La maladie de Wilson ( A propos de 5 observation )

(1)

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2(25+ 5 ! +( / 6 2*7/ /1+ 8 0 +9 6 1 72:/(+ 1 5 0*+98 6 78/*:( *8/(/;+<* =/(>1/8= 6 5+2; / 7+0 :+/(/;+<* 6 782+7 1 7 - 9+ '

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' ' ' 8/A *8 5B = 72(1/(/;+ ' 1 ' ' C' 8/A *8 5 *8/(/;+ ' ' ' ' ' 8/A *8 5 *8/(/;+ ' ' ' C ' 8/A *8 5 D2 78/. 7 8/(/;+ ' ? D

(2)

(3)

Au bon dieu

Tout puissant

Qui m’a inspiré

Qui ma guidé dans le bon chemin

Je vous dois ce que je suis devenue

Louanges et remerciements

Pour votre clémence et miséricorde

(4)

A mon père

Errahmouni mehmmed

Vous avez consenti par votre grand amour pour

moi et par votre sacrifice, de patience, de

bienveillance et d’encouragement à mon

éducation et ma formation ce qui a fait toute ma

force et m’a permis de mener à terme mes projets.

Je ne saurai jamais exprimer le précieux

sentiment d’un jeune homme auquel vous avez

tout donné et qui vous adresse l’expression

profonde d’une gratitude qui animera son cœur

(5)

A ma mère

Amirrar rhimou

Ma plus grande chance est de t’avoir pour mère.

Ton amour inquiet, ta confiance en moi, ta

tendresse débordante m’ont encouragé à

surmonter toutes les difficultés durant mon

long chemin et réaliser, enfin, le but assigné.

Aucune dédicace ne serait aussi belle pour

t’exprimer mon profond amour et ma gratitude.

(6)

A ma sœur nawal

Source de joie perpétuelle ! Tu m’as

toujours donné le meilleur de toi-même.

Les mots me manquent pour te dire

combien tu m’es chère.

Que dieu te garde.

(7)

A ma

A ma sœur Bouchra

sœur Bouchra

sœur Bouchra, , , , à son mari

sœur Bouchra

à son mari

omar et

omar et à ma ni

à ma ni

à ma nièce Aya

èce Aya

Je vous exprime à travers ce travail mes

sentiments fraternels et chers que j’ai pour

vous.

Je vous souhaite à tous, tout le bonheur

que vous méritez.

(8)

A mes frères :

Nulle expression ne saurait exprimer

l’amour, la tendresse, et l’attachement que

j’ai pour vous.

Veuillez trouver ici l’expression de mes

souhaits les plus sincères de santé, de foi et de

(9)

(10)

A notre maître

A notre maître, , , , président de thèse

président de thèse

président de thèse ::::

Monsieur

Monsieur H

H

Hicham Tahri

icham Tahri

icham Tahri,,,,

Professeur agrégé d’ophtalmologie au

CHU Hassan II de Fè

CHU Hassan II de Fèssss

''''

Vous nous avez fait le grand honneur

d’accepter la présidence de notre jury. Votre

sagesse et vos qualités humaines resteront pour

nous le meilleur exemple. Nous vous

remercions vivement et nous vous exprimons

notre profond respect et notre sincère

gratitude.

(11)

A notre maître

A notre maître, , , , rapporteur de thèse

rapporteur de thèse

rapporteur de thèse ::::

Madame Ouafae Messouak

Madame Ouafae Messouak,,,,

Professeur agrégé de neurologie

Professeur agrégé de neurologie au

au

CHU Hassan II de Fès

CHU Hassan II de Fès....

Vous nous avez honoré en nous confiant ce

travail que vous nous avez inspiré et que vous

avez guidé dans sa réalisation par vos précieux

conseils et avec une grande sympathie.

Votre sens scientifique ; Votre méthode de

travail et votre dynamisme resteront pour nous

un exemple à suivre.

C’est ici pour nous l’occasion de vous témoigner

notre profonde reconnaissance et notre gratitude.

(12)

A notre maître, juge de thèse

A notre maître, juge de thèse ::::

Mon

Monsieur

sieur

sieur Mohammed Faouzi

Mohammed Faouzi

Mohammed Faouzi Bela

Mohammed Faouzi

Bela

Belahhhhsen

sen

sen....

sen

Profess

Professeur agrégé de neurologie

eur agrégé de neurologie

eur agrégé de neurologie au CHU

au CHU

Hassan II de Fès

''''

Nous vous remercions du grand honneur que

vous nous faites en acceptant aimablement de

faire partie de notre jury de thèse.

Qu’il nous soit permis de vous exprimer notre

profonde gratitude et notre respectueuse

considération.

(13)

A notre maître

A notre maître, , , , juge de thèse

juge de thèse

juge de thèse ::::

Monsieur Mohammed El Abkari

Monsieur Mohammed El Abkari,,,,

Professeur agrégé d’hépato

Professeur agrégé d’hépato----gastro

gastro

gastro----

gastro

entérologie au CHU Hassan II de

Fès

Fès....

Nous vous remercions d’avoir bien voulu

siéger parmi le jury de notre thèse.

Nous sommes honorés de votre présence

et veuillez trouver dans ce travail,

L’expression de notre reconnaissance et

notre profond respect.

(14)

2:( 5

27+ 8

2:( 5 2:8 9+27+/ 8 1+ 8 =287+ 4 78/5*07+/ + 7/8+<* *E+ 1 =287+ 4 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 6 7*5 8 78/ = 07+9 ' ,. 27+ 7 7 1 7 /5 . 8 727+/ 5 /: 8927+/ ., : 8927+/ , . : 8927+/ .F : 8927+/ F . : 8927+/ .# : 8927+/ # 8/+ + 1 =287+ 4 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 6 ( 5/ 5 (2 (+77 827*8 ' 2=+78 4 D 82(+7 *8 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / , . =+5 1+/(/;+ . = 07 ; 7+<* 5 (2 12(25+ ., D 82(+7 . *727+/ F. > +/=27 /(/;+ F., 0*+98 F.,., 2 8 =287+7+/ 5* 0*+98 F.,. 2==/87 5* *+98 F. 72:/(+ 1 5 0*+98 F.F / <* 0 5 *727+/ 4 +1=207 0 G ( 2(25 F. 9/(*7+/ 27*8 (( 5 (2 12(25+ 2=+78 4 2 +A 727+/ 0(+ +<* ,. /81 >1=7/127+<* 4 ,., 2 +A 727+/ + 2*;*82( ,. 2 +A 727+/ *8/(/;+<*

(15)

,. ., > 58/1 E782=>821+52( ,. . > H+ + ,. .F > 287 8+ ,. . 72E+ 7 78 1/8 =/ 7*82( 7 + 7 7+/ ( ,.F 2 +A 727+/ = >0 +278+<* ,. 2 +A 727+/ E782. *8/(/;+<* ,. ., 77 + 7 =27/:+(+2+8 7 ;2 78/.+ 7 7+ 2( ,. . 77 + 7 127/(/;+<* ,. .F 77 + 7 /0*(2+8 ,. . 77 + 7 8 2( ,. .# 77 + 7 / 7 /.287+0*(2+8 ,. .I 77 + 7 5/08+ + ,. .J 77 + 7 0285+/92 0*(2+8 ,. . 77 + 7 5 (2 = 2* 7 5 = 2 8 ' ,. . 77 + 7 +11* /(/;+<* . /81 2 >1=7/127+<* 2=+78 4 +2; / 7+0 =/ +7+A ,. 8;*1 7 0(+ +<* . 8;*1 7 :+/(/;+<* ., E21 / = 0+A+<* . +(2 0*=8+<* . ., 0*+98 7/72( . . 0*+98 (+:8 . .F 2 0 8*(/=(2 1+ . . 0*+98 *8+ 2+8 . .# 0*+98 =27+<*

(16)

F., +2; / 7+0 + 5+8 07 A21+(+2( F. +2; / 7+0 ; 7+<* 5+8 07 F.F 5+027+/ 5 5+2; / 7+0 ; 7+<* . 8;*1 7 825+/(/;+<* ., *8/. 12; 8+ . 12; 8+ =27+<* .F 25+/(/;+ / * #. ( 078/= > +/(/;+ I. 27/1/=27 /(/;+ J. 1280 7827 ;+<* - *+98 2=+78 4 +2; / 7+0 5+AA 8 7+ ( 2=+78 4 82+7 1 7 7 =8/ / 7+0 ,. 82+7 1 7 ,., + 7 7+<* ,. 2 . +0+((21+ ,.F 2 78+ 7+ ,. K+ 0 ,.# 7 7827 +/1/(>:527 ,.I 7+/E>52 7 ,.J 782+7 1 7 52 5 +7*27+/ = 0+A+<* ,. J., 27+ 7 2 >1=7/127+<* ,.J. 82+7 1 7 5B 78 7+ ,.J.F +88 / 5 0/1= ,.J. *AA+ 2 0 =27+<* 2+;* ,.J.# 52 7 (2 ;8/ ,.J.I 2 782 =(2 727+/ =27+<*

(17)

,. ., 82+7 1 7 5 A/81 =27+<* ,. . 82+7 1 7 5 A/81 *8/(/;+<* ,. .F 82+7 1 7 5)*92 7 ,. 2 *89 +((2 0 ,. ., + +7+27+/ 5* 782+7 1 7 2. =27+ 7 >1=7/127+<* :. =27+ 7 =8 >1=7/127+<*

,. .

Surveillance de l'efficacité de traitement

,. .F

Surveillance de la compliance au traitement

. 8/ / 7+0 %*278+ 1 =287+ 4 ,. + 0* +/ 7 0/11 72+8 *8 (2 8+ . %* ( 782+7 1 7 0 /+ +8 L F. / 0(* +/ 4 *1 +:(+/;82= +

(18)

2:( 5

2:8 9+27+/

2:( 5

2:8 9+27+/

2:( 5

2:8 9+27+/

C 4 2 2* 5 C2> 8. ( + 0 8 4 2(2 + 21+ /.782 A 82 4 2 =28727 21+ /.782 A 82 4 25 / + 78+.= / = 27 4 2*7/8+ 27+/ 7 1=/82+8 5B*7+(+ 27+/ 4 0/ 0 7827+/ 0/8=* 0*(2+8 1/> 1/;(/:+ 4 0 78 27+/ 2( 5 8 A 8 0 4 0 8*(/=(2 1+ 8+:(2; 4 + ;( 782 5 0/ A/8127+/ =/(>1/8= + 1 * 4 0*+98 D 4 A+:8// /;2 78/5*/5 2( : 4 1/;(/:+ ; 4 +11* /;(/:*(+ 4 +12; 8+ =28 8 / 2 0 12; 7+<* C: 4 H+(/:2 4 > (+ /(> 78/=/ 7+<* 4 /812( 4 *1 827+/ /81*( 2 ;*+ . 4 =/(>1 82 0 2+ 8 207+/ . 8 78+07+/ A82;1 7 ( ;7 =/(>1/8= + 1 4 8 A( E / 7 /7 5+ *E 4 7/1/5 +7/1 78+ 4 72*E 5 =8/7 8/1:+ D 4 9/(*1 ;(/:*(2+8 1/>

(19)

8888 1+ 8

1+ 8

287+

(20)

78/5*07+/

78/5*07+/ 4444

2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / /* (2 5 ; 8 0 0 =27/( 7+0*(2+8 7 * 7/E+0/ 0*=8+<* 8 5+72+8 M 5 782 1+ +/ 2*7/ /1+<* 8 0 +9 5* - * 1*727+/ M * + 87+/ /* * 5 ( 7+/ 5* ; J (/02(+ *8 ( 0 8/1/ /1 ,F<, 'F. < ,', 0/52 7 =/*8 * =8/7 + 782 1 1:82 2+8 5 782 =/87 5* 0*+98 M <*+ . 782N * 5+1+ *7+/ /* * 2: 0 5B E08 7+/ 5* 0*+98 52 (2 :+( 7 / 20. 0*1*(27+/ 7/E+<* 52 (B/8;2 + 1 7+ (( 1 7 52 ( A/+ M ( > 7 1 8. 9 *E 0 782( 7 (2 0/8 OIIP' B 7 * 12(25+ 828 M ( 7*5 7+1 7 <*B+( > 2 * A2 7 12(25 =/*8 F 2+ 2 0 O,# P OF P' 5 :*7 5 (2 >1=7/127/(/;+ 0(+ +<* 7 78 828 292 7 (3Q; 5 F 2 M (2 12(25+ 5 9 (/== ( =(* /*9 7 52 (2 =8 1+ 8 /* (2 5 *E+ 1 5 0 + 5 (2 9+ ' ( +; 0(+ +<* / 7 78 =/(>1/8= M 5/1+ =28 * >1=7/127/(/. ;+ =27+<* " =27+7 2+;* & $M * >1=7/127/(/;+ *8/(/;+<* "(2 5> 7/ + M( 78 1:( 1 7M( 78/*:( 5 (2 1280 ''''$ <*+ 7 9/(/ 7+ 8 200/1=2; 5 78/*. :( = >0 +278+<* "78/*:( 5 (2 = 8 / 2(+7 M 5* 028207 8 /* 5 = 8A/812 0 M * 727 5 =8 +A /* = >0 / $' * +9 2* /0*(2+8 6 (32 2* 5 C2> 8. ( + 8 7 /*9 7 =8 7 52 ( A/81 *8/(/;+<* O ,,P' A/81 - =8 727+/ 127/(/;+<* M 5/08+ + M / 7 /287+0*(2+8 M 8 2( /* 0285+2<* / 7 1/+ A8 . <* 7 ' 12 +A 727+/ 5 (2 12(25+ = *9 7 8 7 8 + /( M B2 /0+ 8 /*

*00 5 8 E=(+<*2 7 (2 928+ 7 5 72:( 2*E 0(+ +<* 8 0/ 78 O,F P'

5+2; / 7+0 7 =/ =28 (2 0/ A8/ 727+/ 27/1/.0(+ +<* 7 :+/(/;+<* " *=8 . 1+ M *=8*8+ M 0 8*(/=(2 1+ =(2 127+<* $' 2 *8/.+12; 8+ " M $ 8 9 ( 5 2 /12(+ 5 +; 2( 52 ( />2*E ;8+ M ( 7 2(21* M ( 78/ 0 0 8 :82(M (2

*: 72 0 :(2 0 M <*+ / 7 8 9 8 +:( 7/*7 0/11 ( +; 0(+ +<* B+( / 7 782+7 2 G 7R7 O, P'

(21)

( B2;+7 5 (B* 5 12(25+ 8 5+72+8 ( =(* A20+( - 782+7 8' 782+7 1 7 7 :2 *8 (B*7+(+ 27+/ 5B* 0 (27 *8 5* 0*+98 /* * + +:+7 *8 5 / 2: /8=7+/ + 7 7+ 2( ' 2 . +0+((21+ S 8/(/9/( T 8 7 * 782+7 1 7 5 8 A 8 0 M +( 5/+7 U78 78 =8+ ( =(* 7R7 =/ +:( 7 +( 5/+7 =8 58 - 9+ ' (B2: 0 5 7/*7 782+7 1 7M (B 9/(*7+/ =/ 72 5 (2 12(25+ 7 ( =(* /*9 7 1/87 (( OF P' 5 =+ 72; 5 (2 12(25+ 7 + 5+ = 2:( 52 (2 A8278+ 5* 12(25 - (2 8 0 80 5 A/81 2 >1=7/127+<* <*+ =8U7 7 1+ *E 2* 782+7 1 7' *+9+ 8 ;*(+ 8 5 =27+ 7 7 + 5+ = 2:( =/*8 32 *8 8 5 (2 7/( 82 0 7 5 (2 0/1=(+2 0 2* 782+7 1 7' 3 9/(*7+/ 7 ( =8/ / 7+0 5 = 5 7 5 (3 E7 +/ 5 ( +/ 0 8 :82( 7 =27+<* 02* =28 (3200*1*(27+/ 5* 0*+98 ' 2 0 78292+(M /* 7*5+ 8/ (2 =8 727+/ 0(+ +<* 5 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +(. / M 5 207*2(+7 0/ 0 8 2 7 ( 5+2; / 7+0 7 ( 782+7 1 7 5 0 77 12(25+ ' 5 *E+ 1 =287+ /* 7*5+ 8/ * 8+ 5 0+ < =27+ 7 2>2 7 7 *+9+ =/*8 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 2* 2 2 M 5+ 0*72 7 ( 8 *(727 /:7 * 52 ( :*7 5 8 92(* 8 0 77 =27 /(/;+ 5 =/+ 7 5 9* 0(+ +<* M =2820(+ +<* 7 7 82= *. 7+<* '

(22)

+ 7/8+<*

8/+ ;82 5 = 2 *00 5 7 52 (3 + 7/+8 5 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 5*. 82 7 =(* 53* + 0( O,# P O P O P' 2 =8 1+ 8 =287+ 0/ + 7 (2 5 08+=7+/ 0(+ +<* 7 (2 0/1=8 +/ 5 (2 = > +/=27 /(/;+ ' , I, 4 8 8+0 1 7+/ =/*8 (2 =8 1+ 8 A/+ (2 12(25+ 52 / (+98 S 82+7 *8 (2 12(25+ 5 A/+ T' , F 4 ! 7= 2( 5 08+7 * 5 /858 *8/(/;+<* =8/;8 +A 29 0 5> 287 8+ 8 1/8 + 7 7+/ (M 8+;+5+7 M 272E+ M +2(/88 7 (2:+(+7 1/7+/ (( M <*+ 72+7 /11 = *5/ 0( 8/ ' , 4 78*1= (( /*(+; (2 0/ E+ 7 0 5 0 > 58/1 29 0 * 0+88 / ' , V , F 4 08+=7+/ 5 (32 2* 9 87 = 8+0/8 =28 C2> 8 =*+ =28 ( + 8' , , 4 *8/(/;* 6 ' 'C ! +( / " 82+ $ =8/=/ ( 7 81 5 5 ; 8 . 0 0 ( 7+0*(2+8 =8/;8 +9 =/*8 5 +; 8 * 2AA 07+/ 828 7 0/ 7211 7 1/87 (( 028207 8+ =28 * 0+88 / 7 * 277 + 7 *8/(/;+<* M 29 0 5> 7/ + M * 5> 287 8+ M * 5> H+ + *89 2 7 0 G ( *) 7 ) * ' , ,F 4 *1= ( 9+ 2; <* (2 12(25+ 7 5* - * 78/*:( 5* 1 72:/(+ 1 0*=8+<* ' , , 4 2(( + 78/5*+7 ( 7 81 5 5 ; 8 0 0 =27/( 7+0*(2+8 7 =8/. =/ * 782 1+ +/ 2*7/ /12( 8 0 +9 5 (2 12(25+ ' , 4 *1+ ; 1 7 9+5 0 (3+1=(+027+/ 5 (2 *80 28; 0*+98 '

(23)

2 5 *E+ 1 = 2 92 8 9/(*7+/ 8 (2 9+ 5 12(25 29 0 (2 5 0/*9 87 =8/;8 +9 5 /*9 2*E 782+7 1 7 4 , #, 4 *1+ ; =8/=/ 0/11 782+7 1 7 =28 5+1 802=8/( " ' ' W$ + ) 072. :( ' , #I 4 ! 2( =8/=/ * 782+7 1 7 0 (27 *8 = 8 / (2 . +0+((21+ 6 * 5 8+9 5 = +0+((+ M 0 1 5+021 7 5 9+ 7 2(/8 ( 782+7 1 7 5 8 A 8 0 ' 1U1 0 80 *8 , I 2 5 9 (/== (3* 2; 53* /*9 (( 1/( 0*( *7+(+ 2:( 0 G ( =27+ 7 + 7/( 82 7 - (2 . +0+((21+ 4 (2 78+ 7 >( 7 7821+ /* 78+ . 7+ ' , I, 4 0 /*X+ H *7+(+ ( K+ 0 0/11 782+7 1 7' , JJ 4 //; 8/*5 0/11 0 - 1=(/> 8 ( K+ 0 =/*8 782+7 8 ( =27+ 7 ' , F 4 8 X 8 0/ A+81 (3+ 7 8U7 5* K+ 0 52 ( 782+7 1 7 5 (2 12(25+ ' 2 5 8 + 8 = 2 7 028207 8+ =28 ( 5 0/*9 87 ; 7+<* 4 , # 4 8>512 7 ( (/02(+ 7 ( ; 5 A 07* *E *8 ( 0 8/1/ /1 ,F' , F 4 ; J 5 (2 12(25+ 7 +5 7+A+ + 5 = 5211 7 =28 78/+ <*+= *((M 2 G+ 7 @212;* +' , # 4 =8/5*+7 5* ; 7 +5 7+A+ '

(24)

*E+ 1

=287+ 4

(25)

2

2 2 12(25+ 5 !

12(25+ 5 !

12(25+ 5 ! +( /

+( /

+( / 6 7*5

6 7*5

6 7*5 8 78/ =

6 7*5

8 78/ =

8 78/ = 07+9

8 78/ =

07+9

,

,.

.

. 27+

.

27+

7

7 7 1 7 /5

7 1 7 /5

78292+( 7 * 7*5 8 78/ = 07+9 8 2(+ 0 G 0+ < =27+ 7 =/87 *8 5 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / M 52 ( :*7 5B* 8 92(*27+/ 5 0 77 =27 /(/;+ 5* =/+ 7 5 9* 0(+ +<* M =2820(+ +<* 7 7 82= *7+<* ' /: 8927+/ / 7 7 0/((+; 52 ( 89+0 5 *8/(/;+ 5* 2 2 5 M 5*82 7 * = 8+/5 5 # 2 "5* ?2 9+ 8 F 2* 5 0 1:8 J$' /* ( 12(25 2>2 7 5 >1=7R1 *8/(/;+. <* 9/027 *8 29 0 /* 2 5 +; E782. *8/(/;+<* / 7 7 + 0(* 52 0 77 7*5 ' 0+ < 12(25 / 7 * 5 E21 =2820(+ +<* 0/1=8 2 7 4 - M :+(2 =27+<* M :+(2 8 2( 6 - +(2 0*=8+<* 6 - 12; 8+ 0 8 :82( M 0 /;82= + :5/1+ 2( 7 (2 A+:8/ 0/=+ 5+; 7+9 2*7 ' 3 E21 /= 72(1/(/;+<* 29 0 (2 (21= - A 7 M - (2 8 0 80 532 2* 0/8 M 2 7 8 2(+ 0 G 7/* ( 12(25 ' 5+2; / 7+0 =/ +7+A 5 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 2 7 8 7 * 5 92 7 5 28;*. 1 7 0(+ +<* M :+/(/;+<* 7 825+/(/;+<* ' *8 ( =(2 7 82= *7+<* M 78/+ 5 / 12(25 / 7 7 /*1+ - (2 . +0+((21+ 7 5 *E 12(25 / 7 =8+ ( *(A27 5 K+ 0' 52 7 (3 / =+72(+ 27+/ ( 782+7 1 7 2 7 + 78/5*+7 - 5 5/ 08/+ 2 7 7 * 5/ 53 78 7+ 2 7 8 0/112 5 2=8 (2 /87+ 5 (3 R=+72( 29 0 * *89 +((2 0 0(+ +<* 82==8/0 ' * (B2 = 07 ; 7+<* 7 8 5+72+8 5 0 77 12(25+ M 3 <*U7 A21+(+2( - (2 8 . 0 80 5 02 +1+(2+8 2 7 8 2(+ =28 (3 E21 0(+ +<* 5 (2 A8278+ 5 5 *E 12(25 5 (2 8+ M 0 = 52 7 ( 2*78 A8278+ B/ 7 =2 7 E21+ =28 8 A* 5 (2 A21+(( '

(26)

.

. 8

8

8 727+/

727+/

727+/ 5

5

5 /:

/:

8927+/

.

.,

,

:

8927+/

,

( 32;+7 5 (( 'C Q; 5 , 2 M + * 5B* 128+2; 0/ 2 ;*+ 5 =8 . 1+ 8 5 ;8 M 5 *E+ 1 53* A8278+ 5 ' 2 2 7 0 5 7 M / /7 * =+ /5 5B+07 8 7 * 21 /88 =8+12+8 ' (3Q; 5 ,J 2 M (2 =27+ 7 2 =8 7 * 78/*:( 5 5 ;(*7+7+/ 7 5 (2 1280 M I 1/+ =(* 7285M (( 2 =8 7 * 5> 28. 7 8+ M * 1*7+ 1 7 * >= 8 +2(/88 ' 98+ 8 FM (2 =27+ 7 A*7 / =+72(+. 2* 89+0 5 *8/(/;+ M 0 G <*+ (3 E21 0(+ +<* 78/*92+76 2 727+/ 5 :/*7 7 (2 1280 / 7 +1=/ +:( M ( 8 A( E / 7 /.7 5+ *E 5 1 1:8 + A 8+ *8 / 7 =8 7 >1 78+<* 7 9+A M 8 A( E 2* *E 7 2:/(+ 7 * 2=82E+ 5 (2 1280 7 53 2:+((2; ' 3 E21 /= 72(1/(/;+<* - (2 (21= - A 7 2 8 9 ( * 2 2* 5 C2> 8. ( + 0 8 :+(27 82(' 8 *(727 5* :+(2 :+/(/;+<* 72+ 7 ( *+92 7 6 * 8/1:/= + - #', F₁₁F_{M *} _{127/08+7 2:2+} _{- F YM *}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

(27)

0(+ +<* 6 * 8 ;8 +/ 5 +; *8/(/;+<* 29 0 (2 = 8 + 72 0 5 (B C ' B E21 0(+ +<* 5 (2 A8278+ 5 (2 12(25 B2 =* =2 U78 AA 07* =28 8 A* 5 (2 A21+(( '

8:8 ; 2(/;+<* 4

2 / G ?2 2 : /

2 + 5 E 2 12(25+ 5 ! +( /

(28)

+;*8 , 4 0 8 :82( 0/*= 2E+2( (2+8 1/ 782 7 5 >= 8 +; 2*E 2* +9 2* 5 7 2(21* M 5 />2*E ( 7+0*(2+8 53* A2[/ :+(27 82( 7 >1 78+. <* '

Figure 2 : IRM cérébrale en coupe axiale

FLAIR ne montre pas d'anomalie

(29)

.

:

8927+/

( 32;+7 5 (3 A2 7 '@ Q; 5 , 2 M + * 5B* 128+2; 0/ 2 ;*+ 2>2 7 0/11 2 7 0 5 7 5 *E \ *8 5 0 5 *+7 - (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / ' 8/+ 1/+ 292 7 (2 0/ *(727+/ M ( =27+ 7 2 =8 7 5 1/*9 1 7 2 /812*E 5 <*278 1 1:8 7>= 5 5> 7/ + =*+ (2 >1=7/127/(/;+ 3 7 8+0 + =28 (32==28+7+/ 53* 5> = 2;+ 7 53* 5> 287 8+ ' /9 1:8 M ( =27+ 7 A*7 / =+72(+ 2* 89+0 5 *8/(/;+ M 0 G <*+ (3 E21 0(+ +<* 78/*92+76 +; 5 /1: 8; 7 =/ +7+AM * 1280 =2 7+<* 29 0 277+7*5 5> 7/ +<* "=+ 5 1 7. 7 7 E7 +/ /* A( E+/ =(2 72+8 A/80 $ 29 0 5 1/*9 1 7 2 /812*E 5 A( E+/ 7 53 E7 +/ 5 =/+; 7 M 5/+;7 E7 +/ 7 255*07+/ M * >= 8. 7/ + ; 82(+ 7 78/*:( 5 0//85+ 27+/ 29 0 = 87*8:27+/ 5 (B =8 *9 5/+;7 G 7 5 (B =8 *9 5 128+/ 77 ' 3 E21 /= 72(1/(/;+<* - (2 (21= - A 7 2 1+ 9+5 0 * 2 2* 5 C2> 8. ( + 0 8 :+(27 82(' 8 7 5 (B E21 /. 127+<* 72+7 2 =287+0*(28+7 ' :+(2 :+/(/;+<* 2 7 8 2(+ 0 G 0 =27+ 7 7 +( 2 1/ 78 * 7 8/1:/= + - J ', F₁₁F_{M *} _2:2+ _- _{YM *}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

(30)

(2 A8278+ 5* 12(25 B2 =2 8 9 ( 5B2 /12(+ ' =8 5 *E 1/+ 5 782+7 1 7M ( 0*=8+= 2 7 288U7 82+ / 5 2 / 5+ =/ +:+(+7 M 8 1=(20 =28 ( *(A27 5 K+ 0 "K+ 2 H+ #1;$ ,0= 78/+ =8+ =28 )/*8' /* 782+7 1 7 (B 9/(*7+/ 2 7 128<* =28 * 8 ;8 +/ 1/5 8 5 +; 0(+ +<* '''' 8:8 ; 2(/;+<* 4

I

II

Cas index

III

Y S Mi N Kh Me

Maladie de Wilson

Cas décédé

Figure 3: TDM cérébrale en coupe axiale montrant

(3 >=/5 +7 5 5 *E =*721 29 0 278/= + 0/87+0/. /* .0/87+02( '

(31)

.

.F

F

:

8927+/

F

( 32;+7 5 8 'C M Q; 5 ,J 2 M + * 53* 128+2; 0/ 2 ;*+ 5 =8 1+ 8 5 ;8 M 2 2 7 0 5 7 =27 /(/;+<* /72:( ' B + 7/+8 5 (2 12(25+ 292+7 5 . :*7 *A 1/+ 292 7 (2 0/ *(727+/ /^ ( =27+ 7 2 =8 7 * 78/*:( 5 0/1=/8. 7 1 7M 5 08+ 5 8+8 M * >= 8 +2(/88 M 5 5> = 2;+ M 78/*:( 5 (2 ;2; M 78/*:( 5 (2 1280 7 (B2==28+7+/ =8/;8 +9 53* 8 7285 + 7 (( 07* (' /9 1. :8 IM ( =27+ 7 A*7 / =+72(+ 2* 89+0 5 *8/(/;+ M 0 G <*+ (3 E21 0(+. +<* 78/*92+76 * 78/*:( 5 (2 1280 " >= 8 (/85/ M :82 8 78/=*( +/ 1280 - = 7+7 =2 M =+ 5 0/(( 2* /( 7 5+1+ *7+/ 5 :2(2 0 1 7 5 :82 $M ( / 7 =8 7 29 0 78 =+527+/ =+( =7/_5 5 5 *E 0R7 7 * >= 87/ + ; . 82(+ 29 0 = /1 5 (2 8/* 5 7 ' 2 0/ *(727+/ /= 72(1/(/;+<* 8 78/*. 92+7 * 2 2* 5 C' :+(27 82(' 8 7 5 (B E21 0(+ +<* 72+7 /812( 5 /8 5B* =( /1 ;2(+ ' *1 827+/ A/81*( 2 ;*+ 1/ 782+7 * 2 1+ 1/. 5 8 " :`, 'F; 5($M >=/0 8/1 " ` F '#; 5($M /81/0>72+8 " D ` a1F_$ 7 * 8/1:/= + - J ', F₁₁F_' _:+(2 _0*=8+<* _{72+7 = 87*8:} _{7 ( <*} ₍₂ 0*=8 1+ 2:2+ - 'F 1; (M (2 0 8*(/=(21+ 1+ AA/ 58 Z ', ; ( 7 (2 0*=8*. 8+ 5 ( 9 - ,F a; " Z# a; /* Z M a1/( $M ( 8 7 5* :+(2 :+/(/;+<* 72+7 2 =287+0*(28+7 ' B 0 8 :82( 2 /:) 07+9 , * 2 = 07 >=/. +; 2(M * 2 = 07 >= 8 +; 2( + 7 8 2 7 ( =*721 5 (/0* +; 8M 5 A2+ 0 2*E =>821+52*E 2* +9 2* 02= *(2+8 5 1U1 <*32* +9 2* 5* 1 . 0 = 2( 7 5* / M 8 = 072 7 ( />2*E 8/*; M 0 77 277 + 7 7 :+(27 82( 7 >. 1 78+<* "A+;' M#$' B 0 /;82= + 2:5/1+ 2( 2 1+ 9+5 0 M * A/+ 7 8/; 5 0/ 7/*8 +88 ;*(+ 8 M 29 0 * =( /1 ;2(+ A2+ 2 7 9/<* 8 * >= 87 +/ =/872( *8 A/+ 5 0+88 / ' 2 D 2 1/ 78 0/85/ 928+<* *E 725 2* +. 9 2* 5* , F + A 8+ *8 5 (3\ /= 2; ' 5+2; / 7+0 55+2; / 7+0 55+2; / 7+0 55+2; / 7+0 5 (2(2 12(25+ 5 ! +( /(2(2 12(25+ 5 ! +( /12(25+ 5 ! +( /12(25+ 5 ! +( / 2222 7777 72:(+ :2 2 7 *8 ( =2821 78 0(+ +<* 7 =2820(+ +<* * 0+7 72:(+72:(+ :2 2 7 *8 (:2 2 7 *8 ( =2821 78=2821 78 0(+ +<*0(+ +<* 7 =2820(+ +<*7 =2820(+ +<* * 0+7* 0+7 72:(+ :2 2 7 *8 ( =2821 78 0(+ +<* 7 =2820(+ +<* * 0+7 ''''

(32)

782+7 1 7 29 0 . +0+((21+ " # 1; $ 2 7 + 72*8 - 5 5/ 08/+ 2 7 M 288+92 7 - 0= ) 2*<* ( B 7 2 /0+ * 782+7 1 7 =8 9 7+A 5 (2 8*=. 7*8 5 928+0 \ /= 2;+ " (9/0285>( 1; b 0= )$' =8 * 2 5 782+7 . 1 7 29 0 * :/ AA+020+7 7 7/( 82 0 M ( =27+ 7 2 + 7 88/1=* ( 82+ / 5 2 / 5+ =/ +:+(+7 M 8 1=(20 =28 ( *(A27 5 K+ 0 "K+ 2 H+ #1;$ ,0=E )' * 0/*8 5 0/ *(727+/ M (2 *89 +((2 0 0(+ +<* 0/ 727 * 21 (+/82. 7+/ 5 78/*:( 5 (2 ;2; M 5 78/*:( 5 (2 1280 7 * 5+ =28+7+/ 5 78/*:( 5 5 ;(*7+7+/ M / /7 ;2( 1 7 * 77 21 (+/827+/ 5* 0/1=/87 1 7 7 5* +. 9 2* + 7 (( 07* ( 2 29/+8 (B2==28+7+/ 5 78/*:( = >0 +278+<* ' B E21 0(+ +. <* 78/*9 * 5+1+ *7+/ 5 :2(2 0 1 7 5 :82 2* 0/*8 5 (2 1280 M ( / 7 =8 7 29 0 78 =+527+/ =+( =7/_5 5* 0/7 58/+7 M * >= 87/ + 1+ +1 29 0 = /1 5 (2 8/* 5 7 ' G (2 A8278+ 5 0 =27+ 7M (B E21 0(+ +<* 72+7 78+07 1 7 /812('

(33)

33 8:8 ; 2(/;+<* 4

III

IV

Cas index Ah Kh Mu Ih Hi Me Ha An Fa

La maladie de Wilson

(34)

Figure 4 : coupe axiale d'IRM cérébrale en séquence montrant

5 >= 8 +; 2*E + 7 8 2 7 ( =*721 7 ( (/0* +; 8

.

Figure5 : coupe axiale d'IRM cérébrale en séquence Flair montrant des hypersignaux

d'une façon bilatérale et symétrique,

5 =*721 M 5 (/0* +; 8M 5 1U1 <* 5 A2+ 0 2*E =>821+52*E 2* +9 2* 02= *(2+8 '

(35)

.

:

8927+/

( 32;+7 5 (( ' Q; 5 ,J 2 M 2>2 7 0/11 2 7 0 5 7 * =+ /5 53+07 8 - (3Q; 5 # 2 M * 21 /88 =8+12+8 7 (( 292+7 5 *E \ *8 5 0 5 *+7 - (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / ' B + 7/+8 5 (2 12(25+ 292+7 5 :*7 78/+ 1/+ 292 7 (2 0/ *(727+/ /^ (( 2 =8 7 * 78/*:( 5 (2 ;2; M * 2H+ + 7 * 5+1+ *. 7+/ =8/;8 +9 5 8 5 1 7 0/(2+8 ' ?*+ JM (2 =27+ 7 A*7 / =+72(+ 2* 89+0 5 *8/(/;+ M 0 G <*+ (3 E21 *8/(/;+<* 78/*92+7 **** > 58/1> 58/1> 58/1> 58/1 E78E782.E78E782.2.2. =>821+52( 2H+ 7/ =>821+52( 2H+ 7/ =>821+52( 2H+ 7/ =>821+52( 2H+ 7/....8+;+58+;+58+;+5 MMMM ( 88+;+5 7 5 (B E21 0(+ +<* 8 78/*92+7 <*B* =( /. 1 ;2(+ A 81 ' 3 E21 /= 72(1/(/;+<* - (2 (21= - A 7 2 5 0/*9 87 (2 =8 . 0 5B* 2 2* 5 C2> 8. ( + 0 8 :+(27 82(' *1 827+/ A/81*( 2 ;*+ 1/ 782+7 * 2 1+ 1/5 8 " :` 'I; 5($M /81/0 8/1 " `F '# ; 5($ 7 1+08/0>72+8 " D `J a1F_$' _{B2 2(>} _{5* :+(2} _0*=8+<* _{2 8 9 (} _* _:2+ ₅ ₍₂ 0*=8 1+ 7 5 (2 0 8*(/=(21+ 1+ 2 /0+ - * 2*;1 727+/ +1=/872 7 5 (2 0*=8*8+ 5 ' 8 7 5* :+(2 :+/(/;+<* 72+7 78+07 1 7 /812(' B 0 8 . :82( 2 5 7 07 (2 =8 0 53* +; 2( + 7 8 2 7 ( />2*E ;8+ 0 782*E 5 A2[/ :+(27 82( 7 >1 78+<* M 0 7 >= 8 +; 2( + 7 8 ;2( 1 7 ( 1 0 = 2( 7 ( 7 ;1 7*1M 8 = 072 7 ( />2*E 8/*; "A+;' IMJ$' /7 2* + (2 =8 0 53* ( +/ /5*(2+8 0 7+1 78+<* 0/87+0/. /* .0/87+02( =28+ 72( 58/+7 M >=/ +. ; 2( , 7 >= 8 +; 2( 6 0 7 2 = 07 7 A29 *8 5B* 5 =R7 =28212; 7+.

<* ' B 0 /;82= + 2:5/1+ 2( 2 /:) 07+9 * 9/(*1+ * =( /1 ;2(+ /1/. ; M * A/+ 7 8/; 7 * 1+ +1 =2 0 1 7 + 782.= 8+7/ 2(' 2 D B2 =2 1/ 78 532 /12(+ ' 5+2; / 7+0 5 12(25+ 5 !5+2; / 7+0 5 12(25+ 5 !5+2; / 7+0 5 12(25+ 5 !5+2; / 7+0 5 12(25+ 5 ! +( /+( /+( /+( / 2 72 72 72 7 0/ A+81 =28 (0/ A+81 =28 (0/ A+81 =28 (0/ A+81 =28 ( 2 2 2 28888;*1;*1;*1;*1 7 0(+ +<*7 0(+ +<*7 0(+ +<*7 0(+ +<* 7 =2820(+ +<*7 =2820(+ +<*7 =2820(+ +<*7 =2820(+ +<* * 0+7* 0+7* 0+7* 0+7 '''' 782+7 1 7 =28 ( *(A27 5 K+ 0 "K+ 2 H+ #1;$ 2 7 + 72*8 ",0= 78/+ =8+ $ 29 0 * 7/( 82 0 E0 (( 7 M B 9/(*7+/ *8/(/;+<* 7 128<* =28 (2 72:+(+ 27+/ 5 (2 >1=7/127/(/;+ 6 (2 = 8 + 72 0 5 > 58/1 E782=>821+52( 2H+ 7/.8+;+5 29 0 78 1:( 1 7 5+ 08 7

(36)

5B277+7*5 M * 5> 287 8+ 7 * >= 8 2(+927+/ ' /* 782+7 1 7M (2 =27+ 7 2 =8 . 7 5 78/*:( = >0 +278+<* - 7>= 5B2;8 +9+7 7 5 5 + +:+7+/ <*+ / 7 7 8 ;8 /* * *8/( =7+<* " 2(5/($'

(37)

2 : 0 +;*8 I 4 0/*= 2E+2( 5B 0 8 :82( <* 0 1/ 782 7 * >= 8 +; 2( + 7 8 2 7 ( />2*E ;8+ 0 782*E"2M:$M ( 1 0 = 2( 7 ( 7 ;1 7*1"0$

(38)

+;*8 J 4 0/*= 2E+2( 5B 0 8 :82( <* 0 (2+8 1/ 782 7 * >= 8 +; 2( + 7 8 2 7 ( />2*E ;8+ 0 782*EM ( 1 0 = 2( 7 ( 7 ;1 7*1

(39)

.

.#

#

:

8927+/

#

( 32;+7 5 8 ' M Q; 5 , 2 M 1 53* A8278+ 5 M +( B292+7 2*0* 2 7 0 5 7 =27 /(/;+<* 7 =28 7 B 72+ 7 =2 0/ 2 ;*+ ' (3Q; 5 ,J 2 M ( =27+ 7 =(2+; 2+7 5B* A2+:( 5 1 1:8 + A 8+ *8 29 0 5 0/ 7820. 7+/ 1* 0*(2+8 + 9/(/ 72+8 200 7* =28 (2 1280 7 (3 AA/87 2 /0+ - * 7/87+0/(+ =2 1/5+<* 5 (2 *<* ' 07/:8 JM ( =27+ 7 A*7 / =+72(+ 2* 89+0 5 *8/(/;+ M 0 G <*+ (3 E21 *8/(/;+<* 78/*92+76 5 1/*9 1 7 5> 7/ +<* 5 1 1:8 =(* 128<* - (3 1+0/8= ;2*0 M ( 8 A( E 8/7*(+ / 7 9+A ' B2 2(> 5* :+(2 0*=8+<* 1/ 782+7 * 0*=8 1+ 2:2+ -'Ia1/( (" 4, '#. 'J a1/( ($ 7 * 0 8*(/=(2 1+ 1+ 2:2+ - ', ; ( " 4 ' . ' ; ($' B 0 8 :82( 2 1+ 9+5 0 <* 0 A(2+8 * >= 8 +; 2( 5 :82 =/ 7 8+ *8 M 5 02= *( + 7 8 7 5 = 5/ 0*( 0 8 :82*E "A+;', $' 5+5+2.5+5+2.2.2. ; / 7+0 5 ; / 7+0 5 ; / 7+0 5 ; / 7+0 5 (2(2(2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 2 7 8 7(2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 2 7 8 712(25+ 5 ! +( / 2 7 8 712(25+ 5 ! +( / 2 7 8 7 **** 82+ / 5 08+7 882+ / 5 08+7 882+ / 5 08+7 882+ / 5 08+7 8 0(+ +<*0(+ +<*0(+ +<*0(+ +<* 7 =287 =287 =287 =282.2.2.2. 0(+ 0(+ 0(+ 0(+ ++++<*<*<*<* '''' 782+7 1 7 - :2 5 *(A27 5 K+ 0 "K+ 2 H+ # 1;$ ,0= E ) 2 7 + 72*8 7/*7 *89 +((2 7 (B 9/(*7+/ 0(+ +<* 6 ( =27+ 7 2 0/ * * 2;;82927+/ 5 (2 5> 7/ + 1=U0 2 7 (2 1280 M (3 2:+((2; 7 (32(+1 727+/ 7/*7 *(' /*78 5 K+ 2 H+ M * 1>/8 (2E2 7 " 20(/A $ 2 7 =8 08+7 - 5 5/ =8/;8 +9 ' =8 1/+ M ( =27+ 7 2 288U7 ( 782+7 1 7 *+7 - (B2;;82927+/ 5 (2 >1=7/12. 7/(/;+ *8/(/;+<* '

(40)

Figure 8 : coupes axiales d'IRM cérébrales en séquence T1 ne montrant pas

d'anomalies.

Figure 9 : coupes axiales d'IRM cérébrales en séquence montrant un hypersignal

5 :82 =/ 7 8+ *8 7 5 02= *( + 7 8 '

(41)

Figure 10 : IRM cérébrale en coupe axiale Flair

montrant un hypersignal

5 :82 =/ 7 8+ *8

7 5 02= *( + 7 8 '

(42)

8/

8/++++ + 1

+ 1

287+

287+ 4444

(43)

2

2 2 12(2

12(2

12(25+ 5

12(2

5+ 5

5+ 5 ! +( / 6 (

5+ 5

! +( / 6 (

5/

5 (2

5 (2 (+77 827*8 '

5 (2

(+77 827*8 '

2=+78

4444 D

D

82(+7

*8 (2 12(2

*8 (2 12(

2

2 25+

5+

5+ 5 ! +( /

5+

5 ! +( /

,

,.

.

. =+5 1+/(/;+

=+5 1+/(/;+

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

(44)

.

= 07 ;

7+<* 5 (2 12(25+

. . . ., D, D, D, D 82(+782(+782(+782(+7 (* + *8 72= / 7 128<* (3 7*5 ; 7+<* 5 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / ' 32:/85M ( ; 2 7 (/02(+ *8 ( 0 8/1/ /1 ,F , #M ;8Q0 - * 7*5 (+2+ / 1 52 * ;82 5 A8278+ + 82 (/.282: O,,FP' *+ M ( ; 2 7 +5 7+A+ , F ;8Q0 2* 78292+( 5 78/+ <*+= 5+AA 8 7 O POIFPO ,IP'

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c * : 72 =/(>= =7+5 2== ( J /* ! =28 * ; <*+ 2 7 + /( 7 <*+ 2 I Y 53 /1/(/;+ 29 0 (3 J 8 =/ 2:( 5 (2 12(25+ 5 H O , P' ; 5 (2 12(25+ 5 H 7 E=8+1 52 5 /1:8 *E 7+ * M -(3 E0 =7+/ 5* A/+ ' ; 5 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 7 E=8+1 =8+ 0+=2( 1 7 52 ( A/+ M ( 0 89 2* 7 ( 8 + O P O,#IP'

(45)

. . . . *727+/*727+/*727+/*727+/ =*+ / 0(/ 2; M , FM =(* 5 F *727+/ =28=+(( *8 7/* ( ; / 7 7 +5 7+A+ 12+ 0 872+ / 7 E78U1 1 7 828 O ##P' =(* /*. 9 7M (( 7/*0 7 ( E/ M M , M ,I 7 , <*+ 0/88 =/ 5 7 2*E 5/12+ A/ 07+/ ( 5 (3 J O, P' +AA 8 7 1*727+/ / 7 7 =8/*9 6 5 ( 7+/ M + 87+/ M / M A82. 1 +A7M 2* +7 53 =+ 2; M E/ H+==+ ; 52 (2 8 ;+/ 0/52 7 O,IJP O ,IP' ((

782N 7 * 5 02(2; 5* 0258 5 ( 07*8 2:/*7+ 2 7 - (2 > 7 5 =8/7 + 78/ <* =8/A/ 5 1 7 1/5+A+ '

1*727+/ ( =(* A8 <* 11 7 8 0/ 78 "F - # Y 5 02 $ / 7 + J, ;( 7 + , J ;( O,#P O,, P' 872+ 1*727+/ / 7 = 0+A+<* 53* ;8/*= 7 +<* M (2 1*727+/ (2 =(* A8 <* 7 52 ( =/=*(27+/ *8/=

7 * *: 7+7*7+/ 5 (3 + 7+5+ , I ;(*721+ 4 + , I D( M 2* +9 2* 5 (3 E/ , O,# P' 77 1*727+/ = *7 U78 0/ +5 8 0/11 =27 /; /1/ +<* 5 (2 12(25+ O,#P OIIJP' (( 82+7 0/88 ( ( =(* /*9 7 - 5 A/81 *8/(/;+. <* 7285+9 O P' 1*727+/ (+ - (3 E/ 82+ 7 (( =(*7R7 0/88 ( -5 A/81 =27+<* O P O ##P' 0 11 7 * 7*5 2 2(>7+<* 2 7 8 2(+ - 2+X2 0 G 5 =27+ 7 27. 7 + 7 5 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / ' E/ M ,,M , M ,FM ,IM,J 7 , 5 (3 J . ( 07+/ =/*8 ( 5 =+ 72; 5 1*727+/ M / 7 532:/85 7 E21+ =28 V =*+ 0/1:+ 2* + ;( V 782 5 5 0/ A/8127+/ =/(>1/8= + 1 M *+9+ 5+8 0. 7 1 7 =28 ( <* [2; 5 (3 O,IJP' 2 =(*=287 5 1*727+/ / 7 7 5 7 0. 7 2* +9 2* 5 E/ M ,,M , M ,FM ,IM ,J 7 , ' 28 0/ <* 0 M +( 7 A/87 . 1 7 8 0/112 5 <* ( + 5+9+5* 29 0 * 8+ <* ( 9 5 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 5/+. 9 7 U78 =8/) 7 *8 ( 1*727+/ 2* +9 2* 5 0 E/ =/*8 +1=(+A+ 8 ( 5+2. ; / 7+0 1/( 0*(2+8 O,IJP'

(46)

2:( 2* , 4 8+ 0+=2( 1*727+/ +5 7+A+ 52 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 4 OIFP O,#JP D *72 7 D /;82= + 5 (2 1*727+/ 28+27+/ > +/(/;+<* 28207 8 5 (2 1*727+/ ((* 7827 *8 + , J ;(> *8/= " (( 12; YM /(/; #JYM 2852+; ,FYM (2 5M *8/= 5 (3 7 FJYM 82 0 M ;( 7 88 $ /*7 928+27+/ 12+ =2 7285+A' +7 200 =7 *8 2 G+ 7 2(' ", F$ + , I D( 727 V + 28 20H2 7 2(M ", #$ /12 7 2(' ", #$' 2 V 2/ 7 2(' ", $ *8/= " /(/; Y$ /*7 928+27+/ 2 G+ 7 2(' ", F$ D(> , IJ 28; 727 . + +7 200 =7 *8 /12 7 2(' ", #$' *8/= " * + M /((2 5 $ =27+<* /* *8/(/;+<* 9 8 2 2 G+ 7 2(' ", F$ + J, D( 727 V + "F,YM Y 5 * $ /*X 7 2(' ", #$ *8/= " * + $ :*7 7285+A 2 G+ 7 2(' ", F$ , =5 ( FFJ 727 V + +7 5 = / = /8>(27+/

(47)

" * Y$ 727 . + :*7 7285+A 78*H+ 7 2(' ", F$ *(( 7 2(' ", F$ 78*H+ 7 2(' ", #$ /12 7 2(' ", #$ , # 5 (J` , 5 ,J *8/= " (2 5 $ ( 9 7 81+ 2( /*5+2 / 7 2(' ", #$ =JI# 8 +;* 7 2(' ", #$ /*5+2 / 7 2(' ", #$ ,# 8 *8/= " +0+( $ ?2=/ E/ ,F H252 7 2(' " $ J , 5 ( J,5 , ?2=/ ,IY H252 7 2(' " $ ?2=/ , Y E/ C+1 7 2(' ", $ /8 "FJY$ d* 7 2(' ", 8;JJ , * E/ + H252 7 2(' " $ C* *52 7 2(' " $ * 8 72(+ F + ?2=/ 5 ( ;(> ?2=/ *(1+ 2 7 C+1 7 2(' ", $ +1+G*

(48)

7 2(' ", $ H252 7 2(' " $ F5 (7>8 ?2=/ A*(1+ 2 7 5 1 5 ( = ?2=/ A*(1+ 2 7 5 1 F 5 (D ?2=/ C* *52 7 2(' " $ + ,,Y E/ , C+1 7 2( ", $ 8;, , 8/ 2+X2 JY ! * 7 2(' ", $ d* 7 2( ", $ + E/ , C+1 7 2( ", $ , J 8 2+X2 ! * 7 2(' ", $ d* 7 2( ", $ * + " Y$ 2 G+ 7 2(' ", F$ , := 5 ( FFJ 727 . + D(> F 8 /12 7 2(' ", #$ 8; , D(> ?2=/ /7>= 5+ =2827 2H +72 7 2(' " $ , 5 ( #,, ?2=/ /7>= 5+ =2827 2H +72 7 2(' " $ (2 J 2( ?2=/ /7>= 5+ =2827 2H +72 7 2(' " $ , J 8 72(+ /12 7 2(' ", #$

(49)

/ 72 +02 2 7 2(' ", J$ ?2=/ ", Y$ H252 7 2(' " $ /8 ", Y$

F

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.

> +/=27 /(/;+

F F F F....,,,, *+98*+98*+98*+98 0/ * 5 , JF =28 (3 0/11 /(+;/. ( 1 7 7+ (M ( *+98 7 * 1+08/ *78+1 7 A2+ 2 7 =287+ 5 5/*G 1 72*E (/*85 + 5+ = 2:( 2*E A/ 0. 7+/ :+/(/;+<* /812( OJFP' ( 7 0 2+8 2* +9 2* 5* +7 207+A 5 /1. :8 *E G>1 2;+ 2 7 0/11 0/A207 *8 52 (2 0272(> 5 8 207+/ 53/E>5/8 5*07+/ O, IP' G>1 0*=8+<* + 7 89+ 7 52 5 /1:8 *E 5/12+ 0 ((*(2+8 7 ( <* 2 0 8*(/=(2 1+ /* A 88/E>52 7 8 <*+ =/*8 ( 782 A 87 5 8 7 > . 7 5 (3 1 "028 0 *+98 1/+ 5 1; ) 3200/1=2; 5 (32 1+ $' /*8 ( 2*78 > 7 1 G>127+<* 0 +72 7 5* 0*+98 M 0+7/ 4 O ,IP . 1/ /21+ /E>52 / 7 0 2+8 - (2 =+;1 727+/ 7 - (2 8 ;*(27+/ 5 *8/782 1 77 *8 7 *8/= =7+5 ' . 2 (> >( /E>52 7 7+ (( - (3 78 7+ 5* 7+ * 0/ )/ 07+A 52 ( =/*. 1/ M (3/ 7 (3 (2 7+ 5 (32==28 +( 0285+/92 0*(2+8 ' . 2 >7/0 8/1 ./E>52 + 7 89+ 7 52 ( 1 72:/(+ 1 /E>527+AM ( A/ 07+/ . 1 7 5 0 89 2*M (2 > 7 5 (3 1 7 (2 > 7 5 = / = /(+=+5 '

(50)

F F F

F....,,,,...,., 2,, 22 8 =287+7+/ 5* 028 =287+7+/ 5* 08 =287+7+/ 5* 08 =287+7+/ 5* 0*+98*+98*+98*+98

3/8;2 + 1 53* 25*(7 2+ M 0/ 7+ 7 5 J - ,# 1; 5 *+98 M / ( 8 . 78/*9 ;82 5 <*2 7+7 52 ( A/+ ", Y$M />2*E =+;1 7 5 0 89 2*M ( 1* 0( M ( 8 + 7 ( / O P' 2 ( 7+ * M ( 0*+98 3 7 )212+ /* A/81 (+. :8 M +( 7 7/*)/*8 (+ - 5 20+5 21+ M - 5 =8/7 + "0*=8/.=8/7 + $ 7 - (2 0 8*(/=(2 1+ ' F F F F....,,,,.... 2==/87 5*2==/87 5*2==/87 5*2==/87 5* *+98*+98*+98*+98 3 2 8 0/112 5 * 2==/87 <*/7+5+ 5 F a; H; =/+5 0/8=/8 ( ) "/* M, 1; )$ 52 ( 02 53* /11 25*(7 7 a; H; =/*8 ( /*88+ / M 0 8 0/112 527+/ 72+ 7 A/ 5 *8 5 7*5 5 2==/87 0 2+8 =/*8 0/1= 8 (2 = 87 <*/7+5+ 5 0*+98 5* 2* 1 72:/(+ 1 7 - (3 E08 7+/ ' 72:( 2*E 7 F A/*8 + 7 8 = 07+9 1 7 (2 7 *8 5 0*+98 - 0/ /11 8 <*/7+. 5+ 1 7 2:( 2* 4 2==/87 0/ +(( 0*+98 "1; )$ 532=8 (32; 0 A82 [2+ 5 0*8+7 2 +72+8 5 2(+1 7 O P' A2 7 5 , - F 2 M A2 7 5 - I 2 , A2 7 5 I - 2 ,M A2 7 5 , - , 2 ,M# 5/( 0 7 " $ 5 ,F - , 2 ,M# /11 25*(7 11 25*(7 ,M# 11 0 + 7 11 2((2+72 7 8 / Q; ,M#

(51)

2:( 2* F 4 / 0 7827+/ 1/> 5 0*+98 52 ( 2(+1 7 O, #P' >= 532(+1 7 / 0 7827+/ a; H; . 8*+7 5 1 8 "=/+ / M 08* 720 7 1/((* <* $ ,M . +2 5 "9/(2+(( M =/8 M :\ *AM 2; 2*$ FM . e *A 7 =8/5*+7 (2+7+ 8 " (2+7M : *88 $ ,MJI . ;*1 "- A *+(( 2(+1 72+8 MA+ 98 M=(2 7 . 820+ $ ,M,J . 8*+7 " 28:8 A8*+7+ 8 > 0/1=8+ ( 28:8 A8*+7+ 8 78/=+02*E $ M . D82+ 7 0 8 2( M . *+( 7 ;82+ MIF . /+E , M . / 5+1 7 7 =+0 IMJI . /+ / "> 0/1=8+ 9+ M :+ 8 7 =+8+7* *E$ M F F F F.... 72:/(+ 1 572:/(+ 1 5 0*+9872:/(+ 1 572:/(+ 1 5 0*+980*+980*+98 32=8 5 7*5 8 2(+ 29 0 5 + /7/= 825+/207+A 5* 0*+98 M / 78/*9 <* (2 12) *8 =287+ 5 0*+98 7 2: /8: - =287+8 5 (3 7/120 7 5 5*/5 *1 7 <*3+( 277 + 7 0/ 0 7827+/ 12E+12( 52 ( 2 ; 5 , - F *8 2=8 (3251+ + 7827+/ /82( O, JP' 2 (3 7 8/0>7 M ( 0*+98 7 /+7 0/1=( E - (2 1 72((/7 +/ + M /+7 (+ -5 21+ /20+5 M (2 1 72((/7 +/ + )/* * ;82 5 8R( 52 (3 /1 / 72 + 5* 0*+. 98 8 ;*(2 7 / =2 2; - 7829 8 (2 =28/+ + 7 7+ 2( O P' *8 ( =(2 ; 82(M ( 1 72:/(+ 1 0 ((*(2+8 5 0*+98 52 ( 7+ * 5 (3/8;2 + 1 A2+7 + 7 89 +8 * 72= 53+ 0/8=/827+/ <*+ 0 +7 (3207+/ 53* 8 . 5*072 1 1:82 2+8 M 0/8 + 0/ * <*+ 8 5*+7 ( * =*+ ( * A82 0 +7 (2 1 1:82 0>7/=(2 1+<* ;8Q0 2* 782 =/87 *8 ,=' 2+7 12+ 7 2 7 <* 52 ( 0/1=287+1 7 0>7/=(2 1+<* ( 0*+98 = *7 U78 7/0H =28 ( 1 72((/7 +/. + /^ +( 7 =8+ 0 28; =28 * 1/( 0*( 0 2= 8/ (2 =8/7 + ,= "/* =8/7 + 7E,$M =287 2+8 0>7/ /(+<* = 0+A+<* 5* 782 =/87 *8 ! +( / 6 (3 J

(52)

"A+;*8 ,,$M O ,P 7 ( =2 2; 5* 0*+98 5 (2 =8/7 + 0 2= 8/ ,= -(3 J 3 AA 07* 2=8 0 2 ; 1 7 0/ A/8127+/ ( 25 <*27 OFIP' 2 =8/7 + J 7 (/02(+ 2* +9 2* 5* 82 .D/(;+ 0 ((*(2+8 "A+;*8 , $M (( =8 7 * 5*2(+7 5 A/ 07+/ =8/:2:( 1 7 53/8+;+ =/ 7 V 7825*07+/ (( ' (( 2 7 1+ 9+5 0 52 ( A/+ M ( > 7 1 89 *E 7 ( 8 + O,J,P' =8/7 + 5 782 =/87 5 1 72*E (/*85 / 7 * +1+(+7*5 M 12+ (3 J 2 5 028207 8+ 7+<* =287+0*(+ 8 "A+;*8 ,,$ /7211 7 4 c /7+A C D 6 +7 5 = / = /8>(27+/ "- (3/8+;+ 5 (32== ((27+/ 2 5 7>= $ OIFP O,, P' c /7+A D = 81 772 7 (2 A+E27+/ - (3 " :+ 5+ ; 5/12+ $ c <* 0 dD Dd d <*+ 8 (+ 5/12+ 5 A+E27+/ 2* ;1 7 782 1 1:82 2+8 OFP OF P O P' cI 1/7+A 8 = 7 D dd - (3 E78 1+7 7 81+ 2( 3 J M * 7*5 8 0 7 2 5 1/ 78 <* 0 1/7+A 2>2 7 * = 0+A+0+7 =/*8 ( 0*+98 7 5 (+ 8 I 1/( 5 0*+98 - * 1/( 5 .7 81+ 2( 53 J OIJPO ,P' c /7+A M 7 +1=(+<* 52 (2 8 ;*(27+/ 5* A(*E 5 0*+98 c /7+A M 7 +7* 2* +9 2* 5 I 1 _{(+0 782} _{1 1:82 2+8}

5 *E 5 8 + 8 1/7+A / 7 0/ 89 =/*8 ( 782 =/87 5 1 72*E (/*85 OFP OF P O P' 77 =8/7 + = 81 7 (3+ 0/8=/827+/ 5* 0*+98 52 ( 0*=8/=8/7 + 5/ 7 (32=/0 8*(/=(2 1+ 72 7 (/02(+ 2* +9 2* 5* 8 7+0*(*1 5/=(2 1+<* 7 /* 5* 0/1=287+1 7 82 .;/(;+ M 12+ (( = 81 7 2* + ( 8 (28;2; 5* 0*+98 52 (2 :+( =28 ( :+2+ 53* 782A+0 9 +0*(2+8 5 0( 0 =28 (3 ( 927+/ 5 (2 0/ 0 . 7827+/ 0*+98 52 (3 =27/0>7 OIFP O, P O I P "A+;*8 , 7 ,F$'

(53)

+;*8 ,,` 78*07*8 5 (3 2 J OIIP'

+;*8 , 4 ( 5 *E /02(+ 27+/ "782 D/(;+ 7 9 +0*( $ 5 (B J 52 (B =27/0>7 OIJP'

(54)

+;*8 ,F 4 82 =/87 5* 0*+98 52 (3 =27/0>7 /812( 7 02 5 12(25+ 5 ! +( / OIIP' F F F F...F.FFF //// <*<*<*<* 0000 5555 1*727+/1*727+/1*727+/1*727+/ 4444 1=2071=2071=2071=207 0000 G (G (G (G ( 12(2512(2512(2512(25 G ( ! +( / + M (2 =8/7 + J 7 5 A 07* * 9/+8 2: 7 ' 0*+. 98 B277 + 7 5/ 0 + ( 02 2(+0*( :+(+2+8 + ( +7 5 > 7 5 (2 0 8*(/=(2 . 1+ ' 5 0/*( * 5+1+ *7+/ 5 (B E08 7+/ :+(+2+8 5* 0*+98 =27+<* 7 * AA/ 58 1 7 5 (2 0 8*(/=(2 1+ <*+ 7 82=+5 1 7 5 ;825 82+ / 5 (B2:. 0 5B+ 0/8=/827+/ 5* 0*+98 "A+;*8 ,F$' 2 :2(2 0 0*=8+<* 7 5/ 0 =/ +7+9 O,IP O, IP' 77 5+1+ *7+/ 5 (3 E08 7+/ :+(+2+8 5* 0*+98 =27+<* 782N * AA 7 7/E+<* *8 (3 =27/0>7 "1/87 0 ((*(2+8 $ 7 * 200*1*(27+/ 5 0*+98 52 ( 7+ . * E782 =27+<* M =287+0*(+ 8 ( 0 89 2*M (2 0/8 7 ( 8 + O IJP' 2 0 8*(/=(2 1+ 2==287+ 7 2* ;8/*= 5 f ;(/:*(+ M 7 > 7 7+ /* (2 A/81 5 (32=/0 8*(/=(2 1+ 52 ( 8 7+0*(*1 5/=(2 1+<* M (( + 0/8. =/8 ( 0*+98 52 (32==28 +( 5 D/(;+ =/*8 ( =/87 8 /8 (2 0 ((*( ' 2 0 8*(/=(2 .

(55)

1+ 7 ( =8+ 0+=2( 782 =/87 *8 5* 0*+98 52 ( =(2 12M (2 0/ 0 7827+/ =(2 . 127+<* /812( 5 0 77 =8/7 + 7 5 - 1; (' (2 5+1+ *7+/ /* (32: 0 53+ 0/8=/827+/ 5* 0*+98 - (32=/0 8*(/=(2 1+ 782N * 5+1+ *7+/ 5 (2 (+: 827+/ 0 ((*(2+8 5 0 8*(/=(2 1+ 7 5/ 0 * 5+1+ *7+/ 5 / 72*E 2 ;*+ "/: 89 0 G #Y 5 12(25 $ OIIP OFP' 5/ 2; 5 (2 0 8*(/=(2 1+ 82+7 5/ 0 * ( 1 7 +1=/872 7 12+ *87/*7 0/1. =( 1 72+8 5* 5+2; / 7+0 5 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / ' F F F F.... 9/(*7+/9/(*7+/9/(*7+/9/(*7+/ 27*8 (( 5 (2 12(25+27*8 (( 5 (2 12(25+27*8 (( 5 (2 12(25+27*8 (( 5 (2 12(25+ * 0/*8 5 (2 = 2 + +7+2( <*+ 0/88 =/ 5 2*E , - =8 1+ 8 2 5 (2 9+ M ( 0*+98 3200*1*( 52 ( =27/0>7 M - 0 725 ( 12(25 / 7 2 >1=7/127+<* O J P' * 0/*8 5 (2 0/ 5 = 2 M 5 I - J 2 M ( 0*+98 7 8 5+ 78+:* 5* 0>7/. =(2 1 =27/0>72+8 9 8 ( (> / /1 <*+ ( <* 782 7M / 7 * AA 7 =8/7 0. 7 *8M ( =(* /*9 7 0 782 A 87 7 =8/;8 +A 2 12 +A 727+/ 0(+ +<* /81+ 5 +; 53 =27+7 1/5 8 M 12+ =28A/+ 0 77 8 5+ 78+:*7+/ = *7 U78 :8*72( 7 782N 8 * 08/ =27/0>72+8 29 0 * =27+7 2+;* 7 * 8 (28;2; 12 +A 5* 0*+98 52 ( 2 ;6 /*80 53 1/(> O, IP OF#P' A+ M 2* 0/*8 53* F 1 = 2 M (2 0/ 0 7827+/ 5 0*+98 (+:8 =(2 127+. <* 2*;1 7 29 0 ( 927+/ 5 (2 0*=8*8+ 7 200*1*(27+/ 5 0*+98 52 ( 7+ . * E782 =27+<* ' 0 725 M +( E+ 7 A8 <* 11 7 5 ( +/ 0 8/ +<* 7 (( <*3* =27+7 0 8/ +<* 207+9 /* * 0+88 / ' (7 8+ *8 1 7M ( 0*+98 =8/9/<* 5 ( +/ 5 />2*E ;8+ 0 782*EM 8 =/ 2. :( 5 12 +A 727+/ *8/(/;+<* 0(2 +<* 1 7 5 08+7 O,#,P O ,FP'

(56)

0(+ +<*

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, , , ,...,.,,, 12 +A12 +A12 +A12 +A 727+/727+/727+/727+/ + 2*;*82(+ 2*;*82(+ 2*;*82(+ 2*;*82( 12 +A 727+/ 0(+ +<* = *9 7 =8 7 8 /* 5+9 8 A/81 7 / 7 78 7 8/; 72 7 52 ( *8 =8 727+/ <* 52 (2 527 532==28+7+/ 5 =8 1+ 8 78/*:( OJ P' 2 12(25+ 8 9 ( 0 G #Y 5 =27+ 7 =28 * >1=7/127/(/;+ (+ -(3277 + 7 =27+<* M 0 G F#Y 5 =27+ 7 =28 5 +; *8/(/;+<* 7 0 G , Y 5 =27+ 7 =28 5 78/*:( = >0 +278+<* OF P O, P' 2 ( 2*78 02 ( 12 +A 727+/ / 7 127/(/;+<* 6 8 2( /* / 7 /287+0*(2+8 O P' 3 + 7/+8 27*8 (( 2 7 2+ + 5 08+7 "532=8 /:> 1/5+A+ $ OJ P' . >1=7/127+<* 4 200*1*(27+/ 5* 0*+98 52 ( 0>7/ /( 53 =27/0>7 ' . +: 827+/ 7 8 5+ 78+:*7+/ 5* 0*+98 ' 2. >1=7/127+<* ' :. 08/ =27+<* ' 0. 1+ 1/(>7+<* ' +. 0 ' ++. 1+ +/ =/ 72 /* /* 782+7 1 7' . 00*1*(27+/ 7+ *(2+8 0 8/ +<* 5* 0*+98 ' 2. >1=7/127+<* " =/ 72 /* 782+7 $ :. 08/ =27+<* ' 0. 8 :82( "A/81 *8/= >0 +278+<* $

(57)

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

7 0/ A+81 52 * 5 *E+ 1 7 1= =28 ( 5+2; / 7+0 ; 7+<* A21+(+2( O#P'

12 +A 727+/ =27+<* =8 5/1+ 7 0 G (3 A2 7 2(/8 <* ( 12 +. A 727+/ *8/(/;+<* / 7 =(* A8 <* 7 2*.5 (- 5 , 2 O, P' 3277 + 7 =27+<* 9/(* 5 A2[/ 928+2:( M =28A/+ 78 ( 7 1 7 :+ 7/( 8 9/+8 72:+(+. (2+ 2 7 3 E7 8+/8+ 8 ( +; *8/(/;+<* O # P' , , , ,.... 2 +A2 +A2 +A2 +A 727+/727+/727+/727+/ *8/(/;+<**8/(/;+<**8/(/;+<**8/(/;+<* 12 +A 727+/ *8/(/;+<* 2==282+ 7 52 (2 5 *E+ 1 - (2 78/+. + 1 5 0 + M 0/ 0 8 2 7 ( 25/( 0 7 7 ( 25*(7 ) * ' 2 =(*=287 5 =8 727+/ *8/(/;+<* 5 :*7 7 5 A2[/ + +5+ * M O P 12+ 0 872+ 02 5 =8 727+/ 2+;* *89+ 7 2=8 * 782*127+ 1 M * + 7 89 7+/ 0 +8*8;+02( /* * 200/*0 1 7 O,,P O,IP'

(58)

2 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / M ( 12 +A 727+/ *8/(/;+<* 3/: + 7 =2 - * 0 8/ /(/;+ 5/ 7 ( 5 ;8 5 8 0*= 827+/ 5 = 5 5 (3 7 5* 5 5/112; 78*07*82*E 5* > 7 1 89 *E 292 7 5 0/11 0 8 ( 782+7 1 7 O IFP' 872+ / 7 2> 5 A2+8 5 0(2 +A+027+/ 5 /* .;8/*= 0(+ +<* A/ 07+/ 5 (2 8 (27+/ 29 0 (3 OF P' . 8 1+ 8 /* .;8/*= 4 028207 8+ =28 * :825>H+ + M * 8+;+5+7 M 5 78/*. :( 0/; +7+A 7 = >0 +278+<* 29 0 5+(2727+/ 5* F 1 _{78+0*( '} . *E+ 1 /* .;8/*= 4 82((+ 5 =27+ 7 29 0 * 272E+ M * 78 1/8M * 02=2. 0+7 A/ 07+/ (( 8 5*+7 7 5 ( +/ A/02( 7 2(21+<* ' . 8 + 8 /* .;8/*= 4 82 1:( 5 =27+ 7 29 0 5 5> H+ + 9 8 M * 5> 287 8+ M 5 78/*:( 5 (2 = 8 / 2(+7 M 7 5 ( +/ A/02( 52 ( =*721 7 ( =2((+5*1 O JP' /8 5B* 0/((/<* 27+/ 2( A82 [2+ *8 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / /8;2 + =28 ( M ( 72:( 2* *8/(/;+<* 0(2 +<* 5 (2 12(25+ 2 7 =8 7 5+AA 8 11 7 (+ 29 0 (2 = > +/=27 /(/;+ 4 . > 58/1 E782=>821+52( =28 277 + 7 5 9/+ +;8/. 78+2( 4 29 0 * 5> 28. 7 8+ M * > 58/1 2H+ 7/.8+;+5 " >=/H+ + M 8+;+5+7 2E+2( M 5+AA+0*(7 53+ +7+27+/ 5 1/*9 1 7 $ 7 * 78 1:( 1 7 5 8 =/ ' . > 58/1 5> 7/ +<* =28 277 + 7 5 ;2 ;(+/ 5 :2 4 29 0 5 = 87*8:27+/ 5 (2 =/ 7*8 7 5 1/*9 1 7 0 /8 /.27 7/ +<* ' . > 58/1 272E+<* =28 277 + 7 5 9/+ 0 8 : ((/.7 2(21+<* 4 29 0 * 78 1. :( 1 7 =/ 7*82( 7 + 7 7+/ ( "78 1:( 1 7 :277 1 7 532+( 7 * 272E+ 5 1 1:8 $' > 58/1 / 7 828 1 7 + /( ' > 7/ + M 2H+ + 7 272E+ / 7 ( =(* /*. 9 7 =8 7 - 5 + 7 +7 928+2:( 0 G * 1U1 =27+ 7 O P'

(59)

, , ,

,.... ...,.,,, > 58/1> 58/1> 58/1> 58/1 E782=>821+52(E782=>821+52( 4444E782=>821+52(E782=>821+52(

2 >1=7/127/(/;+ E782=>821+52( 7 82==/87 52 #Y 5 02 (/ ( 8+ O P O# P OJ#P O, P O P'

2 (2 A/81 =28H+ / + O P - 5 :*7 =8 0/0 <*+ =8 5/1+ 0 G (325*(7 M (2 8+;+5+7 7 5+AA* 5 7>= E782=>821+52(M - =8 5/1+ 2 0 2E+2( ' * 5 :*7M 0 77 8+;+5+7 12 +A 7 <*3- (2 1280 M (2 727+/ 5 :/*7 7 + 72:( M (2 5 1280 7 82+5+ 29 0 7 52 0 - (3 >= 8.(/85/ ' 28 (2 *+7 M 0 77 8+;+5+7 7/*0 ( 1/*9 1 7 A+ M 8 52 7 5+AA+0+( ( ; 7 E 0*7 ' 77 >= 87/ + 2AA 07 2* + ( 1* 0( 5* 9+ 2; M 5* = 28> E 7 5 (2 (2 ;* ' ( 5 0/*( 4 . 5> = 2;+ 4 = /1 A8 <* 7 7 /*9 7 =8 0/0 ' (( 7 8 =/ . 2:( 53* >= 8 +2(/8 M ( 8+ <* 5 A2* 8/*7 7 +1=/872 7' . 5> 287 8+ 4 78 A8 <* 7 M (( 7 53+ 7 +7 928+2:( M ( 5 :+7 9 8:2( 7 82( 7+ 02 5 M 8 52 7 (2 9/+E 2 / /* (2 =28/( + + 7 ((+;+:( M 29 0 7/ 2(+7 5 8+8 7 5* =( *8 5> 7/ +<* ' . A20+ ! +( / + 29 0 * 9+ 2; A+; M ( 782+7 * = * /*(+; =28 (2 5> 7/ + 7 (2 8+;+5+7 ' 2 :/*0 7 78/*9 87 29 0 * 2 = 07 5* /*8+8 = 812. 7M =28A/+ 285/ +<* (/8 5 1/*9 1 7 9/(/ 72+8 O, IP O I P' * (2 A8 <* 0 5 (2 >1=7/127/(/;+ E782=>821+52( M +( A2*7 8 0 80 8 > 7 127+<* 1 7 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / 5 92 7 7/*7 78 1:( 1 7 53277+7*5 /* 7/*7 > 58/1 =28H+ / + 292 7 2 O P' , , , ,.... .... > H+> H+> H+> H+ ++++

A/81 5> H+ 7+<* =8 5/1+ 7 0 G (3 A2 7MO IPO F P 5+ 7+ ;* 78/+ A/81 =8+ 0+=2( 4O,JJPO, IP

(60)

. (2 A/81 272E+<* 29 0 78 1/8 + 7 7+/ ( 7 =/ 7*82( 7 272E+ 5 1 1:8 ' . (2 A/81 2H+ 7+<* 29 0 8+;+5+7 M :825>H+ + 7 78 1/8 5 8 =/ O,I P' A/81 / 7 828 1 7 =*8 7 (2 12)/8+7 / 7 1+E7 /* <* 7+ (( 52 (3 9/(*7+/ ' , , , ,.... ...F.FFF > 287 8+> 287 8+> 287 8+> 287 8+ 3 7 ( 1/5 5 =8 727+/ ( =(* A8 <* 7' (( 7 =8 7 0 G JY 5 02 OF P O #IP O JP O P' 2 5> 287 8+ 7 ( =(* /*9 7 1+E7 M 5> 7/ +<* M 272E+<* M >=/H+ 7+<* 7 = *5/:*(:2+8 ' . 2 5> 287 8+ >=/H+ 7+<* 200/1=2; (2 A/81 =28H+ / + M 29 0 5+AA+0*(7 -(3+ +7+27+/ 7 * >=/= / + ' . 2 5> 287 8+ 5> 7/ +<* 32 /0+ - * 5> 7/ + A20+2( M (+ ;*2( 29 0 * 0 *0 /. 7 1 7 7 * 7+1:8 782 ;( O,I P'

. 2 5> 287 8+ 272E+<* M 29 0 =2827+/ 5 >((2: 9/+8 E=(/ +9 "H(2E/= / + $ 9/+7 52 (2 A/81 = *5/ 0( 8 * ' . 2 5> 287 8+ = *5/:*(:2+8 29 0 * 9/+E A/80 7 1/ /7/ OF P' 2 5> 287 8+ = *7 B2 /0+ 8 - * /*8+8 5> 7/ +<* M * >= 8 2(+927+/ 7 * 78/*:( 5 (2 5 ;(*7+7+/ ' , , ,

,.... .... 72E+72E+72E+72E+ 7777 78 1/8 =/ 7*82( 7 + 778 1/8 =/ 7*82( 7 + 778 1/8 =/ 7*82( 7 + 778 1/8 =/ 7*82( 7 + 7 7+/7+/7+/7+/ ((((

77 A/81 7 =8 5/1+ 2 7 0 G (325*(7 ' 2 5 1280 A2+7 29 0 * 2*;1 727+/ 5* =/(>;/ 5 * 7 727+/ M 5 =2 +88 ;*(+ 8 M 29 0 5 288U7 M ( 78/ 0 / 0+(( 9 8 (3292 7 "272E+ 727+<* $' 78 1:( 1 7 7 5 ;82 5 21=(+7*5 M =/ 7*82( 7 + 7 7+/ (M =8/E+12( 7 5+ 72(' 78 1:( 1 7 + 7 8A 8 29 0 (2 ; . 7* (( M * 5> 1 78+ M * 2 > 0 8/ /1 78+ 7 * 5> 5+25/0/0+ + ' 78 1:( .

(61)

1 7 =/ 7*82( 7 :+ 9+ +:( 2* 12+ 7+ 5 =/ 7*8 M ; 82( 1 7 2*E =/+; 7 7 2*E =2*( "272E+ 0+ 7+<* $' 3277 + 7 5 9/+ 5 727/.8*:8/.7 2(21+<* "= 5/ 0*( 0 8 : (( *E *= . 8+ *8$ 7 8 =/ 2:( ' 32*78 12 +A 727+/ *8/(/;+<* 1/+ A8 <* 7 / 7 7 5 08+7 6 5 +; =>821+52*E 7 = *5/:*(:2+8 6 +; 5 2:+ H+M 5 255/HM 5 /AA12 M * >= 88 A( E+ 7 5 0(/ * OJ P O F P' E0 =7+/ (( 1 7M 5 08+ =+( =7+<* ; 82(+ /* =287+ (( M 1>/. 0(/ +<* /* 727 5 12( = *9 7 8 9 ( 8 (2 12(25+ M (( 8 =/ 5 7 /*9 7 12( 2* 782+7 1 7 2 7+0/1+7+2( O,I P' 78/*:( 0/; +7+A / 7 782 +7/+8 7 2778+:*2:( 2*E 0 2 ; 1 7 1 72. :/(+<* 6 ( =27+ 7 =8 7 7 5 78/*:( 5 1 1/+8 M 5 (2 8 0/ 2+ 2 0 M 5 (B277 7+/ 7 (B2(7 827+/ 5 = 8A/812 0 + 7 (( 07* (( 8 2(+ 2 7 828 1 7 * 72. :( 2* 5 5 1 0 782+72:( O,,,P O,# P O,I P O JP O P'

, , , ,...F.FFF 12 +A12 +A12 +A12 +A 727+/727+/727+/727+/ = >0 +278+<*= >0 +278+<*= >0 +278+<*= >0 +278+<* 78/*:( = >0 +278+<* A/ 7 =287+ + 8 7 5 (2 12(25+ ' 77 /7+/ 2 7 *87/*7 5 7 81+ =28 + ; 7 88+/ O,P O IP O #P' ( / 7 + 2*;*82*E "52 ,#Y 5 02 $ /* 200/1=2; 7 ( 12 +A 727+/ *8/(/;+<* ' ( / 7 2(/8 532*72 7 =(* 9 8 <* (2 >1=7/127/(/;+ *8/(/;+<* 7 292 0 O,, P' 3 9 72+( 5 12 +A 727+/ = >0 +278+<* 7 0/ +5 82:( M =28 /858 5 A8 <* 0 / 8 78/*9 4 g 8/*:( 7 >1+<* 6 ( 32;+7 A8 <* 11 7 53* 5 =8 +/ 5 ;829+7 928+2:( M 29 0 =28A/+ 5 200 1 (2 0/(+<* 9/+8 78/*:( :+=/(2+8 O,P' 7 727+9 5 *+0+5 / 7 =2 828 O P' 0/ 727 2* + * >= 8 1/7+9+7 7 * (2:+(+7 5 (3 *1 *8'

(62)

g 8/*:( 5 0/1=/87 1 76 1:( 5 /5+A+027+/ 5 0/1=/87 1 7M +88+72:+(+. 7 M 2;8 +9+7 M 0/( 8 +11/7+9 O, P <*+ *89+ 7 - (325/( 0 7 7 = *9 7 =2. 82N78 :2 2( 7 8 7285 8 ( 5+2; / 7+0 O, P' (3 E78U1 / = *7 0/ 727 8 5 78/*:( 5 0/1=/87 1 7 29 0 9+/( 0 7 207 2 7+. /0+2*E O P' g 8/*:( = >0 /7+<* 29 0 0/1=/87 1 7 :+G288 M 8 782+7 /0+2( 7 = >0 / 0 +G/. = 8 +A/81 ' 5 (+8 M 2((*0+ 27+/ 7 = 8 / 2(+7 0 +G/7>=+<* / 7 :+ 5 . 08+7 O,P O FP O F P' 872+ 78/*:( = >0 +278+<* / 7 8 9 8 +:( 2=8 ( 782+7 1 7 2(/8 <* 532*78 ( / 7 =2 ' , , ,

,.... 12 +A12 +A12 +A12 +A 727+/727+/727+/727+/ E782E782E782E782 *8/(/;*8/(/;*8/(/;*8/(/;++++<*<*<*<* , , , ,... .. ..,.,,, 77 + 777 + 777 + 777 + 7 =27/:+(+2+8=27/:+(+2+8=27/:+(+2+8=27/:+(+2+8 7 ;2 78/7 ;27 ;27 ;2 78/78/78/...+ 7.+ 7+ 7+ 7 7+ 2(7+ 2(7+ 2(7+ 2( 2 12(25+ =27+<* 7 ( 1/5 5 =8 727+/ ( =(* A8 <* 7 0 G (3 A2 7 - * Q; 1/> 5 - ,F 2 O,# P' 1/5 5 8 9 (27+/ 5 (3277 + 7 =27+<* 7 928+2:( A/ 07+/ 5* 725 9/(*7+AM ( = *7 32;+8 53* ( 927+/ 5 G>1 =27+<* 0 G 5 =27+ 7 2 >1=7/127+<* M 53* =27+7 0 8/ +. <* 207+9 29 0 * ( 927+/ 1/5 8 12+ = 8 + 72 7 5 782 21+ 2 O, P' +; =27+<* = *9 7 7825*+8 =28 * + *AA+ 2 0 =27+<* 2+;* M * =27+7 2+;* M * 0+88 / 5 0/1= O J P' B+ *AA+ 2 0 =27+<* 2+;* B+ *AA+ 2 0 =27+<* 2+;* B+ *AA+ 2 0 =27+<* 2+;* B+ *AA+ 2 0 =27+<* 2+;* 3/: 89 7+ (( 1 7 0 G ( A2 7 M ( 25/( 0 7 /* ( 25*(7 ) * ' (( 028207 8+ =28 (3+ 72((27+/ :8*72( 53* +07 8 + 7 M 53* 2 0+7 M 53* A+ 98 7 =28A/+ 53* 0 = 2(/=27 + ' +/(/;+. <* 1 7M (3 ( 927+/ 5 782 21+ 2 8+<* 7 2:+7* (( 1 7 + A 8+ *8 - , A/+ ( 92( *8 /812( M =8 5/1+ 2 7 *8 ( "0/ 782+8 1 7 - 0 <*+ 7 /:. 89 52 ( 2*78 A/81 5B =27+7 $'

(63)

78/*:( 5 (2 082 02* =28 5+1+ *7+/ 5 A207 *8 5 0/2;*(27+/ " A. A/ 58 Z# Y$M = *9 7 + 7 8A 8 8 29 0 (2 :+/= + =27+<* O JP' 3 =27+7 2+;* 3 =27+7 2+;* 3 =27+7 2+;* 3 =27+7 2+;* = *7 1+1 8 * =27+7 9+82( M (( 12 +A 7 =28 * 2 . 7 + M * +07 8 =8/;8 +9 1 7 08/+ 2 7M * A+ 98 M 5 5/*( *8 2:5/1+ 2( M 5 287 82(;+ 7 =28A/+ 5B* =27/ =( /1 ;2(+ O P' :+(2 :+/(/;+<* 5 . 0/*98 * >= 8:+(+8*:+ 1+ 1+E7 7 * 0>7/(> ' 2 0/ E+ 7 0 5B* =27+7 9+82( " 6 6 '''$ = *7 5 0( 0 8 * =27+7 A*(1+ 2 7 ' 2 0+88 / =27+<* 2 0+88 / =27+<* 2 0+88 / =27+<* 2 0+88 / =27+<* 0/ 7+7* - * 725 78 =8 0/0 5 (2 12(25+ M (( = *7 8 7 8 (/ ;7 1= 0/1= 0/11 (( = *7 5 0/1= 8 =28 (32==28+7+/ 53* 5 0/1=(+027+/ 0(2 +<* 6 * 2 0+7 M * 0+80*(27+/ 0/((27 82( 2:5/. 1+ 2( 7 * >= 87 +/ =/872( 0/1=(+<* 5 928+0 / /= 2;+ M 5 / . 5 1 5 1 1:8 + A 8+ *8 M 5 =( /1 ;2(+ 7 5B =27/1 ;2(+ ' 72:( 2* 5 0+88 / 5 0/1= 7 ( 1/5 5 8 9 (27+/ 5 (2 12(25+ 0 G ( *) 7 ) *. ' 3+ 0+5 0 5 0280+ /1 =27/0 ((*(2+8 7 =(* A2+:( 52 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / <* 52 ( 2*78 7+/(/;+ 5 0+88 / O,,JP O, FP' /* ( ) * =27+ 7 <*+ =8 7 7 * 277 + 7 =27+<* 0 8/ +<* + E=(+<* 29 0 /* 2 0+88 / 5 982+ 7 U78 5 =+ 7 =/*8 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / ' 2 ( 2 ( 2 ( 2 (+7 +2+7 +2+7 +2+7 +2 :+(+2+8:+(+2+8:+(+2+8:+(+2+8 4444 2 0+88 / =27+<* 7 (3 1/(> 1:( 7 U78 * 72. :( 2* 7>=+<* =/*8 (2 A/8127+/ 5 02(0*( 5 9/+ :+(+2+8 O # P' 02(0*( / 7 5 028207 8+ 7+<* =287+0*(+ 8 6 532==28 0 * +A/81 M 5 0/*( *8 9 87 A/ 0 7 # Y 5 ( *8 0/1=/ +7+/ 7/72( A2+7 5 0 /( 7 8/(' 2 (+7 +2 :+(+2+8 82+7 8 =/ 2:( 5 5/*( *8 2:5/1+ 2( =8 7 =28 ( A2 7 7 +( A2*7 A2+8 > 7 127+<* 1 7 (3 0 /;82= + - (2 8 0 80 5 (+7 +2 '

(64)

78/*:( ;2 78/.+ 7 7+ 2*E 27>=+<* = *9 7 U78 =8 7 6 5 2* M 5 9/1+ 1 7 M 5/*( *8 7 5+ 7 +/ 2:5/1+ 2( M * 2 /8 E+ 7 * 12(2+ O P' , , , ,.... .... 77 + 777 + 777 + 777 + 7 127/(/;+<*127/(/;+<*127/(/;+<*127/(/;+<* 4444 32 1+ 1/(>7+<* M (2 7 8/1:/= + M (2 ( *0/. *78/= + 7 ( 78/*:( 5 (2 082 / 7 ( 2 /12(+ <*+ 7/*0 7 ( ( 1 7 A+;*8 5* 2 ; 2* 0/*8 5 (2 12(25+ 5 ! +( / ' 32 1+ 1/(>7+<* 2==282N7 ( =(* /*9 7 0 G 5 *) 7 5 1/+ 5 # 2 - (3/002 +/ 53* 5 0/1= 27+/ =27+<* 2+;* 9 8 M (3 1/(> 7 (+ -(3+ +:+7+/ 5 G>1 8>7 8/0>72+8 7 - * ;82 5 <*2 7+7 5 0*+98 (+: 8 :8*72( 1 7 - (2 *+7 5 08/ 5 =27/0>7 M 0 <*+ + 5*+7 * 2 1+ 1/. (>7+<* 2+;*h - 7 7 5 //1: ;27+A 52 J Y 5 02 7 (32==28+7+/ 53* +07 8 -:+(*8+:+ / 0/ )*;* O JP' 2 ;27+9+7 5 7 7 5 //1: 5/ 7 (2 +:+(+7 7 9/+ + 5 # YM = 81 7 53 (+1+ 8 * 1/(> 2*7/.+11* 7 53+ 72*8 8 - 7/87 * 0/87+0/7 82=+ ' 32 2(> 5* A8/77+ 2 ;*+ <*+ = *7 1/ 78 8 (2 =8 0 5 0/8= 5 + G O #PM /* 0/8 5 =/ 07*27+/ :2 /= +( M = 81 7 292 7 7/*7 5 32 *8 8M 0/1=7 7 * 5 (2 7 8/1:/= + A8 <* 11 7 2 /0+ M 5 (32: 0 5 0 +G/0>7 /* 0/8 5 =282 +7 + 782. 8>7 8/0>72+8 ' 32 1+ 32;;829 02 53 1/882;+ 5+; 7+9 =28 8*=7*8 5 928+0 / /= 2;+ ' 3 AA 7 /E>527+A 5* 0*+98 0+80*(2 7 7 8 =/ 2:( 53* 7 8/1:/= + 7 5B* ( *0/ *78/= + 0/11 (( = *9 7 U78 /: 89 02 53 >= 8 =( + 1 (+ - (3 >= 87 +/ =/872( '

(65)

, , , ,.... ...F.FFF 3277 + 7 /0*(2+83277 + 7 /0*(2+83277 + 7 /0*(2+83277 + 7 /0*(2+8 (( 028207 8+ =28 (2 =8 0 53* 2 2* 0/8 5 0/*( *8 :8* 5/8 /* 9 87 M /11 (B2 2* 5 C2> 8 V ( + 0 8M (/02(+ - (2 = 8+= 8+ 5 (2 0/8 M 2 (28; *8 928+ 78 , 7 F 11 "A+;' , M,#$' ( /00*= ( =R( *= 8+ *8 =*+ ( =R( + A 8+ *8 7 3 7 5 - 7/*7 (2 0+80/ A 8 0 M +( 8 A( 7 (2 *80 28; 0*+98 5 (2 A20 =/ 7 8+ *8 5 (2 1 1:82 5 0 1 7 O ,,P' 7 2 2* 7 5 7 072:( -(3\ +( * 7 =28A/+ = *7 U78 /:) 07+9 <*3- (2 (21= - A 7 ' ; 82( :+(27 82(M +( = *7 U78 E0 =7+/ (( 1 7 * +(27 82(' ( 7 =8 <* 7/*)/*8 =8 7 52 ( A/81 *8/(/;+<* ' ( 7 * ( . 1 7 A/ 521 72( 2* 5+2; / 7+0 O, P 1U1 3+( 7 /: 89 2* 0/*8 53 =27 /=27 + 0 /( 727+<* =8/(/ ; / ! +( / + 6 7 (( <* (2 0+88 / :+(+2+8 =8+1+7+9 M (B =27+7 0 8/ +<* 207+9 M (2 0 /( 72 0 8/ +<* + 782 /* E782 =27+<* 7 (2 0+88 / 08>=7/; +<* ' 2 =8 0 5 (B2 2* 0/8 32 =2 5 0/88 (27+/ 29 0 (2 0*=8*8+ 12+ (( 7 0/88 ( 29 0 (2 9 8+7 5 (2 12(25+ ' =8 782+7 1 7M +( = *7 8 ;8 8 =8/;8 +9 1 7 + 9 8 5 2 A/8127+/ M 7/72( 1 7 /* =287+ (( 1 7' 2+ +( = *7 )212+ 5+ =282N78 M 7 / 9/(*7+/ 7 + 5 = 52 7 5 (B AA+020+7 5* 782+7 1 7 O,,JP' 7+78 E0 =7+/ (M * 02728207 7/*8 /( 7 5 08+7 ",J Y 5 02 $M ( B2;+7 5B* 5+ <* ;8+ /* :8* <*+ + ; 2* 0 78 5* 08+ 72((+ M 5B/^ =287 7 5 5 . =R7 825+2+8 8 1:(2 7 2*E = 72( 5B* 7/*8 /( "A+;',I$ + /* :+(27 82(M ;U 2 7 =2 (2 9+ +/ ( =(* /*9 7' 77 02728207 8 ;8 M 5 A2[/ =(* 8 ;*. (+ 8 2=8 ( 782+7 1 7 O,,JP'

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a

b

Figure 15 : localisation de l'anneau de kayser-fleischer (a : vue face, b : vue profil)[302]

+;*8 , 4 (3 E21 - (2 (21= - A 7

/ 78 * 2 2* 5 C2> 8.A( + 0 8M 0(2+8 1 7 9* 0/ 78 (B+8+ 9 87 0(2+8' OFP

(67)

, , , ,.... .... 77 + 7 877 + 7 877 + 7 877 + 7 8 2(2(2(2( 3277 + 7 8 2( 7 <*2 +1 7 0/ 72 7 12+ 8 7 ( =(* /*9 7 (27 7 ' 12 +A 727+/ 8 2( / 7 /*9 7 (+ - 5 ( +/ 7*:*(2+8 =8/E+12( 7 828 1 7 - * 277 + 7 ;(/1 8*(2+8 O P' 3277 + 7 7*:*(2+8 ; 58 * 5 A2*7 5 8 2: /8=7+/ 7*:*(2+8 =28 277 + 7 =8/E+12( 29 0 4 c >= 821+ /0+5*8+ ' c D(*0/ *8+ + 7 81+77 7 M A8*07/ *8+ ' c 8+0/ *8+ ' c >= 802(0+*8+ 7 = 8/02(0+ / ' c >= 8= / = 27*8+ ' 3 1:( 5 0 = 87*8:27+/ 1 72:/(+<* = *7 /002 +/ 8 5 +7 +2 8 2. ( >1=7/127+<* /* / ' %* (<* 02 5 > 58/1 5 2 0/ + *8 277 + 7 7*:*(2+8 =8/E+12( / 7 7 5 08+7 ' 20+5/ 7*:*(2+8 =28 277 + 7 5+ 72( 7 8 78/*9 828 1 7 5 1U1 <*3* + *AA+ 2 0 8 2( ' 3277 + 7 ;(/1 8*(2+8 0/ + 7 - * 5+1+ *7+/ 5 (2 A+(7827+/ ;(/1 8*(2+8 7 5* A(*E 2 ;*+ O, P' (( 12 +A 7 =28 * =8/7 + *8+ 6 *87/*7 2(:*1+ *. 8+ M * 127*8+ + 7 81+77 7 M 8 0+5+92 7 <*+ = *7 U78 * >1=7R1 + 2*;*82( 5 (2 12(25+ ' > 58/1 =27/8 2( 29 0 A/ 07+/ 7*:*(2+8 /812( 0/1=(+<* ; 82. ( 1 7 (3+ *AA+ 2 0 =27+<* 7 +( 0/ 9+ 7 53> 9+7 8 ( 5+*8 7+<* ' ;(/1 8*(/ = 8+7 29 0 > 58/1 = 8/7+<* - 0/1=( E +11* /* -; 7 2* + 5 08+7 O,,JP'

(68)

, , , ,.... ...#.### 77 + 777 + 777 + 777 + 7 / 7 // 7 / ./ 7 // 7 /... 287+0*(2+8287+0*(2+8287+0*(2+8287+0*(2+8 (( / 7 =2 E0 =7+/ (( M / 7 *87/*7 A8 <* 7 52 ( =/=*(2. 7+/ 2 +27+<* 29 0 * =8 5+( 07+/ 52 0 872+ A21+(( ' 3277 + 7 / 7 /.287+0*(2+8 7 =(*8+A207/8+ (( 4 c 28 AA 7 7/E+<* 5+8 07 5* 0*+98 *8 ( 0287+(2; M *8 (2 7821 / * 7 =28 5 . =R7 5 0*+98 + 782 > /9+2( O ,P' c 28 (320+5/ 7*:*(2+8 8 2( M A*+7 8 2( 5 = / = /8 7 5 02(0+*1M 0 77 27. 7 + 7 8 2( 7 8 =/ 2:( 53* 5 1+ 82(+ 27+/ / * ' c 28 (3+ *AA+ 2 0 =27+<* <*+ 2:/*7+7 - * / 7 /287 8/=27 + >= 878/= +<* 5/*(/*8 * 5 =/+; 7 7 5 0 9+(( O,,JP' * +9 2* / *EM / 0/ 727 5 / 7 /=27 + (+ - (2 5 1+ 82(+ 27+/ M A2+7 53/ 7 /=/8/ =8 0/0 <*+ 82+7 /: 892:( 0 G Y 5 12(25 M * / . 7 /12(20+ M * / 7 /5> 78/= + M 5 A8207*8 =/ 72 M <* (<* 02 53/ 7 /0 / 58+7 5+ <*2 7 / 7 7 82==/87 O ,P' * +9 2* 287+0*(2+8 M 7/*7 ( 287+0*(27+/ = *9 7 U78 277 + 7 M / 0/ . 727 5 82+5 *8 7 5 8 78+07+/ 287+0*(2+8 *87/*7 5 2 0 7 5 ; /*E 5 1U1 <*3* >= 8(2E+7 287+0*(2+8 ' 02 53287 8+7 8 0*88 7 / 7 7 5 . 08+7 =(*7R7 0 G (3 A2 7' +AA 8 7 2 /12(+ 825+/(/;+<* 8 78/*9 O,,JP 4 c / 5 27+/ A(/* 7 +88 ;*(+ 8 /* 0 / 582( ' c 2(0+A+027+/ =282.287+0*(2+8 2*E =/+ 7 53+ 87+/ 02= *(/.(+;21 72+8 ' c +/ - 7>= 53 0/0 7 5 8/ +/ =+= > 2+8 ' c +/ 5+ 0/9 87 :82( 7 / 7 /0 / 58/ 9 87 :82( E=(+<* 7 ( 5/*( *8 (/1:2+8 ' 0 / 58/02(0+ / 5 ; /*E 7 0 / 58/12(20+ 8/7*(+ / 7 1 7+/ '

(69)

, , , ,.... ...I.III 77 + 777 + 777 + 777 + 7 5/08+ +5/08+ +5/08+ +5/08+ + = 87*8:27+/ 5/08+ + / 7 (+ - (2 7/E+0+7 5* 0*+98 7 *82)/*. 7 5 78/*:( + 5*+7 =28 (3+ *AA+ 2 0 =27+<* O, P' > 1 /88 > 1 /88 > 1 /88 > 1 /88 4 1 /88 =8+12+8 /* 0/ 52+8 7 82==/87 0 G # Y 5 A 11 M =28 5> A/ 07+/ /928+ ' 72*E 53/ 78/; 7 A2+:( 82+ / 5 A2+:( 0/ 0 7827+/ 5 M 7 /* 5 (3+ *AA+ 2 0 5 =8/5*07+/ 53\ 78/; O I P' 3\ 78/; 7 0 2+8 =/*8 12+ 7 +8 (2 1+7/ 5 0 ((*( 5 ;82 *(/ 2 7 (2 7 0 2+8 =/*8 (328/1272 A/((+0*(2+8 M 8 92 0 (3+ 7/E+027+/ 0*=8+<* + 7 8A 8 29 0 (3207+9+7 5 (328/1272 A/((+0*(2+8 0 0+ E=(+<* 82+7 ( 78/*:( 5 (3/9*(27+/ 7 =28A/+ 5 29/87 1 7 =/ 72 O, P' 7 03 7 =280 <* ( 782+7 1 7 7 02=2:( 53+ 9 8 8 0 78/*:( ( 5+2; / 7+0 =8 . 0/0 7 +1=/872 7' >= 8=2827 >8/_5+ 7 0/ 52+8 2* 5 =R7 0*=8+<* O, P' 7/( 82 0 2* ;(*0/ = *7 2==282N78 8 (27+/ 29 0 =2 08 27/=27 + ' 8 7285 =*: 872+8 7 5 08+7 0 G (325/( 0 7' , , , ,... .. ..J.JJJ 77 + 777 + 777 + 777 + 7 0285+/92 0*(2+80285+/92 0*(2+80285+/92 0*(2+80285+/92 0*(2+8 2 =8 0 5 0*+98 - 5 5/ 2; ( 9 2* +9 2* 5* 0\ *8M *87/*7 52 ( A2+ 0 2* 5 + M 782N 5 78/*:( 5 (2 0/ 5*07+/ M * 0285+/1>/=27 + 0/ . ; 7+9 29 0 1>/0285+7 7 A+:8/ + 7 8 7+7+ (( O,##PM 5+AA 8 7 7>= 5328>7 1+

/7211 7 (2 A+:8+((27+/ 9 78+0*(2+8 <*+ 8 7 (2 02* 7+ (( 5 1/87 0285+2. <* *:+7 O,,JP'

8 78/*9 5 2 /12(+ ( 078/0285+/;82= +<* *+92 7 O,##P 4 . >= 878/= + 9 78+0*(2+8 58/+7 /* ;2*0 /* ;(/:2( '

(70)

. =/(28+ 27+/ =8 0/0 ' . /* 5 02(2; ' . 9 8 +/ 5 / 5 ' . E782 > 7/( =8 127*8 2*8+0*(2+8 /* 9 78+0*(2+8 ' . +:8+((27+/ 278+2( ' . (/0 + / 278+2(' . (/0 2*8+0*(/.9 78+0*(2+8 7>= /:+7G ' 3277 + 7 5 > 7 1 89 *E 2*7/ /1 O PM =28 200*1*(27+/ 5 0*+98 2* +9 2* 5* 78/ 0 0 8 :82(M E=/ ( 12(25 - =8 7 8 * >=/7 +/ /87 / 72. 7+<* 5 1U1 <*3* 8 =/ 2 /812( - (2 12 \ *98 5 92( 2(92 O P' 3277 + 7 0285+2<* *89+ 7 0 G ( 12(25 ! +( / + 2 =8 5/1+ 2 0 5 E 7 0 G 5 *) 7 5 5+AA 8 7 Q; OF#P' , , , ,... .. ... 77 + 777 + 777 + 777 + 7 5 (2 = 2* 7 55 (2 = 2* 7 55 (2 = 2* 7 55 (2 = 2* 7 5 = 2= 2= 2= 2 8888 78/*:( 5 (2 =+;1 727+/ 0*72 = *9 7 U78 128<* 12+ / 7 728. 5+A M / /7 (2 =8 0 5B* >= 8=+;1 727+/ :8* Q78 <*+ 8 = 07 ( 1*. <* * 7 =8 5/1+ 2* 5/ 5 =+ 5 7 (2 A20 2 7 8+ *8 5 )21: M (+ - * 5 =R7 5 1 (2 + ( (/ ; 5 (2 )/ 07+/ 5 81/ =+5 81+<* ' (* *( 2G*8 *8 ( / ;( / 7 5 08+7 0/11 <*+92( 7 5 (B2 2* 0/8 12+ / 7 828+ +1 7 / = 0+A+<* O,IP' , , , ,.... .... 77 + 7 +11* /(/;+<*77 + 7 +11* /(/;+<*77 + 7 +11* /(/;+<*77 + 7 +11* /(/;+<* B2 /0+27+/ - * =27+7 2*7/.+11* 7 0/ * ' 2 /0+27+/ - * 5 8. 127/1>/ +7 M * 1>2 7 + M * (*=* M * 0( 8/5 81+ /* * > 58/1 5 D//5 =2 7*8 M * 028 0 +11* /;(/:*(+ " ;$ 7 =(*7R7 82==/87 29 0 (2 = +. 0+((21+ O,,JP'

(71)

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