• Aucun résultat trouvé

Convergence of MCEM and Related Algorithms for Hidden Markov Random Field

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2023

Partager "Convergence of MCEM and Related Algorithms for Hidden Markov Random Field"

Copied!
18
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

HAL Id: inria-00072479

https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00072479

Submitted on 24 May 2006

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- entific research documents, whether they are pub- lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Convergence of MCEM and Related Algorithms for Hidden Markov Random Field

Nathalie Peyrard

To cite this version:

Nathalie Peyrard. Convergence of MCEM and Related Algorithms for Hidden Markov Random Field.

RR-4146, INRIA. 2001. �inria-00072479�

(2)

ISSN 0249-6399 ISRN INRIA/RR--4146--FR+ENG

a p p o r t

d e r e c h e r c h e

THÈME 4

INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE

Convergence of MCEM and related algorithms for hidden Markov random field

Nathalie Peyrard

N° 4146

Mars 2001

(3)
(4)

Unité de recherche INRIA Rhône-Alpes

655, avenue de l’Europe, 38330 Montbonnot-St-Martin (France)

Téléphone : +33 4 76 61 52 00 — Télécopie +33 4 76 61 52 52

!+$ 0+1

2+3547683:9<;>=@?A=CBED73FDHG

I JLK1MONPRQTSVUWMXLY[Z)\]U_^C`N1\/^bac\]U_MOU[deZf\eUW^b`

g Ndihcdi\eKjMNHdk^CMa5Y_N1lVNHd

mone^bpqN\U[d]r

s/Zfa5aF^Cni\ g Nn]Njk"JLNjn]k"J5Nt`:uP5vjPCwxQ yzZfn"drf{C{LvAQv1Pa5Zf|CNjd

}~!€j1‚)ƒL„fC… I J5Ny@^b`†\eNˆ‡ZbneYW^‰ŠyŒ‹<y‡Š‰ŽyxZfYW|b^bn]U_\eJLMU[dZ%dq\]^ck"J5Zbdi\eU[k‘bN1n"deU_^C`x^f’Š\eJLN“‰Šy”ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM–X5deU_`5|

y‡y‡—MN1\eJL^ g dA\e^+ZfaLa5ne^7lcUWMOZf\eN\]JLNOk^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfY g U[dq\]neUW˜LXc\]U_^C`z^f’8\]JLNJLUg5g N1` g Z)\"ZL™›šœ`@\eJLNOk^C`†\eNlV\›^f’ŽJLUgLg Nj`

yzZbneC^)‘zž5NjYg MO^ g NjY•Ÿ ˜5ZbdeN g U_M“Zf|CNˆdeN1|bMONj`C\"Z)\]U_^C`¢¡\eJLN+˜FNjJ5Z7‘VU_^Cn^f’A\eJLU[dRZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM£J5ZbdR˜FNjN1`¤UWYWY_X5di\en"Z)\]N g UW`¥N1lVŸ

a:N1n]U_MON1`†\"ZfYEdi\eX g U_NHd/˜LXc\›Y_U_\i\]Y_N\eJLNj^bn]N\eU[k1ZbY¢n]NjdeXLY•\"dJ5Z7‘CN˜FNjN1`@Njdi\]Zb˜LYWUWdeJLN g ™Ššœ`%\]JLUWdAa5Zfa:N1nA`LN1¦—n]NjdeXLY•\"d^b`@y‡Š‰Šy

’§^bn¨a5Zfn"ZfMON1\eN1nANjdi\eUWMOZf\eUW^b`@^b’8\eJLNR^b˜5deN1n]‘bN g+g Z)\]ZM^ g NjYZbneNa5neNHdiNj`C\]N g ¡©deJL^)¦U_`5|O\eJ5Zf\¨XL` g N1nªdiXLU_\]Zb˜LYWNneNj|bXLY[Zfn]U_\qh

k^C` g U_\eUW^b`5d\eJLNdiNH«CX5N1`5k1N^f’/y‡Š‰Žy¬Njdi\eUWMOZf\eNHdk^C`V‘bN1n]|bNHd¨\e^xZ@M“ZflVUWMOU_­jN1nR^f’ \eJLNˆY_UWbNjY_UWJL^V^ g ^f’ \eJLNMO^ g N1Y>™z®

‘)Zfn]UWZb`†\ ^b’E\]JLNy@^b`†\]NR‡Zfn]Y_^Odq\]N1a%UW`\]JLNy‡Š‰Žy¯ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM°UWd/aLne^CaF^†diN g ¡cYWNjZ g U_`L|\]^R\]JLN±›N1`5N1n"ZfYWU_­jN g SVU_MRXLY[Z)\eN g

²U_NjYg ‹>±Sc²8ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM%¡cZf` g U_\/UWdAdiJL^)¦`\eJFZ)\ \eJLNª\q¦^OaLn]^Vk1N g X5neNHdŠJFZ7‘bNdiUWMOU_Y[Zfna5ne^CaFNjni\]U_NHd1™

³@´†µ©¶e·¸

‚)¹€C… º U

gLg

N1`»yzZfn]b^)‘n"Zf`

g

^CM”ž5N1Y

g

¡A‰ŠyZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM%¡Ay@^b`†\]N¼‡Zfn]YW^½deU_MRXLYWZf\eUW^b`5dj¡¨±›UW˜L˜5d%d]ZfMOaLYWN1nH¡

±›N1`5N1n"ZfYWU_­jN g ‰Žy¾¡LmoYWXL|bŸ>UW`%MN1\eJL^ g dj¡cšœM“Zf|CNªdeN1|CMON1`†\]Zf\eUW^b`¢™

(5)

 !#+$+¯-.A Š!#

€

…

ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5MNyz^b`†\eN1Ÿq‡ZbneYW^“‰Žy ‹<y‡Š‰ŽyxANjdi\¨X5`LN‘CN1n"diUW^b`@di\e^ck"J5Zbdi\eU[«†XLN

g

NRY

ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5MN‰Žy

g

Zb`5d

Y[Zb«†XLNjY_YWN/Y[Z g U[di\en]U_˜LXL\eUW^b`ˆk1^b` g U_\eUW^b`5`LN1YWY_N g Njd g ^b`5`1NHdŠkjZbk"JjNjd8NHdq\ ZfaLaLn]^7lcU_MjN/a5ZfnŠXL`LN¨M1\eJL^ g N g N/\qhVa:N›y ‡y‡¨™

›Zf`Fd Y_Nk^C`†\eNlV\]N g N›Y[ZOdiNj|bMON1`†\"Z)\eUW^b`M“Zfn]b^)‘VU_Nj`L`LN gUWM“Zf|CNb¡cYWNªk1^bMOa:^bne\eN1MONj`C\ g Nk1N\AZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5MNªZ\›UWYWY_X5di\en

g NM“Zf`LUWK1n]NNlca1n]U_MONj`C\"ZfYWNb¡FMOZbUWdAaFNjX g NRnHdiXLY_\]Zf\]d/\eJj^bn]UW«†XLNHd/di^C`†\ g U[dia:^b`LUW˜LYWNjdj™›Zf`5d¨kNn"ZfaLa:^bne\j¡ g N`5^bXL‘CNjZfX

njdeXLY_\]Zf\]doa:^bX5nŽYNHdq\]U_M“Z)\]U_^C` g NHdŽa5Zbn]ZbMOK\en]Njd g NAY[Z g U[dq\]neUW˜LXc\]U_^C` g NHd g ^C`L`jNjdo^C˜5deN1n]‘1NHdode^b`†\ŽaLnjdeN1`†\Hd1¡†MO^b`†\en"Zf`†\

«†XLNde^bX5d g Njd8k^C` g U_\eUW^b`5d!n"ZfU[de^b`L`5Zb˜LYWNjd g Nnj|bXLY[Zfn]U_\b¡)Y[ZªdiX5U•\]N g NHdq\]U_M“Z)\]N1XLn"d8y‡Š‰Žy k1^b`V‘bNjne|CNŽ‘bNjn]dYWNM“Z)lcU_MOU[diNjXLn

g NŽY[Z/‘Vn]ZbUWdeN1MR˜LY[Zf`5k1N g XMO^ g K1YWNb™"!/`LNŠ‘)Zfn]UWZb`C\]Noa:^bXLnY\"Zfa:NŠy g NŽY ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLMONŽy‡Š‰Žy Njdi\aLn]^ba:^Cd1NC¡7«†XLUVk^C` g XLU_\

#

XL`RZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLMON g X%$&('*)+,.-/)02143657398:39;'*1<-=,>3‹>±Sc²8EN1\UWYVNjdi\MO^C`C\]n«†XLNŠYWNjd g NjXclaLn]^Vk> g X5neNHdE^C`C\ g NjdaLn]^ba5neU?\jd

deUWMUWY[ZfUWneNHd1™

@¸ H€ ¶ „A €x… ‡ŠJ5ZbMa g NOyzZfn]b^)‘%k1ZCk"Jb¡¢®AY_|C^bn]U•\]JLMON‰Žy¾¡¢deUWMXLY[Z)\]U_^C`5d g Nyz^b`†\eN1Ÿq‡ZbneYW^5¡BŽk"J5Zb`C\]U_YWYW^b`L`LNjXLn g N

±›UW˜L˜5dj¡5®AY_|C^bn]U•\]JLMON›‰Šy |C1`jn]ZbY_U[db¡cyD\]JL^ g Njd g Nª\qh†a:NaLYWXL|fŸ UW`¢¡5SVN1|CMON1`†\]Zf\eUW^b` gUWM“Zf|CNb™

(6)

! "

RE!“+o

šœ`+\eJLU[d/aFZfa:N1nH¡L¦ŠNZ gLg n]Njd]d\eJLNa5ne^C˜LY_NjM ^b’a5Zbn]ZbMON\eNjnNjdi\eUWM“Z)\eUW^b`+’§^Cn/JLUgLg N1`@yzZbneC^)‘“n]Zb` g ^CM(ž5NjYg d‹º yxs/²5d" ™

šœ`UWM“Zf|bN¨diNj|bMON1`†\]Zf\eUW^b`¢¡C\eJ5NjdeNAMO^ g N1Y[dŠZbneNAX5diN1’§XLYF\e^ g Njd]kn]U_˜:NAdea5Z)\]UWZbY g NjaFNj` g Nj`5kUWNjdŠ˜FN1\q¦ŠNjN1``5N1UW|bJV˜F^CneUW`L|aLU_lcN1Y[d1™

I JLNO‰8lca:Njk \"Z)\]U_^C`cŸ yxZ)lcU_MOUW­jZf\eUW^b`½‹‰ŽyxªZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM ‹¨N1MOa5di\eNjnj¡ ZfUWn g ¡¢Zf` g sXL˜5U_` v$#&%%bU[dZa:^)¦N1ne’§XLY\e^V^bY!’§^Cn

a5Zbn]ZbMN1\eNjnNHdq\]U_M“Zf\eUW^b`^C`RUW`5k1^bMOaLYWN\eN g Zf\]Z›aLn]^b˜LYWN1M“dj™' JLNj`Oa5Zfne\^b’5\]JLN g Z)\"ZAU[d!JLUgLg Nj`¢¡f\]JLN g UWneNHk \8k^bMOaLXL\]Z)\]U_^C`

^f’ \]JLNyzZflcU_MRXLM U_CN1YWU_J5^†^ g ‰Ždi\eUWM“Z)\]N‹y ‰ŠUWdRX5deX5ZfYWY_h `L^b\’§NjZCdiUW˜LYWNb™zs/Zf\eJLNjnj¡\eJ5N‰Žy ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM XFdiNHd\eJ5N

’Zbk\ \eJ5Zf\\]JLNk^CMa5Y_N1\eN g Z)\"Z g UWdi\en]U_˜5Xc\eUW^b`%k1Zb`ˆ˜:NdiUWMOaLY_Njn\e^ g NjZbY©¦U•\]J¢¡c\e^U_\eN1n"Z)\]U_‘CN1YWhk^CMa5Xc\eN›\eJ5Nªy ‰/™c‰ŽZCk"J

U_\eN1n"Z)\]U_^C`ˆU[d g UW‘†Ug N g UW`ˆ\q¦^Rdi\eNja5d$(!\eJLNª‰8lca:Njk \"Z)\]U_^C` ‹‰Š Zf` g \eJLNyzZflcU_MOUW­jZ)\]U_^C`‹<yx dq\]N1a5dj™8I JLNª‰di\eNja+k1^b`5deU[dq\"d

^f’ k^CMOaLXc\eUW`L|ª\]JLNNlca:Njk \"Z)\]U_^C`^b’F\]JLN/YW^b|bŸg Nj`5deU•\qh^b’F\]JLNAk^CMOaLY_N1\eN g Zf\]ZL¡†k^C` g U_\eUW^b`5ZbY_YWh^b`\]JLN^b˜5deN1n]‘bN gRg Z)\]ZªZb` g

ZOkXLn]n]N1`†\‘7ZbY_X5N›^b’E\]JLNa5Zfn"ZfMON1\eN1nH™!šœ`ˆ\]JLNy¯dq\]N1a¢¡V\]JLNa5Zbn]ZbMN1\eNjnU[dXLa g Zf\eN g ˜VhˆM“Z)lcUWMOU_­jU_`L|\]JLUWd N1lcaFNHk \]Zf\eUW^b`¢™

' JLNj`¤\eJ5NMO^ g N1Y’§^Cn\]JLNJ5UgLg N1` g Z)\]ZU[dRZyzZfn]b^)‘ n]Zb` g ^CM žFN1Yg ¡o‰Žy UWd g U)kXLY_\R\]^ kjZfn]neh ^bXL\j¡ g XLN\e^\eJ5N

k^CMOaLY_N1l¤dq\]neX5k\eXLn]Nˆ^b’\eJLU[dRM^ g NjY<™¼šœ`¾\]JLN+‰ di\eN1aE¡!\eJLN%k^CMa5Xc\]Zf\eUW^b`¤^b’\eJLN%k^C` g U_\eUW^b`5ZbYŠyzZbneC^)‘ g U[dq\]neUW˜LXc\]U_^C`

U[dU_`V‘C^bYW‘bN g ¡EZf` g U[dU_`¼|CN1`LNjn]ZbY8`L^f\\]n]ZCk \]Zb˜LYWNb™®/`¾ZbY•\]N1n]`5Z)\]U_‘CNU[dª\]^@X5diN“y@^C`†\eN‡Zfn]YW^%deUWMXLY[Z)\]U_^C`5d›\e^%|bNj`LN1n"Z)\]N

n]NjZfYWUW­jZ)\]U_^C`5d^f’\eJLNk1^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfY JLUgLg Nj`+ž5N1Yg ™oI JLNN1lVa:Njk\]Zf\eUW^b`%U_`\eJ5N‰ dq\]N1a%UWd\]JLN1`%n]N1aLY[Zbk1N g ˜Vh\eJ5NN1MOaLUWneU[k1ZbY

MONjZb` ^b’Š\]JLNk^CMOaLY_N1\eN“YW^b|bŸg Nj`5deU•\qhC™I JLUWdUWdª\]JLN“aLn]U_`FkUWaLY_N“^b’Š\]JLNˆy@^C`†\eNˆ‡Zfn]Y_^%‰Žy ‹<y‡Š‰ŽyxZfYW|b^bn]U_\eJLM%¡ ž5n"di\

aLn]^ba:^CdeN g ˜†h*'NjUEZf` g IZf`L`5N1n‹qv+##C{C ™

U_\i\]Y_N U[dV`L^)¦`»Zf˜:^bXc\+\eJ5N¼k1^b`V‘bNjne|CN1`5k1N@aLn]^ba:N1ne\eUWNjd^f’y ‡Š‰Žy ’§^Cn º yzs/²Fd1™,' J5N1`»U_`—Z gLg U•\]U_^C`\e^½\eJ5N

a5Zbn]ZbMN1\eNjn.-^f’V\eJ5NŽ^b˜FdiNjne‘CN g›g Z)\"ZMO^ g N1Y>¡j\]JLNŠdea5Zf\eU[ZfYfa5Zbn]ZbMON\eNjn¢^f’V\]JLNŠyzZbneC^)‘ g U[dq\]neUW˜LXc\]U_^C`J5Zbd \e^/˜:NŽNHdq\]U_M“Z)\]N g ¡

\eJ5NaLn]^b˜LYWN1M(U[d/«†XLU_\eNk1^bMOaLYWNl+Zb` g \eJLNjneNU[dYWU•\e\eYWN\eJ5N1^bn]N\]UWkjZfY n]NjdeXLY_\]dj™ošœ`+\eJLNkjZbdeNª¦JLN1n]Nª\eJLNdea5Zf\eU[ZfY¢a5Zbn]ZbMON\eNjn

U[d¨V`L^)¦`E¡‡Š^bMON1nZf` g ¨N1YWa‹>rf{C{b{CAk^C`5diUg NjneN g Z+dq\]^Vk"JFZbdi\eU[k‘bNjn]deUW^b`z^b’ЉŽy¾¡©\]JLNO‰Žy0/fy@mŽy'ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM%¡©¦JLU[k"J

k^C`5deUWdi\]dª^b’ a5Y_XL|C|bUW`L|%Njdi\eUWM“Z)\eNHd^f’\eJ5Nk^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfY g UWdi\en]UW˜LXc\eUW^b`Fd1¡neNHdiXLY_\eUW`L|%’§n]^bM£Zˆ\]JLN±›UW˜L˜5dRdeZbMa5Y_Njnj¡¢UW`¼\eJ5N

’§^bn]MX5YWZA^f’c\eJ5N y dq\]N1a¢™®Ad]diX5MUW`L|¨\eJ5Zf\\]JLN dia5Zf\eU[ZfY†a5Zfn"ZfMON1\eN1nUWdV`L^)¦`¢¡H\]JLN1hNHdq\"Zf˜LYWUWdeJLN g \eJFZ)\8ZfYWM^†dq\!diX5neNjY_h›\eJ5N

‰Žy0/fy@mŽy Njdi\eUWM“Z)\eN^f’5\eJLN a5Zbn]ZbMN1\eNjn-ªk1Zf`R˜FNM“Z g N Zfn]˜LU_\en"Zfn]h›k1Y_^†diNŠ\e^¨\eJ5NЉŽy Njdi\eUWM“Z)\]Nb¡fU_’FZ›diX1)k1U_Nj`C\!`VXLM˜:N1n

^f’U•\]N1n"Z)\]U_^C`5dª^f’Š\eJLNZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLMZf` g ^f’Š\eJLNˆ±›UW˜L˜5dd]ZfMOaLYWN1nZbneNa:N1ne’§^bn]MN g ™Oš \MNHZf`5d›\]J5Z)\U_’\eJLNO‰Žy”Njdi\eUWM“Z)\]N

U[dAkYW^CdeN\]^“\eJLN\en]XLN‘)ZfYWXLNR^f’!\eJLNRa5Zfn"ZfMON1\eN1nH¡c\]JLN1`@\]JLN‰Šy0/)y@mŠyNjdi\eUWM“Z)\eNRJ5Z7‘bNª\]JLNRd]ZfMON`5UWk1Nk"J5Zfn"Zbk\eNjneU[dq\]UWkb™

š \Ra5ne^)‘VUg NjdªžFn]di\\eJ5N1^bn]N\]UWkjZfYon]NjdeXLY_\]d^b`¼\eJ5Ny‡Š‰Žy k^b`V‘CN1n]|bN1`FkNb¡diUW`5k1NU•\UWdaF^CU_`†\]N g ^bXL\RUW`¼\eJLU[dRZbni\]UWk1Y_N\eJ5Zf\

‰Žy0/fy@mŽy£U[dNj«†XLUW‘)ZfYWN1`†\ \e^O\eJ5Ny‡Š‰Žy¯ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM%™

šœ`\]JLU[d a5Zfa:N1nH¡c¦ŠNªk^C`5deUg NjnZCd¦ŠNjY_Y:\eJFZ)\ \eJLNdea5Z)\]UWZbY©a5Zfn"ZfMON\]N1nUWd V`L^)¦`E¡VZb` g ¦NªZ g ^Cac\/Z g U2©N1n]N1`†\a:^bUW`†\^f’

‘VU_Nj¦¥\]^Njdi\]Zb˜LY_U[deJ`5N1¦ Zf` g MO^bn]N |bNj`LN1n"ZfYcn]NjdeXLY_\]d8^C`R\]JLN/k^C`V‘bN1n]|bNj`5kN^f’ y‡Š‰Žy¤™CI JLN/˜:N1JFZ7‘†UW^bn!^b’:\]JLU[doZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM

U[dneNjYWZf\eN g ¦U_\eJ \eJFZ)\^f’Zz±›N1`5N1n"ZfYWU_­jN g ‰ŽyT‹<±›‰Žyxˆ‹deN1N¨N1MOa5di\eN1nH¡ ZfUWn g ¡EZf` g s/XL˜LUW`v+#%%f ¡EU_`¼^bn g Njnª\e^%X5deN

\eJ5N“\eJLNj^bn]N\]UWkjZfY8n]NjdeXLY•\"dªV`L^)¦`¾Zf˜:^bXc\\]JLNjdeNZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM“dj™y@^bn]NOaLn]NjkU[deN1YWhb¡k1^b` g U•\]U_^C`5dZfn]NO|bUW‘bNj`x\]^@N1`5deXLn]NO\eJ5Zf\

¦U_\eJaLn]^b˜FZf˜LUWY_U_\qh¥^C`LN@\]JLNzYW^b|fŸ YWU_CN1YWU_JL^V^ g diNH«†XLN1`5k1N@UWd`L^b\ g Njk1neNHZbdeN g Zf` g k^b`V‘CN1n]|bNjdj™ š \+UWddiJ5^)¦`½\]JLN1`\eJ5Zf\

XL` g N1ndiX5U•\"Zf˜LYWNn]N1|CXLYWZbneU_\qh%k^b` g U•\]U_^C`5dj¡F\]JLNOy‡Š‰Žy Njdi\eUWMOZf\eNOk^C`†‘CN1n]|bNHd/ZfYWMO^Cdi\›deXLneNjY_h+\]^Z+dq\"Z)\eUW^b`FZfn]ha:^bUW`†\›^Cn

ZM“ZflVUWMOU_­jN1n›^f’o\]JLNOY_^C|fŸ Y_UWbNjY_UWJL^V^ g ^f’8\]JLNO^b˜5deN1n]‘)Z)\eUW^b`Fd1™ªI JLNjdeNn]NjdeXLY_\]dªk1Zb`z˜:NRN1l†\]N1` g N g \]^+Zb`Vh+‘)ZbneU[Zf`†\¨^b’o\eJ5N

y‡Š‰Žy ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLMtX5deU_`L|Zªy‡y ‡¼MON\]JL^ g \]^ZfaLa5ne^7lcUWMOZf\eNŽ\eJLN/k1^b` g U_\eUW^b`FZfYcaLn]^b˜5Zb˜LUWY_U_\eUWNjd!^b’FUW`C\]N1n]Njdi\j¡bZCd8di^V^C`ZCd

\eJ5NZfaLa5ne^7lcUWMOZf\eUW^b`5d k1^b`V‘bNjne|CN/\e^\eJLNª\]neXLN‘)ZbY_XLNHd1™Ššœ`%a5Zfne\eU[kXLY[ZfnH¡c¦NaLne^)‘CN›\eJLNk1^b`V‘bNjne|CN1`5k1N¨^b’\]JLNR±›N1`5N1n"ZfYWU_­jN g

SVUWMXLY[Z)\]N g ²U_NjYg ‹>±Sc²8 ¡ g N1n]U_‘CN g ’§ne^CM MONjZb`xžFN1Yg Ÿ>YWUWbNZfa5aLne^7lcUWM“Z)\eUW^b`Fd¨^b’Z@yzZbneC^)‘%ž5N1Yg ‹43:JFZf`L|¼v$##CrC ¡EZb` g

aLn]^ba:^CdeN g U_`x‡ŠN1YWN1XLl©¡F²L^bn]˜:Njdj¡LZf` g m!N1hVn]Zbn g ‹<rb{b{Lv7i™

I JLN›a5Zfa:N1n U[d^bn]|CZf`5U_­jN g ZCdŽ’§^CY_YW^)¦™!I JLNy‡Š‰Žy aLne^ck1N g XLn]NAU[d g Njd]kn]UW˜FN g UW`%SVNHk \]U_^C`+rc¡LZb` g U_\]d YWUW`LcdЦU_\eJ\eJ5N

‰Žy0/fy@mŽyZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM(Zf` g \]JLN±Sc²¥ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM(U[ddiJ5^)¦`UW`zSVNjk\eUW^b`5 L™Š‡Š^C`†‘CN1n]|bNj`5kN¨aLne^CaFNjni\]U_NHdZfn]NªNjdi\]Zf˜5Y_U[diJ5N g

UW`OSVNHk \]U_^C`P5™I JLN MON\eJ5^ g ddi\eX g U_N g ZbneNŠU_YWYWX5dq\]n]Zf\eN g UW`OSVNHk \]U_^C`76c¡)^C`RZ›dihV`†\eJ5N\eU[kNlLZfMOaLYWNŽ^b’FUWM“Zf|bNdiNj|bMON1`†\"Z)\eUW^b`E™

8 ! "#%$ ):9£ +-.AT++$ 0%

I JLNˆk1^b`†\eN1lV\^f’ \eJ5UWd¦Š^CneUWdU_M“Zf|CNdiNj|bMON1`†\"Z)\eUW^b`E™+I JLNk^bMOaLYWN\]N g Zf\]ZzZbneN g Nj`L^f\]N g<;=?>A@B ¡!¦JLN1n]N = U[d\eJ5N

^b˜FdiNjne‘CN g UWM“Zf|bNªZf` gC@ n]N1aLn]NjdeN1`†\"dŽ\]JLNªXL`L^C˜5diNjne‘CN g a5U•lcN1Y[d kY[Zbd]diU_žFk1Zf\eUW^b`¢™!I JLNªJLUgLg Nj`žFN1YgC@ ¡LZbd ¦N1YWY Zbd = ¡LZfn]N

g N1ž5`LN g ^b` ZžF`LU•\]NdeN\^b’ŠdiU_\eNHd1¡D¡¢k^bn]n]NjdeaF^C` g UW`L|“\e^+\]JLNRa5U•lcN1Y[d›^f’Š\eJLNU_M“Zb|bNb™š ’o\eJLNO`VXLMR˜FNjn›^b’ŠkY[Zbd]deNjd¨UWdFE¤¡

\eJ5Nk^CMa:^b`5N1`†\]dHGI >JLK D¤\"ZfCN‘7ZbY_X5NjdUW`NMO >$PQP$P> ESRC™8šœ`zyzZbneC^)‘“M^ g NjY•Ÿ ˜5ZCdiN g UWM“Zf|bNdeN1|CMNj`†\]Z)\]U_^C`¢¡V\eJ5Npq^bUW`†\

TTVUXW1YZY[

(7)

a5ne^C˜5Zf˜LUWYWU•\qh

g

U[di\en]U_˜LXL\eUW^b`%^f’

@

deZf\eU[dqžFNjd\eJ5Nª’§^bYWY_^)¦UW`L|aLne^CaFNjni\]U_NHd1¡

1> H; I @I I B ; IG I"! I#!B>

$1> % ;&B'& ( >

¦J5N1n]N

I

g N1`L^b\eNjdZOn]NjZbY_UW­jZf\eUW^b`^f’\eJLNžFN1Yg n]Njdi\en]U[k\eN g \]^ D)M J R

M* K D >*,+

JRZb` g.-S;JB g Nj`L^f\]Njd\]JLNdeN\

^b’Š`LNjU_|CJV˜F^Cn]dª^b’ J ¡ZCk1k^Cn g U_`L|\e^+\]JLN“`LN1UW|bJV˜:^bn]JL^V^ g dehVdi\eNjM g N1ž5`LN g ^C`D™I JLN º ZfMOMON1n"deY_NjhCŸi‡ŠYWU2©^bn g \]JLN1^CneNjM

di\]Zf\eNHd\]J5Z)\R\eJLNjneNUWdZf`¤NH«†XLU_‘)ZbY_Nj`5kN˜FN1\q¦ŠNjN1`¾\]JLN+Zb˜F^)‘CN g N1ž5`LU_\eUW^b`¤^b’/\eJLNpq^bUW`†\aLn]^b˜FZf˜LUWY_U_\qh g UWdi\en]UW˜LXc\eUW^b`¥^f’AZ

yxZfn]b^)‘On]Zb` g ^CM°ž5N1Yg ¡5Zb` g ZO±›UW˜L˜5d g UWdi\en]UW˜LXc\eUW^b`E¡

;&B

/10325467

;98:S;B B>

¦J5N1n]N : U[d¢\]JLN di^bŸ kjZfYWY_N g N1`LNjne|ChA’§XL`Fk \eUW^b`E™I JLNŠ^b˜5deN1n]‘bN gg Z)\"Z =

M<;I> JK DLRŠZbneNdiXLa5aF^†diN g \e^¨˜FNU_` g N1a:N1` g N1`†\

k1^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfYWY_h“^C` @ ¡5Zb` g \eJLNk1^b` g U_\eUW^b`FZfY g U[dq\]neUW˜LXc\]U_^C`%UWd ^b’\]JLNª’§^bYWY_^)¦UW`L|R’§^bn]M

=

;?> @

> - B @

IA

= I ;?B IG I I> - B> ‹ivH

¦J5N1n]Nª\eJLNk^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfY g N1`5deU_\eUWNjd

= I d¨Zfn]NaF^†diU_\eUW‘bNRZf` g%g NjaFNj` g ^b`zZOaFZfn"ZfMON\]N1n -“UW`DC1EGFHJIC™ šœ`@XL`5deXLa:N1n]‘VUWdeN g

UWM“Zf|CN¨deN1|bMONj`C\"Z)\]U_^C`¢¡b\]JLN›|b^CZbY5U[d g ^bXL˜5Y_N(NHdq\]U_M“Zf\eN/\]JLNªa5Zfn"ZfMON1\eN1nŠ^f’ \]JLNªM^ g NjY<¡cZb` g n]Njk1^)‘bN1no\eJLN›JLUgLg N1`+kY[Zbd]diU_Ÿ

ž:k1Z)\]U_^C`¢™8I JLNN1`5N1n]|bhO’§XL`5k\eUW^b` : M“Z7h g N1a:N1` g ^C`%Za5Zbn]ZbMON\eNjnj¡V¦JLU[k"J+¦ŠNjU_|CJC\"d\eJLNYW^ck1ZbY¢dia5Zf\eU[ZfY g NjaFNj` g Nj`5kUWNjdj™

š \"d/NHdq\]U_M“Z)\]U_^C`@UWdA`L^f\ªZf`@NHZbdeh\]ZCdi%Zf` g Z gLg d/\e^“\]JLNRk1^bMOaLYWNlcU_\qh^b’\]JLNa5ne^C˜LY_NjM%™ I J5ne^CXL|bJL^CXc\/\]JLUWdAa5Zfa:N1nH¡F\eJLU[d

aFZfn"ZfMON\]N1n UWddeXLaLa:^CdeN g V`L^)¦`+Zf` g U[d `L^f\/MON1`†\]U_^C`LN g U_`+\]JLN`L^f\"Z)\]U_^C`¢™8I J†XFd1¡c\]JLNMO^ g N1Y a5Zbn]ZbMON\eNjn UWd -5™

I J5N¨‰Žy£ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5M U[d ZaLn]^ckN g XLn]NA¦Ug N1YWhX5deN g ’§^bna5Zfn"ZfMON\]N1nNjdi\eUWM“Z)\eUW^b`¦JLN1`a5Zfne\Š^b’E\]JLN g Z)\]ZRU[dŠMOU[dedeUW`L|5™!š \

ZbU_M“dZf\ M“ZflVUWMOU_­jU_`5|R\]JLNYW^b|fŸ YWU_CN1YWU_JL^V^

g

^b’\]JLNMO^

g

N1Y

K ;- >L> B NM"OQP % ;> - B > ‹>rb

˜VhM“ZflVUWMOU_­jU_`5|¨U_\eNjn]Zf\eUW‘bN1YWhª\eJ5N k1^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfYcN1lVa:Njk\]Zf\eUW^b`^b’5\]JLN/k^CMa5Y_N1\eN Y_^C|fŸ Y_UWbNjY_UWJL^V^ g ™Ey@^CneNaLn]Njk1UWdeN1YWhb¡)U_’-

"R

0S2

!

U[d\eJ5NkXLn]neNj`†\ NHdq\]U_M“Zf\eNª^f’\eJLNaFZfn"ZfMON\]N1nZ)\U_\eN1n"Z)\]U_^C`UT 8 Ob¡V\]JLUWdA«CXFZf`†\eU_\qhU[d

V ;-W-

"R

032

!B F

%X

M#OP H;?> > @ - B = >> -

"R

0S2

!ZY

P ‹ C

®¨dedeXLMON\]J5Z)\/’§^Cn¨ZbY_Y.-[EUW`\CR¡ V ; P X-Q[B JFZbdAZO|CY_^C˜5ZfYEMOZflcU_MRXLM*Zb` g \eJFZ)\AU_\AU[d/XL`LU[«†XLNb™/I J5N1`¢¡FU•\]N1n"Z)\eUW^b`]TO^b’\]JLN

‰Šy£ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM°U[d g UW‘†Ug N g UW`\q¦Š^“di\eN1aFdQ(

^L_`

Ÿ di\eNja.(އŠ^bMOaLXc\]N V ;-W-

"R

0S2

!B ¡

^ @ `

Ÿœdi\eN1a("!Aa g Z)\eNª\]JLNkX5nen]N1`†\Njdi\eUWM“Z)\eNª^b’ -\e^

-

"R

!

badcePgfhai6

j V ;-W-

R

032

! B P

¨U)k1XLY•\]U_NHd¨ZbneU[deNU_`@\]JLN‰ di\eNja@U_`z\eJLNkjZbdeN^f’8JLUgLg Nj`xyzZbneC^)‘“M^ g NjYWdj™š \¨UW`V‘b^CY_‘CNjd\eJ5NRk^CMOaLXc\]Zf\eUW^b`%^f’!\]JLN

k1^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfY¢a5ne^C˜5Zf˜LUWYWU•\]U_NHd ; I =

>> - R

032

! B ¡F¦JLU[k"J@U_` g X5kNHd/ZdeXLM ^)‘CN1n/ZfYWY \]JLNa:^Cd]diUW˜LYWNk^b`Lž5|bXLn"Z)\]U_^C`5d ^f’

\]JLN/žFN1Yg*@ ™!š \UWdŽ`L^f\Š\en"Zbk \"Zf˜LYWN/UW`|bNj`LN1n"ZfY>¡bZb` g Zfa5aLne^7lcUWM“Z)\eUW^b`Fd8Zfn]N/neNH«†XLU_n]N g ™® di^CY_Xc\]U_^C`“UWdo\e^RX5diN¨y@^b`†\eNª‡Zfn]Y_^

yxZfn]b^)‘‡ŠJ5ZfUW`5dª‹y‡y ‡ MN1\eJL^ g d\]^R|CN1`LNjn]Zf\eN›neNHZfYWU_­HZ)\]U_^C`5dŽ^b’¢\eJ5N¨\"Zfn]|bN1\ g U[di\en]U_˜LXL\eUW^b`¢¡LZb` g \]JLN1`@Zfa5aLne^7lcUWM“Z)\eN

\]JLNN1lVa:Njk\]Zf\eUW^b`‹ †ª˜Vhx\]JLNNjMa5U_n]UWkjZfYŠMNHZf`¢™@I JLNk^bn]n]NjdeaF^C` g UW`L|%aLne^ck1N g XLn]N“U[dk1ZbY_YWN g y ‡Š‰Žy¾¡ ‹deN1N ' N1UZf` g

IZf`5`LN1n›v$##b{C™±›UW‘bNj`\eJ5N¨‘)ZfYWXLN -

"R

032

!

k<l9mon

^f’ \]JLNªa5Zfn"ZfMON1\eN1nZ)\U•\]N1n"Z)\eUW^b`UT

8

Ob¡VU•\]N1n"Z)\]U_^C`pT^f’y‡Š‰ŽyU[d ZbdŽ’§^bYWY_^)¦/d$(

^ @1q ` Ÿœdq\]N1a.(8±›N1`5N1n"Z)\eNsr R neNHZfYWU_­HZ)\eUW^b`Fd ;T > O B>t;T >euB >$PQPQP$>t;T >r R B ^f’EZb`“N1n]|b^ g U[k/yzZfn]b^)‘Rk"J5ZfUW`“¦JL^CdeN/UW`V‘7ZbneU[Zf`†\

g UWdi\en]U_˜5Xc\eUW^b`+UWd ; =

>> -

"R

032

! B ™ŽScN\

V k l ;

-h-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

B O

r R kil

vw

x 2 M#OP

;?>>t;

T

>LyB

- B P

z?{ T|z}

(8)

^@ `

Ÿœdq\]N1a.( !/a

g

Zf\eN\]JLNkXLn]n]N1`†\NHdq\]U_M“Zf\eN^f’ -\e^

-

"R

!

k l adcePgfhai6

j V

kil

;-p-

"R

032

!

k l9mon B P

/^b\eN\]J5Z)\¨U•’8\]JLNRdea5Z)\]UWZbY¢a5Zbn]ZbMN1\eNjnJ5Z g \]^˜FNRNjdi\eUWM“Z)\eN g Zbd¦N1YWY>¡FUW`%\eJLN‰ dq\]N1azZbaLaLn]^7lVUWM“Z)\]U_^C`5d ^f’!\eJ5NaLn]^b˜5ZfŸ

˜LUWY_U_\eUWNjd ; =

>> -

"R

032

!

kilZmon

>

"R

0S2

!

kilZmon

B Zb` g. ;

R

032

!

k<l9mon

B ¦^bXLYg ˜FN`LNHkNHded]Zfn]hb¡V¦JLU[k"JUW`5k1neNHZbdeNjdŠ\eJLN g U)kX5Y•\qhC™

' N deXLaLa:^CdeN V k l ;

-p-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

B

JFZbd!ZAX5`LUW«†XLN|bYW^b˜FZfYVM“Z)lcU_MRXLMtUW` -L¡Cdi^¨\eJ5Zf\!\eJLNy*dq\]N1aU[d!¦N1YWY

g

Nž5`LN

g

™šœ`RaLn"Zbk\eU[kNC¡

\eJ5N›`VXLMR˜FNjn^f’U•\]N1n"Z)\eUW^b`Fd r R

k1Zb`‘)Zfn]h“¦U_\eJ]TV™ 'NjUEZf` g IZf`L`LNjn‹qv$##b{†on]Njk1^bMOMON1` g \e^“dq\"Zfne\¦U_\eJ@deM“ZfYWY:‘)ZbY_XLNHd1¡

Zf` g UW`5kn]NjZCdiNr R Zbd\]JLNNjdi\eUWM“Z)\eNF- R !

kil

|bN1\]dkYW^CdeN1n\]^O\eJLNM“Z)lcUWMOU_­jN1nH™š \/U[d/ZbYWde^Ra:^Cd]deU_˜LYWNª\e^“di\]Zbni\˜Vhn]XL`L`LUW`L|O\eJ5N

k"J5ZbU_` M ;T >Ly B R w

A ’§^bnZ˜LXLn]`cŸ U_`^f’ OU•\]N1n"Z)\eUW^b`Fd1¡©XL`†\eUWY!\eJ5Ndi\]Zf\eUW^b`5Zbneh g U[dq\]neUW˜LXc\]U_^C`xU[d›neNHZbk"JLN g ¡ Zf` g neN g Nž5`5N

V k l Zbd

V

kil

;-p- R

032

!

kilZmon

B O

r R

k l

v

wx 2

M#OP H;?> >e ;T >LyB - B P

®¦N1YWY:†`5^)¦`“NlLZfMOaLYWN/^f’Ey ‡y‡½MON\eJ5^ g ¦JLU[k"Jk1Zf`ˆ˜FN¨X5diN g UW`“\eJLN›y‡di\eN1aˆ^f’Ey‡Š‰Žy UWdŽ\eJ5N›±›UW˜L˜5ddeZbMa5Y_Njn

‹<±›NjM“Zf`Zb` g ±›NjM“Zf`¥v+#bP† ™›š \k^C`5diU[di\]d¨^f’Žn]XL`L`LUW`L|%ZˆyzZbneC^)‘+k"JFZfUW`z¦JL^CdeNR\en"Zf`5deU•\]U_^C`zaLn]^b˜5Zb˜LUWY_U_\eUWNjd›Zfn]N|CU_‘CN1`

˜Vh“\eJ5NY_^ckjZfY¢k"J5Zbn]ZCk \eNjneU[di\eU[k1dŠ^f’\eJLN g U[di\en]U_˜LXL\eUW^b`%^f’U_`†\eNjneNHdq\ %H; Ig @

I"!g

I#!

> = > > -

"R

032

! B ™oI JLn]^bX5|bJL^CXc\

\eJ5UWd¨a5Zfa:N1n¨¦ŠN¦U_YWYn]N’§Njn/\]^“\eJLU[d¨MN1\eJL^ g ’§^CnAUWY_YWX5di\en"Z)\]U_^C`¢™šœ`z^bX5nANlca:N1n]U_MONj`C\"d\]JLNRdeU_MRXLY[Z)\eUW^b`Fd/^f’!\]JLNRy‡»di\eNja

Zfn]Nk1Zbnen]U_N g ^CXc\X5diUW`L|\eJ5N±›U_˜L˜Fd/deZbMOaLY_Njn/Zf` g+g N1\]ZfUWY[d/Zf˜:^bXc\U_\]dUWMOaLYWN1MON1`†\]Zf\eUW^b`%Zfn]Nª|bUW‘bN1`+UW`%SVNHk \]U_^C`56L™

ª, #+$'&

šœ`O^bn g N1n!\]^aF^CU_`†\o^CXc\oY_UW`Lcd8˜:N\q¦N1Nj`R\]JLNAy‡Š‰Šy*ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLMZb` g ^f\eJ5N1nŽdi\e^ck"J5ZCdq\]UWk‘bNjn]deUW^b`5d^f’:\eJ5N‰Žy aLn]^Vk1N g X5neNC¡

¦Nˆk^CMaFZfn]N“\eJLNNjdi\eUWM“Z)\eN -

"R !

¡^C˜c\]ZbU_`5N g Zf’\eN1nR^b`LNˆU•\]N1n"Z)\eUW^b`¾^b’/‰Žy¾¡¦U•\]JS-

"R !

kil

¡!\eJ5Nˆ^b`5N^b˜c\"ZfUW`LN g Zf’\eNjn^b`5N

U_\eN1n"Z)\]U_^C`^b’ y ‡Š‰Žy¾¡¢¦JLNj`¾k^b`FdiU

g

N1n]UW`L|ˆ\]JLNd]ZfMON“kXLn]neNj`†\ª‘)ZbY_XLN -

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

\e^@UW`LU_\eU[ZfYWU_­jN“˜F^b\eJ¼MON\eJ5^

g

d1™‡Š^C`5diU

g

Njn

\eJ5N‘bNjk\e^Cn^b’!k1^b`

g

U•\]U_^C`5ZfY aLn]^b˜FZf˜LUWY_U_\eUWNjdj¡

"R !

M % ;G I

= > > -

"R

0S2

!

k

l9mon

B> J K D > K MO >QP$PQP> E?RR

M

"R

!

I > J K D > K MO >$PQP$P > E?R R P

I JLNª’§XL`Fk \eUW^b` V g NžF`LN g ˜Vhx‹ † k1Zb`˜:N¦neU_\i\]N1`

V ;-p- R

032

!

kilZmon

B F

%X M#OP

=

;> @ > - B =

>> -

"R

032

!

kilZmon

Y

F

% X

M#OP

;4@B = > > -

"R

032

!

k<l9mon

Y P ‹§PV

I JLN%diNHk^C` g \]N1n]M^b`¤\]JLN+neUW|bJ†\OJ5Zf` g Ÿ deUg Nˆ^f’¨Nj«†X5Z)\]U_^C` ‹P† g ^VNjd`L^f\ g NjaFNj` g ^C` -L™½I JLNˆžFn]di\R\]N1n]M%¡ g N1`5^f\eN g

; -W

"R

!

B

U_`+\eJ5NdiNH«CX5N1Y>¡

g

N1a:N1`

g

d^b` -

"R

032

!

^C`LYWh“\eJLn]^bX5|bJ

"R

!

¡5Zf`

g

kjZf`%˜FN›’§XLne\eJ5N1n/N1lVaFZf`

g N g

¡cX5deU_`5|%‹ivH¡

;-p

"R !

B v

IA

v x 2

"R!

I

M#OP

= I ;B IgGI

> - B P

š ’ DfU[d8\]JLN›`†X5M˜:N1nŽ^b’¢N1YWN1MON1`†\"doUW`*D¾Zf` g! UWdŽ\eJLN›diN1\ M K X( > O Y#"$"&%

('

J K D >*) x 2

I

OXR†¡C¦N/¦UWY_Y g Nj`L^f\]N

˜Vh + \]JLNª’§XL`5k\eUW^b`%^b` ¡c\"ZfVU_`5|R‘)ZfYWXLNHdU_`,CR¡L|CU_‘CN1`ˆ˜Vh

K, > + ; B

GadcePfhai6

j ;-W

B>

Zf` g + R.-

2 g Nj`L^f\]Njd T@k^bMOa:^CdeU•\]U_^C`5d^b’\eJLNˆ’§XL`5k \]U_^C`/+ˆ™xI JLNj`¢¡8^b`LNˆU•\]N1n"Z)\eUW^b`¾^b’ \eJLN‰Žy ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM%¡¦JLNj`¾\eJ5N

kX5nen]N1`†\‘)ZfYWXLNª^f’\eJLNa5Zbn]ZbMON\eNjn UWd - R

032

!

k lZmon

¡LU[d Nj«†XLUW‘)ZfYWN1`†\ \e^

-

"R

!

+ ;

"R

!

BP

‹6C

TTVUXW1YZY[

(9)

N\¾˜:Nª\eJLNUW`

g

U[k1Zf\e^Cn ’§XL`5k \]U_^C`%U_`NM ( >

OR

" "&%

¦U_\eJ%|bNj`LN1n]UWk¨N1YWN1MONj`C\

I ;&B

O > I

( > I+

P

I J5N›‘CNjk\e^bn^b’E\]JLNN1MOaLUWneU[k1ZbY¢k^C` g U_\eUW^b`5ZbY©’§neNH«CX5N1`5k1U_NHd UWd

"R! M

"R !

I > J K D > K MO >QP$PQP> E?RRC¡V¦U•\]J

R

!

I O

r R k<l

vwx 2 I ;;T >tyB BP ‹<wC

šœ`+\]JLNy‡Š‰ŽyZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5M+¡†\]JLNª’§XL`5k\eUW^b`+\e^“˜:NM“Z)lcU_MOUW­1N g UW`+\eJLN‰ di\eN1a%U[d

V k l ;-p-

"R

032

!

k<l9mon

B O

r R k l vw

x 2 M#OP

=

;?> ;T >tyB > - B O

r R k l vwx 2

M#OP

;;T >Ly BB P

º

N1n]N›Zb|CZbU_`¢¡†\]JLNdiNHk^b`

g

\eNjneM ^b`\eJLNªn]U_|CJC\ J5Zb`

g

ŸœdiU

g

N›^f’E\]JLU[d Nj«†X5Z)\]U_^C`

g

^VNHd `L^f\

g

NjaFNj`

g

^C`*-5™oI JLN›ž5n]di\\eN1n]M(U[d

NH«†X5ZfY©\]^

O

r R k l vwx 2

M"OQP

=

;?> @

;T >Ly B> - B v

I?A

v

x 2 R !

I M#OP

= I;B IGI

> - B

;-W

"R!

BP

²UW`5ZfYWYWhb¡

-

"R !

k l + ;

"R

!B P ‹%f

I JVX5dj¡©\eJ5NRXLa g Zf\eUW`L|%^f’ -˜†hzy ‡Š‰Žy XFdiNHdA\]JLN“deZbMON’§^bn]MX5YWZ\eJ5Zf\ªUW`z\]JLNO‰»di\eNjax^b’މŽy¾¡ ¦U_\eJ\eJLN“k1^b` g U_\eUW^b`FZfY

a5ne^C˜5Zf˜LUWYWU•\]U_NHdªneNjaLYWZCkN g ˜Vhx\eJLN“NjMa5U_n]UWkjZfYŽk1^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfY8’§n]Nj«†XLNj`5kUWNjdj™ˆI JLNy‡Š‰Žy ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5M–’§^bn º yzs/²Fd1¡XL` g Njn

\]JLNRZCdedeXLMOac\]U_^C`%\eJ5Zf\¨\]JLNRdea5Z)\]UWZbYEa5Zbn]ZbMON\eNjn/U[dAV`L^)¦`zZb` g ¦JLNj`@\eJLNOy‡»di\eNjazUWd¨k1Zbnen]U_N g ^bXc\›X5deU_`L|\eJLN“±›U_˜5˜5d

d]ZfMOaLYWN1nH¡ U[d›\eJVX5dNH«CX5U_‘)ZfYWN1`†\›\e^+\eJ5N“‰Žy0/)yzmŽy'ZfYW|b^bn]U_\eJLM–^b’‡Š^bMONjnªZb` g ANjY_a ‹<rb{b{C{C ™OI JLNOaLn]^ckN g XLneNU[dZfY[di^

k1Y_^†diNjY_h¼n]N1Y[Z)\]N

g

\]^x\]JLN‘CN1n"diUW^b` ^b’/\eJLN%di\e^ck"J5Zbdi\eU[kˆs/Njdi\e^bn"Z)\]U_^C`cŸ ‰Ždq\]U_M“Zf\eUW^b`¥ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM”‹ŠR^f’¨U[Zf`½Zf`

g

I U_\i\]N1n]U_`5|f\e^C`‹iv$##5vHo¦JL^CdeNAU_\eNjn]Zf\eUW^b`ˆU[d

g

NžF`LN

g

˜VhZRsNHdq\]^bn"Z)\]U_^C`ˆdq\]N1a¢¡cdeU_MOUWYWZbn\e^R\eJLNy‡ di\eNja^b’y‡Š‰Žy¤¡LZf`

g

Zb`‰Šdq\]U_M“Z)\]U_^C`@dq\]N1a g NžF`LN g ˜Vh

-

"R

!

baQctPfhai6

j

M"OQP

;> O

r R kil

vwx 2

;T >tyB >- B P

ScU_`5k1Nb¡c’§^Cn/y‡Š‰Žy

-

"R !

kil

GadcePgfhai6

j O

r R k l vwx 2

M"OQP

;> ;T >Ly B > - B >

y ‡Š‰Žy Zb`

g

n]N1aLn]NjdeN1`†\o\]JLNªdeZbMN¨aLn]^Vk1N

g

X5neN/¦J5N1`“\]JLNA’§X5`5k \]U_^C` M"OQP ;>

> - B

U[dŠY_UW`LNjZbnŠUW`“\]JLN¨‘)ZbneU[Zf˜LYWN ™

I J5N/XL` g NjneYWhVU_`5|Ug NjZUW`O\eJ5N¨y‡Š‰Žy ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM’§^bn º yzs/²FdŽU[d8\]^X5deNAy‡y ‡½MN1\eJL^ g dŽ\e^|bN\ Zf`ZbaLaLn]^7lVUWM“Z)\]U_^C`

"R

!

^b’\]JLNU_`†\]n]ZCk \]Zb˜LYWNªk1^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfY aLn]^b˜FZf˜LUWY_U_\eUWNjd

"R

!

Zb` g neNjaLYWZCkN›\eJ5N1M UW`+\eJLN‰Žy ’§^bn]MXLY[ZL™8š \Ak1^b`5deUWdi\]d ^b’E\]JLN

NjMOaLU_n]U[k1ZfY!’§n]Nj«†XLNj`5kUWNjd›’§^Cnª\eJLU[dZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM%¡¢˜LXc\^b\eJLNjnk"JL^bU[kNHdªk1Zf`¼˜:Nk^C`5diUg NjneN g Zf` g \]JLN“MON\]JL^ g |CN1`LNjn]ZbY_UW­1N g ™

I J5NjdeNxdq\]^ck"J5Zbdi\eU[k@‘bNjn]deUW^b`5dO^b’‰Žy ‹§UW`5k1Y_X g U_`L|y‡Š‰Žyxˆ¦UWY_Y›˜FNneN1’§N1n]neN g \e^½ZCdˆy‡Š‰Šy%Ÿ>YWUWbNxZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM“d1™t²L^Cn

UW`5di\]Zb`5kNC¡V\eJLN‘CNjk \]^bn

"R !

k1Zb`˜:NZfa5aLne^7lcUWM“Z)\eN g UW`ˆ\]JLNy‡ dq\]N1a%X5deU_`5|

"R!

|CU_‘CN1`+˜†h

5J K D

>9

K MO

>QP$PQP >

ESR

>

R

!

I O

r R k<l

vwx 2 ;G I @

I#!

I"!

;T

>LyB> =

>>

-

R

032

!

kilZmon

B P ‹C

z?{ T|z}

(10)

I JLNO`5Zf\eXLn]NO^f’\eJLU[dZfaLa5ne^7lcUWMOZf\eUW^b`UWd

g

U2©N1n]N1`†\ª\eJ5Zb`\]JLNy‡Š‰Žy'ZbaLaLn]^7lVUWM“Z)\]U_^C`¥‹w† ™“š ’ r R Ob¡

"R

!

n]N

g

X5kNHd

\e^ZDAUWn]ZCk g U[dq\]neUW˜LXc\]U_^C`¢¡|CU_‘VUW`L|@aLn]^b˜5Zb˜LUWY_U_\qhx^C`LNO\e^@n]NjZbY_UW­jZf\eUW^b` ;T > O B ¡¦J5UWk"J¾U[d`L^b\\eJLNk1ZbdeNO’§^bn

"R !

™%y@^bn]N

deaFNHkU_žFk1ZbY_YWhb¡8\]JLN%ZfaLaLn]^7lcU_M“Zf\eUW^b`¾^f’

"R

!

I g Nž5`5N g ˜†h ‹CRUWdR^b˜L\]ZfUW`LN g ˜Vh¤ZfaLa5ne^7lcUWMOZf\eUW`L|@\]JLNUW` X5N1`5k1N+^b’/\eJ5N

`LNjU_|CJ†˜:^bn]JL^V^ g ^f’aLU_lVNjY J ˜Vhx\]JLNdeU_MRXLY[Z)\eN g ‘)ZfYWXLN

I"!

;T > O B ™@I JLNkjZbdeNhr R

OJFZbd˜:N1Nj`¤dq\]X g UWN g UW`½‡ŠN1YWN1XLl©¡

²L^Cne˜:Njdj¡VZf` g m!N1hVn"Zfn g ‹<rf{C{Lv7 ¡bXFdiUW`L|\]JLN›±›UW˜L˜5dd]ZfMOaLYWN1noUW`“\eJ5N¨y‡di\eNja¢™8I JLN¨k1^bn]neNHdia:^b` g U_`L|ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM U[dŽkjZfYWY_N g

\eJ5NScU_MRXLYWZf\eN g ²U_NjYg ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM%™ ' JLN1` r R

O¨¡f\eJLU[daLne^ck1N g XLn]NަUWYWY†˜:N neN1’§N1n]neN g \e^ªZbdE\eJ5N±›Nj`LN1n"ZfYWUW­1N g SVU_MRXLY[Z)\eN g

²U_NjYg ‹<±Sc²8¨ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM%™›‡Š^C`V‘bN1n]|bNj`5kNn]NjdeXLY_\]d/’§^bn¨\eJLNy‡Š‰Žy Zb` g \]JLN±Sc² ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM“dAZbneN|CU_‘CN1`@UW`@\eJ5NR`LN1lV\

deNjk \]U_^C`¢¡LZf` g \]JLN1UWn˜:N1J5Z7‘VUW^bn UWdAk^bMOa5ZbneN g UW`zSVNjk\eUW^b`56c™

#! ¥& "&( ( 5 .! "#%$'&

šœ`%\eJ5UWd¨diNHk \eUW^b`E¡L\q¦^k^b`V‘CN1n]|bN1`FkNZbdeaFNHk \"d^f’!\eJ5NRy‡Š‰Žy@Ÿ>YWU_CNZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM“d/ZbneNdi\eX g U_N g ™²U_n"dq\]Y_hC¡5¦Nk^C`5deUg Njn\eJ5N

n"Zf` g ^CM a:N1ne\eXLn]˜5Zf\eUW^b`5-

"R

!

kil 8 -

"R

!

Z gLg N g Zf\AU_\eN1n"Z)\]U_^C`,T^f’oy‡Š‰Žy¯\]^“\eJ5N‰ŽyNHdq\]U_M“Z)\]Nb¡ g XLN\]^“\eJ5Ndq\]^ck"J5Zbdi\eU[k

Zfa5aLne^7lcUWM“Z)\eUW^b`O^b’:\]JLN/’§X5`5k \]U_^C`

V

™!š ’©\eJLU[d g U2©N1n]N1`5k1NAU[dŽdeM“ZfYWY<¡VZf`y‡Š‰Šy–U•\]N1n"Z)\]U_^C`“˜FNjJ5Z7‘bNHdoZbdŠZf`‰ŽyU•\]N1n"Z)\eUW^b`E™

šœ`a5Zfne\eU[kXLY[ZfnH¡H\eJLN `L^C` g NHkn]NjZCdiUW`L|A^b’5\]JLN Y_^C|fŸ Y_UWbNjY_UWJL^V^ g UWd8Z¨¦ŠNjY_YVV`L^)¦`RaLne^CaFNjni\qhª^b’5\eJ5N±›Nj`LN1n"ZfYWUW­1N g ‰Žy£‹<±›‰Žyx

aLn]^ckN g XLneNHd“‹¨N1MOa5di\eNjnj¡ ZbU_n g ¡!Zf` g sX5˜LU_` v+#%%f›¦JLU[k"J¼UWd\eJLNCN1h^f’ \eJLNjU_nRZfaLa:NjZbY_UW`L|@˜:N1J5Z7‘VUW^bnH™I JLN“\]JLN1^Cneh

Z7‘)ZfUWYWZb˜LYWNOZb˜F^CXc\R±›‰Žy ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM“dªUWdXFdiN

g

\]^@Njdi\]Zb˜LY_U[deJn]NjdeXLY_\]d^C`\]JLNk^C`V‘bN1n]|bNj`5kN^f’\eJ5Nˆy‡Š‰Žy'a5Zbn]ZbMON\eNjn

Njdi\eUWM“Z)\]Nb¡5Zb`

g

MO^CneNª|bNj`LN1n"ZfYWhO\e^\]JLNNjdi\eUWM“Z)\eNª^b’!ZOy‡Š‰Žy@Ÿ>YWU_CNZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM%™

"!#%$&(')$*+$,*#-/.

021 ´V¸ ‚ ´ 436587 F & 1/1:9 -/875 +:; + 9; -9, '*; ,>'-=,LA

;-< ; P B -=, 028(-/) C'*1>= 9 &'Q>;

-/8 @?

;

-/-< V

;P -[B -=, ' $

8-/8 0 0 , 028$Q - 8

8]CA= ; '*1/1-Q[ K C ?

;

-/-/-< + ; PB -=, '$

8 -/8(0

0 , 028:$- 8 8 @?

;

-< - %H;@ = > > - B ;4@ = >>- [B '*1<)

, >;

9 & >;B=L/& 98 - - [?

& >8=

; T K F >DC rFE K F ' r R & rFE > K ;- R

!

kil

>t> B 8 K ;-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

>t> B

(B O P

F -/8 '*--

8=

;

,< /& 1 5HG1<->1<-4& $ K ;- >L> B -=,AI 028A 'HI 8]C ?

9 -&+; I 'HI>-/1<- 8 -,JC-=, ,'D,LK>0 98:$A M r R R R A

,.0($&?/&('H& ,QLK90 >8$A 1 5:G 1<->1<-4& + *, M<K ;-

"R

!

k l

>t> B R R A

598 9;'XAMI & ?.L '*15 ;.-& )$ 8>; 5.,ON

P ‚ ¸¢¸RQ5 mon]^ba:N1ne\qh ;JB UWMOaLY_UWNjd\eJFZ)\\]JLN’§X5`5k \]U_^C`/+ ;PB U[d¦N1YWY g Nž5`LN g ¡oZbd¦ŠNjY_YZbd\eJLN+y¬dq\]N1a¤^b’/‰Žy¬Zb` g

\eJ5Nªy ‡ di\eN1a^f’!y‡Š‰Žy¾™LI JLNªNjne|C^

g

UWk1U•\qhO^f’\eJLNk"J5ZbU_` M

;

T

>Ly B R

2BS wS

k<l

|CN1`LNjn]Zf\eN

g

Z)\ U•\]N1n"Z)\eUW^b`UTUWMOaLY_UWNjd\]J5Z)\ ’§^Cn

N1‘CN1n]hO’§XL`5k\eUW^b`UT%^b`0MO

>QP$PQP>

E?R

" "¡

VW Mf

kil,XAY

O

r R kil

vw

x 2 T ;;T >tyB B F XT ;4@B =

>> - R

032

!

k lZmon Y[Z\

O P ‹#†

SVNjN¨’§^Cn U_`5di\]Zb`5kN±›NjMOZb`+Zb` g ±›NjM“Zf`¼‹qv$# fPVA‹<I JLN1^CneNjM ‡ o’§^Cn/Za5ne^V^f’U_`\eJLNkjZbdeN¨^b’Zk"J5ZfUW`ˆ|CN1`LNjn]Zf\eN g ˜Vh“\eJ5N

±›UW˜L˜5d/d]ZfMOaLYWN1nH™8®/aLaLYWhVU_`5|%‹#CŠ’§^Cn]T

¼YWNjZ g d\e^F¡

; Mf

k l X2Y

"R

! F X

;@LB =

>> -

"R

0S2

!

k

l9mon YB O P

®Ad

F

% X I ; @B = > > -

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

Y

R

!

I >

TTVUXW1YZY[

(11)

¦NªJ5Z7‘bN

; Mf

k l X2Y

"R

!

R

!

B O P

‹qvH{C

Zb` g diUW`5kN + UWd/ZOk1^b`†\eUW`VXL^bX5dŠ’§XL`Fk \eUW^b`E¡

; Mf

k l X2Y + ;

R

! B + ;

"R

!

BB

O P

®kjk^Cn g UW`L|+\e^½‹6bZf` g ‹%f ¡!U_\MONjZb`5dª\eJFZ)\R¦U_\eJ¾a5ne^C˜5Zf˜LUWYWU•\qh^b`LNO\]JLNy‡Š‰Šy'Njdi\eUWMOZf\eNˆk1^b`V‘bNjne|CNjd¨\e^)¦ Zfng d›\]JLN

NHdq\]U_M“Zf\eNªneNHdiX5Y•\]U_`L|O^b’^C`LNªU•\]N1n"Z)\eUW^b`+^f’‰Žy£¦U•\]J@U_`5U•\]UWZbY ‘7ZbY_X5N-

"R

0S2

! -

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

¡

; Mf

k l XAY

-

"R

!

kil

-

"R

!

B O P ‹qvCvH

' N¾k^C`5diU

g

Njn+`5^)¦–\eJLN¼Nj‘b^bYWXc\]U_^C` ^f’ K ;-

"R

kil

>t> B

Z)’\]N1n@^C`LNU_\eNjn]Zf\eUW^b` ^f’y ‡Š‰Žy !¨diUW`L| `L^)¦–\]JLN¾k^C`C\]U_`VXLU_\qh ^f’

V ;P -

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

B ¡E‹qvCvHŠUWMa5Y_UWNjd \]J5Z)\

; Mf

k l X2Y V ;-

"R

!

kil -

R

032

!

kilZmon

B V ;-

"R

!

-

"R

032

!

kilZmon

B B O P ‹qv7rb

‡Š^C`5deUg Njn\eJ5NN1‘CN1`†\

R M $&G( C r E ' r R & r E > V ;-

"R

!

kil -

R

032

!

kilZmon Bg8

V ;-

"R

!

-

"R

032

!

kilZmon

B R†™Šh g N1ž5`LU_\eUW^b`

^b’-

"R !

¡F\]JLN g U2©N1n]N1`5k1N

V ;- R !

-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

Bg8 V ;-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon -

"R

032

!

k<l9mon

B U[d/`L^C`z`LNj|CZ)\]U_‘CNb™AI J5N\q¦^ˆk1ZCdiNHd & ( Zf` g

( MX5di\A˜:N\en]NjZf\eN g deN1a5Zbn]Zf\eN1YWhb™Š²UWn"dq\]Y_hC¡LU•’ & ( ¡LU_\ANlcU[dq\"d & ( diXFk"J\]J5Z)\ 8 ( ™oš ’!\eJ5NN1‘CN1`†\ R U[d

^C˜5deN1n]‘bN g \eJLNj`¢¡

C r ' r R & r > V ;-

"R !

kil -

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

B8 V ;-

"R !

-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

BJ&G8 >

Zb` g ’§^bn \eJ5UWd‘)ZbY_XLNr

¡c¦ŠNJFZ7‘bN

r R & r > V ;-

"R !

kil -

R

032

!

kilZmon

B 8 V ;-

"R !

-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

B & 8 P

I J5N1`¢¡

r R & r > V ;-

"R

!

k l -

R

032

!

k lZmon

B%8 V ;-

"R

0S2

!

k l9mon -

R

032

!

k lZmon B ( P

I J5N›YWUWbN1YWUWJL^V^ g ‹>rbŠ^f’\eJLNMO^ g NjY¢k1Zf`%˜:NneNj¦neU_\i\]N1`¢¡

K ;-

>L> B V ;

-W-

"R

032

!

kilZmon

B 8 :S;

-W-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon B>

¦J5N1n]N

:S;

-W-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

B F

X M#OP

;4@

= > > - B = > > -

"R

032

!

k<l9mon YP

š \+k1Zf` ˜:NzaLn]^)‘bN

g

¡ X5deU_`L|CN1`FdiNj`

dˆU_`5Nj«†X5ZfYWU_\qhb¡\eJ5Zf\

:

U[dZ¼’§XL`Fk \eUW^b` ^f’-¾¦JLU[k"J J5ZbdZ¼|bYW^b˜5ZbY/M“Z)lcU_MRXLM'Z)\

- -

"R

032

!

k l9mon

¡¢‹deN1N ¨N1MOa5di\eNjnj¡

ZfUWn

g

¡LZb`

g

sXL˜LUW`¼v$#&%%f™I J5N1`%U•\Ak1^bMONjd

r R & r > K ;-

"R !

k<l

>L> B%8 K ;-

"R

032

!

kilZmon

>L> B ( P ‹qv+ C

' N\]XLne`@`5^)¦ \]^“\eJLNk1ZCdiN

( ™®Ad]deXLMOac\eUW^b` ;JB U_MOaLYWU_NHd\]J5Z)\ V ;P X-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

B UWdAXL`LUWM^ g ZbY<™I JVX5dj¡5U_’

( ¡c\]JLN

\q¦^ONjdi\eUWM“Z)\eNHd -

"R

032

!

k<l9mon Zb` g -

"R

!

Zfn]N›Nj«†X5ZfY>™Š‡Š^b`FdiUg N1n\]JLN g U2:NjneNj`5kN

(“g N1ž5`LN g ˜Vh

:S;-

"R

0S2

!

k l9mon -

"R

0S2

!

k l9mon

B8D:S;-

"R !

k l -

"R

0S2

!

k l9mon B P

š ’ & ( ¡V\eJLNj`¢¡c’§^bn/Z|CU_‘CN1` 2 & ( diXFk"Jˆ\]J5Z)\ 8

2 ( ¡ R U_MOaLYWU_NHd\eJ5Zf\

C r 2 ' r R & r 2 > V ;-

"R

!

kil -

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

B8 V ;-

"R

!

-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon BJ&G8

2 >

z?{ T|z}

(12)

Zf` g deU_`FkN-

"R

032

!

k lZmon

-

"R !

¡ r R & r 2 > V ;-

"R

!

kil -

R

032

!

kilZmon

B%8 V ;-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon -

R

032

!

kilZmon B& 8

2 P

I JLNj`¢¡

r R & r 2 > K ;-

"R !

k l

>L> B8 K ;-

"R

032

!

k lZmon

>L> B& 8

2 ( P ‹iv1PV

/^)¦¡:¨N1MOa5di\eN1nH¡ ZfUWn g ¡:Zb` g sXL˜5U_`‹qv$#&%%b g N1MO^b`Fdq\]n]Zf\eN g \]J5Z)\¨\eJLN g U2:NjneNj`5kN RU[d¨Nj«†X5ZfYE\e^­1N1n]^“U_’ŠZf` g ^C`LYWh+U_’

; =

>> -

"R

!

k l B

%H; =

>> -

"R

032

!

k

l9mon

B ZfYWM^†dq\Nj‘bN1n]hV¦JLN1n]Nb™' N g N g X5kNR’§n]^bM ZCdedeXLMOac\eUW^b` ;J B ¡¢\]J5Z)\UW`

\eJFZ)\Ak1ZCdiNC¡1-

"R

!

k l -

"R

032

!

k l9mon

™oI JLN1`E¡ K ;-

"R

!

k l

>t> B 8 K ;-

"R

032

!

k l9mon

>L> B ( ™

²U_`FZfYWY_hC¡5k^CM˜LUW`LUW`L|+‹iv$ † Zf` g ‹qvjP† ¡c¦JFZ)\eNj‘bNjn ( ¡

C r E

7 ;r >r 2 B ' r R & r E > K ;-

"R!

kil

>L> B 8 K ;-

"R

032

!

k<l9mon

>L> B ( > ‹iv+6C

¦U_\eJ.r E ž5`LU_\eNC¡5Zbd r

Zb` g r 2

™oI JLNªNj‘bN1`†\ R g Nž5`5N g ˜†h ‹qv6bŠUWd UWMOaLYWU_N g ˜†h R ¡Lde^\eJ5Zf\j¡L˜Vh ‹qvHrC

T K F > ; R B ; R B O >

Zf` g deU_`FkNª\eJ5NU_`†\eNjn]deNjk\eUW^b`UWd/k1^bXL`†\"Zf˜LYWNb¡

;

R R B O >

šœ`+\eNjneM“d ^f’\eJ5N›YW^b|bŸ>YWUWbN1YWUWJL^V^ g dN1‘C^bYWXc\eUW^b`E¡cU•\/MONjZb`5d\eJFZ)\

; T K F >RC r E K F ' r R & r E> K ;-

"R

!

k l

>L> B8 K ;-

"R

032

!

k lZmon

>L> B

(B O P

š ’oUW`xZ gLg U•\]U_^C`¢¡5\]JLNYW^b|bŸ>YWUWbN1YWUWJL^V^ g K ;- >t> B U[d/˜:^bX5` g N g Zf˜:^)‘bNb¡5\eJLU[d¨neNHdiXLY_\AUWMOaLY_UWNjdA\eJFZ)\›ZbY_MO^†dq\¨deXLn]N1YWhU_\¨N1lcUWdi\]d¨Z

deNj«†XLN1`FkN7M r R R R A ¡LdiXFk"J\]J5Z)\ \]JLNdiNH«†XLN1`5k1N7M K ;-

"R !

k l

>L> B R R A k^C`V‘bN1n]|bNHd1™

SV^CMNˆneNjMOZbnecdZbneN“UW`¾^bn g NjnZf˜:^bXc\I JLN1^CneNjM PF™_vC™%²UWn]di\eYWhb¡\]JLNn]NjdeXLY•\k1Zf`¾˜:Nˆ|CN1`LNjn]ZbY_UW­1N g \e^xZb`†h y‡Š‰Žy%Ÿ YWU_CN

ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5M+¡cZCddi^V^b`%Zbd\]JLNk^Cnen]Njdea:^b` g UW`L|OZfaLa5ne^7lcUWMOZf\eUW^b`

"R !

d]Z)\]UWdiž5Njd

; Mf

k l X2Y

"R

!

R

!

B O P ‹ivjw†

²L^CndeX5k"J+ZaLn]^ckN g XLn]Nb¡C\eJLN›aLn]^†^b’¢^f’I J5N1^bn]N1M PF™_v›UWddi\eUWY_Y ‘)ZfYWUg ¡ ‹qvj{†o˜:N1UW`L|neNjaLY[ZbkN g ˜Vh@‹qvjw† ™!šœ`ˆaFZfne\eU[kXLY[ZfnH¡:‹ivjw†

U[ddeZf\eU[dqž5N

g

˜†h\eJLN±Sc²½ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLMC(\eJ5N

g

UWdi\en]U_˜5Xc\eUW^b`

"R ! g

NžF`LN

g

˜Vhx‹† k^C`†‘CN1n]|bNHdo\]^)¦Zbn g d

F

%X

;G I

@ s

I#!

>=

>> -

"R

0S2

! B =

>> -

"R

0S2

!Y ;G I

=

>> - R

032

!

B>

Zbkjk^Cn g UW`L|R\e^\eJ5NN1n]|b^ g U[k¨a5ne^CaFNjni\qhz‹#C ™

šœ`¼I JLN1^CneNjM–P5™Wvb¡EZCdedeXLMOac\eUW^b` ; B k1Zb`˜:NOneNjaLYWZCkN g ˜Vh@\eJ5Ndq\]ne^C`L|bNjn›ZCdedeXLMOac\eUW^b` ; B[H/& =

I , '*; + ,.--'*8

I 028 A028 - ;.)1 -/8 -5™ŽI JLN1`%Zbd]deXLMOac\eUW^b`5d ;JB ¡ ;J4JB ¡ ;J B Zf` g;

B[Zfn]N›deX1)kUWN1`†\\]^“N1`5deXLn]N¨\]J5Z)\AZbY_MO^†dq\/deXLneNjY_h

\eJ5NdiNH«CX5N1`5k1N^f’!Y_^C|fŸ Y_UWbNjY_UWJL^V^ g dUWd`5^f\ g NHkn]NjZbdeN g Zf` g k1^b`V‘bNjne|CNjdj™o‡Š^C` g U_\eUW^b` ;JJ JB UWd`5^“M^CneNªn]Nj«†XLUWneN g ™8šœ` g NjN g ¡

¦N›JFZ7‘bN›\eJLNª’§^CY_YW^)¦UW`L|RYWN1MOM“Z

Ž´ ¥ƒ 35 7 F /& =

I , '*; + ,.--'*8 I 028 A028 - ;.)1-/8.CA=

; Mf

kilLX2Y

V k l ;-W- R

032

!

kilZmon

B V ;-p-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

B> OQcef M - B O P

TTVUXW1YZY[

(13)

š \N1`5deXLn]Njd\eJFZ)\\]JLNzaLn]^ba:N1ne\qh ‹qvCvHU[ddi\eUWY_YA\en]XLNb¡deU_`5k1N@\eJ5N@XL`LU_’§^bn]M”k1^b`V‘bNjne|CN1`5k1N^b’ªZ¾deNj«†XLNj`5kN@^b’›’§X5`5k \]U_^C`5d

M RA

\e^)¦ Zfn

g

d¨Z’§XL`Fk \eUW^b`%U_MOaLYWUWNjd›\eJ5Nk1^b`V‘bNjne|CN1`5k1N^f’ M adcePf ad6

;B

RA

\]^)¦Zbn

g d adcePfhai6

;B

™I JLN

n]Njdi\^f’\eJLNaLn]^V^f’^f’8I JLN1^CneNjM(P5™Wv¨n]N1M“ZbU_`5d\]JLNd]ZfMONb™

P ‚ ¸¢¸RQ¸RQ Ž´ ¤ƒ 35 7D5 ®Ad]diXLMOac\]U_^C` ; [B UWMOaLY_UWNjd\eJ5Zf\/U•\/N1lVU[di\]dZaF^†diU_\eUW‘bNk1^b`5di\]Zb`C\H¡ ¡5deX5k"Jˆ\]J5Z)\H¡

J K D

>

K MO

>QP$PQP>

E?R

> M"OQP

= I

;?B

I G I

> - B

P

‡Š^C`5deUg Njn\eJLN g U2©N1n]N1`5k1N

"R

! ;- B V

kil

;-W-

"R

032

!

k l9mon

B 8 V ;-W-

R

032

!

k lZmon B P

R

! ;- B O

r R k l vwx 2

M"OQP

;> @ ;T >ty B > - B8 F

%X M#OP

;?> @ > - B = > > -

"R

032

!

k<l9mon Y

O

r R k l vwx 2

M#OP

;;T >LyBB 8 F

% X

M#OP

;4@LB = > > -

"R

032

!

k<l9mon

Y P ‹qv%f

I J5Nž5n"dq\/\]N1n]M%¡

R

!

2 ;- B ¡©^b`%\]JLNn]UW|bJ†\/J5Zf` g Ÿ deUg N^f’oUW`LNH«CXFZfYWU•\qh ‹qv%b ¡©k1Zb`@˜FNR˜F^CXL` g N g Zf˜:^)‘bNXL`5U•’§^CneMOYWhUW` -L™š ’

F

l

g N1`L^b\eNHd\eJLNN1lVa:Njk\]Zf\eUW^b`+XL` g Njn\eJLN g UWdi\en]U_˜5Xc\eUW^b` g NžF`LN g ˜Vh

"R! ¡

- K C >

"R !

2 ;- B

LF

l

X

M#OP

% ;?> @ > - B Y 8 F X

M"OQP

% ;?> @ > - B = > > -

"R

032

!

k lZmon

Y

v

IA

v x 2 R

!

I 8

R

!

I P

ScU_`5k1Nª˜†h ‹qvH{CŽ\eJLNNjMOaLU_n]U[k1ZfY©’§n]Nj«†XLNj`5kUWNjdj¡

"R

!

¡Lk1^b`V‘bNjne|CN¨ZbY_MO^Cdi\/diX5neNjY_h“\]^)¦Zbn g dŽ\]JLNª\eJ5N1^bn]N\]UWkjZfY©^b`5Njdj¡

"R

!

¡

; Mf

kil X2Y 7

j

"R

!

2 ;- B

(B ; JK D >

K MO >QP$PQP> E?R > Mf

kilLX2Y

"R

!

I 8

"R

!

I

(B

O P

I J5NdiNHk^C`

g

\eNjneM ^b`%\]JLNn]UW|bJ†\/J5Zf`

g

Ÿ deU

g

N^f’A‹iv%b ¡ g N1`L^b\eN

g

"R

!

¡FU[d/UW`

g

NjaFNj`

g

N1`†\ª^b`5-L™¨®/aLaLYWhVU_`5|aLn]^ba:N1ne\qh ‹#C

¦U_\eJUT

;B

M"OQP

%H;B

YWNjZ

g

d\e^

; Mf

k<lLX2Y

"R

!

(B

O P

²UW`5ZfYWYWhb¡ ; Mf

k l X2Y

7 j

"R

! ;- B

(B

Ob¡c¦JLU[k"J%aLne^)‘CNjdŽ\eJLNZbY_MO^†dq\/deXLneNªXL`5U•’§^CneM*k^b`V‘CN1n]|bN1`FkNb™

šœ`½U_M“Zf|CNZb`5ZfYWhcdiU[d1¡!\]JLN+^b˜5deN1n]‘bN g¾g

Z)\"Z

> I

U[d^b’\eNj`½deXLaLa:^CdeN

g

ZbneU[deU_`L|z’§ne^CM ZzXL`LUW‘)Zfn]UWZf\eN%±ªZfX5d]diU[Zf`

g

N1`5deU_\qh

k1^b`

g

U•\]U_^C`5ZfYWY_h¥^b`

I™ šœ`\]J5Z)\kjZbdeNb¡U•’^C`LN@^f’ª\eJ5N@^b˜5deN1n]‘)Z)\eUW^b`

B I JFZfaLa:N1`5d\e^¾˜:NzNj«†X5ZbY \e^¾\]JLNzMONjZb` ^f’

^C`LNˆk1^bMOaF^C`LN1`†\H¡oZf` g \]JLNˆ‘)ZbneU[Zf`5k1N

\eN1` g d\]^x­jN1n]^5¡\eJLNj`¾\eJ5N g Nj`5diU_\qh

= I

;B

I G I > - B U[dR`L^f\Rž5`LU_\eNb™h

k1^b`5di\en"ZfUW`LUW`L|\eJLNa5Zfn"ZfMON\]N1nAdea5ZCkNb¡L’§^bn/UW`5di\]Zf`FkNZCdedeXLMOU_`5|O’§^bnAZbY_Y

K MO >QPQP$P > ESRC¡

K X > Y

¦U•\]J &b( ¡5\eJLU[d

a5ne^C˜LY_NjM(U[ddiXLa5aLneNHdedeN g Zf` g N1MOM“ZOP5™Wv›kjZf`+˜FNX5deN g ™

] 6]% @!#% !* !

I J5N/aLn]N1‘VU_^CX5d8deNjk \]U_^C`“Njdi\]Zb˜LY_U[deJLNjdok1^b` g U•\]U_^C`5d!’§^bno\eJLNAZbY_MO^†dq\ŽdeXLn]NAk^C`†‘CN1n]|bNj`5kN^f’©\eJ5NAdiNH«†XLN1`5k1N^f’ YW^b|fŸ YWU_CN1YWU_JL^V^ g d

\]^)¦Zbn g ddi^CMN K E ¡UW`¥y‡Š‰Šy%Ÿ>YWUWbNaLn]^ckN g XLn]Njdj™ ' Nk1^b`5deUg N1n`5^)¦ \]JLNˆU[d]diXLNHd^f’\]JLN`5Zf\eXLn]N^b’sK E Zb` g ^f’ \]JLN

k1^b`V‘bNjne|CN1`5k1NR^b’\eJLNdiNH«CX5N1`5k1N5M$- R

!

kil R R

A

\]^xZzdi\]Zf\eUW^b`5Zbnehza:^bUW`†\R^CnZ@YW^VkjZfYoM“ZflVUWMX5M ^b’JK ;- >t> B ™"!¨XLnn]NjdeXLY•\"d

ZbneN g NjneUW‘bN g ’§n]^bM \eJLNRdq\]X g hˆ^b’\]JLNk1^b`V‘bNjne|CN1`5k1NAaLn]^ba:N1ne\eUWNjd ^b’\]JLN±›‰ŽyZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM“d ˜†h*'X¾‹iv$# C™6ANjMOa5dq\]N1nH¡

z?{ T|z}

(14)

ZbU_n

g

¡©Zf`

g

sXL˜LUW`¥‹qv+#%%f

g

N1ž5`LN

g

Z±›‰Žy ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM*Zbd›Z“YWNjd]d

g

NjM“Zf`

g

UW`L|+ZfYW|b^bn]U_\eJLM \eJ5Zb`x‰Žy¾¡F’§^bn›¦JLU[k"J@\eJ5N

y¯dq\]N1a+neNH«†XLU_n]Njd ^C`LYWh

V ;-

"R

!

X-

"R

032

!B V ;-

"R

032

!

-

"R

0S2

! B P

²L^Cn/Zf`VhˆdeNj«†XLNj`5kNF-

"R

!

^b’!Z“±›‰Žy¯ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM%¡c¦ŠNªJ5Z7‘CN

K ;-

"R !

>t> B K ;-

"R

0S2

!

>t> B>

¦JLU[k"J@N1`5deXLn]Njd/\eJLNZfYW|b^bn]U_\eJLM U_`LJ5N1n]U•\"d/MO^Cdi\¨^b’\]JLN‰Šy k^C`†‘CN1n]|bNj`5kNªaLn]^ba:N1ne\eUWNjdj™šœ`@\eJ5NdiNH«†XLN1Y¦ŠNZ g ^Cac\H' X d

`L^b\]Z)\]U_^C`¢™ N\x˜FNŽ\eJLNdiN1\^b’5dq\"Z)\eUW^b`FZfn]hAa:^bUW`C\"d1¡)Zb` g \eJLNdiN1\^b’LY_^ck1ZbYbM“Z)lcUWM“Z^f’ K ;- >t> B ™® g UWn]Njk \!ZfaLa5Y_U[k1Zf\eUW^b`

^f’8I JLNj^bn]N1M–vª^f’ 'X¾‹iv$# CŽY_NHZ

g

d\]^O\eJLNª’§^CY_YW^)¦UW`L|\]JLN1^CneNjM%¡

021 ´V¸

‚ ´

4365

0 +C+

, &' '*1)

,A ,.02;>1)=

; -< T K F >DC r E ' r R & r E > K ;-

"R

!

kil

>t> B 8 K ;-

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

>t> B ( ?

;

-/-< T K F

>

-

"R

032

!

k l9mon

+K ;

c P B>DC r ELE

' r R & r ELE

> K ;-

"R

!

k l

>L> B%8

K ;-

"R

032

!

k l9mon

>L> B& ( ?

;

-/-/-< & 028:$ - 8 adcePgfhai6

j V

kil

;

-p-Q[

B

-=, $91

,Q

>; /& $ ) +:19) >8 ;

c

P BL?

;-,< & ,QLK>0 98:$ M K ;- R

!

k l

>L> B R R A -=,2I 028A'HI ; ' 8 - !

-/8.C N

F ;7 'C$& -9;'X- 8 ' ? G1<-'*15 ;.-& ) = r R -=,$ & ,Q>8 , 0($ & /&(' r R &

fhai6

;r E > r E E B = /& 98 '*1) ,A

,.02;>1)= ' 1/1& 1-/) -, + -/8 , M$-

"R

!

kil

R R A ' ;,A' - 8:'*;+ -/8 , ; ;.,+ N 1 $ '*1:)'OJC-/)'B< K ;- >L> B ="' 8$K ;-

"R

!

k<l

>L> B

$

8>;5., ) 8 -$ ' 1/1 K Es K ;- E >L> B ; , ) H- E ;

;9,+ N <HN

' NAJ5Z7‘CN/diJL^)¦`E¡C¦U_\eJˆI J5N1^bn]N1M P5™Wvb¡Vk^C` g U_\eUW^b`5dŽN1`5deXLn]U_`5|\eJ5Zf\ZCdedeXLMOac\eUW^b` ;JB U[dŽd]Z)\]UWdiž5N g ™!I J5UWdZbd]diX5MaL\eUW^b`

MONjZb`5dŠ\eJ5Zf\ ¦U_\eJ+aLn]^b˜5Zb˜LUWY_U_\qhO^b`LN¨\eJLNdeNj«†XLNj`5kN›^f’EYW^b|bŸ>YWUWbN1YWUWJL^V^ g doUW`+Zy‡Š‰Žy%Ÿ YWU_CN›ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM°˜FNjJ5Z7‘bNHdŽYWUWbN›U_`+Z

±›‰Žy ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5M+™I JLU[d!UWd!^b’FJLUW|bJU_`†\]N1n]Njdi\!deU_`FkN\eJLN `L^C` g Njkn]NjZCdiUW`L|›^f’F\eJLN YW^b|fŸ YWU_CN1YWU_JL^V^ g U[d\eJLNM“ZbU_`OZbd]diX5MaL\eUW^b`

\e^ªNHdq\"Zf˜LYWUWdeJneNHdiXLY_\]d8Zb˜F^CXc\!\eJLNk1^b`V‘bNjne|CN1`5k1NŽ^f’F\eJLNA±›‰Šy NHdq\]U_M“Zf\eNb™!®Ad8Zªk1^b`5deNj«†XLNj`5kNC¡fZbd8de^†^C`ZCd!Zbd]diXLMOac\]U_^C` ;JB

^f’8I JLNj^bn]N1M PF™rRU[d/d]Z)\eU[diž5N g ¡L\eJLNNHdq\]U_M“Zf\eNaLn]^)‘VUg N g ˜Vh+Z“y‡Š‰Žy%Ÿ Y_UWbNRZfYW|b^bn]U_\eJLM(JFZbd\eJ5NdeZbMONaLne^CaFNjni\]U_NHd\eJ5Zb`

\eJ5N¨±›‰Žy–NHdq\]U_M“Z)\]Nb¡Vk^C`†‘CN1n]|bNj`5kN˜FNjN1`“n]N1aLY[Zbk1N g ˜VhZbY_MO^†dq\ŽdeXLn]N/k^b`V‘CN1n]|bN1`FkNb™I JLN1^CneNjMP5™r›|bUW‘bNHdoZf`“N1lLZfMOaLYWN^f’

\eJ5UWdYWU_`Lˆ˜FN1\q¦ŠNjN1`+±›‰Šy Zb` g y‡Š‰Šy ZCdihVMOac\e^b\eU[k/˜:N1J5Z7‘VUW^bnH™8‡Š^C` g U_\eUW^b`5dŠ’§^Cn ZbY_MO^†dq\ diXLn]N›aF^CU_`†\q¦U[diNªk^C`†‘CN1n]|bNj`5kN

k1Zb`+ZbYWde^O˜FN g N1n]U_‘CN g ’§n]^bM \eJLN›\]JLN1^CneN1\eU[k1ZfY n]NjdeXLY_\]d ^b’ ' X¾‹qv$# †ŽZb˜F^CXc\\eJLN±›‰Žy¯a5ne^ckN g XLn]Nb™

I JLNHdiNn]NjdeXLY_\]dZ g5g \]^O\eJLN^b`LNHdNjdi\]Zb˜LY_U[deJLN g ˜Vh%‡Š^CMNjn/Zf` g ¨N1YWa¤‹<rb{b{b{†Zf˜:^bXc\\]JLNy‡Š‰Žy ‹^bn/NH«†XLU_‘)ZbY_Nj`C\]Y_h

‰Žy0/fy@mŽyx¨k^C`V‘bN1n]|bNj`5kNªUW`@\eJ5NkjZbdeN¦JLN1n]N\]JLNRdea5Z)\]UWZbYEa5Zbn]ZbMON\eNjnAU[d/V`L^)¦`¢™Ašœ`@\eJLNjU_nªdi\eX g hC¡:\eJLNjh g ^`L^f\›X5deN

\eJ5NA’ZCk \\eJ5Zf\y ‡Š‰ŽyU[dneNjYWZf\eN g \e^“±›‰Žya5ne^ckN g XLn]NjdZf` g k^C`5diNH«†XLN1`†\eYWh g ^`5^f\\]ZfCN›Z g ‘)Zf`†\]Zb|bN/^b’¢\eJ5N›Z7‘)ZfUWY[Zf˜LYWN

k^C`V‘bN1n]|bNj`5kNneNHdiXLY_\]d¨’§^Cn¨\]JLN±›‰Žy”ZfYW|b^bn]U_\eJLM“dj™I JLN1UWnZfaLaLn]^CZCk"Jxk^C`5deUWdi\]d¨^f’ k^bMOa5ZbneUW`L|ˆ\eJLNNjdi\eUWM“Z)\eNOn]NjdeXLY_\eUW`L|

^f’TRU•\]N1n"Z)\eUW^b`Fd ^f’8y‡Š‰Žy¾¡-

"R

!

k l +

R-

2 ; e!

B ¡L¦U_\eJ%\]JLNNjdi\eUWM“Z)\eN^C˜c\]ZbU_`5N g Z)’\]N1nsTRU•\]N1n"Z)\]U_^C`5d ^f’!‰Žy¾¡ + R.-

2 ; ! B ™

I JLNjU_n!n]NjdeXLY•\"d|bX5Zbn]Zb`C\]N1NŽ\eJLN NlcU[dq\]N1`5k1NŠ^b’FZf`RU_`†\]N1|bNjn - Zf` g Z›diNH«†XLN1`5k1NHM r R R

2BS R S

diXFk"J\eJFZ)\8¦U•\]JRa5ne^C˜5Zf˜LUWYWU•\qhOvb¡

-

"R !

k l

kjZf`R˜FN M“Z g NZbne˜LU_\en"Zfn]hªkYW^CdeNŽ\]^¨\]JLN ‰Žy*Njdi\eUWM“Z)\eN^f’-L¡f¦JLNj`\]JLNy‡Š‰Žy Zf` g ‰Žy*aLn]^ckN g XLneNHdZbneNUW`LU•\]UWZbY_UW­1N g

¦U_\eJ@\]JLNRd]ZfMON‘)ZfYWXLNb™Aš \AUWd›Zbk\eX5ZbY_YWhZb`zZbdehVMaL\e^f\]UWkneNHdiXLY_\AUW`@\eJ5NRdeN1`5deN\eJFZ)\/\]JLN`VXLMR˜FNjnA^f’oU_\eNjn]Zf\eUW^b`5d/`LN1N g N g ¡

r R ¡Lk1Zb`ˆ˜:NªU_`cžF`LU•\]N›’§^bnZfYWYSTV¡ O T - ™oI J5N¨aLn]^ba:N1ne\qh“Njdi\]Zb˜LYWUWdeJLN g diX5|b|bNHdq\"dŠZf\˜:Njdi\ \eJ5Zf\ \eJLNy‡Š‰Žy Njdi\eUWM“Z)\]N

k1Zb`¤k^C`†‘CN1n]|bNOUW`¾aLne^C˜5Zf˜5U_YWU•\qhx\e^)¦ Zfn g d›\eJ5NˆM“Z)lcUWMUW­1Njn^f’ \]JLNˆYW^b|bŸ>YWU_CN1YWU_J5^†^ g ^f’ \]JLNMO^ g N1Y>¡!¦JLU_YWNI J5N1^bn]N1M P5™r

NlcJLUW˜LU_\]dk1^b` g U_\eUW^b`FdŽ’§^CnZfYWM^†dq\deXLneNªk^C`V‘bN1n]|bNj`5kNC™I JLNªM“ZfUW` g U2©N1n]N1`5k1NªU_`+^bXLnZbaLaLn]^CZbk"JZf` g \eJLNª^b`5N¨^b’8‡Š^bMONjn

Zf` g ¨N1YWa¥‹>rf{b{C{CŠYWU_NHdU_`%\]JLNYWN1‘CN1Y¢^b’8k1^bMOa5ZbneU[di^C`¦U_\eJ%\]JLN‰ŽyZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM%™ŠI JLNa5ne^V^f’!^f’oI JLNj^bn]N1M(PF™_vU[d/˜FZbdeN g

^b`\eJLNªk^C`C\]ne^CYF^b’ \eJLN›YW^VkjZfY:N1n]ne^Cn - R

!

k l 8 -

"R

!

¡VU_`5di\eNHZ g ^f’Edi\eX g hVUW`L|R\eJLN›|bYW^b˜5ZbY5Njnen]^bn + R.-

2 ; ! B38 +

R-

2 ; ! B ZCdŽUW`

‡Š^bMONjn/Zf` g ANjY_a¾‹>rf{b{C{C™

"

9+& ª

šœ`\]JLU[ddiNHk \eUW^b`\eJLNª˜:N1J5Z7‘VUW^bn^f’¢\]JLN›y ‡Š‰Žy Zb` g \]JLN±Sc²¾ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5MOdŠU[dŠUWYWY_X5di\en"Z)\]N g ^b`ZJLUgLg N1`%yzZbneC^)‘RMO^ g N1Y

^f’\]N1`+X5deN g U_`+UWMOZb|bNdeN1|bMONj`C\"Z)\]U_^C`¢™I J5N›MO^ g NjY ’§^bn \]JLNªJLUg5g N1` g Zf\]Z @ UWd\]JLN E@Ÿœk^CY_^CnŠm!^b\i\]d MO^ g NjY<¡ g Nž5`LN g ˜Vh

;

B / ; B

032 46 7 ; v

I

x

! BL>

‹iv †

TTVUXW1YZY[

(15)

¦J5N1n]N\]JLN“`L^f\"Z)\]U_^C`

J

*%n]N1a5neNHdiNj`C\"dªZf`Vhzk^CXLaLYWN

;JA>

* B

^f’ `LN1UW|bJV˜:^bn]U_`L|+diU_\eNHd1¡Zf`

g

U[d›\eJLN“UW`

g

U[k1Zf\e^bn›’§XL`Fk \eUW^b`E¡

NH«†X5ZfYŠ\e^½vˆU_’

I

b¡oZb`

g

\]^x­1Njne^x^f\eJ5N1n]¦UWdeNb™¼® deNjk1^b`

g

Ÿ>^Cn

g

Njn`LNjU_|CJ†˜:^bn]JL^V^

g

dihcdi\eNjM'‹-8N N¾\eJLN+N1UW|bJ†\OkYW^CdeN1n

`5N1UW|bJV˜F^Cn]d/’§^bn›NjZCk"JzaLU_lVNjY[/UWdªk1^b`5deU

g

N1n]N

g

™›I JLNO±›UW˜L˜5dªd]ZfMOaLYWN1n¨UWd›X5deN

g

\]^a:N1ne’§^bn]M*\eJLNOy‡»di\eNjax^f’8\]JLNOy‡Š‰Žy

Zb` g \eJ5N±Sc²—ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM“dj™+yz^bn]Ndia:Njk1U•žFkjZfYWY_hC¡^C`LYWh^C`LNdiU_\eNˆ^f’HD»UWd‘VUWdeU•\]N g Zf\NjZCk"J¤dq\]N1a¢¡U_`¥U_`5k1neNHZbdeU_`5|+^Cn g N1n

^b’Ž\]JLNOU_` g UWk1Njdj¡Edi^\eJFZ)\ ;T >Ly B Zf` g\;T >ty

O B kjZf`x^C`LYWh g U2:Njn˜†hx^b`LNOk^CMa:^b`5N1`†\j¡¢YWN\d]Z7h I

™I JLN\]n]Zb`5diU_\eUW^b`

a5ne^C˜5Zf˜LUWYWU•\]U_NHdZbneNª|CU_‘CN1`+˜†h\eJLNª’§XLYWYEk1^b` g U_\eUW^b`FZfY aLn]^b˜5Zb˜LUWY_U_\eUWNjd ^b’E\eJ5NyzZfn]b^)‘OMO^ g N1Y>¡

;@ ;T >Ly

O B = > > @ ;T >Ly B [> - R

032

!

kilZmon

B

( > C1J + J w ' I+ [I >

;G I I = > >A@ I

! o[

I! > -

"R

0S2

!

kil9mon

B O 4 c L4 P

' NdeXLaLa:^CdeN¨\]JLNk^C` g U_\eUW^b`5ZbY g N1`FdiU_\qh^f’;Iq¡L|CU_‘CN1` I!U[d UW`%k1YWZCded

¡cUWd|†ZfX5d]deUWZb`¢¡

= I

;B

IGI > - B O

$ u

4 6 7 M 8

;B

I 8 B

u R >

¦U_\eJ - M ; > B > h O >$PQP$PQ>ESRC¡ Zf` g

g Nj`L^f\]U_`5|\]JLNMONjZf`+Zf` g ‘)Zfn]UWZb`5kN¨^f’\eJLN g Nj`5diU_\qhUW`ˆ\]JLNkY[Zbd]d ™

I J5N¨’§X5`5k \]U_^C` ;-p

R

!

B \e^“˜:NM“Z)lcUWMUW­1N g UW`+\eJLN‰ di\eNja+^b’‰Žy¯U[d Nj«†X5ZbY©\e^

;-h

"R

!

B v

IA

v

x 2

"R

!

I

M#OP

O

$ u

46 7 M 8

;?B

I 8 B

u

R P

' NNlcaFNjneUWMON1`†\eN g \eJ5NRaLn]^ckN g XLn]Njd/^C`@\eJ5NR^CneUW|bUW`5ZfYPfŸœk^CY_^Cn/U_M“Zb|bNˆ‹<ZCA^f’޲U_|CXLn]Nˆvb™ª®’\]N1nZ g5g U•\]U_^C`z^f’ ±ªZfX5d]diU[Zf`

`5^bU[diNC¡†¦NA^C˜c\]ZbU_`5N g \]JLN›U_M“Zf|CN‹˜FŽ^f’²UW|bXLn]NRvC™!šœ`\eJ5UWdNlLZbMa5Y_N¨\eJLN›MONjZb`5d ª^b’¢\eJ5Nªk1^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfY g U[dq\]neUW˜LXc\]U_^C`5d

^b’Ž\]JLNO^b˜5deN1n]‘bN gzg Z)\"ZZbneNNj«†X5ZbY\e^

’§^Cn

K MO >QPQP$P> ESROZb` g \]JLNdi\]Zf` g Zfn gzg Nj‘†U[Z)\]U_^C`5dªZfn]N\]JLN“deZbMON’§^CnNjZbk"J

k1YWZCdedj¡ $

( P ’§^Cn

K MO >QP$PQP > ESRC™I JLNa5Zfn"ZfMON1\eN1n ^b’o\eJ5NRm!^f\e\]d g U[dq\]neUW˜LXc\]U_^C`xU[dªdiXLa5aF^†diN g Nj«†X5ZbY\]^vC¡ Zf` g

`5^f\ŠNHdq\]U_M“Zf\eN g ™‰ŠZbk"JˆZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLMU[dŽUW`LU_\eU[ZfYWU_­jN g ¦U•\]J“\eJLNªd]ZfMONAkY[Zbd]deU•žFkjZ)\]U_^C`z‹²U_|F™ v‹kHi ¡ g N1n]U_‘CN g ˜VhOa5Zfne\eU_\eUW^b`LUW`L|

\]JLN“n"Zf`L|CN^b’Š\]JLNaLU_lcN1Yo‘)ZbY_XLNHdUW`¼\eJLN“`L^CUWdehxUWM“Zf|CNUW`¼’§^bX5nneNj|bXLY[ZfnªUW`†\eN1n]‘)ZfY[d1™ Š^b\eJ \eJ5Nˆy‡Š‰Žy Zb` g \eJLNˆ±Sc²

ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM“dRZbneN+n]XL`¥¦U_\eJ½\eJLn]N1N g U2©N1n]N1`†\‘)ZbY_XLNHd^f’ r

R ( vb¡¨vj{5¡ŽZf` g vj{C{di\eNja5d^f’A\]JLNz±›U_˜5˜5dOdeZbMa5Y_NjnOZf\“NjZbk"J

U_\eNjn]Zf\eUW^b`¢™/I J5N`VXLM˜:N1n¨^f’oU_\eNjn]Zf\eUW^b`5dAUWd¨diN1\A\e^ - O (Q( ¡FdeU_`5k1N`L^+diUW|b`LU_žFkjZf`†\/U_MOaLn]^)‘bNjMON1`†\A¦ Zbd^C˜5diNjne‘CN g ¦U_\eJ

MO^CneNU•\]N1n"Z)\]U_^C`5d¢’§^Cn!\eJLU[d!NlLZbMa5Y_NC™I JLN Njdi\eUWM“Z)\]Njd^f’F\eJLN MO^ g N1Yca5Zbn]ZbMON\eNjn]daLn]^)‘VUg N g ˜Vh\eJ5N g U2©N1n]N1`†\8ZfYW|b^bn]U_\eJLM“d

ZbneN›|bUW‘bNj`UW`%IZb˜LY_NOvC¡LZf` g \eJ5Nªk1^bn]neNHdia:^b` g U_`5|deN1|CMNj`†\]Z)\]U_^C`5d^f’\eJLN`L^CUWdeh“UWMOZb|bNZfn]NªdiJL^)¦`+UW`+²UW|bXLn]Njdªv“‹g Š\e^

‹U[™o®—neNHdq\]^bn"Z)\]U_^C` U[d ^b˜c\"ZfUW`LN g ˜VhM“Z)lcUWMUW­jZf\eUW^b`+^f’\eJLNZbaLaLn]^7lVUWM“Z)\]U_^C`ˆ^f’\eJLNk1^b` g U•\]U_^C`5ZfY aLn]^b˜FZf˜LUWY_U_\eUWNjdj¡

JK D > I GadcePf ad6

#

!

I P

JK

D > I GadcePf ad6

#

!

I P

I J5N%«†X5ZbY_U_\qh¤^b’A\eJ5N@neNHdq\]^bn"Z)\eUW^b`FdRZbneN%k^CMaFZfn]N g \]JLn]^bXL|CJ¥\]JLN@aFNjn]k1N1`†\]Zb|bN+^f’›MU[d]kY[Zbd]diU_ž5N g aLU_lcN1Y[d@‹§N1n]n]^bnn]Zf\eNH¡

deJL^)¦`+U_`zIZf˜5Y_N“vC™²5^bn \eJ5UWdANlLZfMOaLYWNb¡LU_\¨ZbaLaFNHZfn"d \eJFZ)\/U_\AUWdA`L^f\/`5NjkNHded]Zfn]h“\]^k"JL^V^CdeN›Y[Zfn]|bNª‘)ZfYWXLNHd ’§^bnr R ™Žš ’!\e^V^

’§Nj¦ U_\eNjn]Zf\eUW^b`5d ^b’\]JLNR±›UW˜L˜5d/d]ZfMOaLYWN1n/ZbneNkjZfn]neUWN g ^bXc\H¡c\eJ5NZfYW|b^bn]U_\eJLM“d J5Z7‘CN›`5^f\/hbN1\Ak^C`†‘CN1n]|bN g ™ŠXL\AZ“k"JL^bU[kNª^f’

r R O ( ZfYWneNHZ g h“YWNjZ g d\e^“|C^†^ g aFNjni’§^CneM“Zb`5kNHdŽ’§^Cn˜F^b\eJ+\eJ5Ny‡Š‰Žy¯Zf` g \eJ5N±Sc²½ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM“d1™

+Š9+&E 1

I J5UWd¨¦Š^Cne%k^C`†\en]U_˜LXL\eNjdA\e^ˆ\eJLNZf`5ZbY_hcdeUWdA^f’o\]JLNRy ‡Š‰Žy ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM ’§^Cn º yzs/²Fd¨˜Vh@deJL^)¦U_`5|“\eJ5Zf\›X5` g N1nªdeXLU•\"Zf˜LYWN

n]N1|CXLY[Zfn]U•\qhk1^b` g U_\eUW^b`Fd \eJLU[d/a5ne^ckN g XLn]NZfYWM^†dq\AdeXLn]N1YWhUW`LJLN1n]U_\]d\]JLNk^C`V‘bN1n]|bNj`5kN›aLn]^ba:N1ne\eUWNjd^b’!Z±›‰ŠyZfYW|b^bn]U_\eJLM%™

' NaLne^CaF^†diNRdiX1)k1U_Nj`C\ªk^C` g U_\eUW^b`5dA\e^N1`5deXLn]N\eJFZ)\j¡©¦U_\eJaLne^C˜5Zf˜5U_YWU•\qh vb¡:\]JLNdeNj«†XLNj`5kN^f’Šy‡Š‰Šy YW^b|fŸ YWU_CN1YWU_JL^V^ g d

U[d“`L^b\

g

Njk1neNHZbdeN

g

¡ de^¼\eJ5Zf\“\eJLNz¦N1YWY/V`L^)¦` aLn]^ba:N1ne\qh¤^f’Z¤±›‰Žy ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM U[dn]Njk^)‘CN1n]N

g

ZbY_MO^†dq\ˆdeXLn]N1YWhb™ ' N

z?{ T|z}

(16)

‹<ZC ‹§˜: ‹kH

‹g  ‹§N7 ‹§’]

‹|† ‹§J: ‹U[

²U_|CXLn]Nv(!® PfŸœk^bYW^bnŽU_M“Zf|CN

g

Nj|bn"Z g N g

¦U•\]Jˆ`L^CUWdeNb™‹Z†8^CneUW|bUW`5ZfYFU_M“Zb|bNb¡©‹§˜:o`L^CUWdehOU_M“Zb|bNb¡©‹kHoUW`LU_\eU[ZfY©diNj|bMON1`†\"Z)\eUW^b`E¡

‹g  ¡E‹NH ¡‹’]/y‡Š‰Žy¯diNj|bMON1`†\"Z)\eUW^b`FdŽ’§^CnJr

R O > O ( > O ((

¡©‹§|V ¡¢‹§J: ¡‹U[±SL²¥deN1|bMONj`C\"Z)\]U_^C`5dŠ’§^bnJr

R O > O ( > O (Q(

™

r R 2

2

Njnen]^bn n"Z)\]N

\]neXLNª‘)ZfYWXLN Ÿ v r P {L™6 {L™6 {5™6 {5™6 Ÿ

y‡Š‰Šy v vC™{ rc™r L™6 P5™{ {L™6 {L™w {5™w {5™6 #L™#

y‡Š‰Šy vj{ vC™{ rc™{ L™{ P5™{ {L™6 {L™6 {5™6 {5™w {L™6

y‡Š‰Šy vj{b{ vC™{ rc™{ L™{ P5™{ {L™6 {L™6 {5™6 {5™6 {L™6

±Sc² v vC™{ rc™{ rc™r P5™{ {L™6 {L™ {5™w {5™6 vH{L™

±Sc² vj{ vC™{ rc™{ L™{ P5™{ {L™6 {L™6 {5™6 {5™6 {L™6

±Sc² vj{b{ vC™{ rc™{ L™{ P5™{ {L™6 {L™6 {5™6 {5™6 {L™P

IZf˜LYWNRv(!m!Zbn]ZbMON\eNjnŠNHdq\]U_M“Zf\eNjd Zb` g Njnen]^bnŠn]Zf\eNjdŽ’§^bn\]JLNy‡Š‰Žy£Zf` g \eJLN±Sc²¤ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM“d1¡C’§^bn\eJ5N›PbŸ k1^bYW^bnŠU_M“Zf|CN

^f’8²U_|CXLn]NRv‹<ZC ™

TTVUXW1YZY[

(17)

g

N1n]U_‘CN/’§n]^bM \eJ5N±›‰Šy \]JLN1^Cneh“deX1)kUWN1`†\/k^C`

g

U_\eUW^b`5dXL`

g

N1n ¦JLU[k"Jˆ\]JLN›y ‡Š‰Žy£Njdi\eUWMOZf\eNªZfYWMO^Cdi\ deXLn]N1YWhk^b`V‘CN1n]|bNjd

\]^)¦Zbn

g

d¨Z%M“Z)lcUWMOU_­jN1nª^f’\eJLN“YW^b|bŸ

g

N1`5deU•\qh@^b’Ž\]JLN“^b˜5deN1n]‘)Z)\]U_^C`5d1¡ ¦J5UWk"J¼‘)ZfYWU

g

Z)\eN\]JLN“aLn]^Vk1N

g

X5neNC™OI J5NOZ

g

‘)Zf`†\]Zb|bN

^b’Ž\]JLNjdeN“neNHdiX5Y•\"dªUWdª\]J5Z)\ª\]JLN1h k1Zf` NjZCdiUWYWhz˜FN“N1lV\eN1`

g N g

\e^@MO^CneN|bNj`LN1n"ZfYodi\e^ck"J5ZCdq\]UWkR‘bNjn]deU_^C`5d›^f’ ‰Žy”˜5ZbdeN

g

^b`¼Z

a5Y_XL|bŸ>UW`%MON\eJ5^ g ™Žšœ`+\eJLU[d’ZbMOU_YWhb¡L¦Ndi\eX g UWN g UW`%a5Zfne\eU[kX5YWZbn \eJLNR±›Nj`LN1n"ZfYWUW­jZ)\]U_^C`^b’\]JLNde^fŸœk1ZfYWYWN g SVU_MRXLY[Z)\eN g ²UWN1Yg

ZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM¯‹<±Sc²8 ™ AXLMON1n]UWkjZfYNlca:N1n]U_MON1`†\"dA^C`@\eJLNOy‡Š‰Žy Zf` g \eJLN“±Sc² ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5MOdj¡F’§^bnªZˆdeU_MOaLYWNRN1lLZfMOaLYWN^f’

UWM“Zf|CNdeN1|CMNj`†\]Z)\]U_^C`¢¡)diX5|b|bNHdq\\eJ5Zf\8˜F^b\eJaLne^ck1N g XLn]Njda:N1ne’§^bn]MtNj«†XLUW‘7ZbY_Nj`†\eYWhZf` g \eJ5Zf\!\eJLN ZbdehVMaL\e^f\]UWkk^C`V‘bN1n]|bNj`5kN

di\]Zf\eN g ˜Vhˆ\]JLN\]JLN1^CneN1\eU[k1ZbYEn]NjdeXLY•\"dAkjZf`@˜:NRn]NjZCk"JLN g ¦U_\eJZneNHZbde^b`5Zb˜LY_N`VXLMR˜FNjn¨^b’oU•\]N1n"Z)\]U_^C`5d’§^CnA˜:^f\eJz\eJLN“±›U_˜5˜5d

d]ZfMOaLYWN1nZb` g \eJLNZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM%™

) !&

‡ŠN1YWN1Xcl ¡O±™_¡O²™›²5^bn]˜FNHd1¡Zb` g ™¨m!N1hVn"Zfn g ‹<rb{b{Lv7 ™/‰Šy mon]^Vk1N g X5neNHd !AdeUW`L| y@NHZf` ²UWN1Yg Ÿ U_CN¥®/a5aLne^7lcUWM“Z)Ÿ

\eUW^b`5d’§^CnyzZfn]b^)‘ y@^ g NjY•Ÿ ZbdeN g šœM“Zb|bN SVN1|CMON1`†\]Zf\eUW^b`¢™“sNHdiNHZfn"k"J sNjaF^Cni\ P5vH{6L¡+šœ`5neU[ZL¡xZ7‘)ZbU_Y[Zf˜LYWN—Z)\

J†\i\ea(//7¦¦¦™U_`Ln]U[ZL™’§n /)nen]ni\/7n]niŸ P5vH{6c™J†\eMOY>™

‡Š^bMON1nH¡ y¾™ ™ŽZf` g ‰/™ 5™ ANjY_a ‹>rf{b{C{C™oI JLN@‰Žy0/fy@mŽyZbY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM’§^bndeN1|CMON1`†\]Zf\eUW^b`^f’ª\eN1l†\]XLn]N g U_M“Zb|bNjd$(

Zf`5ZbY_hcdeUWd Zb` g ’§X5ni\]JLN1n/N1lcaFNjneUWMON1`†\]ZbY neNHdiXLY_\]dj™ F ;'*8(,9'C$- 8(, 8 F9)'5; $A9,,.-/8 5‹qvH{C ¡Ev% 5v©v%7PCP5™

ANjMOa5dq\]N1nH¡Ž®™W¡ ™ ZfUWn g ¡8Zb` g R™!s/XL˜LUW` ‹qv+#%%f ™yzZ)lcUWMXLM¯YWU_CN1YWU_J5^†^ g ’§n]^bM¯UW`5k^CMOaLY_N1\eN g Z)\"Zz‘VUWZz\eJLN‰Žy

ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJLM%™ 02;.8:'*1 /& H '*1 '-=, -$ '*1 $9-Q)= 9;.-9, b¡Ev1 5™

±›N1M“Zf`E¡CS©™)Zf` g ™b±›NjMOZb`‹iv$#bP†™HS†\]^Vk"JFZbdi\eU[kŠsNjYWZflLZ)\eUW^b`E¡)±›UW˜L˜5d"¨UWdi\en]UW˜LXc\eUW^b`E¡bZf` g \eJLN Z7hbNHdiU[Zf`sNHdq\]^bn"Z)\eUW^b`

^f’šœMOZb|bNHd1™ F

;' 8,>'$Q- 8,

8. 'X9;.8 8' 1 ,.-=, '*8

'$ & -/8 $F98 91/1-5>8$A7¡%brcv %7PFvb™

¨UWZb`¢¡'t™)Zf` g R™7y¾™HI U_\i\]N1n]U_`5|f\e^C`ˆ‹qv+##5vH ™j‰Ždi\eUWMOZf\eUW^b`^b’La5Zfn"ZfMON1\eN1n"d UW`JLUgLg Nj`yzZbneC^)‘AMO^ g N1Y[d1™d&2-/1 ,

+(& -$ '*1

;'*8,>'C$- 8(,

& $H

' 1

$>-

8

8=

>;.-9,j¡5PC{&%VP†r 5™

'NjU<¡8±™EZb` g y¾™E®™IZb`L`LN1n‹qv$##b{† ™ ®°y@^b`†\]N‡Zfn]Y_^%šœMOaLYWN1MON1`†\]Zf\eUW^b` ^f’\eJLN“‰Šy ®/YW|b^bn]U_\eJLM Zb` g \eJLN“mŽ^†^Cn

yzZf` d¨Zf\]Z®/XL|CMON1`†\]Zf\eUW^b`ˆ®AY_|C^bn]U•\]JLM“d1™ 02;.8' 1 /& ) >;.-$ '*8 'X -=, -$' 1 , , $>-'- 8E‹P5vbv7 ¡Lw##

%){bP5™

'XE¡©‡¨™¢‹qv+# C ™!¨`\eJ5Nk^b`V‘CN1n]|bN1`FkNAa5ne^CaFNjni\]U_NHdŠ^b’\]JLN‰Žy¯ZfYW|b^CneU_\eJ5M+™ 8 8' 1, '-=, -$9,! )¡#6"©vj{ L™

3:J5Zb`L|5¡ F™:‹iv$##†rb™†I JLNªy@NHZf`ˆ²UWN1Yg I JLNj^bn]hRUW`ˆ‰Šy mon]^ckN g XLn]NjdŽ’§^bn yzZfn]b^)‘Os/Zf` g ^bM°²U_NjYg d1™ F = ;'*8(,9'C$ G

- 8, 8 -58'*13; $A., ,.-/875$#%‹qvH{C ¡©r6%){Lr6 L™

z?{ T|z}

(18)

Unité de recherche INRIA Rhône-Alpes

655, avenue de l’Europe - 38330 Montbonnot-St-Martin (France)

Unité de recherche INRIA Lorraine : LORIA, Technopôle de Nancy-Brabois - Campus scientifique 615, rue du Jardin Botanique - BP 101 - 54602 Villers-lès-Nancy Cedex (France)

Unité de recherche INRIA Rennes : IRISA, Campus universitaire de Beaulieu - 35042 Rennes Cedex (France) Unité de recherche INRIA Rocquencourt : Domaine de Voluceau - Rocquencourt - BP 105 - 78153 Le Chesnay Cedex (France)

Unité de recherche INRIA Sophia Antipolis : 2004, route des Lucioles - BP 93 - 06902 Sophia Antipolis Cedex (France)

Éditeur

INRIA - Domaine de Voluceau - Rocquencourt, BP 105 - 78153 Le Chesnay Cedex (France)

ISSN 0249-6399

Références

Documents relatifs

To test whether the vesicular pool of Atat1 promotes the acetyl- ation of -tubulin in MTs, we isolated subcellular fractions from newborn mouse cortices and then assessed

Néanmoins, la dualité des acides (Lewis et Bronsted) est un système dispendieux, dont le recyclage est une opération complexe et par conséquent difficilement applicable à

Cette mutation familiale du gène MME est une substitution d’une base guanine par une base adenine sur le chromosome 3q25.2, ce qui induit un remplacement d’un acide aminé cystéine

En ouvrant cette page avec Netscape composer, vous verrez que le cadre prévu pour accueillir le panoramique a une taille déterminée, choisie par les concepteurs des hyperpaysages

Chaque séance durera deux heures, mais dans la seconde, seule la première heure sera consacrée à l'expérimentation décrite ici ; durant la seconde, les élèves travailleront sur

A time-varying respiratory elastance model is developed with a negative elastic component (E demand ), to describe the driving pressure generated during a patient initiated

The aim of this study was to assess, in three experimental fields representative of the various topoclimatological zones of Luxembourg, the impact of timing of fungicide

Attention to a relation ontology [...] refocuses security discourses to better reflect and appreciate three forms of interconnection that are not sufficiently attended to