Creating user-adapted Websites by the use of collaborative filtering

"! $# %& ')(*',++-.') 0/, 12 3+4 5

67389;:=<>73?)@2ACBD78EF792GHBD7IJEKJ9<

LNMPORQTSUQTVWQYX V[ZJ\N]_^`bacd\fehgZ_QT`\4MDQ ^fikjlV[mnQTSU`\No3Spg,q^``VWMDSp]_gQTSU^MrO

stvuw-x)azyW{w|y4}~€^_e‚WSUg-ƒ…„†M‚QTS‡eh^mˆS‰OdazŠ‹ZJgM‚]_\

Œ

„kZ_M‚oWŽ^-WZ‘O_’ps\4Z_M‚g3Z“o[ˆj\4Z_Spgmˆo^|”‚•\4V[ZJ\N]_^`–i—Z

˜™š›œ€ž[›rŸ  

>B2IJ8¡N<F7¢£E‹¤[I“<F8¦¥KJ<F§EFK“IJ¨DE‹¤WIJ<F8IJ89©$ª‚B‚9¦§Y«¬¤[>B27E­$I“9

9BP®¯BDKJ<­¢£B‚8Y¤°<±¡²¤[>B£³R8Y¤WB‚738Br¤´EF89*¤W>BµEªDª‚<F¢v­EF8¶«IJ8¥;EF9<F­¤WIJ<8*<±¡

¤W>$B´·BD§*¤W>7<F©¥F><F©¤¸¤W>Bµ?<ªDI“BP¤4«bKJB‚EF9?"¤W<¹·BD§º?I»¤WB‚?"¼¸>IJªW>*7B‚EFª[>

KJEF7¥BµE©9$I“BD8ª‚BD?‚½

>B¾9$I¿®¶B‚73?I»¤4«b<‹¡,¤W>B£E©$9IJB‚8ªDB‚?E89*¤[>B¾8BDB‚9º<±¡

ªD©?-¤W<F¢vBD7¸7BP¤WB‚8Y¤WIJ<827BDÀ©IJ7BEªP¤WI»®¯B=·BD§b?I»¤WB‚?Á¼Á>$I“ª[>2Br­k<?BäW>BD¢¾Ä

?BDK»®¯BD?ÅIJ8ÆEHªD©?-¤W<F¢vIJ¨DB‚9º<F7¾­kB‚7?3<8EFKJIJ¨‚B‚9Ǽ²ED«dÈ·B;ªDEKJKz¤W>$<?B¹?3I¿¤[B‚?

É ?B‚7|Ä4E9EF­¤WBD9Ê·B‚§º?I»¤WBD?‚½ËBr¼ ¤WB‚ª[>8<FKJ<¥FIJB‚?¸EF7B.8BDª‚B‚?3?E7|«Ì¤[<¹­kB‚7-Ä

?<F8EFKJI“¨DB²EF89£ª‚©?-¤[<¢£IJ¨‚B²ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Í½Î³—8¡N<F7¢vE±¤WIJ<F8.ÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥¸ª‚EF8v§kB©?3B‚9

¡N<F7£¤W>B29IJ?ªD<D®¯BD7-«Ñ<±¡´I“¢£­k<F7-¤WEF8¶¤vªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤;E89ÒIJ?£¤W>BD7Br¡N<F7B2EÓFBr«ÎÄ

¤WBDªW>$8<KJ<F¥‹«¹¡_<7,¤W>B&ªD7B‚E±¤WIJ<F8;<±¡©?BD7-Ä4E9$E­¤[B‚9£·B‚§2?I»¤WBD?‚½

³—8´¤[>IJ?kE7-¤[I“ªDKJB–¼²BÔ¡N<ªD©?<F8=¤W>BzE­­$K“IJªDE‹¤WIJ<F8<±¡ÐªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÕÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥

¡N<F7)©?BD7-Ä4EF9E­¤WB‚9.·BD§¹?I»¤WB‚?D½F·B?|¤W©9IJB‚9Ö¤WB‚ª[>8IJÀ©$B‚?¡N<F7)ª‚<F¢.§IJ8IJ8¥

EF89´IJ8Y¤WB‚¥F7E±¤WIJ8¥²ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥z¼¸I»¤W>´ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÕÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥

IJ8¾<F79BD7–¤W<&EF9973B‚??¤« ­IJªDEK­7<F§KJB‚¢£?–IJ8¾ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BzÏ5K¿¤[B‚7IJ8¥?-«?-Ä

¤WBD¢v?£EF89Ò¤W<ºIJ¢v­$7<D®¯BʤW>B2­kBD7-¡N<F7¢vEF8ªDB½ÔפW>$B‚7¾IJ??©$B‚?µ¼Á>$I“ª[>ÒE7B

¢£B‚8Y¤WIJ<8BD9§©¤v<8$K¿«KJIJ¥F>¶¤WK»«ºª‚<D®¯BD7B‚9ØI“8$ª‚KJ©9B£©?BD7¾IJ8¶¤WBD7-¡NEFª‚B¹ª[>EK»Ä

KJB‚8$¥BD?‚½

<®FEKJIJ9E±¤WB<©7ÙE­$­7<FEª[>B‚?†¼²B²9BP®¯BDKJ<­kBD9E¸­$7<‹¤[<‹¤« ­kB–©?3B‚7-Ä

EF9EF­¤WB‚9Ú·B‚§2?I»¤WBFÛ¶¤W>$B6ªr¤WI»®¶B·B‚§G*©?BD©¢2Û¶Ev¢.©?3B‚©¢ ·B‚§Ê?I»¤WBÛ

¼¸>IJª[>HBP ­k<F?B‚?I»¤W?¸ª‚<FKJKJB‚ªr¤[I“<F8bIJ8bEÊ­kB‚7?<F8EFKJI“¨DB‚9Ú¼²E‚«º§¶«Ç¤W>B.©?B.<±¡

ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÁÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥½

ÜÝrÞ¶ß౜áš[Ÿ â

<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÙÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥ Û[­kBD7?<F8EKJIJ¨‚E±¤WIJ<F8ÛªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9

ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥Û¶©?BD7-Ä4E9$E­¤[B‚9£·B‚§Ç?I»¤WB‚?‚ÛηBD§2¢Å©$?B‚©¢

G*<73B´EF89b¢£<7B=IJ8¡N<F7¢vE±¤WIJ<F8;IJ?¸ED®EFI“KJEF§KJB<F82¤W>$B.³R8Y¤WB‚738Br¤¤W>73<©¥F>

·BD§¬?3I¿¤[B‚?‚½ &B‚8BD7EKJK»«¯Û†¤W>BD?Bµ·B‚§¦?I»¤WB‚?=¡N<Ϊ‚©?.<F8¦­7<D® IJ9IJ8¥ÊI“8¡N<7|Ä

¢£E‹¤[I“<F8b<F8H?3B‚7-®I“ªDB‚?E8$9b­7<Î9©ªr¤[?‚½ <F¢£Br¤WIJ¢£B‚?‚Û¤W>Br«bEFKJ?<¹EKJKJ<D¼ ¤W<

­kBD7-¡N<F7¢ ¤W7EF8?EFªr¤[I“<F8?‚½

>B´?I»¤WB=<D¼Á8$B‚7ª‚<F¢v­IJKJB‚?,E£®EF?-¤°EF¢£<©8Y¤<±¡

IJ8¡N<F7¢£E‹¤[I“<F8 EF89 <F7¥FE8IJ¨DB‚?;I»¤2I“8EÑ>Y« ­kBD7-¤WBrÂΤ;?-¤W7©$ªr¤W©73Bb<‹¡.·BD§

­EF¥FB‚?´IJ8ºE2¼²ED«º¤W>$E‹¤´IJ?´¢£<F?-¤Å9BD?IJ7EF§KJB´¡_<7=Br ­kBDªr¤WBD9H©$?B‚7?D½ É ?B‚73?

>ED®¶B§kB‚B‚8.7BDª‚<F¥8$I“¨DB‚9.EF?E®¶B‚7-«=®EFK“©$E§KJBzE?3?Br¤z¤W<"·B‚§¾?I»¤WBD?‚Û‹BF½¥½¶EF?

EF9®¶B‚7-¤WIJ?BD¢vBD8¶¤´EF©9IJB‚8$ª‚B.<7.­k<±¤WB‚8Y¤WIJEKª‚©?-¤[<¢£B‚7?D½

>BD7Br¡N<F7BFÛk·BD§

?I»¤WBD?,¤W7-«£¤W<¾¤[I“B"¤W>BDIJ7²©?BD7?,¤W<.¤W>$B‚IJ7²?BD7-® IJªDB‚?²§Y«;­7<D® IJ9IJ8¥=¢v<F7B&BP¡ Ä

ÏЪDIJB‚8¶¤NBF½¥½¿Û5KJB‚??Á¤WIJ¢vBPÄ4ª‚<F8?©¢£IJ8¥EFª‚ªDB‚??"¤W<¹­73Br¡NBD77B‚92ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Í½6

?IJ8¥FKJB>Y« ­kBD7-¤WBrÂԐ?-¤W7©$ªr¤W©73B–¡N<F7EKJKΩ?B‚73?k¡NEFIJK“?Ù¤W<"Eª[>IJBr®¶B)§7<FE9.?E±¤WIJ?-Ä

¡NEFªr¤[I“<F8¾§kBDª‚EF©?B)¤[>B²©?3B‚7?z>ED®¯B9IkB‚7BD8¶¤§$Eª[Ó¥F7<F©89?–EF89.¡_<ª‚©$?B‚?‚½

>BD7Br¡N<F7BFÛÙ·B‚§?3I¿¤[B‚?&¼¸>IJª[>EF9EF­¤.¤W<2I“8$9I»® IJ9©EK©?B‚73?´EF7B¹KJI“ÓFB‚K»«

¤W<¹§kB=¢v<F7B=E‹¤¤[7EªP¤WI»®¯B=E8$9b?©ªDª‚B‚?3?-¡N©K—½$×°8$B´EF­­7<FEª[>2¡N<F7§©IJKJ9I¿8¥

?©$ªW>º?I»¤WBD?ªD<8$?IJ?-¤W?I“8*KJBr¤¤[I“8$¥¾¤W>$BÅ©$?B‚7?&ªD<8$?ª‚IJ<F©?K»«Ì9BPÏÐ8B=­7Br¡_B‚7-Ä

BD8ª‚BD?´¤[>7<F©¥>Æ©?BD7´­7<±ÏÐKJB‚?DÛk¼¸>IJª[>EF7B¹¤W>$B‚8©$?B‚9 ¤W<b­kB‚73?<8$EKJIJ¨‚B

¤W>$B‚IJ7,® IJ?I»¤W?)¤[<£¤W>E±¤l·BD§b?I»¤WBF½

>B‚8ÙÛ¤W>B·BD§b?I»¤WB=­7B‚?3B‚8¶¤[?lE¹ªD©?-Ä

¤W<F¢£I“¨DB‚9*®I“BP¼ EF9EF­¤WBD9*¤W<ʤW>B£©?B‚7?´IJ8Y¤WB‚7BD?-¤W?‚½<D¼²Br®¶B‚7DÛ?©ª[>EF8

EF­­7<FEFªW>b9$<B‚?7BDÀ©IJ7B¤W>$B´©?BD7?Bk<F7-¤¤[<¹9BrÏÐ8$B´>IJ?©?BD7-Ä4­7<±ÏÐKJBÛ

¤W>$Bl9$B‚?IJ¥F8B‚7‰?Bd<F7-¤z¤W<´?3B‚KJB‚ªP¤¤W>$Bl­k<F??IJ§KJB)­EF7EF¢vBP¤WB‚73?–¡N<F7z¤W>B­73<‹Ä

ÏÐKJBFÛD¤W>B²9$Br®¶B‚KJ<­kBD7?Bd<F7-¤–¤W<IJ¢v­$K“BD¢vBD8¶¤Ù¤W>B²8$B‚ª‚BD??EF7-«Å­$7<ªDB‚9©73B‚?‚Û

EF89*¤W>B.ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤´­7<D® IJ9BD7?&Bd<F7-¤&¤W<ʪ‚E±¤WB‚¥F<73I“¨DB¾Br®¶B‚7|« I»¤WBD¢ <‹¡I“8Ä

¡N<F7¢£E‹¤[I“<F8½Î³_¤²?B‚BD¢v?Ô¤W<´§kB"¢v<F7B9B‚?IJ7EF§KJB)¤[<´©?B¢£Eª[>IJ8BKJB‚EF78IJ8¥

¤WBDªW>$8IJÀ©BD?–¡N<F7²EF©¤W<F¢£E‹¤WIJªDEKJK»«¾E9EF­¤WIJ8¥¤[>B·B‚§Ä4?I»¤WB¼¸I»¤W>vKJI»¤¤WKJB<F7

8<¦Bd<F7-¤;KJBr¡ ¤¹¡_<7Ú¤W>Bb©?3B‚7¹EF89Ò¤W>BD8 Br ­k<F?B2¤[>B2·B‚§?I»¤WB2¼¸I»¤W>

Eº©?3B‚7-Ä4EF9EF­¤WB‚9¦?-¤[7©ªr¤[©7B½Ù·B2ªDEKJKE*·B‚§Ò?I»¤WB¹¼¸>IJª[>¦E9EF­¤W?£I»¤W?

?-¤[7©ªr¤[©7B"¤W<.¤W>B&IJ89$I¿®IJ9 ©$EK©$?B‚7! " $#&%'("*)+-,.0/1%'‚½

>IJ?&¤[7B‚89Æ<‹¡¸©?3B‚7-Ä4EF9EF­¤WB‚9Ç·B‚§¦?I»¤WBD?‚ÛÙI“8ƪ‚<F8¶¤W73E7-«º¤[<2¤W>B£?-¤WE±¤WIJª

ªD<KJKJB‚ªP¤WIJ<8¹<±¡–>¶« ­kBD7-¤WBP¤²9<Ϊ‚©¢£B‚8Y¤W?‚ÛÎ8B‚ªDB‚??I»¤WE±¤WBD?)8Br¼¤WB‚ª[>8<FKJ<¥FIJB‚?

EF89º¤[<<FK“?¤[<ÌEF9EF­¤´¤[<Ì©$?B‚7?D½×&8BvÓFBr«*¤WBDªW>8$<KJ<F¥‹«ºIJ?&I“8¡N<73¢vE±¤WIJ<8

ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥ÛF¼¸>IJªW>2ª‚EF82IJ9B‚8Y¤WI»¡ «v7BDK“BP®EF8¶¤l­$E¥FB‚?¡_<7B‚EFª[>b©?BD7‚½

³—8¡N<F7¢vE±¤WIJ<F8 ÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥¦¤WB‚ª[>8IJÀΩB‚?Ê¡NEFKJK¾IJ8 ¤4¼²< IJ89BD­kB‚89B‚8Y¤ÌªDE‹¤WBPÄ

â â

§EF?BD9;Ï5K¿¤[B‚7IJ8¥&IJ?§EF?B‚9Ê<82ª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤¸EF8EFK¿«?IJ?²<±¡¤W>Bª‚<F8?IJ9B‚73B‚9;<F§Ä

BDªr¤W?DÛB½¥½¤[B‚7¢ ¡_7B‚ÀΩB‚8ªP«v¡_<7,¤WBP¤¸9<ªD©¢£B‚8¶¤[?‚ÛEF89ÊI¿¤[?²7BDK“E±¤WIJ<F8¹¤W<

¤W>$B¾©?BD7?&­73Br¡NBD7B‚8ªDB‚?‚½ <7=ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§$E?BD9bÏ5K¿¤[B‚7IJ8¥£I»¤´I“?¤[>B‚7BP¡N<F7B

8BDª‚BD??EF7-«¯ÛD¤W>$E‹¤k¤W>$B7BD?©K»¤W?k<±¡ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤EF8EFK»« ?IJ?kEF89&©?BD7­7BP¡NB‚73B‚8ªDB‚?

ªDE8Æ7B‚KJIJE§$K¿«2E8$9EF©¤W<F¢vE±¤WIJª‚EFKJK¿«b§kB¾9$Br¤WBD7¢vIJ8BD9½$· >IJKJBÅ73B‚ª‚BD8¶¤.7BrÄ

?BDE73ªW>º?>$<‚¼¸?&¥F<<Î9º7B‚?©$K¿¤[?¡N<F7¤W>B.ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§$E?BD92ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥¾<±¡)¤WBrÂΤ

9<Ϊ‚©¢£B‚8Y¤W?‚ÛÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥µ<‹¡)<‹¤[>B‚7¸¢£B‚9$I“EÛ5E?EF©9IJ<vEF89Ç® IJ9BD< Û$I“?>EF79

9©$B£¤W<b¤[>B¹KJI“¢£I»¤WE±¤WIJ<8?&<±¡ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤vEF8EFK»« ?IJ?&¤[B‚ª[>8<FK“<F¥±«E‚®FEIJKJE§$K“BF½

â

<FK“KJEF§k<73E‹¤WI»®¶BÊÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥*IJ?vEF8<±¤W>BD7¹E­­$7<EFª[>Ò¤W<¦I“9$B‚8¶¤[I¿¡‘«¬<F§ BDªr¤W?‚Û

¼¸>IJª[>¹E7B"7B‚KJBr®FE8Y¤)¤W<´E.©?BD7‚½³R8¹ª‚<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÔÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥<F§ BDªr¤W?,E7B

?BDKJB‚ªr¤[B‚9£¡N<F7)E¾­EF7-¤WIJª‚©$K“EF7–©?3B‚7‚ÛF¼¸>IJª[>¹E73B7BDKJBr®EF8¶¤)¤W<.?IJ¢£IJK“EF7–©?3B‚7?‚½

&B‚8BD7EKJK»«¯Û$IJ8bª‚<FKJK“EF§k<F7E‹¤[I¿®¶B&Ï5K¿¤[B‚7IJ8¥.¤[>B´ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤´<‹¡z¤W>B.<F§ BDªr¤W?&IJ?

IJ¥F8<73B‚9;EF89Ê<8K»«¹<‹¤[>B‚7©?BD7?<F­IJ8IJ<8$?)<8Ú¤W>B&ª‚<F8?IJ9BD7B‚9¹<F§ B‚ªr¤[?

EF7B´73B‚KJBr®EF8¶¤€½

>$B‚7BP¡N<73BÛª‚<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯B"ÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥´IJ?¸B‚?3­kB‚ª‚IJEFKJK¿«£I“8Y¤WB‚7|Ä

BD?-¤WIJ8¥=¡N<F7l<F§ B‚ªr¤[?‚ÛΡN<F7²¼¸>IJª[>;ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤ÁEF8EFK»« ?IJ?²IJ?Ô¼²B‚EFÓ;<F7lIJ¢£­k<?3?I»Ä

§KJBF½ <D¼²Br®¶B‚7DÛ¤[>B´­kBD7-¡N<F7¢vEF8ªDB<±¡ª‚<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯B"ÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥´7BDK“IJBD?²<F8

¤W>$B¾E¢£<F©8¶¤´<±¡lED®EFIJK“EF§KJB.<­$I“8$I“<F8?¸<F8º¤[>B.ª‚<F8?IJ9B‚73B‚9*<§ B‚ªP¤W?´EF89

I»¤¤W>BD7Br¡N<F7B"¡NEFI“KJ?Ô¼Á>$B‚8Ê¡NBr¼ <F78<v<F­IJ8IJ<F8?)E73B&Ó8<D¼¸8½

68<±¤W>B‚7I“¢£­k<F7-¤WEF8¶¤IJ??©$B²¡_<7zE9$E­¤[E‹¤WIJ<F8¾9BDEKJ?¼ÁI»¤W>µ¤W>BIJ¢£­EªP¤<F8

¤W>$B¸©?BD7)I“8Y¤WB‚7|¡NEªDB½IJ7?-¤€ÛF¤W>B¸IJ8¡_<7¢£E±¤WIJ<8.¤[>E‹¤)IJ?)9IJ?­KJED«¯BD9v?3><©$K“9

§kB2EF9E­¤WB‚9¦¤[<º¤W>B2©?3B‚7µ¼ÁI»¤W>$<©¤µ® IJ<KJE±¤WIJ8¥*B‚9I»¤W<F7IJEK,ª‚<F8?-¤W73EIJ8¶¤[?‚½

BDª‚<F89Û¤W>B´©$?B‚7"¡NB‚BD9§EFªWÓÚ¤W>E±¤IJ?¸7BDÀ©IJ7BD9;¤[<¹E9EF­¤¸¤[>B=ÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥

?-«?-¤WBD¢ ?><F©KJ9;§kB?¢£<<±¤W>K»« IJ8Y¤WB‚¥F7E±¤WB‚9ÊI“8ʤW>$B&I“8Y¤WB‚7|¡NEªDB½

×&©7¼²<73Ób¡N<Ϊ‚©?3B‚?&<F8º¤W>Bµ©?B¾<±¡lIJ8¡N<F7¢£E‹¤[I“<F8ÇÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥µ¤WBDªW>8$I“ÀΩB‚?

¤W<ºªD<8$?-¤W7©ªP¤v©?BD7-Ä4EF9E­¤WB‚9 ·B‚§Ò?I»¤WB‚?‚½Ô³—8 ­EF7-¤WIJª‚©KJEF7‚ÛÙ¼²BbEF997BD??

¤W>$B¸IJ??©BD?<±¡ªD<¢.§IJ8IJ8¥ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§$E?BD9vEF89¹ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÔÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥ Û

EF?¸¼²BDKJKEF?©?3B‚7,¡NB‚BD9§EFªWÓÊE8$9b9« 8$E¢£IJª­73B‚?BD8¶¤WE±¤WIJ<8Ù½6 ­73<‹¤W<±¤4«­kB

·BD§Ì?3I¿¤[BÛΤW>B&6ªr¤[I¿®¶B·B‚§$GH©?3B‚©¢ IJKJK“©$?-¤W7-E‹¤[B‚?)<F©7E­­$7<EFª[>½

³—8b¤W>$I“?"E7-¤[I“ªDKJBÛ¼²BÖÏÐ7?-¤&­7BD?B‚8Y¤<©$7­73<‹¤W<±¤4«­kB´©?3B‚7-Ä4EF9EF­¤WB‚9Ê·BD§

?I»¤WBFÛΤW>B6ªP¤WI»®¯B·BD§G*©?B‚©$¢ IJ8;?BDªr¤WIJ<F8½5³—8Ì­$E7-¤[I“ªD©KJE7z¼²B¡_<ª‚©$?

<F8º¤« ­IJª‚EFK–BDK“BD¢vBD8¶¤W?¼¸>IJª[>ºE73Bv<±¡lIJ8¶¤[B‚7BD?-¤&¡N<F7´E2§7<FE9$B‚7&EF­­KJIJª‚E±Ä

¤WIJ<F8´IJ8.<‹¤[>B‚79<F¢vEFIJ8?‚½ ³R8.?BDªr¤WIJ<F8E±¡ ¤WB‚79BD?ª‚73I“§$I“8$¥)¤W>Bz©89$B‚7K»« IJ8¥

ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÖÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥¹EFKJ¥<F7I»¤W>¢ ¼²B;­73B‚?BD8¶¤ÅªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9 ¤WB‚ª[>Ä

¤W<µI“¢£­7<D®¶BI»¤W?,­kB‚7-¡_<7¢£EF8ª‚BF½ ©7-¤[>B‚7‚ÛY¼²B&­7<D®I“9$B7BD?©K»¤W?z¡N73<¢ BrÂÎÄ

­kBD7IJ¢vBD8¶¤W?‚½ I“8$EKJK»«¯Ûμ²B¾9$I“?3ª‚©??"E¹¢v<F7B.¥BD8B‚73EKEF­­KJIJª‚E±¤WIJ<8Ê<‹¡)<©$7

ÏÐ8$9IJ8¥?DÛЪD<8$ª‚KJ©9B.EF89º9B‚?3ª‚7IJ§kB&¡_©7-¤W>BD7?|¤WB‚­?&<±¡²¤[>IJ?&7B‚?BDE73ªW>ºIJ8

?BDªr¤WIJ<F8 ½

ݘž[› FÝHÝD™ Κ-Ý

B‚7BFÛμ²B&ÏÐ73?-¤l¢£<‹¤[I¿®FE‹¤WB"¤W>B&8$B‚B‚9Ú¡N<F7l©$?B‚7©?BD7-Ä4EF9E­¤WB‚9£·BD§Ì?3I¿¤[B‚?

EF89E±¤´¤[>Bv?3E¢£B£¤WIJ¢vBµ¥I»®¶BvEb§$7<EF99$BrÏÐ8I»¤WI»<8Ù½

>BD8º¼²B¹­73B‚?BD8¶¤

<F©7­7<±¤W<±¤4« ­kB"¤W>B&6ªr¤[I¿®¶B·B‚§$GH©?3B‚©¢2½

"!#%$&')(+*,!

>B9B‚?3I“¥F8¹EF89¹ª‚7BDE‹¤[I“<F8¹<±¡·BD§;?I»¤WBD?)>EF?²§kB‚ªD<¢£BE8ÊI“8$9©?-¤W7|«Å§¶«

I»¤W?BDK»¡0½‚6Ø¡NBP¼«¶B‚EF7?–EF¥<¤W>$BªD7B‚E±¤WIJ<8.<±¡ÐE¸>Y« ­kB‚7|¤WBrÂԐ¼²B‚§Ö¡N<7­73B‚?BD8¶¤Ä

IJ8¥,­7<9$©ªr¤W?k<F7IJ8¡_<7¢£E±¤WIJ<8"¼²E?Õ¤W>B¤WEF?Ó&<±¡¤W>$B?I»¤WB ?Ù<‚¼¸8BD7‚½±³N¤>EF?

§kBDB‚827B‚ªD<¥F8IJ¨‚BD9¹¤W>$E‹¤¼¸I»¤W>2¥7<D¼¸IJ8¥£ª‚<F¢v­kBP¤WI»¤WI»®¯BD8B‚??)EF8929BD¢vEF89

¡N<F7<73I“¥FIJ8EFK“I»¤«¯Û¶§kBD?IJ9B‚?)<±¤W>BD7l­$7B‚??3I“8$¥ÅªD<8$?-¤W7EFIJ8¶¤W?‚ÛY¤W>B&ªD7B‚E±¤WIJ<F8;<±¡

E*·BD§Ñ?I»¤WB¹8$B‚B‚9$?.¤W<º§kB;­kBD7-¡N<F7¢£B‚9¦§¶«¦­7<±¡NB‚??3I“<F8EFKJ?ÅIJ8 <F79BD7.¤W<

­73B‚?BD8¶¤¤W>Bª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤¸IJ8ʤW>B&¢£<?-¤¸E±¤¤W7EFªr¤[I¿®¶B¼²ED«¯½

· >IJKJBE&¡NBP¼ «¯BDE73?²EF¥<=¤W>B,·BD§¹¼²EF?²¢£<?-¤[K¿«¾©?3B‚9¹§¶«µ¤W>B¸EFª‚EF9B‚¢£IJª

¼²<F7KJ9ÛzI»¤vIJ?¾8<D¼²E9$E‚«?;<F­kB‚8¦¤[<ºEº§7<FE9Ò>Br¤[B‚7<F¥BD8B‚<F©?¾EF©9IJBD8ª‚B

?­$7B‚EF9v<D®¶B‚7z¤W>$BlBD8¶¤WIJ7B,?<ªDIJBr¤4«¶½

>$Bl9$I kB‚73B‚8ªDB‚?–IJ8.¤W>$BlEF©9IJBD8ª‚B,9BrÄ

¢£E8$9<±¡ ¤WB‚8Æ9IdBD7B‚8Y¤´?-¤W7©$ªr¤W©73B‚?&<±¡l¤[>Bv­$7B‚?BD8¶¤WBD9ºIJ8¡N<F7¢vE±¤WIJ<F8HIJ8

E*·BD§ ?I»¤WB½ <F¢vBÚ·B‚§ ?I»¤WBD?¾EF8¶¤WIJª‚IJ­E±¤WB£?Br®¶B‚73EK¸9$I kB‚73B‚8¶¤.¥73<©­$?

<±¡´©?BD7?¹E8$9Ñ­73B‚­EF7B2­7BD9BrÏÐ8$B‚9¦?-¤W7©$ªr¤W©73B‚?µ¡N<7£¤[>B2ª‚<F77B‚?3­k<89Ä

IJ8¥¾¥F7<F©­?‚ÛBF½¥½5¢v<F?-¤¸ª‚<F¢v­$E8Y«¹·B‚§b?I»¤WBD?K“BP¤l©?3B‚7?¸EFª‚ªDB‚??"E?¸ªD©?-Ä

¤W<F¢£B‚7?‚ÛEF?2IJ8¶®¶B‚?-¤W<F7?Ê<72EF?b<‹¤[>B‚7Ê?­kB‚ªDI¿Ï5ªb¥73<©­$?‚½ <F7ÌBP EF¢v­$K“BFÛ

§©$?IJ8B‚??3B‚?z­7<D® IJ9B,?Br®¶B‚7EFK5?-¤W7©ªP¤W©7BD?–¤[<&¤W>BDIJ7?I»¤WB ?z®I“?3I¿¤[<7?I“8£¤[>B

7<FKJB‚?&<±¡²ª‚KJIJB‚8Y¤W?<F7&IJ8¶®¶B‚?-¤[<7?D½

>IJ?&E­­$7<EFª[>º<‹¡²­73BrÄ4ª‚KJ©?|¤WB‚7IJ8¥µ¡N<K»Ä

KJ<D¼¸?¤W>B.­7BP®EIJKJIJ8¥¾EF??©¢£­¤WIJ<F82¤W>E±¤&©?B‚73?ªDE8º§kB.ª‚E±¤WBD¥<F7IJ¨‚BD9HIJ8

E=?¢vEFKJK8©$¢Å§kBD7–<±¡ª‚E±¤WB‚¥F<73I“BD?)EªDª‚<F79IJ8¥¤W<äW>BDI“7I“8Y¤WB‚73B‚?-¤W?z<F7)I“8¡N<7|Ä

¢£E‹¤[I“<F828B‚BD9?‚½ <D¼²Br®¶B‚7DÛkI»¤ÁIJ?¸IJ¢£­k<?3?IJ§KJB¤W<¹EF8¶¤WIJª‚IJ­E±¤WB"¤W>BüÁIJ?>$B‚?

©EFKJK»«Ì­7BD­EF7B‚9Û5?-¤[7©ªr¤[©7B‚?<±¡)·B‚§º­EF¥BD?‚½ÕפW>BD7¸·BD§º?I»¤WB‚?EFK“KJ<D¼

©?3B‚7?Ô¤W<¾9BPÏÐ8B¤W>$B‚IJ7)­kB‚7?3<8EFK5­7<±ÏÐKJBÛ¶BF½¥½¢£<?-¤,·B‚§2­k<F7-¤WEFK“? KJBr¤

©?3B‚7?¸ªD7B‚E±¤WB.­kB‚73?<8$EKJIJ¨‚BD9¹I“8¡N<73¢vE±¤WIJ<82­EF¥FB‚?‚Û5§EF?B‚9Ç<82¤[>B´©?3B‚7‰?

?BDKJB‚ªr¤[I“<F8?"¡N7<F¢ ¤W>B¾­k<F7-¤WEFK ?I“8¡N<73¢vE±¤WIJ<8Ç7B‚?<F©7ªDB‚?=E89*¤[>B‚7BP¡N<F7B

­73<‚®IJ9IJ8¥´E¾©$?B‚7-Ä4ªD©?-¤W<F¢£I“¨DB‚9£®I“BP¼ ¤W<.¤W>$B&?I»¤WB ‰?²ª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤€½ <D¼²Br®¶B‚7DÛ

¤W>$I“?,¤WBDªW>$8IJÀ©B7B‚ÀΩIJ7B‚?,?<F¢vB.Bk<F7-¤§¶«Ê¤W>B&©?3B‚7‚Û$9BrÏÐ8$I“8$¥´>IJ?©?BD7

­73<‹ÏÐKJBFۀ§kBr¡N<F7B²>$BlªDE8µ§kB‚8BPϤ–§¶«¾7B‚ªDB‚I»® IJ8¥"E&­kB‚7?<F8EFKJI“¨DB‚9=?B‚KJB‚ªP¤WIJ<8

<±¡IJ8¡N<F7¢£E‹¤WIJ<F8½

³—8v<F79BD7¤W<&ED®¯<FIJ9¾¤[>BBk<7-¤)<±¡Ð·BD§v?I»¤WB,ª‚7BDE‹¤[<7?¤W<&EF8¶¤WIJªDI“­$E‹¤WB)­k<F?-Ä

?IJ§KJB=ÓIJ89?<±¡)® IJ?I»¤W<F7-Ä4ª‚KJ©?-¤WBD7?‚ÛEF892¤W<ÊE‚®¶<FI“9ǤW>B.Bd<F7-¤&§¶«2® IJ?I»¤W<F7?

¤W<£ª‚©$?-¤W<F¢vIJ¨‚B¤[>B‚IJ7)®IJBr¼ ¤W<µ¤W>B&?I»¤WB&§Y«Ì9BPÏÐ8IJ8¥=¤W>BDI“7,©?BD7-Ä4­7<±ÏÐKJBÛ

¼²B¸BP®EFK“©$E‹¤WBIJ8.¤W>$I“?E7-¤[I“ªDKJB²EF8<‹¤[>B‚7zE­$­7<FEª[>ÈFE´©?3B‚7-Ä4EF9EF­¤WB‚9=·BD§

?I»¤WBFÛμ¸>IJªW>ÊE9EF­¤W?§Y«;¤W>B©?B=<‹¡–ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÁÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥½

³—8 ¥FB‚8BD7EK—Û,­kB‚<F­KJBbBr­KJ<73BHE¦·BD§ ?I»¤WB*9IkB‚7BD8¶¤WK»« EªDª‚<F79IJ8¥Æ¤W<

¤W>$B‚IJ7)­kB‚7?3<8EFK5I“8Y¤WB‚73B‚?-¤W?)<F7²IJ8¡_<7¢£E±¤WIJ<8£8B‚BD9?‚½&<IJ8¥.?<Ö¤W>Br«¹ª‚<F8Ä

¤WIJ8Ω<©$?K»«°¢£EÓFB9B‚ªDIJ?IJ<8?DۂBF½¥½¶?Br¤3¤WIJ8¥¸§k<<FÓ¢£EF7Ó?Ù¡N<F7ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤–¤W>BP«

KJIJÓBEF89¹IJ¥8$<7IJ8¥ª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤)¤[>Br«v9$I“?3K“IJÓFB½±GH<F?-¤WK»«¯Û¯¤W>B‚?3Bl9$B‚ª‚IJ?IJ<F8?zE7B

7BDKJE‹¤WBD9b¤[<;­kB‚73?<8$EK¥F<<9*EF89º§EF9HBP ­kB‚73I“BD8ª‚BD?I“8ÇÏÐ89$I“8$¥v9BD?IJ7B‚9

IJ8¡N<F7¢£E‹¤[I“<F8£¤W>BP«;E73B´8<±¤¡N©7-¤W>$B‚7²BP ­KJ<FI»¤WB‚9£¤W<£B‚8$>E8$ª‚B"¤W>B&?-¤W73©ªrÄ

¤W©$7BH<±¡´¤[>Bb·BD§ ?I»¤WB*IJ8 <739B‚7Ú¤W< IJ¢v­$7<D®¯B2¡_©¤W©7B ® IJ?I»¤W?¹§¶« ¤[>B

?EF¢£Bv<F7&<‹¤[>B‚7&©?3B‚7?‚½

â

<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÃÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥£IJ?&E2­7<F¢vIJ?IJ8¥µ¤WB‚ª[>Ä

8<FKJ<¥±« ¼¸>IJªW>­7BD9IJªr¤W?Ê©?B‚73?­7BP¡NB‚7BD8ª‚BD?;§EF?BD9 <F8 <‹¤[>B‚7Ê©?B‚73?

BP ­kB‚73I“BD8ª‚BD?‚½

â

<KJKJEF§k<7E±¤WI»®¶B¾ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥2?B‚BD¢v?µ¤W<º§kBÊE8 EF­­73<­73I“E±¤WB

¤WBDªW>$8<KJ<F¥‹«Ø¤W<EF©¤W<F¢vE±¤WIJª‚EFKJK»«¬EF9E­¤¹·B‚§Ä4?I»¤WBD?v§Y«Ñ­7BD?B‚8Y¤WIJ8¥ºEF8

­kBD7?<F8EKJIJ¨‚BD9¹?-¤W7©$ªr¤W©73B¤W<£B‚EFªW>b©$?B‚7‚½

â

<FK“KJEF§k<73E‹¤WI»®¶BÙÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥z?-«?-¤WB‚¢£?EF7Bz¥BD8B‚73EKJK»«¸©?B‚9áN<F7k7B‚ªD<¢£¢vBD89BD7

?BD7-® IJªDB‚?‚Û5¼¸>IJª[>º­7<D® IJ9Bµ­kB‚7?<F8EFK–7BDª‚<F¢v¢£B‚89$E‹¤WIJ<F8?§E?3B‚9<F8º7E±Ä

¤WIJ8¥F?­7<D® IJ9BD9;§Y«;¤W>B=©?BD7‚½ <µ¤4¼²<;IJ¢£­k<7|¤WE8Y¤²¤WEF?ÓÎ?¸ª‚EF8b§kB&IJ9B‚8Ä

¤WI»ÏÐBD9¹¼¸>BD8;ª‚<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯B"ÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥´?-«?-¤WB‚¢£?E73B&©?B‚9ÙÈ

ª‚EF­¤W©73I“8$¥&¡NBDB‚9§EFª[Ó£¡N7<F¢ ¤W>B&©?3B‚7‚½

jDg-W^4^

! "$#%&'(

Dg-W^^)

'+*,-$ ./'102#( 234'5

6

7048 -95

6 5

7048 -:; "

6<

7 >=@?%AA,BC7DDEEEGFIH%J?LKKFNMOKOPRQTS

· >BD8H¢£B‚BP¤WIJ8¥£¤W>BD?B¾7BDÀ©IJ7BD¢vBD8¶¤W?<±¤W>BD7&ª‚<F8?-¤W7EFIJ8?¢vIJ¥F>¶¤&I“8Y¤WB‚7|Ä

¡NBD7B½ 7<D®I“9$I“8$¥vBP ­KJIJª‚I»¤²¡_B‚B‚9$§Eª[Ó2¢vIJ¥F>¶¤§kB.­kBD7ª‚BDI¿®¶B‚92EF?&IJ8ª‚<F8¶®¶BrÄ

8IJBD8¶¤£¡N<7Ú¤W>Bb©$?B‚7‚½Ô6KJ?<Û)¤[>B2­7<D® IJ?IJ<F8?¾¡_<7Ê­7<D® IJ9IJ8¥Ç¡NB‚BD9§EFªWÓ

ªD<©KJ9 9$I“?|¤W©7§¦¤[>B2?-¤W7©ªP¤W©7BÊ<‹¡´E ·B‚§ ?I»¤WBFÛzI¿¡&9<F8Bb©8$ª‚EF7Br¡N©$K“K»«½

>BD7Br¡N<F7BFÛI¿¤IJ?lIJ¢£­k<7|¤WE8Y¤)¤W<¾EFKJK“<D¼ ©?B‚7Ô¡NB‚BD9§EFªWÓ¹IJ8ÊE¾ª‚<F8¶®¶B‚8IJBD8¶¤

EF898$<8Ä49$I“?|¤W©7-§I¿8$¥£¼²E‚«¶½z×&8*¤W>B£<‹¤W>$B‚7´?3I“9$BÛ5¤W>$B¾·BD§?I»¤WB£8B‚BD9?

¤W<=ª‚7BDE‹¤[BlEF8¹EF9E­¤WB‚9£­7BD?B‚8Y¤WE‹¤[I“<F8.§EF?B‚9¹<F8v­$7B‚9IJªP¤WB‚9.­7BP¡NB‚73B‚8ªDB‚?

¡N<F7–E­EF7-¤WIJª‚©KJEF7k©?BD7‚½±³N¤IJ?8BDª‚B‚?3?E7|«´¤W<¸IJ8Y¤WB‚¥F7E±¤WBz¤W>B)­73B‚9IJªr¤[I“<F8?kIJ8

­73B‚?BD8¶¤WE±¤WIJ<8&BDKJB‚¢£B‚8¶¤[?k¼¸I»¤W><F©¤9IJ?-¤[©7§IJ8¥)¤W>$BBD9I»¤W<73I“EFKFª‚<F8ª‚BD­¤WIJ<8

<±¡–¤W>B"·B‚§Ç?I»¤WB½

³—8;¤[>B8$Br¤?B‚ªP¤WIJ<8Ú¼²B´9BD?ª‚73I“§kB"<©7,­7<±¤W<±¤4« ­kB©?BD7-Ä4EF9E­¤WB‚9£·BD§

?I»¤WBFÛ¤W>$B&6ªP¤WI»®¯B÷B‚§G*©?BD©¢Ì½Y·B.9B‚?3ª‚7IJ§kB><D¼ ª‚<FKJK“EF§k<F7E‹¤[I¿®¶B"ÏÐK»Ä

¤WBD7IJ8¥2IJ?ÅIJ8Y¤WB‚¥F7E±¤WB‚9ºIJ8EÇ·B‚§¦¢.©?BD©¢ ?I»¤WBFېIJ8Æ<79$B‚7=¤W<b­73<‚®IJ9B

E*­kB‚7?3<8EFKzBr ­kBD7IJB‚8ªDB¾¤[<2¤W>B¹©?3B‚7‚ÛÙ¼¸>IJKJBvEF9973B‚??IJ8¥ÊªW>$EKJKJB‚8¥FIJ8¥

IJ??©$B‚?­7B‚?3B‚8¶¤[B‚9*E§k<D®¶B½

>$Bv­EF7-¤WIJªD©KJE7,¤4«­kB¾<±¡lIJ8¡N<F7¢£E‹¤WIJ<F82¤W>E±¤

IJ?´ªD<8Y¤WEFI“8$B‚9ºIJ8ºE2·B‚§Ä4§E?3B‚9¢.©?3B‚©¢2Ûk8EF¢vBDK»« ­EFIJ8¶¤WIJ8¥F?‚Û5¢£EÓFB‚?

I»¤¸?IJ¢v­$K“BÁ¤W<v9$BrÏÐ8BEF8ÌEF9EF­¤WI»®¶B­73B‚?BD8¶¤WE±¤WIJ<8Ê<‹¡¤W>IJ?²IJ8¡N<F7¢£E‹¤[I“<F8½

" * ! * " !* $& '

³—8ºE8ÆI“9$B‚EFK¼²<F7KJ9ºEÊ® IJ?I»¤W<F7<±¡lE2¢.©?BD©¢ ¼²<F©KJ9ºB‚8¶¤[B‚7&E2¢.©?B‚©$¢

EF89 ¤[>B‚8 ÏÐ89 IJ8 ¤W>$BbÏÐ73?-¤ÌªD<773I“9$<7¹BP EFªr¤WK»«Ò¤W><F?BºI»¤WB‚¢£?‚ÛÔ¼Á>$I“ª[>

>B£¼²<F©KJ9ºÏ589º¢v<F?-¤¾IJ8¶¤WBD7B‚?|¤WIJ8¥ ½ °I»®¯BD8º¤W>$E‹¤.7B‚EFK²¢.©?BD©¢£?´?BD7-®¯B

¢£E8Y«;­kB‚<F­KJB¸E±¤²¤W>B?EF¢vB¤[I“¢£BÛÎI»¤lIJ?²8$<‹¤,¡NB‚EF?IJ§KJB¤W<¾73B‚EF77EF8¥B¤[>B

ªD<KJKJB‚ªP¤WIJ<8"¡N<F7IJ89I»® IJ9©EFKD® IJ?I»¤W<F7?‚½Dס ¤WB‚8Ùۂ7BDEK¶¢.©?3B‚©¢£?k< kB‚7¥F©IJ9B‚9

¤W<F©7?DÛF¼¸>IJªW>¹¢£IJ¥>Y¤C§kB¸ªD<D®¯BD7IJ8¥.EÅ­$E7-¤[I“ªD©KJE7Õ¤W<­$I“ª<F7²EF997BD??IJ8¥&E

­EF7-¤WIJªD©KJE7¸IJ8Y¤WB‚7BD?-¤&¥7<F©­Û†§©¤´>ED® IJ8¥¹­kBD7?<F8EFK–¥©$I“9$B‚?¼¸><;?3><D¼

BP EFªr¤WK»«¾¤W>$BI»¤WBD¢v?)<±¡>IJ¥F>¹IJ8¶¤WBD7B‚?-¤²?3B‚B‚¢£?)¤[<¾§kB¸IJ¢v­$7EªP¤WIJª‚EFK—½‹· >$B‚8

E¦¢.©?BD©¢ ‰?¹E7|¤;ª‚<FK“KJBDªr¤WIJ<F8ÑIJ?¹­7BD?B‚8Y¤WB‚9ؤW>73<©¥F>ؤW>B2·BD§Û²I»¤;IJ?

E±¤ KJBDE?-¤£¡NBDE?IJ§KJB£¤W<º73B‚EF77EF8¥BʤW>$B;ª‚<FKJKJB‚ªr¤[I“<F8Æ¡N<F7vBDEª[> IJ89I»® I»9©EK

®I“?3I¿¤[<7‚½

Ë©¢£B‚7<F©?²¢.©?3B‚©¢ ?I»¤WB‚?,EKJ7BDE9«¹BrÂIJ?-¤l<F8¹¤W>$B·B‚§½

>Br«;­73B‚?BD8¶¤

®I“¥FE±¤WIJ<8µ¼¸I¿¤[>IJ8vE=·B‚§Ä4§E?3B‚9¹¢.©?BD©¢ BD¢Å©$K“E±¤WBD?)?-¤W7<FKJK“IJ8¥"¤W>73<©¥F>

¤W>$BvªD<773I“9$<7?&<±¡¸Eb7BDEK)¢.©?BD©¢2½ ÂI“?|¤WIJ8¥¹?I»¤WB‚?=E73B¹?-¤WE±¤WIJªÛ†¼Á>$I“ª[>

¢£B‚EF8?,¤W>E±¤¤W>B&>¶«­kB‚7-¤[Br¤?-¤W7©$ªr¤W©73BKJIJ8ÓIJ8¥Ã¤W>B&<F§ BDªr¤W?">E?§kBDB‚8

9BPÏÐ8BD9Å<F8ªDB²¡_<7zEKJK—Û‹EF89£IJ?¤W>B?EF¢vB,¡N<F7zEKJK©?BD7?‚ÛFIJ8.¤W>B,?E¢£B¼²ED«

¤W>$E‹¤¸¤[>B&¤W<F­k<FK“<F¥±«Ì<±¡C§©$I“KJ9I»8¥F?²9<ÎB‚?¸8<±¤ª[>EF8¥BF½†³R8*ª‚<F8¶¤W7EF?-¤ÍÛ$<©$7

6ªr¤WI»®¶B.·B‚§$GH©?3B‚©¢ >E?=Eb9«8E¢£IJª=¤W<­k<FKJ<¥±«*¼Á>$I“ª[>ºIJ?&E9$E­¤[I“8$¥

¤W<µ¤W>B¢.©?BD©¢ ® IJ?I»¤W<F7‰?)¤WEF?-¤WB&EF892ªW>$<IJª‚BD?‚½

" ! !

· >IJKJB£ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥¹¤WBDªW>$8IJÀ©BD?ÅEFKJKJ<‚¼ EF©¤W<F¢vE±¤WBD9 7B‚ªD<¢£¢£B‚89E±¤WIJ<F8<±¡

¼¸>E±¤Å©?3B‚7?&¢£IJ¥>Y¤°­73Br¡NBD7‚Ûk©?IJ8¥Ú¤W>BD?B.¤WBDªW>8$I“ÀΩB‚?IJ8¶¤W73<9©ªDB‚?¸8$Br¼

ªD<8?|¤W7EFI“8Y¤W?,¡N<F7²¤[>B&9B‚?3I“¥F82E8$9Ì­$7B‚?BD8¶¤WE±¤WIJ<F8;<±¡–¤W>B·BD§b?I»¤WB½

>B

ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Á<±¡¤W>B&?I»¤WB?><F©KJ9;§kB7BDE773E8¥FB‚EF§KJBEªDª‚<F79IJ8¥=¤W<µÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥

7BD?©K»¤W?=¼¸>IJKJB;?-¤WIJKJK)< dBD7IJ8¥HE±¤¤W73EªP¤WI»®¯BD8B‚??Ö¡N<7£©?BD7?£§¶«¬­$7<D® IJ9IJ8¥

¤« ­IJª‚EFK¡NBDE‹¤[©7B‚?z<±¡¤W>BÁ·B‚§Û¶IJ8Y¤WB‚7KJIJ8ÓFB‚9.ª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤²EFª‚ªDB‚??3B‚9£¤W>73<©¥F>

?BDK»¡ Ä49IJ7B‚ªP¤WB‚92§73<‚¼¸?IJ8¥½†³R8º<F©7&­7<±¤W<±¤4«­kB&¼²B£©?B¾EF7-¤´­EFIJ8¶¤WIJ8¥F?¸EF?

BD8¶¤WI»¤WIJB‚?"¼¸>IJªW>ºªDE8º§kBµ7B‚EF77EF8¥FB‚9*¡N<F7&¤W>$B¾©?BD7‚½6,¤.EÌ>$I“¥F>BD7KJBr®¶B‚K

¼²B&©?3BE % /1 / " ($$ $ " /v½

â

<F77IJ9<F7?,E7B<F79B‚73B‚9

ªD<8Y¤WEIJ8BD7?´<±¡¸­EFI“8Y¤WIJ8¥F?¼ÁI»¤W>Æ?<F¢vBʪ‚<F¢v¢£<8ƪW>$E7EFªr¤[B‚7IJ?-¤WIJªD?‚½

>B

©?3B‚7¢£ED«Åª[><<F?Bz¡N73<¢ ?BP®¯BD7EKΪ‚<F77IJ9<F7?‚½

>B)7B‚?3©K»¤W?k<‹¡¤W>$BzÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥

EF7B¤W>BD8¹7B5B‚ªr¤[B‚9;IJ8¹E£­kB‚7?3<8EFKJIJ¨‚B‚9µ<79$B‚7<‹¡¤W>$B­EFIJ8¶¤WIJ8¥F?¼ÁI»¤W>$I“8

¤W>$B&ª‚<F77IJ9<F7‚½

>B&©?3B‚7IJ?lEF??©$¢vBD9;¤[<¾§kB‚>ED®¶B&E?Á¡N<KJKJ<D¼¸?‚È

ªW>$<<F?B&EvªD<737IJ9<7

B‚8 <‚«¹¤[>B&­EFI“8Y¤WIJ8¥F?)I“8ÊEvªD<737IJ9<7

E‹¤¸EF8¶«Ê¤WIJ¢vBKJB‚ED®¯BäW>Bª‚<F77IJ9<F7E89ʪW>$<<F?B´EF8<±¤W>B‚7<F8B½

>B=ª‚<F77IJ9<F7?E7B.IJ8¶¤[B‚7KJIJ8ÓFB‚9k½ ½‰¥ ½»Û$¼Á>$B‚8bE¹©?3B‚7®I“?3I¿¤[?lE£ª‚<F77IJ9<F7

¼¸I»¤W>´­$EIJ8¶¤[I“8$¥²§¶«)EF8°<F¥F>Û‹>Bzª‚EF8.E‹¤–EF8¶«=¤WIJ¢vB–?|¼ÁI»¤Wª[>=¤W<¸E¸73B‚KJE‹¤[B‚9

, 7, :; " 5

5%0 =3'

7

- %5*$?%AA1B CNDD EEE F "!$#M,KPF&%#RD')(/K ?*#*+D

P!,+)!PF3?%A1P,-,Q 5

,(( 7/. !#%'0.,70.*

&0 21

\43_jlV3O—\4V[`

=3'

7 -

%&5* ?/AA,BCNDD P,A%J-,J45F6!/7 M F 984! D E1P DOQ:4; %'

"% ". & '7 -:"=<?> ,('

A@

'9.-.,'OB.

5*(C<D"E9F=F #%'OB.170.*

"9<',"R5GD"H9F #%'0.,7

S

¤W<£­EFIJ8¶¤WIJ8¥=<‹¡–E£­EIJ8Y¤WB‚7Ô¼Á>$<vKJI»®¯BD9;E±¤¤W>B&?EF¢vBäWIJ¢vBF½

Az«Ö73B‚<F79B‚73I“8$¥EF89¾IJ8¶¤[B‚7-Ä4ªD<88$B‚ªr¤[I“8¥BrÂIJ?-¤WIJ8¥ª‚<F77IJ9<F7?‚Û€¼¸>IJª[>¾ª‚<F8Ä

¤WEFIJ8º7Br¡_B‚7BD8ª‚BD?&¤W<2­EF¥BD?.?><D¼¸I“8$¥Ì­$EIJ8¶¤[I“8$¥?‚Û†I¿¤´IJ?=­k<??3I“§$K“B=¤W<Ç9«Ä

8EF¢£I“ªDEKJK»«Ì73B‚?-¤W73©ªr¤W©$7B&¤W>$B¾¢.©?B‚©$¢ ?I»¤WB¾IJ8HEÚ¼²ED«E9EF­¤WBD9b¤[<;¤[>B

©?3B‚7‚½ BDBÏÐ¥F©7B E89ÚÏÐ¥F©7B .¡N<7BP EF¢v­KJBD?‚½

*LSD,S 4;

0.* -<.%',047&-%

".4' 5

%'

".17 - ' -<.%'1047-%=B.

.%',02#( >' 7-% .,'OB.0.*!#%'0.170.*

"9<'

/.

@

,((Q :

#%

".,7 -

/.8 -:#%'0.170.*

-% - 'O-%0.* 7

#% 3 ". ,S

0

7 /.,NB.

6

5

0.

',04 N-%5.17( (

B.17

":%0 '"<

7

404 -% 'O(

/. #%'0.170.*$: ".,7 ' . ; 7-%S

* **

³—8 ¤W>$B;­7BP® IJ<F©?.?B‚ªP¤WIJ<8¦¼²BÇBr ­$K“EFIJ8B‚9Æ><D¼ ­$7Br¡NBD7B‚8$ª‚B‚?µE7B2©?3B‚9

IJ8b<F79BD7¤W<£¤W7EF8?-¡_<7¢ ª‚<F77IJ9<F7?¸IJ8Y¤W<v­kBD7?<F8EFK“IJ¨DB‚9;ªD<737IJ9<73?‚½

>IJ?

6

<0 ' 7-%4

#%

".,7 - 0.04& -% '( =3',&7

": 77( 9: & '7/. -L'O7 QS

0

4 45

02')<> 5% .7 5%7 ".1 7-% ".17 . ; N-%

('7 -72

#%'0.170.*LS

EF­­7<FEFªW>¹IJ?)§EF?B‚9¹<F8£¤W>B"Br IJ?-¤[B‚8ªDBl<±¡¤[>B® IJ?I»¤W<F7‰?­73Br¡NBD7B‚8ªDB‚?‚½Y³—8

¤W>$Bl6ªr¤[I¿®¶B·BD§GH©$?B‚©¢ ® IJ?I»¤W<F7?zª‚EF8vBP ­73B‚??)­73Br¡NBD7B‚8ªDB§¶«¾¥I»®I“8$¥

7E±¤WIJ8¥F?)¤W<µ­EIJ8Y¤WIJ8¥? ®EFK“©$B‚?‚È ( %_Û -"Û0 % $ ¿Û ,$ "Û % /1

, r½ <7"­EIJ8Y¤WIJ8¥?z¼¸>IJª[>;>ED®¶B´8<±¤¸§kB‚BD8;7E±¤WB‚9ʧ¶«¹¤W>$B® IJ?I»¤W<F7‚Û¶¤[>B

7E±¤WIJ8¥F?)E73B­73B‚9IJªr¤[B‚9£©?IJ8¥&<±¤W>B‚7,©?BD7?Î7E‹¤[I“8$¥?)EF89¹ª‚<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯B

ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥&¤[B‚ª[>8<FK“<F¥±«¯½

E±¤WIJ8¥b­$EIJ8¶¤[I“8$¥?&?>$<©KJ9º8<±¤¾§kB£¤W>B£¢vEFIJ8¦<ª‚ªD©­E±¤WIJ<8º<±¡Eb©$?B‚7‚½

>BD7Br¡N<F7BFÛk¤W>$B¾7E±¤WIJ8¥?&ªDE8ƧkB¾ª‚<F8¶®¶B‚8$I“BD8¶¤WK»«b­7<D®I“9$B‚9ǼÁ>$I“KJB=¼²EF8Ä

9BD7IJ8¥"¼ÁI»¤W>$I“8Ö¤W>B¢.©?B‚©$¢Ì½±·B¸8<±¤WIJª‚BD9¾IJ8¾IJ8I»¤WIJEKY¤W7IJEFK“?Dۀ¤W>E±¤)©?B‚73?

EF7B£>B‚?I»¤WEF8¶¤´IJ8º¥FI»® IJ8¥;73E‹¤WIJ8¥F?‚Ûk§kBDª‚EF©?B¾¥FI»® IJ8¥ÊEÌ73E‹¤WIJ8¥Ê9B‚¢£EF89?

¤W>$B;IJ8ª‚<F8¶®¶B‚8$I“BD8ª‚B¹<±¡´>ED® IJ8¥Ç¤W<º¢£EÓFB2E9BDª‚IJ?IJ<F8½

>B‚7BP¡N<F7BÛ¼²B

­73<‚®IJ9B‚9ÊI“8Ú¤W>B&©?3B‚7-Ä4IJ8¶¤[B‚7-¡NEFª‚BÁ¤W>E±¤

¤W>B=7E‹¤[I“8$¥?¸ªDE8*§kB´­$7<D® IJ9B‚9ʼ¸I»¤W>2®¶B‚7-«bKJI»¤¤WKJB&Bk<F7-¤ _<8B=¢v<F©?B

I»¡ÕEÊ­EFI“8Y¤WIJ8¥.IJ?® IJBr¼²BD9bIJ8b9BP¤WEIJKÙE¹7E‹¤[I“8$¥¾IJ?¢£E8$9E‹¤[<7-«;?3<¹¤W>E±¤

¤W>B®IJ?I»¤W<7)>$E?,¤W<.­7<D®I“9$B¸E¾7E±¤WIJ8¥.<7,<‹¤[>B‚7-¼¸IJ?B>Bª‚EF88<±¤lª‚<F8Ä

¤WIJ8©B>IJ?)¤[<©7D½

³—8¦¤W>B¹8BP¤v?3B‚ªr¤[I“<F8Ƽ²B29B‚?ªD7IJ§kB¾¤[>B¹©?BD9 ª‚<FKJK“EF§k<F7E‹¤[I¿®¶BµÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥

EFKJ¥<F7I»¤W>¢ E8$9H<F©7&ª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤3Ä4§E?3B‚9bªD<¢.§IJ8E±¤WIJ<8 ¤WB‚ª[>8IJÀ©$B‚?¡N<F7&I»¤W?

­kBD7-¡N<F7¢vEF8ªDB½

ໝ€™à‹œD› Ý T›ÝDœ

â

<FK“KJEF§k<73E‹¤WI»®¶B.ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥;?-«?-¤WBD¢v?.?BDK“BDªr¤¾I»¤WB‚¢£?&¡_<7.E*©?B‚7=§EF?B‚9¦<F8

¤W>$B<F­IJ8IJ<8$?<±¡–<‹¤W>$B‚7)©?BD7?‚½ °BD8B‚7EFKJK»«¯Û¶ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯B,ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥&?-«?-Ä

¤WBD¢v?9<£8<±¤°7BDK»«;<8*ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§$E?BD92I“8¡N<73¢vE±¤WIJ<82EF§k<©¤¸¤W>B=I¿¤[B‚¢£?‚Û

ªD<8?3I“9$B‚7IJ8¥<F8K»«Å>©$¢vEF8 ©9¥F¢vBD8¶¤W?<8.¤[>B)®EFKJ©B)<±¡dI»¤WBD¢v?‚½

>IJ?–EK»Ä

KJ<D¼¸?)¤W>BD?B¤WBDªW>$8IJÀ©BD?–¤W<.§kB¸©$?B‚9¹<F8;EF8¶«£¤4«­kB¸<‹¡<§ B‚ªP¤W?)EF89¹¤W>Ω?

§©$I“KJ9*EbKJE73¥Bµ®EF7IJBr¤4«º<±¡Á?3B‚7-®I“ªDB‚?‚½

â

<KJKJEF§k<7E±¤WI»®¶B.ÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥¹?-« ?-¤[B‚¢£?

ªD<8?3I“9$B‚7Br®¶B‚7-«H©$?B‚7&EF?&E8ºBP ­kBD7-¤¡_<7&>IJ?"¤WEF?-¤WBÛÙ?<Ú¤W>E±¤´­kB‚7?<F8EFK»Ä

IJ¨‚BD97BDª‚<F¢v¢£B‚8$9E‹¤[I“<F8?ª‚EF8¦§kBv­73<‚®IJ9B‚9º§EF?BD9<F8¤[>BvBP ­kBD7-¤WIJ?B‚?

<±¡–¤WEF?-¤WBPÄ47B‚KJE±¤WB‚9¹©?3B‚7?‚½

â

<FK“KJEF§k<73E‹¤WI»®¶B2ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥º>EF?̧kBDB‚8 EF­­KJIJB‚9ؤW< ?BP®¯BD7EFK&9<¢£EFI“8$?;<±¡

IJ8¡N<F7¢£E‹¤[I“<F8È[ËBr¼¸?E7-¤[I“ªDKJB‚?‚Û&7<F©­ B‚8? @ ½±GH©?3I“ªFÛ I“8$¥< ½

G*<D® IJB‚?‚ÛÎG*<‚®IJB

â

7I»¤WIJª

!

½$AC<Î<ÓÎ?lE±¤¸6¢£EF¨‚<F8 9

½ B‚?-¤WEF©7EF8¶¤[?

½

·BµÏÐ7?-¤´9$B‚?ªD7IJ§kBŪD<KJKJEF§k<7E±¤WI»®¶B´Ï5K¿¤[B‚7IJ8¥£E?=I»¤´I“?=ª‚<F¢v¢£<F8K»« ©$?B‚9½

689&¤[>B‚8¼²B,E99$7B‚??Ù?<F¢vB)IJ¢£­7<D®¯BD¢vBD8¶¤W?Ù<‹¡ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÕÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥

§Y«´I“8Y¤W7<Î9©ª‚IJ8¥)<F©7–ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9=BrÂΤWB‚8?3I“<F8&§EF?B‚9.<F8¾¢.©K»¤WI»Ä4¢vBD9I“E

IJ89BPÂ IJ8¥½

?%AA1BC7DD EEEGFPRK9M # A1M FNM,KP

,

?%AA1BC7DD EEEGFJPLJ/K 7 FNM,KP

G*<?|¤²ª‚<FK“KJEF§k<73E‹¤WI»®¶B,ÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥?-«?-¤WB‚¢£?)ª‚<FKJKJB‚ªr¤z¤W>B"©?B‚73?¶<F­IJ8IJ<8?zEF?

7E±¤WIJ8¥F?)<8ÊE.8©¢£B‚7IJªDEK?3ª‚EFK“BFÛ¶¼¸>IJª[>¹KJB‚EF9?z¤W<.E=®¯BD7-« ?3­E73?B¢£E±¤W7I»Â

_I“8Ê?><F7-¤

! h½

â

<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÏ5K¿¤[B‚7IJ8¥=?-« ?-¤[B‚¢£?

¤W>$B‚8¾©?3B²¤[>IJ?7E±¤WIJ8¥¢vE±¤W7I»Â.I“8µ<79$B‚7¤W<´9BD7I»®¯B,­7BD9IJªr¤WIJ<F8?‚½ BP®¯BD7EK

EFKJ¥<F7I»¤W>¢£?k>ED®¯B,§kB‚BD8´­7<F­k<F?B‚9&<F8.><D¼¬¤[<¸©?Bz¤W>$B7E±¤WIJ8¥¢£E‹¤W73I¿Â¤W<

­73B‚9IJªr¤7E‹¤[I“8$¥? #"Û Û ½ <F7¤W>Bµ6ªP¤WI»®¯B=·B‚§$GH©?3B‚©¢ ¼²B£9B‚73I¿®¶B‚9

EbªD<KJKJEF§k<7E±¤WI»®¶B.ÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥;EFK“¥F<F7I»¤W>¢ ¡_7<¢ Ebª‚<F¢v¢£<F8K»« ©?3B‚9ƤWB‚ª[>Ä

8IJÀΩBÛ5EFK“?3<Ì©$?B‚9ºIJ8ǤW>B °7<F©­ B‚8$?­73< B‚ªr¤´EF89ºIJ8 IJ8¥<ۆ¼Á>$I“ª[>

IJ?´§$E?BD9<F8Æ®¯BDªr¤W<F7´ªD<773B‚KJE‹¤[I“<F8½Ù³—8ƤW>Bµ¡N<KJKJ<D¼¸I“8$¥¹¼²B¹9BD?ª‚7IJ§kB.¤[>B

©8$9B‚7K»«I“8¥£¡N<F7¢.©KJEF?´IJ8º¢v<F7B¹9BP¤WEFI“KÕ¤W<b¢£EÓFB£¤W>B¾¥FB‚8$B‚7EFK)IJ9B‚E2<±¡

EF©¤W<F¢vE±¤WIJª‚EFKJK»«Ì©?IJ8¥£<±¤W>B‚7&©$?B‚7?EF?´Br­kB‚7-¤7B‚ªD<¢£¢vBD89BD7?©$89B‚7|Ä

?-¤[E89$E§KJBF½

É ?©EFKJK¿«¶ÛΤW>BäWE?3ÓÌ<±¡)E¹ª‚<FK“KJEF§k<73E‹¤WI»®¶B¸Ï5K¿¤[B‚7IJ8¥.?-«?-¤WB‚¢ IJ?¤W<¹­73B‚9IJªr¤

¤W>$B´7E±¤WIJ8¥¾<±¡E¹­EF7-¤WIJª‚©$K“EF7²©$?B‚7Ç¡N<7"E8bI»¤WBD¢

½  

>B´?-«?-¤WBD¢ ªD<¢µÄ

­EF7BD?)¤W>B"©?B‚7$ ?7E±¤WIJ8¥?¼¸I»¤W>£¤W>B¸73E‹¤WIJ8¥F?)<±¡EFK“K5<±¤W>B‚7)©$?B‚7?DÛ¶¼¸><

>ED®¶B73E‹¤WBD9£¤W>Bª‚<F8?IJ9BD7B‚9£I»¤WB‚¢

½  

>$B‚8¹E=¼²B‚IJ¥F>¶¤WBD9vED®¶B‚7EF¥B&<±¡¤[>B

<±¤W>BD7l©$?B‚7?7E±¤WIJ8¥F?²IJ?©?BD9ÌEF?¸E¾­$7B‚9IJªP¤WIJ<8½

³_¡&%

IJ?´?BP¤Å<±¡lI»¤WBD¢v?¤W>$E‹¤´Eb©$?B‚7'¦>EF?´7E±¤WBD9*¤W>B‚8*¼²B¹ªDE8Æ9BrÏ58B

¤W>$B&¢vBDE827E±¤WIJ8¥.<‹¡z©?B‚7bEF?‚È

)(

*%

*+

-,.0/

!

â

<FK“KJEF§k<73E‹¤WI»®¶B¹ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥*EKJ¥F<7I»¤W>$¢v?¾­$7B‚9IJªP¤v¤W>$BÌ73E‹¤WIJ8¥F?£§E?3B‚9 <F8

¤W>$B¹7E‹¤[I“8$¥?=<‹¡?3I“¢£IJKJE7&©?3B‚7?‚½Ù· >$B‚8 $ $ Ѫ‚<F77BDKJE‹¤WIJ<F8IJ?´©$?B‚9Û

?IJ¢£IJK“EF7I»¤4«&IJ?–9BP¤WB‚7¢£IJ8B‚9áN7<F¢ ¤W>B,ª‚<F77B‚KJE±¤WIJ<8.<±¡k¤W>B,7E‹¤[I“8$¥¸®¶B‚ªP¤W<73?

<±¡©?BD7ÌEF89ʤW>B&<±¤W>BD7©?B‚73?132fÈ

4

5

2 ( 6

-,. /87 .

/9

! ;:

9

! ;: 9

< 6

-,. /=7 .

/9

! >:

8?$

6

-,. /=7 .

/9 9

! ;: 9 8?0

³_¤ÁªDE8ǧkB8<±¤WBD9;¤[>E‹¤

4A@

: CB

½

  4

7E±¤WIJ8¥®¶B‚ªP¤W<73?‚½¶6 >$I“¥F>£E§?3<KJ©¤WBÔ®EFK“©$Bl?3I“¥F8I»ÏÐBD?–>IJ¥>£?IJ¢£I“KJEF7I»¤—«ÅEF89

E£KJ<‚¼ E§$?<KJ©¤[B®EKJ©B9IJ??IJ¢£IJK¿EF7I»¤—«¯½

>B=¥BD8B‚7EFK­7BD9IJªr¤WIJ<F8¹¡N<F7¢.©KJE¾IJ?¸§EF?B‚9*<F82¤W>B=E??3©¢v­¤WIJ<8ʤW>E±¤

¤W>$BÌ­$7B‚9IJªP¤WIJ<8ÆI“?µEº¼²B‚IJ¥F>B‚9ØE‚®¶B‚73E¥FBH<±¡¤W>B;<±¤W>BD7v©$?B‚7?£7E±¤WIJ8¥F?‚½

>B"¼²B‚IJ¥F>¶¤W?,7Br¡NBD7z¤W<=¤W>BE¢£<F©8¶¤²<±¡?IJ¢£IJK“EF7I»¤4«.§kBr¤¼²B‚B‚8Ú¤W>B¸©$?B‚7

EF89ʤW>B&<±¤W>BD7²©?BD7?‚½

5

=

( B

+

9 ,

4

2

9

! :

9

¼¸I»¤W>

È É ?B‚73?‚Ûμ¸><v73E‹¤WBD9;<F§ BDªr¤

½

(

6 / 9

! 9!

>B¡NEFªr¤W<F7

8<73¢vEFKJI“¨DB‚?Ô¤W>B¼²B‚IJ¥F>¶¤W?D½

<F¢£Br¤WIJ¢£B‚?.¤W>$B̪D<737B‚KJE±¤WIJ<8 ªD<B#" ªDI“BD8¶¤v§kBP¤4¼²BDB‚8ؤ4¼²<¦©?BD7?vIJ?£©8Ä

9BPÏÐ8BD9¬§kBDª‚EF©?BʤW>BÊ©?BD7?v>$E‚®¶Bb8<±¤v7E±¤WBD9ѪD<¢£¢v<F8Ò<§ B‚ªP¤W?‚ÛzI—½B½

%

%$

% 9 ( &

½k·B=¡N<F©89*IJ8b<©$7BP ­kB‚73I“¢£B‚8Y¤W?¤W>$E‹¤&E?3?©¢£I“8$¥vEÊ9BrÄ

¡NEF©K»¤®EFK“©$B&¡N<F7¤W>B=ª‚<F77BDK“E±¤WIJ<F8̧kBP¤4¼²BDB‚82¤W>$B&©?B‚7"7E‹¤[I“8$¥¾®¶B‚ªP¤W<73?IJ?

>BDKJ­¡N©KD¼¸>B‚8äW>B–9$E‹¤WE±Ä4?BP¤IJ?k®¶B‚7-«&?¢£EKJK—½ <F7BrÂE¢£­KJBÛ[¼²B)¢£B‚EF?©73B‚9

IJ8BP ­kBD7IJ¢vBD8¶¤W?

4('*)+

-,

( .0/

EF?.¤W>B£¢£B‚EF8¬<±¡¤4«­IJª‚EFK“K»«H<Ϊ‚ªD©7IJ8¥

ªD<773B‚KJE‹¤[I“<F8*ª‚<B#" ªDIJB‚8¶¤[?IJ8*<©7&9$E‹¤WE±Ä4?BP¤Í½

>$B¾E­$­KJI“ªDE‹¤[I“<F8b<±¡²E29BrÄ

¡NEF©K»¤¾ª‚<F77BDK“E±¤WIJ<F8¬§$I“EF?BD?.¤W>BÊ­7B‚9$I“ªP¤WIJ<8 ¤W<D¼²E739 ¤W>$B;¢£B‚EF8Û¼Á>$I“ª[>

¢£IJ¥>Y¤²?-¤WEF§IJK“IJ¨DB)¤W>B"­7B‚9$I“ªP¤WIJ<8.7BD?©K»¤W?¡N<F7)®¶B‚7-«¹?¢£EKJK9E±¤WE±Ä4?Br¤[?‚½

  <

ED®¶<IJ9£¤W>IJ?z§IJE?Dۋ¼²B9IJ9¾8<±¤)©?B¸9BP¡NEF©K»¤ª‚<F77BDK“E±¤WIJ<F8¾IJ8v<F©7)KJE‹¤[B‚7z9BrÄ

?ªD7IJ§kB‚9¹BP ­kB‚73I“¢£B‚8Y¤W?‚ÛFIJ8?-¤WBDE9ÙÛI»¡ªD<737B‚KJE±¤WIJ<8¹§kBP¤4¼²B‚BD8;E.¤[E7¥FBr¤¸EF89

E¾­kBDB‚7)©?3B‚7)ª‚EF828<±¤²§kB¢£B‚EF?©7BD9ÛF¤W>$B­kBDB‚7)©?BD7²IJ?)IJ¥8$<7BD9£¡N<F7²¤[>B

­73B‚9IJªr¤[I“<F8µ¡N<7Á¤W>B¤WEF7¥FBr¤¸©?BD7?‚½

12! * ' # ! * *! * *,! ! ! ' #43 ! *

³—8HBDE7KJIJB‚7"¼²<F7Ó2¼²B¾IJ9BD8¶¤WI»ÏÐBD9;¤« ­IJªDEK­7<F§KJB‚¢£E±¤WIJª&ª‚EF?B‚?áN<7ª‚<FKJKJE‹Ä

§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥´?|« ?-¤WBD¢v? "

ÛЪDE?3B‚?"¼Á>$B‚828<±¤ÁBD8<F©¥>27E±¤WIJ8¥F?E7B

ED®EFIJK“EF§KJBÛF9©$B²¤[<ÅEF8¹IJ8?©5"¹ª‚IJBD8¶¤EF¢v<F©8Y¤²<‹¡©?3B‚7?)<F7)¤W<áNBr¼ 73E‹¤WIJ8¥F?

NIJ8µ¤W>B¸?|¤WE‹¤[I“?|¤WIJª‚EFK ?3B‚8?B <‹¡Ù¤W>B¸73B‚EFKЪD<773B‚KJE‹¤[I“<F8£E89£7E±¤WIJ8¥&®FEKJ©BD?‚½

³—8 ?©¢£¢£E7-«¶Û?><F7-¤WEF¥BD?2<‹¡¾7E±¤WIJ8¥9$E‹¤WEØE­­kBDE7ÊIJ8Ò¤W>BÇ¡N<KJKJ<D¼¸I“8$¥

?I»¤W©$E‹¤WIJ<F8?‚È

6 8Br¼Ñ©$?B‚7¼¸I»¤W>.8<&<F7–®¶B‚7|«´¡NBP¼Ñ7E±¤WIJ8¥?ª‚EF8¾8<±¤

§kB73B‚KJIJE§K»«v¢£E±¤WªW>$B‚92E¥FEFI“8$?-¤¸<‹¤W>$B‚7²©$?B‚7?D½

³N¡ÐE&8BP¼ <§ B‚ªP¤ÕIJ?–BD8¶¤WBD7B‚9=¤W<"¤W>B)ªD<KJKJB‚ªP¤WIJ<8ÙۂI»¤

>EF?8<±¤§kB‚BD8&7E‹¤[B‚9´§Y«°EF8¶«&©?BD7EF89&¤[>B‚7BP¡N<F7B–I»¤¢vIJ¥F>¶¤8BD¥KJBDªr¤WBD9½

!

>IJ?IJ?Eª‚<F¢.§IJ8E‹¤[I“<F8&<±¡ ¤[>B)E§k<D®¶B)ª‚EF?B‚?E89.IJ?

¤4«­IJª‚EFK¡_<7,8Br¼ 7B‚ªD<¢£¢£B‚89BD7?3I¿¤[B‚?z¼¸I»¤W>v8$<´<F7)®¶B‚7-«¾¡_Br¼ 7E±¤WIJ8¥F?‚½

³N¤´IJ?>E739b¤W<2E±¤¤W7EFªr¤´©$?B‚7?§kB‚ªDE©$?B=¤W>Br«*¥BP¤&®¯BD7-«H­k<<F7&7BDª‚<F¢¾Ä

¢vBD89E±¤WIJ<8$?&I“8 ¤W>B¹§kBD¥IJ88IJ8¥;EF89 ¤W>B‚73Br¡N<F7B£¤W>B£7BDª‚<F¢v¢£B‚89$B‚7

?-« ?|¤WB‚¢ IJ?KJIJÓBDK¿«µ¤W<v?|¤WED«;I“82E¾§k<Î<‹¤[?-¤W7EF­;9IJKJB‚¢£¢£E ½

³—82¤W>B=ª‚<F8¶¤W7EF7-«¶ÛЪD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚92?ª[>BD¢vBD?EF7B´KJBD???3B‚8?IJ§KJB"¤W<¹?­EF7-Ä

?I»¤«H<‹¡²73E‹¤WIJ8¥F?‚½5· >$I“KJBäW>B¾8BP¼ ©$?B‚7ª‚EF?B NE8$9HªD<8?3B‚À©$B‚8¶¤[K¿«b­EF7-Ä

¤WIJEFKJK¿«*¤W>B¹§k<Î<‹¤[?-¤W7EF­ªDE?B Å7BD¢vEFIJ8?.EH­73<§KJBD¢ ¡_<7.ª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤3Ä4§E?3B‚9

7BDª‚<F¢v¢£B‚8$9B‚7–?|« ?-¤WBD¢v?¤W>B§k<Î<‹¤W?|¤W7EF­¾E8$9¾¤W>$Bl8$Br¼ <§ B‚ªP¤CªDE?B"ª‚EF8

§kB=>E8$9KJB‚9;BDE?3I“BD7¸?IJ8ªDB&8Br¼ <F§ B‚ªr¤[?¸ª‚EF8b§kB´ªD<¢£­EF7B‚9 ¤W<v<F§ B‚ªr¤[?

<F8B&©?BD7>E?"7B‚ªDB‚8¶¤[K¿«¹7E±¤WB‚92§EF?BD9;<F8bEvªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9ʪ‚7I»¤WBD7IJE ½

<D¼²Br®¶B‚7‚Û­©$7B¸ª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤3Ä4§E?3B‚9¹?ª[>B‚¢£B‚?,E73B<F8K»«vEF­­7<F­7IJE±¤WB,¼Á>$B‚8

<F§ BDªr¤W?ª‚EF8b§kB=7B‚KJIJE§$K¿«;EF©¤W<F¢£E‹¤WIJªDEKJK»« ªD<¢£­EF7B‚9ÙÛI—½BF½¤[>B´ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤

ªDE8 EF©¤W<F¢vE±¤WIJª‚EFKJK»«¬§kBbIJ89BP BD9 <7¹<±¤W>BD7¹¢vBP¤WE9$E‹¤WE¦IJ?£E‚®FEIJKJE§$K“BF½

· >IJKJB2I»¤ÌIJ?¹­k<?3?IJ§KJB;¤[<¬<F§¤WEFIJ8 ¢vBP¤WE¦IJ8¡N<F7¢vE±¤WIJ<F8ÑEF§k<©¤;¢v<D® IJBD?

NEFªr¤[<7?DÛ)9IJ7B‚ªP¤W<F7‚Û–¥FB‚873BbBr¤Wª hÛzI»¤ IJ?£>E739 ¤W< ® IJ9BD<‹Ä4IJ89BP EÆ¢v<D®I“B

¼¸I»¤W>;ªD©77BD8¶¤)¤WBDªW>$8<KJ<F¥‹«¹IJ8;<F79BD7)¤W<¾9$B‚7I»®¶B¸¤W>$BªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Í½$×°8ªDB¸¤[>B

ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤´<‹¡EÌ<F§ B‚ªr¤´IJ?&IJ89BP BD9bI»¤´I“?ª‚73©ª‚IJEFK¡N<F7´ª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤3Ä4§E?3B‚9ÇÏÐK»Ä

¤WBD7IJ8¥ÛF¤W<.9B‚ªDIJ9B¸EF?)¤W<.><D¼ ¢.©ª[>¹¤¼²<¾<F§ BDªr¤W?,E7B?IJ¢£I“KJEF7‚½ ½¥½¿ÛIJ8

<F79BD7&¤W<b73B‚ª‚<F¢£¢vBD89º¤W>$Bv?BDª‚<F89<F§ B‚ªr¤.¤W<ÇEb©?BD7´I»¡l>B¹KJIJÓFB‚?&¤[>B

ÏÐ73?-¤¸E89Ú¤W>BÏÐ73?-¤¸I“??IJ¢£IJK“EF7z¤W<.¤[>B&?B‚ªD<8$9Ì<F§ B‚ªr¤€½

â

<F¢v­EF7E±¤WI»®¯B*?-¤W©$9IJB‚? Û IJ89IJª‚E±¤WBʤW>E±¤ÌªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9 ÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥

8BDE73K¿«.­kB‚7-¡_<7¢£?zE?z¼²BDK“K$E?)ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BzÏ5K¿¤[B‚7IJ8¥¸IJ8.¤[>B9<¢£EFI“8£<±¡

¢£<D® IJB73B‚ª‚<F¢£¢vBD89E±¤WIJ<8?DÛ¼¸>BD7B¤W>$BªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤<‹¡Î¤W>Bz<§ B‚ªP¤W? N¢£<‚®IJB‚?$

IJ?&9BD?ª‚7IJ§kBD9bIJ8*¤WB‚7¢£?&<±¡²¤WBP¤W©EFK–E±¤¤W7IJ§©¤WB‚?<§¤WEIJ8BD9b¡_7<¢ ¢v<D®I“B

ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥*E89 ªD<KJKJEF§k<7E±¤WI»®¶B¹ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥H>$E‚®¶B*§kB‚B‚8Òª‚<F¢.§IJ8B‚9ØI“8Ò¤[>B

ªD<8Y¤WBrÂΤÖ<±¡9<Ϊ‚©¢£B‚8Y¤Å7BDª‚<F¢v¢£B‚8$9E‹¤[I“<F8ºIJ8¦<79$B‚7=¤W<b<D®¶B‚7ªD<¢£B2I“8Ä

>BD7B‚8Y¤´9IJ?EF9®EF8¶¤WEF¥BD?<±¡l§k<±¤W>ǤWB‚ª[>8<FKJ<¥FIJB‚? Û È69®FE8ªDB‚9ǤWB‚ª[>Ä

8IJÀΩB‚?£¡N<F72IJ89BrÂIJ8¥ºE8$9 ªD<¢£­EF7IJ8¥º¤[Br¤[©EK&9$<ª‚©$¢vBD8¶¤W?‚ÛÔE?2¤[>B

®¶B‚ªP¤W<7£?­EFª‚B2¢£<9BDK—Û¼²B‚73Bb§k<737<D¼²B‚9¦¡N73<¢ ¤W>$BY³R8¡N<73¢vE±¤WIJ<8

BPÄ

¤W73I“BP®EFKƪ‚<F¢v¢.©8$I¿¤«¯½,³—8 ¤W>$BH8BP¼¸?¥73<©­ EF7-¤WIJªDK“BÇ7B‚ªD<¢£¢vBD89E±¤WIJ<8

¤W73Eª[Ó´<±¡¤W>B)­$7< B‚ªP¤ &7<F©­ B‚8?DÛr¼²BDEÓ.ª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤3Ä4§E?3B‚9´ªD7I»¤WB‚73I“EÛD?©ª[>

EF?¾?­kBDK“KJIJ8¥ÊE89¦EF7-¤WIJª‚KJB£KJB‚8¥±¤W>ÛÙIJ?Å©$?B‚9ƤW<Ç¡NEF§7IJª‚E±¤WB£7E‹¤[I“8$¥?‚½×&©7

7BD?B‚EF7ª[>v>$E?)E=?IJ¢vIJKJE7Ù¡N<Ϊ‚©?Dȶ³—8¹<739B‚7¤W<&IJ¢v­$7<D®¯Bª‚<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÔÏÐK»Ä

¤WBD7IJ8¥"¼²B¸E9$97B‚?3?ÓFBr«¾­7<F§KJB‚¢£E±¤WIJª)ª‚EF?B‚?z¼¸>IJª[>v7BD?©K»¤¡N7<F¢ KJEª[Ó¾<±¡

7E±¤WIJ8¥F?‚½$·B¾ª[><?3BvEÊ9<¢£EFI“8ÙÛÐEF7-¤´­EFIJ8¶¤WIJ8¥F?‚Û¼Á>$B‚7B.ª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤3Ä4§E?3B‚9

ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥.E8$9HIJ89BP IJ8¥=¤WBDªW>8$I“ÀΩB‚?EF7B.¢v<F7B.­7<F¢£I“?3I“8$¥ ½

â

<F¢Å§$I“8$E‹Ä

¤WIJ<F8*¤WB‚ª[>8IJÀΩB‚?¡N<F7.ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§$E?BD9ºE8$9ª‚<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯B=ÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥£¡N<F7

EF7-¤)­EIJ8Y¤WIJ8¥??>$<©KJ9=¤W>BD7Br¡_<7B,>ED®¯B"?IJ¢vIJKJE7Ù­7<F­kB‚7-¤[I“BD?E?z¡N<F7z<‹¤W>$B‚7

9<F¢£EIJ8?Ô¼Á>$B‚7B&IJ89BP IJ8¥Ã¤WB‚ª[>8IJÀ©$B‚?²EF7B&KJB‚?3?lEF9®EF8ªDB‚9½

³—8¦¤W>BÚ¡N<KJKJ<D¼¸I“8$¥b¼²B2¢£<‹¤WI»®E±¤WBÚ¤W>B;©$?B;<±¡°ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9 ÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥

IJ8£ª‚<F¢Å§$I“8$E‹¤WIJ<F8¾¼¸I»¤W>£ª‚<FKJK“EF§k<F7E‹¤[I¿®¶B,ÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥§Y«¾ÏÐ7?-¤²9$B‚?ªD7IJ§IJ8¥¸¤[>B

?-¤[©9IJB‚9¦ª‚73I¿¤[B‚7IJE*E89Ø<§?3B‚7-®E±¤WIJ<F8?¾¢£E9BÊ¡N73<¢ ¤W>$BÌ©$?B‚7?£7E±¤WIJ8¥F?‚½

>BD8Û)¼²BÆ­7BD?B‚8Y¤;<©72EF­­7<FEFªW>BD?;<±¡¾I“8Y¤WB‚¥F7E±¤WIJ8¥ºª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤3Ä4§E?3B‚9

ªD7I»¤WB‚7IJEÊI“8Y¤W<bªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÖÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥¹IJ8Æ<79$B‚7=¤W<bIJ¢£­7<D®¯B£¤[>Bv­$7BrÄ

9IJªP¤WIJ<8º­kBD7-¡N<F7¢vEF8ªDB½

>$B¹­7<F­k<?BD9º¤WBDªW>$8IJÀ©BD?&E7BÊBr®EFKJ©E±¤WB‚9ºIJ8

< ÐÄ4KJIJ8B¸BP ­kBD7IJ¢vBD8¶¤W?‚½

! ! #) *! *

³_¤ÅIJ?&7B‚EF?<F8EF§KJB.¤W<2Br­kB‚ªr¤&¤[>E‹¤´IJ¢£E¥FB‚?ü¸I¿¤[>º?IJ¢vIJKJE7"ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤´¼¸IJKJK

§kBEFK“¢£<F?-¤CBDÀ©EFKJK»«ÅIJ8¶¤WBD7B‚?|¤WIJ8¥¸¤[<´©?BD7?‚½

>B­73<§KJBD¢ IJ?z¤W>E±¤)9BrÏÐ8Ä

IJ8¥¾IJ¢£E¥FB´ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤¸E89ÇI“¢£EF¥B&?IJ¢£IJK“EF7I»¤4«¹IJ??-¤WIJKJKkE82<F­kB‚82­7<F§KJB‚¢2½

×&8¥<FIJ8¥£7B‚?BDE73ªW>ºIJ8bG*©K»¤WIJ¢vBD9I¿EµI“8$9BrÂI“8$¥¾IJ?¸¡N<Ϊ‚©?3I“8$¥v<F8b¤¼²<29I»Ä

7BDªr¤WIJ<F8?‚È

B‚I»¤W>BD7¸B‚EFª[>ºI“¢£EF¥B¾IJ?9B‚?3ª‚7IJ§kB‚9ǧ¶«bEʤWBrÂΤW©EFKªDE­¤WIJ<8Û5EF89ºª‚EF­Ä

¤WIJ<8$?ÅEF7B2ª‚<F¢£­E73B‚9 ©?3I“8$¥b¤WBDªW>$8IJÀ©BD?Å9$B‚7I»®¶B‚9Æ¡N7<F¢ 9$<ª‚©$¢vBD8¶¤

7Br¤[7IJBr®EFK—Û

­I»Â BDK“?=¤W<ºBP¤W73EªP¤ EF©¤W<F¢vE±¤WIJª‚EFKJK»«º¡NB‚E±¤W©7BD?¾¼¸>IJª[> EF7Bbª‚<F¢£­E73B‚9

©?IJ8¥.?<F¢vB&9$I“?|¤WE8$ª‚B¢vBDE?©$7B&IJ8;¤[>B¸¡_B‚E±¤W©7B&?­$EªDB½

·B=¡N<Ϊ‚©?<8 ¤W>B´?3B‚ª‚<F89*E­$­7<FEª[>b§kB‚ªDE©$?B´I»¤ªDE8*§kB´BD8¶¤WIJ7BDK¿«;EF©Ä

¤W<F¢£E‹¤WBD9½Ù³—8<F©7&­7<±¤W<±¤4« ­kBFÛ5¼²B£>ED®¯B¹ªD©77BD8¶¤WK»«ÌIJ¢£­KJB‚¢£B‚8Y¤WB‚92¤¼²<

¡NBDE‹¤[©7B&BrÂΤW7EFªr¤WIJ<F82ª‚<F¢v­k<F8B‚8Y¤W?‚Û9BD7I»®¯BD9Ê¡N7<F¢ ¤W>Bü²<7Ó29BD?ª‚73I“§kBD9

IJ8 Û

È â

<FK“<F7>IJ?-¤W<F¥73E¢£?E89ʤWBP¤W©$7BªD<B#" ªDI“BD8¶¤W?D½

*! )

>B.<F7IJ¥IJ8EFK­EIJ8Y¤WIJ8¥?EF7B.ED®EIJKJEF§KJB´IJ8 =A ¡N<F7¢£E‹¤ÍÛd¼Á>$B‚7B.B‚EFª[>

­I»ÂB‚K¶IJ?9BrÏÐ8$B‚9´§Y«&¤W>Bz®EFKJ©B‚? . Ä <‹¡¤[>Bz¤W>7BDB)ª‚<F¢v­k<F8BD8¶¤W?Ù7B‚9Û

§KJ©BEF892¥7BDB‚8½Î·B&­$7< B‚ªP¤l¤[>B‚?B®FEKJ©BD?²IJ8ʤW>B ?­EFª‚B 1©BÛ

E±¤W©73E‹¤WIJ<F8Û*CEFKJ©Bk¼¸>IJªW>.¢£<9BDKJ?¢£<F7B)EªDª‚©73E‹¤WBDK»«&¤W>B)>©$¢vEF8.­kB‚7-Ä

ªDB‚­¤WIJ<F8¾<±¡dªD<KJ<F7?‚½

>B . ªD<B#" ªDI“BD8¶¤W?E7B"À©EF8¶¤WIJ¨DB‚9=¤W<&«IJB‚KJ9

9IkB‚7BD8¶¤–ª‚<FKJ<73?‚½ <7zB‚EFª[>vIJ¢£E¥FBÛ±¤W>B,>IJ?-¤W<F¥73E¢ <‹¡5¤W>BD?B

ª‚<FKJ<73?

IJ?ª‚<F¢v­$©¤WB‚9 N­7<F­k<F7-¤WIJ<8¹<±¡–­I»Â BDK“?Ô¼¸I¿¤[>;E£¥I»®¶B‚82À©EF8¶¤[I“¨DB‚9¹ªD<KJ<F7$h½

<&ª‚<F¢£­E73B)¤4¼²<&IJ¢£E¥FB‚?Dۀ¼²Bª‚<F¢v­$©¤WBz¤W>B

9IJ?-¤WEF8ª‚B NB‚ÀΩE±¤WIJ<8

§kBP¤4¼²B‚BD8ʤW>B‚IJ7,ª‚<FK“<F7>IJ?-¤W<F¥73E¢£?‚È

ÖÈÙ­kB‚73ª‚B‚8Y¤WEF¥B&<±¡8©$¢Å§kBD7²<±¡–­I»Â B‚KJ?

<±¡­EFI“8Y¤WIJ8¥

¼¸I»¤W>Ú¤W>B&ª‚<FKJ<7 ½

(

+

*

:

*

2 (

9

@

.;

"2! * !

· >IJKJB)ª‚<FKJ<7>IJ?-¤W<F¥7EF¢£?–9<8<‹¤¤WEÓFBIJ8¶¤W<EªDª‚<F©8¶¤z¤W>B,E737E8$¥BD¢vBD8¶¤

<±¡­I»Â BDK“?Dۋ¤[Br¤[©7Bª‚<ÎB "¹ª‚IJB‚8Y¤W?ªDE8¹§kB"ª‚<F¢v­©¤WB‚9.¤[<Ū[>EF7EFªr¤WBD7IJ¨‚BKJ<‹Ä

ªDEKέ7<F­kB‚7-¤WIJBD?k<‹¡¤[>B)IJ¢vEF¥BF½D·B²EF7B²©$?IJ8¥E¸¼²ED®¶B‚KJBr¤9$B‚ª‚<F¢£­k<?I»¤WIJ<F8

©?3I“8$¥&¤W>B EFE7Ô¤W7EF8?-¡N<F7¢2Û§Y«v¼¸>IJª[>¹E.8©¢.§kB‚7)<±¡?3©§Ä4IJ¢vEF¥FB‚?zª‚<F7-Ä

7BD?­k<F89IJ8¥µ¤W<2E;¡_7B‚ÀΩB‚8ªP«b9B‚ªD<¢£­k<?3I¿¤[I“<F8bEF7B¾¥FB‚8BD7E±¤WB‚9 ½  

>B‚?B

?©$§Ä4IJ¢vEF¥BD?E7B.ÀΩE8Y¤WIJ¨‚BD92¤W<¹§IJ8EF7-«¹®EFKJ©B‚?‚Û$?<£¤W>E±¤&B‚EFªW>*­I»Â BDK<±¡

>B=>IJ?-¤W<F¥7EF¢ <‹¡¤W>B‚?3B&®¶B‚ªr¤[<7? NI»¤l>EF?¸KJB‚8¥±¤W> I“?Á¤W>B¡NBDE‹¤W©$7B

®¶B‚ªP¤W<7µE??3<ª‚IJE±¤WB‚9ƤW<ǤW>B£¤[Br¤[©7B¹EF8EK»«?IJ?´<±¡¸¤W>B¹IJ¢£E¥FB½6?¾­$7BrÄ

®I“<F©?K»«¶Û5¤W>B

N?BDBvBDÀ©E±¤WIJ<F8 ´9IJ?-¤WEF8ªDB¾IJ?´©?BD9º¤W<Ç¢vBDE?©$7B¾¤[>B

9IJ?-¤[E8ªDB§kBP¤4¼²BDB‚82IJ¢vEF¥BD?‚½

! * * ' !0 ! * "2!

6"¡ ¤WBD7¹E9®¶B‚7|¤WIJ?B‚¢£B‚8Y¤;I“8 ?3Br®¶B‚7EFK&¢vEFIJKJI“8$¥HKJIJ?-¤W?‚ÛC¼Á>$I“ª[> EF7BH73B‚KJE‹¤[B‚9

¤W<º73B‚ª‚<F¢£¢vBD89B‚7µ?-« ?-¤[B‚¢£?‚Û¼²BbE‹¤3¤W7EFªr¤WBD9ÑIJ8I»¤WIJEFK)©?B‚73?¾¤W<*¤[>B

% / *) , -v½

>B+N<8$¥<FIJ8¥¤W7IJEFKK“BDE9ǤW<ÊE;9E±¤WEF§E?3B¾<‹¡²EF­Ä

­73<‚ÂIJ¢vE±¤WB‚K»«

. .

7E±¤WIJ8¥F?<±¡

©$?B‚7?D½F·B©$?B¤W>IJ?z9E±¤WE‹Ä4?3Br¤)8<D¼

¤W<EF8EK»«¨‚B)¤[>B²7BDKJE‹¤WIJ<F8?>IJ­&§kBP¤4¼²B‚BD8.¤W>B)©$?B‚7?7E‹¤[I“8$¥§kBD>ED® IJ<7EF89

¤W>$B&ªW><F?BD8̪D<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9ʪ‚7I»¤WBD7IJE.ª‚<FK“<F7E8$9;¤[Br¤[©7B½

73<¢ ¤W>B,7E‹¤[I“8$¥¸9E±¤WE§$E?BÔ¼²B?E¢£­KJB‚9.IJ8?-¤[E8ªDB‚?Ù¼¸>B‚8µE©?3B‚7–7E±¤WBD?

¤¼²<H9IkB‚7BD8¶¤´­EFIJ8¶¤WIJ8¥F?‚½ <F7ÅBDEª[>¦IJ8?-¤WEF8ª‚Bµ¼²B¹¢£B‚EF?©7BD9º¤W>B¹EF§Ä

?<FKJ©¤WB.9IkB‚7BD8ª‚B=§kBr¤4¼²BDB‚8*¤W>$BÅ73E‹¤WIJ8¥ _E;?ªD<7Bµ§kBr¤4¼²BDB‚8

.

E89

.

EF89¦¤W>$B;EF§?<FK“©¤WB¹ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§$E?BD9¦9IJ?-¤WEF8ª‚B NEªDª‚<F79IJ8¥2¤[<*¤W>B¹9IJ?-Ä

¤WEF8ªDB¢£B‚EF?©7BD?‚Û9BD?ª‚7IJ§kBD9vIJ8;?3B‚ªr¤[I“<F8? ½½¾E8$9;?BDªr¤WIJ<F8 ½½ h½5³—8

E&?BDª‚<F89¾?-¤[B‚­.¤W>$B‚?B,I“8$?-¤WEF8ª‚BD?¼²BD7B¸ªDK“©$?-¤WB‚73B‚9´IJ8Y¤W<¸¤[B‚8¾BDÀ©EFK»Ä4K“BD8¥±¤W>

IJ8¶¤[B‚7-®EFKJ?¸<±¡²ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§EF?BD9b9IJ?-¤WEF8ª‚BD?‚½ <F7&B‚EFªW>ºIJ8¶¤[B‚7-®EFKÙ¤W>B.¢£B‚EF8

EF§?<FKJ©¤WB´73E‹¤WIJ8¥µ9IJ?-¤WEF8ª‚Bü²E?&¢£B‚EF?©7BD9Û?3<£¤W>E±¤E¹?-¤WE±¤WIJ?-¤WIJª&IJ?EF­Ä

­73<‚ÂIJ¢vE±¤WB‚9£EF?)¤W<üÁ>$E‹¤E§?3<KJ©¤WB7E±¤WIJ8¥&9IJ?-¤[E8ªDB,¤W<´BP ­kB‚ªP¤)¡N<F7)<8B

©?3B‚7,¡N<F7²¤¼²<¹­EFI“8Y¤WIJ8¥F?z¼ÁI»¤W>2E¾¥FI»®¯BD82ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§EF?BD9;9IJ?-¤WEF8ªDB½

>B¹7BD?©K»¤W?=<‹¡¤W>BD?B¹¢£B‚EF?©7BD¢vBD8¶¤W?áN<7Ö¤W>B£ª‚<FK“<F7.>IJ?-¤W<F¥73E¢ 9IJ?-Ä

¤WEF8ªDBEF89¹¤[>B¸¤[Br¤[©7Bª‚<B#" ªDIJB‚8¶¤²9$I“?|¤WE8$ª‚B¸¢£B‚EF?©7BEF7B&­KJ<‹¤3¤WB‚9¹IJ8

ÏÐ¥F©7B ½$³N¤lªDE82§kB8<±¤WB‚9£¤W>$E‹¤,¤W>B‚73BIJ?²Eµª‚KJB‚EF7²­k<F?I»¤WI»®¯B"ª‚<F77B‚KJE±¤WIJ<8

§kBP¤4¼²B‚BD8bª‚<FKJ<7>IJ?-¤[<¥F7EF¢ 9IJ?-¤WEF8ª‚B&EF89ʤW>B&73E‹¤WIJ8¥µ9IdBD7B‚8ªDBÛÎ?©¥±Ä

¥FB‚?-¤[I“8$¥.¤W>E±¤l­EFIJ8¶¤WIJ8¥F?)¼¸>IJª[>;EF7B&ª‚KJ<F?B´IJ8ʪ‚<FK“<F7E73B&¢v<F7B&KJIJÓBDK¿«£¤W<

¥FBr¤&?IJ¢vIJKJEF7²7E±¤WIJ8¥F?¸§¶«2<8B.©?3B‚7¸EF?­$EIJ8¶¤[I“8$¥?,¼¸>IJªW>ÇE7B=9IJ??IJ¢£I“KJEF7

IJ8¹ª‚<FKJ<7D½

>B­KJ<‹¤z¡N<F7)¤WBP¤W©$7B¸IJ?)KJB‚??,I“8$9IJª‚E±¤WI»®¯BFȀ¼¸>IJKJB¤W>BD7B¸?BDB‚¢£?

¤W<ǧkBvE2¤[7B‚89*¤[<‚¼²EF79?.Eb­k<F?I»¤WI»®¶B¾ª‚<F77BDK“E±¤WIJ<F8*¤W>B‚73B¾IJ?´?<F¢vB 5©ªrÄ

¤W©$E‹¤WIJ<F8½ ©7-¤W>BD7‚ÛI»¤ªDE8*§kB´8$<‹¤WBD92¤W>E±¤¸¤W>$BŪD<737B‚KJE±¤WIJ<82<±¡CªD<KJ<F7IJ?

?-¤[7<8$¥BD7¤W>EF8b¤W>$B¾ª‚<F77BDK“E±¤WIJ<F82¡N<F7&¤WBP¤W©73BÅIJ8ǤWB‚73¢v?<‹¡¢vEF¥F8I»¤W©9B

<±¡7E±¤WIJ8¥.9IdBD7B‚8$ª‚B½

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 1.2

1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6

Content−based distance

Rating distance

Content: Color, Experiment: n1008aF mean

=3'1Q ,(

6

7,*7',0 -%

'9.

0 0.5 1 1.5 2

2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

Content−based distance

Rating distance

Content: Texture, Experiment: n1008aF mean

=3"%Q .5%

6

".,

-%

'9.

*LS%S 7 ('7/. -%

'=.

"% ; ". ,(

6

7,*7'10

=7 .5%

6

".1

Q

#%'0.170.*

'9.--% & ".

7'NB.*

' 7

*/. -"9<5

S

³_¤´?><F©KJ9H§kB¾8$<‹¤WBD9b¤[>E‹¤&¤[>B¾<F§?B‚7|®E‹¤[I“<F8?E§k<D®¶BvED®¶B‚7EF¥FB‚?´EFKJK–¤[>B

©?3B‚7?5¡N73<¢¤W>B9E‹¤[E?BP¤ÍÛP¼Á>$I“KJB–I»¤IJ?k­7<F§EF§KJBÙ¤W>E±¤©?BD7?5®EF7-«&?-¤W7<F8¥FK¿«

7BD?­kB‚ªP¤WI»®¯B¤[<¹¤W>B=ª‚<F77BDK“E±¤WIJ<F8̧kBP¤4¼²BDB‚8*ª‚<FK“<F7‚Û$¤WBP¤W©73B&E89*7E±¤WIJ8¥F?‚Û

BF½¥½¿Û¡_<7¸?3<¢£B&©?BD7?,¤W>B&ª‚<F77BDKJE‹¤WIJ<F8;¢£IJ¥>Y¤lEF­­K»«v¼²BDEÓFB‚7Á¼Á>$I“KJB"¡N<F7

<±¤W>BD7?I¿¤E­$­KJI“BD?²?-¤[7<8$¥BD7‚½

³—82¤W>B=8BrÂΤÁ?3B‚ªr¤[I“<F8?¼²B.?©$¥¥FB‚?-¤"¤WB‚ª[>8IJÀ©$B‚?,¼¸>IJªW>2ª‚<F¢.§IJ8B&ª‚<FKJKJE‹Ä

§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BµÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥¹¼¸I»¤W>¦ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§EF?BD9¢£B‚EF?©7BD?ÅIJ8¦<F79B‚7=¤W<ǤWEFÓB

EF9®EF8¶¤WEF¥FB&<‹¡–¤[>B&ª‚<F77BDK“E±¤WIJ<F8;§kBr¤¼²B‚BD8̪D<KJ<F7‚ÛΤWBP¤W©73BEF8927E±¤WIJ8¥?D½

' * * * # *,! ! !' # #* ! *

A)E?BD9º<8*¤[>B=ÏÐ89IJ8¥F?¸<±¡)¤W>B.­7BP® IJ<©$?¸¢vBDE?3©7B‚¢£B‚8Y¤W?ª‚<F8ª‚BD78IJ8¥

¤W>$B¸7B‚KJE±¤WIJ<8$?>IJ­´§kBP¤4¼²B‚BD8¹ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§$E?BD9v­$EIJ8¶¤[I“8$¥9IJ?-¤[E8ªDBE89£7E±Ä

¤WIJ8¥µ9IdBD7B‚8ªDB¸¼²B=9B‚73I¿®¶B‚92E£ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§$E?BD9;­73B‚9IJªr¤[I“<F8¹¢£<9BDKR½Î·B

©?3B&EvKJIJ8B‚EF7)B‚?|¤WIJ¢vE±¤W<F7²¡_<7,¤W>B&ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9Ê­7BD9IJªr¤WIJ<F8¾¼¸>IJª[>¹¼²B

¢£<9BDKkE?Á¡N<KJKJ<D¼¸?‚È

!

È4©$?B‚7 ‰?7E±¤WIJ8¥=¡N<F7­EIJ8Y¤WIJ8¥

% È EIJ8¶¤[I“8$¥?‚Û73E‹¤WBD92§¶«;©?BD7½

&IJ?-¤WEF8ªDBIJ8¶¤[B‚7-®EFKJ?‚È

( / /#

(

.;

? ( / / / /

&IJ?-¤WEF8ªDBªDK“EF??BD?‚È

(

2 @ % È

=

2 @

7BD9IJªr¤WIJ<F8£¡N<F7l­$EIJ8¶¤[I“8$¥

¡N<F7©?B‚7È

=

( + ,

6 9 ,

!

9

* *

­7B‚?3?B‚92IJ8ʼ²<79$?‚Û$¤W>B´­$7B‚9IJªP¤WIJ<8£¼²<F7Ó?EF?¸¡N<FKJKJ<‚¼¸?‚Èd³N¡)Ev­$7B‚9IJªPÄ

¤WIJ<F8ºIJ?&¤W<b§kBµ¢vEF9Bµ¡N<7.Eb©$?B‚7 EF89E2¤[E7¥FBr¤.­EFI“8Y¤WIJ8¥

ÛÙEFK“Kz¤[>B

­EFIJ8¶¤WIJ8¥F?´­$7Br®I“<F©?K»«H73E‹¤WBD9 §¶«¦©?BD7 ÒEF7B;¥F7<F©­kB‚9ÆI“8Y¤W<b9IJ?-¤[E8ªDB

ªDK“EF??BD?

²EFª‚ªD<79$I“8$¥.¤W<¾ªD<KJ<F7-Ä4§EF?B‚9Ê9IJ?-¤WEF8ª‚B"¤W<.¤WEF7¥FBr¤­$EIJ8¶¤3Ä

IJ8¥

N?B‚BzÏ5¥©73B ¡N<F7EF8´IJKJKJ©?-¤W73E‹¤WIJ<F8 h½ EFªW>.ª‚KJEF??IJ?EF??<ªDIJE‹¤WBD9&¼¸I»¤W>

*LSLS4 (( #%'0.,70.*

',& G('

N

L -B. -%

'9. ('

7

'-%0.*47 #%'0.170.* : %'

#%'0.170.*

%'%' , ' 04(', -%

'9. 72#%'0.,NB.*! <'(( 0.

',04 ('

7

S

Eµ¼²B‚IJ¥F>¶¤"

ÛΤW>$B&9B‚¥F7B‚B&<±¡ªD<8Ï59B‚8ªDB½

>B&­7BD9IJªr¤WIJ<F8¹I“?Ô¤W>BD8;¤[>B

¼²BDI“¥F>¶¤[B‚9*?©¢ <±¡¤W>$BÅ¢£B‚EF8*7E‹¤[I“8$¥?¸<±¡²B‚EFª[>HªDK“EF??‚½

>$B´¼²BDIJ¥>Y¤W?#

EF7B¾BD?-¤WIJ¢vE±¤WBD92¤W>7<F©¥F>HKJIJ8BDE7¸73B‚¥F7B‚??3I“<F8*§¶«b©?IJ8¥¹EÊ­7IJ<73K¿«;?3B‚­E±Ä

7E±¤WBD9¹?©§?BP¤²<‹¡k¤[>B¸7E±¤WIJ8¥F?‚½ <F7²BDEª[>;ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9£ª‚7I»¤WBD7IJE ÛFªD<KJ<F7

>IJ?-¤[<¥F7EF¢ EF89£¤WBrÂΤW©7BªD<B "¹ª‚IJBD8¶¤W?‚ÛYEÅ­$7B‚9IJªP¤W<7Õ¼²E?ª‚73B‚E±¤WB‚9È

EF89

,

)%$

, ) ½

³—8 EØ?B‚ªD<89?-¤WBD­ ¤W>BD?B*ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§EF?BD9 ­7BD9IJªr¤W<F7?¹EF7Bºª‚<F¢.§IJ8B‚9

¼¸I»¤W>ƤW>B¹ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BµÏÐK»¤WBD7IJ8¥;­73B‚9IJªr¤[<7

*

ۖEF?£9B‚?ªD7IJ§kB‚9ºIJ8

=

( *

B

5

= B

, )%$

, ) , )$

, )

¼¸I»¤W>

+ (

>B2¼²BDIJ¥>Y¤W?

*

,

)$

, )

E7BÇB‚?-¤WIJ¢£E‹¤[B‚9 §Y« ¤W>B2©?B2<±¡´KJI“8Ä

BDE77B‚¥F7BD??IJ<8 ¼ÁI»¤W>ÇE¹?Br¤Ä4EF?IJ9B=?©§?BP¤<±¡¤W>$BÅ73E‹¤WIJ8¥F?‚Û$?<£¤W>E±¤¤[>B

¼²BDI“¥F>¶¤[?&E7BµE9EF­¤WBD9b¤[<¹¤W>B.7BDKJBr®EF8ª‚B=<‹¡²EÊ­7BD9IJªr¤W<F7‚Û5B½‰¥ ½»Û>IJ¥F>B‚7

¡N<F7)ª‚<FKJ<7z§EF?B‚9£¤[>E8Ö¡N<7z¤[Br¤[©7B§EF?B‚9£­7BD9IJªr¤WIJ<F8½

>B¸B‚?|¤WIJ¢vE±¤WIJ<8

<±¡¤[>B&¼²BDI“¥F>¶¤[??>$<©KJ92§kB´73B‚­kB‚E±¤WBD9ÌEF?"¤W>B´73E‹¤WIJ8¥£9E±¤WEF§E?3BÅ¥F7<D¼¸?‚Û

IJ8Ò<79$B‚7£¤W<ƤWEFÓB*IJ8¶¤W<ÆEªDª‚<F©8¶¤;E¦­73B‚ª‚IJ?IJ<F8Ä4¥FEIJ8IJ8 ¥*ª‚<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯B

­73B‚9IJªr¤[<7‚½

6?´7BD?B‚EF7ª[>ºKJB‚EF9?¤W<2E9$9I»¤WIJ<8EFKª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4EF8EFK»« ?IJ?¤W<Î<KJ?¡N<F7´­$EIJ8¶¤3Ä

IJ8¥F?‚ÛD¤W>IJ?Ùª‚<F¢Å§$I“8$E‹¤WIJ<F8&E­$­7<FEª[>´EFKJK“<D¼¸?©8KJIJ¢vI»¤WBD9IJ8ªDKJ©?IJ<8<±¡8$Br¼

ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9Ê­7B‚9$I“ªP¤W<F7?‚½ E±¤WBD7lIJ8Ú¤W>IJ?²EF7-¤WIJª‚KJBFÛ¶¼²B=­7B‚?3B‚8¶¤¸BP ­kB‚7|Ä

IJ¢£B‚8¶¤[EK57B‚?3©K»¤W?z¡N<F7²¤[>IJ?)E­­$7<EFª[>ÛE‹¡‘¤WB‚7­7BD?B‚8Y¤WIJ8¥&E¾?BDª‚<F89ʤWB‚ª[>Ä

8IJÀΩBIJ8Ú¤W>B¡N<FKJK“<D¼¸IJ8¥.?B‚ªP¤WIJ<8Ù½

* * ! * * 3 ! *

· >IJKJB)¤[>B­7Br®IJ<©?E­­$7<EFª[>vªD<¢.§IJ8BD9.¤W>Bª‚<FKJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯BÔÏÐK»¤WB‚7IJ8¥

EF89£ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§EF?BD9¾KJI“8$B‚EF7K»«¯Û‹EF??©$¢vIJ8¥"¤W>E±¤¤[>B‚?B"E7BIJ89BD­kB‚89$B‚8F¤ÍÛ

¼²BÆ­7B‚?3B‚8¶¤28<D¼ E8<±¤W>BD7;EF­­7<FEFªW>¼¸>IJªW>9<BD?28<‹¤2ªW>$E8¥FBº¤[>B

ªD<KJKJE§k<F7E±¤WI»®¯Bµ­7B‚9$I“ªP¤WIJ<8ºEFKJ¥<F7I»¤W>¢ N?BDB;?BDªr¤WIJ<F8 ½ ŧ©¤.I“8$?-¤WB‚EF9

EFK»¤WB‚7?äW>B£7E±¤WIJ8¥;9E±¤WEF§EF?Bv§$E?BD9¦<8ƪ‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§EF?BD9ºª‚7I»¤WBD7IJE ½

>B

7E±¤WIJ8¥¸9$E‹¤WEF§EF?B²IJ?–BP¤WBD89BD9&¼¸I»¤W>¾EF7-¤WI»ÏЪ‚IJEFK©$?B‚7?Õ¼Á>$<?B7E±¤WIJ8¥F?E7B

§EF?BD9Ñ<F8ѪD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9¦ªD7I»¤WB‚7IJEbEF89Ò7E±¤WIJ8¥?µ<‹¡&7B‚EFK¸©?3B‚7?‚½

>IJ?

EF­­7<FEFªW>Ǽ²E?=IJ8?­IJ7BD9;§¶« E7|¼²E7‰?$ % / ,/ % vEF­­7<FEª[> ¡N<F7

¤W>$B °7<F©­ BD8?¸8BP¼Á?ÃÏÐK»¤WB‚73I“8$¥¾­7< BDªr¤ÍÈ <7äW>E±¤´­7< B‚ªP¤´?<±¡ ¤4¼²EF7B

EF¥BD8¶¤W?Ô¼¸>IJªW>¹©?3B‚9£?IJ¢v­KJBª‚<F8¶¤[B‚8¶¤3Ä4§E?3B‚9£ª‚7I»¤WBD7IJE N?­kB‚KJKJIJ8¥EF89¹EF7-Ä

¤WIJªDK“B=KJB‚8¥±¤W>²¤[<;7E±¤WB¾8BP¼¸?&E7-¤[I“ªDKJB‚?¸EF©¤W<F¢vE±¤WIJª‚EFKJK»«ÌEF89b¤[<;IJ8ª‚73B‚EF?B

¤W>$B&E¢£<©$8¶¤¸<‹¡–7E±¤WIJ8¥F?I“8Ú¤W>B&9E±¤WEF§EF?B½

7BDEKk©$?B‚7$2E.ª‚<F77BD?­k<8$9IJ8¥&E7|¤WI»ÏЪ‚IJEFK ©$?B‚7

E89 ,

)%$

, )

IJ?,9BrÄ

7I»®¶B‚9½

>B)EF7-¤WI»ÏЪ‚IJEFK‹©?BD7?IJ8>$B‚7I»¤5¤W>Bz7E‹¤[I“8$¥?†¡N7<F¢ ¤W>Bz<73I“¥FIJ8EFK‹©?BD7

ÛÙ?<2¤[>E‹¤´I»¡

!

I“?&9$BrÏÐ8BD9Û$¤W>BD8

!

( /

5! ( !

½Ù69$9I»Ä

¤WIJ<F8EFK“K»«¶Û¶E7|¤WI»ÏЪ‚IJEFKÐ7E±¤WIJ8¥F?²EF7B&9BD7I»®¯BD9¹¡N<F7?<¢£B&IJ¢vEF¥FB‚?‚Ûμ¸>IJª[>;¤[>B

<F7IJ¥IJ8EFK©$?B‚7 H>$E9*8<±¤7E±¤WB‚9½

>B.EF7-¤WI»ÏЪ‚IJEFKk7E±¤WIJ8¥?EF7B.ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä

§EF?BD9;­7BD9IJªr¤WIJ<F8?¡N<F7)¤[>E‹¤²­$E7-¤[I“ªD©KJE7z©?BD7‚½

>$I“?)¢£B‚EF8?Ô¤W>E±¤l?<F¢vB

©8$7E‹¤[B‚92I»¤WB‚¢£?E7B.EF??IJ¥F8B‚9bE¹­$7B‚9IJªP¤WB‚9Ê7E‹¤[I“8$¥ Û§EF?BD9b<8*?IJ¢£I“KJEF7-Ä

I»¤4«§kBP¤4¼²BDB‚8¦¤W>$B¹7E‹¤[B‚9 I»¤WBD¢v?.EF89ƤW>B;I»¤WBD¢ ¡N<F7.¼¸>IJªW>ƤW>$B¹7E‹¤[I“8$¥

IJ?&¢£I“?3?IJ8¥ ½†³—8<F79B‚7¤[<Ì¢£EFÓB£E2ª‚<F8¶¤WBD8¶¤Ä4§EF?BD9H­73B‚9IJªr¤[I“<F8Û¼²B¹9BrÄ

ÏÐ8$B´E;73B‚?-¤W73I“ªP¤WB‚928BDIJ¥>Χk<7>$<<9

!

E73<©8$9bE;­EFIJ8¶¤WIJ8¥

ª‚<F8¶¤[EIJ8Ä

IJ8¥£­EFI“8Y¤WIJ8¥F? £¼Á>$<?B.7E±¤WIJ8¥£IJ?¸9BrÏ58B‚92§¶«Ê¤W>B=©?B‚7)ºE89 ¼Á>$<?B

ªD<8Y¤WB‚8Y¤Ä4§EF?B‚9Ê9IJ?-¤WEF8ª‚B"¤W<£­EIJ8Y¤WIJ8¥

IJ?l§kBDKJ<‚¼ E¾¤[>7B‚?3><KJ9È

!

( @ % *

=

>BD?B´8BDIJ¥>Χk<7IJ8¥=­EFI“8Y¤WIJ8¥F?²EF7B¤W>BD8Ì©$?B‚9ʤW<£­7BD9IJªr¤lE£?ªD<7BáN<F7

¤W>$B)E7-¤[I¿Ï5ª‚IJEKF7E±¤WIJ8¥F?‚½

>B)­73B‚9IJªr¤[I“<F8¡N<F7¢.©KJE¡N<F7–ª‚<FKJ<7IJ?–9BD?ª‚73I“§kBD9

§kBDK“<D¼´È

=

( +

,

/

*

!

*

³—8v?©$¢v¢£E7|«Å¤[>B9E‹¤[E§EF?B N<F773E‹¤WIJ8¥¢£E‹¤W73I¿Â IJ?BP¤WBD89BD9.¡N<F7ªD<KJ<F7

EF?¡N<FKJK“<D¼¸?‚È

!

(

!

I»¡

!

IJ?9BrÏ58B‚9½

I»¡

!

IJ?²8<±¤B‚¢£­¤«¯½

©8$9BrÏÐ8$B‚9.B‚KJ?BF½

6 ?3I“¢£IJKJE7Ù­7<ªDB‚??IJ?ª‚<F89©ªP¤WB‚9¼¸I»¤W>=¤W>B¤WBP¤W©73B)9IJ?-¤WEF8ª‚BF½ IJ¥F©7B

IJKJKJ©?-¤W7E±¤WBD?z¤W>BBr¤[B‚8?IJ<F8¹¤WBDªW>$8IJÀ©BF½