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T
ABLE OF CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... 3
ABSTRACT ... 5
TABLE OF CONTENT ... 7
LIST OF SYMBOLS ... 11
CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION ... 15
SECTION 1.1 – Background ... 16
SECTION 1.2 – Objectives and scope of the thesis ... 21
SECTION 1.3 – Organization of the thesis ... 22
REFERENCES ... 23
CHAPTER 2: PROPERTIES OF EARLY AGE CONCRETE ... 25
SECTION 2.1 – Hardening process... 26
SECTION 2.2 – Early age volume changes ... 28
REFERENCES ... 45
CHAPTER 3: MATERIALS AND METHODS ... 53
SECTION 3.1 – Compositions and mixing procedure ... 54
SECTION 3.2 – Test methods ... 59
SECTION 3.3 – Experimental program ... 65
REFERENCES ... 66
CHAPTER 4: DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL STRATEGY FOR THE
MONITORING AND THE MODELING OF CEMENT BASED MATERIALS... 69
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SECTION 4.2 – Design of a revisited tstm system for testing concrete since setting time under
free and restraint conditions. ... 82
SECTION 4.3 – Development of tensile creep rigs ... 94
SECTION 4.4 – How to monitor the modulus of elasticity of concrete, automatically since the earliest age? ... 109
SECTION 4.5 – Testing concrete E-modulus at very early ages through several techniques: an inter-laboratory comparison ... 123
SECTION 4.6 – Creep testing of concrete since setting time by means of permanent and repeated-minute long loadings ... 146
SECTION 4.7 – Modeling basic creep of concrete since setting time... 163
CONCLUSIONS ... 179
REFERENCES ... 184
CHAPTER 5: APPLICABILITY OF ULTRASONIC MEASUREMENT ON THE
MONITORING OF THE SETTING OF CEMENT PASTES: EFFECT OF WATER
CONTENT AND MINERAL ADDITIONS ... 197
SECTION 5.1 – Materials and methods ... 200
SECTION 5.2 – Results and discussions ... 203
CONCLUSIONS ... 211
REFERENCES ... 212
CHAPTER 6: INFLUENCE OF THE WATER/CEMENT RATIO ON THE EARLY
AGE PROPERTIES OF CEMENT BASED MATERIALS ... 215
SECTION 6.1 – Influence Of The Water/Cement Ratio On The Early Age Free Deformation Of Cement Based Materials ... 216
SECTION 6.2 – Effect of water-cement ratio on the viscoelastic behavior of cement based material since setting time ... 225
CONCLUSIONS ... 252
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CHAPTER 7: INFLUENCE OF THE WATER-CEMENT RATIO AND THE
NATURE OF THE BINDER ON THE EARLY AGE PROPERTIES OF CEMENT
BASED MATERIALS BY MEANS OF MULTI-SCALE MONITORING ... 259
SECTION 7.1 – Multiscale monitoring and modeling of the Mechanical properties and the short term creep ... 261
SECTION 7.2 – Multiscale monitoring and modeling of Autogenous deformation and coefficient of thermal expansion ... 287
CONCLUSIONS ... 302
REFERENCES ... 304
CHAPTER 8: MONITORING AND MODELING OF THE VISCOELASTIC
PROPERTIES OF UHPSCC AND CONCRETES WITH HIGH SUBSTITUTION OF
PORTLAND CEMENT... 307
SECTION 8.1 – Experimental program ... 308
SECTION 8.2 – Repeated minute-long loading tests ... 311
SECTION 8.3 – Long duration creep tests ... 317
CONCLUSIONS ... 329
REFERENCES ... 331
CHAPTER 9: COMPARISON BETWEEN VISCOELASTIC PROPERTIES IN
TENSION AND IN COMPRESSION ... 333
SECTION 9.1 – Materials and methods ... 335
SECTION 9.2 – Experimental program ... 336
SECTION 9.3 – Experimental results ... 338
SECTION 9.4 – Modeling of tensile creep ... 346
CONCLUSIONS ... 349
REFERENCES ... 350
CHAPTER 10: GENERAL CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER
WORKS ... 351
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ... 351
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ANNEXE ... 357
ANNEXE I – HOMOGENIZATION OF THE E-MODULUS THROUGH SEVERAL
