-
UNESCO
INTERNATIONAL HYDROLOGICAL PROGRAMME
National Reports
of the National Committees for the IHP
(September 1996 - May 1998)
IHP-V ( Technical Documents in Hydrology 1 No. 22 UNESCO, Paris, 1998
The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal
status of any country, territory, city or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
SC-98fWSl83
Preface
The Secretariat of the International Hydrological Programme is very pleased to present the second volume of National Reports of the National Committees for the IHP under the Technical Documents in Hydrology Series. The national reports included in this publication were originally requested from the National Committees of the Member States by the IHP
Secretariat for distribution at the thirteenth session of the Intergovernmental Council of the IHP (Paris, 8-13 June 1998). The first volume, containing the national reports covering the period February 199%August 1996, was published as the IHP Technical Documents in Hydrology No. 12, and this volume is the second of what is intended to be a biennial series.
The national reports presented here cover the activities for the intersessional period between the twelfth and thirteenth sessions of the Intergovernmental Council (September 1996-May 1998). The Secretariat suggested a common structure for the report to facilitate the review and the sharing of experiences between Member States of the IHP and to have more complete and systematic information of ongoing activities. In this volume there are 50 national reports representing 54 countries (there is only one report for the five Nordic Countries); 41 are in English, three in French and six in Spanish.
The texts of the national reports reproduced in this volume stand exactly as submitted by the Member States, except for minor editing in some cases, exclusively for presentation purposes. Thus, the contents of the reports have not been modified by the Secretariat of the IHP and remain the sole responsibility of the respective National Committees.
The Secretariat hopes to have put at the disposal of specialists and the general public a set of reports which will prove useful to learn about the IHP activities of each country, within their confines and internationally. The Secretariat sincerely wishes that this publication will not only enhance the interest in the hydrological sciences and in water resources management issues, but that it will contribute to fostering co-operative ventures in the subject at national, regional and international levels.
Contents
The following countries submitted reportsi which are reproduced in this volume. All the reports are in English, except where otherwise indicated (F: French, S: Spanish). There is a combined Nordic Countries report for Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. The reports are presented in the order listed below.
Australia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Benin (F) Cambodia China
Colombia (S) Cuba (S) Czech Republic
Denmark (see Nordic Countries) Ecuador (S)
Egypt
Finland (see Nordic Countries) France (F)
Germany Ghana Hungary
Iceland (see Nordic Countries) India
Indonesia Israel Italy Japan Kenya
Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of) Lebanon
Malaysia Namibia
Netherlands (The) New Zealand Nigeria
Nordic Countries
Norway (see Nordic Countries) Pakistan
Panama (S) Paraguay (S) Poland Portugal Qatar Romania
Slovak Republic Slovenia
South Africa Spain (S) Sri Lanka Sudan
Sweden (see Nordic Countries) Syria
Thailand Tunisia (F) Turkey Ukraine
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
NATIONAL REPORT OF AUSTRALIA
1. ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN IN THE PERIOD SEPTEMBER 1996 - MAY 1998 1.1 Meetings of the IHP National Committee
IHP activities in Australia are carried out under the guidance of the national UNESCO Science and Technology Network. In order to facilitate the implementation of UNESCO activities in Australia and the region, a national IHP Australian Network was established in 1995 and this network acts as the IHP National Committee for Australia.
There are no formal meetings of the IHP Australian Network. Activities are conducted largely between the members by telecommunications. IHP activities are reported to the UNESCO Science and Technology Network at meetings of that network.
1.1.1 Decisions regarding the composition of the IHP National Committee
The IHP Australian Network includes the following members. Three new members joined the Network since the 12th Session of the lHP-IC, namely, Professor Ian White, Mr Ross James and Ms Anne Jensen. Summary details of all current members are listed below.
Name Expertise
Bruce Stewart Water Resources Assessment Tony Falkland Island Hydrology
Trevor Daniel1 Urban/Flood Hydrology Ross James Hydrological Data & Networks Peter Martin Public Relations
Ian White Hydrology/Water Quality Russell Mein Flood/Yield Hydrology Ian Cordery Flood/Drought Hydrology Ray Volker Groundwater
Peter Dillon Groundwater Anne Jenkins Ecotones
Organization Bureau of Meteorology ACTEW Corporation University of Adelaide Bureau of Meteorology CSIRO
Australian National University (and Water Research Foundation of Australia)
CRC for Catchment Hydrology University of New South Wales University of Queensland Centre for Groundwater Studies Wetlands Care Australia
1.1.2 Status of IHP-V activities
The IHP Australian Network brings together many of the key hydrological research groups within Australia. As such, Australia is able to contribute towards IHP activities through the research programs currently existing in Australia. For example, the Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) for Catchment Hydrology and other centres for research undertake activities which are closely to the themes of IHP-V. A summary listing is provided below of activities pertinent to IHP-V.
Theme I - Global hydrological and geochernical processes Project 1.1 FRIEND
Collaboration in the Asian Pacific FRIEND project by provision of data and assisting in research activities.
Theme 2 - Ecohydrologicalprocesses
A number of the CRCs (Catchment Hydrology, Freshwater Ecology, Water Quality and Treatment, Soil and Land Management) and other centres such as the Centre for Environmental Applied Hydrology have active programs in ecohydrological processes including erosion processes and interactions between river systems, flood plains and wetlands.
Theme 3 - Groundwater resources at risk
The Centre for Groundwater Studies has as one of its main programs research activities to investigate how better to manage groundwater resources especially using ASR.
Theme 4 - Strategies for water resources management in emergency and conji’icting situations
Many of the CRCs and other research groups are carrying out environmental risk and impact assessment.
Theme 5 - Integrated water resources in arid and semiarid areas
CRCs and other research groups are carrying out water resources assessment and management programs in the arid and semi-arid areas of Australia.
Theme 6 - Humid tropics and water management
Many activities are undertaken by different research groups both in universities, government departments and the CRC’s for assessment of hydrological processes and water management in the humid tropics.
Theme 7 - Integrated urban water management
CRC’s and other organizations combine research to develop strategies for the sustainable use of the whole Murray-Darling Basin and other basins as integrated catchments.
Theme 8 - Transfer of Information and Technology
Each of the CRC’s has as part of its mandate a transfer of knowledge objective and hence they provide detailed information on the application of their research.
A list of Cooperative Research Centres (CRC’s) with web links can be found at http://www.dist.gov.au/crc/compend/CENTRES.HTML
Centres performing relevant research include:
CRC for Catchment Hydrology (http://www-civil.eng.monash.edu.au/centres/crcch/) CRC for Freshwater Ecology (http://lake.canberra.edu.au/crcfe/crchome.html)
CRC for Water Quality and Treatment (http://www.med.monash.edu.au/epidemiology/crc/) CRC for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management
CRC for Soil and Land Management CRC for Southern Hemisphere Meteorology CRC for Waste Management and Pollution Control
Other centres and research organizations include government departments (such as the Bureau of Meteorology), the CSIRO and university departments some of which are listed below.
Centre for Groundwater Studies (CSIRO) (http://www.clw.csiro.au/CGS/)
The purpose of the centre is to provide research, education and specialist services for Australian and international land and water industries with the objective of improving the management of resources affected by groundwater processes.
Centre for Environmental Applied Hydrology (CEAH) (http://aqua.civag.unimelb.edu.au/ceah/)
The Centre for Environmental Applied Hydrology is a research centre within the Departments of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geography and Environmental Science at the University of Melbourne. Specific expertise covers all aspects of surface and groundwater hydrology, hydraulics and geomorphology.
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The following program of activities for the CRC in Catchment Hydrology is given as an example of the programs and program structure of these research groups and for a fuller description of them, each centre’s web site should be contacted.
CRC FOR CATCHMENT HYDROLOGY RESEARCH PROGRAM/PROJECT STRUCTURE Major Core Projects are shown with second stage core projects shown in bold
Salinity Program Project Al
Sl s2 s3
Runoff and solute processes in high water table areas: measurement, modelling and management
Salt loads from irrigation areas
Managing disposal basins for salt storage within irrigation areas
Impacts of land-use changes in non-irrigated catchments on future trends in stream salinity
Forest Hydrology Program
Project A2 Development and evaluation of predictive tools for water productivity of natural and disturbed forest catchments
A5 Sustainable hardwood production in shallow water table areas
FOl Sediment sources and movement in forestry environments
F02 Impacts of forest management and plantation establishment on water yield Waterway Management Program
Project Bl Controlling the delivery of sediments and nutrients in water supply B2 Factors controlling river channel and gully stability
B4 Rehabilitation and management of riparian lands: erosion, sediment and nutrients Wl Controlling sediment and nutrient delivery from hill slopes to streams
w2 Stream restoration
w3 Rehabilitation and management of riparian lands: sediment, nutrients and erosion
Urban Hydrology Program
Project Cl Pollution loads from urban catchments
c2 Design and management procedures for urban waterways and detention basins Ul Gross pollutant management and urban pollution control ponds
u2 Pollutant sources, movement and modelling in urban areas Flood Hydrology Program
Project Dl Improved loss modelling for design flood estimation and flood forecasting D2 Regionalization and scaling of hydrologic data
D3 Probability and risk of extreme floods
D4 Development of a real-time flood forecasting model
FL1 Holistic approach to rainfall-based design flood estimation
FL2 Spatial distribution of rainfall and storm movement using remote sensing FL3 Hydraulic derivation of stream rating curves
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1.1.3 Decisions regarding contributions to/participation in IHP-V Nothing to report.
1.2 Activities at a national level in the framework of the IHP 1.2.1 National/local scientific and technical meetings
The 24th Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium was held in Auckland, New Zealand from 24-28 November 1997. Its theme was the interaction between land and water processes - the sustainable environment. Over 200 delegates attended the conference and workshop sessions which encompassed all facets of hydrology.
A number of meetings of the National Committee on Water Engineering, Institution of Engineer’s have been held. Some of the key purposes of these meetings are to co-ordinate and organize hydrology and water resources symposia and conferences, to co-ordinate revisions to the publication Australian Rainfall and Runoff, prepare summary documents on key hydrological issues and to
manage the publication of the Australian .Journal of Water Resources.
1.2.2 Participation in IHP Steering Committees/Working Groups
Australian experts were nominated for a number of IHP-V Steering Committees/Working Groups. as follows:
Nominee 1 Project No 1 Title
Dr Tom Hatton 1 2.1 1 Vegetation, land use and erosion processes Dr Terry Hillman 2.4 Comprehensive assessment of surficial eco-
hydrological processes Dr Val Snow
Dr Munna Sharma
I
1 3.3 3.5
I
Role of unsaturated zone processes in groundwater supply quality
Agriculture threats to groundwater resources Dr Ian Cordery
I I -
1 5.4 1 Coping with water scarcity
Dr David Lamb 6.1 Hydrological processes and water management
in the humid tropics environment and other warm humid regions
Dr Bob Wasson 6.2 Land use, deforestation, erosion and
sedimentation in the humid tropics
Mr Peter Martin ) 8.4 1 Public awareness issues related to hydrology A summary of activities to date are listed below:
Project 2.1 Vegetation, land use and erosion processes
To date there has not been much progress as the working group has not been able to meet. Dr Hatton has attempted to co-ordinate Australian input to the project and has sought clarification on some issues from UNESCO headquarters.
Project 2.4 Comprehensive assessment of surficial eco-hydrological processes
The original Australian representative on this working group, Dy Terry Hillman, and another Australian who has recently joined the working group, Ms Anne Jensen, prepared a position paper on Australian activities and summary of four proposed projects as a contribution towards this Project.
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The paper “Ecohydrology in Australasia” was presented by Anne Jensen at the UNESCO/UNDP Workshop on Ecohydrology held in Lodz, Poland from 20-24 May 1998.
Project 3.3 Role of unsaturated zone processes in groundwater supply quality
The Project 3.3 working group has had so far one meeting. Over three days they drafted an outline of a technical document on the topic of the working group. During this time they identified gaps in the expertise of the working group and as a result several other people have been nominated to assist in writing the document. These include Dr Ravi Naidu and Dr Santo Ragusa both from CSIRO (Land and Water, Adelaide). At this stage approximately one quarter of the document has been drafted for the proposed technical document on this wide ranging subject. There is a possible second meeting of the Working Group in China in July.
Project 3.5 Agriculture Threats to Groundwater Resources No activities reported on
Project 5.4 Coping with water scarcity No activities reported on.
Project 6.1 Hydrological processes and water management in the humid tropics environment and other warm humid regions
The main activity was a workshop in late January 1997 at Kuranda in north Queensland on methods of rehabilitating degraded tropical forest lands. Around 80 participants attended including representatives from Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam.
The workshop was sponsored by UNESCO and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and organized by the Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management. The workshop was primarily concerned with methods of re-establishing vegetative cover and restoring biodiversity but was concerned also with some of the hydrological influences and consequences of such revegetation. It included sessions on using digital terrain models to locate plantations and find preferred sites for particular species as well as discussions on water use and hydrological impacts. Dr Mike Bone11 from UNESCO headquarters was one of the key participants.
Papers from the workshop are to be published in a special issue of the Journal of Tropical Forest Science and there are plans to also publish a report in a MAB Digest. Dr Lamb will be attending a meeting of the working group at the end of June 1998. Planning is underway for a major meeting in Malaysia in the year 2000 which will primarily be organized by the International Union for Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO).
Project 6.2 Land use, deforestation, erosion and sedimentation in the humid tropics
To date there has not been much progress. There have been no Working Group meetings. Dr Wasson is unable to attend the forthcoming conference on this subject (IAHS Conference on Descriptive Qualitative & Quantitative Approaches in soil erosion & sediment transport, Vienna, July 1998). He has been working on a project of relevance to this topic in the humid tropical area of far north
Queensland. “Project Herbert’ is researching the movement of sediments from tropical coastal areas and upland semi-arid areas into the Hinchinbrook Channel.
Mr Peter Martin Project 8.4 Public Awareness issues related to Hydrology
There is no activity to report. The Working Group has not met due to lack of funding. During IHP-IV, Mr Peter Martin drafted a communications strategy for the IHP. The previous two Intergovernmental
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Council meetings have ratified the communications strategy (for example refer to Resolution XII-l) yet it appears that progress on this aspect has not occurred. Refer also to section 1.2.5.
In addition to the above projects, for which Australian experts are involved, Australia has an involvement in Project 5.1, Hydrological processes in arid and semi-arid zones. Australia has agreed to provide case studies to a Guidebook to be published by UNESCO-IHP on the scientific basis on which assessment and management of water resources in arid and semi-arid zones is made. We are awaiting further details from UNESCO Paris on style and content. Australia has also contributed to Project 6.1 through the writing of two recent IHP-V Technical Documents in Hydrology (Nos. 5 & 6) as reported below.
1.2.3 Research/applied projects supported or sponsored
Two applied research projects are nearing completion in the Pacific Islands. The first is a study of recharge to a fresh groundwater-lens on the island of Bonriki, Tarawa atoll, Republic of Kiribati and the second is a study of groundwater pollution in a village on the island of Lifuka in the Kingdom of Tonga. These are the first applied hydrology projects undertaken in the Pacific Islands and were given seed funding by UNESCO-IHP following a resolution supporting these projects at the 1 lth IHP-IC meeting.
For the recharge project, Prof. Ian White, Water Research Foundation of Australia, and formerly of CSIRO, Canberra, Australia is the main consultant for UNESCO, with assistance from Mr Tony Falkland, ACTEW, Canberra. Counterpart staff from the local Ministry of Works and Energy (Mr Taboia Metutera, Mrs Baranika Kamaie and Mr Eita Metai) have greatly assisted with the project. Dr Leonie Crennan, of Ecological Sanitation, co-ordinated social science aspects of the study with local counterparts. The South Pacific Applied Geoscience Commission (SOPAC) assisted in the early stages of the project with equipment procurement under a UNESCO contract and provided funds to enable additional Pacific Island personnel to attend the first phase of field work. The Australian IHP contributed financially to this project through the purchase of some equipment and computer software. The Government of Kiribati, the Water Research Foundation of Australia and ACTEW Corporation have provided additional support.
A literature survey and preliminary report “Fresh groundwater lens recharge, Bonriki, Kiribati”, was written by Ian White and published as IHP-V Technical Document in Hydrology No. 5. Subsequently, a preliminary report of the technical aspects and results of the project to mid 1997 was written and presented at two major regional scientific meetings: the 8th Pacific Science Inter-Congress, Fiji, July 1997 and the SOPAC Annual Session, Fiji, September 1997. The social science component of the project was presented at the Pacific Science Inter-Congress and published in a report entitled ‘Water Resource Conflicts in Tarawa’ through the UNESCO Office for the Pacific, APIA, Samoa. It received additional funding from UNESCO’s Coastal CSI project (Environment and development in coastal regions and in small islands). A final report on the first phase of the project is due in early 1999. It is envisaged that the project should be widened to further investigate recharge and groundwater flow within the selected freshwater lens.
The second project is investigating groundwater flow and pollution with the aim of developing more appropriate guidelines for the spacing of latrines and groundwater wells for Pacific Island communities. A literature survey was conducted by Dr Peter Dillon, CSIRO which was published as IHP-V Technical Document in Hydrology No. 6 (“Groundwater Pollution by Sanitation on Tropical Islands”). The initial phase of groundwater field work was conducted by a consultant Mr Lindsay Furness of Douglas Partners, Brisbane, assisted by local counterparts, primarily Mr Tevita Fatai and Ms Bellatrix Tapealava who were co-ordinated through Mr Saimone Helu, Manager, Tonga Water Board. The social science component of the project was again co-ordinated by Dr Leonie Crennan of Ecological Sanitation. An initial report was written after a rather inconclusive first phase of field work. Following some further funding from the Commonwealth Science Council, some of the initial physical and additional biological monitoring was repeated. This work was conducted by three local 6
counterparts, with assistance from Dr Leonie Crennan, the social science consultant. To avoid vandalism, some of the dye-tracing experiments were conducted in the grounds of the school. This was another opportunity to educate the community about groundwater and how it can be polluted.
In both projects, emphasis has been placed on training of local counterparts and community education and awareness in addition to the traditional physical science aspects
A further project “Catchments and Communities” dealing with hydrological and environmental issues as a result of catchment changes (e.g. deforestation) and impacts on affected communities on a “high island” is still in a planning phase. A number of meetings have been held to refine the original project plan but as yet site selection and funding issues are still to be resolved.
At the UNESCO-IHP Water Resources Workshop held in Fiji in conjunction with the Pacific Science Inter-Congress, .July 1997, a number of further applied research projects were identified. Support was primarily given to the original three projects. A full list of the supported projects is given below:
l Catchment and communities (planning phase)
l Groundwater recharge and modelling (implementation phase)
l Groundwater pollution due to sanitation systems (implementation phase)
l Groundwater and surface pollution due to chemicals (e.g. industry)
l Appropriate groundwater extraction systems 9 Rainwater catchment study
l Integrated island water resources study
1.2.4 Collaboration with other national and international organizations/programmes
Internationally developed guidelines on water resources assessment were published by UNESCO and WMO in 1988, in the form of the document Water-Resource Assessment Activities, Handbook for National Evaluation (the English version was issued in 1988 and the French and Spanish versions in
1993). It was proposed that the use of this guidance could lead to a certain degree of uniformity in approach between countries, something that would be very helpful in the development of regional and international co-operation with regard to water resource assessment. Since this time the methodology has been applied extensively, in particular in Latin American and African countries.
The recent developments in water resources assessment and management, in particular following the International Conference on Water and Environment and UNCED, have resulted in the need to review and revise the existing publication and in particular to make it a more user friendly handbook. In July 1995, UNESCO and WMO established a group of experts charged with the responsibility of revising the UNESCO/WMO Water Resources Assessment - Handbook for review of national capabilities.
Mr Bruce Stewart of Australia is a member of this group of experts. The update was also been requested as supporting background material to the activities on the Global Water Resources Assessment being undertaken in response to a request by the UN Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD). As one of Australia’s members of the WMO Commission for Hydrology, Mr Stewart provides a link between the UNESCO IHP and WMO’s Operational Hydrology Programme. As part of this process, the methodology has been revised and updated on the basis of applications of the old methodology and increased hydrological knowledge and associated reference material. The draft revised handbook was sent to a number of WMO and UNESCO member countries in June 1996 seeking review comments by mid-August 1996. The Handbook was published in June 1997.
1.2.5 Other initiatives
Australia contributed details on two river systems (the Todd and East Finniss Rivers in the Northern Territory) for inclusion in the Catalogue of Rivers for Southeast Asia and the Pacific - Volume 2,
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published by the UNESCO-IHP Regional Steering Committee for Southeast Asia and the Pacific, December 1997.
Mr Peter Martin, CSIRO, has recently produced a draft communication brochure on IHP activities in Australia which will be published for distribution and dissemination, particularly at water related conferences in Australia and the region.
1.3 Educational and training courses 1.3.1 Contribution to IHP courses
Professor Ray Volker, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Queensland, lectured on hydrological and hydrogeological aspects of groundwater at a computer aided training workshop on Groundwater Contamination held in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 17-25 April 1997. This workshop was organized by the Jakarta Office of UNESCO and the German National Committee for the IHP.
Professor Volker’s input included lectures, tutorials, and computer modelling sessions on groundwater hydrology and systems analysis, fundamentals of groundwater flow and aquifer hydraulics, and groundwater modelling.
Tony Falkland and Trevor Daniel1 also attended the Workshop on Local Scale Hydrological Processes in Island, Highlands and Urban Environments in Malaysia: Needs for Future Directions, inaugural meeting, signing and launching of the Center for Humid Tropics Hydrology and Water Resources for Southeast Asia and the Pacific in Kuala Lumpur and Penang Island, Malaysia, 12- 17 November 1997.
Tony Falkland made a presentation on “Research in Humid Tropics Island Hydrology: Current Knowledge and Future Directions” Trevor Daniel1 presented a paper on “Determination of Urban Runoff Pollutant Load - Both Quality and Quantity of Flow are Important”.
Tony Falkland presented a keynote paper (Water Resources Assessment, Development and Management for Small Tropical Islands) at a Training Workshop on Hydrology of Small Islands in Hanoi, Vietnam in early April 1998. This workshop was organized by the Vietnam IHP and other Vietnam organizations and was held at the Hanoi Hydrometeorological College. A field trip to Cat Ba Island near Haiphong was part of the workshop. Approximately 25 participants attended the workshop.
1.3.2 Organization of Specific Courses No activities.
1.3.3 Participation in IHP courses
A number of international students attended the UNESCO accredited post graduate courses in hydrology and water resources at the following universities/institutions:
l Joint Universities Masters Program (JUMP), Adelaide, South Australia
l Monash University, Department of Civil Engineering, Victoria
Currently there are 13 equivalent full-time students including 8 international students enrolled in the JUMP course.
1.4 Publications
In addition to the CRC for Catchment Hydrology publications provided directly to the UNESCO Secretariat, the following publications have been produced or contributed to:
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Report on the IHP Twelfth Session of the Intergovernmental Council, Paris, 23-28 September 1996, B.J Stewart, A.C. Falkland and TM. Daniell, October 1996. ‘.
Contribution to the Catalogue of Rivers for Southeast Asia and the Pacific - Volume 2, Jayawardena and Takeuchi, The UNESCO-IHP Regional Steering Committee for Southeast Asia and the Pacific, December 1997.
Fresh groundwater lens recharge, Bonriki, Kiribati, Preliminary Report, Ian White, UNESCO, IHP-V Project 6- 1, UNESCO, Paris, 1996.
Groundwater pollution by sanitation on tropical islands. Peter Dillon, UNESCO IHP, IHP-V Technical Documents in Hydrology, No. 6, UNESCO, Paris, 1997.
Fresh Groundwater Lens Recharge Study, Travel and work diary, Visit to Fiji and Field Work in Kiribati, 3-18 November 1996, Ian White, UNESCO-IHP/SOPAC Project.
Groundwater recharge in low coral islands: results of the UNESCO-SOPAC study on Tarawa atoll, Kiribati, Ian White, Tony Falkland, Baranika Kamaie, Eita Metai, Taboia Met&era and Leonie Crennan, STAR presentations, SOPAC Annual Session, Fiji, September 1997.
Determination of Urban Runoff Pollutant Loads - Both Quality and Quantity of Flow are Important.
Trevor Daniell. Workshop on Local Scale Hydrological Processes and Urban Areas in Malaysia, 12- 14 November 1997, sponsored by the Government of Malaysia and UNESCO.
Research in Humid Tropics Island Hydrology: Current Knowledge and Future Directions. Tony Falkland. Workshop on Local Scale Hydrological Processes and Urban Areas in Malaysia, 12-14 November 1997, sponsored by the Government of Malaysia and UNESCO.
Water Management in the Mekong Delta; Changes, Conflicts and Opportunities, Ian White, report _ prepared for IHP Secretariat, December 1997.
Australian Report on IHP activities to the 5th Meeting of the IHP Regional Steering Committee for Southeast Asia and the Pacific, Nong Khai, Thailand, 16-l 9 December 1997, Bruce Stewart and Ross James.
Water Resources Assessment, Development and Management for Small Tropical Islands, Tony Falkland, Training Workshop on Hydrology of Small Islands, Hanoi, Vietnam, April 1998.
Selected other national publications which have a strong hydrological and water resources management interest, but which are not specifically Australian IHP publications, are:
l Australian Journal of Water Resources, which is edited and published by the National Committee on Water Engineering, Institution of Engineer’s Australia. This publication was commenced in 1995 and 3 volumes were published in the period to 1997.
. Water, the journal of the Australian Water and Wastewater Association is published 6 times per year.
Each of the Cooperative Research Centres listed earlier have many publications each year and lists of these can be found on their web sites
1.5 Participation in international scientific meetings 1.5.1 Meetings hosted by Country
A Workshop at Kuranda in north Queensland on methods of rehabilitating degraded tropical forest lands was held in late January 1997 (refer to section 1.2.2).
Australia hosted a group of Japanese researchers in March 1998 to discuss Australian Hydrology and to initiate the Asian Pacific FRIEND activities. Inspections of both the Pioneer Catchment in Queensland and the Healesville catchments in Victoria were organized.
1.5.2 Participation in meetings abroad
The UNESCO IHP International Symposium on Comparative Research on Hydrology and Water Resources was held in Yogyakarta, 18-22 November 1996. The symposium was attended by 9
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approximately 40 participants from over 12 countries, predominantly from Southeast Asia. Australia was represented by Trevor Daniel1 and Ross James. The 4th UNESCO-IHP Regional Steering Committee was held in Yogyakarta, 21-22 November 1996 at which Trevor Daniel1 was elected rapporteur.
Tony Falkland and. Professor Ian White attended UNESCO-IHP Water Resources Workshop, Mr Tony Falkland attended the UNESCO Water Resources Workshop, USP Suva, 18-22 July 1997.
The status of the Pacific Islands applied research projects was reviewed at this meeting (refer to section 1.2.3).
Trevor Daniel1 attended the Technical Sub-Committee for Asia Pacific FRIEND held on 14 November 1997 and the inaugural Co-ordinating Committee meeting of the Regional Humid Tropics Centre on 15 November. Mr Daniel1 was Rapporteur at both these meetings.
Ross James and Trevor Daniel1 attended the 5th Regional Steering Committee for Southeast Asia and the Pacific and the International Symposium on Hydrology and Water Resources for Research and Development in South East Asia and the Pacific at Nong Khai, Thailand followed by a technical excursion to Nam Ngum, Lao PDR from 16-19 December 1997. Mr James also attended an Asian Pacific FRIEND technical activity from 20-22 December at Mae Nam Nan, Thailand.
1.6 Other activities at a regional level 1.6.1 Institutional relations/co-operation
As part of Asian Pacific FRIEND, cross-institutional discussions between various research groups in Japan, New Zealand, Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia and Australia have occurred. It is hoped these discussions will lead to joint research endeavours in the longer term.
1.6.2 Completed and ongoing scientific projects Refer to section 1.2.3 re ongoing Pacific Island projects.
Professor Ian White visited Vietnam at the request of the IHP Secretariat to assess water management issues in the Mekong Delta in 1997 and produced a paper for the IHP (refer to section 1.4).
2. FUTURE ACTIVITIES
2.1 Activities foreseen until December 1999
The following conference is specifically marked as a contribution to IHP-V:
l Water 99 Congress combining the 25th Hydrology and Water Resources Symposium and the 2nd International Conference on Water Resources and Environment Research, Brisbane, 6-8 July
1999.
Other planned hydrological congresses, symposia and conferences to be held in Australia are:
l HydraStorm ‘98, combining International Conference on Stormwater Management and International Conference on Hydraulics in Civil Engineering, Adelaide, 27-30 September 1998
l 1 lth International Water Services Association, Asia-Pacific Region (IWSA-ASPAC) Regional Conference on Integrating the Urban Water Cycle, l-5 November 1998
0 17th Australian Groundwater School, organized by the Centre for Groundwater Studies and the National Groundwater Committee, 23 November - 4 December 1998.
l 2nd Australian Stream Management Conference, Adelaide, 8- 11 February 1999.
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l 8th International Conference on Urban Storm Drainage (8ICUSD), sponsored by the Joint Committee on Urban Storm Drainage of the IAHR and IAWQ, Sydney, 30 August - 3 September
1999.
It is envisaged that increased activities in the research program of Asian Pacific FRIEND will occur, stemming from the meetings held in Australia and New Zealand in March 1998.
It is further intended that a communication brochure on IHP activities in Australia will be published for distribution and dissemination, particularly at water related conferences. Funding for this was provided by the Australian National Commission for UNESCO.
2.2 Activities Planned for 2000-2001
Continuation of assistance to Pacific Island Projects.
Continuation of involvement in Asian Pacific FRIEND.
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NATIONAL REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF AUSTRIA
Summary Report for 1997
The Austrian National Committee for IHP was already established in 1974 and acts under the auspices of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. The Academy appoints the chairman.
Members of the Austrian National Committee
Chairman: Prof. Dr Helmut Pichler, Institute of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52 A-6020 Innsbruck, phone ++43 5 12 507 5452
Members of the Austrian Academy of Sciences: Prof. Dr Heinz Bergmann Prof. Dr Dieter Gutknecht Prof. Dr Michael Hantel Prof. Dr Michael Kuhn Prof. Dr Heinz LGffler
Prof. Dr Hans Peter Nachtnebel Prof. Dr Franz Nobilis
Prof. Dr Peter Steinhauser Prof. Dr Josef Ziitl
The Ministry for Science and Transport:
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs:
The Ministry for Finances:
The Ministry for Economic Affairs:
Austrian Geological Survey:
Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics:
BVFA-Arsenal:
Austrian Liaison Office:
Mr Dr Wolfgang Reiter Mr Dr Frieda Gollner Mr Mag. Heinz Graser Mr Dr Leopold Weber
Director Prof. Dr H.P. Schonlaub HR Dr Fritz Neuwirth
.OR Dr Peter Hacker OR Dr Hilmar Zetinigg
In 1997 a Meeting of the Austrian National Committee for IHP took place on 2 1 March and 2 1 November.
In 1997 the funding for IHP, provided by the Austrian Ministry for Sciences and Transport, was AS 2,980,000,- = US$ 240,350,-
This funding is entirely used for research projects.
Vienna. June 1998/Dr Schrammel LIST OF PROJECTS:
1) Title and short description:
H&12/97 A regime-type classification for regionalking floodfrequency
The regionalization of floods is significant both in a theoretical context for improving our understanding of the spatial variability of hydrological processes and in a more application oriented context for flood mitigation purposes. This project deals with methods of regionalization of floods for Austrian conditions. Specifically, the aim is to develop catchment groupings based on typical catchment and/or climatic characteristics. We choose the concept of hydrologic regimes to quantify
the overall catchment behaviour in a holistic way. Regimes are unique in their combination of processes while, in a single process, there may be overlap with other regimes. As a starting point, we use the classification of hydrologic regimes according to Kresser (1965) which focuses on the seasonality of mean streamflow. The seasonality of mean streamflow has an important connection with the seasonality of flood behaviour. In the context of regional floods, a more detailed classification is needed. There are two main parts to the project:
(a) Development of a regime type classification in the context of flood behaviour. We use flood data and mean monthly runoff from the standard hydrographic network. A number of catchments are being selected to minimize anthropogenic effects and to maximize record lengths. The statistical characteristics of the data will be plotted spatially and related to catchment characteristics such as vegetation, and a number of topographic parameters such as catchment area, mean altitude, and mean slope.
(b) Examination of the predictive power of the regionalization concepts developed under (a) with a particular emphasis on mountainous areas. Synthetic flood frequency curves will be derived from rainfall, catchment characteristics and the regime-type classification. As a framework, we use derived distribution theory. This framework provides some insight into the important processes controlling flood frequency. The classification to be developed in this project will assist in improved estimates of regional flood frequency.
2) Items 1.2 and 1.3 ad 1.2.3: this project.
3) Publications
Behr, O., Blbschl, G. and Piock-Ellena, U. (1998) A digital database of catchment characteristics for assessing anthropogenic effects on flood processes. Annales Geophysicae. European Geophysical Society. Supplement II to Vol. 16, C507.
4) Items 1.5 and 1.6
. 16 January 1998: Meeting on advances in regional flood frequency at the Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy (Participation: Prof. Blbschl)
. 19-2 1 January 1998: Conference on the Future of Hydrology in Germany, Koblenz, Germany (Participation: Mag. Piock)
l 20-24 April 1998: XXIII General Assembly of the European Geophysical Society (EGS), 1998 in Nice, France (Participation: Prof. BlSschl, Mag. Piock)
l 27-28 April 1998: Workshop on Challenges in the Development of Hydrology - Bratislava, (Participation: Prof. Bliischl)
Project leader:
Prof. Dr G. Blbschl
Institut fur Hydraulik, Gewasser- kunde und Wasserwirtschaft Karlsplatz 13
1040 Wien
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1) Title and short description:
H&14/97 Investigation of the nitrogen balance in agriculture with the 15N-method regarding groundwater protection by P. Cepuder, Universitiit fiir Bodenkultur Wien
The intensification of agriculture within the last decades has caused an increase of the nitrate level in the groundwater above the authorized limit in many valleys and basins in Austria. In the proposed study on the measures to lower the nitrogen input into the groundwater the effect of one nitrogen dose will be observed over a period of two years, through this 15N-project.
With the help of the appliance of 1 SN-labelled nitrogen fertilizer the nitrogen-uptake, immobilization and the seepage out of the root zone could be described. The effect of the fertilizer should also be controlled. The 1 SN-application will take place only in the first year, while the observation procedure of the fertilizer, labelled with a stable isotope, will be carried out over the period of two years. With this method the fertilizer-nitrogen in the soil following harvest and the nitrogen uptake by plants taking into consideration immobilization and mineralization can be determined. The seepage of nitrogen out of the root zone coming from the fertilizer will be measured with suction cups and small lysimeters.
Concerning with the nitrogen seepage, some preliminary work exists and that is why within this project groundwater protective measures and site adapted cultivation measures like the “Richtlinie fur eine sachgerechte Diingung” (4.edition BMLuF 1996) can be used. Because of the determination of the 15N-content in harvested crop, soil and in soil water and seepage water the movement of the fertilizer over the period of two years is readily understood. The investigation of the labelled fertilizer gives good information for fertilizer use by plants and for fertilizer transfer. Therefore, better water management decisions following nitrogen fertilization can be made. For scientific interest the study deals with the time related description of the nitrogen transformation and transport and as a result of it the advanced description of the transport process in the non-saturated soil zone is possible. The benefit for the administration is the decision basis for water management and agricultural-political related planning.
Peasants in the TullnerFeld are informed and advised by the agricultural technical college there.
Publications
Cepuder et al., 1996: The Use of Nuclear Techniques for Optimizing Fertilizer Applications under Irrigated Wheat to Increase the Efficient Use of Fertilizers and Consequently Reduce Environmental Pollution; Joint FAO/IAEA Division, Vienna, Second Research Coordination Meeting El-Batan CIMMYT Center in Mexico City.
Cepuder et al., 1996: Studie ueber Massnahmen zur Senkung des Stickstoffeintrages in das Grundwasser; Endbericht; Institut fuer Hydraulik und landeskulturelle Wasserwirtschaft.
Project leader:
DI P. Cepuder
Institut fur Hydraulik und landes- kulturelle Wasserwirtschaft Nubdorfer Ltinde 11
1190 Wien
1) Title and short description:
H&3/97 Hydrological Functions of Mountainous Forest Ecosystems
The aim of the project was to identify the components of hillslope runoff in micro catchment scale and to assess the impact of the forest vegetation types on the hydrologic response. At two experimental sites in an alpine, forested catchment measurement devices were installed to assess precipitation, interception of canopy and litter layer, stem runoff, infiltration and lateral runoff. Soil physical analysis and measurements of soil moisture and matric head described the soil water characteristics of the above hillslope sections. First analysis of the hydrological data exhibited differences in the runoff response due to ecophysical parameters like biomass or leaf area index of the canopy. Irrigation experiments in the field and in the hydraulic laboratory provided reliable data for the application and calibration of a two-dimensional, physically based numerical model for unsaturated soil moisture modelling. These simulations affirmed the hypothesis of the impact of forest vegetation on the runoff formation process.
1. ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN IN THE PERIOD SEPT. 1996 - MAY 1998
1.2.4. Collaboration with other national and international organizations/programmes Participation in the technical meeting of FRIEND (Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data) Project Group 5 (Physical Processes of Runoff Formation on a small Catchment Scale).
1.4 Publications: reports, papers and theses
Hager, H., Holzmann, H. (1996): Hydrological Functions of Mountainous Forest Ecosystems. 2.
Annual Report to the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Wien (in German).
Hager, H., Holzmann, H. (1997): Hydrological Functions of Mountainous Forest Ecosystems. Final Report to the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Wien (in German).
Holzmann H. (1996): Measurement and Modelling of Hillslope Runoff Processes and the Impact of Forest Vegetation. Lecture Notes of Tempus Workshop on measurement of environmental parameters. Poznan, 1996.
Holzmann, H. & N. Sereinig (1997): In situ measurements of hillslope runoff components with different types of forest vegetation. In FRIEND ‘97 - Regional Hydrology: Concepts and Models for Sustainable Water Resource Management (Proceedings of the Postojna, Slovenia, Conference).
IAHS Publ. No. 246.
Holzmann, H. & N. Sereinig (1997): Measurement of lateral runoff and of soil moisture balances in forested hillslopes. Beitrag zur 7. Gumpensteiner Lysimetertagung, BAL Gumpenstein. (in German).
Holzmann, H., H. Hager,. N. Sereinig, H.P. Nachtnebel (1997): The impact of different forest vegetation on the runoff response. Conference proceedings of the symposium on Risk assessment of torrent and avalanches. BMLF / BOKU, Wien (in German).
Holzmann, H., H.P. Nachtnebel, N. Sereinig (1997): Small scale modelling of runoff components in an Alpine environment. In Hydrology, Water Resources and Ecology in Headwaters. (Proceedings of the HeadWater ‘98 conference in Meran). IAHS Publ. No. 248.
Holzmann, H., N. Sereinig, H.P. Nachtnebel (1997): Physical and numerical modelling of water transport and soil moisture redistribution for layered slopes. In Extended Abstracts of the intern.
Symposium on soil system behaviour in time and space. Mitteilung der ijsterreichischen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, Heft 55.
Holzmann, H., N. Sereinig, W. Pock1 (1997): Irrigation experiment for analysing process behaviour of hillslope runoff in forested stands. ijsterr. Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, Vol. 9110. Springer, Wien (in German).
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Kovar, W.: In situ measurement of hillslope runoff components. Masters thesis at the Univ. of Agricultural Sciences Vienna (in preparation) (in German).
Luef S., 1997: Interception of litter layer at spruce and beech stands. Interzeption der Streuschicht von Fichte und Buche. Masters thesis at the Univ. of Agricultural Sciences Vienna (in German).
Osenberg M.: Root distributions of mountainous spruce and mixed forests. Masters thesis at the Univ.
of Agricultural Sciences Vienna (in German).
Pock], W.: Regionalization of the runoff formation process emphasising the impact of forest vegetation. Masters thesis at the Univ. of Agricultural Sciences Vienna (in preparation) (in German).
Rom, S.: Measurement of hillslope runoff components in the hydraulic laboratory. Masters thesis at the Univ. of Agricultural Sciences Vienna (in preparation) (in German).
Sereinig, N.: Soil moisture balance and hillslope runoff of alpine forest ecosystems. Doctoral thesis at the Univ. of Agricultural Sciences Vienna (in preparation) (in German).
Stephan, B.: A real runoff formation in a small catchment emphasising different vegetation cover.
Masters thesis at the Univ. of Agricultural Sciences Vienna (in preparation) (in German).
1.5 Participation in international scientific meetings 1.5.1 Meetings hosted by Austria
Hager, H.: 12-13 June 1997: Wels, 0.0.: Forest and Water. Oral presentation at the Bundeskammer der Architekten und lngenieurkonsulenten. Bundesfachgruppe Bodenkultur.
Hager, H: Hydrological Functions of alpine forest ecosystems. Oral presentation at the Austrian Society of Hydrology. Nov. 1997.
Holzmann, H.: Assessment of lateral runoff and soil moisture balance at forested hillslopes. Oral presentation at the 7th Gumpensteiner Lysimetertagung. April 1997.
Holzmann, H: Physical and numerical modelling of water transport and soil moisture redistribution for layered slopes. Oral presentation at the Intern. Symposium on soil system behaviour in time and space, Nov. 1997. BOKU, Wien.
Holzmann, H: Hydrological Functions of alpine forest ecosystems. Oral presentation at the Austrian Society of Hydrology. Nov. 1997.
1.5.2 Participation in meetings abroad
Hager, H., Pichler, M. & Luef, S.: “Biomass distribution and rainfall interception in two alpine forest stands” Oral Presentation at HeadWater ‘98 conference, 20-23. April 1998, Meran.
Holzmann, H., Hager, H., Sereinig, N. & Pichler, M.: Assessment of hillslope runoff processes in micro catchment scale focused on forest vegetation impact. Extended abstract to the HeadWater
‘98 conference in Meran, April 1998 (poster presentation).
Holzmann, H.: In situ measurements of hillslope runoff components with different types of forest vegetation. Oral presentation at the FRIEND’97 Meeting in Postojna, Slovenia, October 1997.
Holzmann, H: Small scale modelling of runoff components in an Alpine environment. Oral presentation at the HeadWater ‘98 conference in Meran, April 1998.
1.6. Other activities at a regional level 1.6.1. Institutional relations/co-operation
Continuation of the activities of the FRIEND Project Group 5 in the framework of Cutchment Hydrological and Biogeochemical processes in a changing environment.
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Project leader:
Prof. Dr Herbert Hager
Institut Waldiikologie der Univ. f. Bodenkultur Peter Jordan StraBe 82
1190 Wien
1) Title and short description
Ho-7 Demands on the data basis in the case of valuation of extensive groundwater recharge and the percolation of nitrogen.
The quality of groundwater is influenced by different pollutants. The pollution with nitrate is often caused by farming. The valuation of the nonpoint pollution is often done by simulation.
For the Marchfeld, in Lower Austria, which is an area with a high intensity of agricultural land use and also with a high nitrate concentration in the groundwater, the percolation of water and nitrate shall be judged by SIMWASER concerning the soil water dynamic and by STOTRASIM concerning the nitrate transport. The input data must be derived via transfer functions from extensive information (soil maps, meteorological service, agrostatistics).
In comparison with measurements from certain field experiments, where the amount of groundwater recharge and of nitrate losses is known, the sensitivity of the simulated results will be shown depending on the input data, which are derived via transfer functions.
Finally the groundwater recharge and the nitrate losses will be calculated for the agricultural used soils at the Marchfeld by using the transfer functions. At the end the obtainable precision of the results will be classified depending on the quality of the input data.
2) Items 1.2 and 1.3 ad 1.3.2.
Workshop “The intention to link a model for the unsaturated zone with a groundwater-model for the western part of the Leibnitzer Feld, Styria, Austria” organized by Institut ftir Kulturtechnik und Bodenwasserhaushalt, A-3252 Petzenkirchen, and Institut ftir Hydrogeologie und Geothermie, Joanneum Research, A-8010 Graz, Austria
3) Publications (Sept. 1996 - May 1998); diese sind zwar nicht im Rahmen des Projektes erfolgt, haben jedoch Bezug zum Inhalt des Projektes
Feichinger, F. & Hartl, G., 1997: Nutrient losses to the groundwater as influenced by organic fertilization compared to mineral fertilization; experimental outlines. Poster at the 1 lth World Fertilizer Congress of CIEC Fertilization for Sustainable Plant Production and Soil Fertility, Gent, Sept. 1997 (E).
Feichtinger, F., 1996: Simulation of the soil water balance and nitrogen dynamic by STOTRASIM for irrigated maize. Proceedings to the ICID/CIID-Workshop on Crop-Water-Enviromnent Models, Cairo, Egypt, 17 September 1996, S. 150- 162 (E).
Klaghofer, E. & Krenn, A., 1996: The comparison of soil physical data measured in the undisturbed soil profile and in a lysimeter. 6. Lysimetertagung “Lysimeter im Dienste des Grundwasserschutzes”, BAL Gumpenstein, 16- 17 April 1996, S. 37-40 (G).
Klaghofer, E., 1997: Pollution of Groundwater by Nitrate - Simulation and Regionalization. Poster at the 9th International Symposium “Environmental Pollution and its Impact on Life in the Mediterranean”, Sorrent, Italy (E).
Murer, E. & Brandstetter, S., 1996: Groundwater remediation pilot projects in Upper Austria.
Sonderausgabe der Zeitschrift “Fijrderungsdienst”, BMLF, Wien (G).
Murer, E., 1997: Leaching of nitrate in the pilot project on groundwater sanitation “Obere Pettenbachrinne, 00.“. Bericht tiber die 7. Gumpensteiner Lysimetertagung, BAL Gumpenstein, 7-9 April 1997, S. 121-124 (G).
Proceedings to the Workshop “The intention to link a mode1 for the unsaturated zone with a groundwater-model for the western part of the Leibnitzer Feld, Styria, Austria”, 1998 (in preparation).
Stenitzer, E. & Miiller, U., 1996: SIMWASER - a numerical model for simulation of soil moisture regimes and of crop yields - 4. version. Arbeitshefte Boden, H. 1, S. 3-28, Niedersachsisches Landesamt Hannover (G).
Stenitzer, E., 1997: Assessment of deep percolation into a gravelly Aquifer: Simulation and experimental verification. International Symposium “Soil system behaviour in time and space”, November 1997, Mitt. der GBG, H. 55, S. 125-132, Wien (E).
(E = English / G = German) Project leader:
Doz. Dr. E. Klaghofer
Bundesamt fur Wasserwirtschaft Institut fir Kulturtechnik und Bodenwasserhaushalt
3252 Petzenkirchen
1) Title and short description
Hii- 7/9 7 Investigation of soil erodibilities to describe erosion processes in interrill areas
To develop and/or improve process based soil erosion models, we must identify and understand fundamental pathways and processes involved in soil erosion. Objectives of this study are to:
(1) investigate soil properties related to soil erosion, (2) determine interrill erodibilities of Austrian agricultural soils which are used as input data for the WEPP model, and (3) investigate the effect of temporal variability of soil properties on erodibility.
Experiments are carried out under controlled laboratory conditions with simulated rainfall and in the field under natural rainfall. In the lab study three initial soil conditions are investigated: (1) air-dried surface of loose soil which corresponds to seedbed condition, (2) wet and sealed soil surface, and (3) dry and crusted soil surface. For seven soils, ranging in texture from loam to silt clay loam, runoff, sediment yield, splash water, splash sediment, and percolation are measured at 5 min intervals throughout all rainfall events. Simulated rainfall intensities are 20, 40, 60, and 80 mm h-l and durations range from 60 to 120 min. Deionized water is used as rainwater. Investigated slopes are 5, 7.5, 12, and 16.5%.
III the field study, runoff and soil loss from three soils (silt loam and loam) are measured. Effect of seedbed condition and sealed soil surface are compared. Rainfall intensities are measured continuously in 5 min intervals and stored on a data logging system.
Physical and chemical properties of soil and water samples are determined 1.4 Publications
Zartl, A., Klik, A. & Baumer, O.W., 1996. Investigation of Interrill Erodibility for Austrian Soils.
Presented at the 1996 International Meeting, Paper No. 96-2118, ASAE, 2950 Niles Rd., St. Joseph, MI 49085-9659, USA.
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Klik, A. & Truman, C.C., 1997. Rainfall Intensity and Soil Texture Effects on Water, Sediment, and Pesticide Losses. In: San Jose, R. and CA. Brebbia (eds.). Measurements and Modelling in Environmental Pollution. Computational Mechanics Publication, Southampton: 441-450.
Zartl, A., Klik, A., Bruckner, R., Kronberger, R. & Thoma, R., 1997. Effect of Initial Soil Surface Conditions on Interrill Erodibility Under Simulated Rainfall. Presented at the 1997 International Meeting, Paper No. 97-2028, ASAE, 2950 Niles Rd., St. Joseph, MI 49085-9659, USA.
Klik, A., & Zartl, A., 1997. Soil erodibilities calculated by Rusle and Wepp - Comparison of methodology, temporal variability and simulation results. Proc. of the Int. Workshop “Experiences with soil erosion models”, 6-8 October, Prague, Czech Republic.
Masters Theses
Zartl, A., 1996. Bestimmung von Bodenerodierbarkeitskennwerten. Institut fur Hydraulik und landeskulturelle Wasserwirtschaft, Universitat fur Bodenkultur Wien. 152 p.
Stickler, Th., 1996. Laboruntersuchungen des Transportes von unterschiedlichen Pestiziden durch Oberfltichenabflug und Bodenabtrag. Institut fur Hydraulik und landeskulturelle Wasserwirtschaft, Universitat fur Bodenkultur Wien. 196 p.
Bruckner, R., 1997. Laboruntersuchungen zurt Bestimmung des Interrill-Erodierbarkeitskennwertes eines Lehmes (Strengberg, No). Institut fur Hydraulik und landeskulturelle Wasserwirtschaft, Universitat fur Bodenkultur Wien. 98 p.
Kronberger, R., 1997. Laboruntersuchung zur Ermittlung der Interrill Erodierbarkeit eines sandigen Lehmes (Pyhra, No). Institut fur Hydraulik und landeskulturelle Wasserwirtschaft, Universitat fur Bodenkultur Wien. 98 p.
Thoma, R., 1997. Bestimmung des Interrill-Erodierbarkeitskennwertes eines Schluffes (Ried in der Riedmark - 00). Institut fur Hydraulik und landeskulturelle Wasserwirtschaft, Universitat fir Bodenkultur Wien. 132 p.
1.5 .
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Participation in international scientific meetings
Soil and Water Conservation Society (SWCS) Annual Meeting, 7-l I July 1996, Keystone Resort, Colorado.
International Annual ASAE Meeting (American Society of Agricultural Engineers), 14-l 8 July 1996, Phoenix, Arizona.
Intern. Workshop “Soil and Water Conservation Policies: Successes and Failures”. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Prague, 17-20 September 1996.
GCTE Soil Erosion Network Conference “Global Change: Modelling Soil Erosion by Water at the Catchment Scale”, Utrecht, Netherlands, 14-l 8 April 1997.
First Int. Conference on Measurement and Modelling in Environmental Pollution. Madrid, 22-24 April 1997.
Soil and Water Conservation Society (SWCS) Annual Meeting, 22-25 July 1997, Toronto, Canada.
International Annual ASAE Meeting (American Society of Agricultural Engineers), IO- I4 August 1997, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Int. Symposium on Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming, Xi’an, China, l5- 19 September 1997.
Int. Workshop “Experiences with soil erosion models”, Prague, 6-8 October 1997.
Project leader:
Doz.Dr. Andreas Klik
Institut fur Hydraulik und landes- kulturelle Wasserwirtschaft NuBdorfer Lande I I
I 190 Wien
NATIONAL REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN
1. ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN IN THE PERIOD MARCH 1997 - MAY 1998 1.1 Meeting of the IHP National Committee
1.1.1 Decisions regarding the composition of the IHP National Committee.
The Azerbaijan National Committee of UNESCO IHP was founded on I2 February 1997 at Baku State University.
The Committee is composed of 9 scientists from different scientific institutions and universities all over Azerbaijan.
Chairperson: Prof. D. SC. Mammadov Magbet, Baku State University
Academ. Z. Khalilov str., 23 370145 Baku
Vice Chairperson: Rasim Samedov
Secretary: D. SC. Imanov Farda
,‘Baku State University Technical secretary:
Members:
Aytan Poladova
Eltchin Gambarov Ramiz Mamedov Vladlen Aleskerov Mamed Abduyev Hasan Fatullayev 1.1.2 Status of IHP - IV activities
The Committee was established after the plan of IHP-IV had been adopted. Azerbaijan, therefore, took no part in the activities of this phase.
1.1.3 Decisions regarding contribution to/participation in IHP-V
Participation in IHP-V will be discussed and decided upon during and after the IHP Intergovernmental Council in Paris.
1.2 Activities at a national level in the framework of the IHP 1.2.1 National/local scientific and technical meetings.
Monthly Hydrological Workshop has been organized where new scientific results of leading national hydrologists are discussed.
1.2.2 Participation in IHP Steering Committees/Working Groups
The representatives of the Azerbaijan IHP Committees until now were not included in IHP Steering Committees and / or Working Groups.
,
1.2.3 Research/applied projects supported or sponsored
1.2.4 Collaboration with other national and international organizations/programmes
The scientists of the Baku State University and Institute of Hydrometeorology took part in the activities of the WMO Global Climate-Change Programme, which is conducted by the Azerbaijan Department of Hydrometeorology.
1.2.5 Other initiatives
In celebrating the World Water Day, the Azerbaijan IHP jointly with the Azerbaijan Department of Hydrometeorology have organized various activities.
1.3 Educational and training courses 1.3.1 Contribution to IHP courses None.
1.3.2 Organization of specific courses None.
1.3.3 Participation in IHP courses None.
1.4 Publications
Azerbaijan hydrologists publish a number of papers in both local and international periodicals.
1.5 Participation in international scientific meetings
1.5.1 Meetings hosted by the country IHP National Committee Members actively participate in meetings held in Azerbaijan.
1.5.2 Participation in meetings abroad
(i) Prof. M. Mammadov took part in several events organized by UNESCO in 1997.
(ii) Committee member D. SC. R. Mammadov attended a conference held in Iran.
(ii) D. SC. F. Imanov attended a conference held in Russia.
1.6 Other activities at a regional level 1.6.1 Institutional relations/co-operation
We have relations with the relevant institutes of the former Soviet Union Republics.
1.6.2 Completed and ongoing scientific projects None.
2. FUTURE ACTIVITIES
2.1 Activities foreseen until December 1999
Azerbaijan IHP Committee will be organising workshop in connection with the celebration of the 25th anniversary of the Hydrometeorological chair of Baku State University.
2.2
[ii) 2.3 (0 (ii)
Activities planned for 2000-2001
We will prepare and publish the joint monograph on “Hydrography of Azerbaijan”.
We will organize first regional scientific IHP conference.
Activities envisaged in the long term Some new projects will be undertaken
Regional co-operation with the Kura countries in the area of hydrology, water management and water protection will be organized.
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