EXPRESSIONS RATIONNELLES 1
1. Simplifie les expressions rationnelles et indique les restrictions.
a)
2
7 x 3
x 3 x 3 x 4
7 ; x 3, 3, 4 x 3 x 4
7 x 4 x 9 x 3
b)
2 3
2 2 2
x 1 x 3 x 1
1 ; x 3 x 3
x 1 x 3x x 3
x 3 1 3 1 3 3 0 3 1 0 1 0
c)
2
5 10
16 x x 4
2
5 x 4
x 16 10
5 x 4
x 4 x 4 10
1 ; x 4, 4 2 x 4
d) 2
2
x 4 x 9 3 x x 16
2
2
x 3 x 3 x 4
x 3 x 16 x 4 x 3
; x 3 x 16
e) 2
2
4x 9 2x 3 x 10x 25 x 5
2x 3 2x 3 x 5 x 5 x 5 2x 3
2x 3 ; x 5, 3 x 5 2
f) 2 2
2 2
x x 2 x 5x 6 (x 5) x 4x 4 x 2x 3
x 2 x 1 x 2 x 3 1 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 1 x 5
1 ;x 2, 3,1, 5 x 5
g) 5 2
2
x 2x x 2 x 1
5 3 2 2
5 3 3
3 2
2 3
2 3
3 2 2
x 0x 2x x 2 x 1
x x x x 2
x 2x x 2 x x
2x 2 2x
x 1 x x 2 x 1
x x 2 2
h) x3 2x2 2x 1
x 1
2
2
x 1 x x 1 x 1
x x 1 ; x 1
x 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
i) 2 2
2 2
6x x 1 3x 2x 1 6x 5x 1 3x 4x 1
1 1 1
2 3 3
6x 3 6x 2 / 6 3x 3 3x 1 / 3 6x 3 6x 2 / 6 3x 3 3x 1 / 3 3 2x 1 2 3x 1 / 6 3 x 1 3x 1 / 3 3 2x 1 2 3x 1 / 6 3 x 1 3x 1 / 3
1; x , , 1,
j) 3 2 2
2
x 3x 6x 8 x x 2 8x 32 12x 16x 4
x 2 1 3 6 8 2 10 8 1 5 4 0
2 2
x 2 x 5x 4 4 3x 4x 1 8 x 4 x 2 x 1 x 2 x 4 x 1 4 3x 3 3x 1 / 3
8 x 4 x 2 x 1
x 1 3x 1
; x 4, 2, 1 2
k) 3 2
3 2 2
8x 1 3x 6x 9
2x 5x 4x 3 24x 12x 6
12
x 8 0 0 1 4 2 1 8 4 2 0 2 4 2 1 0
x 1 2 5 4 3 2 7 3 2 7 3 0
2 2
2 2
2
2
12
2x 1 4x 2x 1 3 x 2x 3 x 1 2x 7x 3 6 4x 2x 1
2x 1 3 x 3 x 1
x 1 2x 6 2x 1 / 2 6
2x 1 4x 2x 1 3 x 3 x 1 x 1 2 x 3 2x 1 / 2 6 4x 2x 1
1 ;x 1,3, 2
2. Écris les expressions suivantes sous forme d’une expression rationnelle et indique les restrictions.
a) x 3 4x 6 x 1 x 1
x 3 4x 6 x 3 4x 6x 1
x 13 x 1 3x 3
x 1 x 1 3; x 1
b) 5 x 4
x 3 3 x
1 x 4 5
x 3 x 3 5 x 4 x 1 ;x 3x 3 x 3
c)
2 2
x 1
x 3x 2 x x
2
x 1
x 2 x 1 x x 1 x x 1 x 2 x x 1 x 2
x x 2 ; x 0, 1, 2 x x 1 x 2
d)
2 2
x 3 4x 2 x x 2 x 4
2 2
2 2
2
2 2x 1 x 3
x 2 x 1 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 2 2 2x 1 x 1
x 2 x 1 x 2
x 3x 2x 6 2 2x 2x x 1 x 2 x 1 x 2
x x 6 4x 6x 2 x 2 x 1 x 2
5x 5x 4 ; x 2, 1, 2 x 2 x 1 x 2
e) 2
2
4x 3 5 x 2x 8
2 2
2 2
2
5 x 2x 8 4x 3 x 4 x 2
5x 10x 40 4x 3 x 4 x 2
x 10x 43 ;x 4, 2 x 4 x 2
f) 2
3 2 2
x 3x 2 x 2 x x 9x 6 x 4
x 2 1 1 9 6 2 6 6 1 3 3 0
2
2
2
2
2 2
2 2 2
x 2 x 1 x 2
x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3x 3
x 1 1
x 2 x 3x 3
x 1 x 2 x 3x 3 x 3x 3 x 2 x 2x x 2 x 3x 3
x 3x 3 x 2 2x 1 ; x 2, 2 x 3x 3 x 2
g)
2 2 2
x 1 1
x 3x 18 x 6x x 3x
2
2
x 1 1
x 6 x 3 x x 6 x x 3 x x 1 x 3 1 x 6
x x 6 x 3 x x 3 x 6
x x 6 x 3 x 9 x x 6 x 3
x 3 x 3 x x 6 x 3 x 3 ;x 0, 6,3 x x 6
h) 2
2
y y 2
2
y 3 y 1 y 2y 3
2
2
2 2
y y 2
2
y 3 y 1 y 3 y 1 2 y 1 y y 3 y 2
y 3 y 1
2y 2 y 3y y 2 y 3 y 1
y ; y 3, 1 y 3 y 1
i)
2
6x x x 2
4 1
x 2 x 1
6x x 2 x 1 4 x 1 x 2
x 2 x 1
6x 6x
x 2 x 1 x 2 x 1 4x 4 x 2 3x 6
x 2 x 1 x 2 x 1 x 2 x 1 6x
x 2 x 1 3 x 2 2x ;x 2,1, 2
x 2
j) 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 x
2
1 3
2 3 5
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
x 1 x
1 1 1 1
1 1
x 1 x x 1
1 1 1 1
2x 1 x 1 2x 1
1 1
3x 2 2x 1 3x 2 8x 5
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 x
x 1
1 1 1 1
1 x 1 2x 1
1 1
1 2x 1 3x 2
3x 2 5x 3 3x 2 1 5x 3 5x
; x 0, 1, , , 5x
3 3
k) x y2
x y xy
x y2 1 x y xy
x ;x y, 0;y 0 x y
l) 1
1
x 2 x 3
31
1 2x 1 3x 1 2x 1 3xx 1 2x x x
x 1 3x 1 2x ;x 0, 1 3x