Shakeout in industrial dynamics: new developments, new puzzles
Texte intégral
(2)
(3)
(4) "! $# % '& )(*+ -, .0/
(5) '& , 1213 . 45768:9<;=?>5A@B@C DFEHGJILKBMONHPQRMSKBT UWV UHX IYPI. ZL[O\^]`_badcfeg]hai[O\kjl[O_7mS[Ono\kp[Oqr]hs+_:tO\fuwvxsB_y\fs_{zk|~}}flsuoq lyO0ii'BOdfii"f~i'BOfOkib OfkO7d`k <iy3ySZLnosy}¡]hsB\fnotO¢£^¤:u¦¥2tO_yu§¤7}d¨StO_b.
(6)
(7)
(8) ! #"$%& '(' )* +
(9) ,-&"$. /
(10) 0 '1
(11) 12"$43)576)!089:; < < =". >"$ 7?@"$A"! (,B$"$C
(12) 0 '1(8 D#9 E 0 F GH(I9 1KJ/ L8 8 )M1 ,I 0 < 9 1 < ". N 1= 0D9 O1 ("$C O7,"C ) < (P '#C Q&"$". < R"$
(13) 9H)S"$'TU UHV"$ ) 9% (,W&"$C 'W08 '1(* << 19KJYX1(,K0 < A".9RyZ 43.[\ 43
(14) ]^_U # ) C '1;" C?%0 <
(15) + "$#. U`a b"$a4("$ < H9A,8 N"$AP < 0;" !
(16) PA". \*(!
(17) !"$a[P )c,". d U (,-&"$C D1 (".Ae7" R 1;/17
(18) Jgf@9Q 'RbZ 5736' \ 43
(19) 6
(20) ^h9:H < < #0
(21) :
(22) h ) i(, jHU\_$,K1
(23) k"$DCT1A"/"$["/"$D1T U )0! !1T U0 < k C.9 ("h T1A".
(24) Q \Y"$
(25) "$9 1 U '1 LW,i(,Kl ("$ '1: < 9("m b"$
(26) C9 ["C -?
(27) '
(28)
(29) J LR08 < 9 1T < "C ` UD *19$".9 +%(,K". l"$!$1A""$A"B"$ < g ".nQX14 lop U oq4R1(r 9I 199 1A".4s 'Itu"$vTPU < 08("d w (,-&"$C ' U.9 Ox;A". y"$A"d$ 1A,- Tz z < "$ 08: c". < < A "$
(30) *%1 0 < 9 A". OP&. :1 '19&" ,K
(31) '(* / :$C4 ("_i(, ' ` `,K0{ |" ,KA"C ` U \B4= "$}1 UU |"C )h,9G '1ww (,-&"$C>1
(32) ,`w089.#w9P )OPU# PU9G"$ 08
(33) J~g U0"$#'A". 43)76)R". "$ 436) \Y"$D&"$&,K1[" , n.19 (,K1A".n < 9C$ &081 < 4 +0\A""$1T U 8 Ur"$l 9&PK9 "$
(34) |"$ U\N$ )1[,-I{
(35) I (". : U"$uA".9 0 (" $;A" ,H( U04C?A"&"$&,K1Q" , u9 43)576gH\ < 9C$ 01;\&,K1F;D1 1T;"$ A"$ \k$ 04! x;9 < H U$ c".9 :' c"&KJrsN"$ 436)2J 0 A" ".9;"$ UN ( OPKN". d
(36)
(37) "$=K9P
(38) , !$ s0D81
(39) ,K9PUad :0 < 1A" 04C?A" &"$$,K1V" , ;D9 < 9 $ C01;(H\S c"$w"$N089C1( UMA << 19;#&,K1(l"$NR :1T9 X19 \G"$F H )%R (".($".A'fd9C?[" "$N8A .(,W&"$C 2bC4 +x7A". Jh
(40) << 19(/ 9 l08C *(P1(* "$TPU < 0D4("_ U1
(41) P(". B (,W&"$C m UC4 +xA"C ` UKJ R," HA"$C < T1A"="$9y0808;99>1 U;"$C O
(42) ,". ' Ua"L "$ < 1 :. :1 <
(43) 0 ) +(,-$"$ (
(44) 08 :1
(45) VJ9l 9
(46) "BU( T h
(47) 0 :1h& 08A U.?l
(48) ,"m 8$".A"$ 1h U\9"$ , c"r ) 9I "K"$k (,W&"$&M
(49) ,""$k V"$ ` U9P U,m UW& js0DVJ kP9/"$
(50) 43)576)H\Y
(51) TPU9 \"$9 G 9 0A,"$ UQ/ M D"$C ". 27, '% U"$l4)'1A".T2 U.? X)1;,0 < A".99Nfd9I :'\Ra $ )1[,- w w08HH U17;G"$["!TPU".9?9 < '1# : (,-&"$C&"$&,K1A" ,H9\D (,W&"$C #';9I < \%1 0 '1
(52) h"$u9u UPUA"C ` UKJ
(53) H9 1 <
(54) 40 ) c". 'A".##8 )aoq ;".9!yZ 43)5;^ \m M '1N$ 1A,-IN 9P )c,"$ ` U9C#"$ Ha 1 0 '1G17\K < 9"$G
(55) B"L lA y ;".9 < A".Q"$ )VJ
(56) C8 UG Y"$
(57) A y ;".9 < A".Q"$ )H\ U "r9l!' << 4RbZ 43)5;^"$C l"L 2,9Q&".4l"$!'
(58) nL".[C0u9P c,"C ` U2 Ur
(59) PKA"$ OP! (,-&"$ (H\ 9D(QI([H"$A"B"$ 'R U7nL".9 0 TPU )c,". R([H
(60) "$ :+214 1A".9 Ox22G' :.G19U1'! l '1 (,-&"$ (H\: ?b nC C9 0D \-9 G l"$ +r +$"$"$ '08\)
(61) 908A" ,HG l"$ O_TPU < 08(" "$ 08\!91: F"$ }A"$F"$ 07J (,B$"$& :.191'd1'4sPO,KN"$ p"$ Ae < 'A". %'9C;,0!K9} )8 9
(62) ,K:4s |"C '(} 11A,C
(63) UPUA". `PU (,B$"$C
(64) [JRS,"8"$.
(65) C 4? ,"L\Y ! '1}1 U. ( < )R". l0
(66) I `PKD9e c"S U < (,K19QH\ < C
(67) H(Q OPKO#K108D1;"$ ( 9
(68) ,K9 c"$d"$ Te < ` U Tp q (,B$"$C h
(69) 0 '1
(70) [Jf@ g$" G"$ 1;("8[A".(2A" ".90 < ".@"$ 19 &! G
(71) G 9?K
(72) ,
(73) "W 11A,QVJ opw1FC O[&"M"$ +7?"$["!".197 ) q([H(". +s OPU(l"$@ 'Cw191'N F (,B$"$&\F & ( < U O'$ UB"$G 9?K
(74) ,
(75) "IJ7 :1'LW". l0 X1(,K0 < A".9[ P )8 Um19 ["$ `PK
(76) $"$&,K1V"$ ` U : (,-&"$ h
(77) 0 '1
(78) [ J hq("$ < 9[,= [" l, < N. O 0 ". p ;"$ )(,K1Ta :%
(79) PK("$ JR =$ Q0
(80) _9 U`g_0 U < O < c". D$ UkH U0b"C 08
(81) J
(82) R,"r l"$ 08b"$ R& 0u LR '0 c" [".lDA 9;"$ 9(" h ! '1w1T )0 < A".aH9P9 \Rw9PU;" ,K+ ,7" < 9C$ C0{"$ c". 'k$ + 0DJr 8 c" ,KA". ) 19d'
(83) &"h,("$
(84) "$44("$ < H9A,8APU < 8A < [ 1["!
(85) P `P w"$9e c" UM )989 '9C9r$ O 0G"$("$& B[ v (VJ R,"D 19v "$ +7?v9
(86) ,""$q 9?
(87) ,"% vqU $C9H;"#084[Jkoqq11T U '9="$A" ?
(88) T
(89) F1T )0 < A".91 :
(90) }
(91) OPK>"$: .F191 d U"$ (,W&"$&KJk.p"$["%1(H\!1 9D". fd4Q :$&DP I )\k"$w
(92) "$q ?
(93) '
(94) %: ?F"$ F"$dA : c"$ UD$ s0DD". 4)&,H 1 9H91;a[" 4F (".9 h;1 0 :
(95) 2ZC C9 x;9"$ FU 1["C )G"$ (H , 1T(D !"$ C O 0^8dTe7".9C 1 )0 '(8Z&9 9P < 0D9;" b"$1 )0!\k 1O,K @"$ H U ) C O 0D! #"$D O
(96) C )
(97) ^IJ-C="$ < 9Q < ;1A"$ OPK\m" # 9?T ," 9$CT1A" hC O 0D! C.9 (".O\R +1; 08l$ s0D*0 ("9PG"$ <<
(98) L" , |"&8". #11A,0h,'A". < T1 C '1!?
(99) '
(100) =1T )0 < A".91 :
(101) H\ 92$,CP `PK7J(C8 01T( (r Uns 9?T ," < Q":".9C089!"$(,-r089C7J < , < gH ="$ < < 9w N". z "$ (Ia"$( U '&.9 ("}P LI )w @ 9?
(102) ," y (,B$"$C ;
(103) 08 :1
(104) H\K"L =149 T1A".9C Oxb"$![ u9P < 08(" r" ["R&, << L"W"$(H!c".9CA"$ OPKbP I ) \-l". 19 &"$ < ,x;x('("$A"k"$( P Q )!089 < (H;"h$ Uh (,-$"$H :.%1TU1:}+H
(105) [J=$ Q&" T1A"C ` U <
(106) P
(107) DC(".; L )"$l( '1 I08A C?} U} +(,-&"$C}: C8191' < < gH U$" 92M' << 9R l"$ 43)576gVJ)h 0 +4R UB"$ < < 9R
(108) P($"C O[".(R0 G 1T9("APU < 08(" 9?
(109) ,"$\S M :1F 21 :4 F1(;"$ 9i(,K
(110) C"$ F "$ 4336Dd666)[JR@ ;1 T1A"C ` U$ 1A,- ;q y1 1T < "C ` U Uq 9?T ," ! '1 q1 YH' +?Tt". t".19
(111) ) ) `1( 1 c". U[J! K )`H11M )rD )l".T1 )
(112) %l"$! )0 1! )r![ u +
(113) PU )OP
(114) "$["RA v (,B$"$&!H < '1T(B"$
(115) J~W + 0Dr G"$ )`l (,W&"$&9PS"L l$1G 9?
(116) ,".\9 "$; C O 0D/4 k9 +8
(117) "-"$0 81A". Qm U-"$A v (,-&"$CKJ
(118) k"$ O D 1A". $ 1A,-
(119) r 92|".9 A". OP!1 1 < ". D S 9?
(120) ," ! `1D *1 YH+%1T U1A".l"L ? M
(121) K!11[,0!,K:["C 9l :$ ,B J [ v +(,-$"$C!9P4/&".9 " )0yH19IA".19\)(r (,-$"$ (9 +l9 LHS"$
(122)
(123) , "$ 9 $ U.0["$ Uv #9e &". y (,-&"$C '(VJGoqv 9?
(124) ,"} )1T1A,Q \& 0D#"$A" C9 Ox;T"$.
(125) 1 c". U )B?
(126)
(127) Kh11A,K0!,'A". :C ,- 09}&,&P OPK\DTPU(" ,K+U1 )0 "$ '9[r "$kA +Un& C +(,-&"$CKJ
(128) k$
(129) ,&"$H1A" )09?K(/H )01 1O,KU 09.?[J .
(130) . G0 D0!K c"C ` )8 U L"9!!' << 4/Zb43)5;^ : +K?) MJ!&" ,K
(131) 8A"'".0 < " B"$ 0
(132) &, 9N+x72"$= CL,- ` ) ) < (,K1Q"
(133) PA". 9aP 'A D"$= $".
(134) C 1;k i(,K1(% k"$ +08 < A"$} U*9P;" (bD19 c"C `1/A".4C0 +;"* U/"$,Kc"C '08A".$"$&,K1A" ,H SA < H )(,K1Q"*09C?A" VJC "$ : < 9Q < ;1A"$ OPK\)"$l&" ,K(2
(135) ;[ (_lI9
(136) R 9 ui(,K($"$
(137) u7 )(R PUA"$ < 1
(138) P9G"$ 08#w$C;1A"*"$a$"$&,K1A" , = k"$# (,-&"$$ !=oqA"MAe < ' G"$ .1A""$A"h $ U 0["C c"$4N.TPU UI
(139) ` )19?;"$&"$7 , ,"D"$ < C 1(I U# UPA". !oqA" 9 "$0 : 9
(140) ,K9 c".
(141) "$A"b
(142) `PU2"$#089C1T\_08A" ,. c"&>;1 # G UPA"$ OPK= (,-$"$s `(" !$#["k,- AeU08 S"$(I &.9 ("mi(,K($"$ G" ,.J. aj j efq ad[O\R[~j ai\f\f[)( t~]`ai[O\ t~\fu s*( [~}deg]hai[O\k[~jad\fu^efqr]`_,+. % % '&. D0 < + '1 < 9&"* /"$ < < 9$ 1A,-H(h #] < C (,K1V"*7 L$".
(143) C '(h(H19 OK(h
(144) t"$( ] [ < )(,K1["
(145) PA". )9 h +.L,W !"$h04C?9" J(H < H )(,K1Q" :$". U.
(146) SH9CPh("$bU
(147) & $ r_"$T U& g"$9P < 08("W B (,B$"$C
(148) r$ UA < . )(,K1Q" [J 9 4 GMU $C9H;"r&".9(r < (,K1Q"B $"$ C
(149) \
(150) ! '1$"$&,K1A" , /"$APU` < 08;"m UW +(,-&"$
(151) 919H1A".9 Ox;N"$d: :.d1TU1:d )2 (,-&"$CZ&C
(152) , J[^[Jd& O[$"#&".4>U9) c"CF"$ 1 004 1 : ("$H )(,K1Q"$ % U"$A < H )(,K1A"% |"Q*
(153) P(". R
(154) R& jA$" < . (,K19IJ Ox; )"$ 089C?A"M :!PU9Cd: 0 c".T\"$#1 )0089 1 '&,K1;1([8 k"$ < H )(,K1Q"h O)N,K1;9&".4 +\Ra"$ < (,K1V"8 }@? U < ("$ (" < N"$ w:,&"$9# 0 <
(155) PTJk #$ O[&" < 4C 9) qA 9;"$ 9(" $".9L"R"L < 9A"$ Q".l"$DA n& C +(,-&"$&KJr='
(156)
(157) "$ S"$ &".9% < 9)! #"$ (HN 1 < "$N c". ' UPA". .\_"$w Ox; UG"$N09C?["$ U!"$a[ < H )(,K1Q"89:".98 c" ("$ (,K1Q"$ U\"$F(,K0K4 ) <
(158) ".9("$ 8("$ 4(" (". "$F09.?A"IJh ;1 $".9F & 199 1A".4s jx;l8 19
(159) !"$(,K0K4r ) < )(,K1T9Qr "$bA < (,K1A"HJ C
(160) "$ W ," < ,7" )%"$( )% )r"$ < (,K1A"/ *9. ` < T1 C 'JK!"$ O a$".91 C ( < U)/". # ["R9;"$C%i(,K". =x;9. %Z "$;,0!K9* /;"$ 9(" * :*
(161) ,`DU:1T"$l(,K0!K9* U9e c". + C O 0DC^V. J -BH )1;QD
(162) PKA"$ < UH(Q OPK+ < '1
(163) < (,K1V" + PUA". U\G 1 "$ < 1(ID ) < (,K1V"$ ` U% k0 1 )0 < '9e}=/". D
(164) C '("."$
(165) 4 )*! 9*1 &"_AP < 0("_ U"$ ].
(166) UPUA". UKJk &".9w9g8 c".qw;1 q)H gI%9("$$JR "$w$
(167) ,&"$&".4\S"$9H@ % 4A"C OPUA" 9("$C\4="$D(,K0!K9h )*9e c"C 7NC O 0Dh G0!,g1N&, < 9 k"$ ="$(,K0K4h U*9 9;"$ 9(" VJ~W '+\9C(,K0!K9r UW 1A,0!K("W$ O 0DrU I << T9 \Ae c". +!"$b (,-$"$C G"$C :" &".4
(168) J; < )0 U 21';M"$GC9?T ,7" l1
(169) C ( < U)B"$ "$0A" ,C c"$ U"$ (,W&"$&KJ.
(170)
(171)
(172) "!#
(173) #$%'&(
(174) *),+( *$-.(/*'0&1- 2 3
(175) # `;ENLRO.6 H'A%7 V.HA#I#E.X 6 H2: ] . 4 5.67 8 9.6;: <>=%?6@:BA%76C9A#DE<>83A#FG=*H6JI6K<>6CH LM8FN6*IPO#QR<>5.67SA#D3D0AUTP83F.?WVNHA#X*6@:2:WY Z([2\^]([C_`Ga3F#[ b c3d T;8e<>5 Z([ fg<05.6W6 h#V.6 XK<>6 IRFE.LO.6 HA%76 F<0H= FU<S:8eFR<i ] [ f%<05.6VHA O.=CO.83D38<eQA#76 F<0H>Q83FR<A%76 =%X 5V.A%<6KF<>8e=%D.6CF<3HS= F<i `Gf <05.6V.A%VE.D0=j<83A%FMA%71VNA%<>6 F<>8e=%DN6KF<0H = F<S:i F#[ bkc>f <05.6FELO.6 HBA%7 7S83HLl:m<05= <.5=K9.6J=%DeH6 =%I@Q6*F<>6KH6 IR<05.6L= H n.6K<OQR<SaKo%p %. <>83LM6. 3qSr.+tsosq0[~jad\gj [O_B¢ t~]`ai[O\ tO\fuRs\g]h_ +u svOa]so_y[wBsq q. x("$&> LM& N> <
(176) 9 : c"$ t- yrw9P )OPUM )0 $".9". &".9%11
(177) O7N". w
(178) &.9I(". UPUA". U9P
(179) ,QVJ
(180) C
(181) PKA"$ lUTP ` ,Q < 9 "$G;11T([". +$ 0A". \( :-
(182) < . U$ c"} << L" , c"$ ` ZC&
(183) , ^VJkC$".9
(184) P["C )
(185) Q ;"C '+v1T )0F 0 9e
(186) ".9C(
(187) , 1;# D $ U 08A"$ J $ +I&"" < d )D $ U 08A". }1;1([ O'@"$ 9
(188) < (".9;"$ 'MA 9;"$ 9("a9y$9P
(189) ,Q"$ < H )1;Q> U;"$&\D(w'C <<
(190) " , c". (> ) < & |"9 TPU :'9:7J AP4 \ +%&".9; l"$ =7\ +$ 08A"$ D LR 0 G 4A".l"L "$MAe < 9 '1M1;1A,0h,'A".l 1A,K0K;"k$ 0b U#
(191) "$D"$A" , 8 U/"$9 < (,K1Q"*9="$ < )1T(Qh < (,K1V"$ JW & T1 UG"& < h U $ s08A". 1A" b9.s `9B". 9;"$LK)J -W $ c"m << L" ,7 c".
(192) r9 G0 U kH(,K1$ U < (".9;"$ ("$H9(" r4G"$ < . )1T(Qr W9("$C8&".9A".( < H U7 (Q OPU-J C="$( D :.C9H;"h&".9(H\ PUA"C ` U ! " 14 U )4 9 )'A". < )0 #9 ["$ +7w [ ".19 ) ) `1(
(193) "$ C T1A". U$.J z A"$4 \)
(194) PA". << 9Q-
(195) !"$b' :.1TU1:hG"$k[" , S UPA". 1
(196) ;h
(197) S"$: :.D191' < (I
(198) [J -W (,K1Q"R
(199) PA". A"/"$l9 ) )* [ 191'
(200) Rl08C R +0 < 1A" < (,K1Q"$ U21 &" R4 < )(,K1Q"i(,K c"&K'J -W 1(QR UPA". %A" .
(201) "$9= "$l' C191'l
(202) P `PK
(203) *0 l 14 0;".W[C,-&".0(" * < (,K1V"$ < 1(I (* 08908(" $09.?A"C 7".T19 'i(,K([J. >% *
(204) ( &."$ !%0$#& #3&(&($%N! ">$#& !#&1-M
(205) %&.2.
(206) >
(207) #e+ *$#/@
(208) #2 g!#
(209) # $ ( SF7SA#HL=*<083A#FM_>6 hU<>6 HSF= D3d ] HA#I#E.XK< 8eFF.A 9.= <>83A@FM_3H=%I#83X =%D0d =#:2:g8k9.6J6 F<3H>Q . 2!U
(210) "$!( h#VN6KH836KF.X 6P_ 8eF<>6KHSF=@D3d ] HA#X*6@:2:B83FF.A 9.=*<83A#FM_ 8eF.XKH6 LM6KF<0=%D0d =#:2:8k9.6W6 h8<m_ : 5.=KnN6*A%E<>d . `;ENLO.6*H'A%717S83HLl:. <>83LM6. 'F<0H>QRV.HA O.=CO.83D38< QR] [ 8>:BXK5= H=%XK<>6KH8%6 I;OQR<05.67SA#D3D3A#T;80F.?R7>EF.XK<>83A#F Y ]([#\^7 _[ f [ f [ d T;8e<>5 [ f#FUENLO.6 HA%Π783FF.A 9.=*<83A#F(:=j<N<>8LM6<(6 L^= F=*<08FN? 7SHA#L :A%EHX 6@:B6 hU<>6 HSF=@D<>AW<05.6W8eFI#E:"<0H>Q i [ f <05.6W=@X XjENLED3=K<>6 IM: <>A#XKnMA%76 h#V.6 H836 F.X 6WA%7m83F.XKENLRO.6 F#<(VHA#IUENXK6 H2:i [ f VHA%7S8< A%7m83F.XKE.LO.6 F#<VHA#I#ENX*6 H2:=K<.<>8eL^6<i = ΠF.I δ7 δ [ > f δ7 δ [ < 6K< δ7 δΠ[ > . o. s¨Oeg}dtS_ba]`aisq0ai\ sB¢ s+_y¨Oai\f¨2ai\fufefqr]`_yaisq. F (,-&"$C' :.F191' #
(211) PK9C"$qTe $&".91F ) Oev 9
(212) ,K'9 c"C ` U < C 1 < '
(213) ) APU )c,". UZH$
(214) ,
(215) ^ (,K1V"$ 19 TH(r G"$ ) c". -&".9(1+ K(r G"$& -&".9( •< 9("$C r 0l ("m G"$h9 O < (
(216) r )"$b' :.1TK1h L < UH(Q OPK+8 0l A".TMlTe |"IJ • 08([ OPK < 1(Ir B[e c"mZCGC9?
(217) ,"$^B 11A,I G"$k& -&".9( U"$ :.191' 089C?A"rC9 (9 k )P :["$ +' G"$k9 ) \9G".9G"$ ".A ' LH PU9B"$ 08 • (,K1V"- PUA"C ` UG".4)B"L kH < '1G < 1(Ir + PK["$ U •< C O[&"W0
(218) P4Q9H'+9PKbT9Q << g |"C G M '1M
(219) ,K9 (".;B"$ Or
(220) nL".9.0P '9 : c"$ • < (,K1V"PU9 A"$ << T9[r PU9Y"$ 08\(r 0 +
(221) "W; O)089.([J •. .
(222) >% *
(223) (W
(224) >! "3
(225) #3&(
(226) P-
(227)
(228) 3$#+l
(229) %&.'$%'3& - "g *3
(230) 2!U
(231) "!$ ( g!#
(232) #$( !6 X*H6 = :g6J8FVHA#I#E.XK<>83A@F SF.XKH6 =#:6W8eFRVHA#I#E.XK<>80A%F " 5= n.6 A%E< SF.XKH6 =#:6W8eF6KF<3H>Q " <>=KO.83D08 <eQA#7LM= H nN6j<m: 5= H6%: ;A#D0=*<>83De8<eQA#7LM= H nN6j<: 5.= H6%: ] HA#X*6@:2:B83FF.A 9.=*<83A#F ] HA#I#E.XK< 8eFF.A 9.= <>83A@F Z 83H2: <Sa LMA 9.6 H2$: #.=%I@9.=*F#<>=@?6 ] HA%7S8<>=CO.83D38< QA%7=%D0D<05.67S83H Ll: !A#LM83F= F<I6@:83?#F.fN: <>= F.I#= HI#8 =*<083A#F '=@H?6t9.= H 836K<eQA#71VNHA#IUENXK<S: `;ENLO.6*H'A%717S83HLl:. <>83LM6
(233)
(234) .
(235)
(236) ,
(237) . c". : < AI1[" #
(238) H19 ` y (,W&"$& :.191'
(239) #
(240) #". y[e < UHq'9C;,0!K9 ) 9
(241) ,K9 c".
(242) / "$hTPU < 08("r (,-$"$s `VJ
(243) C!"$k4336) \
(244) APU9 \U"$ < H A T1A"r$ )1[,- 0 90 ! l"$lC4? ," < 08 \-9D[" ".90 < "."L D1`9 +$ A" )1T1A,Q/ < ns.9?
(245) ," P4Q&,W < &".ns.9?
(246) ," < 9C )[J7 LA" ".9("$ ` U )W1(
(247) ,QHk 9A".TM". G"$19&,K1 ' h Ur 9?
(248) ," "$l (,-&"$C%' +.19U1' 8191'l1T "r
(249) H9CP c".
(250) ,"R.9?
(251) ," +%08A" , &".4(* U "$ (,B$"$&KJ)S," C9?
(252) ,"R : l?9%". },9QC".9U 7=
(253) ) OPK# (,-&"$C} L ;1+ \ 9
(254) >0C M1A". Qh S"$ ! (,W&"$&#".4 ". aU $, < 9QHawA 1A".
(255) QM19 TA"$
(256) w%9 (,-&"$CKJ
(257) l"$ \)"$4 ! L/"$! :Tb"$A"h) OPKl".14 ) %1D14 A". < H U$ c" <<
(258) L" , c".
(259) $ bH U08G"$ 08\Y
(260) ,""$A"/A y".14 ) '(/ ':BH19,C 9;"$`%19HA".%9 < :T1 )9* (VJ L}X1(,K0 < [".9 P ) )G"$0 '1
(261) D )89;1 )0 '1@CK&".0 (K9e < UHF : 1T9("81T U;"$C c
(262) ,". D w"$@ 9?
(263) ," F (,W&"$&p+ .N191'\S |"CF0 < ( D U '&.9 (" A".9.0l (" VJ 9 '( 0 < O '1dQ;&,Kc" y( H E1 )0 < 'A".{"$ P 'A".t"$ < 0 1 B :.nC191' + PA". OP +(,B$"$C '([J. qS %. not sB[Oe^]tO\oukuf[O¢ ai\ftO\^]ufsBqai¨O\. 9 ["$
(264) 8S'9C?8Zb43)57\43)5^H\)/9.?Zy43)5;^ \)[h":".9$19?89DX,K4 9xhZb433
(265) ^rAPU < . 9I h ) 9?T ,"R M 1a M9 OP&H )0z"$l"$. c"C ` U*X1(,K0 < [".9 a
(266) < "$( :h ="$ .
(267) z PU(".9 )'9CC s0DVJ _# 9C& 0DH99 +
(268) 9Tz + :0 < L".9;" z. <
(269) 40r '19HA".G[ < (,K1A" VJo2 9C!$ O 0 I'1A" _ U! B"$(H9 < (,K1Q" 9F;1 `)(". FA,K1F c"l UF089.?A".\S"$
(270) D'9CN. + 0 0!,W&".1N +F'9Ph )G,K1T9&". ("$ &.1A".
(271) =U "$"$1 UU |"C )* /08##&, << +KJ-G"$08 :T\g,19$".9 ("$}1 )0
(272) )0 "$.1A""$A"M"$w& O 0 (D "8? E"$wA".9 } U21A,-&". 09I4 < .9 1; \G08: < 9.9 1(h 'A".="$ #"$P9
(273) ,- < gI `'%19 T1T".4C :&". 1(M )R"$ < C (,K1A"*
(274) PA". J#"$ &, << O# '\U"$G1T UU c". ) ) < (,K1A"$ 89 hLH +,K19$". 80829P `PUG
(275) P4". 07J $C9H;" < (,K19Q 19 "$;,B 9e < 9 :08("PU9
(276) ,- < )(,K1Q"
(277) PKA"$ { |"C U &". 1A" 199 1A".4s '&". 1
(278) \B4= '0 < '0;"R &.9 (" < 1(I ( U < (,K1V"$ ` UKJ
(279) c".9 ["C OP < (,K19I "$(,-9
(280) 9 < 1(Ir UW1 0 < A". c"$ J P9#". +08\
(281) [PK9 \,19&". (" )T19 (H
(282) t '1A". v < 4 V".;[J!"$q08y :T\ k ,1T9&". ("$19
(283) H 11A,-$". U09Q )"$zA < H )(,K1Q"q9PU ".($". "$c".9CA"C OPK 199 1A".4s '&". 1
(284) \R9w;1i(,K O TwTe < 9 '1;# U !A""$9>9e < 1["! 0{"$ A < )(,K1["$\ ! `1( 199 1A".4s '&". 1
(285) /4 b0 U T < ".G". G"$ O < 9[ ".(&".4,-H9K
(286) J xrP;" ,KD1[,-&". 09QR ';1A" ! 9 '( ) < H )(,K1Q"r199 1[".9C &". 1(8)08lT1( 0
(287) /0 U < 1A".[:7JG!"$!&, << +} :T\ OP < )(,K1T9QR4s2 PU9"$ 08!%11A,K0!,'A".MAe < 9 1M U A"1A,-$"$ 09Q < C9VJU.l"$ 0D "$9LH H`(1["GH9C ;r ) < (,K1V"$ G".14
(288) 'i(,K
(289) B ! '19H < ".b"L l
(290) v14 &" < . )(,K1Q"$ J )X 1,K19&".9 ;"&@19
(291) H( \"$N 9?T ,7"M << 9Q
(292) d 9
(293) ,- < 0 J -W )(,K1Q" UPUA". U +08 ) (U1A,W N0 g$" G"$1A"L U DZ < C (,K19Q29F1A,-&". 09IC^D4 aA" , + C (".a"L 9 )"$ < (,K1V"$ dw1 &,K0 < ". w )hN&".49 x;N )Jm < (Q OPK 09C1w U8 )0 +;"8( OF
(294) P )OPK
(295) D lU9C 9Q8"$ q9("$$w '1p1 U. ( < w c"$
(296) PK
(297) &"$0(" q 1A,K0!K;" D < H )1;QD
(298) P["C R J x("$$F "$(,-D' +08 c".\F
(299) ID$C '1 '(" 1A,K0K;"B$ 0Te |"Y"$k (,W&"$&KJ. o. not sB[Oe^]tO\ou3]hs.wBnf\f[~}i[O¨OaSwBt~} q nf[w . [
(300) P P '1wf1 U'qZb433
(301) ]^ < < waPUHp +.C9H;"P L ` )q )D 9?
(302) ," J/~W l"$( . A,"$ UQ.9?T ," :R9HA".}%9e7".9C-".19 U 1r 19?\BAeU U4
(303) ,-/"$ "$l (,B$"$&KJ G$ Q&"W".19
(304) ) ) `1B 19?=HA" / ! c".!"$h9P < 08(" U-"$A < (,K1A"W
(305) DA,K1 G"$089C?A"I.J x/;" &8 R&". 0,K'A".G!"$G089C1 A < )$ c"m <<
(306) " , c".
(307) 'A".G"$ G"$ [ ".14 ) $A < )(,K1["$\G
(308) ,"$, Ti(,K;"CO"$9 F : < (I `PU (,K1["C < $ `" 089C /"$h +(,B$"$C B$"$&,K1A" , ! ".A : x;
(309) U8G 0 c".T(,K0K4/ & 0D/ l"$G (,W&"$&KJ k" 5.
(310) "$ :!$".9\Y M '1}1 C ( < U)S". D"$0A" , c"$} )"$ (,B$"$&\A u".19 U 1B"$ C T1A". U$ 09C
(311) *9=4 a$"$ 0,K'A".(/"$ < H )1;Q* /9;"$C\Y "$l08(". 0T\B +
(312) PU )OP #9%TAC,W&"$08(" k 1A,K0!K("$ O 0D[JW < H )1;Qh *AC,-$"C0;" :M
(313) C OP#=$". )19(&". 1 < 1(Ih `> .A EC O 0D=$,HP OPK="$ D9e7".9Ch 19?-J/N 4?
(314) ,
(315) ""$;,-8: :0 A".(8C O 0D '1d. ''>". < "K"$0 OPK
(316) B"$ G"$kA ".19
(317) ) UKJ o. not sB[Oe^]tO\ou3]hai¢ ai\f¨2[~jsB\¦]h_ + . ~W '+\SM: << 98Zb433
(318) ^ 9A".;!"$N 9?T ,""L a" =". 0l )M9("$CKJ/# $9 1a \k9 9 \Y"$=X1(,K0 < [".9 #
(319) <
(320) "$( UD"$ 'A"$ ' UDA" #$ s0D4/ x;D z 1T < T1 |"&gJ R,"B"$G
(321) Pc"$% /"$A"W"$ LR
(322) < "$( R R LI1[,-QI% U"$bU
(323) L_ )r!& 9_U &". 1A"$ KA" 9 C O 0DB '119PU;" ,K+! 1A,K0K;".\UA v9;"$ 9;".\
(324) A".1 09VJ -WC 1(I
(325) PA". #T19
(326) ;S"$9P9H91 &" S`9C$ O 0H\Y '1#9H"$0HH U 1A".
(327) Q U. "$ :B"$ < UW
(328) PKA"$ J
(329) [P9 \ 0k?9'08(;" 0Tl9 _"$T(P(".9 B`9C9r& js0DVJ ~W G &".1T\_`9C=$ s0DM9P". N14 PU9 < 1 C '1=1; " \S$,K19(MTe < ) )1 &" H\ M 1N: 08 `" "$ O
(330) "$J1A". `P |"& ) z E1;d F9e O |"14
(331) [" ,C)!". H19' PU9!"$ 07J 1A,-I8 Ur"$(H'08(" H\9CO ("$ 9;" 1T9#9PK <#< . )1;Q
(332) P["C )H\ )0A"C 08(0!,K1 [" ".9S"$9 +1A,K0K;" h U`A".1 09QVJ x_9 O("$ 4(" h14="$(,Wh9[ 'T9[ << g c". : < 1(Ik
(333) PKA"$ }H\ U"$ \ 1A,K0!K;" k9P". }Y c"$} ("$4 < . '0DS '1 9 NH`A"."$ "$ O%'9C x7w\h U"$w ("$9D\G'A".1T U04Q%TPUa". 14 U19;"$ A".N < (,K1V"*
(334) P["C = '1:
(335) "$0". a.
(336) t"L ND0 + '0!,0 x;% + 9k"L @&,$P `PU
(337) JW "$ 0 % )r("$C2 L/"$;,-*l08C RA".9C0 (" "$l$ 0A". D )r1 )0 < A"C |"C OPMPK;".9!
(338) P9 1A,K0K;" \/( +_(! w )7a".9.0 $,HP OPK PUhA".T1 )09I[J !081 0 <
(339) P (M( c".9CA". `PU9e < :A"C ` U "$G.9?
(340) ," J o. ¤:¢ sfai_ya wt } qr]`efufaisq0[O\Rqnft^sB[Oe^]. Cw"$ O < 9 U.?\ U "89@!' << 4DZb435;^D1 ) `9 ]U '&.9 ("8 (,W&"$.
(341) D C !"$A"-"$989PU )OP811
(342)
(343) ". + 'CTnC191'UJ;fd
(344) 14("$O\ 4& -Zy433)5;^/1 0 < 'A". "$S"$ 08G 4s '(W,;"C 43.3 4\)91 U$ 0TM"$A"-"$k (,-$"$
(345) B ! '1G 84 b G"$ O08A" , c"$8&".9 #"$D9 O 43)576)h.1= 9?
(346) ,"R ="$D1
(347) JW c". ' < H U 0z M '1%
(348) (H ) (H9 1 U4C0 < js '1;P: 'A". y << 9Q"$ y[PpKT 0 +;". +T". )[ Zs LH M: << 9r H\ 4336
(349) ^[J 3.
(350) AP4 \b0 g$"8 U!"$w1 U;"$C O
(351) ,". )% "$@`A". 4336) \k".9w"$ Q".9C0 ww+ '0 c".THA"2 U (,-&"$ (/ 9P )c,"$ ` U%'9C+}1 $ s08/". l"$l (,-&"$C% :.l19U1'
(352) JWX U0 "$!]= c"C '; (,-&"$ (d"$9H$ y; 9&PUt < 1 'N[":".9;"$ U #A,"$ 0
(353) :'\=" < A Ms |".9Q \A,"L U0 ':"$ O (H\ 1 004 1 :8 O 19H:"%$ D"$&,
(354) ?19C '9QH\b".9P L ` ) \b".4:9P ) < '1A" , N" ,(H\! < '1 ': : ZLM' << 9 0 \ 433 M' << 9R4#X) '0 ) 0 \ 4330 \ 4333 M' << 9 \66
(355) ^[J = 9?
(356) ,"r :_ )r1
(357) ,Q g"$k0 lH9
(358) ,'9 c".
(359) B"L k
(360) PU$"C jA".90 < s '1'+h c". +h"$
(361) (,W&"$C '(VJ. h '0 < ".9(" < 9 "M U"$ +
(362) PK
(363) $"$ O["$ U1 14sl"$$ ) |"C U 9?
(364) ," JrC0 g$"1; (H\. C 4? ,"8 ;#14 ) '9 08([ OPK9e c" )1T1A,CC
(365) q"$08A" ,C |"&$".9\b M '1
(366) P )OPK 4A"C OPUA"*;"$&% A".(VJ)!' << 4fd ':'9 Zb433g;^ 19 &="$ C ) c". )KJ-9N$"$ (QR"$["* < (,K1V" :*08=
(367) ""$ %9P9e < 9 '1T# ?T ,7"/ "$l(,K0!K9* )/C js0D9P9*1:
(368)
(369) 6 /"$ < 9?(,K0K4 \ k c" (k7,"G$,- i(,K;"CO T1 PU9Qk".
(370) P9h36 /"$ < 9?-J. h
(371) "$9 < 4&"r B"$GHH9 121 U1T9C"$!A".9C0 :A". U2 )B"$0 &" 0l ("[e < :A"$ ` U% ). C4? ," "$(I (,-&"$C '(*Z&M: << 9*aX :0 ) \)4333
(372) ^VJU $C4 ("r"$(H* # 4?
(373) ," C4? ,"9F U0 ("8; O)\G 9?T ,"9w".1A ) ) `1! 19?\GC9?
(374) ,"89N"$ 0 q ) 9;"$H v9 N"$(,-}1 0 < A". +7 |"C;1 ("$9 \M9p"$$ )
(375)
(376) H$,|" #089Cd )0 "$ & 0 < + '1r1 (".A"$ J-0 U 8l$ O 09
(377) ="$ (,-&"$C\g"$`I 9 |" <
(378) [ :: |"&} ) Ae c"IJ !F0[" ".9# #$;1A".\!$ + 0D= :1 < ["$ A"$T"$F (,-&"$CK$ @"$q 9?
(379) ,"$\9 1 0 < N"$(,-D"$d1
(380) " % U < ns.9?
(381) ,"$\GAPN"$d ($"%Ae c"2 Q".(D !F"$p.9?K
(382) ," 11A,QVJ H9
(383) _bZ 433);^C "$A"0 g$"h k"$(H $ 01 < " , %9C#089C?A".9H( < (,K1q9. < ;1A"$&,0 U < (,K1A" [Jh"$F1T U;"$ 9&\1T U
(384) L" U < g$".nsC9?
(385) ,
(386) "% ! `1( 9.
(387) , <
(388) ,
(389) 4l$ 0w:[".1 09Q9 #14 19".9C Ox>"$
(390) &"M[e c"h A".(VJ/X 0# ) "$0&,CP OPKZ 9$ r L"L) \ 433
(391) ^C\Y7," )11[, < 08:089C?["R '1( Z.M' << 9 ) \ 433
(392) ^VJ) " << 4Q \D0
(393) P9 \l"$A"%"$$ O[&"0
(394) P9Q4%
(395) P;".9p '1UC c" "$1 L" > < n C4? ,"g LU OH1A".`1 1A"."$ G"$ Or1 < 1 c"& )W[&,W&"$0("m G".9C0 UW + UP["C OPkTP ` , Z& 0 < )(,K1Q"W
(396) PA". G". < . )1T(Qr
(397) PA".
(398) ^[JX9?T ,"W B"$(,-([ (". :8
(399) OP!!"C 08 + r;"$C\-92". %G
(400) I 9R4 c".9 A". OP!9e < 9A". '1D 1`,KG"$!04C1! / 0l ("m( j) kA ".T19
(401) ) ) 1T"$ &I1[".
(402) &KJ. 46.
(403)
(404)
(405)
(406) "$
(407) . . ; UWG 4? ,"Y(QH;"C `'+
(408) `PKGM"$9PK U|,"C ".19 U PU9B"$14 ,I k "$ (,-&"$CD' C191'! L < (Q OPKO}1:'
(409) }GA yP Q ` )J
(410) 99QH U2Zb433);^kC 8"$A" "$G"
(411) c". Y".14 ) % ) < "$ 1;B: |"C U <
(412) ,W = "$2I0 'nC1 (,K1A". QR (,-$"$C#
(413) ,K: 9PUUq < :;1TA $, < 9 ".14 U (N$,K1( !n&HTK} U};1A"$C )VJ & "$
(414) |"$ U".T19 )` U9PK9&"$`I < 9I L$".NNw#,9e < ;1A".N
(415) > )w9 +1T2"$ C Y,-H9Q 1 U;"$ (,g2"L < C OP :'9G"$ /".1 U\B9=D < 1 'C '1l C9 x;["C % "$ +(,B$"$C ( '0 < '08;".N c"$F$ s0D29P < 1 )0 < '08(".4H@1 )0 < [".91 :;[Jfd 4 PU9 \/fN,K: bZ 4336\ 433
(416) ^RC 8"$A"-"$G )7l".9 0P '9 :' c"&2 C O[&"r0 PU9Q/ :[". h:4CG(,K0!K9 g (,-&"$ (". < 1 & '1$([" , (> U08uZs$,K1 (F [".nL, < 9 $ c".1 u1 &" H\A" U.? Ae7".9C' c"C '(_ )r& ),W 9QH\Y 4&"C `!&.;1A" R(,Kk"$ l"$!1A,-&"L U094Lr,19&". ("$2 U2i(,K c"$\Y 9&"$ ' &.1A" _(,Kb"$ l"$!1A,-$". U049 R9e < 9 :1(M U9e L$"C < (,K1Q" R9= 9CP '1
(417) C^ \-(r 'B;&, << : Zs$,K19HA".nL, < 4N["
(418) C?>Ae
(419) ".4C c". :
(420) M < ,K14Q \/T1 U U0 '
(421) M UhI1:T\/1 &"$n.19 ; + '9 8,B ^[J
(422) ~W :+\ ! ?%bZ 433)5;^k 8"$A"/ 19 ( % A" ,CR z u k "W"$ 08C U808(" N"$& jA$"!0 PU9Q41 0 < A"$ c". OP(QH\_7,""$A"MA" M C?d9$.1A" 9PUa# ["$9 1 OPK$.(1["IJ
(423) APK < 0;".\)1T1A,0h,'A"$ \ :$L,W )M,-I4 )W1 )0 < A".41 '9 S"$(,W ?9'08(" D M '1
(424) OPK>"$ (,-$"$HnC :.19U1 4\!(} ,7".19 0\!
(425) P `PUF OK: +$.9 ("-P ) 9?T ,"- M 1l r1 4B"$ b"$Sfd9Q :: 'G"$ T
(426) c"C ` UKJ. not sB[Oe^]tO\ou w[O¢ s^}dsB¢
(427) sB\^]`tO_,+ wB[S¢ sfsb]`s\waisBq. % . C(,-&"$C :.G19U1'I(K9H$ 1A,Wr l
(428) ,-&"$C `r ! '11 )0 < ["C c". + UP["C < 1 H U0"$! (".4 1A"$ KA" 9DC js0D*ZC 1A,K0!K(" RD;"$ 9;" C^ |"$ +%h) OPKD089C?A".\ :0 |". y"$ < ,H1(I(zI'(d )>u 0 9
(429) ,- < (,K1A" J8z )0 11( ` ))H\
(430) AP9H\ PU9&"$ 1;k 'A". < 8A" 9F. + 0DD F"$N (,-$"$C@"$ D O ;1A"2&, << + '9ID 1A,-$". U04Q9PKD=$"$C
(431) 0 < 1["* U%"$DAPU )c,"$ U* +(,B$"$C
(432) [J-C7
(433) PKA"$ < 1(QH( Ti(, OI "$T11A,K0G,'A". u )1 0 < :08(".9C 1 )0 < [".91 :
(434) H\=( #
(435) du$CT1A"C OPU1 )
(436) ["C [" q$ + 0D '1F9 [". "$; w1 )0 < A".1 (VJGX 1a"$@ (,W&"$&q }19H1A".9C x;Tp &"$.
(437) %1
(438) A". A" 9#$, << ' '9QR < )(,K1T9Q \-
(439) < . (,K19Q_9 [". '9QH\ < )1T(QH(R ) 9;"$H9e c"BU1 )0b (,W&"$&ns < 1 C '1
(440) J hc".9 A"C OPK :.1TU1: < A"'".9C)W"$(,-r << ;9H\)APU(" ,K: c"$M ns 9?T ," < 9 0
(441) J. O.
(442) Cq )08N (,-&"$ ;"$089.1w < ;1 ': x;T$, << ' '9Q".9l". F TnC(08 x; "$;"$C < 1(I! #"$ <
(443) % )08A" , c" KJ9w9PK < A < (,K1V"$ ` U < )1T(QH( \/[ < 1 :' +x7 i(,K < 0;".\kA ".19 ) U["G"$ , < &"$H90 '9PhH'G |"!"$ q9
(444)
(445) !$"$ 90 < ".4("$ ; 9;"$ 9("} ! t1T < 9"$ < '1
(446) J9z :$ :1;(".OuT19
(447) U9C '9Q". u9("$& .9P 1 0 < A". c". UKJ k081 I0 /;11A,K0!,'A"$ ` U}2" 9) .9* /A t1 )0 < A".91 '(* * -H9CP 9l 1A,K0(".! !P9
(448) ,-r (,W&"$C
(449) VJ C %108 :1T < A"$ 190 '1LH\ < (,K1A"$ %(* :19
(450) T < '` :".9/oq op9RCk "$ 2XYJ h:".9!6aU9Q U&,K11TI L,K*1 0l089H1 ': x7A"$ w bPU9 ,- < (,K1A" Zs " 7 T\ C(".A". 1 C OHb < '
(451) &". 1(.^ \D'9CD(,K0!K9h ) < ;1 ' x7;a4
(452) +;9
(453) C 0b089.*". @ 4&P 1"$ < (,K19QVJR( < 1 '' x
(454) T$, << '9[%9P < A 08A"$ )) U < (,K1V"$ ` U :1q1TFK 1i(,K O T@w
(455) "$ 1A,0!K(" 84A E("$ 4(" < A"$. )190l '1; < A".9;" 89 '1;)
(456) VJ (,- \c"$ ,D"$ 2X10 '1r (,-&"$C#(h[[
(457) #4sOTPU;".9 < ["$ )140 :1T H\ "$ :PU(".9=(!T < (Q OPUd9H )(G".T19
(458) ) )
(459) M :$L,W \9: xr, < =9 [ < w". F9.C
(460) "$ < 9F
(461) "$921 ,;" C '(". F9;".9l"$N (,-&"$CKJ/C19 (ITF1 )0 < ["C c"$ ` U\ 1 0 <
(462) ,##"CD ) k 19? _"$ 436gb@
(463) < gI O ': c". '(h$ U! :C '1(" < (,K1Q" UPUA". U \1A,K:08 A".( D1 (". (,K
(464) < 1(Q SH(&"$&,K1[" ,C
(465) -J-rlH(&"$&,K1[" ,C
(466) # ;&,Kc" h : 0 < (,K1A"r$ 1A,- T$ s0D*D0 G UU' x;=$ s0DVJU$"' D99 A".;RG T(,K1A"C ` UD z (".) |"&2 +P &" ,K+2'B&,n 1A". QH\)AeU1 < "-"$h+ 'C 1 1( '1! 9H "$ T
(467) c"C ` U'+2 < 9&"m U "$140 '1 +(,W&"$$!
Documents relatifs
To test whether the vesicular pool of Atat1 promotes the acetyl- ation of -tubulin in MTs, we isolated subcellular fractions from newborn mouse cortices and then assessed
Néanmoins, la dualité des acides (Lewis et Bronsted) est un système dispendieux, dont le recyclage est une opération complexe et par conséquent difficilement applicable à
Cette mutation familiale du gène MME est une substitution d’une base guanine par une base adenine sur le chromosome 3q25.2, ce qui induit un remplacement d’un acide aminé cystéine
En ouvrant cette page avec Netscape composer, vous verrez que le cadre prévu pour accueillir le panoramique a une taille déterminée, choisie par les concepteurs des hyperpaysages
Chaque séance durera deux heures, mais dans la seconde, seule la première heure sera consacrée à l'expérimentation décrite ici ; durant la seconde, les élèves travailleront sur
A time-varying respiratory elastance model is developed with a negative elastic component (E demand ), to describe the driving pressure generated during a patient initiated
The aim of this study was to assess, in three experimental fields representative of the various topoclimatological zones of Luxembourg, the impact of timing of fungicide
Attention to a relation ontology [...] refocuses security discourses to better reflect and appreciate three forms of interconnection that are not sufficiently attended to