HAL Id: halshs-00745976
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00745976
Submitted on 26 Oct 2012
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of
sci-entific research documents, whether they are
pub-lished or not. The documents may come from
teaching and research institutions in France or
abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est
destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents
scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,
émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de
recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires
publics ou privés.
Barranquilla la belle, chaleureuse et tropicale - La place
de l’ambiance thermique et du microclimat dans
l’aménagement et la planification urbaine
Kattia Villadiego Bernal, Hervé Domenach, Marc-André Dabat
To cite this version:
Kattia Villadiego Bernal, Hervé Domenach, Marc-André Dabat. Barranquilla la belle, chaleureuse et
tropicale - La place de l’ambiance thermique et du microclimat dans l’aménagement et la planification
urbaine. Ambiances in action / Ambiances en acte(s) - International Congress on Ambiances, Montreal
2012, Sep 2012, Montreal, Canada. pp.709-712. �halshs-00745976�
!"#$%&#'('!"#$%&#''''')'
*+,
'!"##"$%&'((")(")*+((+,)-."(+&#+&/+)+0)0#12'-"(+))
!"# $%"&'# ('# %)"*+,"-&'# ./'0*,12'# '.# (2# *,&03&%,*".# ("-4# %)"*5-"6'7
*'-.#'.#%"#$%"-,8,&".,3-#20+",-'#
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
$"' $&"3*-,)' -*$*%#' */' 2%7%)"3*/0' -"4/$&*%#8' 9/' $.*#' 3,3%&' 1%' ,33)*%2' $.%' :(;' #6#$%+' 3&"3"#%2'<6'=$%1,&$'>'?@%',/2'#$42*%2'$.%'2%+"A#3,$*,)'26/,+*B4%'$"'-),##*C6'$.%' -*$6'"C'D,&&,/B4*)),'*/'(")"+<*,8'E%'C"4/2'$.,$':(;'#6#$%+'*#',2,3$%2'$"'-*$*%#')*@%' D,&&,/B4*)),5'/%7%&$.%)%##'1%'.,7%'$"'$,@%'-,&%'1*$.'3,&$*-4),&'-"/2*$*"/#8' ;'<=30(4>#*,&03&%,*".?#*30$/3%36,'#20+",-'?#(<-"*,12'#(5*374$".,"%'#
3$0#14&-0'1$)
AP.EV%U%E$'CK/U.$/^M%<'_K"$'F%'CP.K%M&<'#$&%##'$P%&U/^M%'%$'.M$&%#'NP?E"U`E%#'CK/U.$"K"D V/^M%#' N&%EE%E$' F%' NKM#' %E' NKM#' Fa/UN"&$.EC%' F.E#' KaM&T.E/#U%' %$' Ka.U?E.V%U%E$' M&T./EI' 6.&.E$/&'F%#'C"EF/$/"E#'F%'C"E["&$'%$'F%'#?CM&/$?'F.E#'K.'>/KK%<'E"$.UU%E$'K"&#^Ma/K'#a.V/$'F%' >/KK%#' $&"N/C.K%#' %E' F?>%K"NN%U%E$<' %#$' F%>%EM' ME' %Eb%M' U.b%M&' c7X%<' G.%#K%&' d' 7K##"E<' ;,,+eI'f'N.&$/&'FM'C.#'Fa?$MF%'F%'K.'>/KK%'F%'8.&&.E^M/KK.'%E'A"K"UT/%<'E"M#'E"M#'/E$?&%##"E#' g' Ka.E.Kh#%' FM' U/C&"CK/U.$' %$' g' K.' U"&NP"K"V/%' M&T./E%' %E' N&%E.E$' %E' C"UN$%' K%#' FhE.D U/^M%#'F?U"D#N.$/.K%#I':"$&%'"Tb%C$/['[/E.K'%#$'Fa.T"M$/&'g'ME%'U?$P"F%'F%'N&/#%'%E'C"UN$%' FM'U/C&"CK/U.$'F.E#'Ka.U?E.V%U%E$'M&T./EI'5"06#'+(/)+0)760.14+))
:%'#*$%'2FG$42%''
8.&&.E^M/KK.' %#$' ME%' >/KK%' F%' ;I;,HI,iB;'P.T/$.E$#<' #/$M?%' .M' E"&F' F%' K.' A"K"UT/%' %$' NK.C?%' %E$&%'K.'U%&'F%#'A.&.jT%#<'K%'[K%M>%'H,02,)%/,'%$'K.'U.EV&">%'FM'!.&C'=,),+,/-,I'2%'CK/U.$' h'%#$'CP.MF'%$'PMU/F%'k'%E'U"h%EE%'BlmA'F%'$%UN?&.$M&%'%$'l+n'FaPMU/F/$?I'SE%'U.M>./#%' C"UT/E./#"E'Fa.C$/"E#'.E$P&"N"V?E/^M%#'%#$'g'K.'T.#%'F%'K.'N&"TK?U.$/^M%'M&T./E%'F%'C%$$%' >/KK%I'2a.K$?&.$/"E'F%'K.'[&?^M%EC%'%$'Ka/E$%E#/$?'F%'C%&$./E#'NP?E"U`E%#'U?$?"&"K"V/^M%#<'K.' F?$?&/"&.$/"E'FM'C"E["&$'$P%&U/^M%'F.E#'K%#'%#N.C%#'%o$?&/%M&#'%$'KaPhN"$P`#%'F%'Ka%o/#$%EC%' FaME%' F/#C&/U/E.$/"E' CK/U.$/^M%' g' 8.&&.E^M/KK.' #"E$' K%#' N&/EC/N.K%#' &./#"E#' N"M&' K%#^M%KK%#' E"M#'.>"E#'CP"/#/'C%$$%'>/KK%'C"UU%'#/$%'Fa?$MF%I'
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
I8'.$$3JKK11182,/%80"78-"K*/2%L83.3M"3$*"/N-"+O-"/$%/$>7*%1N,&$*-)%>*2NPQ>9$%+*2NPR8'("/#4)$G' )%'IS',7&*)'RSIR8'
*;+
')'''''BEF'1E$%&E.$/"E.K'A"EV&%##'"E'3UT/.EC%#<'@"E$&%.K'B+;B' !&"-G24&%#' 2%'$&.>./K'#%'F?&"MK%'%E'F%Mo'NP.#%#<'ME%'NP.#%'%oNK"&.$"/&%'%$'F%#C&/N$/>%<'%$'ME%'F%Mo/`U%' NP.#%'.E.Kh$/^M%I'f'N.&$/&'F%'Ka%E#%UTK%'F%#'F"EE?%#'C"KK%C$?%#'F.E#'K.'K/$$?&.$M&%'#C/%E$/D [/^M%'%$'P/#$"&/^M%'&%K.$/>%'g'K.'>/KK%'F%'8.&&.E^M/KK.'c2K.E"#<'B++*'Q'L.ECP%Z<'B++H'Q'W%&%Z'd' W%&%#<'B+;+'Q'@%&$/E#<'B++*'Q':pb%&.<'B++,e<'E"M#'.>"E#'?$.TK/'ME%'CK.##/[/C.$/"E'N.&'N?&/"F%' Fa?>"KM$/"E'M&T./E%<'%E'U"E$&.E$'K.'FhE.U/^M%'F?U"D#N.$/.K%'F%'K.'>/KK%I' 4.E#'K%'F"U./E%'F%'K.'CK/U.$"K"V/%<'K%#'#C/%E$/[/^M%#'"E$'F?>%K"NN?'F%#'#h#$`U%#'F%'CK.##/[/D C.$/"E'M&T./E%'%E'["EC$/"E'FM'CK/U.$'c="M%$'d'!/V%"E<'B+;;'Q'4%T'd'9.U.CP.EF&./.P<'B+;;eI' :"M#'.>"E#'&%$%EM'K%'#h#$`U%'F%'CK.##/[/C.$/"E'N.&'Z"E%#'CK/U.$/^M%#'K"C.K%#'c:"-,)'-)*+,$%' T"/%#'R'2Aqe'N&"N"#?'N.&'7X%'d'L$%].&$'cB++,eI'A%$$%'U?$P"F%'%#$'%E'C"M&#'F%'>.K/F.$/"E'%$' E"M#'%E>/#.V%"E#'Fah'.NN"&$%&'E"$&%'C"E$&/TM$/"EI' :"M#'.>"E#'U/#'%E'NK.C%'ME%'C.UN.VE%'F%'U%#M&%#'^M/'#a%#$'F?&"MK?%'FM&.E$'K%#'F%Mo/`U%' %$'$&"/#/`U%'#%U./E%#'FM'U"/#'F%'b.E>/%&'B+;BI'' 4%'[.r"E'#/UMK$.E?%<'E"M#'.>"E#'U%E?'ME%' %E^Ms$%'.MN&`#'F%#'N.##.E$#<'NM/#'.>"E#'/E$%&>/%]?'F%#'.C$%M&#'F%'Ka.U?E.V%U%E$'M&T./EI' :"M#'M$/K/#%&"E#'C%#'F"EE?%#'K"&#'F%'K.'NP.#%'.E.Kh$/^M%'F%'E"$&%'$&.>./K<'N"M&'K%'C.KCMK'F%#' /EF/C%#'F%'C"E["&$'C"UU%'K%'!5G'c=tN%<';,,,e'%$'K%'!@0'cW.EV%&<';,*BeI'86/&(0"0/)+0)4'/-&//'1$)
2a.E.Kh#%'F%#'FhE.U/^M%#'F?U"D#N.$/.K%#'E"M#'.'N%&U/#'Fa/F%E$/[/%&'^M.$&%'N?&/"F%#'C.&.CD $?&/#$/^M%#' F.E#' Ka?>"KM$/"E' F%' K.' U"&NP"K"V/%' F%' 8.&&.E^M/KK.I' 4%' ;u++' g' ;,++<' K.' >/KK%' %#$' C.&.C$?&/#?%' N.&' #"E' .&CP/$%C$M&%' >%&E.CMK./&%' %E' v'8.P.&%^M%'w' ["&U.E$' F%#' &M%#' ?$&"/$%#' F"E$'/K'E%'#MT#/#$%'.Mb"M&FaPM/'.MCME%'$&.C%I'!M/#'F%';,++'g';,u+<'F%'E"M>%.Mo'^M.&$/%&#'F%' $hN%' v' 0/KK%' x.&F/E' w<' F%#$/E?#' g' K.' CK.##%' #"C/"D?C"E"U/^M%' #MN?&/%M&%' c7#N/E"<' B++H' F.E#' LpECP%Z<' B++He<' #"E$' C"E#$&M/$#' .M' E"&FI' 3M' #MF' #%' $&"M>%E$' K%#' ^M.&$/%&#' F%' K"V%U%E$#' #"C/.Mo<'K"V%U%E$'"M>&/%&'%$'P.T/$.$#'#N"E$.E?#'/KK?V.MoI'5E#M/$%<'%E$&%';,u+'g'B+++<'.NN.D &./##%E$'K%#'Ty$/U%E$#'%E'P.M$%M&'.M'E"&FD%#$'F%'K.'>/KK%<'Ca%#$DgDF/&%'#M&'K%'C.F&.E'K%'U/%Mo' >%E$/K?I' 2a/UN%&U?.T/K/#.$/"E' F%#' #"K#' %#$' g' Ka"&F&%' FM' b"M&I' 5E[/E<' F%NM/#' Ka.E' B+++<' ME%' E"M>%KK%'FhE.U/^M%'M&T./E%'#a%#$'/E#$.KK?%'V&yC%'g'K.'&%N&/#%'F%'Ka.C$/>/$?'C"E#$&MC$/>%'%$'K.' U/#%'%E'NK.C%'F%'NKM#/%M&#'N&"b%$#'M&T./E#I'A"EC%&E.E$' K.' CK.##/[/C.$/"E' U/C&"CK/U.$/^M%<' E"M#' #"UU%#' N.&>%EM#' g' ME' N&%U/%&' F?C"MD N.V%' F.E#' K%^M%K' E"M#' .>"E#' /F%E$/[/?' PM/$' Z"E%#' C"&&%#N"EF.E$' .Mo' N.&.U`$&%#' F%' K.' U?D $P"F%'L$%].&$'d'7X%<'N.&U/'K%#^M%KK%#'E"M#'%E'.>"E#'#?K%C$/"EE?'C/E^'N"M&'ME%'?$MF%'NKM#' .NN&"E["EF/%'c>"/&'[/VM&%';eI'
:"M#'C"E#$.$"E#'^M%'K%#'C/E^'Z"E%#'?$MF/?%#'U"E$&%E$'ME%'C"&&%#N"EF.EC%'.CC%N$.TK%'.>%C' K%#' Z"E%#' N&"N"#?%#' N.&' 7X%' d' L$%].&$I' A%$$%' CK.##/[/C.$/"E' #%UTK%' /E$?&%##.E$%' N"M&' F%#' ?$MF%#' g' Ka?CP%KK%' F%' K.' >/KK%<' C.&' K.' U?$P"F%' %#$' #/UNK%' g' U%$$&%' %E' NK.C%<' %KK%' M$/K/#%' F%#' N.&.U`$&%#' T/%E' F?[/E/#'Q' E"E"T#$.E$' %KK%' %#$' ME%' .NN&"CP%' #/UNK/[/?%' ^M/' N&?#%E$%' F%#' [./TK%##%#'.M'U"U%E$'F%'N.##%&'g'ME%'?CP%KK%'NKM#'[/E%I'
!&%E.E$'Ka%o%UNK%'F%'8.&&.E^M/KK.<'F"E$'K.'["&U%'M&T./E%'%#$'U"/E#'P"U"V`E%'^M%'F.E#'K%#' >/KK%#' %M&"N?%EE%#<' E"M#' .KK"E#' $&"M>%&' F%#' [&.VU%E$#' M&T./E#' .##%Z' F/[[?&%E$#<' F/[[/C/K%#' g' CK.##%&'F.E#'ME%'Z"E%'#%MK%'%$'ME/^M%<'C.&'ME'F%#'N.&.U`$&%#'E%'C"&&%#N"EF'N.#'.Mo'>.K%M&#' F%'&?[?&%EC%#'c>"/&'$.TK%.M';e'N&"N"#?%#'N.&'K%#'.M$%M&#'F%'K.'U?$P"F%'%$'^Ma"E'$&"M>%'F.E#' K%#'F.$.#P%%$#I'SE%'Z"E%'F%'Ty$/U%E$#'F%E#%#'F%'V&.EF%'P.M$%M&'N%M$'N&?#%E$%&'?V.K%U%E$' F%#'U./#"E#'F%E#%#'%$'T.##%#<'C%'^M/'"TK/V%'g'C"UT/E%&'K%#'Z"E%#I'@.KV&?'C%#'&%U.&^M%#<'K.' U?$P"F%' N%&U%$' Fa.>"/&' ME' &%V.&F' V?E?&.K' #M&' K%#' C"EF/$/"E#' U/C&"CK/U.$/^M%#' F%' K.' >/KK%' c>"/&'[/VM&%';e'g'$&.>%&#'K%#^M%KK%#'"E'N%M$'F?[/E/&'F%#'Z"E%#'F%'$&./$%U%E$'F/[[?&%EC/?%#'F.E#' Ka.U?E.V%U%E$'M&T./EI'
!"#$%&#'('!"#$%&#''''')'
*;;
' 'W/VM&%';I'q"E%#'CK/U.$/^M%#'K"C.K%#'g'8.&&.E^M/KK.'
@3-'#7#
12"0.,'0# !A@#"..0,+25# B"0"*C.0'4' DB03$0,5.54#4E<) FGH) @FI*J) B50,3('#
6"K[<'3K$"' !&.F"<' A"ME$&h' 9:;)<'("+3,-$' U*0.&*#%'k'Z"E%' F%E#%'D'Ty$/U%E$#' F%'V&.EF%'P.M$%M&' =>) +IBD+Iz' {B' {Hi'' ;,H+D;,u+' !?) +IBD+IH' ;D'B' z+'R'i+' A%E$&"<' L.E'9"^M%'' 9:;)>)("+3,-$' H*2&*#%'k'C%E$&%' .EC/%E'F%E#%'
=) +IH'R'+Iu' +I*i'R';Ii' l'R'Bi''
;l++D;,++' !) +IH' +Ili' ;B' A/MF.F%K.' B+'F%'xMK/"'' 9:;)?)("+3,-$' )"1&*#%'k'^M.&$/%&' F%E#%'F%'T.##%' P.M$%M&' =) +IB'R'+Iu' +Il'R';Ii' H'R'l' ;,u+DB+++' !) +IH'R'+Ii' +IH'R'+Iu' u' !&.F"<' 8%KK.>/#$.' 9:;)@'?3%/'=%$' :"1&*#%'k'|M.&$/%&' &%#/F%E$/.KDU./#"E#' ?$.K?%#'' =) +Iu'R'+I,' +IH'D'+I*i' H'R'l' ;,++D;,H+' !) +I*' +IH' z'R';+' 2.' A"&F/.K/F.F' 9:;)A':*0.$1%*0.$' :"1&*#%'k'2"V%U%E$' [&.V/K%' =) +IB'R'+Iz' ;'D'B' B'R'z' ;,u+DB+++'
!) +I*' +IB' H'R'u'
G.TK%.M';I'4%#C&/N$/"E'F%#'N.&.U%$&%#'F%'K.'#$&MC$M&%'F%#'Z"E%#'%$MF/?%#'
8+7+#-'+7+$0/)
:"M#'&%U%&C/"E#'2%}E'W%&EpEF%Z<'7&K.EF"'x/U?E%Z<'A.&"K/E%'6"F.&F<'./E#/'^M%'K%'6&"MN%'F%' &%CP%&CP%'G"M&/#U%<'5E>/&"EE%U%E$'%$'4?>%K"NN%U%E$'R'G@34I' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' R8'V,)%4&#'2%'&GCG&%/-%8' W8'V,)%4&#'2,/#'),'T"/%8'*;B
')'''''BEF'1E$%&E.$/"E.K'A"EV&%##'"E'3UT/.EC%#<'@"E$&%.K'B+;B'86B6#+$-+/)
4%T' AI<' 9.U.CP.EF&./.P' 3I' cB+;;e<' 3' #/UNK%' $%CPE/^M%' $"' CK.##/[h' M&T.E' K"C.$/"E#' ]/$P' &%D #N%C$' $"' PMU.E' $P%&U.K' C"U["&$k' !&"N"#/EV' $P%' =~6' #C.K%<' D4*)2*/0' ,/2' X/7*&"/+%/$<' zu' cB+;;e<'NNI';HB;D;HBl'
W.EV%&'!I7I'c;,*Be<'Y.%&+,)'("/C"&$<'@C'6&.]'=/KK<':%]'"&X'
W%&%Z' 5I@I<' W%&%#' @I!I' cB+;+e<' 2"#' M#"#' h' K"#' N&"N/%$.&/"#' F%K' #M%K"' %E' 8.&&.E^M/KK.' %E' K.' 4?C.F.'F%'K"#'H+I'H%+"&*,#<'."'*<'Em';B'
=tN%'!I'c;,,,eI'4/[[%&%E$#'.#N%C$#'"['.##%##/EV'/EF""&'.EF'"M$F""&'$P%&U.K'C"U["&$<'X/%&06' ,/2'D4*)2*/0#<'Hz'cB++Be<'NNI'uu;Duui''
="M%$'GI<'!/V%"E'6I'cB+;;e<'@.NN/EV'M&T.E'CK/U.$%'Z"E%#'.EF'^M.E$/[h/EV'CK/U.$%'T%P.>/"&#k' 3E' .NNK/C.$/"E' "E' G"MK"M#%' M&T.E' .&%.' cW&.EC%e<' X/7*&"/+%/$,)' !"))4$*"/<' ;D;H<' F"/k;+I;+;u\bI%E>N"KIB+;+I;BI+B*'
2K.E"#' 5I' cB++*e<' !&"C%#"' F%' $&.E#["&U.C/}E' %#N.C/.K' F%' 8.&&.E^M/KK.' %E' %K' L/VK"' ~~<' !%%-$*7,'0%"0&ZC*-,<'>"KI';B<'NNI';;DHi'
@%&$/E#'6I'cB++*e<'5#$MF/"#'M&T.E"#D&%V/"E.K%#'F%#F%'%K'A.&/T%'k'5K'C&%C/U/%E$"'v'U"F%&E"'w' %#N.C/.K' M&T.E"' %E' 8.&&.E^M/KK.'k' !K.E%.C/}E' NTK/C.D"[/C/.K' "' U.E%b"' F%K' #%C$"&' N&/>.F"<' H%+"&*,#<'."'z<'Em'*'
:pb%&.' 3ILI' cB++,e<' 8.&&.E^M/KK.'k' A/MF.F' %UTK%Up$/C.' F%' K.' 9%NTK/C.<' [%7*#$,' (&%2%/-*,)' U*#$"&*,<'5F/C/}E'BHB' 7X%'GI<'G.%#K%&'9I<'7K##"E'2I'c;,,+e<'GP%'G&"N/C.K'S&T.E'AK/U.$%'5oN%&/U%E$'cG9SA5e<'X/%&06' ,/2'D4*)2*/0#<';i'D';u'c;,,+\,;e<'NNI'u*D*H' L$%].&$'1I4I<'7X%'GI9I'cB++,e<'AK.##/[h/EV'M&T.E'CK/U.$%'[/%KF'#/$%#'Th'K"C.K'CK/U.$%'Z"E%#k'$P%' C.#%'"[':.V.E"<'x.N.E<'!&%3&*/$#5'=%7%/$.'9/$%&/,$*"/,)'("/C%&%/-%'"/'\&<,/'()*+,$%<'xME%' B,'D'xMKh'H<'"X"P.U.<'F"CI';'
=&0+&#/)
-.$$/.' 0/KK.F/%V"' 8%&E.K<' .&CP/$%C$%' C"K"UT/%EE%<' U.#$%&' %E' LC/%EC%#' %$' G%CPE/^M%#' F%' KaJC"K%'F%#'@/E%#'F%':.E$%#<'F"C$"&.E$%'.M'K.T"&.$"/&%'38A'F%'KaJC"K%':.$/"E.K%'LMN?&/%M&%' FO3&CP/$%C$M&%'F%'@.&#%/KK%'%$'.M'K.T"&.$"/&%'A19G3'R'1E#$/$M$'FOS&T.E/#U%'FO3U?E.V%U%E$' 9?V/"E.K'R'1S39<'W&.EC%I' 5U./K'k'X.$$/.I>/KK.F/%V"DT%&E.KY%$MIME/>DC%Z.EE%I[&'\'X.$$/.I>/KK.F/%V"YU.&#%/KK%I.&CP/I[&' =%&>?'4"U%E.CP<'F?U"V&.NP%<'%E#%/VE.E$DCP%&CP%M&'g'Ka1S39I' @.&CD3EF&?'4.T.$<'.&CP/$%C$%<'%E#%/VE.E$DCP%&CP%M&'g'Ka5:L3@I'
