Cement based industry in the Central African sub - region : development prospects 1963 - 1980

25 June 1969

Originals EKTGLISH

ECCTOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA

CEMOTV-BASED JDUSTRY DT THE CEFTRAL AFRICM SUB-REGIQffi

DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS 1963-I98O

TABIS OF 1.

2.

3.

4-

5.

6.

7.

Introduction ^

Industry description . Consumption of cement .

Ezisting cement products plants . ,

Estimation of demand

_{w • • • •}

Proposed programme for the establishment of new plant capacities . , . .

2

4 5 5

8

II

ttTTr f gf8s+floor,a^a of housing and building construction

and of construction element demand in 197O9 1975 and I98O Input^output structure by country of the cement-based industry

M69-I733

1. Introduction

'building-materials? in the present paper? cover a selec tion of the most used and therefore most important building materials of

the concrete family* They, include concrete blocks for mlls,3w.cement and

granno'"tile's for floors"s concrete tiles for roofs9 concrete slabs for

.roofs and cement-based tubes- and pipe.s, .. ... ... ..,.'.- .-. ..i, For a contractor in Africa? who intends.to build a house of better

durability than what traditional building materials in i'he country can

offerj concrete -products.come in as a convenient choice. They make- it possible for him to utilise a cheap and durable building material that does m>% required skilled labour. And for a relatively small investment he ■'can-himself produce his blocks or tubes right on the._building, site., '

wa' factor "fi^a^ is of high importance in many African countriesj because of

insufficient transport facilities. '■ ■.■; ■ -.,-■-. "_"...'. '...'. '!.■:-_: ■:.-...- ■'■:.:-:■.

<pq^7s^. statistical information;available in the Central

African sub-region Has'not been sufficiently detailed in respect of con

struction activities and consumption of building materials. It has there fore been necessary, to, build- our estimate of future demand and to some

extent, also present demands nn statistical data of a relatively global natures*such as mao^o-economio data (GDP and GDFCF in building.and .

constructdon)s number of dwellings constructed during the last few years?

and consumption o'f other building materials? especially cement.

Projecfeions 'of some of these major indicators are presented in the following- three tables. ■-

Table :1 : GDP per capita

Cameroon

Central African- Chad

Congo (Brazza.) Congo (Dem. Rep»

Gabon UDEAC Sub^region

■ ■■ ■

■/■ Date

.,. ...

in Central Africa

of . independence Rep,-17.8*

U.i,

11.7.

. . 17.8.

) 30.6.

17-8, I960 19-60- I960 I960 I960 I960

,GDP per capita, in

1963 •

125108

64

15478 413 120

■;■■■ 96

I97O 160

■ - 152 .

: 89-

223 ■

571 .98

161 124

1975 193 192 122

271

113 707

194 348

USf ■ y ■■

1280

233

243 158 . :,332

873

131 246

: 178

Ave ra ge annua1 rate of growth

■ .* "

■-.-'I .3,7;.

■ "" 4^9

. ■ 5,5 .

-■;■■- . ■: 4.6 3.1

■■■■ ;■• 4.5 . ■

"■ ":4.3 ".: '. -

■ 3.7

r~

Page 2

Table 2 i Population in thousands

1965

1970 1975

19-80

Cameroon ■ ■ ' - ■ "' Central African Rep..

Chad V

Average annual rate of growth

- V*. ■

5,860

Congo (pern. Rep.)

Gabon -.."■■

UDEAC ■ ■■; ■ .■■''■■

Sub-region.

33349

^840

. ' 465 11*299

3,611

■17,515 ■923

502 12,412 29,927

6,524 1,660

3,893

■■■1,004' 19?630 13,642;543- 33?272

T??34

1,840 M/109

22,037

588

37,001

2.1 2.1 9 e.3:1.6..

1.9

Table 3 s Investment in construction (in. million

.1970

"(13 ■

•H" ■

<D -H

■H rH CQ -t-t 0) 3

■rH

■■sv

■H₀₃

■H &fl

© -h r iH H -HO pi

1

Qp O (1) r-t -Ho

■H i-H

■H 2O ft

Cameroon

Central African Rep.

Chad ■

Congo (Braaza,.) Congo (Dem. Rep.)

.Gabon

UIEAC /■',., ■ ■.

Sub-region

9

11 a- 52 10 ■

5 7 32-

■5

6

10

7

•-7

44

■H r-t -H 00

0) -H

O O

03

o

45

25 15.

11 73 16 112 I85

28 . 9

15 -7

4510 (39"

114 39 .13 '22

-.63 9 ' 15 ■ 98

161

M 5©■ 3

fl 3 o

■H fH

71

"24 31 16 I69 13 324

44 '. .14 19 10 105 8 20095

61

?2j0:

27 14 147 11 133280

2. ' Industry description The terminology used is,

Cement products t.

Concrete products;

Asbestos cements

,Cement-bound prefabricated building- materials.

Prefabricated building materials made of sand?.

grawl, water with not more than 50 per cent

cement by weight*

Building materials made of asbestos fibres and

including more than 80 per cent'cement.

^^ ifisteawMasiiMgaaBi^^^^

Page 3

.<'■'■: ■ As the. tBree.principal Items in' the, production of concrete' "building materials are concrete blocks, concrete tiles and concrete pipes, their manufacturing process is briefly described,

(a) Concrete blocks

■'"■ ■- Small .producers of concrete blocks use hand-operated machinery

"■-■■'■■■■ -for'the.-'process of -mixing, filling into' moulds and pressing?

■■■■•■;- whereas 'large establishments use mechanical equipment. The , blocks are ijios^tly hallow blocks of the sizes 20 x 20 x 40 era

or 10 x-2O'x'4:0 cnij,

■ The'ir advantages ares ' -. ;. " ■■ ' ■ ■ ' ■ ' " '

(i) . Setter isolation than natural stone j"""1

(ii) Easier to handle than natural stones . . ;. -.■ .:.■„"..-. •'

(iil) Cheaper than clay bricks, , .-.,.,-.

(b) ;; Concrete tiles '" ■ ■ ' ■ ""

---■ ; ■■■ The"^materials required ares sand, gravely marble? cement

■ "::--- (-#rey and white)-, some colours and water, . ■ :. ' _..";': ■.-.,..'..'

The machinery required iss mouldss vibrating table9 press.,

■■ ; tile grinding and polishing machines and sometimes also a 'stone

■i':- -■■■ ' ■ crusher'." ' .'■■ ■ ■ ■■ ■" ■ - - ; / " ■' : " ' ■""

■ ■'■- TKe moulds- are first filled'with, a layer of wh^e.cemen^^yonr

■ -: tually with colours) arid-mosaic gravel or marble on the vibrat

ing table* '■'••;" *

■.':'.. .,..E"o-wr;coroes,a-..layer of .sand-and grey cement and the ■.tiles are

■..- .moulded,.in the...press. The hardening takes place in-water1

■ . ■■; basins* ' Finally5 they are ground "and polished.; Ordinary,;" tiles .- ■ - have .a. first layer of grey cement... ■"Imported''.tiles, are'"usually* ■

not1 competitive with local products because of the extra. costs;

: of: trahsportg. breakage, Customs tariffs and prof its. by "trade ;> "■-

(c) Concrete pipes

Pipe manufacturing requires, the same, materials and;, processing ' . as block.manufacturing.. Not much machinery, is. needed and the

■-. .price.,of semi-automatic vibrating forms allows small enter- ; .■

".' prises, to .operate throughout the sub-re-gion» - ...,.■■...■.■•..--,■■■■.•

At this stage of. development it does-not seem advantageous, tp ■■

concentrate on capital-intensive methods as the large arti'sanal production of more simple items is competitivey. After- some {

Page 4"*"v ■'. ''

years s when the markets have grown to justify large plants and

i.-. labour-cost has.i-gone-up together with the. living standards they

■■.'.■:■::• .,: will appear as a natural development";. ■ •. ■ -. ■ ■.. ' ■ ■' '"'■

At present introduction :of quality intensive/processes should be concentrated in the manufacturing of. heavy elements? sUch :. ... as reinforced concrete tubes of large diameters, walling and

....:.„- ,: .. roofing; elements, etc..-. In this way both'time and. costly raw

. '■ ■ . !..-materials,.;(eegB , cement.) ioan "be. saved.. However?;-large-sca'le

manufacturing .of construction elements implies standardiza-

;.■;. tipn of., measures/, and ■modules' in'/"building,, ■-; '" ■ -. ■■■"■•'■' ■

Here a developing country has an advantage over the. developed

country? because she does not haw to fight old growth in

'. national standards. A well-organized and effective standardi

zation will facilitate export- and import as well. -;

3. Consumption of cement ■ '''" ' ' " V

The consumption of cement through the last, few years is a good indi cator of the reoent development and status of the cement-based.'industry.

-A look at the per ,capita consumption allows us to- compare the posi tion of the different countries amongst themselves and to1 relate their consumption to the consumption of the whole continent and of the world.

The trend of per capita consumption .,of cement since ■ i960, is shown in Table 4. A stagnation seems to have taken place since 1962 in all the countries. Gabon and Congo (Brazzaville) have stabilized at levels some what.higher than the average/for African.countries and-the other countries of $he sub-region at a considerably lower.level. ■■ : ■ . .

Table 4 s Cement consumption per capita (in kg)

1°>61_

17

13 664

16).

51

1962

16-■

176 ■ (10)74

78

1963

16 13 3

(11) 59

70

1964

■15

17 .4 70

(16.)

81

1965

.'1114

'2 51

U 71

1966

,(13) (U) (2) (14)

51

(75)

Cameroon 14

Central African Rep. '.9

Chad 4

Congo (Brazzaville) 62 Congo (Dem. Rep.) a/ (ll)

Gabon 38

Sub-region 14 12 15 15 15 16

Africa , ' : , 40. . .37- -, 39 . ■42-

World ■" -■ : ■ -105- ■ : 109 '- ,114^ : 116 , "124. 131 ' ;■' 137

Source s Cembureau,

a/ Including .Rwanda and Burundi6. ■:,.,-

( ) Means partly or wholly estimated,1'

Page 5

,;Pespite_ the^relatively low consumption of cement in the Central

African sub^re.gion, the level <^\^£t^z^£on~<^''6&m^^^o'd^b"%B'V^^^'h.""'''

in comparison with t&e use of corresponding "building materials. Concrete blocks andr>tubes account for..:.the largesfoahare* They.are. .mostly pro- , duced by the contractors themselires. For rural housing,, now and then, soil-cement .blocks are utilized.

4. Prices - ■'".,'■ ■ ' ■':'■' -.._■■ ■ ''.■ ■ " ''■■'.■■■.

As the most costly input in concrete production is cement, the1 £os- sibility ^concrete products competing with other building materials ..,, depends ~on--the price.-.-pf ■ ee-ment* -.-■■■-♦- ..,-..>...,...■....■, . ... „,. '

price; of cement, per ton ^ries as'.l-'to 4 from one district to

anbiher in; the ; sub-r©gion dejiendix^ on the faoilitie's of transport,' As ■

a guideline'one can reckon that the: price will increase 100 per; cent for

each 250-km transport. As example the prices o^;sbme relevant'materials

in Boualas Yaounde and Port Iamy? respectively, are quoted below in

Table 5. '. ."..-.. ■ ... ■ -':. - .

Table;5 s.l966; prices of somfe building materials (Iti

Bouala '' YapuhdeV Pori': iamy"

Unit" ;c.l.f. wholesale wholesale wholefeale

'"<! •!V.'TT';"'"-'"'R'!!'^*:' .-"■ ■" -■i.t': ^-!!*" '" ""'';*" t-'"";"'" "■"i"?/' ' i. I""""?'"' '

Cement ton

Reinforcement bars -

I.P.2I. 80 mm -

Corrugated aluminium 6/lO m

Corrugated aluminium j/ll: -,- . -; •i.?:-i*■ .'■ - . ■-■'):■■;- .2.10 Corrugated galvanized:,' ■ 'V:;>-si-:- ..- V; ■ '--■■■- :..-:.':. ■:..-.■ ■■ ■ '■'■- ■■-."' ' '■.

/ J,-.-:-.''/; ,; - ■■. ,- •,_.-.■■ .],.r-. ■■■,;,-,'..: -;. ,- ■',-/..■ ■;.-/■- -■ ■".■ 2*30'

22 120

40 220

245

1.65

... ■■»; ■■-'

300

245

1.80

110 250 300,

5* Eixistin^'^oement products plants . . .. ■,;.; - : , . : :. .

\..«j Cerent products .are-at present manufactured-..in, a: number.of. plants in the sub-re^i-onvt-\-Mp#fe■.&£.i;he'pla.nts..are,r p.rpducing:a series of produpts which;account only fbit-a small part, of ths tpta;^ eonsumptipn,/; .. ■-■■

(a) Gameroon .; ..; . ,

Cameroon has three plants producing cement products. One - ICAB -

has specialized in cement floor tiles based,on Bidzar marble* The, other

two are producing prestressed concrete, concrete b.locks, tubes, poles,

beams and girders•*■ Some general information pn tie plants is'given as'

follows. ■ ■ ■ ' ■■" ' ' '■ ■■ ' ,.'' , :..■■■ ;-o. .• ■■ ■'■■ ' .-■. - ,.:

Page 6

Hame •■''-■' -■■ ■■■

Locality^

Capital

(fr CFA)

Employees Capacity ' Production

ICAB '•-■

Bidsar

5,million

56

,. - ■■—■■; ■■;■■

1,500 tons

Doiiiaia "-"Bassa,1 .. "'- '"'['"[. , Bassa1.-"' '■ ■;

31 million 20 million

■ ■■ ■. 130 ... .- "■'■' . ■" ."■ 102.:- ,..-

. 35,000'tons .■;■■..'!' ;.' ; '60,000.'. tons

■ -."""" ■ / ": "- "'['"■ ."''•-20,000 tohs A Gameroonian^Gerinan project for a cement plant which is envisaged

will furthei"promote the cetnent-based industriesy "because during the, last

ten years all. the bement consumed has "been imported. : At present it

amounts top some 120,000 tons a year* =■ ■. ■ v ■.' ■-- '-■■ :

(b) Gabon ...

The urban consumption of cement products is mainly supplied by three

fairly .industrialized firms. One "is^situated.' in' Port Gentil andi ^the tw_

others1are in Libreville. One of the plants in Libreville having'an

annual, qapa city of 4OsO00 tpn:s;covers:, a varietyof .products, ranging from

blocks and pipes to prefabricated concrete houses. A total of 35

labourers are employed. . ' .

(o) chad . .. : , ;

The:only building materials available in Chad are clay9 sand and stone. Fort Lamy is supplied by a quarry situated at a distance of 100

km and construction wood is imported from the Central African Republic. ,

Cement is imported and therefore is very expensive - about 4 to 5 times the world market price. The annual import is about-8^000 4

In Fort Lamy is located a plant producing concrete building materials

with terazao tiles.as staple product.' It is the "Societe africaihe_ de

oarreaux agglomeres de marbre". Information about this plant fa1 Hows,

SACAM ■■■v. ^.

Locality . ;\ Fort.lamy ■-■, -_. . ■ ■■ v -... -■ " ■ .-

Capital (fr CFA) 35 million ■ ■ ... ": ' .. ''■'' . / Smploye.es. ■. - " .-. . 5&- - ■. .■■■'■■:..'- ■ ■ . y. * " '-'■ '''

■■■■■■ g ■

Capacity 100 m per day

Production For local market and export to Cameroon.

Page/7

' (d) 'Central African Republic" ; ".,„...;.:.:"-. ...:™.-. ' "."■

:.. II There..ar,e;: no ^enterprises oriented .only towards producing, cement pro- . 4uots. However-these products ^ especially concrete- blocks■ .-* enjoy con

siderable popularity, and are therefore prpduced,:by the contractors, them selves onmobile/equipnient, ' ..■ ■ ■■ ■'■ .-■ ■ ."■"/_/.■....■■..-■..■:...■-:_.. _ . ■■■

■/; .- A$) Congo (Brazzaville). • ' i ■' ■"■■-..■■

■ .; ^,- in the concrete- product sector records are available .only. ln--.,respect of;.a. plant producing flooring and wailing tiles. It is- located!.iji','.Brazaa- ville and has a. capital- of:.'fr CFA 16 million-. There is a^so-'a plant :pro- d{xo-4ng'househpld:'artioles3 tubes and botlles"in■•■ plastic for -tha local ' fiiarke'.t' and the- U13EAC".' As the range of ■■cement-based products'is:'ratiiet ■ narrowj there is a possibility for ■this factory to go ;■ intone [production of plastic building materials, such as corrugated sheets;fb;i> roofinland plastic "flooding.tiles. " 'Cement-""is" not;pr^duc;ed'''ye"t?'1aiid ;fhe-"anh£i!a"i"'1irii--- ■

^ > :\ " " "

"&£) ! Qongo ■ (Democratic Republic) "

;■';.' ---A. l^ge. ■■■variety ^..pf. :ce.ment. products,- including.:asbestos cement are ..domestically produced in-the ■■Congo, It'is the only'country in''the~'sub-

region where asbestos cement is produced; The production.;!^ dJLvi'cte'd /1' among, thrde producers. :■ Their general data are' presented"

CIMEIS[KA.T Maine

Locality^'

Capital;: ,-:,-..434s250*000

"Smpibryeesv ■'■ ■' ■-'■■

(1965)

Capacity >.': ■!.'.:.:■

..production

ETERCO

^Kinshasa .

18Q: million :,-:

,fr- Congo •- J-y\..--

275" ■■- ' ■-

2*7 million m2 or 24j000 tons

■■■■.Sheetss ;.il>514 f

Fittings ■: .819 t

_.-■: ]Jubudi./ :-r ■ .- ■.

■■lQ0;.;ml'lilpn7,;.;- * :

Beton 6a5OO tons . Asbestos..■cements

'l.S-.niillion.m ' ■' Betoii;:: :4?8GQ,- tons

Asbestos. —----»■-

. dn'....a;sbfestG;^. cement:, afe;^^he:;.

.cement :is "^ell^ 'and.Hhe^:;1 \. [ ?'"

a:-pr0duc-4;ioii."of prefabricated concrete-along -w.itn'-" the-"1'1:-

asbestos ..cement ;prpiiuc-tion.-'There are-se-veral more plants belonging

to the concrete produdtsr-bra!hehswhidh are listed as follows* ■

"Page 8

. Ha me

Locality .'. ', Capital ;■■■ "■

Employees

1 ■ 1^3 mo r*n ■htr r v ■

Production

SOLIDUS Kinshasa 12 million fr Beige

137 •

/ -m -_ rf* ^ \ "

(1966)

10$J0O0: ;t ; ■

62,583 t

CARRI MA Boma.. ,:; ';

- ."

(1966)

38

"Cu-fc "stone

3,000 t Concretes

36,boo t

Cut stone

33844 t

Concretes

11,794 t.

SOGECOMAT..

..'; Kasa'ngaiu '..

875722,228

fr Congo' :"

■ 133. :■'.,;

(1966) , .

% - " — '. '■':''■'

1 260 j 000;

concrete blocks

:¥.. MOEOBTI

"■■Bandalungwa ..

. 10 million '£r Congo

-; 2.0 ■■■:-..

U965) j

— '■'.■

'' ' ■ '

650,000

concrete blocks

MCL

■:: Kinshasa 3,0 ,million fr Congo

> 216

,(1965)

^/Tiless .' 1561,1000 m

. Prefabri cate dg

8 million

fr ., Tiless ?

^0,000 m Prefabri- cateds

8 million

fr

The demand is growing faster than productions though the latter^has increased considerably during the last few years. In-1962 and 1963 the total production of concrete products-amounted-to 4O.5OO tons and" 6j;000 -

tons respectively. , . :■ , , ■

"ETJSHCO" foresees an increase in capacity along with the current modernization^ machinery and equipments bringing the capacity up to 3.5 mxllion m of asbestos -cement annually. Planned.- investments in !the near future would raise the capacity to 6 million m^ The cement-based industry is depending on the domestic cement production only. Annually Congo (Democratic Republic) produces about 250,000 tons of cement of

which 35s°OO tons are exported.

■6. Estimation of demand' " ';•■

Annex I provides a breakdown of the projected investment in construc tion into its various elements and,basic materials which serves as a basis for projection of the respective building material industries*

The methodology followed is in line .with the. one used in the pro jections -for the ¥est African sub-region,'.and makes, full use of.-the. . - . experience gained and information collected'during' a mission, to the" .

sub-region, .* ■ ■ '-:: - '-■■-!■■ " ■ ■ "■■: i;- ■ ...-.- -. ■

^ —In m

Page 9

For tie'breakdown of investment in residential dwellings into ele- . rants of construction, three average dwelling Sizes have been chosen to.. ; represent the "low-cost house", the "medium-cost house" and the "high- cost house % Even if the floor areas assumed are not in 'complete* con- . formity with reality, it will not influence the demand for construction

elements materially. ' ■ - ;-"■■■

The percentage shares of building materials are based on thej-present consumption and trends in-growth";of the respective materials and items. \ The future demand of cement-based building materials in each! country of the sub-rregion for 1970, 1975 and I98O is shown in Table 6* I

7. Proposed-programme for the establishment of new plant capacities.

On the basis of the consumption of cement-based building materials : given in T4ble 7 and the country features compiled in paragraph 5va.'/

phased programme fpr'the establishment of new plant capacities has been, drawn-up. 'This is shown in Table 8 according to the five principal items.

However toiproduce these five items only three types of plants are re

quired, because blocks, roofing slabs and concrete tubes; and pipejs are

normally (though not necessarily) produoed in the same factory. ;;

■ The shortage of cement-based building materials over the years in ..

Table 8 ha^ been calculated by first deducting the present capacity from the demand^ in 197O? 1975 and-1980 respectively and then adding 20 per ? cent to blicks, slabs and. pipes to cover breakage;.and to provide for f miscellaneous items (sidewalk tiles, fencing grilles, lamp posts,! etc.) not included;.in the demand estimates of Tables 6 and 73 and 10 per cent. ;

to tiles, for wastage- From the resulting figures further deductions. :_;!

are made, on a decreasing scale, for the non-industrialized production ; carried oui by contractors on building sites, in order to arrive at the j net shortage to be covered by new capacities. An exception to th;is is

the shortage ,of cement and granno tiles and roofing tiles which ip in- .

tended to 1>e covered entirely by factory production. ! ;

The programme proposes a total new capacity of 83,000 tons to be ■ available in 1970,, 445,000. tons for 1975 and 865,000 tons for I98O. The

number of new units required in the period I97O-I9SO .for this purpose is

80. They vary in size from 2,000 .tons to 75,000 tons but the-majority j of them ar^ smaller in order to economize in transport costs. The invest ment requirements will amount to about $1 million around 1970, about $4

million by: 1975 and almost $9 million by I98O. ' ! j

The annual cement consumption of these new units will be in ,the range of 12,500 tons in 1970, 659OOO tons in 1975 and 128,000 tons in ; I98O. These figures represent a comparatively low percentage of /the estimated total cement consumption. . nevertheless, the share going into ■ cement-based industries is expected :to almost double in the period 1970 \ to 1980, following the trend towards a higher use of cement-based products in building and construction as this industry develops and become;s more .

rationalizedo ' : ' ; ■ '

Table6.;,.Projectedconsumptionofconcretebuilding:materials BlocksCement_&£.ranno for..'-tiles-.for.;■' wallsfloors,'.

(lOOOt) 7:(lQOOtj: ■" -

Tiles'Slabs. for!l,"•for' roofsroofs;

(lOOOt) (lOOOt)

Tubes&■•■-Per:" pipes''Total?-capita (lOOOt)(kfi)

Rate,ofgrowth.. '..'".Per:~ Totalcapita at) O

o fei Cameroon, Central/.African/Republic Chad Congo(Brazaayi-lle) Congo■(Democratic.Republic Gabon tTOEAC Totalsubrregion

1970- 1975,- -i960:" 1^70!;

■1975/.-;,

1980■

1970/ "

1975;- 198O

1970.' 1975 '"

1980-

)197O

1-9-75-- 1980 1970.. 1975.. 198O■"■ 197O-'.

1'975

198O I97O;

1975"-- ::

1980

245 366 ■18 37 ,59 23 62 90 27 42 67 ■173 244 .,.566 33 -54 .43 .440

£45

684 1.211

16""' 25- 2;6 5c1 '1.4 6.8 1. 2-.

■4:

18

-26 67

^{2.4 3-5. 3-4 29-}

45

■55 112

...2/6 .0.-5 0.7 0.7 l.'O" .3.0 4-3 9.8 ■1..6 7.5 9.8 _{11.8 19-6}

■0=8

i-5

2=3 -i..l 4:8 9*0 0.8 2=2

■3-1

5.0 7-1 16.4. ■1*3

■3.1'

"2-5 11.6

I6.9 18,7

33=3

42ol ;66.4 .3=9 .9»4 17-3 ;■8o--9

;-'l9--7

,24-3

6.4 8=5

;.12.-7 40.1 57^0 132,7 8.-9 .15.8 .12,5

96

133

306 4,82 25- 51 ?5 92 132; 36 56■ 239 338 792 47 78": 63 ₈₅₀

153\■923. ,266Ij6.42-

47:

67 17- 31-

46"

10-" 24 32..1 39 54- 79. 14 17. 35 94- 1441 107 43 57. 28- 44

9-5. 14.1- 12..7 3-0 -s-

7-4.: 10.5 12..4 7=3 9=6 5-7 9=4

M —a

Table 7 ': Pro.iectio-n of the coemption of

Cameroon Concrete"blocksforwalls

Cement and granno tiles floors

Asbestoscementsheetsroofs Concretetilesroofs Concreteslabs...roofs...■■-'

Central. African .Republic

Concreteblocksforwalls Cementaridgrannotilesfloors

Asbestos -cement sheets roofs

Concretetilesroofs Concreteslabsroofs Chad..,...".,■■ Concreteblocksforwalls Cementandgrannotilesfloors Asbestoscementsheetsroofs■ Concretetiles'roofs Concrete-slabsroofs

Congo (-Brazzaville^ ' ''■'.'

Concreteblocksforwalls Asbestos-cementsheetswalls■■

Cement and.granno tiles floors ; Asbestos cement sheets roofs - Concrete tiles roofs " Concrete slabs .roofs'' - '■

0.368 0.170 0.170 ■O.170 0.170

25 20 5 5 5 0.216 0.216. 0.216 0.216

15 5 -5 5

0.336 O.156 0.-156* o.156 0.156

-5 20 -15-

0.092 0.034 0.008, 0.008 0.008

0.462 25, 0.II5"

0,032 0.011 0.0.11. 0.011 0-336-40.0.13-5. 0.017 0.031. 0.023- 0..00.8 .0.008

18

..1.5 0.5 0.8 '23

0.1"7

•0.7 1.1 0.26: -1.4 -Q.35 .-0,5.. 0.8

65.1.225 O.87840 0.8785 ■O.-878-.5' 0.87-8--

0.351 0.044 "o.044: 0.622300M86 0.28920 0.28910 0.289;5 0.289.5 1.035.30. O.48I20 0.481'5 0.481'.5 O.48I10

.0.058 O.029 0.015 0,015 0.310 Q..096 0.024 0.024 0.048 27O..462450,208 5 ■Q.-20625 0:.216.20 0.2165 0.21610

-0.0.23 O.O54 O.O43 0.011 0.022

245 16 2.6 2.6 .-37 ,2.6 0.44 0.9 1.5 .62 4-3 O.36 1.4 4-8. 42.

■O»35

2.4 0*65 0.7 2.2

651-930 I.38340O.553 .1=383.,5.--.0.069 1-3835(

25 I.04

0.988 30 0,296 - '59

O..458 0*458 0.458 0.458 1.292 0.601 .0.601

6.601

-0e601. -O.671 0o671:'. 0.3.13'. .0/313- 0.31-3 0.313

250.114 10O.O46 50.023 5 35.O.452 250.150 100.060 50.030 15 500.335

'; 5 O.O34 "io 6" 094

200.-063 -.50.016 100.031

5a. O.69 1.4 90 ^6O8 0.90 1.8 9=0 0.51 4-2- 3.1

&■ \ O Tt

Table 7 .(oont'd) Congo (Semocratac Republic)

Concrete"blocksforwalls■■ "Asbestoscement1sheetswalls Cement&granhotiles,floors ■Asbestoscementsheetsroofs Concretetilesroofs ■Concreteslabsroofs Gabon ConcreteblocksforKails .-■Cement&grannotiles'floors ...Asbestoscementsheetsroofs .Concrete,tilesroofs. -.-.ConcreteslaWroofs

Total area mill. 2 m- 2.16640 .166 .009 ,009 ,009 1.009 0.269 0.269 0.269 0.269

■5 40 20 5 5

O.865 0.108 0.405 0.202 0.050 0.050

173 1.62 18 3.03- 3o0 5-0

3.O46401.220 20 50.054 0,013 0.027 0.013

2.4- 0.20 1.6

3.046 .418 .418 ■418 ■418 0.416400.1.66..33O.671 0.313 0.313 0-313 0*313

5 40 20 5 5 25 10 10 10

0.152 0.567 0-283 0,071 0.071

244 2,28 26 4.25 4.3 7-1 0.078 0.031 0.031 0.031

3.5 0.47 1.9

"3-1

7-072 40 2.830 " 566

7.072 3.294 3.294 3.294 3.294

400.268540.543 O.252 O.252 0.252 0.252

5 45 20 5 5 30 10 10 10

0.353 I.48O O.659 0.164 O.164 40.0.217 0.076 O.O25 0.025 ■o.025

5.3

67

10o0 9.8 16.4 43 3.4 0.38 1.5 2-5

o !j M —3

Table8 .B Shortage.(in:1,GOOt);7

.CG T; '."..,.SL / -T+F..

,-jJe.w plants-or .expansions'-f Required investments (in $1,000) ;"by capacity/j(iii;l,:"00b £).";. * ■„ -:: .j

.-S.!"■-..CG:...^-T----SL...Jftj-P.-..v,.B.-CG1-—T-.'SL.;".".::.■;T+P■"Total1 Cameroon1970 1975190-14 1980-360r.233.-0" 4-5 CentralAfri.c.1970121.7" Republic1975302,9 198055-5.6. Chad..1970 ..197530■3- 198065-6,

Congo (Brazza.)l97O 20 ■- . . '■ 1.975 40 .-;

198060..2

Congo (D.R.). 1970 - 13

■.'...19757020: ■.-"■■;-1980450.-60 Gabon1970.-

- .. 1975 .- '--

..198015- Total.19703214.T

■■ . ■ 1975 ■ 360 39-9

■...19-80;1,00596;6-;

1. .2

1,0 1-8 2.8 2.0 1.5 1.0. 2.5 3.5 5 10

-32 60- 10. 1.0 TO. V ■..10. 15 20 40 120.

10x26': .4±40-1x10; 1x15"-1x3•"

"1x3

:l]O00

1x25; '-1X3 ■ ■'■-

2x15..1x3:.-■ 2x2G\1x3:;'.-± 2x10- 1x20'-"■-

V 1x2 . -

1x5

2x15 1x10 1x10"250 -1x2..2x5 IxlO 1x10 -.3x5■- 3x251x5■'■- 5x754x10-2x5 "1x15,-.-

1x5 -1x5

1x10 2x10 2x10

:3"00 ;400 100 100 100 :6oo

300-3P 20020 .70,-

70 ■-"

90-■■ 90■;-■ 50- 370- 120-: 1x54x203*0001,000120

-. 50 20 30 4D 401

.480 450 200 200 .200 200 160 160

■34O

340 ,350

1 1 ■1

'5

^{,810 ,470}

220 350 570 610 690 260 100 340 710 ,100 ,510 -■2.0 5.O-.IV3 13-5-:lT-8.102

■24b;

340

635

18 -233 12■;7 15

1x5 30 72

145

2,

4,.:

70 250

80150 ■440.-■-■5001,190

■ 510 -30. "do .1,220 3,970 1,410,14b. .1.2.0 2,44.0 8,730

Unitcostofinvestments:.■$5-10;perton'-blocksandslabs.;--■;■■"■" 420--30.:.perton^.c.ement.andgrannotiles

MO -: 15-./- p:er -ton :- .roof trig- tiles •: ;

$1.5.-20...perton-tubesandpipes,i

o

Page 14

The new plants will employ about 800 labourers in 1970 and %n 197'5

another 1,700 will' be employed,, . The units starting in the period I9751 to I98O will absorb 4,000 labourers. .

The total estimated output of cement-based products is shown in . )- Table 9, classified under concrete products and asbestos cement products.

This is of interest because the asbestos -cement products are .imported-'in

all the UDBAC countries. . , " •■; . -; ■. :

Table 9 s. Total value of cement-based 'products (in $1,000)

Cameroon

Central Afr. Rep.

Chad

Congo (Brazza.) Congo (Dem. Repo)

Gabon

■

! .1970 Concrete products

* ■■

600 1,100 800 4 3 600 900

Asbestos cement

40 60 170 l?35O 50

■ Concrete products

1 . 3 1 6

■ 1 ,700 ,200

?'000 33OO 56OO 3;5OO

75

Asbestos

■ cement 380 150 130;

250 1,900

100 ;

- 1980 '

Gonci'e te products

'8,700

2 s 000 4?400 2,000 15,500 l-,200-

Asbestos

! cement 600, - 230;

i 370.

370 4,500.

: 130

The expe'oted' input/output structure of the.sector is shown in ■

Annex II and one |nay notice that only Congo (Democratic Republic) is' :

likely to develop-export. This will consist of asbestos.cement products

to the neighbouring countries.

It is highly-important that the cement-based industry is developed

as fast as possible becauses in a way, it is vital to the development o£

the whole industrial sector* A well-organized building materials'indus

try will reduce building costs and raise the quality of construction.

A lot of pro4uctss besides, those mentioned in this paper, will follbw?

as the market develops. Ready-mixed concrete should soon be available '■

from small centres spread over the sub-region, and large-size light- '

weight elements will find a market- in .the urban areas-. ■ " I

The whole cement-based industry indicates many ways of savings benefits for'the economy, also in terms of foreign exchangee' ■

^and;

f ■;

Estimate of gross floor area of housing and

"building construction and of construotion

element demand in 19?0, 1975 and I98O

Annex. I JX I

The fn _of trail and partition recxuireme.atg_

III

II

1

1

\

■, .■ 1

* . .'

1-

50 2

m ■■

7.1 m

100 m 200 m

14,2'm

I

Type II

Type

1 • Circumference, walls ■ 2. Partitions

3» The area of circumference) walls ,■ The area of partition

The area of circumference — windows

doors .22$

(iO>o.

ni

>' - 18%) -

The area-of partition

4. The ■■volume of circumference - 22 cm. ' m

The volume of partition .. ' m

23,-3 28,4

88.0

63-9

6Q.6 57.5 15.15-3

40.0 30.0 124.0 90.0

96.7 77 ;4-

2.1.3

7*7

56.7;

176.1

170^4

137-4

139.7 30.2 14.0

/

Annex I Page 2

1.

2.

3.

4.

5-

Countrys Cameroon

Investment in construction :

Investment in.iiousing and building Expenditure on services and related

activities, 30% of 2

j>let"investment in housing and building

(2-3) ; ■ ' v

Investment in resideiitial building

Unit

—— ■ 1 ■

million $

t!

1975

112 73

1980

—

176 115

a. Low cost housing b. Medium cost housing

c. High cost housing . ; 5cj°

Investment in non-residential building a. Industrial building

b.- Education and health building

c.~ Other 2QC/°

7. Surface areas Low cost at USS 5°/]

Medium " " US:$ 90/:

Industrial" BS^ Wm;

iSducational UbS 7°/m;

Other Ub#100/m'

Total gross floor demand

Low cost houses at 50 m /unit Medium » " " 100 m /unit High l! " " 200' m /unit

Total number of houses

10.

-fall areas

Total volume

house ■ ., ,.

Industrial buildings Educational buildings Other types

1 Houses

' Industrial buildings Jducatiojial "buildings Other types

21.9

34.5

Total

■11.- ■ ■ -

Tl

H

11

11

11

u

11 -■ .

million m2

u

11 n n 1!

II

units

11 11 u

million m2

11.

m_

million m3

it I!

!!

' 51 J.

.31-5. . „:

25.20 -4.73 •

1.58

19-6 ■'■

7.S4

■■

7-84

3.92

0.054

0.053 0.013

0.157

0,112 0.039 O.878 10080 . 530

10675 65

1.382 0.257 O.196

Q.O55

■ 1.884

0.228 -.- ■ 0.041

.. 0.032 - 0.009

0.310 .-"

8O.5 49-7

39.76

7.46 2.49 30.8 12.^2 12.32 6.16 0.795

O.O83

0.021 0,246 0.176 0.06?

1.383

15900

830

105

16835

2.180 0.394 0.303

O.O87 2.969

O.36O ..0.065 0.051 0.01/;.

O.49O

Cameroon

Construction

element

Material"

-tied, .material . ., -lO' Concrete blocks and

prefab. 70

asbestos celaent sheets -

Other materials ■ 20

Annex I

■10-

70

20

15'

20

1 Percentage 'share

1970 1975 1980

20

Hoofing Red materials

Asbestos 'cement sheets

Concrete tiles

Concrete block fills for

• slabs ;

Other materials

10

5 5

10 ■■

5 5

■ i0

IP 5

10 10

■ ■ 5

80

75

Flooring Cement and grsnite tiles 40 Hed tiles ■._{, * ■ >} ■ ■ —

Ceramic tiles ■ -

Others .. 60 ₆₀

40

60

40

60.

Drainage, and irrigation'

■■■-.■' V .'

■Concrete, pipes

■Asbestos :cement pipes'

■ "He'd" material pipes Stoneware j^ipes Others

5

-

70

25 - 5

—

70

■ ■ 30 10

_

60

' ■ 30' 10

—

60

e/ci?.14/1^/171

Annest T ■ - ■■"'■■ ' • Page 4

iil^fi!^ and i i' rigation tforks

1« Investment in drainage aad services related to housing and building 2. Share of 1. in drainage

works alone'

1970 1975. . 1980; 1970 1975 1980- 1970 1975 19SO

. .. % ■ ■ Million US$ ■: - ■ - ' Tons ■ ■ ■

21.9 . .34.5 6:57 "■:■ io', 35

3. Expenditure on the acquisition of pipe , drainage materials - 60% of 2.

of-.which the snare of pipes %

of which; asbestos pipes concrete pipes

1. Invebt-'ient in F. w 2, Expenditure on the

aquisition of niatorials :''

% of 1

3. Share of drai'.i^e ■&

pipe materials

of whiohs asbestos pipes cOiicr-ete pipes

Total of asbestos pi^

concrete pi^

30 10 30

30 . 10 30

3.94 1.18..

" 0.120 O.35O

6.21 1.86 0.190 0,560

1

17

,000 ,500

1 28

,580 .000

10 30

7

10 30

39

⁶¹

23.4 36.6

I.64 .. 2.56

0.I64 0,256

0.492 O.768

^{24,6001,370 38,4002?140}

0 0

.284

.842 0 1

.446 .008

■2.

42;

) 370 ,100 (

3? 720 56,400

Countrys Chad ■ " '.'"

-1-.■ ■■• Invest^ent-ln1 coa&t'ruotioii "

■ 2, .^Investment in housing.and "building

3« — E-xpenditure'-oif's'gr'vices and' " ■-'

. . related activities, 3Q'yb of 2 n

4« ifet. investment in housing and ' ■ ' '

building (2-3) it ■ 12>6

5.* Investment in residential building ": '" ''"~'il 'jaj

a. Low, oost housing QQf0 " 6.16

b. Medium cost housing' 15% " 1,16

c0 High, oost housing 5y0 ■ . " O.39

6. Investment in non-residential "building " ■ 4.9-

a. Industrial building 4O70 ■ 1.96

b. Education and .health . .

■ "building ■ ■ 40^ " 1,05

... G- Other . -20^ " "' ' O.98

7- Surface areas Low cost at US$ 50/m2 'million'm2 0.123

.Medium" » USS 90/nu " ' ' 0,113 High " « US«120/mp "■ - 0.003

Industrial USfc 50/m^ » O.O39

Educational US$ 70/m^ " 0.028

.... .. . . . , Other ^ US$100/m^ » . o.OlO

Total gross floor demand ■ " 0.216

8. -.-Low- cost■• houses- at 50nu/unit units 2.46O

Medium" » " 100nu/unit.. m . ;. .3^0

High » . " " 200m7unit " 15

■ ■ , Total number of houses ' " 2 6O5

9." ^11 areas Houses million m2 0.337

Industrial buildings . " 0.062 Educational buildings " ' ■0".0'49"

'■ ■ -Total °ther typGS ' " ■ "

10. wall volumes Houses million m3. .0,056

Indus-trial buildings " 0,010

. .. ■ ... Educational buildings " 0^008

Other types , » 0.002

Unit .lion $

ti

1970 28 18

Annex I Page 5

1975

■ 62- ■ 40.

1980

77

.50

12.0 15.0

0 .0 0 0 0 0 0

5:

5;

0, 0, 0- 0, 1.

0, 0, 0.

0.

0, 28.0

17.5

14-00 0.88

2.63

10.5 4.20

4.20 .2.10 .280 .029 .007

.084

,060 .021 .. : .481 ,600 ■

290 35

>925

.767 . -134

►105 . : ■"

,029

.035

,127 ,022 017 005

■1-71 -.

35-0 21.7 17-36

3.26 1.09 13.3

5-32

■5-32

2,66

■Q.,347 _6.036

0.009 0.106 0,076 0^027 0,601

6,940

360

7,345

45 O..951 0.170

0*133 0,038

1.292

0-157

0,028 0.022.

0.006

.Gva,

Ci^^

Annex I .Page 6

Chad

Construction

element Material Percentage share

1967 1970 1975

1980

Walling Red material 35

Concrete blocks and

prefab. ,. 25

Asbestos cement sheets " -

Other materials 40 ₄₀

40

30

30

40

35

j-

25

Roofing

Flooring

Red materials

Asbestos cement sheets Concrete tiles.

Concrete block fills for slabs

Other materials

Cement and granite tiles Red tiles

Ceramic tiles Others

20 5

5 5

65

15

10

20

5 5 5 65

15

10

20 5, 5

10 60

20 10

.20 10 5

15

50

25

■ 10

75 75

⁷⁰

65

Drainage and'

irrigation Concrete pipes '

Asbestos cement pipes Red material pipes Stoneware pipes

Others , '

25 ■■

5

3 ,2

65 ■

25 5

3

'.' -2 .

■ 65 .

25 5 .3

2

■ 65

. 25 10 3 2 60

Annex I Page 7

^ and irrigation works

Chad X97O 1975 1980 1970 1975 1980 1970 . 1975 1980

i° ' ' Million US$ . Tons

1, Investment in drainage ' ■

& services related to ■■■■'■. .

housing & building 5.4 12.0 15.0 ■ . .

2* Share of '1. in drainage

■ works alone 30^ . 1.62 ' "3..6O 4.50 ' .

3- Expenditure, on the . ■

" : ' acquisition of pipe '&' ' ' ' \ ■ . , .

•■■>. drainage "materials -.

■ 6Op of 2. V"; . ■ 1.02 2.16 2.7D " ' "■■ ■".-

of which the share ff - '.

Pipe83-" . ' 30 30 30 0,,29. O-.65 0.-81

of .which asbestos " ■.'... :' . ■...■■' . ■ '

piPes. . 5 5 10 0.015 O.032 0.081 " 2ic5 : 540

■-:; concrete i.ipes. _ 25 25. -25. -0,073- 0.162 0.203-3j 600-■" 8,-100- 10;000

IV Investment in COS.O\. ■ ." ' ■ ■ / ■ " -

& P.W'. ' ■ ■ ' . 10 .,22 - 27

.2.. Expenditure on the' .. .'...■ . .

, ' acquisition, of . 6.0 13.2 22.5

materials 60^ of ;.l'... " : ■ : ■ . ■".... ■ ■■■ ■ ■■--.-.. ■'■ ._.■:.

3. Share of drainage & • - "

,"■ pipe materials T" :'""" X ' .-?■ 7 °^'" " 0.92 1.13 '". -y; . : '' :

of'witidhs asbestos ■' ■ ■ " .' ■ : ' ■ ■ ' ' ■-"■ "; ' ■■

pipes' 5 .5 10 0.021 : Q.O46 0.113 140 310 750

concrete pipes 25 25 25 O.165 0.231 0.284 5,300"11,600 14,200'

Total ■ q.f. 'asbestos; ' ; ;.

.. . . ....' .Pipes ' O.O36 O.O78 0.236 240 520 1,290

concrete pipes O.178 0.393 O.487 8,900 19,700 24,300

Annex I Page 8 '

Country s Gabon Unit 1970

1975

¹⁹⁸⁰

1. Investment in construction

2. Investment-in housing and building 3- Expenditure on services and

related activitiess yyfo of 2 4. -tfet investment in housing- aad

6.

10.

'million

24

"16

■:4.8'

41

"26

7- ■ i

32

21

6.3 building (2-3)

Investment in resideatial building'

a. Loj cost housing 80^

b.- Medium cost housing 15/<>

c. High cost housing " *>%

Investment in non-residential building aB Industrial building 40:/o b,: Education and health ,

. . 'building . . 405b

0. Other 20c/o

Surface areas Low cost at US|> ^O/gx Medium"' " US& 90/nip High " » XSbU20/m2 Industrial US^ 50/mp Educational US$ 7O/m2 Other ' UStlOO/m

Total t>,TOss floor demand

3Jow oo&t nouses .at 50 nip/unit : ■ Medium » " "100 nip/unit High " ■" ' "200 m /unit

..= Total number of houses

■.jail areas Houses

Industrial buildings Sduoat-iona-1 buildings Other -types

Total

wall volumes Houses

Industrial buildings iiiducatioaal buildings Other ty^es

Total

tt

tt

u

H tl

11

It

It II

million m

M tt

It 11 It tl

units

11 11 11

million m

it 11 1!

It

million m

11

tt it

11.2 "

7.0 \

5.60 . I.05

Q.35

i

4.2 1.68 1.68 ,-. O.84 0.112 0.012 0.003 O.O34 0.024

O.O84

0.269 2,240 120

2,375 15

0.308 0.0^)4 0.042- 0.012 O.416 0.051 0.009 0.007 0.002

0.069

18.2 11.2

8.96 \.

1.68 .

0.56; ..

7.0

2.80 2.80- . .- .1-40- ■

0.179

0.019 0.005 ' 0^056

O.O4O :

0.014 ;

■ 0.313 3?58O ■

190-

3?795 ' 25

0.491

0.090 0.070

■ 0.020 O.67I 0.081 0.015 0.012 0.003 0.111

14:7 9-1 .7-28

■ 1.36 . O.46

-. 5-6

2.24

■ 2.24 - .1.12 0.146 0.015 .0.0.04'

■"O.O45

■ 0.032 0.011 0.252 2?920 150 20 3,090

0.400 0.072 O.O56 0.015 0.543 0.066 0.012 0.009 0.002 O.O89

Construction element ' .

Walling

Gabon

Material.

Red material

Concrete ."blocks and prefab.

"Asbestos cement sheets ' Other materials

1965

15 '

.40 ■

- 3>

40

Annex Page 9

Percentage

■ 197O--:-' ■

15

40 ■

5- ■""

40

I

"share

1975

15

40

■■■•5 ■■

40

I960

15

■40 5

40

Roofing Red materials

flooring

1

Drainage and irrigation

As.oestos cement sheets Concrete tiles

Concrete block fills for Other materials

Cement and granite tiles Red tiles

... Ceramic, tiles Others

Concrete pipes

Asbestos cement pipes Bed material pipes Stoneware jjipes Others

j 10 slabs 5

'80

20 10

-

70

30 5

-

65

5

10

i>

80.

. 20 10

. —

70

30

. 5

—

■ ■■ -

65

10 10

■ 29

70

25 10 '_

65

30

-3

—

- ■

65

10 10

■ 10 ■ . 70 .

30

■10 . .".

—

60

IQ

—

55

Annex I Page 10

Demand estimate of pipes in

Gabon

1970 1975 1980 1970 1975 1980,

■ % ■ Million US$

1. Investment in drainage &

services related to hous ing & building

2. Share of 1. in drainage

works alone 30%

3« Expenditure on the acquisi tion of pipe & drainage materials - 60% of 2 of which the-■ .share of pipes s

of whichs asbestos pipes concrete pipes

30 30

5

30 30

5

1970 1975

■ Tons

30 10

35

4.8

6.3

I.44 2.34 1-89

0.86 1.40 1.13 0.26 0.42 0.34

0.013 0,021 0.034 HO 175 2£

0.078 0.126 0.119 3?9OO 6,300 5,5c

1. Investment in G.E, & P.ft.

2. lixpen-diture on-the

acquisition _pf materials 60-/0 of 1

3. Share of drainage & pipe

materials? 7

of whichs asbestos pipes 5 concrete pipes 30

7 5 30

11

4.8 9..0 6,6

7 0.34 O.63 O.46

10 0.017 0.031 O.O46 140 260 3

35 0.101 OJ.89 oj.39 5*ooo 9?5OO 7,.c

Total''of s asbestos pipes concrete pipes

0.030 0.052 0.080 25O 435 ^

0.179 0.315 0.258 8,900 15,800 12,5.

^

Country* . Central African Republic

1.

2.

3.

4r 5..

6.

7.

8,

9.

10.

Investment' in", construction

Investment in housing and building

■-Expenditure on services and related activities, 30)t> of 2

-. itfet inve.staient in ..housing-and building

Unit million &

11

11

u

. Investment in residential building (2-^3) . "■

a. Low, cost-housing . ■ 80%._

b. Medium cost housing ' 15^0

c. High cost housing 5%

Investment in non-residential building :; a. Industrial building ■■ 40%

.. b. Education and health

building 40^0

c. Other .. . 20^b

Surface areas Low cost at US$ 50/m^

Medium51 " US$ 90/m^

: ■ High I! " .U5*120/mp Industrial US& 50/nu Educational US& 70/nip Other US&LOO/ni

Total, gross floor demand

Low cost houses at 50 mp/unit

■■Medium11-!- " " 100 m^/unit

..High "... " », 200 m /unit Total number of houses wall areas Houses

Industrial buildings ' Educational buildings .. Other types

Total

flail volumes Houses ■ ■ "7 Industrial buildings Educational buildings

Other t^es '

Total . .

■»

1!

M

IJ

.... tl

11 II

II

' million m

it it n 11 11 11

Units

11

: ."

million m

1!

11 I!

■ ■ . It ■•' ■■ '

million m

■ !i' ■ ■

ti n

Page

1970

21

14

4.2 9.8

■ 6.3 5.04 0.95

0,32 3.5

■ I.40

I.40 0.70

'"■■ 0.101

0.011 0,003 0.028 0.020 0.007 0.170 2,020 110

2,145 15

0.278 O.O45 0.035 0.010 O.368

' O-O46

0.007

; 0.-006 0.002

■' 0.061

: 1 11

1975 37 24

7 16 10 8 1 .0 6 . 2 2 1 0 0 0 0, 0, 0, .0, 3 s

3, Oc 0.

0, 0.0

o0 0.

0.

0.

0.

.2

.8

.5 .40 .58

•53 .3

.52' '

O2 .26 .168 .018

»004 .050 .036 .013

.289

,360 180 20

■ 560

■ 461 ,080 018

O63

622 076 013 010 003 -112

1980

■• 38

' ■ --',8

11.4 2.6.6 16.8 13;4zL

2 [5 0

O.84

9»Q 3^92—' -^

3.22 I.96 0.26^

■ 0o02^

0,00;

0.07.5 0 ■■ 05f 0a02(

0*45^

5 3^"

' 2Q(

->■-

0.73'/

0.125 0*09'°

.. 0.02cS

; 0.98^

0.12J.

0,02;;

0,016 0.16;

Annex I Page 12

Central African liepublic

.Construction element1■

rtalling

Material

1967

Percentage share

1970 1975 1980

Red material 10

Concrete "blocks and

prefab. . ..■'■. 25

Asbestos cement sneets - Other materials "■ 65

10

-15

30

■55

30-

55

Roofing Eed materials

Asbestos cement sheets Concrete tiles

Concrete block fills for slabs

Other materials

■ 5 5

5 ' 5 80

5

' "5"

5 5

80 -

■ 5

.10

5

5 75

-■■■ 5

10

. 5

5

75

Flooring Cement and granite tiles 20

Red tiles 10

Ceramic tiles -

Others . 70

20 10

70

20 10

70

25

10

65

'Drainage and irrigation

Concrete jyipes

Asbestos cement pipes Red material pipes Stoneware pipes . Otaers

15 5

..-

1

80

15

5

■

-

80

20 10.

_.

-

70

25

10

-

-

fcs!i^^

Annex I Page 13

pipes in,

Central African Republic

1. Investment in "-drainage

services related to

housing & building • 2. Share-of ly in drainage

"works alone

1970

3•■ Expenditure -pn the

aoquisition of pipe &

drainage materials'-"

60fodf 2, ■-■-

of-which the share of

pipes!

of which % asbestos pipes

concrete pipes

"' ' ' '' v "™ ^i

1. Investment- in C.£, and P.if.

2. Expenditure on the acquisi tion- of materials 'SOfo of 1.

3- Share of. drainage <&'pipe

materials' - •

of whichs asbestos pipes

concrete''pipes

Total of asbestos pipes

.concrete pipes

5 7 15

10

7

20

I960 1970 19?5 1980 1970 1975 1980

■ ' Million US*- - ■ ™ ? ■ *

30

■ 5 15

■30 . ■■ 10 20

30 10

25

1 25

4,2 7.2 11*4

1.26 . 2.16 3>(42.

°.76 I.30 2.05 . ■

0.011 0.039 0.062 90. 325^ 520 O.O34 0.078 O.I35 1,700 -3,990 '-6,-800

7

4".

13

²⁰

0.29-..,.0.55 -0*841 ' '

0.015 0,055 O.O84 ■ 125 ■ 460 700

0.044 0-110 0.210 2,200 5?5QQ 10,500

0.026 ,0.094 O.146 215 ^785 1,220

O.O78 0.188- 0.345 3,900 9,400 17,300

Annex I Page 14

Countrys Congo .(Brazzaville)

_Unit " 1970

1975

¹⁹⁸⁰

xo

1. Investment in1construction

2. Investment in housing and. "building 3. Expenditure on services and related

activities* 30/-' of 2

4# tfet investment in housing;, and building(2-3)

5* Investment in residential building a. Low cost housing 80%

b. Medium cost housing 15%

o. High cost housing 5%-;

6, Investment in non-residential building a- Industrial building.

b« Education and health building

c. Other"

Surface area:

20Ja

Low cost at US$ 50/m?

o

Medium" ■ "■ US$ 90/m^

High " "

Industrial

. Educational US$ 70/m?

Other US$10Q/m

. Total gross floor demagad .■

o - ■

8. Low cost houses. at...5O m?/unit Medium" " " 100 m /unit High' " '.•; » 200 m /unit

Total number of houses tfall area;

Total Wall volume

Total

Houses

industrial buildings Educational buildings Other tjpes

i Houses

Industrial buildings Educational buildings Other types

million 1

it

it it

-3) "

II

11

It

11

It ' million m

!f II

It II

tt

■ Units

M 11 It

million m2

tt .

ii it

million m

u

ii u

20 13

3-9 . . 9-1

5.6

4.48 0.84

0.28

3.5

1.40 ... 1.40 0.70 0.090 0.009 0.002 0.028 0.020 0.007

rs8oo 90 10 1,900 . 0.246 0.045 0.035 0.010 0.336 0.041 0.007

0.002

■ 0.056 27 18

5.4 13.6

7.7

■6,16 1.16

O..39 4.9

1.96 : 1.96 O.98 0.123 0.013 0.003

0,039

0.028

0.010 0.216- 2,460

■ 130 2?6Q515 0.337 0.062 O.O49

0,014

O.462 O.O56 0.010 0.008 0,002 O.O76

40

. 26 ■ :

7.8 18,2 -11.2 8.96 1.68

7=0 2D80 2*80- 1.40

0,179

0.019 . 0.005 O.O56 0.040 0.014

' '0,313 3,580

190

3,795

25 O.491

0.090 0.070 0.020

0,671

■0.081 0.015 0,012 0.003 0,111

Construction element Walling

Congo (Brazzaville)

.Material 196~7

Red material \o

Concrete "blocks and'prefab." 40

Asbestos cement sheets 5

-Other materials 45

Annex I Page 15

P«rae»iag§ share

1970 197.5 1980

15

40 5 ■

40

■ 15

■ .45.

5

35

15'

50

' -5

. 30

-—*.".*ei . iiou ijiaueria±s

- ' '■■ ■ ;". Asbestos cement sheets Concrete* tiles *

■ Concrete block .fills for

, - ■ slabs

' ■ Other materials

Flooring , Cement and granite tiles

Red tiles

Ceramic tiles ■ ■

Drainage and Concrete"pipes * irrigation / V ■ i ■" ■■■■■-.

.... . .Asbestos, cement pipes ■ ■■■

Red material pipes

■ ■ Stoneware pipes1

Others ' '

5

15

5

5

70

20 5

75

25

20

—

-

55

5

15 ■ ■

5

■5

70

• 20 .. ,

5

^;^.

25"

20

_

-

55 ■ :■

20

.5

10 60

5 ■

■ -

25

20

-

55--

5

- .20

■5 10- 60

■ • 30 ■ ■ ■ ' 5'

■; 65

20

_ • !

55

Annex I Page 16

Demand estimate of pipes in drainage' and irrigation v-rorks

n ".,_ '! ..ri. s - .-1970 -1975 ■ 1980 1970-1975^1-980 1970 T975: " 1980

Congo (Brazzaville) |fV Million US* . Tons

1. Investment in drainage &

services related to housing & building', . 2. Share of 1. in drainage

works alone

3.9 -^5.4 ':■• :7-8

1.62 2.34

3. Expenditure on the acquisition of pipe

& 'drainage materials - 60$ of 2.

of which the snare of

pipes % ' 30.

of whichi asbestos pipes 20

30 30 20 20

0-70 0.9T 1-40

0,21 O.29 O.42

0.042 O.O58 O.O84 350 ^{48O 700}

concrete pipes 25 25 25 O.O53 0.073 0.105 2?7O0 3?7OO 5)300

1. Investment in C.E. & P.W, 2. Expenditure on the

acquisition of materials 6Q°/o of 1 .

3. bhare of drainage & pipe

materials! 7

of which: asbestos pipes 20 concrete pipes 25

7

20

25

20

14

4.2 5.4

0.29 0.38 0.59

O.O59 O.O76 0.118 490 63O . 980 25 O.O74 O.O95 0.147 397OO 4?800 7>4OO

Total of asbestos pipes concrete pipes

0.101 O.I34 0,202 84O 1,110 1,680 0.127 0,168 0.252 6,400 8,500 12?700