Caractérisations physicochimique et magnétique de rubans nanocristallins à haute perméabilité et étude de leur intégration en électronique de puissance

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Submitted on 10 Oct 2012

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Caractérisations physicochimique et magnétique de rubans nanocristallins à haute perméabilité et étude de

leur intégration en électronique de puissance

Hervé Chazal

To cite this version:

Hervé Chazal. Caractérisations physicochimique et magnétique de rubans nanocristallins à haute

perméabilité et étude de leur intégration en électronique de puissance. Energie électrique. Université

Joseph-Fourier - Grenoble I, 2004. Français. �tel-00740409�

Université Joseph Fourier

N° attribué par la bibliothèque /__/__/__/__/__/__/__/__/__/__/

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112 CDBE67FDB73A6456ADB46A5DB

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3 1 ≈ 8 kJ ⋅ m ⁻

K 5D5297D9785ED9A2742A85!DC9F724A7DBBA985 ( α − ^Fe − ^{20at %} ) 5 ⁵⁶⁰²⁷⁹

1

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DC8675326CAA2849 5

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= 0

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4 8 16 32 64 128 256

k e ff ( J / m 3 )

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4 8 16 32 64 128 256

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_8B

#B%2&B !

^B

_8B

#B$B !

'B3"

3,7 3,7

3,7 5,6 7,5 7,5 7,5 11,2 14,9 14,9 14,9 22,4 2

4 8 16 32 64 128 256

k e ff ( J / m 3 )

D ( nm ) K _u = 0 J / m ³

K _u = 6,5 J / m ³ K _u = 20 J / m ³ k _a = 1

3,7 3,7

3,7 5,6 7,5 7,5 7,5 11,2 14,9 14,9 14,9 22,4 2

4 8 16 32 64 128 256

k e ff ( J / m 3 )

D ( nm ) K _u = 0 J / m ³

K _u = 6,5 J / m ³ K _u = 20 J / m ³ k _a = 1

DB

B B !B

"

₈

#B$B !

^BBBBBBB

_8B

#B%2&B !

^B

_8B

#B$B !

'B3"

5

(758960:9!94D6749A89DB274654'7898..8E6789'25952''4569B9D29627DD89A895279'459A7..58689 2D859A89 K _u 995 f C279

12345 E85 7DABB85 E85 C4DA95 A!247D9785 BX9!C5 BD9A2742A85 87787A885 48785 C238849F85 D45 BD9A2742A85DBFD72A485 K _a 58758D4A85D4529F389758B295BD5B2A5895 D ⁶ 05)237872A52345B857DA6B85 7DABB85 E85 C4DA95 BY9!C5 875 B85 784!85 ED9A2742A85 A9E3A785 K _u M5 38B385 J ⋅ m ^{− 3} 5 M5 3A55 4FE2!A985 875 488K75 DB245 3985 C4D9E85 A!247D985 ED95 BD5 EF784!A9D7A295 E85 424AF7F5 E35

!D7F4AD305 (27295 385 B85 83B5 4F5 483A5 95 87785 E84A7A295 4FAE85 ED95 B39A724!A7F5 E85 BD9A2742A85 K _u 595BA97F4A8345E3582B3!85E85244FBD7A29055

+85 2!2478!8975 EF89E5 895 237485 E85 BD5 EA4A!A9D7A295 E85 877875 4887A75 E85 K _u 5 875 K _a 05 +889ED975 BD5 !D9A4485 E85 489E485 2!785 E85 BD5 293448985 E85 EA77F489785 D9A2742A85 985

!2EA7A85385835BDBB3485E852346858759A97B3858F4A7D6B8!8975385345BDBB3485E3523E805-95877875 875ED95B85D5E85724!3BD7A295EA77F4897852345BF3D7A295A!BAA785 560227 5B8554228845"5897485

K Z5297D9785875 K V D ⁶ 54878574454DAE805

112(2 ED85DB7DB3A6456ADBDD94A)DB5BDB*AAB78B9+B96D59A4ABBB

(235 7423884295 ED95 BD5 BA77F4D73485 EA88485 !F7 2E85 3D975 95 BD5 !83485 E85 BD9A2742A85

87787A88578BB85385BD5!83485E35 D!5284A7A751?31@35BD42 8595D734D7A29512A3122312435235

B354F8!!8975EF88B2F85B26848D7A295E85BD5!3B7ABAD7A295E85D42A584!877D975BD5!83485E85

BF984CA85 347DA385 E85 D42A5 12:305 (235 4F74484295 95 87785 E849A4485 !F7 2E85 BD5 !83485 E85 BD5

284A8A7F5 875 D4C3295 E85 BD5 48BD7A885 A!BAA7F5 E85 !A85 895 S384805 )237872A5 9235 92784295 385

BA97844F7D7A295 3D97A7D7A885 E85 BD9A2742A85 87787A885 48285 DB245 345 BD5 EF784!A9D7A295 4FDBD6B85 E85!FD9A!85EDA!D97D7A2912;35875E8842975K74854FAF055

D95 B85 DE485 E35 0.005 B85 B2A5 EF4A785 3D975 95 BD9A2742A85 87787A885 DBA38975 A9EF89ED!!8975 E85 723785 EA3A295 3D975 D3=5 EF7DAB5 E85 !FD9A!85 EDA!D97D7A2905 D95 1@35B85D5E85427D7A2952 F489785E85!2!8975!DC9F7A385875E85EFBD8!8975E85D42A52975 38A88!8975EA37F5D55

#D5 4F8985 E85 82B3!85 !DC9F7A38!8975 244FBF5 875 22473985 2345 BD5 E84A7A295 E85

!FD9A!85 E85 427D7A2905 D422A38!8975 BD5 8D4AD7A295 E85 BDA!D97D7A295 875 8385 2!!85 BD5 4F3B7D9785E85427D7A295E85BDA!D97D7A29542485D3=5+<05#85 D!5284A7A75 H _c 5875DB245EF4A75 D45D55

s eff

c J

p K

H = 5 5602479

2R5 p 8753957D7834542 85E85B39A7F05

#85423DC8584!877D975ED4F 89E845B85!FD9A!85E85EFBD8!8975E85D42A529759FD9!2A95 B352!B8=805D95 1@35BD5284A8A7F5875BDA38!8975EF4A785D45B85784!85E857B373D7A295E85 BF984CA85347DA385E85D42A5 γ 0555

) max

2 ( 1

p s

c dZ

d

H ₌ J γ

5 5602:79

2R55 γ = 4 ⋅ A ⋅ K _eff 55 ^5602;79

#85 8D4AD7A295 E85 γ 5 D45 4D2475 95 BD5 2A7A295 E85 BD5 D42A5 2975 EFE3A785 E85 5602:7 5 875 5602;7 5 875 F4A88975D5

p eff

eff dZ

dK K

A A dx

d ⋅

⋅

= 2 ⋅ ) ( γ

5 5602<79

-95D24E5D885B850.005BD5B29C38345D4D7F4A7A3853D97595BD57B373D7A295ED9A2742A8587787A885 AE897A7A8595BD5B29C38345 L 5E85244FBD7A295!DC9F7A385E2R5D55

s eff eff

s eff

c J

K L K K A

A

H J ⋅ =

⋅

⋅ ⋅

= 2

2

1 5 _5602=79

12345 B395 235 BD37485 E85 !FD9A!85 EDA!D97D7A295 M5 D42A5 875 427D7A295 M5 BD5 284A8A7F5 EF89E5

42247A2998BB8!8975 E85 BD5 8DB8345 E85 BD9A2742A85 87787A8805 (235 EF4A4295 895 29F38985 B85

D!5284A7A75D45BD548BD7A2953A8D9785D55

22 3 4 55 6

⋅ 7

=

s eff

c J

H α K ^{5 5602>79}

#854F57D78345 α 5875DB245EF784!A9F5D45B85!FD9A!85E858D4AD7A295E85BDA!D97D7A2905D95B85 DE485E85427D7A295M5!FD9A!85EDA!D97D7A295954A24A583584724!D97512<35M58778529EF4D7A295 8D375 05 )237872A5 ED95 B85 DE485 E85 8D4AD7A295 EDA!D97D7A295 ED95 B838B5 A974A38975 D42A5 875 427D7A295BF8DB3D7A295E85854F57D78345EF89E5DB245897A448!8975E85BD5D475E85B395235E85BD37485 E85!FD9A!85!A5895F83055

(27295 385 B85 D!5 284A7A75 EF89E5 D5 7247A24A5 E85 BD9A2742A85 87787A885 K _eff 5 3A5 F8DB385 BF984CA85 ED9A2742A85 3A5 4F3B785 E35 6D3B8!8975 E85 BDA!D97D7A295 E395 82B3!85 244FBF5 E3985 EA487A295 E85 7DAB85 95 3985 EA487A295 E85 EA77AAB85 DA!D97D7A2905 #85 !FD9A!85 EDA!D97D7A295

!D422A385 2975 895 85 895 3CCF4F5 ED95 87785 D42 85 D45 B85 6D3B8!8975 E85 BDA!D97D7A295 E85 82B3!85 E85 244FBD7A2905 )237872A5 BD5 B873485 E395 78B5 4A75 9875 D5 D95 23B8884538B385A978442CD7A2954A9ADB8!89753D97595BD5EA74A637A295E854PB8055

-95877875BFDA8345E85D42A5875AA5AE897A7AF8595BD5B29C38345E85244FBD7A295E85!2!8975ED95B85 7844DA95ED9A2742A85DBFD72A4805(FD9!2A956A895385244875E352A975E858385E85EA!89A295B85 BA8954F8B589748585C4D9E83459875D5F7D6BA0555

85B357235B8582B3!85244FBF52974A63897595BD5284A8A7F587528975BD5387A295B35CF9F4DB85 E85 BD5 E84A7A295 D45 395 FD47J7585 M5 C4D9E8345 723F2345 2A7A885 M5 E3985 D9A2742A85 7D7A7A38!897557D824D6B85235EF7D824D6B85D35 D9C8!8975E85BD5EA487A295EDA!D97D7A2905

#85 2A975 48B88F5 AJE835 29B38975 BD5 E84A7A295 E35 !2E4B85 ED9A2742A85 DBFD72A485 875 297A738975B854F5483A53D97595BF73E85EF88B2F8055

1112 ,)84A63B 7DB 3A6456ADB 3464A-8DB .B 9+DDB 7DB 3365A3BB

D95 3985 48!A4485 D42 85 9235 89748489295 ED95 B85 DE485 4FF7D6BA5 E35 0.005 BD5

!2EFBAD7A295E85877875!DC9F72FBD7A3805+83=JA52975DB24532F85E24ACA985!A422A385

875 EF23B8975 E85 BA974AD7A295 E85 D85 E85 !DC9F7274A7A295 EA77F4897805 +87785 F73E85 29AE4485

DB2455B852974A637A295FBD7A385875!DC9F72FBD7A3852345 D3985E85E83=5 D85875A974C485B85

7DA75385B85EF724!D7A295E3959D92C4DA95875E85BD5 D85D!24 85898A4299D97852975BAF805+87785

424AF7F5F37A7A85B3A9742E37A295E85B3897A7F55!D42C4DA95"5297A73F5E33959D92C4DA95;82A5B c C5875E85

D5CD9C385D!24 85B a C505#85424AF7F5E85B3DBBADC852975DB24572478!897529EA7A299F85D458BB85

E35!D42C4DA95E297592354FA84295B852!2478!89705

DC5373C28

!C8F49CD73E4

"C873C289#4$2

DC5373C28

!C8F49CD73E4

"C873C289#4$2

5

(7589 60;9!9 A8E57'6749 AB9 D92E545279E9 E46769 AB9 245279 (879 869 A89 29 289 245'F8999

+BDA38!8975 B85 424AF7F5 !DC9F72FBD7A385 E85BDBBADC85 2975 EF4A785 95 74D8845 B85 2877AA8975 E85 !DC9F7274A7A295 λ 5 2678935 D45 3985 !2589985 29EF4F85 E85 2877AA8975 λ ^a 5 875 λ ^c 5 E85 E83=5 D85 297A73D97805 +85 2877AA8975 E85 !DC9F7274A7A295 E2975 B8=48A295 244829E5 95 E85 F7D75 E85 !2A9E485 F984CA85 14=35 2975 F7D6BA5 2345 E85 !D7F4AD3=5 A2BF5 BA6485 E85 85 EF724!845 875 AC9248975 BD5 4F8985 E85 2974DA9785 58=7F4A83485"5 E385 95 BA974AD7A295 E85 E83=5 D805 +85 23BDC85 5!FD9A385"5 EF784!A985 DB245 BDD4A7A295 E85 784!85 EF984CA85 FBD7A385 2!BF!897DA4805

D9585DE485BD5EF724!D7A295E35!D42C4DA954F3B785E3A9784D7A2952!B8=852R5ED9539858AA295 EA4F7AF85 B85 E83=5 D85 3DC898975 895 395 4F8D35 E85 8BB3B85 FBF!897DA485D5 895 F4A85 87%235 895 D4DBB4B805 85 !D9A4485 A!BA7AF85 B85 E83=5 D85 842975 DA!ABF85 95 E85 482475 E85 4DAE8345 EA77F489785895D4DBB4B85E8524785385B8574374D7A295842975AA5!DF24F805.A9A5BD5EF724!D7A29584D5 BD5 !K!85 2345 D385 D85 875 AE897A385 95 BD5 EF724!D7A295 λ ^m 5 E35 !ABA835 !25895 D385 !ABA835 F7D975E27F5E33985B2A5E852!2478!8975CF9F4A385D5

( ⁱ )

i

i E λ λ

σ = ⋅ − 5D885 i = c B4A7DBC55 a 5D!24 85 m 5B!ABA835!2589C5 ^5602?79 2R5 E ⁱ 5 484F89785 B85 !2E3B85 E:239C5 σ ⁱ BD5 2974DA9785 DBA3F85 875 λ ⁱ 5 BD5 EF724!D7A295 E85

!DC9F7274A7A29055

#85 724!DBA!85 422F5 DBA385 B37P75 95 E85 2974DA9785 E85 2!48A295 DB245 385 9235 898ADC8295E852974DA978595BD572A5E85ADABB8!8975875E852!48A2959F85E35D4D7448574374F5 E85 A9784D7A295 897485 B85 E83=5 D85 E85 24785 385 E ⁱ 5 DD4DL75 2!!85 395 !2E3B85 E:239C5 5F3A8DB8975"05)237872A5B85D4D!47485842975F8DB3F5D885B85!2E3B85E:239C5D4D7F4A7A385 E85!D7F4AD3=529AEF4D975385B8524E485E85C4D9E834529754F848F05

+2!78578935E85BD5B2A5E852!2478!8975DE27F85BF984CA85!DC9F72FBD7A38572[F85F4A75D555

( ) ( )

8 ^{⋅ − = ⋅ −}

= ^λ

λ

λ λ λ

λ λ

i

i i

i i

i

d E E

W ²

2 5 ^5602@79

#F984CA8572[F85ED953955!D42C4DA95 W _mg 5875DB2452!7F8595D47A45E85BF984CA85!A9A!DB853A5 9858375K748593BB852!78578935E35D4D7448574374F5E85A9784D7A295F73EAF805

( ) ^{( )} ( )

( ^{2 1 2} )

2

1 c m c a m a

mg f E f E

W = ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ λ − λ + − ⋅ ⋅ λ − λ 5 ^5604A79

8785!DA9789D975958954FA845B38=48A295E85D4D!47485297A737A705 11122 /6DA9AD34B7DB34645A94A63BD4B678DB70683B

#85!ABA835 a 5F7D975A274285 λ ^a 53AE897A7A8595BD5297D9785E85!DC9F7274A7A295E8585!ABA830512345395

!D42C4DA95 E299F5 BD5 !DC9F7274A7A295 λ ^c 5 E35 C4DA95 FeSi 5 EF89E5 E85 B24A897D7A295 4A7DBB2C4D A385 E35 C4DA905 35 7DA75 E85 BD5 5!F74A85 36A385 λ ^c 5 38=4A!85 95 B3DAE85 E85 E83=5 2877AA8975E85!DC9F7274A7A295 λ ₁₀₀ 5875 λ ₁₁₁ 05 α _j 5EFAC9D975B852A935EA4878345E85B3DA!D97D7A295 ED95 395 484485 BAF5 D3=5 D=85 E35 4A7DB5 9235 26789295 2345 395 DBB29C8!8975 ED95 BD5 EA487A295 EF7A9A85D45B852A935EA4878345 β _j 5D5

( 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 2 3 2 3 )

111 2

3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1

100 3

3 1 2

3 λ α β α β α β λ α α β β α α β β α α β β

λ 2 + ⋅ ⋅ + +

3 5 4

6

7 + + −

⋅

⋅

=

c 5 560427

#D5!DC9F7274A7A295 λ ^mg 5E395!D42C4DA95EF89E5E85BD52A7A295E85D=854A7DBB2C4D A385D45 4D2475 95 BD5 EA487A295 EDA!D97D7A295 B α _j C05 .5 BF 8BB85!D422A385 BD5 EA487A295 EDA!D97D7A295 875 A98D4AD9785 7D9EA5 385 B85 EA487A295 4A7DBB2C4D A385 E85 C4DA95 2975 DBFD72A4805 #D5 EF724!D7A295 !2589985 2345 3985 EA487A295 E85 BDBB29C8!8975 B β _j C5 875 26789385 D45

j

c

m λ α

λ = A 9 05 12345 D3854A7DB5BD5EF724!D7A2957B373853A8D975BD5EA487A29529AEF4F85B β _j C5875875!D=A!DB85 3A8D975BD5EA487A295EDA!D97D7A2905#D5EF724!D7A295!25899858375DB245K7485!DF24F858952D975B85 E83=5EA487A295FCDB85B α _j = β _j C5D55

( ^{1 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 3 2} )

111 4

3 4 2 4 1

100 3

3 1 2

3 λ α α α λ α α α α α α

λ 2 + ⋅ ⋅ + +

3 5 4

6

7 _{+ + −}

⋅

⋅

=

c 5 5604479

(27295 385 BD5 8DB8345 !2589985 A α _j ⁴ 9 5 875 FCDB85 95 1 5 5 E85 24785 385

j

c α

λ 9

A 5 F4A75

( 2 100 9 111 )

5

1 ⋅ ⋅ λ + ⋅ λ 587J9JEA485BD5!DC9F7274A7A29595D734D7A295 λ s ^FeSi 05

#85D4D!47485297A737A75 λ ^m 5E355!D42C4DA9555875ED9585D5EFE3A75E85BD52974A637A295E85 D85 D!24 85 875 ;82A5 D35 424D7D5 E85 BD5 74D7A295 4A7DBBA985 f 5 895 D24E5 D885 BD5 B2A5 E85 2!2478!8975 5602?7 5D55

( ^m ) ^c ( ^c ) ^{( ) a} ( ^a )

m f E f E

E λ − λ = ⋅ ⋅ λ − λ + 1 − ) ⋅ ⋅ λ − λ 5 ^5604:79

1D45AE897A7AD7A295E85784!85E352B59P!85895 λ 55923526789295D5

( )

( ) ^a

c

a a c

c m

E f E

f

E f E

f

⋅

− +

⋅

⋅

⋅

− +

⋅

= ⋅

1

1 λ

λ λ ^{5\5 E m = E c ⋅ f + E a ⋅} ( ^{1 − f} ) ^{5 5604;79}

#85B2A5E852!2478!89754FAF85EF784!A9295 λ 5D5923529AE4484295385B3DA!D97D7A295875 A98D4AD9785 345 395 82B3!85 E85 244FBD7A295 C4D9E5 E88D975 B85 C4DA95 527 485 BF5 E35 2E4B85 E.9A2742A85 .BFD72A4805 λ 5 875 DB245 A!2F85 D45 B85 !ABA835 !25895 5 385 9235 EF4A4295 95 B3DAE85 E33985 D854A7DBBA9855!2589985"5E85!DC9F7274A7A295

j

c α

λ ⁹

A Z λ s ^FeSi 055

11122 189484A63B7DB3D5ADB3464A-8DBBB

#F984CA8572[F85ED95B85!D42C4DA95F4A75D4529F38975D5D88 95604A7 5

( ) ^{( )} ( )

( ^{2 1 2} )

2

1 c m c a m a

mg f E f E

W = ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ λ − A λ 9 _α

j

+ − ⋅ ⋅ λ − λ 5 ^5604<79

(27295 385 B85 !D42C4DA95 BA6485 E85 85 EF724!845 4F89784DA75 3985 F984CA85 !A9A!3!5 ^{W equ} ( ) ^{λ equ 5}

929593BB85E385D3=574374D7A2959F85E85BD528=A78985E85E83=5 D85EA77F489785B;AC3485'JC055

( )

( ) ^a

c

a a c

c

equ f E f E

E f E

f

⋅

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⋅

⋅

⋅

− +

⋅

= ⋅

1

1 λ

λ λ 55

( ) ^{( )} ( )

( ^{2 1 2} )

2

1 _a

equ a c

equ c

equ f E f E

W = ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ λ − λ + − ⋅ ⋅ λ − λ 5

5604=79

5

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λ c

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c α

λ ⁹

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λ λ ^a

5

(758960<9!958'58626749EF26789A89DB24E726749A89A7..58697D78*9999

(235 A9742E3A295 DB245 BD5 3D97A7F5 2!BF!897DA485 W _m = W _mg − W _equ 5 3A5 487B4785 BD5 2974DA9785 A!2F85 D45 B85 !ABA835 !258905 #3F984CA85 W _equ + W _m 5 7423885 DA9A5 295 24ACA985 95 B3A97F4A8345 875 95 B38=7F4A8345E35!D42C4DA905

D2A24F9D7'489 DC5373C28

eq m

mg W W

W = +

λ m D2A24F9D7'489 DC5373C28

eq m

mg W W

W = +

λ m

5

8C873C289 D7'48 1DC486C2

DC5373C28 (436 D2A24F9 D7'489 37F4

8C873C28 C8F49CD73E4 5'C8

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8C873C289 D7'48 1DC486C2

DC5373C28 (436 D2A24F9 D7'489 37F4

8C873C28 C8F49CD73E4 5'C8

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5

(7589 60=9!9 58'58626749 EF26789 A89 DB85789 64E-89 A29 D89 2E545279 52EF879 869 E4A89E4D85958'586269D2978989'252DD#D89A89A7..58697D78*95A54768799

#85 FD47J7585 ^{σ j = A} ( ^{W j − A W j 9} ) ^{2 9 5 B i = mg 5 equ 235 m} C5 484F8978975 B3D!BA73E85 E85 7B373D7A295 E85 85 742A5 F984CA85 B;AC3485 'J1C05 +2!!85 4F835 σ _equ 5 3D993B85 2345 f = 0 5 875

%

= 100

f 5 3A385 B85 74374D7A295 A9784 D85 EAD4DA8975 D885 B33985 E3897485 8BB805 (235 92784295 FCDB8!8975 385 BD5 8DB8345 !D=A!3!5 E85 J ⋅ m ^{− 3} 875 D95 E23785 3487A!F85 ED95 BD5

!834852R5927485EA2A7A295D4DBB4B858758BB853A5!D=A!A85BD574374D7A2905 σ _m 5F82B385D45297485 E85 7DT295 !29272985 D885 f 5 D45 D35 2974DA485 E85 8BB85 E85 BD5 D85 4A7DBBA985 B85 424AF7F5 E85 B3D!24 85 2975 AE897A385 D35 8A95 E35 !ABA835 !25895 875 D35 8A95 E35 !D42C4DA95 E85 24785 385 BD5 EA77F489AD7A295E8585E83=5!ABA83=5D3C!89785J5875E295B8574374D7A295D3A5J5D885 f 05

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

.

)*D

⁺

,3C5627895326CAA24 - σ

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