Difficulty of Unimodal and Multimodal Landscapes in Genetic Programming
13
0
0
Texte intégral
(2)
(3) !
(4) "#$ %& '() *,+'-/.0+1 +2 "436579857 : 8<; ?= V_>@BCBADAaCF`bE
(5) >GHc(@deIJc^>CBE\AKfB`KAK>M>MgFLON
(6) TKPKCFQSADRUGiTKVWhjCFPKE
(7) Q^ckNQ^@YlKlmX?>@[ZYde@BCBc^L\c^L]CBQ^E\AKGKQSRMg T n$oqp#rtsauBvxw\MyezzBm{
(8) |}w
(9) H~[p#{
(10) y]w)vxp#~[yvx|[vx u[vx~awM|}BU wOyx~[|}|}vU9w\yxp#|ve9|p#{\wMHmzF#pMu[s[x#a~[|~awMea~mvx|}sHuapMx}#|}~[
(11) a~a[wMy]#zF~[J{
(12) |w vx
(13) wOyxk~ xy~[ w
(14) w\ ¯¡
(15) vx¢
(16) |Bp#£w\~W¤ª¥#~[#¢M|¦tvx|<p#§ ~ rt[|p#(w
(17) j#sBu[|}sHyxv]wtw\#yqp~asBj{\yxwMs[w
(18) yxw
(19) {°pM~[vx}}(w
(20) w
(21) r¬_#~ [vp#|yxyxtu[|}¨M{\{
(22) |}vxu[~au[}#vy]Hi"|}vx~ Bu|F¨#©v]w
(23) ~ap~awOK{
(24) vxªaw#|{9vx~a|}s[1w\yxu[p#"¨#[w°y]|} rtv]rt~~ai{
(25) |~[wj¨[{
(26) u[®mp#|}yv«« |}r1jaua}w7vxvxur©|}rt[uB|}pFw°v]9a#vx±|}p#pMp#y~1~apMw
(27)
(28) sH~F#w\uaHy]r1p#vxvxHp#¶w\yxyJ±pp#±y?p³y(vxsB[vxyxw"[pMw"~aawO}s[w
(29) _yxrtp#¨#
(30) #y][#~a|}~ar²B{
(31) «S}v]ua#sa[|}#}|}p#{
(32) ~ayxwJ¨Bw
(33) a1yx±r©wJpye[uBvxw\v][ªaw2vx~a|}w°pMªaK~1yx®pMvJ§ sHvxaw\|}w7rty]Bw)vx|}p#|}yx~$?{
(34) ua´2#~avµ vxv]Fp#~ua~#³a[{
(35) }p#wy]~[)|}ª[~{\yx[yxrtpMwO¸<|~[p¨p#U"vxw\[y°®|tv(·jª[{
(36) w
(37) u[vxua~avw
(38) vxm(^p#[yxy|}wq¨#v]|}w
(39) ~¶~a~a#w\{
(40) ¨vxwJyx|}{1w
(41) {
(42) w
(43) ps[rtyyxyxpMw
(44) w
(45) ~¨y]vDvx#J|}rtpM|}~ vxrt{°|}w
(46) ~a~trt¨BKHs[|wjyxv2|{\{
(47) pM#w
(48) ~a#pM|v2[Bw\^p#w\yxyxy2w°#tvx[2vxw1|}pMyxw°~[w\
(49) v« p³s[yxpM[}w
(50) rt7vxuB|w
(51) awOyxwM® ¹ ºa»j¼H½K¾)¿1À¶Ám¼KÂx¾j» X2L]`KPKE\>)Q^AKÃKfÄ\AKlb>#EO@[L\LeËKckGK>#Q^Z¬L]Ä\CBGHAbQkÊ$N>¶NN`K@BckÄxE\Î$EO>#Q^c^AÏCFÄOf[Q^@B>A AK>ÅÄOÆQ±Ç[N©ÈOÉeCBckNf[@@B>E\Ê$QÄ\PKNQkZY>#A[L1ÄeÅPbÐCBѶLjL
(52) ËDÉ2>#CF>AYAbGÏ`bLOfB>#>#G$AK>C[Ä\LJQ^N1ClKÄ\E\@a@B@[f[cKE\ÌSCB@[ZEjZ<Z<Q^>#AKCFf Í ÅÖ×UÐØUheÙ TDÉ7ËKÒ)`KQÄ2Ä\PÆÇ[NÈ©@[A[PbÄ\CBEOL1@Ó[ËD>>#E
(53) >L]AÚQ±CFlKcaEOE\@>#Ó[LO`K>AWcÄ
(54) LCBÔaA_L]@[`bZ<LO>>ÌS`KN@Bc"`bZ<A[>#Ä\C[>E\L]>`bÕKEO>CFZ<@BAWlKc^>#CÏL"c^PDCBCUEOf[ÓB> >)ËmA>`K>Z9A<ËmÌS>@[E©`KAb@FÌ2GÐÌS@[ÑÛEÐÅL]Ѷ>#>L ÌSN@B@E2Ò>@BÕKE\CFäBZ<>E
(55) lKL9c^>Å Ö àÖ ÜFÙ É©Ù @BPDE CUÓBÖ ÝF><Ù ÉL]PKCB@AbÒ)GiA ÐÆhÞÇBÈtÌS`KÄO@ ADN°ËmÄOQ^>$@BADCÏLtE\Åß>#LOC[>L]> @[AbÖ à CFT Ëb×#ckáF>Ù ÉÒâHCUãAÏÎ lD@BÌCFEOåaÄO`bQ±NCB`KA[c±Ä\CFQEMÌSÎTHQ^deAKc^f >E\lKfBE\`b@B>©ËKCBc^>AbZ G GHQÊ$ãNAW`KcÄ\ÄxPKÎQ^LÌS@BlDE¶CFÐlm>hÞEMTÌS@BÒeE>CY`bLOLO>><Ä)Ci@BÌ(Z<ÌS`K>#ADC[L]N°`bÄOQ^EO@B>AD@FLÌ2â LxÄ\EO`bNÄO`KE
(56) CFc7GHQ±L]Ä\CFADN>ÌS@BEÄOE\>>ML<ÅßLO>> Ö æU٠ɶÄ\@ @F@BNCFÌ©lmc±>NÐE
(57) `bCh6c^ÄOCF@[ÄOlKEJ>¶EOÅë@HÆÄ\Ç[NPb>#ÈCL\âÄ?L]X2>MÒLPK>JÔ">#NA³ÐCBTh6ckcFÒeÌS`b> EO@[LO>#ZìQ^AKZ<f_AKlK@ckÄ\@ÒÚPKÎ<>i@BÆA<L]ÇBÄ\ȶí°CBîAbÄ\ïF@GKðmCBÇ[Z<E\ïG&>#ñOC[Ç9çL]òj`K@[E\ó7è#> CbɳlKé CBLE\Ab@BNGtËbE\@[ckÐ>#L\Z-L]h @Ó[`bGH>L]QkE Q^Ê$AKCBf2NL9`KÄxÒckÄOÄxPbÎ @)>ÏAKÌS@B>@[E¶Ò,AKckÄxÎêZ9Òe@`Kf[Ä\>äaCAKQ^Ä\>AbQkÄO@[GKQ±A NL @BÅí°lmî>ñ°E
(58) ôbCÈÄOî@[ôHE\ñOLïõKËböCBLOôH>#îG ïî@[÷ßA øðYÄOPKù[>úðmÄOúE
(59) îCF÷ßADÈJLxûÌS@[ñOøOEOùBZYñOïFCöÄ\Qk@[öAb÷ëL)ðaù@[A_ÌSEO@[Ò)Z6PKQ±N
(60) AKPW@ÒüLxÄ\@BEO`DAmN°É°ÄOâB`bX2E\PKCB>c(GHÄO>#Q±LxL]Ä
(61) ÄjCFlKAbE\N@B>9ËbQ±ckL1>#Z<GK>L7ÃbÄOAKPb>MCFG Ä ÒeÓB>>2E
(62) LOPbQkCU@[Ó[Ab>L"N
(63) @FPKÌ@aÄOL]Pb>#>¶AV_CBEOÑ>ýì`KAKlKQ^EOZ<@[@HËKGKc^>CFZ cKCBâBAbX2GPK>Z9lb`KEOckÄO>MQ^L]Z<>#A[@ÄjGbL]CFÄOc`DÄOGHE
(64) ÎCFlQ±L7ÌS`KÄ\PKAb>)NÄOÃbQ^@BE
(65) AbL]ÄjL#TFCE\Ä]@Ä\Î[>Z<CBcBlHÄ\ÄeEO>#ÄO>#@ L7åaCF`bADCFG AaÄxÄ\ÒQÌSÎ@. }|Dþ ~a2µ?¨M
(66) o7u[Maz s}|}¨Maw
(67) w° Btb|}zB~DsBÿ yxU´« |~[¨Mw
(68) w\~aFy wO vx?J|{w\®yx#o"#~a#¨B ~® vx³u[U«pMµ}#uBJvx|w\p#v(~yS®(oqBpM
(69) rt®}saDuBw\{\v]vxu[vx|}yxpMwJ~t«?p´ vxw
(70) (³o7|}~9o oqpMrtsaMuB vx[w\[y(µ³zByx{\p|{\w\w
(71) ~aw°{
(72) BwM«
(73)
(74) . . . . . .
(75) lKQkA EO@[>ËKÓ[c^@B>c^Z `HÄOQ^GK@BQADÊ$CFNE\`bÎ$cÄxCFÎc^fB@F@BÌmE\ÌSQk`KÄOPKAbZYNÄOLQ^@BËAbÎYLjÄOÒ)PKQ>Ä\PÆÇ[ZÈâ`KckÄOQ^lKck>¶fBc^@BËbCBcK@BlHÄ\QkZYCÒ)QkÄOPÄOPb>¶LOCBZ<>2ÃKÄOAK>MLOL @FËbÌbCBÄ\LOPKQ^X2N>PKZL]Q^LjÄO`HE\lbÄ\`bCFCFN°lmÄOÄ\Q^`K>@BEeE\A,CBQ^cLe@BÄOlmLxE\Ä\>>EOE
(76) >)`DCN°GHÄOÄO@[Q±`bLxE\Ä
(77) EOL1CF>MAbÄ\GYPbNCB>2CL7Ä `bÌSL]f[@[>M@ÏckG9c^@PbQ^ÒACBL#AbÄOÔGPKÄOÍ>)PKQkAK>1lDÍCFAKPblm>CBÕ>AbEMÄ2GÚTUL]ÌSÒ)>M@BN°c^QckÄOÄ\@Q^P,@BÒAYQk>#Ä#G9f[âQkËa>Ó[Î9#>#NLJÄOÄOPKC9Q^@B>)L]APKGH@[> ÃbE]ÄlKAKEOGHQkÄO>M>#Q^L]@BL\>#NA<AaE\Ä\Qk@FlKL©ÌmÄOÄOÄOQ^@BPbPbA >> Z<Ø f[CBQkQkÓ[Ai>#E\L2>#@[LO`K`KcE)Ä
(78) L2N@BCFADAbNGc^`bÄOL]PKQ^@B>#QkADEL)GKCFQ^AbL\NGÏ`bL\PKLOQ^QkA[@[Ä
(79) A$L2ÌSÄO@B@<E)ÌSC`KÄOA`K`KE\Z9>tËmÒe>@[E)EOä@BâÌ"ÐhÞlKE\@BËKc^>ZYL#â qQ^AbCFc^c^ÎBTKLO>#N°Ä\Qk@[A  [¼ 7»1
(80) Á À¶½
(81) ¾J ½ ?» ¼KÂ]Á Ú½K¾ J ½ ãL]AÏ`KE\Ð>#LѶCBLeEOQk> ADGH ¶QkCBÓZQ±GHZ<`bCBQ^AKc^Lef CFGHE\>Q±LxEOÄ
(82) >#CFlKAbE\N>#>LO>@[AaEtÄO>MCFGckÄO>C[E\LjAbL]CFÄOÄOE\Q^Qk@BAbA³f["â LJ!1@B̳>ÃbGHAKQkf[Q^AKQÄ
(83) f LeCBC AbGHGQ±LxÄxÄ
(84) ÎCFlKAbQ±NN>CFcmËmGH>Q±ÄxLxÒÄ
(85) CF>Ab>#NAÚ>¶f[Z<>AK>#@BCFÍÍ ÄxÖ àÎaÙ lmCF>#A,LJQkï[A$$Ç Ð#bhêø#ÈQ±L7GHZ9Q±L]Ä\`bCFN
(86) ADPNZ<>@BËDE\>>)ÄxÒeGH>#QÊ$>AÏN`KÄOE\cÄM>TB>Mf[LeQkÒ2Ó[>CBALÄO`bPKLO>)>#G³Ä\EOâH>#ã>)ALxÄ\Ä\PKEO`b>tNL]ÄOlK`KQ^E\E\>)QÄ)@F@FÌmÌ(ÄOPbÄOPK>)>)QkAbÆGKÇ[ÈtQkÓGHQ±GH>`bÃDCFAKc±QL#Ä\âFQk@[ãAA Ö ÝFÙ ÄOlDE\@a>L]Ta>>MQÄG<GHÒeQ±QkL]A @[Ä\CF`KÖæMADc±G<Ù N>BCBËDâAb>1G<KËD@[Ò>EtÄ]>¶ÄOÄOGHPb>#E>CFÃDÄ9ÄOAK@ E\>¶>#`bCBNLOLO@[>©@BEOÐA?E\>#T³h LOÒelm@B@B>$lmAbC[>GHE
(87) GHQ^CAK@BÄ\flK@BÄ E
(88) @BLqlmÄOPKÄO>Pb>ÏE
(89) CCFLxÄ\ÄeÄ\@BPbEOE
(90) `bCUL2NÓ[ÅßÄO>¶LO`K>C E
(91) >CFGHAKceQ^>EOGHÕ>MQ^ÄeN°L]Ä\Ä2L]CB>MNAbN°@BNÄ\`b>$Qk@[A[ADÄ\ÌS@B>É°E E\âalbѶÄ\CFEONEO>#NÄj>#@BLtQ^E
(92) AYGHlbÄOQ^EOAKPb@Bf> Í ÄON@ @HGHÄOQ^PbAKQ^fLtÌSZ<`bAb>MCBN°Ä\LOQk`K@[EOA)>[T(fBZ9Q^ÓB`b>AÚL]Ä©ÄOËmPb><>$GHL]>>Ä\Ãb&L Ab%>#G,CBL]Ab`bG N
(93) PW'ÛÄOPb@BCFÌjÄ*ÌS`K(<ADÔN°+,ÄOQ^'@BAD-.L %0CFAb/2GÚ1 Ä\>ãE\3ZâQ^Ab41CBAKcJ><L]ÎNZ9CFAWËm@BÄOPKc±L#Q^T³AKäC @FlKÌ1EOQ^Z<ZYQCBÄ\AaQkÓ[Î >#LeÒ@BCUEeÎHLÄOPKÌS>#@BQkEE2CFÄOPbE\Qk>_ÄxÎBL]âlmX2>#PKNQ>1ÃDGHN#CQ±L]Ä\Ä\Qk@[CFADAÞN>¶@B5Ì Ëm(>ÄxT"ÒÌS@[>EY>#A$>ÕKÄxÒCFZ<@tlKÄOE\c^>i>>MÄO:L PK9 > 6\CFNAb@B;G Z<9 lKc^>Q^ÕHL2QkÄxN#8Î CF7_c±N`K@FÌ©c±CÄOÄ\Pb>#G > QkCFAÏlKlKÄOPKc^Q^E\>#>Gi>tEOL]>MÄON>#`KlbE
(94) LLOÔ³QkÓ[Å >× c^É<Î9 LxR Ä
(95) CFCBEOAbÄOG=Q^AK9fg ÌSEOCB@[EOZ >1@Ä\ÓBPK>> E\c±c^CF>lKÌëÄOlmZ<>#@aGÏLxCÄ1ÄLO`KÄOPKËH>tÄ\EOE\>#@>#@FL Ä2ÅAKL]>#@HR> GH>tÖ æUÙCFAbÌS@BG$E1g ÄOCYPK>GH>#lKL\E\N@HE\NQklK>#L\ÄOLQ^@BQ^A L à ÄO@FX2PKÌ?PK>Ä\>©PKGHGK>Q@?mAQ @?>#ÓB>EO>#E\>#EO>Abc±AbCFNN>©lK>#lb@FL2Qk̳AKNÄ\@[fPKZ<CF>Q^lKc^E)fB`H@BNÄOE\@H>MQkGGHÄOPK>MQ^Z$L1AÏÅßÉ°ÄO>âPKÓBÅ >©>#Aa>ÉlKÄOE\`bK>@[CBÓckEQkc^@[Î<>M`bCBE\L2N
(96) CBPÏLxQ^LOÄ\lb>#>G<liCFQ^Ä\E2CF@E\@F>©CBÌ?A$NAK@B@H>Z9GHÕH>MËblmL)Qk@BAKAKC>MÄ2>#G$AaZYÄ
(97) Q^AÏÉjCÄ\Q^CL2N
(98) PbÒeNQk@[AK>#Z<Qkff[lKPalm`HÄO@[>#ÄOLOGÏ>MQGÄ\L]Qkâ@[`bAbÅ ZiÜ LÉ âT ÄOX2PKPK>Q^L1ÌS@[fBckc^Q^@ÓBÒ)>MLQkAbÌS@[fE>Ä\ÕHPKlK>EO>MGKLOQ^LOL]Q^Ä\@BCBA³AbÔ N>ËD>ÄxÒe>#>A_ÄxÒ@YÄ\EO>#>#BL 9 R CFAbCG 9 g Ò)QkÄOP_E\@@FÄ\5L D R CFADEG D g. Z Z X Y Z FHGJILK M9 ON 9 :P F QD RN D TSVU HF G\ILK M(^] GJ_MF MD W N (^] GJ_MF QD [ Z F MD ON D ;P ` ( QD ba( MD L` dc (L] GJ_MF Qe gG fMh =i G;k i je l( bm U @? @? 0n 5npo 3 rq s Tt uwv GxKJy Mq rP uHv GxKJy Ms :P
(99) z 8uwv GgKJy Mz Pm %{P|+}q N s N t N~N^L^ / N 'P+Lz/ 0( o)+L%l-$' /( :Puwv GxKJy S UpP lnP )mU @?. Å R gÉ Å R gÉ Å Å R É Å g É]É Å × É R Ò)N
(100) PKPKQkc±>GHE\E\>B>Ô AÞÅ@F̶R CÚfB>g AbÉ >4E\Q^N#CFÅ cjFÅAb@RGKÉ > FTqÅ QkÌ g É É aT ÚT"@BEÄOÅ Pb>iÉ>#Q±Z<L9lHÄ\PKÄxÎê> ÄOE\>>Ï@B̶@FÄOÄOPbPb>> E\Ò)Q^LO>BlmT"@[CFL\AbL]Q^G ËKc^> >ÒeÓ>#CFQkf[c^`bP[CÄ
(101) Ä\LJ>#Ä\GÏ@<@BAKAÏ@HÄOGHPK>#>LËmE\@>@Fc^@BÄ)AK@Ff[Ì"QkAKCFf9AÄO>#@YZ<GHlHQ ÄxmÎ$>#EOÄ\>#EOAa>#Ä>1c^Q±>L Ó[K>âDc±LdeCB@[AbAbG LxÄ
(102) CFAaQ±L)Ä C$NQ±L2@BAb`bL]LOÄ\>#CBGA[ÄÄO@<`bLOfB`bQ^ÓBCF>c^ckÎ$GHQ N
(103) mPb>#@[EOLO>#>AaA Ä QkQkA AbGKLOQk`bÓN
(104) Q±GHP `bC<CFc±ÒLtCUÒ)ÎYQ^ckÄ\cjPbËDC>$Ä N@ GK>#ã G,âK`bãLOA QkAKZ<f @[Ä\L]PKÄ>$@FL\ÌqCFÄOZ<PKQ±>$L)L]lbÎCBAalDÄ\>#CFE#ÕÚTb>CBÕKLNQ^>#A lHÄ)Ö àÌSÙ@BE)CFADÄ\PKG > Ök×V_Ѷ٠T³ý Qâ >BÌSâ?`KNAb@BNAbÄOQ^LO@BQ^GHA³Í T >E\QkAKf Å C ÉLO>Ä @Bà ÌeTCBÌS`KAbADGN°ÄOLOQ^@9@BAD@[LADÉe CFT Ab$G$T CLOQkT(AK>f[Ä\ck>¶NBâ³ÄOÒ)>#EOQkZ<ÄOP Q^AbQ^CFAbc NE\>#C[ÅßL]QQ^â AK>Bf â CFE\QÄxÎ Å ÚÅßQâ É >Bâ aÉjC[LJÅ ©ÌS@[É ckc^@Ò×L#TÔ YCB× AbâaãG,A$ÄO@BPb`b> Ej>ÕHÌS`KlmAb>E\N°QkÄ\Z<Qk@[>#A&A[Ä
(105) Ò)LjQ^Òckce>ËDÒ)>Q^ckGKc>CBÃbckAKÒ2>MCUG ÎHL7CBL]L>ÌSÄ @[ckc^@ÒL#R Ô F Å É Å É CÒeFAb>#G Qkf[P[ÄMâDX2PKà Q±â LQ±L¶Î,Nä[@B>A>#ÓBlK>#QkAKAbQ^f >AaÄ)ÌS@BE1ÐhìCB× L)TqQkÄOÄ1Pb>iPbC[GHLQ Ëm>>E\>#>A AbNAK>#@FLÄ\>#AKGi>#CBÄOE9PDCÄ\Ä1PK>ilbEOEO@[@fB@FE
(106) ÄCFZYPbCUL2ÓBN>Ï@BAPKÓ[Q^fB>PKE\fB>#g >E å[`bQ^N
(107) äc^ÎYÄO@YCÃKÕH>#GÏE\@a@BÄ)lD@[E]Ä\Qk@[A Ök×B×Ù â.
(108) ¼½DÀ¶Ám¼KÀ½ 2 À)¼8 q¼KÂx¾j»& ³½ (¼H¾J½ ãÒ)A QÄ\PêÖk×#ÜFÄOÙ PK>Y4Ä\é )EO>#>#>$Qkc^ckGHÎ Q±Lx`bÄ
(109) CFL]Ab>MG&N>$Ä\PK>Z<> lK>#c^GH@QkÎBÄ$>MGWGHQ±LxPKÄ
(110) >#CFEOAb>[NTâ >BPT7KÒ)>ÏPKCFQ±N
(111) c±L]PÞ@_Q±GHL<>E\Ãb>AKc±C>MÄOG >MG L]`KÄ\Qk@bÄ\CBT7ËKËKc^>Y`HÄY>#GHAKQk@BÄ9ÄY@BQ^lmGH>>#E
(112) AaCÄOÄ\Q±@BNCFE
(113) L c lK>CFÕHAb`KlKGÞE\lDc^@FEO@aÄ\>#L]CFc^>[CFÄOÔ#Q^ÄO@BPK>MA_@G&Ò,CBÄ\AbPKÄ\@¶G >Z4Z<>ÕH>#Ä\lKC[@ c^L]@B`KÐE
(114) E\C>jh6Ä\QkCB@[AbZA G `HQkNÄ\Aê@[CFÄOAaÐQ^ÄO@Bh"E\A³@Bâ>âcFPÄ\PKPKK>>2> LxCFÄ\`bc±>L]LO@Ïl9>#G LOL]Qk`Kè#ÄOf[>jPKfB> @B>MÌbLx>MÄ\NGH>#E\Gi@[QÄ$L\ÄOL]GHPD@Q±Ó[CL]>Ä1Ä\ECF>MADQ^GHA NQk>iÄ@BE
(115) GHÌSGH@BQ±>E$L]E?Ä\CFCêÄOAD@1GHNËb>9Q@?mCFNc±>#CF@BEOAb`K>#AaNc±G >Ä ËD >>E\`b>LO>ÒeÌS>`Kc7Ä
(116) CFQ^A_ä[>1Ä\PK`K>l L]>ÄOÕH`DC[GHN°Î Ä\ckÎY@FÌÄ\ÐPKQ±hìL)c^ÃKC[Ä\LxÄ)AK>#lmL\@BL©Q^Aac^CBÄ#Abâ GKL\NCFlm>#L#TmËK`HÄ GHQ±G_AK@BÄGH>#ÓB>#ck@[l ÄOPK>Q±LOLO`K>Bâ LÄO]PK>#A[>Ä\X2>#NG PK@H>$GHQ^QkA AbÌS@[f ÄOckPKc^@ÌS>9`KÒ)Abc^QkC[N°AbLxÄ\f Ä1Qk@[LO@BVA >#lmN>(<ÄOE
(117) Q^C@BGHÄOA >@[ÃDE\CFAKL AD>#G GPbCUËaQ^ÓBA Î>$ÄOL]ËmPK>M>N°>9>#Ä\QkA&Òe@[@[A Q^AbEOäÏàL]lbT³QkQkA ÒE\>#>$ÖkG ×#GHÜFËÙ>âDÎ,ÃDЩAKÄO0> Q^PbÓB>Ï(>#A GHQ±ÄOLxPKÄ
(118) >CFÅßAbEOL]>MN>L]>Ä\lmbL >#GH%-N>ÄOÃbQ^AKCFÓBAb>#QkÄOckG Q^Î[@BT 'A ( lbCBZEOAb>G ÉÍ CB+L%L©ÄO-.Pb>'pZY/[âCFÕV Q^Z9@BE\`b>Z @Ó[>ÅSEME\Ta>#LOf[lmQkÓ[>#>N°A_Ä\QkÓ[C$>c^LOÎBÎTmZ9ÄOPbËm>Y@Bc ZêQ^AKLOQ^`bZ9N
(119) P `KZ$Ä\PbÉ©CÓÄ CFc^`K><oÄ
(120) +LCF%äBX >#
(121) -.AWZ ' ËÎE/(CBAb@BG AÚ(FÄOÅ Pb?><É GK@BZY( X CF Q^A CFCBAbL)GÚC<CÏlKE\LOQkÎZ<Z9QkÄOËmQ^ÓB@B> c i4LO`bN
(122) L]Pi`bN
(123) ÄOPWPbCFÄOÄPb(FCFÅ&Ä Ii ( (FoÅ?+LÉ]%É:P-(F' Å?/YÉCFS ADEG × (FCBMÅAbi GÉ v F ( ÅMX i É)TC[ÒL>CGHlK>E\ÃbQkZ<AK>[QkÄOÔ Q^IÓB > ( LO(FX`bÅ ?N
(124) P É ÄO@BPbA CFC<bÄ (BfB Å> Abv > E\F Q^N¶Å i ÄOE\É]>:É *> P9 (FÔ Å i É a × âHX2PK>AÏÒe>NCBAÏGH>ÃbAK>1ÄOPK>©ÌS@[ckc^@Ò)QkAbf9>#GKQÄ\QkAKf@Blm>E
(125) CÄ\@BE
(126) L Ä (FÅ ?*É !"$#&%')(+*,%-#.% 0/1! âmÑ lKE\QkZ<QkÄOQ^ÓB>c^CBËD>#ckc^>#GWÒ)QÄ\PÚCiL]ÎZËD@[$c &LO`bN
(127) PWÄOPbCF* ( X
(128) Q±L?LO>c^>#NÄO>#GQ^& A 9&CFADG1E\>lbc^C[N>#GËÎ I2 ( (FÅ ?É°âMÑ&AK>#Ò,E
(129) CFADGH@BZìÄO>E\Z<QkADCFcBAb@GK>JQ^L ÄOCBPKGK> GKZ >#G G<fMh Ä\LO@t@BÄOAiPK@FQ±LeÌ AKI> Ò ( (BAKÅ â?@HÑìÉ°GHTb>1lKÒ)QkE\APKQ^Z>C E\Qk>ÄOE\Q^CBÓBG Ab>©Q^GHL)c±@BCFNZ Ëm@B>Z<lDc^cklK>M@aE\G$L]Q^QkLOÄOÒ)>#Q^@BGÏQkÄOAÚPÏËmÅS>CQÄxâ >[ÒL]âBÎ>Ä\Z>PKA ËD>¶@[m<AKc >#CFi ÒüAD=G ÄOLO>`buwE\N
(130) v Z<P$GxKJQkyÄ\ADPbÅCF?CcbbÄÉ]ËmÉ(F>#â ÅNi @BZ<7É ># L 3'4"5#.%'6(+*,%-#.% 0/1! EÌSO( EO>#X @[lKZ c± CBT(N9 >MCFGtâADG,ËÎ LO`b N
(131) v P, F ÄOMÅ PDi CÉÄâUCFÑÞÄ9E
(132) ckCF>MAbCBL]GHÄ @[Z¯@BAKck>>MC@FÌxÌ2TMËDPK>Q^LÄxÒeL]>#@[>AbA LtÄ\Q±PKL >2C L]@[c^>#AbCFL³Ìx@BT³ÌKQ^LÄOPKL]Q±>#Lqck>MAKN°@HÄ\GH>#>BG,TMQ±QkLqAGK9 >c^>CBÄOAb>MGG X2CFAbPKGÏ>2ÒeÄO>#>#EOckZYcäL)AK÷ë@-ð Ò)82A ïFîú1ùFñ\CF ø AD9 G CBÇ[Abú G 8)ïF í î#Hú¶ñ°÷ëPb;ð CU:ÏÓB>2Z9Ëm`K>Ä\>#CAÄ\Qk`D@[AbL]>MLG9ÄOPDÄ\@ CÄ)CUÓBPb@[CUQ^ÓBG>NCF@[c^AHE\>#ÌS`bCBLOGKQkÎ@[AËm>Ò)>#QkA ÄOPlKÄ\EOPK@[>¶lD@aLOQkL]Z<>MG$Q^c^CBQ^A E Ðh"âbX2PK>©ÌS@Bc^ck@Ò)Q^AKf<lKE\@Blm>EOÄxÎYPK@Bc±GKLtÅSÄOPK> lbEO@@FÌ"CFlKlm>#CBE\LQ^A Ö×æMÙ É°Ô =³àóâ2>ñOÄMø\=³éûbL>ú.Ä ñ°N0î@[9<>AbLO=@Q^?BGHCBAb>#A9E G ÷±í°Ä\9 îPKïF>iðmËmÈ
(133) LO>Dú >WC$Ä
(134) L E(ÄxÒûK%@&úñOCFïÄ\ADîEOø>#GGñ>#Li' FJNøF@[CBðKAbZí°Gê÷±lmí°î@[ÄOúPbLOðm>#>Ï2ÈG<HN?@HËaGHβQ^AKLOfWÎZ9ÌS`KËmAb@BN°c±L$Ä\Qk@[ËmAl>c^@B($AKGKf[>QkAKÃbf AK>MÄOG&@ Q^A +L% LO>#-N°Ä\Qk'p@[A / CFF AbG\ILG K Å c^9 >ÄMé L<9 R NÉ @BAbP LOQ^GK>TDgE ÄOÄ\PbPK>> AEU&9 CFADNCFG A nÚËmN>@B@BAbËHL]Ä\Ä
(135) CBCFAaQ^AKÄ\>#L G @BÌSÌ1E\@BGHZ|>ÃbAK9 QkÄOQ^Ë@BAìÎ CÅ × LOÉ >#åaÄO@W`K>#ËmAb>iN>>#åa@F`bÌJCFI ceÄO>M@ GHQ× Ä\Qkâ"Abãf Ì @BZ9lm`H>Ä
(136) E
(137) CCÄOÄOQ^R Q^@B@BN A?ADâ gLTmÒ)PK~>E\>YCFAÚ>#GHQkgÄOQ^AKf @Blm>E
(138) CÄ\Qk@[AWNCBAWËm>$CFAWR Q^.A KDCFÄO><Z9`KÄ\CÄ\Qk@[AW@[Eg CiGH2> KDCÄ\> KE\@BZ Ä\PKQ±LlKE\@Blm>EOÄxÎBTKÒ>9N@BAbNck`bGK>ÄOPbCFÄÄOPK>@Blm>E
(139) CÄ\@BE
(140) Le@BÌ7Qk.A KmCÄO>9Z9`HÄ
(141) CÄOQ^@BA_CBAbG GH>Í KDCÄ\>Z9`KÄ\CÄ\Qk@[AÞCBEO>N@BZ<lKc^>Ä\>c^ÎêN@BPK>#EO>#AaÄÒ)QkÄOP&Ä\PK>Ab@FÄOQ^@BA @FÌ1GHQ±L]Ä\CFADN>ÏGK>ÃbAK>MG&Q^A L]L]>MlbN°C[ÄONQ^>@BA ÌSEOà@[ZTmQâ >BC$âÄ\CFEOAÚ>#>9CFÄ\lK@ÏlKc^QkQ±Ä\NLCÄ\AbQk>@[Q^A_fBP@FËDÌ7@[Ä\E\PKL©>#CBLO>N#N@B@[lmE\GH>E
(142) Q^AKCÄOf@[ÄOE\@ÏL¶CFÄOc^Pbck@CFÒ¯ÄtGK`bQ^L1L]Ä\ÄOCB@ÏAbNZ<>[Mâ@ÓBL,>9>Y@[A NCBÄOckcqPb>ÄOPbLO>>#CBAbE\>N
(143) Ò P ÐÅQHVh WlKÐEOh@HNÉ°>#â L\L)ËbCBLO>#Gi@[AÏÄ\PK>#LO> @[lD>#E\CFÄO@BE
(144) L)L]ÄOE\`bN°Ä\`KE\CBcZ9`HÄ
(145) CÄ\Qk@[A fB>Ab>ÄOQ±NlKE\@Bf[E\CBZZ<Q^AKf .
(146) & ³½b . (»j¼8 TaÀ ¼ ã@FA<ÌwCBmckcHm >mHÕHmlDE\>#CBEOAbQ^Z<GH@[>ZAaÄ\c^L7ÎYLON
(147) PKPK@@[Ò)LOA>AYQkAQ^AbÄOGHPbQ^>2ÓQ^ÌSGK@B`bc^ckCF@Ò)c±LQ^âHAKѶfbckTcmÆÄOÇ[PbÈ">1Pb>C[ÕL"lmËD>>#E\>Q^ZAY>#NAaCBÄ\c^NLe`KPbc^CFCUÄOÓB>M>1G9ËDÓ>#Q±>C©AÏCtGKL\@BCFAKZ<>1lKÒ)c^Q^QAKÄ\Pf fBPb>CFAbckÌ?>Q^E
(148) AKCQÄOÄ\Q^Q^@BCBADckQ^CFè#cqCFÄOÐQ^@Bh"A³TTaCÄ\@BÄO`K@BE\Ä\AbCFc"CFZ<lm@B>#lKA[`bÄ)c^LOCF>ÄOc^Q^>#@BN°AÚÄ\Qk@[LOQ^A$è>@FÌq@FÌL]Q^è× >m mY× mbQ^Ab@â GHL²Q^ÓPKQ^GH>#Ai`DCFL]c±Ä\LCBTAbE
(149) GKCFCBZ<E\lDG>MÐG_hÞPbCBPbcC[ÌLeCFËmAb>GÚ>#AC `bÒ)L]PK>M>GA T[ÄOHVPKW>©ÐNE\h @[L\L]Pb@CBÓ[L>E7ËmE
(150) >C>#ÄOAÞ>¶>#PbZCBLelbËDck@>#Î[>>#AGLOTq>AKÄe@êÄO@ NE\Ý[@[ØL\ L]@Ó[CB>AbE GPbÄOC[PKL>©ËDZ9>#`K>Ä\AüCÄ\`bQk@[L]>MA$G E
(151) CCBÄOAb>G&ÄO@$Ä\PKm >i E\T[CFÒ)ÄO>iPKQ^@Fc^> Ì ÄOLxÄ\PK@B>©lKÄxlmÒ>#@9GAK>>#QkÄOÒìPK>#Z9E"`KÒ)Ä\PKC>Ä\A<Qk@[C¶Alm@[>lDEO>#ÌSE\>#CFNÄOÄJ@BL]E
(152) @[LJck`HPDÄ\CBQkL@[A9ËD>#Pb>C[A LqËDL]>>#Äe>AÄ\@ ÌS@BÝa`KØ Ab GiâHÅSX2f[PKck@[> ËbÐCFch @[lHlbÄOEOQ^@HZ9N`K>MZ$LOLeÉ(Pb@BC[E"LeÒ)ËmPK>>#>#AA Ø × ÄOQ^m Zm$>MfBL>â Ab>E
(153) CÄOQ^@BADLPbCUÓ[> ËD>#>A_>ÕH>#N`KÄO>#G³âѶckc">Õlm>E\Q^Z>#AaÄ\L1PbCUÓB> Ëm>>#AWlm>EOÌS@BE\Z<>#G mHm.
(154) . %!$'>
(155) 2%-#&!@'/ '#.%- /M!. =< >. ! 0(/ 3$#?A@B #;C. ^QäaÑL¶AbA$fB@Q^Ò)CFÓBlbA9>lKA @BEOlK@aËCBÄOÎÏQ^N
(156) Z<PÄOPKCblK>âFE\Щ@BEO>#lmQkc^Ó[@[CF>LOÄOA>#Q^@BGC©AbÌSLOL\@BPKCFEeQ^Z<liÐlKËmÑ1c^> >L Äx ÒÖ Ý>Ù P>#L]A Ä\+ CFÃK ÄOÄO>MAbL" >#ÄOL\PbL1CFCBÄeAbCF G AYGH/Q^AbQ±@BLxGHÄ
(157) Ì1Q±CFN$AbCFQ^NÄOAb>tQ^@BGH@FA<Q^ÓÌ7@FQ^ÄOGKÌPb`blK> CFE\cafB@BÃK>#ËbAKÄ\ck>#AK@FZ6>#ÄxÎL\L]Pblm>MCB>#L"L2E\CFGHÌSAbAbE\@BG>#ZL\C L N@B@BlHE\Ä\E\QkZ>#LO`KlDZ @[AbTaGHÆQ^Ç[AKÈf¶Q±L\L¶CFGHZ<>lKÃbc^AK> >M~ G_CBP L#ÔB+ ÆF ÇBR rÈ N F P!g NL@#" @N $F R N TD/2Ò)g @FNLPKÌH@>#Ä\@EOPKN >[7> Ô t GH& Q±LxÄ
(158) CFP AbNR >#L?ÄO@Z Ä\PK)Å > AKZ >#a CBEO >MÉLxÅ ÄqF fBZ c^a@BËbF CBÉ c Q^CFLAbÄOGPKZ<>>#NCB@AbÓCFL7E\@FQ^CB-Ì Ab N>CFAb@BG*Ì âCBЩAbG QkÓ[~>ACBÄOPbAb>),G ÄO%+E\" &)>%>#T $ L]+ ÄOI E\`bT N° ,Ä\`KCFE\Ab>)G @FÌF fBI >CFAbE\>t@FÄxÄOÎ (PblD>9' >MLLxÄ
(159) TF[CFÄOAbPKR Gb>CFAbE
(160) @BG E\Z<GH>CBÓckQ^Q±è#CCFÄOQ^ÄO@BQ^@BADA L lÄOKPKEO>©@[ËKZYc^>CZ ÕHQkZQ^Le`KAKZ @BÄ@FCtÌ?Ä\CBEOckQ^cbÓÄO~Q^PKCB>©cD@[lDAK@a>¶LOLOQ^Q^AiËKckÐ>©h"GHâQ±Lx!1Ä
(161) CFQkÓAbQ±NGH>#QkLJAbËmf>CBÄxckÒcD>ÄO>#PKAY>©ÄxGHÒQ±Lx@ Ä
(162) CFÄOAbE\>N>M>#LJLeQ^QkA$AÄ\ÄOPKPK>1>LOLO>#CBCBZ<E\N
(163) lKP$ckQ^AKLOlbf CBËNÎ > ÄOQ^PbL7PKCB>¶AbL2@FÄxËmÄjÎa>lbC>#Q^AÏN#lKCFE
(164) Ä
(165) c^CBCBckÎ<NN
(166) ÄOäQ±`bc^N>#LOCF>#G$c^GYc^Î9Q^A ZYCFÖlKCF ÕlbÙ âHQ^ckZ9Q±ãNA CB`bËKZ Ö àUck>2Ù Ä\TmZ<EOde>#>>¶ckÄ\>#GHPKEO>#f[@HlH`KGÄO>T[PiLOCFQ^CFAbAbAbGiNGY>)NQk@[@ÄjlDÒÒ>#@BE\@BE\CF`KäBÄO>#c±@[G9E\EjLjf[CF`bQkE\Ó[L]Q>>MÄxÎGÏÄO@ÓC @tCFc^6\c^`KCBL]>#`HEOf[L#Ê$â>)NX2CQk>#PKAaA[Q^`bLeÄ\ckZ9lKÎE\Ëmc^@BCB>ËKE7EOc^f[>ÌSL>@[Z 7 E QkÒeAa>tÄO>#@[fBËH>#Ä\ECBNQkAÏ@BADÄOLxPKÄ
(167) >9CFAaAKÄ2@BÄOE\@YZY@BCFËKc^QkÄ\è#CF>#Q^GiAÏGHÄOQ^PKL]> Ä\CBAbAb@BNE\>Z<ËmCB>ckÄxQ±ÒL\C>ÄO>#Q^AÏ@BAÏÄxÒ@FÌ7@GHÄOQ±E\Lx>Ä
(168) >MCFL)AbËN>#ÎL#âGH Q^Óa>Q±GHE\>BQ^AKTDf<L]Q^Z<ÄOPbQk>c±CFQ^E¶E\ckGHÎ<Q±LxÄ\Ä
(169) @ CFAbÖ NÙ > T Ëa>Z<ÎÚlHÄOÄxPbΩ>@BZYAK>[Câ#ÕHѶQ^Z9L(`KL]`bZfBfBÓ>MCFLxc^Ä\`K>#>G©ËmQ^A >ÄxÖ ÒÝFÙ >TU>#ÐAêÑ&ÄOPKlK>iE\@BGHËKQ^c^L]>Ä\ZYCBAbL³NN#>MCFL At@BËmÌ>JÄ\>PKZ<>ÏlKL\Q^CFE\Z<Q^N#CF>Yc^ckÄxÎÒN@ c±CBÄ\L\EOL]>#Qk>#ÃbLt>MG1ÌSE\Q^@BAZ0ÄOPbÄOEOPb>#>> ×UØ ÒÄO)NPKc±PKCB>#L\Q^EON
(170) L]>Pi>MLQ^ÃKL1TMGHÄ\ÓAK>Qk>#lmEOL\ÄO>L`bAbCBQ^GKAbckQkc^AKNÎ EOf©>MAKCB@B@ÏLOA >#NÄOL2@BPKE\Ò)>eEOQk>#ÓUÄOc^CBP_CFckÄO`bGHQ^@B>jQ±LxA @FÄ
(171) ÌHCFËmAbÄ\>PKNÄx>">BÒT Æ>ÇB*$>È"A_!N3 ÃK@!ÄO>AK/ÊY>M4GNLOL©Qk! >#AaCFdÅ ADÄ#a Ô GW(m GH ×M .Q±ØLxÄ
(172) ';CF #&AbÆ3$NÇB>9 È!0CF/ ADGÅÆm Ç[ ×MÈ2Ø 1lÉjQ^m A Ò)PKÉT#Q±N
(173) Q^PA %5 #& ./#6 %87 /9: 4JX2PK#;> 3 L]>MÅNÆ@[ÇBAbÈ G k Nc±a CBL\m L ×UNØ @[ÉmEOQ^E\A >#LOÒ)lDPK@[Q±AbN
(174) GKPtLeÃKÄOÄ\@YAK>#lbL\EOL?@[Q^ËKAbckN>#EOZY>MCBL2LOÌS>#@BL³EC[Ò)LPbÄOPbQ^N
(175) >jPifBÄOc^@BPbËD>9CFGHcBQk@[ÊYlHNÄOQ^`KZ9ckÄx`bÎÏZ¯NCBCBA³lKé lKĶE\ËD@[>tC[N
(176) >MPKLx>#Ä\L#QÍ â ÄOZ<Ö ÝFPKÙCF>9ÉÄOâ >MÃKGÄOAKTD>MËmLO>#L]N#ÍGHCF`bQ^L]LOÄ\>¶CBAbÆÇ[N>È1GKLON#@aC>MÄOL]ÄOA?>éE\Ä©lKËKc^@FEOĶQ^AKZYfiCUCFÎiAÎÏfBQ^ÓBQ^AH> ÌS@[Q^AHEOZYÌS@[CEOZYÄ\Qk@[CA³Ä\Qkâb@[ãA_A_@BÄOA PKQ±lbL1EON#@[CBËKLOck>B>#TDZ >ÕKGHCFQZ<Ê$Q^NAb`KCcÄxÄ\Î Qk@[A ÅL]>#@F> Ì *$!0 % 0/1!0. ?@FX ÌE
(177) CFÄOlYPK>#ÌSQk`bE AbN°GHÄ\Q±QkLx@[Ä
(178) AbCFAbL NÖ > ØÙ ÌSCBE\@Bckc^Z@Ò²ÄO@BPKAK>Ú>¶@BÄOlH@<Ä\GHQkZ>ÃD`KAKZ >¶TÄ\PKCBAb>1GüÃKÄOÄOAKPK>M>,LOLGH@BQkÊYÌÄONPK`K>©ckÄxQkÎüADGH@BQkÌtÓQ±ÄOGHE
(179) `bCFCBl c^L2ÌS`KCBADLN°CtÄOQ^ÌS@B`bADAbLN°Ä\NQk@[CBAA.
(180) ËD >$GgK N
(181) Pb CBI}IAKfBQ±L>MG_CË`KÎWAKQ^LOZQkZ<@HGKlKCBc^ÎWcÄOZ<E
(182) CF@HlÏGHQkÌSÌS`KÎAbQkAKNf ÄOQ^@BLOA @BZ<QkÌq><QkÄlbQ^CFL)E
(183) CFGKZ<>Ãb>AKÄO>>ME
(184) GiL#âQkAiÑ ÄOPbÌS`b>AbÌSN°@BÄ\c^Qkck@[@AÒ)Q^ ²AKf<Ô ÒFHG\CUILÎK Ô u@ (2p1 × a F QÌ F;k s s "Å F :É P D[Å F asÉ @FÄOPb>E\Ò)Q^LO> × as Ò)Z9PK`K>Z E\> THAKF @[EOQ±LtZYÄ\CFPKc^Q^>Ïè>#GKGQ^L]L]Ä\@CBAbCBNLe>$ÄO@@BÌ2ËDÄO>#PKck@[>AKNf`KÄOE\@EO>#ÄOA[PKÄ>©QkE\AbCBGKAKQkÓfBQ±> GH`bÖ m CFcj×ÙÌSTEO@[CFZ Ab=G Ä\s PK>_CFôHAbðD=G ÷ D ôbú CFE\fB>1c^@BNËb@[CBAbcJL]Ä\@BCFlHAaÄ\Ä
(185) QLÍ ËD@BAK>#ck>Ï@[AK@FfBÌQ^AKÄ\PKf_>ÏÄ\@[@ lHÖÄOm Q^ZYN ×CÚÙ âCBsAbG CFc^D c^@ÒLO>L Ä
(186) L Ä\@,Ä\PKLO>>ÄQ^E<ÄOEOPK>#>ic^CFÒ)ÄOQ^Q±ÓBG>ÄOPüQ^Z<@FlDNÌ@[Ä\E]PKÄ
(187) > CFAbCNÄ]>BÄ\â E\C[N°Î&Ä\QkÓ[N>@BADËbLxC[Ä\EOL]`bQ^A NÄOÌSQ^@B@BE<A³T(>MCBÄOPbN
(188) P > GHNE\QÊ$>#CBNLO`K>#LYcÄxÎÞC[L@FÌ1ÄOPKÄO>WE
(189) CFÓUlÞCBckÌS`b`K> AbN°@FÄ\Ì&Qk@[D AbL$GHGH>M>MNNE\E\>#>#CBC[LOL]>#>ML#LâKC[@[LE$ÄOPKCê> Z<Ó@BCFE\c^`K>_> GH@F>*ÌÄ
(190) CFsQ^ck>MGÞQkADN>E\ÕH>#lKCBc^LOCB>#AbL#CT"Ä\Ò)Qk@[PKAÞQ^ck> @BÌ1QkÄ$Ä\E\QkCBAHl Í ÌSCB`KL1AbÄON°PKÄ\>Qk@[AblKLjE\@BLOlm>@B>2EOÌSÄO@[Q^E7@BA_QkAD@BLxÄ
(191) ÌJCFÄOAbPbN>> E\Ö `KàÙAbâ L¶qÌSQ^@BfBE`KE\Ò)> PK× Q±N
(192) LOP_PK@Ä\Ò PK><ÓfBCFc^c^@B`KËb>ML7CBc(@FÌm@[lHÄOPKÄOQ^>¶Z9lD`b>#Z E]ÌS@[PbEOCBZYL©CFËmAD>N>5> AW_ÌSÅß@BGH`K>ADÃbGWAK>MQ^GA ck@B>MËHLOÄ
(193) L CFÄOQ^AKPb>#CBG A ËØ Î m m N
(194) Pbf[CB>AKAKfB>#Q^E\AKCFfYÄOQ^@BÄ\PKAb>LÓ@CBÓ[ck>`KE >ML¶× m @Bm ÌJÄOE\Pb`K>AbL
(195) NÉt@BAbCFAbL]Ä\GêCBA[@BÄ
(196) ÌJL Æs-ÇBÈ9CFÌSAb@BE EG ÓDCBâEOQ^X2@B`bPKLt>ML]ÄO>E
(197) CF>lêÕHlDÌS>#`KEOAbQ^Z<NÄO>Q^@BAaAbÄ\LL Pb@BlHCUÓBÄ\Qk>2ZËm`K>Z >AâKX2lD>#PKE]>tÌS@[LOEOCBZ<Z>#>©G<>NÕH@BlmAb>LOE\Q^QkGKZ<>E\>#QkA[AKÄ
(198) f©LÄ\PbPKCU>)ÓBÄO>1E\ËD>>)>#>E\Ai>lblDEO>#>ME]L]ÌS>#@[A[EOÄ\Z<>#G>#GQ^A<`bÃbLOQkfBAK`Kf<E\> CBL× Åf[N#ckÉ7@[ËbC[CFL"cÄO@BPKlK>¶ÄOfBQ^Z9c^@B`KËbZCBc ÄOå[PK`D>¶CFc^ÄOQE\Ä
(199) >C>#ÄOLeQ^ÓBL]>#PbckÎÚ@Ò)CFAYAbCBQkAYck@[ÃDfB@BfB`D`KLE\> Ä\@ à CBÄOPKAb>YG<@[ÄOPbAK>¶>#L©E\>#@FLOÌ`KÃbcÄ
(200) f[L¶`KÅßEOAK> @FÄ2× âL]PKãAê@Ò)CBAYckcJPbN#>CBE\LO>)>#L)ÌS@BÆEeÇ[c^ÈtC[N
(201) Q±LtäN@B@BÌ?AKL]ÃblbEOC[Z<N>U>MÉ7G_CFÄ\E\@> ËDLxÄ
(202) >9CFAbCGKE\CB>#E\C[G L]@[ÐAbhÞCFËKÌSc^@B>E)Z<`K>#AbCBQkZ<LO`K@HE\>©GKCFÌSc³@BE¶ÄOE
(203) åaCF`blÏCBÌSA[`KÄ\AbQÌSN°ÎÄ\Q^QkAK@[f<AbL#lKâ E\@BËKc^>Z-GHQÊ$N`KcÄxÎiËm@FÄOPiÌS@[EBHVWÐh²CBAbG .
(204) 0* %- (/,3#?*@* #;C *!0 %- /M!. à >QkA AbAKNÖQ^>áZ<Ù @F@Åß̶GbQkAHCFC_ÌSc³@[`KEOÄ\ZYAKE\CBQ±CBå[lck`bc^ÌSÎÏ>`bAbN#fBCFN°c^@BÄ\c^ckQkËD>M@[CFGlAbcjL¶6 @[LGHlH>MÄOLO7Q^NZ9ÄOEOE
(205) Q^`bËmCFZi>#liGiâ"ÌS`KX2QkA_AbPKN>LOÄO>#Q^NÌS@B`KÄOAbQ^Ab@BL#N°TKAjÄ\fBQkb@[Q^ÓBAbâ >#LAiCF`bE\ÄOL]>tPK>M>#N
(206) G QkPbE)PKCFÄxE
(207) >#ÎCBEOlK>NQ±ÄON>CBCBE\Abc³Q^GêèL]>#PDGÃbCFE
(208) ËlmL]Ä9Î$> lKL]ÄOPKPbE\@B@> lmÒ)lK@[A E\LO>#>#Q^L]AG Í Ãb@BAfB`KØ E\> ÓÜCFÉqE\Q±CFCFE\ËK>ec^>#N
(209) L1PbCBNCFE\C[c^c^N°>#ÄOG>#EOs Q^è>MT
(210) Gs ËÎTÄOsPK>FT
(211) lKD E\>#LO>CFAbAbNGC>e@BD ÌDL]>#CBÓBAb>#GiE\CBÄOcBPbfB>c^Î @BËDNCFCBcaA @BlHËDÄ\>QkZY>ÕHCKlKâE\X2>#PKL\L]>#>MÎ GÏGHË>Îilm>ÄOADPbG > ÌS@Bc^ck@Ò)Q^AKfÌS@BE\Z9`Kc±CKÔ R g R g × a F QÌ Fpk s R s R D BÅ F a s É R s a s R QÌ s R klF;k s g "Å F É P g R D R BMÅ s a F É QÌ s klF;k s g sbas g D g BÅ F a sUÉ @FÄOPb>E\Ò)Q^LO> ×a s ÒÄO)PKPK>1>lKE\r> EO@[s lDR>#E]T Äxs Î g s T s k T s D R k CFADs G D Zg `bCBL]EOÄe> PKN@[@Bc^AbGL]âÄ\ÑìCBAaLOÄ\ÎHL)LxËmÄ\>>ZYc^@BCAKÄ\f[Q^N¶QkAbLxf<Ä\`bÄO@YGHÎ<Ä\PK@F> ̳lKQ^A[E\Ä\@B>ËbE\ckÓ>#CFZ c ÖGKm QN Ê$×Ù N`bCBcAbÄxGÎ R g.
(212) Performance (p). Fitness Distance Correlation (fdc). 1. 1 0.5 0 −0.5. 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1. −1 1. 1. 1. . 0.5. 0 0. R. . 0.5. 0 0. R. B. E. . B. D. D. D. D. TC. TC. TC. TC. TC. Performance (p). 1. D. C B w h e re :. . 0.5. 0.5. =. TC. B. 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1. B. 1. A A A AA A. { {\spM~aJ¦#v]#}¦~u[vxw
(213) eOpÿ ?#~ajv]##~#1[}ua® w\y]$j O^´2p#ÿay2µ,µw\p#^yp#±rtpyyxw)vr y]vy]#sa#~a
(214) s<{\® w ±u[{ ~as OÿK{\"vxzFM|}vxp#u[~a}ua{\jvxw
(215) u[pMJ[yxp#w)v](p|}z ³~aYw°vx<a´2w)µWvyx^w
(216) p#{Owayj#uav~ay]#¨#w°Ysa|}~a
(217) ¨t® vx ap#Os[w)ÿ[vx#µ|}r©#w\}yu[ua^rw\p#eyxr |p~<?#~[vxvx[[{
(218) www wO¸[sHwOyx|rtw\~Fvx(yxw
(219) sHp#yvxw°|~ O "#~a O® 0.5. X X X XX X. . . . . . . 0 0. R. .
(220) . 0.5. . B. . . D. E C. C C X. X. X X. C. X X. X X. C X. X X X. X. B A. X. A X. B X. A X. X. A X. X. C X. X. B X X. X. ¦ b¦b§ [w2vyxw
(221) w
(222) Juaw
(223) <#JpMsBvx|}r 1|}~<w\¸BsHw\yx|}rtw
(224) ~vx7~#}p#¨MpMu[evxp©vx[w2pM~[w
(225) Jp#ªa¨Mu[yxw M®. .
(226). ÌSäa@BAbE$@Ò)Zck`K>McGHÄ\fBQkZ<>[T³@HAKGK>CBÓ[c¶>c±E CFAbËmGK>>#L\A&NCBlDlm>M>L<EOÌS@BÓE\Q^ZC >MCBGêA ËDCB>ckÌSf[@B>E\ËK>$E
(227) CFQ^A Q±Ni>QkÓBAD@[GHckQ^`KN#ÄOCQ^Ä\@B@BAbE$CBEOLOÎW`bN
(228) NP²@BZ<CBL lK`HÆÄ
(229) Ç[CÈ$Ä\QkPb@[C[A³LâTT" ¶Ä\@&>E\>$@B`bQ^LE ÄOÃKPKPKÄO@>AKÒ¬>MLOLO>#@[LCB`KÅxE\EYP N
(230) PêLxÄ\× `bLOÉJlbGHÄOCBÎ&@N><ÄOPbPKC[CBQ±L<AbLeG,ÄOËDE\>#Òe>>>[Aü>$TLON#lD@CF>#c^C[E]cJÌSLJ@[QkÄiÄ\EO@Z<øñ°ZY>M÷GùBCBÔ7÷ëäBðbÒe>¶âq> QkX2ÄN
(231) PKC PK>@Af[@ack@[ÒL]Ëb>i>$CFCÚcmCF@BEOlDÄOlHCFQkÄ\ÃDEOQkNZÄOQ±Q±NCF`K`Kc^Z c^c±ÎWCFâHECBX2L\ÄOPKL]E\Q^>>fBA³> AêTHËmQkC Ì?>c^ÒZY@BAK>©Cf[ÕHLOQk>Q^AbZ9ÄfWÄO`KPbÄ\Z @> D R N@BAbL]Ä\CBA[Ä©ÄO@ × T³CFc^c"ÄOPK>Ä\EO>#>#LPbCUÓQ^AKfiCiAK@[EOZYCBckQ^è>MGÚGHQ±L]Ä\CFADN><>#åa`bCBc(Ä\C ÄOCFPKAb>G@BÄ\E\PaQk`Df[LjQkA³CFTbE\fB>)Q^ÓBfB>c^@BAiËDÄ\CFPKcK>@[lHGHÄO>Q^ÃbZYAKCQkÄOÄOQ^@B@A @bâ[@BX2rÌ Òe6 @9LLO7>E\ÄOQ^E
(232) >#CFL7l @BÌÌS`b>AbÕHlDN°Ä\>#QkEO@[Q^AbZ<L>TmAaPbÄ\CUL7Ó[PD> CUCÓB>)ÃKËmÄOAK>>>MAYLOL1lm@ >#>åaEOs `bÌS@BgCBE\cZ<ÌSÄOE\@@B>#ZG× T Ãb`bfBL]Q^`KAKE\f,*> ËDD@BÅC[ÄOPÉeQ^L¶HVWN@BÐADL]h Q±GHCF>AbE\>#GÞGÏLxCBÄ
(233) LCFAbÄ\PKGK>tCBE\@BGÞE\QkÐf[Qkh"AêâqÅSãc^>AÞÄMé ÄOL¶PbN>CFc^ÃbcE
(234) ÄOL]PbÄQ^L2@[AKÄ\EO>B>#Tq*> ÄO9Pb>R É°Ä\â EO>#>ÏE\>lKE\>#LO>AaÄ\>#G Q^A.
(235) R1. Fitness (f). R2. B1. B2. B3. ¶|}~vx w\yx¦ #b¦# ´eFB y] saSn a® |}{°#7 yxw
(236) s[ yxw
(237) w\~Fv]F®bvx|}pM~,pvxw1p2vx v)B|$vv]y]~a#{
(238) s_w\)±u[#~a~a${\vx|}ª[p#vx~W~aw
(239) J|vxyxw~[n p#yxr #}#|}
(240) w°Y |}~vxp9vx[Fw Distance (d).
(241) .
(242). .
(243) . . . . D X.
(244). . . . B. D. C. . A. C. C. ¦ m¦D§ "p©vyxw\w
(245) ea°B|}~[¨©~[p#yxr #}|}
(246) w°[|}v]#~[{
(247) w)w ubvxp ©Hw\vqw
(248) w
(249) ~vx[w
(250) r<® Ø ÌSNQEOCFk@[ADc±ZNN`b>c^9 CFÄOÄOPKR >T>QÄOÌ2ÄOPbE\Ò>1>>><ÆÇBQkLOAWÈ>TDÄ&ÃbÄOfBPKD `b> R EOZ<>2ÄO@ Q^DAKÅß×Q^ËDZ9É9CB`KAbÅSZ GÄOPbsCF@FÄ©Ì"g Ä\ÒÄOPK@><>9Nm GHCF Q±Ø c^Lxc Ä
(251) ÄOCF9 PKAbg >#NÉA>#PDL29 CBÌSg LE\@BQ±C$Z LtAKCÏ9 @[f[EOZYck@[CFCBËbADckCF=G Q^ècq>M9 @BG_lKÄOGHÄ\Q^@$Q±Z9LxÄ
(252) >#`KCFC[Z AbN
(253) PiN>ÄOÄO@E\@B@b>Ì<â> m X(Q^ A@ ÄOAKPK>>YÓ[>L\EJCFlKZ<E
(254) lKCBc^NQkÄOAKQ±fiNCBQ±ckLtc^Î N>@BÕHADlmL]Q±>GHE\>QkZ<E\>#>#G A[Ä\Åß>#CBGbLtÉLOâ[`KX2f[PKfB>1>#L]GHÄOQ^>ML]G ÄOE\ÌSQ^@BËKE9`HÄOÐQ^@BÑ1AYL@BËÌDÎ Ä\PKB>#@[LOR >;AK>#6OL©ZQ^Q^A AKQ^g Ö Z9ÝÙ `KTZ >ÓBGH>#A_Q±LxÄ
(255) Ä\CFPKAb@BN`K>#f[LP7 PbEO>#CBfBLY`Kc±ËmCF>E>#A²L]PDLxCFÄ\lm`b>BGHT³Q^>#CBG L©Qk@BÄ A Q^L©C Ä\PKL\CF>YZ<NC[lKL]c^> >ÌS@F@B*Ì EH`Km AKmHQ^m Z<mW@HQkGKAbCFGKc"QkÓÄ\E\Q±GHCB`blWCFÌSc±`KL$ADCBN°AbÄOQ^Gü@BADQÄÏLYCBÅSE\lK>#lmLO`K>#CFcÄ
(256) E
(257) LLAKÄO@F@ Ä PDLOCUPKÓB@> Ò)AC PK>E\>©ÌS@BE)c±CBN
(258) ä$@BÌqLOlbCBN>MÉ°â L]L]`KQ^AbE\N>2Q>tkÄOADPbÒN>1>>GHÒÄ\QkPKÊ$CB>#AaNLOÄ>`KÄ\ckL]Äx@Y>#ÎEOËDQ^@B>#> ÌLeÃKCB@FËKÄO̳AKc^>1>>MÕLOÄ\Ljlm@$>c^CBLxE\Ä\AbQ^Z`bGKGH>#L\ÎNAaCBÄ\ÄOlDLePK>MEO> L7>#GHlKÒ)ÎEOQ>MAbÄ\L]P$CB>#Z<AaZ<ÄQ^@BN#CtL2E\>2ÃD@FE\ÄOÌqPbL]ÄOÄCBPKAYCF>9Ä]@BÄOÐ>#AKZ<hü>¶lHfBlKÄ2c^E\@B@HÄOËb@9NCB>#cK`DL\@BL2L]>lHQ^A Ä\ÆQkÇBZGKÈe>`KÄOÄ\Z @CBQkT[Z<cTHCB>#ÒAbCFG > Í Pb@BlHCUÓBÄ\Qk>ZYGHCK>MâHNX2Q±GHP>#`bG³L#T[THCBC LeE
(259) C©CFÃbAbE
(260) GHLx@[ÄeZ L]ÄO>#AKl³@BTFE\ZYÄ\@ CF`bc^QkLOè#>)>#G<ÃKÄ\ÃKAKÄ\>#AKL\>#LJL\c±L2CFGHAb@Q Gb?mLO>#N#EOCF>#lmA[>#ÄLJÌSE\N@B@BZAaÄ\CB× QkAKPDQ^CBAKLftËD@[>#AK>ckAiÎÄxCFÒE\ËK@tQÄ\fBE\c^CB@BEOËbQ^c^CBÎ c CBGHL\AQ ?L]Q^>fBE\AK>>MAaGêÄ7ÌSÄOE\@,@BZ >#C[9 N
(261) P âBÄOX2E\>PK>iQ±LJPbN
(262) CUPKÓ@[Q^Q^AKN>BfÚTC,@FÌGHNQ±@[Lx`KÄ
(263) CFE
(264) L]Ab>[NTF>ÏCFck>MÄOå[>`DE
(265) LqCFceÄOPbÄOp>@6 m L Ø 7©ÌSE\ÄO@BE
(266) CFZlÌS9 `KR AbNCBÄOAbQ^@BG AbCÚLeGHfB>>#ÃDAKAK@FQÄxÄ\ÎQk@[lmA > CFN@BAbADG L]Q±Q^GH.A >KbE`bÄO>PKAbQ±NL1>#L1N
(267) PbÄOg@BPKQ±>N> ÃKÄ\lmAK>>#EOL\ÌS>#L¶Nc±ÄOCFc^ÎlADGK6]LOÌßN#CFCFQ^Elm7b>BTKTmfB>Q^Ó[ÓB>>#A_A Ä\ÄOPKPb@BCF`bÄ1fBÒP_>9@[CFAKE\ck>tÎ AKZY@FCFÄ1E\QkfBAaQ^ÄOAb>#CBEOck>Mc^ÎBLxÄ\âm>#ÑG AQ^ÎA ÒÄOCU>MÎ[LxÄ\TbQkÒAbf> ÆX(ÇBCBÈ"ËK@[ck> A×L]Ä\LOCBPKAb@GKÒCFE
(268) L¶GtC$ËmLO>`KAbËbN
(269) LOPb>Z<Ä©CB@FEOÌ"äHÄOL#PbTU>ËK`H>ÄJÕlmE
(270) C>ÄOE\PbQ^Z>Eq>#Aa@BÄ\A<CFCFc(EOEOÄO>MQkL]ÃD`bNcQ±Ä
(271) CFL)c^ckÄOÎ PDGKC>Ä1ÃbÒAK> >MG PbÃbCUÓ[ÄOAK> >M@BLOL"ËKÄ\c±CFCFAbQ^AKGb>MLOG N#CFÒ)lmQ>#Ä\L#P â ÄOÓUPKCBQ±ckL `b>#ÃDL2E\@FL]ÄÌ sLO>E\ TQk>Ms Lt @FÌ)CFAbÄ\jG>#L]Ä\D L#T?â ËÎ,LO>ÄOÄOQ^AKfEs g Ä\@Em Ø CFADGD R ÄO@ × CBAbGêËÎÚÓCBEOÎQ^AKf ÄOPb> R g XX X X X X X. . . X. XX X. . XX X. . . .
(272) 7vs[y]yx#w°|}¨MB|}{\vvx|}® pM~ z BY® ´2µ B®vO´2µ « B ® nn «« BB®® vvy]y]##|}|}¨M¨Mvv®® BB®® BB®® nn «« BB®® vvy]y]##|}|}¨M¨Mvv®® BB®® BB®® nn FF®® rtrt|}|}}}w°w°MMBB||~[~[¨¨ BB®® M BB®® nn F® M rt|}}w°MB|~[¨ B® B® ° Jp# ~a¤[[w)
(273) w\yx w[ pvxJ[¦ w~·jp#|w
(274) yx~9|}¨#u[ª|}~¨#vxu[q|yx"p#w vx[we (vyxu[aw
(275) sw|}~a¨©av]#p°z ~aJY[~7´2|}±µ_~ pyeª#sH~a¨MuB wOyyx±w p#v]yxr ~ ["~ay]#{
(276) 9~aw# ® ´2vxµ [w±p#y7w
(277) {
(278) p#~wO9v7p#¨M}pMa#bvpMs[y]vx#|}r1stua^uarì~a{O|vx"|p#vx[~aw .
(279) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(280) .
(281) . . . . . . . .
(282)
(283) .
(284). .
(285)
(286). . . . . . . × EOÒe`K>,ADL\ЩPbÉ9CUQkÓ[ÓBCF>>,AbA²GêGHÄ\>#Ä\PKNPK>WQ^>iGK>#>#ckQ^G²AKZ<@BÄ\E\QÄ\@ÞZ<>#G&@Blb`bEOLO@HLÏlbNCBA>#N`K>#>ÏGZ9CUËmC[Ó>L$CFEiQ^ÌSc±@[CF@FckËKÌ c^@c^>B>ÒÕT(L#lmÒeÔe>>iE\ÌS@[Q^ZNEÏ@B>#`b>MAac^CBGHÄ\N
(287) LÏA?P²é lDÄ<Ä\>#E\L]E]CBPKÌSl@[@EOÒ Z<ÌS`K>#CBADG6ckN°ceÄOÄOQ^Åß@BCFPKAËm>i@BE\ÅS`K>#Q±ÄGHLO`K>AacÄ
(288) mHÄ\LmQÃbâqmH>MX2m&GìPÐ`bËhLÎ T lbGHQ^CFL\EONÄOCBQ±NE\`KGKc±>#CFG E2CFÓc^CFc(c^`KÄOPK>M>9L)@FÄOE
(289) Ì CFs lbLR T ÌS@Bs E© Ò)CFPKAbQ^jG N
(290) P_D ÄOg PKÉ°>©TDÒeÆÇB>È1PbQ^CUL©Ó[N>@[N#Z<CFlKc±NEO`KQ±LOc±>#CG Ä\>#ËmG>ÄOÄxPKÒ>>>ÆVAÇ[Èâma X2m PK×M>Ø A?CFTKADÒeGC>mPbCU×MÓ[Ø > T ËÌSD`K>MAbNN°CFÄ\`DQk@[L]><AbLiAK@ ÅßLO>>>ÏÕlmLO>>#E\NQ^ÄOZQ^@B>#A AaÄ\DCFâ c7× É°E\Tâ>#LOb`K@BckÄtE<ÒeC_@[LO`K`Kc^ËbGÚLO>fBÄQ^ÓB@B><Ì2`bÄOL9PK>ÏCFA@FÎ_ÄOPb`b>LOE>ÌSÄO`KE
(291) cjCFlêQkAHÌSÌS`K@[EOAbZYNÄOCFQ^@BÄOQ^Ab@BL#AÚT ÌS× @Bm Em ÄOE\Pb`K >#AbLO>L Pb× CUCFÓBE\>2>)Ëm>>Ab>NA<@B`KlmE
(292) >CFEOf[ÌS@BQkAbE\fZ<CB>#AbGGYÒ)LOQ`KÄ\PYfBf[ËD>#@BL]ÄOÄJ;P ÄOPbHVCFWÄ(ÐÆÇBh ÈNCB@BAb`KG<c±G<LxÄ
(293) ËDCFAb>1GbCtCFEOE
(294) >MGCBÐLO@Bh"AbHâ CBËKc^>#>)LO`KZcÄ
(295) >MLJCBLOLO`KPKE\@>2Ò)ÄOA<@ QklKAE\Ä\>#CBGKËKQ^Nc^>Ä lKQkAiEO@[Ä\ËKCBc^ËK>c^Z > × GHQkCBÊ$EO>N`Kåack`bÄxÎ CFc^QkÌSÄ\@BCEtÄ\QkLOÓ[@B>Z<c^Î> LOÄxQkZ<ÎlKQ^Q±c^NCBCBE*c CF6AbLGÏ7ck>MCBÄOE
(296) GÏCF`bl_L2ÌS`bÄ\@AbN°Ä\Ä\PKQk> @[AbL\LCFâ³Z<X2>tPbN>@BE\AD>#NLOc^`K`bckL]Ä\Q^L©@BADAKL@Fâ Ä LOPK@Ò)A ÃbQfBkAD`KNÑE\>> AbÄOØ CBPbÅßck>t@[CafBÉ?AK@BC[@B`DL(E\L2ZYÄOPK>CFÕH>2c^lDQk@Bè#>#E\>#EOQ^GifBQ^Z<Q^GHA>Q^L]CFAaÄ\ADÄ\CBLG AbPbNÄ\CU>PKÓB>Ëm>tÄO>E\CFÄx>Òc±>LO>@YQk>#AËDAÏÃb>#Ä\>fBPKA `b>#EOLOlm> >©>Ø EOÄxÌSÒeÅß@BËD@E\ÉqZÄ\CBEO>ML(>#GiÄO>#PKL2Ëa>)ÎiQ±L)LO>#N>#@[Nåa@BAb`bAbL]CBQ±G9GHc>#fBÄOEO@;c^@BQ^AKËbm fCB× caÄOTPK@[Ä\lH> PKÄOQ±ÄOQ^LE\Z9>ÄO`b> Q^ZZiQ^A > â . D. D. . D. D. X X X X. X X X X. B. B. X. D. X. A. ¦b¦D§ "p©vyxw\w
(297) ea°B|}~[¨©~[p#yxr #}|}
(298) w°[|}v]#~[{
(299) w)w ubvxp Hw\vqw
(300) w
(301) ~vx[w
(302) r<® . X. X. X. X. X. X X X X. . .
(303). gÌSEO@[Z Q±L× LO>Q±ÄLÄ\C[@;LOLOmQ^fB ×AK>MCFGAbÄO.G @<D CFRc^cDÄOÄ\@ PK>1× âÄOE\41>>#AbLeN> PbCUCFÓf[Q^CBAKQkfA?TKCC<GHE\Q±LxCBÄ
(304) AbCFGHAb@BNZÛ>¶>#AKåa@B`bE\CBZYcmCFÄO@$c^Qkè#m ># G× ÃKÌSEOÄO@[AbZ >#L\ÄOL¶PKGH>©@Q ?m@B>#AbEO>1>#AaQ^A Ä ÃbEO>MfBL]`K`KE\ck>Ä\L©Ø @BÅßCaÌJÉÄOPKCFQ±AbLtGÏLO>#CNf[@[>AbAKG_@BÄxLOÎ>E\lDQk>>ML©GH@FQ@?mÌj>#>EOÕ>#lmA[Ä2>E\ÌSQ^E\Z@BZ>#AaÄ\Ä\LPK>CFE\@B>AK>LOPKQ^@AÒ)ÃbAWf[`KQ^A_E\> Ä
(305) CFØ ËKÅSËDc^> ÉâKà Ñ âX2LO`KPKËb>MLOL]>>Ä)EO@B>MÌ?L]`bÄOcPbÄ
(306) >L s.
(307) CFCFE\Ab>1Gi>#LxAbÄ
(308) NCF@[Ab`KGbE\CFCBE
(309) fBGiQ^AKÐf h"Ä\â@@<CBAbGLO>>#Z ÄO@YN@BAHÃbE\Z ÄOPb>tÓUCBckQ±GHQkÄxÎ$@FÌ(ÄOPK>)ÆÇ[È2ËD@BÄOPiÌS@BE HVÚÐh. 7vs[y]yx#w°|}¨MB|}{\vvx|}® pM~ z BY® ´2µ B®vO´2µ « B ® nn «« BB®® M vvy]y]##|}|}¨M¨Mvv®® BB®® BB®® nn «« BB®® vvy]y]##|}|}¨M¨Mvv®® BB®® BB®® M FF®® rtrt|}|}}}w°w°MMBB||~[~[¨¨ BB®® BB®® ° nn n F® rt|}}w°MB|~[¨ B® B® # n Jp# ~a¤[[w)
(310) w\yx w[ pvxbJ[¦ w~·jp#|w
(311) yx~9|}¨#u[ª|}~¨#vxu[q|yx"p#w vx[we (vyxu[aw
(312) sw|}~a¨©av]#p°z ~aJY[~7´2|}±µ_~ pyeª#sH~a¨MuB wOyyx±w p#v]yxr ~ ["~ay]#{
(313) 9~aw# ® ´2vxµ [w±p#y7w
(314) {
(315) p#~wO9v7p#¨M}pMa#bvpMs[y]vx#|}r1stua^uarì~a{O|vx"|p#vx[~aw . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(316)
(317)
(318) .
(319) . . . . . . . . .
(320) . . .
(321) . . . .
(322)
(323)
(324) .
(325). . . . .
(326)
(327) . .
(328) . . .
(329)
(330) . .
(331)
(332) . . . HQkG A E\CUÄ\Ò ãPKAÏ>ÏGHCFN#>ACBÃDÎ<LOAK>$>QÄ\Ó[@FQk>Ó[Ì)Aa>ÃbÄ#NTaÄO@[AKÄ\PKAb>MLO>©NL9c^`bCBc^Z<LOCBQk@[Ab@BAbGK`KL#L\AaÔNÄ2CFZ<@FlmÌ?CB>#ALE\>#ÎWNLO@[`KZ<A[ckÄ\@BÄ
Documents relatifs
To test whether the vesicular pool of Atat1 promotes the acetyl- ation of -tubulin in MTs, we isolated subcellular fractions from newborn mouse cortices and then assessed
Néanmoins, la dualité des acides (Lewis et Bronsted) est un système dispendieux, dont le recyclage est une opération complexe et par conséquent difficilement applicable à
Cette mutation familiale du gène MME est une substitution d’une base guanine par une base adenine sur le chromosome 3q25.2, ce qui induit un remplacement d’un acide aminé cystéine
En ouvrant cette page avec Netscape composer, vous verrez que le cadre prévu pour accueillir le panoramique a une taille déterminée, choisie par les concepteurs des hyperpaysages
Chaque séance durera deux heures, mais dans la seconde, seule la première heure sera consacrée à l'expérimentation décrite ici ; durant la seconde, les élèves travailleront sur
A time-varying respiratory elastance model is developed with a negative elastic component (E demand ), to describe the driving pressure generated during a patient initiated
The aim of this study was to assess, in three experimental fields representative of the various topoclimatological zones of Luxembourg, the impact of timing of fungicide
Attention to a relation ontology [...] refocuses security discourses to better reflect and appreciate three forms of interconnection that are not sufficiently attended to
