!2481B14B26A9D51B(21%%1$!C1AD2C424"C91B2!49B2%5462"9B&D2#1C2'9!A22A2<2 #A5A2 1(A52 '9!A2 6A9BD2 1(A52 4"DC9$!A+2 D2 -A$&2 AC2 9!+2 0122 9B2 -95C2 AC2 9!+2 0@22 841BC2 4CE21B$458459C1B(2C1D291C14B9!2$4BC54!2'9519"!A2AB9"!AD2D2C42ADC9"!1D2C9C2CA2!1B&2#A2%1B21D2 #1C2$4558C14BE2B4C2#1C24'A59!!2$468!91BCD29"4C2CA2%1B9B$19!2DA$C45+222222 ##*76E2F2B2F863 7+B3 F2"7 D26ABC14BA2"A%45AE2CA2?9!1C724%21BDC1CC14B269728!972"1(254!A21B2ACA561B1B(2$4558C14B2!A'A!2 1B2D1B(!A2$4BC57+2/4#2!A'A!24%21BDC1CC14B2?9!1C7261(C2"A29DD4$19CA2#1C21(A5284DD1"1!1C724%2 $4558C14B21B$!1B(21B2"9B&1B(2DA$C45+2421C21D216845C9BC2C421B$!A2'9519"!AD2C9C2$9B26A9D5A2 CA2A(5AA24%21BDC1CC14B2?9!1C7+2426A9D5A2CA21BDC1CC14B9!2?9!1C7E2#A2DA2C#42'9519"!AD29D292 $4BC54!2%452%1564!A'A!2'9519"!AD29B2C#42645A2'9519"!AD29D292$4BC54!2%452$4BC572!A'A!2'9519"!AD+2 C5264A!2C572C4285A1$CD2C9C29B216854'A21BDC1CC14B9!2?9!1C72#1!!21D$459(A2"9B&4!AB1B(2$4558C14B2 3452%1564!A'A!2'9519"!ADE2#A292$4BC54!2'9519"!AD2#1$2$98C5A2CA28A5D8A$C1'A24%2CA2%156ED24B2 !9#2 9B2 (ABA59!2 %1B9B$1B(2 4"DC9$!A2 #1$2 C9&AB2 %5462 ,-)+2A2 %15DC2 '9519"!A2 1D2 "9DA2 4B2 92 ?ADC14B2C9C2 9D&D2 9"4C2 CA2 %915BADD29B216895C19!1C724%2 CA2 $45C2 D7DCA62 1B2 5AD4!'1B(2 "D1BADD2 1D8CAD2 0E7A5 2CA39DD2+2 A2 DA$4B2 '9519"!A2 1D2 "9DA2 4B2 92 ?ADC14B2 C9C2 9D&D2 9"4C2 CA2 AB%45$A9"1!1C72 4%2 92 $45CED2A$1D14B20"25 3EA9932+2A2D5'A724%%A5D25AD84BABCD2D1 2$41$AD5220BA'A52E220DA!462E292

(26)

2 0D46AC16AD2E2 <2 0%5A?ABC!72E2 72 0D9!!72E2 9B2 12 09!#97D2+2 2 !95(A52 B6"A52 5A85ADABCD2 92 "ACCA52 D7DCA62 1B2 CA56D24%2%915BADD29B2AB%45$A9"1!1C7+2

35CA5645AE2#A21B$!A292DA51AD24%24CA5284!1C1$9!29B21BDC1CC14B9!2?9!1C721BA AD2%5462,45!2 J4'A5B9B$A2 BA AD2 $4681!A2 "72 .9%69BB2 AC2 9!+2 0122 9D2 92 $A$&2 4B2 CA2 54"DCBADD2 4%2 CA2 5AD!CD+2A2,45!2J4'A5B9B$A2BA AD295A2$4BDC5$CA2"9DA24B2;121B1'19!2'9519"!AD2C9&AB2 %5462921%%A5ABC2D45$AD2854$A2"72721%%A5ABC245(9B1D9C14BD+2,A2DA2C#42691B21BA AD2C42 6A9D5A2 16ABD14BD2 4%2 (4'A5B9B$A2 9B2 1BDC1CC14B9!2 ?9!1C7+2 315DC2 1D2 (4'A5B6ABC2 A%%A$C1'ABADD2 #1C2 1(A52 '9!AD2 6A9B2 1(A52 ?9!1C72 4%2 8"!1$2 9B2 $1'1!2 DA5'1$A+2 A$4B2 1D2 5!A2 4%2 !9#2 #1C2 1(A52 '9!AD2 6A9B2 DC54B(A52 !9#2 9B2 45A5+2 9C92 %5462 <2 #A5A2 C9&AB2 %452 CADA2 1BDC1CC14B9!2 ?9!1C72'9519"!AD29B2AC91!A2A%1B1C14BD24%2CADA21BA AD2$9B2"A2%4B21B2988AB1 2+2

##,78B62D"-44 7862D8 7.3DF3 4E7

C52A68151$9!29B9!7D1D29!D421B$!AD2DA'A59!2$4BC574!A'A!2'9519"!AD2C42$4BC54!2%4521%%A5AB$AD21B2 A$4B461$2 A'A!486ABC2 9B2 1BDC1CC14BD2 9$54DD2 $4BC51AD+2 8A$1%1$9!!7E2 #A2 DA2 C5AA2 &1B2 4%2 $4BC54!2 %452 452 5AD!C2 9B2 9!!2 $4BC574!A'A!2 9C92 #A5A2 4"C91BA2 %5462 ,45!2 A'A!486ABC2 B1$9C45D2%5462A2,45!2-9B&29B2-95C2AC29!+2012+22

A2 %15DC2 4BA2 1D2 69$54A$4B461$2 A'A!486ABC2 $4BC54!D2 #1$2 $4BC91B2 C5AA2 '9519"!AD+2 315DCE2 1D2 A$4B461$2 AE#2 #1$2 6A9D5AD2 CA2 8A5%4569B$A2 4%2 A$4B461$D+2 A2 DA$4B2 '9519"!A2 1D2 C32CE359D28A5$ABC9(A2$9B(A21B2CA2$4BD6A52851$A21BA 2'9!A+2A2!9DC24BA21D5$589A528C25 9D2926A9D5A24%2#A9!C7+2,A2DA2!4(951C62%45621B245A52C429'4126A9D5A2B1C2854"!A62#1C2CA2 4CA52'9519"!AD+222

A$4BE2 #A2 DA2 C5AA2 '9519"!AD2 %452 $4BC54!D2 4%2 "9B&1B(2 D7DCA6+2 EB9A3935 2345 E39AD#C85 1D2 CA2%59$C14B24%2CA2"9B&1B(2D7DCA6ED29DDAC21B2"9B&D2C9C295A27B2452645A24#BA2"72(4'A5B6ABC+2 -9B&22AAC9A5E593A26A9D5A2CA2DC51B(AB$724%2ABC5725A?15A6ABCD21BC42"9B&1B(21BDC57+21D2 '9519"!A2 #A5A2 $4BDC5$CA2 4B2 CA2 "9D1D2 4%2 A1(C2 ?ADC14BD2 5A(951B(2 #ACA52 C78AD2 4%2 !A(9!2 D"61DD14BD2 95A2 5A?15A2 C42 4"C91B2 92 "9B&1B(2 !1$ABDAE2 #1C2 1(A52 '9!A2 1B1$9C1B(2 (5A9CA52 DC51B(AB$7+2 D2 9B2 91C14BE2 #A2 9!D42 1B$!A2 $466A5$19!2 "9B&D5 9B2 4CA52 93C35 C456A9D5AD2 (ABA59!2 !A'A!2 4%2 !AB1B(+2 C2 D4!2 "A2 B4CA2 C9C2 CA2 964BC2 4%2 !AB1B(2 A5A2 1D2 B4C2 4B!72 %452 854$C1'A2 !49BE2 1C2 9!D42 1B$!A2 $4BD6A52 !AB1B(2 9B2 4CA52 C78A2 4%2 !AB1B(+2 1(A52 93C35 '9!AD2 6A9B2 C9C2 CA2 "9B&1B(2D7DCA629D2$9BBA!1B(2645A2%B2C42CA2695&AC+2

(27)

2 C2 !9DCE2 #A2 DA2 59C142 4%2 DE45 A295 89A5 $2 C42 6A9D5A2 CA2 %1B9B$19!2 A'A!486ABC2 9B2 8A5%4569B$A24%2$4BC572#1$2#A29B9!7DA+2A9C589A5$59!D421B$!A29D2%1B9B$19!2$4BC54!2C42 D4#2 CA2 A9D1BADD2 4%2 4"C91B1B(2 $5A1C2 %452 851'9CA2 DA$C452 #1C2 1(A52 '9!AD2 6A9B2 %1562 9D2 5A!9C1'A!72A9D1A529$$ADD2C42"9B&2!49BD+222

ADA2 $4BC54!2 '9519"!AD2 #A5A2 DA2 1B2 45A52 C42 9'412 61D!A91B(2 $4B$!D14B2 A2 C42 84DD1"!A2 5A!9C14B2C9C292$4BC572#1C2"92A$4B461$E2"9B&1B(E29B2%1B9B$19!28A5%4569B$A2#1!!2CAB2C429'A2 1(A52 59CA2 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 -72 D1B(2 CADA2 '9519"!ADE2 #A2 A 8A$C2 C9C2 CA2 5AD!C2 4%2 452

(28)

92

C324D7(7/5FDF3 74EB 277

'89A3AF5623A3A12F423A3A533A A2%15DC2DCA821B2C1D29B9!7D1D21D2C429DDADD2CA21689$C24%2"9B&2D8A5'1D14B24B2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(E2 #A29DD6A2C9C2CA2%156ED2BA5!71B(25AD84BDA2$9B2"A2AD$51"A2"72CA2%4!!4#1B(2A?9C14B52 1234567889ABC73 D

E F 7833BF 78C3F A78B8F 67ABCB78 F !&2* F

9&9A8C 7845/7,8F 9/8C2B5"73CB78C3F <IDAJ5KCBJ@;HF <LDM5N>OCJPQRQ>@;HF

:87,B-HF :)3#*2BC73HF 12222 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0122

A2>29B2&2D"D$518CD21B1$9CA2%15629B2$4BC57E25AD8A$C1'A!7+22

A264DC216845C9BC2%1B1B(24%2C1D2895C2$9B2"A2DAAB21B29"!A22#AB2%4!!4#2CA2#45&24%2-A$&2AC2 9!+2 0122 C42 DAA2 CA2 5A!9C14B2 "AC#AAB2 D8A5'1D4572 84#A52 '1A#2 9B2 851'9CA2 64B1C451B(2 '1A#2 C42 $4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2A25AD!CD295A2$4BD1DCABC2#1C2-A$&2AC29!+2012E2-95C2AC29!+20@2E29B2 4DC4B2AC29!+2022C9C24%%1$19!26789ABCDEA5E9A51D284D1C1'A!729DD4$19CA2#1C2$4558C14B21B2 "9B&2!AB1B(2#1!A2ACB295%E3CEAC351D2BA(9C1'A!729DD4$19CA2#1C2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(5

A2 D8A5'1D4572 84#A52 '1A#2 85A1$C2 C9C2 645A2 84#A5%!2 D8A5'1D4572 9(AB$1AD2 $9B2 16854'A2 CA2 (4'A5B9B$A2 4%2 "9B&D2 9B2 CA5A"72 61B161DA2 CA2 A(5AA2 4%2 "9B&2 $4558C14B2 9D2 9B2 4"DC9$!A2 C42 591D1B(2 A CA5B9!2 %1B9B$A+2 -A$9DA2 #1C4C2 DC54B(2 D8A5'1D4572 84#A5E2 CA2 1B%4569C14B2 $4DCE2 C59BD9$C14B2$4DCE29B2(4'A5B6ABC284!1$1AD2#1!!2$5A9CA29B248845CB1C72C42"9B&24%%1$19!D2C429D&2%452 91C14B9!2%AA24525A$A1'A2"51"A2%546284CABC19!2"4554#A5D+22

*4BC59572#1C2C1D2'1A#E2D789ABCDEA58E9A59!#97D29D2D1(B1%1$9BC2'9!A2"C2BA'A52ABCA52BA(9C1'A2 D1(BD21B29B724%2CA25A(5ADD14BD+2C26A9BD2D8A5'1D452C9C29'A2CA284#A52C424'A5DAA29B21D$18!1BA2 "9B&D2 42 B4C2 !4#A52 CA2 A(5AA2 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+5 1D2 5AD!C2 9!D42 854'A2 C9C2 #AB2 D8A5'1D452 9D2 "1((A52 9C451C72 1C2 #1!!2 $5A9CA2 92 CABAB$72 %452 84!1C1$19BD2 452 "9B&D2 C42 $98C5A2 4%%1$19!2D8A5'1D452C429"DA2CA1529C451C721B2$9BBA!1B(2%BD2%5462"9B&D2C42$A5C91B2%156D2CD2 1BCABD1%71B(2CA2%1B9B$1B(24"DC9$!AD2%9$A2"72CA2%156+22

B2CA24CA529BE2%5462 9"!A22 #A2 %4B2C9C28ACB29&E3CEAC35'9519"!AD29D2BA(9C1'A2D1(BD2 9B2 D1(B1%1$9BC2 %452 9!!2 5A(5ADD14B2 5AD!C+2 1D2 5AD!C2 D8845C2 851'9CA2 A684#A56ABC2 '1A#2 9B2 1C2

(29)

<2 6A9BD2 C9C2 $4558C2 "9B&2 4%%1$19!D2 95A2 !ADD2 4%2 92 "9551A52 C42 591D1B(2 $981C9!2 1B2 $4BC51AD2 #A5A2 D8A5'1D4572 84!1$72 %45$A2 "9B&D2 C42 1D$!4DA2 9$$59CA2 1B%4569C14B2 9B2 (1'A2 851'9CA2 $5A1C45D2 CA2 988548519CA2 1B$ABC1'AD+2 345A4'A5E2 C1D2 1D2 B4C2 D8845C2 %452 2CDD9'(2CA92 "C2 C42 (1'A2 85ADD5A2 %452 D8A5'1D452C425(A2"9B&D2C421D$!4DA29$$59CA21B%4569C14B29B2(1'AD21B$ABC1'AD2C42851'9CA29(ABCD2 C4264B1C452"9B&D+2

A269$54A$4B461$2$4BC54!D2C9C2#A2DA21B2C1D2DAC24%25A(5ADD14B29!D42D4#2$4BD1DCABC25AD!C2#1C2 45285A1$C14B29D2$9B2"A2DAAB21B2C9"!A2+2AE#5'9519"!A29D2BA(9C1'A29B2D1(B1%1$9BC2$4A%%1$1ABCD2 1B2 9!!2 5A(5ADD14B+2 C2 6A9BD2 C9C2 92 $4BC572 #1C2 1(A52 A$4B461$2 (54#C2 #1!!2 A 8A51AB$A2 !4#A52 A(5AA2 4%2 "9B&2 $4558C14B+2 D2 %452 )32CE35 '9519"!AE2 #A2 %4B2 84D1C1'A2 9B2 1(!72 D1(B1%1$9BC2 $4A%%1$1ABCD21B29!!25A(5ADD14B+2C26A9BD2C9C292$4BC572#1C21(A52!A'A!24%21B%!9C14B2#1!!29!D42%9$A2 1(A52A(5AA24%2"9B&2$4558C14B+22255

35462C9"!A22#A29!D42$9B2A%1BA2CA25A!9C14B2"AC#AAB2%1564!A'A!2'9519"!AD2#1C2"9B&2$4558C14B+2 A2 $4A%%1$1ABC2 4%2 EB9A3935 39AD#C82 9D2 84D1C1'A2 9B2 DC9C1DC1$9!!72 D1(B1%1$9BC2 09C2 CA2 B2 !A'A!22 1B2 9!!2 64A!2 D8A$1%1$9C14B2 #1!A2 #A2 $9BEC2 %1B2 D1(B1%1$9BC2 $455A!9C14B2 "AC#AAB2 EA9C35 39AD#C82 9B2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 F4D1C1'A2 D1(B2 1B2 C1D2 '9519"!A2 6A9BD2 C9C2 1%2 CA2 %1562 B4C2 4#BA2"72(4'A5B6ABC2CA2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(21D2645A2!1&A!721(A5E2D421B2CA24CA52#45D2#A2 $9B2 D972 C9C2 (4'A5B6ABC44#BA2 %156D2 95A2 !ADD2 !1&A!72 C42 59CA2 "9B&2 $4558C14B2 9D2 9B2 4"DC9$!A2 C42 (54#C+2 ,A2 A 8A$C2 C9C2 1(2 !A'A!2 4%2 D1(B1%1$9B$A2 %452 (4'A5B6ABC44#BA2 %156D2 9'A2 645A2 (4'A5B6ABC2$4BBA$C14BDE2D4%C4"(AC2$4BDC591BCDE29B2DC54B(A52"95(91B1B(284#A52D%%A52!ADD2%5462 $4558C14B+2

A2 4CA5D2 %1562 $959$CA51DC1$D2 9!D42 9'A2 D46A2 1689$C2 4B2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 629D5 '9519"!A2 95A2B4C2$4BD1DCABC!729'A292BA(9C1'A29B2D1(B1%1$9BC25A!9C14B2C42$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2,A26972D972 C9C2 1(A52 964BC2 4%2 D9!AD2 #1!!2 A9DA2 CA2 %1562 %5462 %1B9B$1B(2 4"DC9$!A2 CD2 #1!!2 5A$A2 CA2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(E2 "C2 C1D2 A$C14B2 $9BB4C2 4!2 1B2 A'A572 $9DA+2 !8EAC35 %156D2 95A2 9DD4$19CA2#1C2!ADD2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(E29D21B1$9CA2"72CA284D1C1'A29B2DC9C1DC1$9!!72D1(B1%1$9BC2 $4A%%1$1ABCD21B29!!264A!2D8A$1%1$9C14BD+2%2CA2$4BC57212B4C2A 845C2CA152854$CE284D1C1'A2D1(B2 CA!!D2D2C9C2CA2$9B$A24%2A 1DCAB$A24%2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(2#4!2"A21(A5+24#A'A5E2#A242 B4C2%1B292D1(B1%1$9BC25A!9C14BD182"AC#AAB2%1562$468AC1C14B29B2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2

(30)

72 35CA5645AE2 C42 6A9D5A2 CA2 1BDC1CC14B9!2 ?9!1C72 1B2 CA2 %1562 !A'A!E2 #A2 9!D42 %4B2 $4BD1DCABC2 85A1$C14B2 %452 CA2 $4A%%1$1ABCD2 4%2 E7A5 2CA39DD5 9B2 "25 3EA9935 #C#5 95A2 84D1C1'A2 9B2 DC9C1DC1$9!!72 D1(B1%1$9BC+2 A2 5AD!C2 %452 CADA2 '9519"!AD2 1B1$9C1B(2 C9C2 !4#A52 !A'A!D2 4%2 !A(9!2 AB'154B6ABC29B2$4BC59$C2AB%45$A6ABC2#1!!21B$5A9DA2CA2CABAB$724%2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+22 31B9!!7E2 CA2 5AD!C2 1B2 C9"!A2 2 1D2 9!D42 $4BD1DCABC2 9%CA52 #A2 1B$!A2 $4BC54!2 '9519"!A2 939A25 C323C35 D29DE2 #1$2 A?9!D2 A9$2 %156ED2 5AD84BDA2 C42 CA2 ?ADC14B52 4#2 F54"!A69C1$2 1D2 %1B9B$1B(2 %452 CA2 48A59C14B2 9B2 (54#C2 4%2 7452 "D1BADDGH2 ,1!A2 1B$!1B(2 C1D2 %1564D8A$1%1$2 5AD84BDA269721B$A2D16!C9BA1C72"19D2"7291B(2CA21BA8ABABC2'9519"!A2C9C21D2928514512!1&A!72 C42"A21(!72$455A!9CA2 9B2$44ACA561BA2 #1C2CA2A8ABABC2'9519"!ADE2CA291624%291B(2C1D2 '9519"!A2 1D2 C42 5A$AD2 CA2 !1&A!1442 C9C2 5A845C1B(2 "19DAD2 452 1BCA585AC9C14B9!2 1%%A5AB$AD2 9$54DD2 %156D2C9C2A51'A25A!9C14B2"AC#AAB2"9B&2D8A5'1D4572988549$AD29B2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(2#1$2 895C2 4%2 4"DC9$!A2 1B2 %1B9B$1B(+2 D2 #A2 A 8A$CE2 C1D2 $4BC54!2 '9519"!A2 95A2 84D1C1'A!72 9DD4$19CA2 #1C2 $4558C14B21B2!AB1B(E29D21B1$9CA2"72 CA284D1C1'A29B2DC9C1DC1$9!!72D1(B1%1$9BC209C2CA2B2!A'A!22 $4A%%1$1ABCDE21B1$9C1B(2C9C2452%1B1B(21D2B4C2"19DA2"72$468!91BCD24%2%156269B9(A5D29"4C2CA2 4'A59!!2%1B9B$19!2$4BDC591BC+2222

'87ABC5A445A2A3AF562A3A12F423A3A533AA

B29"!A292#A292CA2DC5$C5A24%2D8A5'1D4521B2CA2"9DA!1BA264A!D+2D21D$DDA285A'14D!7E2#A2 A%1BA2 C#42 '9519"!AD2 C42 6A9D5A2 CA2 A(5AA2 4%2 DC5$C5A2 4%2 D8A5'1D45+2 315DC2 '9519"!A2 1D2 93A25 123452D56789ABCDEA59B2CA2DA$4B24BA21D2)39893935E5123456789ABCDEAF5AC91!A2A%1B1C14BD2 4%2CADA2'9519"!AD2$9B2"A2%4B21B2$98CA529+2A2$468!ACA2A68151$9!264A!2$9B2"A2A 85ADDA29D2 %4!!4#D55222

1234567889ABC73 D

E F 7833BF 78C3F A78B8F 67ABCB78 F !&2* F

9&9A8C 7845/7,8F 9/8C2B5"73CB78C3F <IDAJ5KCBJ@;HF <LDM5N>OCJPQRQ>@;HF

62&B89$B9857#5&9A8C 78

F :2"2$875673B87* HF 12222222 2 2 2 20;22

A2>29B2&2D"D$518CD21B1$9CA2%15629B2$4BC57E25AD8A$C1'A!7+22

42C1D2DAC2$4BC54!24%2'9519"!ADE2CA2%15DC25A(5ADD14B29D293A25123452D56789ABCDEAF59B2CA2DA$4B24BA2 9D2)39893935E5123456789ABCDEA5A2C1525A(5ADD14B29D2"4C2'9519"!AD2D16!C9BA4D!72 2

(31)

12 CBA24%2CA2691B2451(1B9!1C724%2C1D2898A521D2CA284DD1"1!1C72C42DAA2CA25A!9C14B2"AC#AAB2CA2DC5$C5A24%2"9B&2 D8A5'1D452 9B2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 A2 '9519"!A2 4%2 93A25 12345 2D5 6789ABCDEA5 D4#2 84D1C1'A2 9B2 $4BD1DCABC2 D1(B1%1$9BC2 $4A%%1$1ABCD2 1B2 A'A572 5A(5ADD14B2 5AD!C+2 1D2 84D1C1'A2 D1(B2 6A9BD2 C9C2 1%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D4521D2B4C2CA2$ABC59!2"9B&E2CA2A(5AA24%2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(2#1!!2"A21(A5+2A24CA52%1564!A'A!2 9B2$4BC574!A'A!2'9519"!AD295A2$4BD1DCABC2#1C2'9514D25AD!C2"C2#A2%4B2!4#A52D1(B1%1$9B$A2%452851'9CA2 64B1C451B(+22

,A2D((ADCD2C9C21%292$4BC57248C24C2CA2D8A5'1D4529C451C72%5462$ABC59!2"9B&E21C2CABD2C42(1'A21(A52 9C451C72 C42 D8A5'1D1B(2 "9B&2 9B2 5A$A2 CA2 1B$ABC1'AD2 %452 851'9CA2 9(ABCD2 C42 64B1C452 "9B&2 9$C1'1C1AD+2 A5A%45AE2 9!C4(2 (54#1B(2 C5AB2 D4#D2 1B$5A9D1B(2 B6"A52 4%2 $4BC572 C42 C59BD%A52 CA2 9C451C72 C42 D8A5'1DA2 "9B&2 %5462 $ABC59!2 "9B&E2 1C2 4ADBEC2 6A9BD2 CA2 4"DC9$!A2 1B2 %1B9B$1B(2 AD8A$19!!72 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(2 #1!!2 "A2 !4#A5+2 ADA2 5AD!CD2 1B2 C9"!A2 92 95A2 ?1CA2 $4BD1DCABC2 #1C2 452 85A1$C14B2 "9DA2 4B2 )1$AB(5AAB2 9B2 1B$A52 022 #1$2 $51C1$1DA2 95(6ABCD2 C9C2 D8845C2 CA2 9DD1(B6ABC2 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D4529C451C72C429(AB$72DA8959CA2%5462$ABC59!2"9B&+22222

B%45CB9CA!7E2 %5462 9"!A2 92 #A2 $9BEC2 %1B2 $!A952 95(6ABCD2 %452 1BA8ABAB$72 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D452 C9C2 D8845C2 452 85A1$C14B+2 -9DA2 4B2 )1$AB(5AAB2 9B2 1B$A52 02E2 B4B2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 1BA8ABABC2 D8A5'1D452#1!!29'A2!4#A52B4B8A5%4561B(2!49BDE2CA152"9B&D295A29"!A2C424!2!ADD2$981C9!29D2D95A24%29DDACE2 9B22CA152A84D1C259CAD295A21(A521B1$9C1B(2"ACCA525AC5BD2%452D9'A5D2#1$29!D421B1$9C1B(2!ADD2%1B9B$19!2 5A85ADD14B2 9B2 !ADD2 "9B&1B(4DA$C452 1BCA5'ABC14B2 "72 CA2 (4'A5B6ABC2 1B2 85D1C2 4%2 4CA52 4">A$C1'AD+2 42 1A9!!7E2 #A2 A 8A$C2 BA(9C1'A2 9B2 D1(B1%1$9BC2 $4A%%1$1ABC2 %5462 C1D2 '9519"!A2 4B2 1BA8ABAB$72 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D45+22

4#A'A5E21B29"!A292CA2$4A%%1$1ABCD21D284D1C1'A29B2B4C2D1(B1%1$9BC21B2CA2DA$4B25A(5ADD14B29B2C5B2C42"A2 BA(9C1'A2 9B2 D1(B1%1$9BC2 1B2 CA2 C152 5A(5ADD14B2 #AB2 #A2 92 "4C2 '9519"!AD2 4%2 CA2 DC5$C5A2 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D452C4(ACA5+2A2C1525A(5ADD14B26A9BD2C9CE21(A521BA8ABAB$724%2"9B&2D8A5'1D452#1!!25A$A2 CA2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(21%2#A21B$!A2$4BC54!24%2"9B&2$ABC59!29D2D8A5'1D45+2-C29(91BE2#A29'A2854"!A6D2 C9C21B2C1D2C1525A(5ADD14B2CA2$4A%%1$1ABC2%452851'9CA264B1C451B(21D2B4C2D1(B1%1$9BC+2A5A%45A21C21D2952C42 69&A2$4B$!D14B2%452CA25A!9C14B24%21BA8ABAB$724%2"9B&2D8A5'1D452C42$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2 '8"A(2335A)54A*AD3454236AB5E6A !C4(2%45264DC24%2CA25AD!C2#A29'A2$!A9521BCA585AC9C14BE2#A2BAA2C42"A2$95A%!2"A$9DA2CA5A2 95A2CABAB$724%2B4B!1BA9525A!9C14BD1829B2AB4(ABA1C72"AC#AAB2CA2DC5$C5A24%2"9B&2D8A5'1D14B2 9B2D8A5'1D457284!1$72C9C2%5CA524B29%%A$C2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2A21A921D2C9C292$4BC572#1C2 BA52 A'A!48A2 A$4B461$DE2 !9#E2 9B2 %1B9B$19!2 1BDC1CC14B2 %9$A2 1(A52 84DD1"1!1C72 4%2 1(A52

(32)

;2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 9C2 1DE2 A%%A$C1'A2 1BDC1CC14BD2 6972 5A$A2 CA2 9"1!1C72 4%2 D8A5'1D4572 9(AB$1AD2C4285464CA2851'9CAE259CA52C9B28"!1$21BCA5ADC+2A2$41$A24%2D1B(2C59BD1C14B2A$4B461AD2 1B2C1D25ADA95$29'A284DD1"1!1C72C421B$5A9DA2CA2A(5AA24%2854"!A62C9C269724$$5E2"A$9DA264DC2 C59BD1C14B2 A$4B461AD2 9'A2 !4#A52 1BDC1CC14BD2 ?9!1C7+2 4#A'A5E2 %4!!4#2 CA2 #45&2 4%2 -A$&2 AC2 9!2 01229B24DC4B2AC29!+2022#A2$9B2$A$&2B4B!1BA951C7291B(2D?95A2%45624%2CA2DC5$C5A2 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14B2 '9519"!AD2 9B2 DA2 1BCA59$C14BD2 CA56D2 "AC#AAB2 CA2 DC5$C5AD2 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D4529B2D8A5'1D457284!1$72C425A$A2C1D2854"!A6D+22

C52$4B$!D14B25A691B2CA2D96A2A'AB29%CA52#A2$A$&2%452CA2B4B!1BA951C729D2#A2$9B2DAA2CA25AD!C2 1B2C9"!A2<25A(5ADD14B2EE29B29+2F5A'14D25AD!C24!2C9C2452D?95A2'9519"!A2%45293A2523452D5 D789ABCDEA295A284D1C1'A29B2D1(B1%1$9BC26A9BD2C9C21%2CA2"9B&2D8A5'1D4521D2B4C2$ABC59!2"9B&21C2#1!!2 1B$5A9DA2 CA2 84DD1"1!1C72 4%2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 (91B2 %452 D?95A2 C39893932 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D452 #A2 42 B4C2 9'A2 $!A952 D1(B2 9B2 D1(B1%1$9B$AE2 1B2 5A(5ADD14B2 92 #A2 9'A2 BA(9C1'A2 '9!A2 C9C21B2!1BA2#1C245285A1$C14B2C9C21(A521BA8ABAB$72#1!!2A$5A9DA2CA2!A'A!24%2$4558C14B21B2 !AB1B(+2-C2D1B$A2CA2'9!A21D21BD1(B1%1$9B$AE2#A2$9BB4C2C9&A29B72%5CA52$4B$!D14B+22

35CA5645AE21B29"!A2<205A(5ADD14B2<29B2722#A21B$!A2C1D21BCA59$C14B2CA56D2C42CADC2%45284DD1"!A2 B4B!1BA952 5A!9C14BD182 "AC#AAB2 CA2 DC5$C5A2 4%2 "9B&2 D8A5'1D14BE2 D8A5'1D4572 84!1$1ADE2 9B2 $4558C14B2 1B2 !AB1B(+2 ,A2 %1B2 C9C2 %452 1BCA59$C14B2 "AC#AAB2 $ABC59!2 "9B&2 9D2 D8A5'1D452 C42 D8A5'1D457284#A529B2851'9CA264B1C451B(E2CA2851'9CA264B1C451B(21B$5A9DAD2CA21BCA(51C724%2"9B&2 !AB1B(21B2$4BC51AD2#1C21B'4!'A2"9B&2$ABC59!29D2CA2"9B&2D8A5'1D45+2-AD1AD2C9CE2D8A5'1D4572 84#A524ADBEC29'A292D1(B1%1$9BC284D1C1'A2A%%A$C24%2"9B&2!AB1B(E2#ACA52CA2$ABC59!2"9B&21D2CA2 D8A5'1D452452B4C+22 B25A(5ADD14B272%5462C9"!A2<E2#A2%1B2C9C2CA21BA8ABAB$724%2"9B&2D8A5'1D4521D2DC54B(26A9BD2 C9C21(A521BA8ABAB$724%2"9B&2D8A5'1D452#1!!25A$A2CA2A(5AA24%2"9B&2$4558C14B2#1!A2CA2 $4A%%1$1ABCD2D1(BD2%452"4C2D8A5'1D457284#A529B2851'9CA264B1C451B(295A2$4BD1DCABC2#1C285A'14D2 5AD!C+24#A'A5E21B2CA21BCA59$C14B2854$ADDE21C21D2952C42C9&A2$!A952$4B$!D14B2%5462CA25AD!C+2A2 1BCA59$C14B2CA562%4521BA8ABAB$729B2D8A5'1D457284#A52D((ADC1B(2C9C21BA8ABABC2D8A5'1D452 #1C21(A529C451C7295A29"!A2C425A$A2CA2!A'A!24%2$4558C14B21B2!AB1B(+2,1!A2CA25A(5ADD14B2 5AD!C29D2(1'AD2B42D8845C2%452851'9CA264B1C451B(2"A$9DA2CA21BD1(B1%1$9BC2'9!A24%21BCA59$C14B2 "AC#AAB21BA8ABAB$729B2851'9CA264B1C451B(+22

Références

Documents relatifs

To test whether the vesicular pool of Atat1 promotes the acetyl- ation of -tubulin in MTs, we isolated subcellular fractions from newborn mouse cortices and then assessed

Néanmoins, la dualité des acides (Lewis et Bronsted) est un système dispendieux, dont le recyclage est une opération complexe et par conséquent difficilement applicable à

Cette mutation familiale du gène MME est une substitution d’une base guanine par une base adenine sur le chromosome 3q25.2, ce qui induit un remplacement d’un acide aminé cystéine

En ouvrant cette page avec Netscape composer, vous verrez que le cadre prévu pour accueillir le panoramique a une taille déterminée, choisie par les concepteurs des hyperpaysages

Chaque séance durera deux heures, mais dans la seconde, seule la première heure sera consacrée à l'expérimentation décrite ici ; durant la seconde, les élèves travailleront sur

A time-varying respiratory elastance model is developed with a negative elastic component (E demand ), to describe the driving pressure generated during a patient initiated

The aim of this study was to assess, in three experimental fields representative of the various topoclimatological zones of Luxembourg, the impact of timing of fungicide

Attention to a relation ontology [...] refocuses security discourses to better reflect and appreciate three forms of interconnection that are not sufficiently attended to