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SUMMARY

PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION OF MAIZE

-!-

SOYA-BEAN DIETS IN LARGE WHITE AND HYPOR PIGS

Using

maize + cooked

soya-bean

diets

containing

y.5 p. 100crude

protein

and

o. 9 6

p. 100

lysine,

two

types

of substitution were studied with 16

pigs

per

diet,

fed semi ad libitum in indivi- dual pens between 25 and 103

kg

live

weight.

I

. Utilization of rich

lysine

maize

(1.

N. R. A. selections in progress at

Clermont-Ferrand)

and

/ or synthetic lysine.

The animals’

performances

were

similar,

but the carcasses were all the

more fat as the crude

protein

level decreased

(from

y.g to 15-1 p.

100 ).

The rich

lysine samples

seemed to be of limited interest

(maize percentage

of the diet increased from

71 .6

to

75 .8).

2

. Utilization of alcane

yeast (the

BP

company)

and fermented

rapeseed

oil meal. Diets

containing 8 3 .8

p. 100 maize and 13.2 p. 100

yeast

gave the same

performance

as the control

diets and better carcasses, even

though

the crude

protein percentage

was reduced to 16.2 p. 100 In the second case, the

growth

rate was reduced

(6 34 g/day

versus

7 6 1 g/day)

and the feed conver-

sion ratio was very

high ( 3 .88

versus

3 . 2 8).

Comparing

all the

diets,

«

Hypor

o

pigs

exhibited poorer feed intake and lower

growth

rates

than the

Large

White

pigs (equivalent

feed conversion

ratios),

their carcasses were much

better,

but some of them were very

damaged by

the

transport

towards the

slaughterhouse.

No interaction between diets and

types

of

pigs.

ESSAI DE REMPLACEMENT

DU

TOURTEAU

DE

SOJA

PAR LA

FÉVEROLE

DANS

L’ALIMENTATION

DU

PORC

EN CROISSANCE-FINITION

Y. HENRY D. BOURDON

Station de Recherches sur

l’Élevage

des

Porcs,

Centre national de Recherches

zootechniques,

I. N. R.

A.,

.,

78350

Jouy

en

Josas

RÉSUMÉ

Grâce à la

qualité

de ses

protéines

et

principalement

à la richesse de ces dernières en

lysine (6,5

à 7 g pour 16 g

d’N),

la féverole

peut

constituer une source azotée de

remplacement

pour le tourteau de

soja

dans l’alimentation du Porc. Deux

expériences

ont été réalisées sur des porcs

en

croissance-finition,

entre 25 et go

kg

de

poids vif,

dans le but d’étudier les

possibilités

de subs-

titution totale ou

partielle

du tourteau de

soja,

par la

féverole,

en association avec

l’orge

ou

(2)

le maïs.

D’après

les

résultats,

il

apparaît qu’en

début de

croissance,

c’est-à-dire

jusqu’à

50 on 6

0

kg

de

poids vif,

le taux d’introduction de la féverole doit être limité à 15 p. 100,

correspondant

à la moitié environ des

protéines complémentaires,

si l’on veut obtenir un

gain

moyen

pondéral

et un indice de consommation corrects. En

période

de

finition,

par contre, le porc semble tolérer

sans

risque

des doses

plus

fortes de féverole,

probablement

30 p. 100,

qui permettent

de

remplacer

la totalité du tourteau de

soja complémentaire.

Dans le cas d’une forte

incorporation

de féverole

dans la

ration,

surtout

pendant

le

jeune âge,

d’autres essais sont nécessaires pour déceler les

causes de sa moins bonne utilisation.

SUMMARY

UTILIZATION OF HORSE-BEANS AS A SUBSTITUTE

FOR SOYA-BEAN OIL M$AI,S IN GROWING-FINISHING PIG FEEDING

Horse-beans may be used in

pig feeding

as a substitute for

soya-bean

oil meal because of their

protein quality

and their

high lysine

content

(6.5 -

7

g for

16 g

N).

Two trials were carried out on

growing-finishing pigs,

between 25 and 90

kg

live

weight,

in order to

study

the

possibilities

of total or

partial replacement

of

soya-bean

oil meal

by

horse-beans in the

diet;

these had to be limi- ted to 15 p.

ioo, i.e.

about half of the

supplementary protein,

to obtain favourable

weight gains

and

feed conversion ratios.

However, during

the

finishing period,

the

pig

seemed to

accept higher

levels of

horse-beans, probably

30p. 100,

allowing

total

replacement

of

soya-bean

oil meal. In the case of very

high

level of

incorporation

of horse-beans into the diet,

especially

for younger

pigs,

further trials would be necessary to determine the causes of their poorer utilization.

VALEUR NUTRITIVE DE

L’URÉE

COMME SOURCE D’AZOTE

INDIFFÉRENCIÉ

CHEZ LE PORC EN CROISSANCE

A.

RÉRAT

D. BOURDON Station de Recherches sur

l’Élevage

des

Porcs,

Centre national de Recherches

zootechniques,

I. N. R.

A.,

., 78350

Jouy

en

Josas

RÉSUMÉ

Les céréales sont

quantitativement

et

qualitativement

déficientes en azote pour le porc en

croissance ;

il est donc nécessaire de leur

adjoindre

des

compléments azotés,

bien

équilibrés

tels

que certains tourteaux

(soja notamment).

Ces

compléments présentent

toutefois un inconvénient

qui

est leur

prix élevé,

et l’on

peut

se demander si des sources

synthétiques

d’azote telles que l’urée

ou certains acides aminés ne

permettraient

pas d’atteindre le même but à meilleur

compte.

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