(1)HAL Id: hal-02830772
https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02830772
Submitted on 7 Jun 2020
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of
sci-entific research documents, whether they are
pub-lished or not. The documents may come from
teaching and research institutions in France or
abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est
destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents
scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non,
émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de
recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires
publics ou privés.
Analyse financière des structures aval de la filière
viti-vinicole française : Entreprises et coopératives
1999-2004
Jean-Pierre Couderc, Virginie Baritaux, Michel Couderc, Khalid Lafhel,
Thibaut Constant
To cite this version:
Jean-Pierre Couderc, Virginie Baritaux, Michel Couderc, Khalid Lafhel, Thibaut Constant. Analyse
financière des structures aval de la filière viti-vinicole française : Entreprises et coopératives 1999-2004.
[Autre] 2005. �hal-02830772�
(2) ! !
" #
$%%"
! "#
$ % & !
&
'
(
! &
! )
*
+
(
! & ,
* ! ! ! !+
(
&! -
.!&! /
*
01+
(3)$
2 3
"' !( ( )
*+ , -. ( ( ' /
0 11
# -% 2 13
!" #" " $$% & ' () "*'
! 12423 3 1 56 2 3'& 2- 3) 3 )2 5 -3 0 43 -3 4 0 4!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 7
1 . ( 1/
3 . 344) 1/
/! & 2- 34 )21 -3 &3 )203 - 5 43 3 )3 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 8
!"% $% + ++
! -3 2&)2 5 -3 9 & 3) -23 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! :
/! 5 4; 3 125 5 23 3 -3 35) 3& 2 3 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! :
1 . ( *" ' 5 . 16
3 . ( *" ' ' . . 3)
! );& 4 <23 -3 30)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! $8
1 " + ( # . 37
3 . )/
) ( . )8
/ * ( ( . )9
8 . ( ( /3
-! 5 4 2 5 & )23443 35) 3& 2 3 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 77
$ % " , +
-! -3 2&)2 5 -3 9 & 3) -23 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 7=
/! 5 4; 3 125 5 23 3 -3 &3 )203 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 78
1 ( ' ( ' /7
3 $ ( ' ' 5 $ 88
! );& 4 <23 -3 0)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ">
1 " + ( # : . 86
3 ;)
) ( ;;
/ ;6
-! 5 4 2 5 & )23443 &3 )203 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 8?
, ! !"% " ! ' ( . ( % /0% *$ +1 23
! 3)9 - 4 <23!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 8"
/! 5 4; 3!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 8"
1 < ( . 78
3 < ( . . 7;
79
76
* 94
2 # ( 9)
" 9;
(4)?
4
@
A
AA
B
A
C
!
B
D
D
3
<
0
1
*3<01+
A
E
A E
F
1
::= ! 3
E
A E
A
C
::>
D
A
E
-
4!
G
B
B ,
$%%%
-!
<
@
D#
A
D
A E
1
#
A
E
A
A ,
A E !
! &
! )
52025 ,
E
F
,
A
D#
H =
2
+
,
(
, ' !'
>
3441 I!
<
$
A
$%%$
!
J
$%%$
#
E
A
E
H B
I
A E
1
! 4
@
D
*# ,
$%% +
A
B
AA
D
B
@
A
F B
@
K
01
&! -
! !
A
E
@
A
E
B
@
$%%$!
3 A
#
F$%%"
! !
01
A
AA
! 4
@
A
D
,
* ::: $%%7+!
0 DD B A !
(5)7
@
E
B
D
:::
$%%7
A C
E
!
- D
,
L
A
'
• 4
A E
$
$%%%
$%%?
A
C
* +
!
• 4
D
$% M
,
*30)+
$" M
AA
*303+! 4
D
B
E !
•
E
::=
$%%%
A
,
A
E
D
E
D
,
* ::$ ::"
B
+
,
,
*
E
,
+
@
D
A
D
A
A
!
• )
A
A
@
@
$%%?
D
$%%7
,
D
A
!
3
F
A E
A
C
%
B
,
!
o 4
E
B L
A
A
E
! 4
A
A
E
301
AA
,
B
A
A
,
B ,
AA
!
o 4
,
,
A E !
L
F
AA
,
E
*
D
A
A
A
B
,
5
K+
D
,
,
,
E
,
*
>
::"
$%%?
$$
$=M
A
C
+! 4
AA
#
E
,
*
"%
=>M
::"
$%%?
>
+!
- A
@
N
,
D
E
A E
A
C
!
A D
E,
@
! 3
AA
A
A
,
B
B
!
(6)"
3 A
A E
,
,
B
E
& 3
"%%
*
,
"%%
+! - A
#
AA
D
E
B
B
5
!
+ -@
,
301
'
5
-3
7>%
4
,
@
?
8> M
B
A
C
,
L
::: $%%?!
4 D
A
$%%% $%%
,
!
$%%$
B ,
:$ :"!
4
B
D
D
B
@
AA
,
30)
B!
4
D
! &
$%%%! 4
D
AA
,
,
! 4
D
D
A
D
B
! 4
303
@
B H
I ,
30)!
4
A
E
A
A
B D
A
@
B
!
/
B
/
D
B
E
::$ ::"
A
,
D A
A
!
O
L
F
! &
4
D
AA
A
A
A
C
! 4
&
F
,
D
E
! P
4
D
A
C
!
"%
30)
D
A
D !
,
E
,
30) '
•
*
,
B
,
D
+
•
,
,
AA
DE
A
,
!
4
F
,
A
D
A
,
! 4
,
A
D
,
*
Q
+
A E
D
1
D
A C
D
B
AA
, A
E
!
(7)=
&
A
@ A
E
A
30)
,
D
A
D
A
E
B
! 3
@
D
H D
D
I
,
D
D
B
,
AA
E
A E !
A
O
F
A
*
D
+ ,
,
A
A E
A
C
! 3
@
,
B
A
D
/1
O
A
Q ,
! < D
L
$%%%
F
,
B
A
F
B
,
!
2
'
'
-4
@
:%
*
4+
A E
AA
*303+ @
?
>: M
B
A
C
AA
!
&
B 30)
,
A
E
D
AA
'
@
* AA
A
+
A
,
,
A
E H
,
I
,
A
$%% R
A
%% R
!
&
'
4
,
30)!
4
D
,
30)
AA
A
@
!
4
A
A
::"
$%%%
!
4
,
A
A
!
4
303
B F
,
30)! )
A
A
E
E
A
D
@
B
!
$+ -@
,
01
4
A *
<
+
@
*
+
D
*
D
B
D
,
+!
3
,
D
A
D
,
D
,
!
-
AA
*
A
F
+
E
A
(8)8
A
E
H
I ,
D
A
A
!
#
,
A
A
D
D
,
* (
A
+ '
B
A
AA
*
,
B ,
B
D
B
+!
F)
A
C
$%%?
: M
A E
F
8 M
B
" M
AA
A
@
" M
*0 +! 2 A
F
D
&
4
O
!
3
@
#
,
,
J
D
!
A E
B
B
'
,
#
A
,
A
,
A
!
3
A
,
D
,
D
!
(
'
(
'
'
5
-4
@
*
?%
$ %
+
A E
,
* 0)+ @
?
: M
B
A
C
,
4
,
* 0)+
@
,
>
R
$ A
A
,
@
!
O
D
$%%
$%%?!
4
B
B
B
B
* +
D
$%%?!
4
D
E
,
E
D
$%% !
,
A
,
,
0
L
D
,
E
A
!
<
,
#
@ E
A
A
L
D
A
0
@
O
B
!
&
A
"% R
%% R
,
A
,
* 0) ' >7 R+
*30) ' >" R+
A
A
Q
!
(9)>
4
A
$%%?
E
$= M
A
E
E
! 4 F
D
A
E
1
E
=
:
A
D
!
D ,
@ ,
,
AA
A
B
,
D
!
4
,
?
R
$%%?
E
4
*8=+
*"%+
D
*?$+
O
*?%+
/
*$ +
&
* :+
* :+
A
4
*8+!
4
,
A
E
E
E
J
AA
!
D
& S
A
!
4 A D
5 S
B
A
D
AA
AA
E
AA
J
!
D
B
L
A
D
A
@
J
! 2
D
,
L
@
,
F
A
AA
*
FD
+
A
,
,
B
F
!
D
B
B
'
B
@
(
,
, L
D
,
L
!
4
A
D
N
A
D
A
,
D
D
B
! 4
, L
E
A E
,
,
B
,
!
3
,
A
,
L
F
,
A
D
D
@
!
2
(
'
'
5
-4
@
B E
$%
?% *
+
*
+
D
A
A E !
B A
,
@
$%
R *
O
D
+
A
E
D
,
!
(10):
4
AA
3B
,
*
A D
@
+
D
D
! 3
A
A
C
B
,
E
!
4
D
A D
,
,
! 4
0
@ E
A *
T
+
E
A
$8 M
8
> M
B ,
@
A
!
4
A
E
'
B
D
#
O
,
D
A
D
A
!
5
D
D
A
$%%7
,
D
D
A
$%% !
@
N ,
U
@
A
,
O
D
#
B
!
D
A
D
,
,
D
,
A
A
!
,
B
E
#
,
!
(
'
(
'
'
'
-4
@
E
E
$%%$
,
A E
AA
* 03+
@
?
$ M
B
A
C
AA
!
- A C
@
E
A
,
! 3
AA
@
J
D
8
R! 4
D
L
D
A
0)
AA
,
B
,
F
AA
*A
D
D
K+!
)
A
A
A
AA
,
! 3
E
A
D
* 5 S
+
AA
*
1
+
!
3 D A
03
A
E
A
,
0)
,
B
,
#
! 3
,
A
AA
,
D
,
,
A
, ! 4
A
D
B
F
D
!
(11)%
A
@
A
,
,
A
E
A
C
,
E
E
@
@
,
AA
! 5
AA
F
A
J
@
A
C
B
B
!
4
E
,
D
H
#
#
I
,
B
D
B
,
A
! &
F
,
,
!
4
*
D
+
,
H
I
U
A
A !
&
L
A
B A
AA
!
(12)3 $%%?
$ M
A
C
, A
B E
E
! &
A
C
B
!
F
A E
*
+
D
D# '
•
D
A E
1
*,
AA
AA
?
+
•
#
A
E
AA
5
0
*
&
+
! !
A
!
4
E
B
,
!
4
22
222
@ A
E
!
@
F
E
' 3
*
+
,
AA
,
!
4
A
D#
@
A ,
,
,
*
AA
+!
4
@
, D
22
3
222
A
B
B
,
A
H
I
3 A
A E
A
C
D
E
*20+!
(13)$
4
,
@ A
E
A
*
+
A E
A
C
"
=
E
* ::: $%%7+!
&
F
D
A
Q
D
B
D
A
C
!
*
,
,
4+
,
<
!
4
A
V
25 33
A E
A
N
'
B
*
% ! <
+ W
A
*
"!: 1
<
A
+
F
*
" !?.
D
+!
A
A
AA
A
E
'
A
E
,
,
F
! 3
AA
,
*
A
F
+!
E
*
+
,
,
F
A
C
@
D
*
+! 5
,
,
E
A
D
25 33
,
!
(
4
*
,
,
4+
E
D
4 -
*
A
B
AA
D
B
+!
4
*
B
+
D
H
I
A
D
*
+
F
B
!
3
="%
,
*30)+
=%
AA
*303+
4!
&
E
A
0
1
*
01+
A
' 8?%
,
* 0)+
7%
AA
* 03+!
D
>=%
?
H
,
I
H AA
I! 4 B
A
D
A
E
!
4
D
D
L
B
AA
E,
H
I
A ,
B
!
(
A
,
!
,
F
&
2
/
*&2/+
#
B
F
D
A E ! 5
A
D
#
*0 +
AA
E
!
(14)?
E
B
B *D ,
+!
4
,
D
D
D
A
A
L
F
A E
*
B
+ '
F
D
,
A
,
F
,
!
4
0
AA
*
A
+
E
F
D
!
4
,
A E
L
0
B
*
,
+
,
! &
,
D
*
+
,
*
0 +
F
D
*
-
3448(
(
+!
5
A
B
,
B
#
E
*
,
+
301
01
D
A
E
D
A
* B
!+
B
!
-A
E
0
B
A
!
4
B
* ::= $%% +
* ::$ ::"
$%%$
# +
A
@ A
E
!
L
A
!
(
6
V
,
A
@
,
!
-
AA
@
AA
@
! 4
A
D
B
@
D
B
@
A ,
$
!
&
AA
"
1 -" (
#5
2
4
D
B
A
A
'
H
.!&!
! *$%%"+
! ! ?"
+
,
'
, ' !'
@
.
(
(
' 1666!344/
% #
$%%"! I
$
- A D B # B
L D B!
(15)7
I. Contexte et approche de l’étude
A. Filière française : poids et création de valeur de l’aval
1. Etudes précédentes
,
D
D
F
A E
F
V
A
C
V
E D
$%% !
4
,
*
+
,
#
A
D#
@
! 2
L
#
A E
D
!
F
B
E
@
,
A
A
A
,
,
AA
! 4 D#
A
,
A
A E
A
C
!
@
,
D
*
+
*
D
+
D
*0 +
AA
E
!
3 $%%%
E
D
A E
F
*
D
B
+
F
,
D
$%
*
?$
1
+! 4
#
*
D
&2/ A
C +
A E
? >
L
,
*=
+
*7 ?
+
AA
D
1
*? "
+
?
!
A E
A
C
H
I
D
#
D
B
A
!
2. Etude 2003
P
*
1
B
+
F
?
X
E
$%%?
?
*
+
D
>=%
*=:=
0
)
,
7 : 30)
$88
0)
=7
0
3AA
#
B
AA
:: 30)
="
03 +!
?
0 DD ' / $%%"
(16)"
4
B
A
C
D
! 2
A D
A
D
1
,
F
B
1
A
!
B
VB
A
C
A E
-
A
1
C
3B
* 1 3S DA
+!
4
D
B
*
D
>=%
+!
4
B
A
C
AA
,
B
D
@
%==
$%%?
,
AA
B
,
E
*
B
+
'
• 8" M
4
• > M
&
• 7 M
O
• 7 M
4
• 8 M
!
1
4
5
. 7
8" 5
4
/'
7
+ 1
/ ,.1
9
" 8+ : , !+"% !;* (( +
&
,
! 45 9
/<=1
>
9 /<=1
?
>
T B
>
. /<=1
/' 1
>
@.
/ -3 Y 8 ? "88 =%% $%> > ?? >M ?8> 8== >>M
/ < <53 /3 . 4 2 8: $:8 7?$ = ?>7 78 M =87 %:$ : M
4 3 7$ 888 =?8 ?:: $$ " ?M %% $== ?:>M
4 2 3 78 8 $?7 "" $$ $ >M $ % 7%: 87M
9 53 : $" ?7" $:" % 8 $= $M ? $ 8:7 :7M
4 5< 3- 244 5 "? $ $" :%> "%: :=" $7 %M :"? ?8 "7M
- 3 ) $" $:" 7%% 78 7% = %M ?7 %%% ?"M
& 035 3 77 $"> 8>? 7 :%7 = $M %$ $? 7 M
) 3 3<2 5 77 ?7> ?:: $$> >= 8 %M "= %%% 78M
" " ( , !+"% !;* (( + - - 3 2 29A 9 2 2A3 9 B? - 3 A2?
, !+ .. %, + !"+
) ) 4 3 Y > ?" "7: = 88 8 7M :" ? 8 =7M
) ) 4 9 & <53 7= ? >"> 8$" "" 7?" 7% $M =8= =?7 :?M
" " ( .. %, + !"+ - 2 - - 9AB9? 22 3 ?
! " # ! $ % # &'( )* +,& (), * ))(-.+ 9 B3? * +.- '/' AA?
4
,
B
A
$%%? *
F
B
$%%? +
B
AA
B
A
C
B
(17)=
B
+
D
B
D
*
F3B
S 1
+!
(
>
A-
+
AA ?
>
.
9
B
B
'
• 4
G
,
B
E
? A
A
C
,
!
•
F
A
C
,
B
!
• /
B /
O
B
,
A
B
K
4 4
A
E
7"%
R
B
#
,
@L
K
51
>
B
A
F
,
D
A E
*
AA
AA
*
+
+
AA
Z *
+
A E
,
B
7
!
4
D
#
B
,
B
1
E
!
4
D
A
$%%%
!
. 7
8" 5
)
4
4 C
D5
)
+
+ :
E )=
,
F
) >
/ 1
>
/ 1
G
,
.
/ 1
4
.
4
"
C / ,": ,"1
$ >" ? >%8 ??" : $?8 $ ??7 / 1 = 7 / 1
"
/ , : , 1
"?? =7? %8$ $ ?:? $ "=" / 1 7 $%> / 1
" " ( D ) 9A 3 3 -9 A / 1 9 / 1
* +
Z[ B A C B S B
7
D '
- B 1! !/! , H I
H !A B C
D B A , , !
& AA F , D B A C
E ? R ,
, 1 B !
(18)8
2
L
D
L
E
$%%? '
. 7
9 8" 5
)
4
4 C
D5
)
+
9
9
A- + :
E )=
,
F
) >
/ 1
>
/ 1 G
,
.
/ 1
4
.
4
"
C / ,": ,"1
? 7:> 7 %=% = > %$% : ?%: / 1 ? ?=: / 1
"
/ , : , 1
= ? 88$ % $ ":> $ >"7 / 1 7 =$= / 1
" " ( 3 3 A9 - A -9/ 1 2 3 / 1
,((-0,((( 1
-B
32?
2B ?
AB
2 ?
AB
93?
B
3-?
Z[ B A C B S B
4 D
F
,
D
$%
>
$%%%
$%%?
B
,
'
• 3
1
E
B
•
,
8"
>" M
B
A
C
*
B
'
AA
??"
=+
•
A
D
1
F
,
#
,
*
L
B
+K
4
@ A
E
,
!
B. Poids relatif des Coopératives dans le secteur
>=%
*
+
?
>%$
*"%:
4 $="
$>
+
,
A
? 7
"
E
L
@
!
3
$%%%
D
>8%
,
A
"" M
A
C
7 "%%
"%%
B
"%%
0 !
B
@
E
A
D
A ,
*
5
3
K+! 2
AA
AA D
D
!
,
A
@
F
?
A E
$%%? X
(19)>
. 7
8" 5
9 !5
+ :
> , ? ?
>
? , ?
/ -3 Y =8 ? $=" >%$ %8$ 7 "78 >=? = =?8 14D /D 11D 1)D
/ < <53 /3 . 4 2 8> $8" 877 "== :=? $ 7 7=% $ 8>= 18D 6D 11D 1D
4 3 7 8=> "7 ?>% 77: => :87 =>$ ,+1 11D 16D 18D
4 2 3 7" 8% $?$ ?" 8>= %> %:= > ? 1)D 7D 1/D 1/D
9 53 8" %$ :8? $8% "$ 7" % ? "78 -+1 1;D )7D 33D
4 5< 3- 244 5 7? $ %7 ? 7 77$ 7:: $$= 88 $ 8"7 -&1 18D /)D ))D
- 3 ) $7 $>7 %=7 7% 7"7 ?: >7> 8$> *+1 71D ;8D 86D
& 035 3 ?: $=$ 7:= ?% >"8 78 $" "> '+1 /8D 71D 8/D
) 3 3<2 5 7% $:? 8 = $ % 7>" ? 7 % ="= 4D 4D 4D 4D
" " ( 0 ! % ( , !+
"% !;* (( +
-3 AA 9 23 - A ,)1 .1 ,)1 )+1
) ) 4 3 Y = $:: $$$ "= $7% == $" %": 16D 3;D 19D 16D
) ) 4 9 & <53 ?7 ? $"7 ?7" ?>? $?$ : : =>% " "?= 14D 1D 8D 9D
" " ( .. %, + !"+ 3 9 339 3-2 9 2 A3 9 - 3 3 ))1 ,1 '1 )(1
! " # ! $
% #
&(, )/ /'& //. / *&. ,-( , ')* (,- ,' ++. ).1 +1 )*1 )*1
D
D
F
D
&
4
O
!
)
#
F
A
C
$%%?
: M
A E
F
8 M
B
" M
AA
A
@
" M
*0 +!
3
@
#
,
,
J
D
B
\
NL
B A
*" M
% M
+!
"( ,
(
'
'
,
' !
'
@
(
00
000
'
+
,
+(
#5
' 5
(
+
+
2
'
2
(
(
+
(
'
'
(
#
(20):
II. Entreprises SA
4
A E
,
,
B
E
& 3
"%%
*
$%%?
,
"%%
+! - A
#
AA
D
E
B
B
5
!
4
@ A
E
,
F
A
D
A
,
D
,
! 3
@
A
*D
A
+
@
F
D
*
A
+
!
A. Description des champs étudiés
3
7>%
4
,
L
::: $%%?
,
,
L
$%%7
D
A
D
E
*
+
AA
A
*
(
2
344/ (
"
00+!
5
@
,
AA
,
AA
A
E !
B. Analyse financière des entreprises
1. Entreprises SA en vins tranquilles (EVT)
4
@ ,
*
,
,
4+
A E
,
*30)+ @
?
8> M
B
A
C
,
*
: M
B
*
#
/+
T
' >8 M
> #
1+!
1
+
C
/ ,"1
. 7
3 8" 5
)
)
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
]R M 9
5 D V30) 9A ?:7 ?:7 ?:% ?8>
A $ ?:" $% :88 : :8: : :$:
3B * B + A > $%% > =$> 8 :7% 8 >$?
M 30) B AAB? >7 >M >$ 8M > ?M >$ ?M
M 3B * B + 9-B9? ?: "M 7 ?M ?: $M ?8 ?M
0 # *0 + 9 9 A ? ?$= ? ?:> ? =$ ? %8$
M 0 S 3B? " "M = $M " >M " 7M
0 S 3AA A A B9 :% : :" 7 :> 7 :> %
A ) * )+ A A2 : %>: > ::% 8 "%$ 8 ""7
M ) S A3B3? >: $M :% "M >8 =M >> M
3AA A ?8 ?= ?$ ?
(21)$%
,
'
•
::$ ::"
A
AA
A
@
@
,
0
,
2
!
•
::"
$%%%
B
A E ! 3
AA
D
@
AA
A
@
!
4
D
A
30)
,
@
0
@
,
A E
A
C
* AA
A
@
+
A
!
$%%% $%%?
,
% M
,
A
! 4
30)
@
A D
7%
@
$$
R
#
,
% $ M
,
A E
::$!
&
A
,
D
E
0
,
A E
,
O
A
B
!
-
A E
D
B
*
?
+ '
7%
:% M
!
B
,
A D *
A
+
B
B
@
B
! 3 A
*?% 7 M+
$%%?
A E
B
>> M
B
,
B
E
@
?8 M
!
< D
B
,
::"
$%% ! &
B
A
@
A
1
,
!
3 A
A
S
AA
AA
*
) S
+
,
,
E
!
,
,
,
A
F
>"
:% R
A
%% R
$%%?!
A
AA
A
A
C
B
!
(22)$
51
$
4
+
C
/ ,"1
. 7
- 8" 5
)
4
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
]R M 9
3B / V3B *3/3+ >: $%" $? $"
M 3/3 S 3B? " =M " 8M " =M " =M
2 O * 2+ 223 >"? > $ >$? :$7
M 2 S 9B3? 7 %M ? :M 7 M 7 =M
5 * 5+ A "?$ = " 78> 7>"
M 5 S B9? $ "M $ :M $ 7M $ 7M
M 5 S B & AB? : %M % >M > 8M : >M
V A * 1+ 2 8>" 8> =:? =>
M 1 S 9B? ? 8M ? 8M ? "M ? 7M
E
JD
A
$%%% ,
,
$%%
$%%$
$%%?
B F
D
!
A
,
30) A
A
,
N
*
@
+! 3
D
A
B
,
*:$ :"+ ,
E
A
!
4
30)
A
D
B
* 5 S
&+
$%%
$%%?
D
AA
A
*
B
B
+
$%%$
A
A D
D
!
B
,
E
#
B
A
,
A
AA
*
D
A
A
B
B
L
+!
A D
B
,
A
A
!
4
AA
$%%7
D
A
#
A
B
,
A E !
1
H
+4
+
C
/ ,"1
-
E
A
D
A
D
-2 53
D
A
@
,
H
@
I 30)
,
* ::: $%%?+!
D
'
(23)$$
. 7
2 8" 5
)
5
4
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
)21 *QR+ 9
2 D 922 7 ?=> ? ::% ? :8= ? >%%
Q - 2A = "8> = 78: = =8 " >:>
^ -A " $$ " $?? 7 8?= " %:$
- D ^ 9 ? %$% ? $>> $ =$? $ 8="
) A A A2 : %>: > ::% 8 "%$ 8 ""7
& 21 *QR+
B & - 3 " :7= " =>? " 7>$ 7 :8?
-1 @ 4 ) 9 A =$ %:? %"> 8$=
1 2 7 $ 8 7 78 7 %8$ ? 8 %
-1 ) - >>> :%" >?8 $ %"=
3 32 " >8= " >?> " %"? = %>:
) & A A A2 : %>: > ::% 8 "%$ 8 ""7
,
A
$%%$
,
A
E !
4
A
L
$%%$
D
$%%7! &
D
A
E
D !
1
H
4
+
C
/ ,"1
. 7
A 8" 5
I
H.%
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
]R M 9
1 *1 + 7 ==? 7 >88 7 ? : ? >"%
/ 1 */1 + 3 3 7 >7$ " =? 7 8=$ 7 ?$$
M /1 S 9B9? $$ =M $7 =M $? >M $ 8M
M Q S B9? 7% ?M 7% =M ?: >M 7 %M
M S AB3? > :M : 8M : :M $$ =M
M - A S B? $ >M $% 7M $ $M $? $M
) A 8: $>" 77? 78
4
Q
,
D
/1
E
! 4
$%%? *
Q +
$%%7
,
!
(24)$?
1
+
+
C
/ ,"1
. 7
8" 5
I
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
]R M 9
- 9 A : 787 % %7= : 777 > =7%
- - A E * )T 4)+ 92 ? %"% $ ::> $ >:" $ 8>$
- - A E - >>> :%" >?8 $ %"=
M - A E S B 2B? " ?M "$ >M "$ >M "" :M
M 2 L A E S - A E 2B-? > >M % M : ?M 8 >M
- A E S 1 * + B ? : ? > 7 $ 7
4
F
A
D
# ,
$%%
A
B
A
E
B D
@
B
B
! 4
D
A
A
E
D
E
D ,
! 4 D
B
L
F
AA
A
!
1
+
6
,"
&
@
,
30)
D
A
,
N
A E ! 5
A
,
::$ ::"
D
B A
A
B
D
! &
A
Q
D
!
A D
B
A
!
2. Entreprises SA en vins effervescents (EVE)
4
@ ,
:%
*
4+
A E
AA
*303+ @
?
>: M
B
A
C
AA
*
,
$ M
(25)$7
1
+
/ , 1
. 7
8" 5
)
)
+
/ , 1
@ V @ AA *303+
]R M 9
5 D V303 :? :$ :% :%
9 9A3 ?" ?$ ?% =%? ?% $ $ ?? 7%%
3B * B + 2 2A 8 %?% " %"% 8 %=" > :8?
M 303 B A B? >8 M >8 %M >" =M >7 7M
M 3B * B + 2B? 7" 7M 78 %M " "M "% :M
0 # *0 + - % $7? : 7%% % " ? %%=
M 0 S B9? $: %M ?% 8M ?7 >M ?? %M
0 S 3AA A - B3 "8 : == $ >$ ? :7 "
A ) * )+ 2 93 8% ""= =7 >=? =% $$" "= "=8
M ) S B? :: >M $ $ %M :: ?M =: 7M
3AA A - =" "8 "> "8
&
B 30)
,
A
E
D
AA
'
@
* AA
A
+
A
,
,
A
E H
,
I
,
A
$%% R
A
%% R
!
4
303
D
!
E
D
A
::: *
E
+
$%%%
$%%
A C
E
$%%$
" M
B
!
,
A D
,
AA
$ " M
$%%?
$%%$!
$%%% $%%?
8 M
A
@
303
B 30)
E
!
4
B
J
D D
AA
E
::: ,
!
AA
D
AA
A
C
A E
B!
4
B
AA
*?> ? M+
@
B
,
A
B
D
,
A
C !
2
,
,
D
0
$%%%!
D D
30)
E
A
0
D
D D
D
*
,
B
A ,
+!
4
0
S 3AA
A
@
,
,
0
@
A E !
(26)$"
5
,
D
,
30)!
E
:::
$%%$
*
D
AA
A
@
+
$%%?!
51
$
4
+
/ , 1
. 7
8 " 5
)
4
+
/ , 1
@ V @ AA *303+
]R M 9
3B / V3B *3/3+ 3 3 = ??? " ":? = >=7 8 $8%
M 3/3 S 2B? 8 :M > ?M $$ 8M $ >M
2 O * 2+ 3 9 " 7?" 7 7%$ " >$= = $%
M 2 S B-? " 7M 7 7M : ?M > =M
5 * 5+ 7 %> $ >:> ? : % $ 8%
M 5 S B? =M : "M $ :M = "M
M 5 S B & 9BA? 7 %M %M " M > >M
V A * 1+ 2 2 7 > ? ? 77 7 ?=? 7 %%8
M 1 S 9B2? ? =M $M 7 7M $ %M
)
0
3/3 S
$%%%
A
! 4 D
B
L
#
O
A
!
3
D A
A
D
,
D
B
D
#
E
$ A
,
,
! 4
$%%7
E !
1
H
4
+
/ , 1
. 7
8" 5
)
5
4
+
/ , 1
@ V @ AA *303+
)21 *QR+ 9
2 D 3 A ? ==" $ ":8 $ ="% $ %?%
Q A- ?: 7$$ ?= "=7 ?$ >8" ? ? $
^ 3A % 8?8 : > % > ::8 8 :$7
- D ^ 2 23 = 8?$ " >:? " 8%? " ?%$
) A 2 93 8% ""= =7 >=? =% $$" "= "=8
& 21 *QR+
B & 9 $: 7?: $= ?>= $" :7% $7 "=7
-1 @ 4 ) 9 -2 ? :78 ??$ : $$ = %=:
1 929 : 8 > = "%7 " :7% = $>7
-1 ) - 3A2 = $ 7 " := $ >?? 7 88%
A 2 $?> " 77= = ?:% 7 >>%
) & A 2 93 8% ""= =7 >=? =% $$" "= "=8
(27)$=
4 A
$
D
A
@
:::
$%%?
303! 4
D
AA
,
,
! 4
D
D
A
D
B
! 4
303
@
B H
I
,
30)!
4
A
E
A
A
B D
A
@
B
!
3 D A
B
D
A
A
A
D
303
30) A
C
*
,
A
O ,
+!
1
H
4
+
/ , 1
. 7
9 8" 5
I
H.%
+
/ , 1
@ V @ AA *303+
]R M 9
1 *1 + A ?: === ?" 7:? ?? :%$ $> 8:?
/ 1 */1 + 9- 7% =8= ?8 =7= ?7 >>" ? >%
M /1 S B9? " $M $? %M " "M :" $M
M Q S B9? %? =M 8 >M %> 7M >" M
M S AB9? $= M $= ?M $7 ?M $ =M
M - A S AB? $= 8M $8 M $" 7M $$ M
) 9A2 % % $ "7 :>? ? %%>
30)
A C
D
Q *
?
+
#
A
/1
303
! 2
$%%? *
D
$%%7+
!
A
,
Q
A
E !
2
D
,
D
,
D
B
E
!
30) ,
303
,
D
* ,
A
+
,
Q ,
/1 !
2
,
303
/1
,
B
Q
B
L
B
*
30)+
,
A
E
F
,
!
(28)$8
1
+
+
/ , 1
. 7
8" 5
I
+
/ , 1
@ V @ AA *303+
]R M 9
- 9- 29 ?= 7$" ?? 8%" $? 78 $$ $%?
- - A E * )T 4)+ -- $% = = "$> :"" % >?:
- - A E - 3A2 = $ 7 " := $ >?? 7 88%
M - A E S B -2BA? => "M =$ =M 7= M 77 M
M 2 L A E S - A E B? " 7M 8 =M > 8M > =M
- A E S 1 * + B9 7 $ 7 > $ 8 $ 8
30)
D
D
# ,
$%%%
A
B
*
> #
13+! )
A
A
E
D
,
30)
B
D
@
B
! -
A
,
D
*
A
E
S
A
+
@
O D
!
1
+
6
,
&
E
:$ :" ,
303
A
E
E
! 4
303
D
D
B
,
,
'
A
D
@
A
A
G
E
A
AA
E A
D *
A
D
+!
"( ,
'
(
(
*" ' !'
@
(
(
+(
#
(
5
(
'
'
(
5
C. Typologies des EVT
@
@
,
0
)
,
*30)+!
1. Analyse par région des EVT
1
9
7
," /
91
4
30)
(29)$>
,
' P
30)
::: X
4
@
,
D
A
D
E
A
H
I
30) A
C
!
. 7
3 8" 5
>
7
+
C
/ ,"1
) B V @ V , *30)+
<=B?B
45
/ 1
45
I ,"
6
I
/ 1
@
"
.
> > @
"
.
,
J
/, 1
, @
"
.
%
4 K
/% 1
% @
"
.
+ + @
"
.
/ B $ $ $8" >"? )43D :=" :$: )67D 7?? "7 )7)D =7 >8% /73D ? ::7 )) 7D
/ "7 :7: 8"7 13;D 7= 7>% 164D 87 887 181D "> =" 1;9D =?= 1) 9D
$7 "?8 >:: 71D $:? $"" 131D : 8=$ 14)D % "77 ) 4D =87 87D
4 ?= "=" ?8? 78D $? 8=$ 81D >= ??> 7/D = 7>$ / 7D $ $ 143D
O ?: ">" %=$ 79D 8$ 7% 71D >? 7>? 73D $: %> 9 )D >7% 71D
4 "$ $88 %$= 174D ?%" 88: 13;D $" ="$ 149D $= =$ 7;D "7 1) 4D
_ ? > >%" 1 ;D 7 %%8 4;D 7 >>" 1 )D $ 7"7 47D $"= 33D
& = >$ =>7 1 1D $ ?=? 46D 7 ??= 1 3D 7 "% 1 )D $ : 1 9D
?$ 7% 88> 181D 8" "? ) 1D %> >7? 6/D ?= %$: 14)D 78" 138D
" 92A 2 399 9 )((2(1 9 A-A )((2(1 - 2 )((2(1 9 - )((2(1 A 2 )((2(1
. 7
- 8" 5
>
7
9
+
C
/ ,"1
) B V @ V , *30)+
<=B?B
45
/ 91
45
I ,"
6
I
/ 1
@
"
.
> > @
"
.
,
J
/, 1
, @
"
.
%
4 K
/% 1
% @
"
.
+ + @
"
.
/ B 8 $ :$: ?=8 )/ 1D %?$ ":% );3D 7>8 %7$ )77D "? 8% 81 4D " 8=$ )/ )D
/ "" %8> 7=? 13;D " ? "=? 19 4D :% 8 1/ 7D 7? :"7 1/ ;D $ 8=" 1;/D
$7 "=$ 8 8 ;;D ??8 "=? 11 9D ?= :88 14;D ? 8%? / 8D 7?= 9 8D
4 ?= =%= >8$ 71D $= 7>$ / /D :$ >:$ 73D ? >== / ;D "=" 6)D
O 7% =7$ > = 78D $$" :%8 76D :$ %=? 71D $7 :"= 9 )D $ % 73D
4 "? $== : : 1/ 7D ?88 =?> 1) 3D $: "" 144D " 77% 81D >"> 11 4D
_ ? $ ?>" 1 /D ="% 4/D ? :%" 1 1D 7>= 43D $:: 1 9D
& " >8 ":7 1 4D 8 ? 4;D = :?? 1 )D 7 $7 1 /D $=: 1 ;D
?= $:? 8 = 181D $ % 7>" 7/D ? 7 % 143D ? %:$ 14)D ="= 69D
" 9A A 3A A )((2(1 A3 )((2(1 A )((2(1 9 9 )((2(1 - A )((2(1
) E
D
$%%?
,
'
4
'
/
B ,
E
E
!
8
/
B
A
C
,
AA
A *
A
@
$%% +!
AA
A
D
B
!
(30)$:
4
'
• /
'
,
D
B
E
*
B
AA
A
0
2+! 3
B
E
!
• 4
'
D
E
,
$
E
D
! &
*
B
0
2
AA
A+
?
E
7
E
!
B
,
,
:::
$%%?
E
!
2
,
H
I
D
D
#
! 3
D
:::
$%%?
A C
D
B
L
*
B
+ ,
A
!
4
@
'
•
O
'
E
E
*
8
> ? M+
$%% ! )
:::
$%%?
B
! 4
O
#
,
D
A
C !
•
'
"
$ M
1
D
E
! 4
B
,
A
E
! &
!
• 4
'
7
: M
1
D
E
! 4
AA
A
D
AA
A
B
,
O A D !
,
A
,
%
!
4
'
•
'
*
+
$ M ,
AA
A ! 4
@
,
:::
$%%?!
• &
'
*
+
#
= M
AA
A
B
!
2 A
#
,
B
J
B
$%% !
51
'
7
7
/ ,"
91
4
D
B
"
00
3)4
5
6
4
D
D
@
D
0
,
@
!
3
E
B
*
2
5+
!
(31)?%
A
A
A
:::!
@
*
> M
+
! 4
0
A
! 4
D
!
4
A
B
'
5 S
O
,
@
! 4
D
B
D
A
,
B
!
4 /1
,
$> M
!
Q
L
,
D
!
4
B
D
B
D
B
A
A
!
4
A
E
$%%?
A
D
D
!
3
D A
$%%
D
F D
D
D
AA
::>
E
,
A!
3,4
5
4
D
D
@
E
B
! 3
0 ! 3
E
!
A
E A
A
:::! 4
0
!
4
,
A
*3/3
2
5+
A
$%%?!
A
D
#
@
!
4
D
B
* 5 S
&+
A D
!
B
!
4 /1
$%%?
E
"7 M
,
B
,
Q
!
3 D A
D
D
AA
1
,
D
!
3-4
4
E
,
@
AA
D
,
D
O
,
@
!
4
B
E
@
$%%?!
4
B
0
@
! 3
D
,
@
$%%
A
@
! -
L
A
O
!
(32)?
4
A
A
E
D
*
D
B
+
A
D
O A D
N
J
!
B
A
:::
A
#
A D
A
!
4
Q
E
D
,
A E
/1
,
!
4
D
30)
#
J
A
L
L
A
,
E
A
@
A
D
!
3/4
!
4
30)
A D
! 3
B
B
0
E
E
L
,
@
*
" M
= M+
,
A D ! 4
,
A D
=% R
A
%% R
!
4
*
2
5+
#
E A D
D
D !
4
/1
A
@
Q
E
!
4
B
D
* E
A
+
A
N
,
,
E
@
!
)
$%%
,
30)
& @
4
,
D
B
F
,
!
3*4
7
4
$%%?
@
! 4
A
8% R
%% R
E
D
! 4
B
0
,
@
!
4
,
A
D
D
@
D
!
4
/1
@
A D
Q !
4
30)
O
O
!
D
A C
D !
(33)?$
3'4
!
4
@
! 3
AA
A
A D
@
! 4
B
,
$%%%
A
@
! 4
B
#
D
A D
,
@
A
* A!
,
#
A
+!
A
A
E
30)
4
,
$%%%
E
AA
B
#
D
! -
$%%%
2
5
A C
!
4
Q D
,
@
!
/1
A D
A
A
@
!
4
,
30)
4
,
O
A
L
F
D ! 4
@
D
,
! 4
,
,
' A D
B
B
A D
B
#
A D
D
K !
3+4
4
D
L
A D
D
A
A
D
$%%%!
B
A
,
U
!
&
E
E
" M
0
,
@
A D !
4
A
A
D
D
B
*,
E
D
$%%?+!
4
Q A D
D
N
/1
,
7 M
$%%?!
4
30)
,
D
!
3&4
8
D
! 4
A D
!
4
A
O A D
,
B
,
!
3
B
A
$%% ! 4
A
E
J D
A
@
!
(34)??
4
Q
E
!
,
B
,
/1
E A D
!
< D
A
D
O
JD
!
3.4
E
* E
B A
@
+
,
!
B
,
D
D
!
A
:::!
3
B
B
0
A
@
!
4
A
D
E A D
D
,
! 4
D
B
B
D
@
A
,
A D
D
AA
A
A
!
4
Q
A D
,
/1
JA D !
4
30)
,
, A
B
AA
!
1
+
6
,"
7
3 D A
@
,
/
B
/
D
E
::$ ::"
A
,
D A
A
!
,
A E
$%% ! 4
@
,
O
4
*,
AA +
,
D
D ! 4
,
D
A
B
,
E
::$ ::"
AA
,
Q
!
4 4
D
AA
!
3
AA
,
E
#
AA
A
L
F
F
!
4
&
F
,
D
E
! 4
A
A
D
,
&
# !
4 4
A
#
D
A
C
,
!
(35)?7
2. Taille des EVT
4
D
A
E
@
,
AA
A *)&3
&3
3
<3+
30) A
C
'
- D
,
@
,
E
AA
A
"%%
* L
,
,
F
@
E
AA
A +
,
,
D
& 3 F
!
F
"%%
A
, !
3
D
A
,
,
H $
"% I
,
D
F
B
B
* L
B
,
B
B
+
D
A
D
!
3
,
D
#
O
A
\
AA
A
D
B
! 2
L
,
*
D
Q +
A
,
N# ,
"%
!
. 7
2 8" 5
)
I
B4
4
9
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
4
/"$ 1
F
/$ 1
F3
/$ 1
3 F
/E 1
F
3 /E 1
5 D ?8 8$ $: =7 %
3AA A " = ?" :8 ??>
AA V AA * + 8 :7$ ?> ? ?>8 7= >8% :% $%%
3B ? =%: ? ?$? " 7 " 7$ "= ===
3B S 7" 77M $: $%M ?> 7%M ?$ ? M $: 8:M
0 # *0 + 8=$ 7$% $ =>? = 77? ? %87
M 0 S : ":M $ 7>M $% %7M ? 8"M = ?7M
0 S 3AA A 8? :$ 8> =8 :
5 * 5+ >7 ?"8 77% >?7 $ :$=
M 5 S $ ?$M ? 7M ? $:M 8>M "7M
A * )+ " %>= : >$8 = :%7 7% ::8 %> >?$
M ) S =7M >=M $=M >8M "8M
B & * &+ $87 ?> ? 8 % 8 ? >>> $? $7%
M & S ) $" %"M ?> >%M 7 " M ?? >>M $ ?"M
- 1 E *-1 + " $ 8 $ 7?> = $?" $87
M -1 S ) % %8M :$M 7 7$M " $ M % ?=M
0
D
B
@ A
E
"
00!
1
A
A
,
D
A
*
Q + E
E
30)
F
@
E
D ,
$%%?
A
D
B
!
(36)?"
A
@
,
,
E
A
A
A
E !
&
"%
30)
D
A
D !
,
E
,
30) '
•
*
,
B
,
D
+
•
,
,
AA
DE
A
,
& 3!
3
AA
E
AA
D
A E
A
@
B
!
AA
AA
F
,
,
B
D
A
,
!
,
F
D
A
AA
* D
+
A
E
AA
A
*
D ,
+!
*
Q
+
A E
D
1
D
D
B
AA
, A
E
!
3. Taux d’exportation des EVT
4
,
L
AA
AA
7 8
$%%?!
A
D
H
,
I ,
B
30)!
. 7
A 8" 5
7
4
6
,"
2 5 4 )
/ B =: > ? %%
/ => $ %%
"= = $> %%
4 =$ $$ = %%
O "? 7" ? %%
4 $: "% $ %%
? 7= $? %%
& =? $ = %%
7% 7% $% %%
45 3- 3
4
F B
D
D
B
E
- > #
1
B
&
! 4
A
(37)?=
, L
B
4
B
!
&
#
30) B
D
/
B
?> M
AA
A ! 0
D
8 M
AA
A ! 2
B
A
*
F
+
B
,
B
""M
!
1
) >
,"
-
A
7
A
AA
AA
B
'
M *
B
+
M
% M
%
M
$" M
$" M!
. 7
8" 5
> )
)
F ) >
9
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
5D ]R M $%%? L ? F ? F 3 ? M 3 ?
5 D V30) =? 7 =% $$7
= =? ?7 >7? ? ?$= > :%$
3B * B + > "8: 7 : % $8
M 3B * B + % M 7 "M " 8M "> :M
0 # *0 + $ 8 > ? "$7 7 %> ? $=%
M 0 S = ?M % M ? %M 8 $M
0 S 3AA A == 8$ >? >7
A ) * )+ 7 ?7: 8 :$: $ $%? : 8?%
M ) S >= ?M " "M =8 8M %7 7M
3AA A 7 7: 7: ?:
4
,
E
,
E
>" M
B
,
"8 M
B
,
! 5
A
,
A
B
!
E
,
B
0
,
#
A
,
*
%% R
A
%% R
+!
)
A
B
O D
E
D
L
,
A
B
!
(38)?8
51
$
4
) >
,"
. 7
8" 5
> )
4
F ) >
9
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
5D ]R M $%%? L ? F ? F 3 ? M 3 ?
3B / V3B *3/3+ >=> %7 ?% ="
M 3/3 S " $M ? $M ? =M = $M
2 O * 2+ % $ 8%% 8?$ 8?7
M 2 S = M $ %M $ ?M ? :M
5 * 5+ =77 7 = "7: 7":
M 5 S ? :M $M >M $ 7M
M 5 S B & % M > :M >M = 8M
4
,
#
A
B
A
B
,
A
D !
)
A
D
B
,
B
,
A D
A
A
,
E
#
A
B
!
1
H
4
) >
,"
. 7
8" 5
> )
H.%
F ) >
9
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
5D ]R M $%%? L ? F ? F 3 ? M 3 ?
1 *1 + 7 >%8 " "?> = :7% 7 :?$
/ 1 */1 + 7 8%7 " >"? > :>7 8 8?7
M /1 S $> ?M = >M $> 8M 7% :M
M Q S ?% M $? 8M ? %M 7$ %M
M S 8 >M 8 %M > "M : %M
M - A S
: =M $? :M $% >M $% M
)
%? ? " $ %77 $ >%$
A
,
D
A
@
B
*
+
B
J
A
'
B
FD
` a
(39)?>
. 7
8" 5
> )
F ) >
9
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
5D ]R M $%%? L ? F ? F 3 ? M 3 ?
- = 8>8 % 7$ >= : "%8
- - A E * )T 4)+ $ 7:7 8 ? > 8 ? 8>$
- - A E 8:= 78 :=: $ $$7
M - A E S B ?: $>M " $=M ?: =M "" ?>M
M 2 L A E S - A E " 7 M : "8M "$M = 7"M
- A E S 1 * +
? % % 8 $ = 7 8
B & * &+ = ?" 7 =87 7 =7% = >$>
& S ) /
77 ?M $= M $ :M ?7 =M
2
,
A
E
A
E
B
! 4
D
D
A
E
"
,
N
@
$%%?!
1
+
6
> ) >
,"
3 D A
B
A
,
! - D
B
D
D
E
D
B
A D
B
!
3
A
B
,
A
D
!
A
,
G
D
A
D
,
D
A
*
D
D
B
,
AA
+
,
,
,
D
!
4. Structures de propriété des EVT
,
E
30)
L
B
A
*
,
::>+!
$ M
,
O
B
A *
A
+
= M
::>!
/
FA
A
B
D
B L
`
B
A
/1
#
!
(40)?:
1
,"
. 7
9 8" 5
I
I
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
5D ]R M $%%?
. 4
/M A?1
. 4
4 J
/3 F A ?1
. 4
4
/99 F ?1
'
/L99 ?1
5 D 7: $%? 7: 7$ ?=
@ $ =%" 8 =>" $8 $ " 78 $%$ $> %=%
3B @ * B + 8 %>= 8 ": % >"% % =8> : 7">
M V30) B >: >M :% M >" 8M >? ?M >? ?M
M 3B S * B + "= :M 7% 8M ?= ?M $$ >M $: 8M
0 # *0 + @ $ ">$ ? $8? ? 8:: " $$? $ ?"$
M 0 S * @ + $% "M > "M 7 %M M > 7M
0 S 3AA A * @ + >8 >7 :% 87 =
A ) @ " %%: = =:> $? 8=> ?% =8= $% % 7
M ) S : M :7 7M >8 ?M =" %M 8 ?M
3AA A @ ?% ?: 7$ 8 ?:
/
,
FA
O
B
,
30)
F
! 4
30)
B
*0
S
+ ,
,
O
!
#
B
#
A
,
FA
!
4
A
,
B L
A E
*
E
,
A
,
+
A D
A
,
B
!
(41)7%
51
$
4
,"
. 7
8" 5
I
4
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
5D ]R M $%%?
. 4
/M A?1
. 4
4 J
/3 F A ?1
. 4
4
/99 F ?1
'
/L99 ?1
3B / V3B *3/3+ @ %> "% $8% ""> $>8
M 3/3 S > =M = "M 7 8M ? ?M %M
2 O * 2+ @ >>= >$" =>= ?": 8:
M 2 S 8 %M 7 8M $ "M $ :M % ?M
5 * 5+ @ "?8 "?8 "?$ >>> :7
M 5 S 7 ?M ? %M $ %M :M % 8M
M 5 S B & % %M : =M 8 8M > M ? 7M
1 88: >> 8 $ 7"> 7 8
M 1 S = $M " %M $ =M ? M "M
4
,
,
,
*3/3+
A ,
A
A
!
&
30)
1
A
,
*
> #
17+
L
@
A E
F
A
A
E !
1
H
4
,"
. 7
3 8" 5
I
H.%
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
5D ]R M $%%?
. 4
/M A?1
. 4
4 J
/3 F A ?1
. 4
4
/99 F ?1
'
/L99 ?1
1 *1 + " >%% 7 $:" = ?$7 > %% 7 ?:?
/ 1 */1 +
= $ 8 >7? ="% = ::> 7 ?=?
M /1 S 7> =M 77 ?M 7$ >M ?= %M " "M
M Q S 7> M 7= M 77 %M ?: M : M
M S > :M : M 8 =M 8 %M : $M
M - A S
> "M $% >M > >M $% M $$ >M
) *)[1 /1 + ?$ ? "78 " ?$= > >:> ?%
A
B
,
Q
FA
,
D
A
!
(42)7
4
,
D
A
E
*
,
B A
D
+
,
A
A
,
#
AA
!
*
A
+
L
,
N
A
,
F
A E
A
C
F
,
A
D
D
,
A
AA
A
!
. 7
- 8" 5
I
+
C
/ ,"1
@ V @ , *30)+
5D ]R M $%%?
. 4
/M A?1
. 4
4 J
/3 F A ?1
. 4
4
/99 F ?1
'
/L99 ?1
- 8 8% : ?%8 > :=8 " 8 ? > ?%>
- - A E * )T 4)+ 7 $: $ :%" ? ?=" ? "%% 8=>
- - A E 88> =7? $ % = :%7 8%8
M - A E S B >% $M "$ M 7> :M ? :M ? =M
M 2 L A E S - A E " 7M " >M > $M > >M > M
- A E S 1 * + = ? " $ $
B & * &+ " ?7= " "8" = >8? % :8$ " =$>
& S ) /
?" =M ?? 7M $> :M ?" >M $> M
4
A
E
Q
,
O
,
A
AA
,
D
A!
&
30)
*
A
+ D
,
N
A
A
E ! 3
AA
@ E
E
A
@ E
D
!
1
+
6
,"
3
D A
A
D#
A
A E ! 4
O
A
#
A
A
,
A
E
A E
A
C
,
B
! 4
30) A
C
@
&! !3!
A
O
E
D
A
A
@ ,
A E
!