De l'utilité de l'inutile : quand l'entrepreneur est un Homo-Donator

(1)

HAL Id: hal-00875094

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00875094

Preprint submitted on 21 Oct 2013

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Homo-Donator

Sylvain Bureau

To cite this version:

Sylvain Bureau. De l’utilité de l’inutile : quand l’entrepreneur est un Homo-Donator. 2013. �hal-00875094�

(2)

8 1234567848793A23458B678423C3D6EBA3452B7F2F2B26F32736B3123245267829A 4E8B36F2E63 3 123456275489462A6B42C8562D62E792F7FB652D62E792FE46525852462BD275562B82D62E569962E7929729A62642B82 FD87D42962C569962C7D9269246E4692E58D47D8569297D92F578DC562B6242EB89962D62E792A6D852286 2 B8328BD868932E8EA67B8A3AB8A8DB6D828583B26B88EBD855B3D8EA66BD8A5D8BD8 7ABB68 68 2B68 A3AB8 A38 58 DB3A58 E9ADDC8 56A99329358 9238 62D8 D25D8 2EB36BD8 23A6C8B8328BD86268DBBB6868932E8A!5B8A8DB568EB82625B856F23BB8"A5#5D8 2625BD8 6268 EA3BD$C8 A5D8 ADD58 B8 D328 6B8 2EA58 EA67B8 333B6B8 B68 B63B93B6B35A8 "%3BA8 &8 'B6EC8 ())$8 *68 BFFBC8 BD8 B63B93B6B3D8 A6B68 B8 9D8 D2#B68 EB8 3BDD23BD8 F56A65+3BD8 B8 E25#B68 9A38 26DB68 32#B38 EBD8 AB36A5#BD8 9238 E#B299B38 B38 A5#58 DA6D8 9AB38 B8 935,8 E8 A38 B8 328 DB8 3#+B8 A23D8 68 2B68 9A355+3BB68 95DDA68 923829B6DB3868A6B8EB83D23B35B88

-B8 26DA8 763A8 92DC8 58 FA8 B9B6EA68 E5D567B38 E5FF3B6BD8 F23BD8 EB8 328 B8 935DB38 BD8 A65DBD8 D2D./AB6D8 0A6D8 BB8 23B8 62BC8 62D8 A3A35D26D8 EB,8 F23BD8 EB8 328 B68 D9A3A68 B8 2E+B8 A3A6E8 E8 2E+B8 E8 E261263B.E268 22D8 26326D8 2B68 BD8 EB,8 275BD8D268763A35BD8EB8#AB38A5D8DB268EBD8E6A5BD8B8EBD83DAD83+D8E5FF3B6D8 5D8 62D8 D257626D8 B68 258 BD8 A67BDC8A3A6ED828 626C8 D268 3A5DD8 EA6D868 65#B3D8 EB8 5!B38 D2D8 263A56BD8 E8 FA58 EBD8 EB3565DBD8 92DD8 9A38 BD8 D33BD8 D25ABD8 EA6D8 BDBBD8 5D8 93B66B68F23B8*6F56C862D8#226D8BBD8595A526D8263+BD89238B63B93B6E3B883

23A263FEBA23F23A237F3C37FEBE78B3EFEBA23273AB3B7F2 AB3

B8 328 595B8 DDA5BB68 A!DB6B8 EA67B8 26A53B8 A5D8 58 9B8 93B6E3B8 A8 256D8 EB,8 F23BD8 935659ABD838 6B8 ADD55A!B8 8 6B8 3A6DA5268 A3A6EB848 B8 A3B8 F26EB8 D38 A8 275B8 E8 E261263B.E268 0A6D8 B8 93B5B38 ADC8 A!DB6B8 EB8 266A5B8 6B8 A67B8 9AD8 F26EAB6ABB68 A8 275B8 D2D./AB6B8 EB8 A67B8 28 A8 #AB38 EB8 B8 58 BD8 A678 BD8 B63AB8 EA6D8 A8 3A5DA5268 EB8 A8 3A6DA526838 !62 4F"7D#62 $2 FD4562 %2 9A3B8 B8 A68 26D5E+3B8 B8 58 B8 %8268 EBD8 #AB3D8 5#AB6BD8 58 9233A5B68 63B8BD3BD8 9A38 68A268 26A53B8A8 E6A5B8 BD8 A8 3A526A58 2625B8 ADD5B8 38 A68 AB38 58 932+EB8 8 A67B8 BDDA5B8 E2955DB38D268558BD8B,B9BD8583B+#B68EB8B8F23A8A!26EB687689233A85B38B8AD8EBD8 2B5266B3D8 EB8 5!3BD8 58 B3B68 8 A7B6B38 A8 #AB38 EB8 B38 2B5268 28 B623B8 EBD8 929A526D858932EA5B68A8328EA6D8EBD89352EBD8E9B356FA526888

88 B,5DB8 7ABB68 6B8 A3B8 26B95268 E8 328 58 DB8 E5D567B8 6BBB68 EB8 BB8 93B5+3B8 AB95268 0A6D8 BB8 EB,5+B8 A9932BC8 58 6BD8 9D8 BD5268 EB8 #AB38 A3A6EB8 A38 B6/B8 93B5B383D5EB8EA6D8A83BA5268B63B8BD89A35BD8A82DB8A67B8BD8558256D85923A6B8B8A8 A65+3B8EA67B38A67B8BD8682B68EB8A56B6538A83BA5268B8EB8B63BB653888BD8998 BD5268 E6B8 275B8 EB8 E261263B.E268 28 B8 B9D8 6B8 29B8 9ADC8 A8 DB6D8 28 :858 29B8 E;AA68256D8B8;268A826F5A6B8B68A358"<$89D8B85B68D25A8BD8325C89D8A826F5A6B8BD8 F23BC8256D8B8B9D829B8=8"'23D8&8>B6E3ADC8?@($8BD8A6329227BD82B8>A3B8>ADD8 268 5D8 B68 #5EB6B8 BD8 F23BD8 EA67BD8 EA6D8 B3A56BD8 D25D8 3AE55266BBD8 ">ADDC8 ?@AC8

(3)

(8 B?(CD$8 A5D8 BBD8 D268 ADD58 293A6BDC8 D2D8 EA3BD8 F23ADC8 EA6D8 62D8 D25D8 26B923A56BD8 BD8AEBA,8EB822E8F265266B6895BB68D38BB8275B8E8E2688

FB8B8D258B826B,B85D235BC8B8E2686BD8658A!D2B6873A58B85!3BC865893BB6855A53B8 B8563BDDC8583B93DB6B86B8F23B8:8!35EB8=8">ADDC8?@AC8B?(CDC89(GH$8A8DB6D828:8EA6D8B8 9A38B8E268DAFF53B6826/256BB68A2625B89B3D266BB8E8D/B8B8D268A99A3B6A6B8D25AB848 EA6D8 B8 9A38 B8 E268 DA35B68 A8 923D5B8 EB8 A#A6A7B8 56E5#5EB8 B8 2#B33B8 8 A358 9A38 EBD8 ABD8763B,8=8"-A65AC8())@C89A$8-263A53BB688A8275B8E8E266A6.E266A6C8586B8DA758 9AD8E68E266A6.E266A6828EB8A8FABDB8&8D'&8D2984B748D8E2689A3B8D58D2#B68BD8A672.DA,26D8 A5D8 !5B68 E68 A67B8 EB8 E26D8 A8 DB6D8 28 58 A8 :8 9238 935659B8 6268 68 D/B8 AAB38 A5D8 68 A7B68D25ABB6893E5D92D88B63B3C8DA6D856B65268658AC8EA6D8B8/B8EB8A67BD8=8"%23E5BC8 ??IC898@I$88

! "F3273F9E78B3A23E426F3

0A6D8B82E+B8A3A6EC8A8#AB38BD89B6DB8B68A268#5A86B8932/B5268EBD892DD5!BD83B23D8EB8 D26856#BD5DDBB6C8EB8D268B67A7BB68A83A5268EB8#AB38DB3A89D828256D85923A6B88DB26C8 B63B8 A3BD8 2DBDC8 B8 268 A8 9D8 28 256D8 !5B68 A8 B68 A268 BD8 !6F5BD8 B8 268 9233A8 53B38EB8A83BA5268A8#AB383B6#25B8EA6D8B82E+B886B86252683+D83E35B858DB855B886B8 #AB382625B8

0A6D8 B8 AD8 E8 E26C8 A8 B5B3B8 A65+3B8 EB8 3B38 EB8 A8 #AB38 BD8 A8 263A53B8 EB8 6B8 9AD8 A8 3BB3B38 D8 B67A7BB68 EA6D8 A8 3BA5268 BD8 ED563BDDC8 9D8 BB8 3BA5268 932E53A8 92B65BBB68EBD8A67BD8!6F5BD853BB68E5C8:89238B8B8E268D258:89AA68=88B3BC8 586B8FA89AD858D258FA58EA6D8B8!878B623BC8EA6D8B8E26C8:82687A76B8826E55268EB86B89AD863B8 563BDD887A76B3C8EB86B89AD8AE29B38B8DA8EB85636C8EB86B89AD8AB38=8"J2E!2C8()))C898 (I$8=8 "-A65AC8 ())@C8 98 (A.(I$8 -B8 58 E258 563BDDB38 BD8 AB3D8 58 DB67A7B68 EA6D8 BB8 E6A5B8 B8 6BD8 9AD8 A8 3A5268 EB8 #AB38 A5D8 !5B68 A8 3A5268 EB8 3BA526D838 !62 8D4569962 (2

7B4562 E75F62 B82 6942 7B456C8 E75F62 B82 6)89462 642 DD2 E75F62 B82 7EE5462 B6B62 F"968 0A6D8 B8

ADC8A8#AB38FA583F3B6B886B8625268!5B689D829B,B8B89325F23B8-B85853B8EA6D8BD8 3BA526D8 29B68 !BA298 B8 !5B68 D2#B6C8 9D8 B8 EBD8 !5B6D8 F265266BD8 BD8 D!2BD8 #5D89A38EBD82!/BD8A5D8ADD589A38EB8D59BD83B7A3ED8287BDBD8D268BDDB65BD88A8D33A5268 B8A8E#B299BB68EB8BD83BA526D838:82B83BA5268BD8B68BFFB8E5A5DB89A38EBD8D!2BD8B8 B8D268!5B68BD8D!2BD8"9BD8K8D576BD8EB83B266A5DDA6B$8K8682C868AEBAC868298EB8 A568K858DBB68A5A6B8=88"-A65AC8())@C898AA$8 22D83D26D85.EBDD2D8EA6D868A!BA8D65B8BD8EB,8F23BD8EB8328 "E#42E633C3423A263F238A9E4 78D623A637F3

"23A237F3 $726F3 %E426F3 &'423 &92F8#848793 (A'423 EFEBA3 86E5#5ED8 '26EB8D386B8 3593258AA!B838 B858BD8A678BD8 29A3A!B8B68B3B8 EB8#AB388 A86A3B8EB8A8 3BA5268BD8F23BB68 -26567B6BD838BBD8D268 26D35BD8EB8FAL268B8 9D8D2#B687C2"F89A38 BD8AB3D858932+EB68 8A67B8"B82E+B8E8 263A8BD85955B$8 M2275BB68 235B683872E85882686B8 3B#5B689D8B68A335+3B8 A38A67B8BD8 D992D8!6F5B8 9238BD8EB,89A35BD8

(4)

A8 5B88A8#AB38EB8B8 58BD8A678 (A'423A63 AB)B7F2 AB3 -2B5F8 "FA5BC8 35!<$88 226893BB68 55A53B838A8A65+3B8 EA67B38BD89D8 5923A6B8B8 A67B85.6BC8 :82B8D58EB828 B9DC89238 A65C8BDDB65B8 A#A588E8B3B8 BD8F23BD8=8"5A568 -A5C8?@@C89H($88 A86A3B8EB8A8 3BA52686B8DB8 A3A35DB89AD89A38A8 #AB38EB8B858BD8 A6788 BD83+7BD8D268F5,BD89A38 EBD856D5526D858 E9ADDB68A37BB68BD8 AB3D8BD8623BD8 EA67BD8D2683+D8 93BD35BD8 A358BD8 3+7BDC82689B862B38 2!57A5268EB8E266B3C8 2!57A5268EB83BB#253C8 B82!57A5268EB83B6E3B8 5D6326B8B8 3#B3D5!B83858FA8 3B6E3B8A89A3B5B868 /23828A3B858 B3B8E8B8BD8 E2A526D8B63B8BD8 9A35BD8D268 92B65BBB68BD8 6BD8A8 2B6BB68"F8 4A8A6D5B66B828 268FA5853B38 2/23D8BD86BD8 25B3D8B8!3ABBD$8 8 * 1234E348#2F793A59EB2F363B7FE8B723

6B8 EBD8 A3A35D5BD8 EB8 A8 2EB3658 BD8 DA6D8 E2B8 EA#2538 B68 9A35B8 263A568 EA#2538 2ABB68 D9A38 A8 275B8 EB8 56368 EB8 B58 EB8 A8 73A58 -BB8 E5D/265268 3B93DB6B8 6B8 3BB8 393B8 A#B8 BD8 D25D8 3AE55266BBD8 28 B8 2E+B8 E8 E268 92DB8 8 56#B3DB8 A35A5268 B63B8 BD8 935659BD8 "-A65AC8 ())@C8 98 ($8 B8 E26C8 A8 DB6D8 28 58 BD8 EF5658 55C8 6BD8 9AD8 268 658 6B8 6B8 #5EB6B8 EA6D8 62D8 D25D8 26B923A56BD8 58 268 B38 8 D9A3B38 6BBB68 BD8 2923BB6D8A35DBD8EBD8A526D8#5DA688:8A,55DB3868932F58=8BD82EA5D8B8A86A3B8EB8 A67B8 6B8 D268 E268 9AD8 B8 FA58 E8 ADA3E8 A8 3B6263B8 B63B8 BD8 56E5#5ED8 58 A67B8 BD8 B68 9A35B8EB356B89A38EBD8E5B6D526D85D235BDC87273A95BDC8D25ABDC82625BD828B623B8 3BBD8

A85!B38EB8A67B86BD89AD86B8E266B8-BB85!B38DB826D35C8DB87A76B89A38A5268-2B8 62D8 8 B8 #B3326D8 EA6D8 B8 AD8 EB8 B63B93B6B35AC8 58 FA8 26D353B8 EBD8 26B,BD8 9238 2FF3538 EB8 62#BBD82EA5D89238A67B3C89238E266B38B83BB#2538 23889A3#B6538B85655B38EBD83BA526D8 F26EBD8D38A8275B8E8E268263B.E26C858FA89B6DB38BD8E5D92D55FD8EB8A67B88

3

+ 23AB3C36B23FE78D623#EBE423E838BB76FBE#4236F32B7F2F2BAF23 3

-2B8 B8 3A99BB8 8 /DB8 53B8 223!B38 5B3C8 :8E266B38 BD8 68 :8!BD2568=C8 A38 E266B38 BD8 A8 DBB8 A65+3B8EB8FA53B8EBD8932/BD82B5FD8=8"())@C898CG$8886BD89AD892DD5!B8EB6#5DA7B3868932BDDD8 B63B93B6B35A8DA6D83BA5268F26EB8D38B8E268-B8A67B8D25A8EB89B8E261263B.E268BD86B8 :8A9A58 BDDB65BB8 9238 B63B93B6E3B8=8 "E*2 F84*C8 ())@C8 98 C?$8 BD8 FAB,8 325D8 '8 "9238 'A5C8 '35B6ED8 A6E8 '22D$C8 F26EAB6A,8 9238 BD8 93B5B3D8 F56A6BB6D8 EB8 B63B935DBC8 3B92DB68 9238 BDDB65B8D38BB8275B8-B8589B3B8E5655B38BD8A67BD8BD8!5B68B6B6E8A3B82DB8B8 56368 A8 88 BD8 998 BD5268 EB8 9ADD526C8 EA238 F55A8 28 !5B68 B623B8 EB8 ED538 EB8 A67BB68 5A68 EB8 3A5D26D8 58 D268 9D8 EB8 23E3B8 E8:8DA38=8 A8 DB6D8 28 B8 BB8 2DB8

(5)

I8 62D8 E9ADDB8 263A53BB68 A,8 3A5D266BB6D8 A63D8 B8 F26ED8 D38 68 56368 9B3D266B8 E266B8E82B5F8B8EB8A8D258"5B3C8())@C898GG$8

8

8655B38 EB8 62#BBD8 3BA526D8 B8 EB8 62#BA,8 932/BD8 76+3B68 D2#B68 EB8 56B35EB8 738 9A38 EF565526C8 56B35EB8 595B8 6B8 56A9A58 8 93#2538 BD8 AD8 E8 26EB8 88 6B8 DA3A58 63B8 BD5268 EB8 35DB8 B8 EB8 932!A!55D8 ADD25BD8 A,8 D6A352D8 92DD5!BD8 A38 26DB6C8 B58 58 AB9B8E5655B38B89B8EB8EA3B8E2588682B6828868A3B8E266B38EB8D268B9DC8EB8D268 6B375BC8EB8DA89B3D266B89238A#A6B38-B8E2686B8DB8FA589ADC86B89B89AD8DB8FA53B89A385636C858B,57B8 6BDDA53BB68 68 E268 F26E8 D38 !5B68 A3B8 2DB8 5C8 2B8 62D8 #B626D8 EB8 #2B3C8 3B92DB8 BDDB65BBB68D38EBD8#AB3D8EB823E3B8E8DA3853BB68E5C8:8B8E268BD8682B385923A68 E8 A67BB68=8 "J2E!2C8 ())@C8 98 @$8 B8 BD8 E268 A8 N38 EB8 28 932BDDD8 B63B93B6B35A8 5662#A68BD8B63B93B6B3D86B8DB826B6B689AD8E8DA828B8B3B88B8FA53B8#2B38 A3B8 5D83BFDB68EB893B6E3B8EBD835DBD85626D5E3DC85D8268!BD2568EA!538EBD83BA526D8EB826F5A6B8 F26EB8D38BD8275BD8E8E261263B.E268A8B5B3B85D3A5268EB8BD8A65DBD8EA5268BD8 B3A56BB68BB8EB8A83A5268EBD89A3B6A35AD8-BB8932!A5B8EBD89A3B6A35AD8A5B68E/8 A8N38EBD83A#A,8D38B8E26126B.E268A#B85EB8B8:8B83A6DFB3826DB658E6B8#AB38E68 56E5#5E8868A3B8A67B8B,.58B689A3B6A53BD8=8"#5.O3ADDC8?I?C89)@$868EBD8B6/B,89238 BD8B63B93B6B3D8BD8EB8932F5B38EBD8D33BD8B,5DA6BD858FA55B68B3D8A67BD8A5D8ADD58EB8 32#B38EBD82B6D89238BD8E9ADDB38AF568EB86B89AD8DB855B38B3D892B65A5D8 8

523D86B8 B8 B8 328 BD8 68 5626236A!B8 9238B63B93B6E3BC8 58BD8 5632#A!B8 EA6D8 BD823D8 EBD8B5B3BD82BD8EB82B3B8E826EB885682EB8EB6DB576BB68D38A86A3B8B8BD8 93A5BD8E8328"%3BAC8()($88862D8DB!B837B68EB83B26D5E3B38B8D/B892385673B38EA6D8 BD8335D8B8E9ADDB386B8A9932B83E52665DB85855B8B8328A82E+B8A3A6E8B68 2!5A682B8A895DDA6B8E8E261263B.E2688 3 8#48FE823C3 5B3C828())@8M3A#A5C8237A65DA5268B8A67B8D25A8868 8-A65A8"*E$C8B7AC2DEF8FAAA26A 76AAC2DE22EA768E48EE879EC8A7EF38IC.G?8 A35D38*E5526D8EB8A8E23#BB8 %23E5BC8 8??I87EC26CA978EC8 A35D38B8OB58

%3BAC8O8()(8%35675678B886F23A8*26285628B8-ADD3223858%A3B38*,9B35B68868O808 OA3AD#A8"*E$C8D73A2A76736688%2D268

%3BAC8OC8&8'B6EC8P8())8*63B93B6B3D598568B886F23A8*2623818E2BD858>AB3Q8 689678E267A2967A2A 689969C!EA"A66278E268

-A65AC8 8())@8B7AC2DEF8FAAA26A76AAC2DE22EA768E48EE879EC8A7EF8 A35D38 *E5526D8EB8A8E23#BB8 '23DC8>C8&8>B6E3ADC8R8?@(8SB3D8683B62#BA8E8328B8EB8;2625B8E2BD5B8Q8AA #$%& C8(38A.(G8 J2E!2C8P8M8()))8BA526'A7A88A8A#E68E8F8 A35D38A802#B3B1>ADD8 J2E!2C8P8M8())@8526A8AC8978FE8 A35D38*E5526D8A802#B3B8 #5.O3ADDC8-8?I?8BCA(89D89CAFF3687E9CAA7A7968F8 A35D38 T'8 >ADDC8>8?@AC8B?(CD8 CC7EAC9AA26A%293A8A97EC26AA#FD!76A76CACAC2DEF8FCA79D!7)CA 8 A35D38 T'8 8 8