• Aucun résultat trouvé

Comportement asymptotique du coefficient effectif pour un opérateur aléatoire aux différences

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "Comportement asymptotique du coefficient effectif pour un opérateur aléatoire aux différences"

Copied!
14
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)Comportement asymptotique du coefficient effectif pour un opérateur aléatoire aux différences Andrey Piatnitski, Elisabeth Remy. To cite this version: Andrey Piatnitski, Elisabeth Remy. Comportement asymptotique du coefficient effectif pour un opérateur aléatoire aux différences. RR-3061, INRIA. 1996. �inria-00073631�. HAL Id: inria-00073631 https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00073631 Submitted on 24 May 2006. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. Comportement asymptotique du coefficient effectif pour un ope´rateur ale´atoire aux diffe´rences Andrey Piatnitski et Elisabeth Remy. N˚ 3061 De´cembre 1996 THE`ME 4. ISSN 0249-6399. apport de recherche.

(3)

(4)  .

(5) 

(6)        ! #"  

(7)  #$%

(8) & '()* +,-.

(9) /01+

(10) 2  354 1$%+,

(11) 6&

(12)  78:9;=<?>A@.BDCFEG8-BHEGIKJBMLN<OEPRQDBSIGCUTV<?EGWYXZ<\[%>LL ]#^F_`!abdc egfh`)ikjmlonpfhq?r6ansq?tknufm`fhvwlonufmqxr y a2vuzgvunp_{`!a{v}|{q?`!tkjha1~a{v €‚pqoƒ„an e\†e‡#†2e ˆ}lotFt‰qxun y a2pa|Š^Fa{u|Š^Fa‹r)ŒZ?Ž?.c ‡ ‘|{a`)’FuaK“?“x)c xŽ!tFlx”?a{v •5–g—=˜š™›–œžeqxfŸn2iFr `fŸjhfha{i¡lojh‘=lonpqxfmua y fhvp|{uan y an¢zgt‰a!‘{|Š^fm£\ikfha{)¤ y a{i~¥|q?`!t‰qo¦ vwlxrOnwv^Fq?`!q?”?_rFa{v§¨}q?iFv‘npi y fhq?rFvjml y fh©‰iFvªfmq?r¡a©‰a{|nufh«xa y­¬ iFrFa`Zlxp|Š^Falojh‘=lonpqxfmua vpiFs|{a`!fŸjŸfmai®jmqxpvp£\iFaj¯l y fŸ©°ikvufhq?r y a2j ¬ iFr y a{v y a{i~±|{qx`ZtUq?vplxrOnwv}npa{r y «?apv ²‘{uqF§ ‡RlxrFv,jha.|=lxv

(13) q?³jha.|Š^Fqxf´~ y i|{q?`!tUq?vwlxrOnsa{r|Š^µlo£gikatUqxfhr\n y a2jml”?ufŸjŸjma.vua2¶SlMfhn,fhr y ‘·¦ t‰ar y lx`!`!a{rOn y a{v#«olojha{ikpv

(14) lxi~lxiknppa{v,tUqxfhrOnwv,an

(15) qx³5jmav,tFpq?’Flx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘v y aRnwwlorFvufŸnpfhq?r «?a{uvjha{v5tUqxfhr\npv«?qofmvªfmrFvvuq?rOnjha{v5`!qKz?arFrFav6^Flxp`!q?rkfh£\iFa{v y a{v y fŸ©‰iFvufhq?rFv5|q?pua{v„¦ t‰q?r y lxrOnwav{¸UrFq?iFvR`!q?rOnppq?rFv}£\iFajha)|q?`!t‰q?ªnwa`ZarOn2lxvuzg`!tknpqxnpfh£\iFa y ajml y fh©‰iFvufhq?r a©‰a{|nufh«xa y ‘{tUa{r y±y a.j¯ltFuq?’µlx’kfŸjŸfhnp‘ y a|Š^Flx|{iFr y a{vs|{qx`ZtUq?vplxrOnwv{§ ¹»ºµ¼G—·½Š¾O¿À–Áœ ÂfhjŸfmaiAlMjm‘{lonwqxfhpao¸ ^Fqx`Zqx”?‘{rF‘1fmvplonpfhq?r­¸,qxt‰‘wlonpa{iFlxig~ y fŸ©°‘parF|{av{¸ t‰ap|{qoj¯lonufmqxr­¸F`Zlxp|Š^ka)lojh‘=lMnwqxfhpa ßĂÅÇÆ¢ÈmÉDÊ1˪ÈHÌoÍoÈHÎÇÏ ïuáMÒSâ ï°-õoÜGïªÐ‰ÖÔÑ ÑªÜGØÙã„ÒDäÓÕïàGÔwàGào֊ÔÔ·Ñ ÓF×ÙØMØhÑpÚªÛ åHÜÛ ×ÝéÒÜêÒDUÞªåÀß{ãªë÷äÓSÑÜKöŸä øÑpÜ,ê×àG=áKÔ1âKњÓDтÒSù=×ÙáKÑ äтàGáGúKÔ1ØÝÔ ×ÝÜMÔwÚUûKâGë×ÙØóÜ,ØÙÜ{ÑVÒSãª×ÝáKäàoÑVÜ{ä1ÒDØÙñ2ÓÕ×ÙÚ¢Ô·ÔüÇÒµýŠÓDåHÚDØÙæFÑѪ×Ùç°àGØóØÙÓSèŠÑ1ä1åHì ðÀéѪê ÒUåÀþ„ëíÿkþ ìxÿîFÑþ‰ÚSïSѪðÀÒµäØÝâGÔ ÓU-áK×ÝњÓSÑpñã„ÒSì×ÙäçòÜ ×ÝÔ·šÒDÜGïu×óÜGÒÕïuÚDÓÕô{Ô·×oØÙÔÑ . . . 

(16). . . .  "!#$&%('*),+-$./!#0%&!2143#325,687:9<;>=0@?-ABC#DE:F8GH#I#J KMLNJ K@O$HPQK"H&R  SMTU;VSXWZY, W\[V]^-$+#6_"=a`,!#b!,'Mcde=0#-^3+,9),+ .f?,"&bbadg&h(ij3+-k?,%&#-E:DE(OF8GH,lN#mJ,AnK"J&BDJ,AnKpo#D. Unite´ de recherche INRIA Sophia Antipolis 2004 route des Lucioles, BP 93, 06902 SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS Cedex (France) Te´le´phone : 04 93 65 77 77 – Te´le´copie : 04 93 65 77 65.

(17) ­  2 { 51) '  #$%

(18) & d  ! #" #1

(19) ! 'M* - ) 1$% ,

(20) 6&  ,-.   —

(21) ¼  F¾x¼Oœ  aRvªnwi y znw^Fa.a1©°a|nufh«xa y fh©‰iFvufhq?r5¶Àq?&nw^FaRplxr y qx` lojfhr5n q\|{q?` t‰q?rka{rOnwv^Fq?`!q?”?arFa{q?ikv y fhvp|panpa÷wlor y q?`3`!a y f¯l lxvnp^Fa y fh©‰iFvufhq?r qo¶.q?rFa6qx¶ np^Fa |{q?`!tUq?rFa{rOnpv}”?qga{v,npq²a{pqk§ }vpvuiF`fmrF”nw^µlon,np^Fa|{q?`!tUq?rFa{rOnpv lxua2|Š^Fq?vpar±fhr y at‰ar¦ y a{rOnpjŸz lona=lx|Š^¡t‰qxfhrOn)qo¶ nw^ka”?ªf y lxr y nw^µlMnnp^FaZnpwlxrkvufŸnpfhq?r¡tFuq?’µlx’fhjŸfhnufmav¶Àqx2np^Fa rFafh”?^\’‰qx-tUqxfmrOnpv-qx¶µnp^Fa ”?ªf y lxpa y a µrka y lxvnw^Fa&^µlxp`!q?rfm|#`!a{lxrdqx¶µnp^Fa |q?pua{vptUq?r y ¦ fmrF” y fŸ©°iFvªfmqxrFv{¸  a µr y np^Fa)lovuzg`!tknwqxnufm|vRqx¶‚a1©°a|nufh«xa y fŸ©°iFvªfmqxr y a{tUa{r y fmrk”5q?r±np^Fa tFpq?’Flx’kfŸjhfŸn¢zqx¶ša=lx|Š^±|{q?`!tUq?rFar\npv{§ !#"°%½ $d&º 'š—xœ ˆ}lxr y q?` `!a y f¯l¸^kq?`!q?”?a{rfm²{lonpfhq?r­¸ y fŸ©°aparF|{aZq?tUa{wlMnwq?¸­t‰ap|qxj¯lG¦ npfhq?r­¸Fplxr y q?( ` #loj .

(22) 

(23)        ! #"$ %  & #'(  ) *. . 60 

(24)   . -,,

(25)  . /-0 ¼ Gº '˜¾x¼21Sº 0 3 ™ 1 0 1 g— 7 4 5 G–g)¿ 1S6 8 9 º 0: 2; 0 ¾ ' —!– 0 2;<1 g— .4 — 0 ¼2@ –\º& A1 ' ÷¿ CB o¾?ºU¿ k¼21Àº 0 = > ˜ g¿?­˜ g— G–—{˜š¿H¼ k¼G .3 ™ B‚&º G

(26) ¼ ™ 0 ¼ '˜ ¾?º FE›F¾ 1 0 ¼ HG g¾x¼21#I 3 9 ºUD .J  0K0 FL g— 4<3  > ˜ g¿?­˜ g— 'F– M 0 1H2¼ 1Àº 0 — 0 0 µ¿ " — NIǺ 0 ¾x¼21Àº 0O0 ¿S¿ !'O1D—{¾ PO¼ 4<3 §hR  QVvutµlx|a{v}¶ÀqxrF|nufmq?rkrFajhv y fmvu|{uanwv®§§2§§§§§§§§§§2§§§§§§§§TSVU W§ SYX¢r\npa{ut‰qxjmlonufmq?r y­¬ iFrFa2¶Àq?rF|1npfhq?r y fmvu|{u_nwavpiksikr±avptµlx|a|q?rOnpfhr\i §§§TSx §Ù ˆsavunwªfm|1npfhq?r y°¬ iFrka2¶ÀqxrF|nufmq?r6|{qxr\nufmr\iFavpiksikr±avptµlx|a y fmvu|{pa1n §§§T§ Sx +. êê/Ü[Z]\ ^-_2`.

(27) b. < ]     .

(28)    . åHéê åÀë.

(29) 

(30)        ! #"$ %  & #'(  ) * U. ! Z6í   l)np^F‘{q?ªfma y aRj ¬ ^Fq?`!q?”x‘{rF‘1fmvplonpfhq?r y­¬ q?t‰‘wlonpa{iFuv y fŸ©°‘pa{rOnufma1jmvsld‘np‘ y ‘«xajhq?tFtU‘{a y lxrFv y fŸ«?a{uvnpwl=«olxi~ Sa{rOnwua lxinwpav 

(31)  Õ¸!#"$ %#& '(*)+Õ¸,-.&/0 '&/0/

(32) !$ !.21431§ 5 at‰ar y lxrOn{¸otUa{i y­¬ ‘1nwi y a{všnpwlofŸnwarOn y aVj ¬ ^Fqx`Zqx”?‘{rF‘1fmvplonpfhq?r y­¬ qxt‰‘wlonpa{iFuv-lxig~ y fh©‰‘{ua{rF|a{7v 6µqxrt‰aikn#nwqxiknwa1¶Àqxfmv |fŸnwa{#jha{v#npwl=«olxi~ y 9a 8: ;<  2=>?Õ7¸ 8A@B&/C#&/$ DEF. q?Gi 8AH!!<.IJ!K*))Cǧ 5 a#tUqxfmrOn-a{vun:t‰q?ikunŠlor\n-|{uiF|fmlojFvuiF-jha tkjmlxr!lojh”?q?ªfhnp^F`fm£\iFa Lojha{v q?t‰‘wlonpa{iFuvlxi~ y fŸ©‰‘{parF|{av:lxtktµlxwlMfmvuvpa{rOnšrµlonpiFpa1jhjha{`!a{rOn y lxrFv y av-lotFtFpq=~gfh`lMnpfhq?rFv y an¢zgtUa y fŸ©°‘pa{rk|{a{v Frkfmav{¸‰`lMfmvR‘”Olojha{`!a{rOn y lxrFv y a{v npa{|Š^Frkfh£\iFa{v y an¢zgt‰a!Â6q?rOnwa 5#lxujhq!iknpfŸjhfhvwlor\n y av

(33) `lop|Š^Fav lojh‘=lMnwqxfhpav{M§ 5 ¬ a{vuns|anpnpa y a{urkfm_palxtFtkpqg|Š^Fa2£gikarkq?iFv l y q?tknpq?rFv,fh|fD§ ¨sqxnwua#nwplK«olofŸjFavun{¸\¤ j ¬ q?ufh”xfhrFax¸O`!qxnufh«x‘,tµlx‚iFr!tFuq?’kjh_{`!a y­¬ fmrF”x‘{rkfha{ªfma

(34) tU‘nwuqxjŸfm_pa y a.|=lojh|{ij y a.tUa{p`!‘{lx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘2a©‰a{|1npfŸ«?a y­¬ iFr`!fŸjŸfmai±lMjm‘{lonwqxfhpNa À«?qxfhO 8.@ PQRSB31§µ‡}a{v `Z‘1nw^Fq y av y a5`Zlxp|Š^ka{v!lojh‘=lonpqxfhpa{vvuiF y av”?ufŸjŸjmav g’kjhqg|{Tv D`!q y ‘jŸfhvwlxrOnjha5vpq?ikv gvuqxj a{r y fm`!arFvufhq?Dr S5q?i¥! 3 qxr\n‘1nw‘!tFpqxt‰q?vu‘{avtFlxV U9"W:.@XY+DZX)&1>[)&\<ǧ Q‚r¥a©‰an=¸ y a{v vunŠlMnpfhvunpfh£\iFa{vdlxvuzg`!tknwqonpfh£gika{vdvuiF)|a{v)`Zlxu|Š^Fa{v)|{q?r y ikfmvua{rOnlMjmq?uv)¤6iFr avunpfh`ZlonwaiF y a.j¯ltUa{p`!‘{lx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘a©‰a{|1npfŸ«?ax§ ega)tUq?vpa)lojmqxpv}jha)tkpq?’kjh_{`!a y i÷|Š^Fqxf´~ y a)jmltFuq?’µlx’kfŸjŸfhnp‘ y anwwlorFvufŸnpfhq?r÷ar÷¶Àq?rF|1¦ npfhq?r y av5tUa{p`!‘{lx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘vjmqg|=lMjmav5lxvuvpqg|fh‘{a{v¤¥|Š^µlx|iFr y a{v’kjmqg|{]v D|anpnpa±«olojha{iF y a t‰ap`!‘=lx’fhjŸfhnp‘‘nwlxrOn2ajŸjma gN` ^{`!aj¯l5u‘=lojŸfmvplonpfhq?r y­¬ iFr%|Š^µlx`!t y atUa{p`!‘{lx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘Zlojh‘=lM¦ nwqxfhp+a 317§ U9"_W-.@XY+DEX)&1%>`)+\. tFpqxt‰q?vua.iFrFa.`!qKz?arFrFa^µlxp`!q?rfm£\iFa y av,t‰ap`!‘=lx’fhjŸfhnp‘{v jmqg|=lojha{v§ XÇj a1~gfhvunwa y­¬ lxiknppa{v

(35) tUq?vpvªfm’fhjŸfhnp‘{av S«?qofmK 8A@b'< cede %IJ'E*)+fq?gi 8h@ PQ+!EiS43·§  «olxrOn y­¬ iknpfŸjŸfmvua{,|{a}n¢ztUa y­¬ lojh”?q?ªfhnp^F`!a{v#tUq?iF&iFrFa.lxtktkjhfh|=lMnpfhq?r5jma tkjmikv#vpq?i«?a{rOn |{q?`!tkjha1~ja Da{rfhrF”?‘rkfmaufhatU‘nppqxjŸfh_{pao¸­jma|Š^Flx`!t y a!tUa{u`Z‘{lx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘!avunvpiFtkt‰q?vu‘!vunŠlG¦ npfhq?rFrµlofhpaap”?q y fh£gika®l=«?a|®|q?pu‘jmlonpfhq?r vptµlonuf¯lMjmao¸í‘1«?ar\npiFajŸjha{`!a{rOnjhq?” grFqxp`Zlokj 31¸:fŸj a{vun

(36) fh`!t‰q?ªnŠlxrOn y a.jha{vs‘nwi y fma}a1n y a.jmavs«olojŸf y a{

(37) vpiF y avs|Š^Flx`!tFv vªfm`!tkjha{v§‰‡ lxrFvs|{a |=l y uax¸Mq?r)«ol tUq?ik«xqxfmš‘nwlx’kjŸfm y a{v:tkpq?tFªfm‘1nw‘v µrFav y id|q$a l|1fmarOnVa©‰a{|nufh¶ y i`!fŸjŸfmai­§  av`!‘1nw^Fq y a{v y­¬ lxtFtFuqK~gfh`Zlonpfhq?r tµlo`Zlxu|Š^Fa{vdlojm‘{lonwqofmua{vt‰q?ikppqxr\Kn ^1nwpaZ«olojhf y ‘a{v vuf ajŸjha{vst‰ap`!anunwa{rOn y a2par y pa2|q?`!tknwa y a2|{av}tkpq?tFªfm‘1nw‘v{§ 5 avnwa{|Š^krkfm£\iFav6¶Àqxr\n y q?rF|%lxtFtFlxw<l mmnwua y av6qxt‰‘wlonpa{iFuvlojm‘{lonwqofmua{vlxi~ y fŸ©°‘·¦ pa{rk|{a{v}l=«?a||q$a lZ|fha{rOnwv}¤d«xloufmlonpfhq?rFv

(38) wlotkf y a{v{§ XÇj­a{vun

(39) fh`!t‰q?ªnŠlxrOn y a2tUq?ik«xqxfm,vut‰‘|f´¦ µa{ y a!£\iFa1j‚n¢ztUa y­¬ q?t‰‘wlonpa{iFuv y fh©‰‘{ua{rOnpfhajhv)|a{i#~ g|1f‚«?q?rOKn ^nppaj ¬ lxtktFpq=~gfm`Zlonufmqxr­§ QVr y­¬ lxiknppavVnpa{u`Zav{¸O£\iFa1jòtF^F‘{rkq?`!_{rFastF^Ozgvufh£gika}«on l ^nppa y ‘{|ufŸnVtµlx‚|a{vVq?tU‘{wlMnwa{ikpv lxi~ y fŸ©‰‘{parF|{av oG5 a{v y aprkfha{uvrFavuq?rOntµlxv.j ¬ lxtFtkpq=~gfm`Zlonufmq?r°¸ lxi vua{rFv|jmlxvuvufh£gikax¸ . êê/Ü[Z]\ ^-_2`.

(40) . < ]     .

(41)    . ­y ¬ qxt‰‘wlonpa{iFuv y fŸ©‰‘{parOnpfhajhvR¤!|{qgaClZ|fha{rOnwv}`!a{vpikwlx’kjha{v§ Q‚r6a©‰an{¸òjha{v

(42) «olxufmlonufmq?rkv y a{v |{qgaClZ|fha{rOnwv y a{v#q?tU‘{plonwaiFpv#lxi~ y fh©‰‘{ua{rF|a{v,rFa t‰ap`!anunwa{rOn,tFlxv{¸k¤j¯ljhfh`fhnpax¸ y°¬ q?’g¦ nwa{rfm

(43) iFr6|{qgaClZ|fha{rOn}`!a{vpikwlx’kjhax§ ‡ lxrFv&jmltkp‘{vua{rOnwa ‘nwi y ax¸q?rv ¬ fhrOnw‘{ua{vuvpa2lxitFpq?’jm_`Za}vpikfŸ«olxrOn-Lk|q?rFvªf y ‘pq?rkv iFr |Š^µlx`!t6lojm‘{lonwqofmua Zq?rrFa.tFlxujha{pldtkjmikv y a.tUa{p`!‘{lx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘ l=zOlor\n

(44) ikrFaRvunppiF|1nwiFua y a n¢ztUa‘{|Š^kfh£\ikfma{§ »|Š^µlx£\iFa|=lxvuaavun lonpnpufh’FiF‘{a2fhr y ‘{tUa{r y lx`!`!a{rOn y av loiknwua{v

(45) |=lxvua{v iFrFa «olojha{iF¸kvuqxfhn ESiFrFaRtUanufhnpa «olojmaiF 3s¸vuqxfh n ?¸kl=«xa{|.tFuq?’µlx’kfŸjŸfhnp‘{v,pavptUa{|1npfŸ«?a{v n 

(46) §F¨sq?iFv y fhvp|p‘1npfhvpq?rFvs|{a y q?`Zlofmrka.a{r`!anpnwlxrOn

(47) iFrt‰qofmrOn y aRjml”?ufŸjŸjma y lxrFv. a |Š^µlx£\iFa’k jhq| 6 y a5|anunwa¶Sl q?r­¸šrFq?iFvdtkpa{rkq?rFvdiFrka`lMfhjŸjma y a5”?ªfhjŸjma y a5j ¬ q? y pa y a j ¬ ‘{|Š^Fa1jhjha y a{vs^F‘np‘{pqx”?‘{rF‘1fhnp‘{v§ Q‚r6a©‰an=¸ò|q?`!`Za2j ¬ q?rOnsvpqxikjhfh”?rF‘ - #!< $!eX)R y lxrFv,jha|{l y pa y­¬ lxtFtkpq=~gfm`Zlonufmq?rkv tµlx y fŸ©‰‘{parF|{av µrfmav{¸Ul µr y apa{r y palxi`fmai~ |{q?`!tknpa y a j ¬ fhrk¶Àq?u`lMnpfhq?rd¶Àq?iFurkfma,tFlxšjmlRvunppiF|1nwiFua y i`!fŸjŸfmai­¸xfŸjFrFq?ikv:¶Slxikn‚tFua{r y pa iFrFa!`ZlofhjŸjha y aZ”xufŸjhjhaZlxi `!qxfhrFv y i¥N` ^{`!aqx y uax¸vufhrFq?r¥tkjhiFv2t‰a1npfŸnwao¸£\iFajmlnwlofŸjhjha |=lxplx|np‘{ufhvunufm£\iFa y a.j ¬ ^F‘1nw‘pq?”?‘rF‘fŸnw‘o§ €‚ikfhvrFq?iFv tFua{rFq?rkv|q?`!`!aítkpq?’µlo’kfhjŸfŸnw‘ y a‚nwplxrFvufŸnpfhq?ra{rOnwua y a{i~|{lxvpav«xqxfhvufhrFa{v j¯l`!qKz?a{rkrFa^Flxp`!q?rkfh£\iFa y a{v,«olojha{iFuv y a{v

(48) |=lovpa{v§  ¬ q?tU‘{plonwaiF,jhfh`fhnpaR«olZlMjmq?uv ^nppa iFrFas`lMnwufh|{asvp|{lojmlofmua}|{lx‚j¯l y fhvunpufh’Fiknpfhq?r y i`fŸjhfha{ia{vunífhvpqxnppq?tUax§\¨sq?iFvía1~tFufh`!q?rFv lojmqxpv‚jma

(49) |q?`!t‰q?ªnwa`ZarOn#lxvªzg`Ztnwqxnufm£\iFao¸\jhq?uvp£\iFa  nwa{r y «xa{p v k¸ y iZ|{qgCa lZ|1fmar\n a©‰a{|·¦ npfŸ¶:a{r6¶Àq?rF|1npfhq?r y ajmlZtkpq?’µlo’kfhjŸfŸnw‘ § Rr±tUa{iknsrFqonwa{s£\iFa2jma`!q y _1jma y a.j ¬ ‘|Š^kfm£\ikfha{ l y ‘uƒª¤!‘nw‘2‘1nwi y fh‘ y lxrFv,jha2|=lxv

(50) |{qxr\nufmr\i Dtµlx

(51) a·~ka`!tkjma y lxrk(v 

(52)  a$ MB31§   +

(53) 0{{  6

(54)  ¨sq?iFvsnwwl=«olofŸjhjhq?rFv}vpiF}iFrFavunwuiF|npiFpa)p‘{”xikjhfh_{ua y an¢zgt‰ad‘|Š^kfh£gifma{§ eiktFt‰qxvpq?rFv¸ t‰q?ik&¶Slx|1fhjŸfhnpa{ jha{v rFqxnŠlMnpfhq?rFv{¸g£\iFaRjha{v#|qxfmrkv y a{v,|{lxpu‘{v ¶Àqxp`ZlxrOn#|an,‘|Š^kfm£\ikfha{

(55) |q Õrg¦ |f y a{rOn lK«xa{|2jmav

(56) t‰qxfhrOnwv y a 1§ Rr6rkqxnwawl L "!  $#%&  #. (')*!  $#,+& .-   #. }¨ q?iFvsl y q?tknwqxrFv,jmav y ‘µrkfŸnpfhq?rFv y avsavptµlo|{a{v06 vpq?rOnswlxtkt‰a1jm‘a{vsa{r  rFrFa·~a §h?§.  /021   3- 54. ¸. an. 87 (/:9 0;"<,=?> @7  /A9 0; B =?>  7  /A9. £\ikf. åHéê åÀë.

(57) 

(58)        ! #"$ %  & #'(  ) *. 6– H¼ Àº y a.nwwlorFvufŸnpfhq?r.  FM 0 1 21 0 4#. 7  # # 9

(59)  #    K F   &  *- 

(60) 

(61)       V 

(62) 

(63)        #   #.  )

(64) *- 

(65) 

(66)    . . 7 # # 9 . vunŠlMnpfhvunpfh£\iFa{`!ar\ns^Fqx`Zqx”?_{rFa. 7 # )( # 9. tFuq?’µlx’kfŸjŸfhnp‘{v  4. !#"%$'&       !%   [  #. 7 = #  = 9 # 4%4%4 # 7* #+ * 9   -,  . +/  !    7 =1032 #4 =56 0 2 #7 9 # 44%4 # 7* 062 #4 * 062 #7 9   8  <    2   :9. vuzgvªnw_{`!a y zgrµlx`fm£\iFa£gifVtFp‘vpa{ª«?ajml. 6– H¼ Àº `ZavpiFua.  FM 0 1 21 0 4 4;=<>

(67)        F   @?  A. 3. 4< >CB)DFE D  5GIHV           .    3?   ! J   <> .     3 < B X . <4>K-<  <4>L  9. M  2 ON   <  =<>

(68)        6RQ 7 D 9 .TS   . P 7 <> 9.      1U. P 7 9. egqxfhnj ¬ avptµlx|a5|=lorFq?rkfh£\iFa L D  B nwufh’Fi6|z\jŸfmr y ufh£gika G § Rr y ‘ Frkfhn

(69) j ¬ qxt‰‘wlonpa{iF y a.nwplxrFvªj¯lonufmqxr <4>@B;D. 7ZY 9.

(70) E

(71) E. ap”?q y fh£gika. PWV    %   

(72) E. <4>.     

(73)  P . X ? H  9  9. .r¥jmaZ`)ikrkfhn y ajml. !  #% & $ &  4 . L D. Z7 Y 0  9. {a vªnikr vªzvªnw_`Za y zgrµlx`fh£gikax¸£gikaZj ¬ qxr vuiFtFtUq?vpaZa{u”?q y fm£\iFao§ .r¥vpa y q?rkrFa!iFrFa ¶Slx`fhjŸjma y a«olxufmlx’kjha{v!lojh‘=lMnwqxfhpav  [ 7 9 # 2     nwa1jhjha{v!£\iFao¸:t‰qxiF)nwqxiknC \ D ¸ ajŸjmavs«x‘{uf µar\n7L <>. . [ ":$8&. êê/Ü[Z]\ ^-_2`. 7[ 7 9.  #. [ 7 9  #.

(74) < ]     .

(75)    . an,£\ikfvuq?rOn y ‘Frkfmav}tFlx7L [ 7 <> 9  [ 7  9 #     #q?³ [ 7 9 a{vªn,j¯ldtkpqxƒ„a|npfhq?r vpiF,jml 2 \fm_`!a|qq? y q?rFrk‘{a y a 7 9 § Rr y ‘ Frkfhnsar µr6iFrFa`ZavpiFua@?%vuiF,j ¬ a{vutµlx|{a D npajŸjma2£\iFa  jma2vªzvªnw_`Za y zgrµlx`fh£\iFa <4> tFp‘vpa{ª«?@a ? ¸  ?¥rka.|Š^µlxp”xa.£gika2j ¬ a{rFvua{`)’jma   D B [ "%$8& [ 7 9  #,an [ 7 9   #  jma2|Š^µlo`Zt±lojh‘=lonpqxfhpa  [ 7 9 # 2     vuqxfhnsvªnŠlonufmvªnpfh£gika{`!a{rOnR^kq?`!q?”?_{rkax§. 7[ 7 9 ƒ„q?iFa.jha xjha y a2jml!tFpq?’Flx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘ y a.nwplxrFvufŸnpfhq?r y a.j ¬ q?ufh”xfhrFalxi±tUqxfhrOn 2 ¸Ua1n j¯ltFuq?’µlx’kfŸjŸfhnp‘ y a2npwlxrkvufŸnpfhq?r y°¬ iFr6tUqxfmrOn  loi6tUqxfhrOn  032 a{vª-n L 9  [ 7 <4> 9. 7 #  3 0 2 0 C 3 =. y ‘{tUa{r y lxrF|{a,ar 1§ %patFp‘vpar\npa,j ¬ ‘nwlon y a&j ¬ a{rO«\fmuq?rFrFa`!a{rOn=§ Rr÷v ¬ fhrOnw‘pa{vuvpatkjhiFv}tFp‘|fhvp‘{`!ar\nlxi±|=lxv}tµlxªnpfh|{ikjŸfmaRvpifh«olxrOn-L‰¤|Š^µlx£\iFa)t‰qxfhrOn y a.j¯l!”?ufŸjŸjma2a{vªnRlMnpnwªfm’kiF‘.fmr y ‘{tUa{r y lo`Z`!ar\nRiFr±|q$a lZ|fha{rOn 6£gifšrkatUa{iknstFua{r y pa £gika y a{i~«olojha{iFu7v L  l=«xa{|tFpq?’Flx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘ #       #  7  9  l=«xa{|tFpq?’Flx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘ 

(76) 4 ¨}q?iFv&p‘{lojhfhvpqxrFv iFrkaR`Zlxp|Š^Fa lojh‘=lonpqxfmua vuiF&jml”?ªfhjŸjhax§ .rrFa}«oltUq?ik«xqxfh vpa y ‘{tkjmlx|a{ £gika%«xa{uv6ikr rkq?`)’Fua µrkf y atUqxfhr\np7v L  2 B 7[ 7  9    ¸&j ¬ arFvpa`)’kjha y a{v y ‘{tkjmlx|a{`!a{rOnwv}t‰qxvpvufh’kjha{v¸Uavunsj ¬ a{rkvpa{`’kjha µrkf vuikfŸ«xlor\7n L   7  #: 9 #

(77)  = #    # lK«xa{| =  7  #: 9 #   7  # 9 # | ¬ a{vun ¤  y fmua£gika5jmavvwlxiknpvdrFavuq?rOnt‰qxvpvufh’kjha{v!£\iFa5«?apvdjha{v£\iµlonppatkjhiFvtFuq|Š^ka{v «?qxfhvufhrFv{M§ a{v

(78) tFuq?’µlx’fhjŸfhnp‘{v y a.nwplxrFvufŸnpfhq?r Dq?rdrka#rFqxnpa{wl}tkjmikv-j¯l. [ 7 9 7 #  062 9 #.  #2   . vpq?rOnVjmavV`ZqKzxa{rFrFav ^µlop`!q?rkfh£\iFa{v y aví«olojha{iFuv y a{v y ai~!vufŸnwavJÀ«?qxfh U9"<W-.@XY+D9*)+\.43·¸ fÕ§ ax§CL vuf 2 #. [ 7  9   7 9  7  032 9 vuf 2    = #    #. [ 7  9  7  7  9  7 9 9 0 032  vuf 2 7  #: 904. [ 7  9 

(79). [ 7  9 [ " >  &. åHéê åÀë.

(80) “. 

(81)        ! #"$ %  & #'(  ) *. .rua{`Zlxp£\iFa£\iFa2jmavstkpq?’µlo’kfhjŸfŸnw‘{v y a.nwplxrFvªfhnufmq?rvuq?rOn vªz`!‘1nwufh£\iFa{v`L . 7 #  3 0 2 9 7 032 #  9 4  # 2  1   L /[ 7 9 /  [ 7 1 <,=  9. .r y ‘ µrkfŸn=¸òtUq?iF § 5 qxrFvuf y ‘{uq?rFv

(82) jma2tFuq?’kjh_{`!alxi~ y fŸ©‰‘{parF|{av vuikfh«olxrOnRL . / . / /. [ 7  9  7  6 0 2 9 0 1  P 7 9 # /   [" /  #  7  9. . 7 9.     / #    (/. q?³ P a{vun2ikrFa¶Àq?rF|nufmqxr lop’kfŸnwplofmua y a 6  7 (/A9 :§ 5 a1npnwa¶Àq?u`!ar ¬ ‘1nŠlxrOn2tµlovRnwp_v2tFwlM¦ npfh£gikax¸UrFq?iFv lojhjhq?rFv}|Š^Fa{u|Š^Fa{2¤!j¯l`Za1npnppa)vuq?iFvsj¯l!¶Àq?p`!a y fh«xa{p”xa{rF|ax§  y q?tknpq?rFv}jml rFqxnŠlMnpfhq?r.vpikfŸ«olxrOnwa L=tUq?iF­nwqxiknwa:¶Àq?rk|npfhq?r y ‘ µrfmaVvpik­j¯l,”?ªfhjŸjma (/ ¸=t‰qxiF  # 2   / ¸. . 1. 7 7  3 0 2 9

(83) 7  9 904. y a.vuzg`!‘npufha y a{v

(84) tFuq?’µlx’kfŸjŸfhnp‘{v y aRnpwlxrFvªfhnufmqxr­¸Fan,jhaR¶SlofŸn ?¸µq?rq?’knufmarOn / Sj ¬ q?tU‘{plonwaiFs¤dj ¬ ‘{|Š^Fa1jhjha 1 3eL. QVriknufhjŸfhvwlxrOn,/jha{v

(85) tFpqxtFufh‘np‘{v. £gika. . [ 7  9. . [ " /  [ 7  9

(86) / 7  9. egf­q?rtUq?vpa. L.

(87) . . [ " / . / < [ 7  9 [ 7 9  [ 7  9 #. . ¸ ‘nŠlor\n,jha.vuzg`’‰qxjha y a .pq?rka{| xa{¸µq?rllMjmq?uv. / > / [Z[ 7 9 [ 7 9  Z[ [ , 7 9.

(88) / .     / 4. . [ > [ " /. . . < [. / 7 9  Z[ >[  7 9  [ 7  904. j ¬ q?tU‘{plonwaiF

(89) ^Fq?`!q?”?‘rF‘fhvp‘ L 9 4  y fh« 7 C8 [  i~ F  6  7 (/:9  6–FM 0 1H¼21Àº 0 4 8 Rr6rFqxnpa . 

(90) .

(91) . . /. 7 9. êê/Ü[Z]\ ^-_2`. . . . . . . / [ > [ 7 2 # = 9  /[Z[>   [ [ > [ 7 2 #  9  Z[ [>   [.   *-A    J . /. . . /"!. $#. /. / = 7  9.  7 9&% 4. . L.

(92) KŽ. < ]     .

(93)    .  ¾?º 0: 2;& 0 ¾    . 6– H¼ Àº.  FM 0 1 21 0 4 =   ). / /.

(94). P / #. .  /:9(4  ; B =?>  7 (/A9 # P /  ; ,< =?>  7 (.    

(95) 

(96)     -P /  ; <,?= >  7 (:/ 9

(97) 

(98)   -P /

(99) /

(100) E P B.     

(101) / 

(102) /

(103)  E

(104) B F  ; <,=?>  7  9 . C . . /. /.

(105) E

(106) E. . B. *-    F  ; B =?>  7 9 # *-    F  6  7  9    B B. . B  !   )%    N   .

(107). /. . . . .

(108). . B.   %  ). P #. . B  ; =?>  7  9 # B. y fh« 7 9 4 qxrFvuf y ‘{uq?rFv

(109) j¯l¶Slx`fŸjhjha y a2tFpq?’jm_`Zav y a‡sfmªfm|Š^kjhan}vpifh«olxrOnwaL . 5.   *- 

(110) 

(111)  N   N     

(112) . .

(113) / . /. P@/ #. /. .  ; B =?>  7 (/:9. q?³ P@/ {a vªn

(114) j¯lpavunpufh|npfhq?r y a P vuiF  / À«?qxfh rFrka1~a §Ù31§ 5 Gº B‚ºU— 1À¼!1Sº 0 4  3 ®º\¿Sº :F4  C! H   J      4 /

(115) /"

(116)  E B ¨sq?iFv2vwl=«xq?rFv y aZtjmiFv2£\iFa L 7 9#  # avun2j¯l`Zlonwªfm|af y arOnpfŸnw‘&3.|=lo2jml y fmvªnwªfm’Finpfhq?r y i±`fŸjhfha{i±a{vun

(117) fhvpqxnppq?tUa2an,jmlZ`Z lonpufh|{a.jŸfm`fŸnwa2a{vªn |q?rFvunwlxrOnwao§ • / g™ A?°˜ 4 7 / a{vªn y ‘ µrkfha.vpiF (/ a1n / B vpiF  §k€šq?iF,£\iFa}j¯ld|q?rO«?a{u”?a{rk|{a y a «?a{uv B lofŸn

(118) iFr6vpa{rkv{¸µfhj¶Sloikn

(119) ‘npa{r y ua |q?`!`!a2fhr y fh£\iF‘ y lxrFv,j ¬ }rFrFa1~a )§ S§ ‡RlxrFv-jha,|=lov y­¬ iFr!`!fŸjŸfmai|{q?rOnpfhr\i­¸O|{aunwlofmrkv:p‘vpikjŸnŠlonpv‚|{q?rk|{a{urµlxrOn‚jha,|{q?`!tUq?unpa{`!a{rOn y i›|{qgCa lZ|fha{rOnZ^Fq?`!q?”x‘{rF‘1fmvu‘6ar ¶Àq?rF|1npfhq?r y ajml÷tFpq?’Flx’kfŸjhfŸnw‘ vuq?rOn!|{q?rFr\iFTv À«?qxfh 

(120)  9A.431§-¨}q?ikvlojŸjmq?rkvrFq?iFv)fhrFvutkfmua{ y avtFpaik«?av y a5|{avZu‘{vuikjhnwlonwva1ndjha{v l y lxtknpa{,tUq?iF,nwuq?ik«xa{ y a{v

(121) u‘{vpijhnwlonwvsa{r6`fhjŸfmai y fhvp|pa1n=§ .

(122) . . .

(123) .  . . . . . . åHéê åÀë.

(124) ?. 

(125)        ! #"$ %  & #'(  ) *. a vun‚|q?rFvwlo|{p‘#¤s«?‘uf µa{‚£\iFa&j ¬ q?rlk¸MtUq?iF jmav:q?tU‘{wlMnwa{ikpv vwlonufmvª¶SlofmvplxrOnjha{vZtFuq?tFufh‘np‘{v y aj¯l¥€‚pq?tUq?vªfhnufmq?r S§ U¸:jml¥|q?rO«?a{u”?a{rk|{a y a{vZ‘{rFap”xfha{v t‰q?ik y a{v tkpq?’kjh_{`!av}«olxufmlonufmq?rkrFajhvRl=«?a|)|q?r y fŸnpfhq?rFv y a)‡sfmªfm|Š^kjhanRrFq?r®^kq?`!q?”?_{rka{v lxi~’‰qx y v§ 5 aRu‘{vpijhnwlon,rFq?ikv#t‰ap`!anunwplda{rFvuikfhnpa y a nppq?i«?a{&jmaR|q?`!t‰qxunwa`!a{rOn y i |{qgaClZ|fha{rOnVa©‰a{|1npfŸ¶ 7 9 a{rd¶Àq?rF|1npfhq?r y a a{r!iknpfŸjŸfmvplxrOn:j¯lR`!‘1nw^Fq y a y a „tUa{p|qxjmlonpfhq?r y a{v

(126) |=lorµlxi~Š§ a2p‘vpikjŸnŠlMn}tkufhrF|fhtµloj avunsjma2vpifh«olxrOn L  @ –g&º 2Pg™ 4 J   B       

(127)   O     (      F 

(128)         [[ H|¶„ § p

(129) b 9 M  ! #"$ %  ] #'(   * 7 9 J   &  a&tFpa`!fha{-tµlxwlo”?wlxtk^Fa  . .  = 7 9     7 9  9 9

(130)  ]    *      B  .  .  .    B .   7 9 )#   7 9    B    .    !  ) *       B !  

(131)      9  . 7 9 . . ad|q?`!t‰qxunwa`!a{rOnlxvuzg`!tknwqonpfh£gika y npfh£gika B a{vun&fmrOnp‘{pavpvplxrOn

(132) ¤|q?rFrµl<mm nwua}a1n. –gº& g™. adj¯l5|q?rFvªnŠlxrOnwa 7 9 tFp_v y a)jml«olojmaiFR|uf´¦ tUa{in ^nppastFp‘|fhvp‘RtFlxíjhasp‘{vuikjŸnŠlon vpikfŸ«olxrOn-L.   ) %

(133)   !  ) J &    @ 2P 4   V    = #   # S = # S       %       H    B .  = 7 B

(134) 9 Q     7 9 # H    B .  . lšfh”?iFuafŸjŸjmiFvªnwua|au‘{vuikjhnwlon=§. 7 9. . 

(135) B  Q &  4. Ut q?vuvufh’kfhjŸfŸnw‘{v&t‰qxiF‚jmav&tFuq?’µlx’fhjŸfhnp‘{v y a

(136) nwwlorFvufŸnpfhq?r LOfh|fòrFqxiFvínpwlM¦ «xlMfhjŸjmqxrFv l=«xa{|jml!`ZqKzxa{rFrFa)^µlxp`!q?rfm£\iFao¸‰`Zlofhv}qxr±tUq?iFuwlofŸn

(137) ¶Slofmua y a`N^`Zaa{r±tFpa·¦ rµlxrOn)jha{vd`!qKz?arFrFav!lxufŸnw^F`!‘1npfh£gika{v{¸-”?‘{q?`!‘1nwufh£\iFa{vqxi›lxiknppa{v S«xqxfm 8 @ '< cede I(.' *)&f<Rq?³ vpa±nppq?i«?a{rOnjmavp‘vpikjŸnŠlMnwv y a®rFq?`’Fpai~(|=lojh|{ikjhvr\iF`!‘ufh£gika{v 3·§a{vtFpqo¦ ’kjm_`!a{v)vuq?rOn¤6|{q?rFvªf y ‘{pa y aZj¯lN` ^{`!a¶Sl q?r¥andvuau‘ y ifmvua{rOna{r ¶Slofhn¤ y a{vtFpqo¦ ’kjm_`!a{v y a2t‰ap|{qoj¯lonufmqxr­§ XÇjµzZl2tkjhiFvufha{ikpv. êê/Ü[Z]\ ^-_2`.

(138)

Références

Documents relatifs

To test whether the vesicular pool of Atat1 promotes the acetyl- ation of -tubulin in MTs, we isolated subcellular fractions from newborn mouse cortices and then assessed

Néanmoins, la dualité des acides (Lewis et Bronsted) est un système dispendieux, dont le recyclage est une opération complexe et par conséquent difficilement applicable à

Cette mutation familiale du gène MME est une substitution d’une base guanine par une base adenine sur le chromosome 3q25.2, ce qui induit un remplacement d’un acide aminé cystéine

En ouvrant cette page avec Netscape composer, vous verrez que le cadre prévu pour accueillir le panoramique a une taille déterminée, choisie par les concepteurs des hyperpaysages

Chaque séance durera deux heures, mais dans la seconde, seule la première heure sera consacrée à l'expérimentation décrite ici ; durant la seconde, les élèves travailleront sur

A time-varying respiratory elastance model is developed with a negative elastic component (E demand ), to describe the driving pressure generated during a patient initiated

The aim of this study was to assess, in three experimental fields representative of the various topoclimatological zones of Luxembourg, the impact of timing of fungicide

Attention to a relation ontology [...] refocuses security discourses to better reflect and appreciate three forms of interconnection that are not sufficiently attended to