L'entreprise à l'épreuve des facteurs humain et organisationnel : la pratique de l'analyse d'accident au service de la sécurité à GrDF

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Submitted on 10 Oct 2013

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organisationnel : la pratique de l’analyse d’accident au

service de la sécurité à GrDF

Guillaume Desmorat

To cite this version:

Guillaume Desmorat. L’entreprise à l’épreuve des facteurs humain et organisationnel : la pratique de l’analyse d’accident au service de la sécurité à GrDF. Gestion et management. Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. Français. �NNT : 2012ENMP0098�. �pastel-00871806�

MINES ParisTech

Centre de Recherche sur les risques et les Crises

présentée et soutenue publiquement par

Guillaume DESMORAT

le 27 avril 2012

L’entreprise à l’épreuve des facteurs humain et organisationnel

:

la pratique de l’analyse d’accident au service de la sécurité à GrDF

1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Doctorat ParisTech

T H È S E

pour obtenir le grade de docteur délivré par

l’École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris

Spécialité “Sciences et Génie des Activités à Risques ”

1

Directeur de thèse : Franck Guarnieri1

Jury

M. Benoît JOURNE, Professeur à l’Université de Nantes Rapporteur

M. Gilbert de TERSSAC, Directeur de recherche au CNRS, UMR 5044 – CERTOP Rapporteur

M. Christophe MARTIN, Directeur des études, ISP Fénelon Examinateur

M. Olivier RIEUX, Chargé de projet et d’expertise, Direction Technique et Industrielle, GrDF Examinateur

M. Franck GUARNIERI, Directeur, CRC, Mines Paris Tech Directeur de thèse

Ecole doctorale n° 432 : Sciences et Métiers de l’Ingénieur

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Approche analytique Approche systémique

Isole : se concentre sur les éléments Relie : se concentre sur les interactions entre les éléments

Considère la nature des interactions Considère les effets des interactions S’appuie sur la précision des détails S’appuie sur la perception globale Modifie une variable à la fois Modifie les groupes de variable

simultanément Indépendante de la durée : les

phénomènes considérés sont réversibles

Intègre les notions de durée et de réversibilité

Validation des faits par la preuve

expérimentale dans le cadre d’une théorie

Validation des faits par comparaison du fonctionnement du modèle avec la réalité Modèles précis et détaillés mais

difficilement utilisables dans l’action

Modèle insuffisamment rigoureux pour servir de base aux connaissances mais utilisables dans la décision de l’action

Approche efficace lorsque les interactions sont linéaires et faibles

Approche efficace lorsque les interactions sont non linéaires et fortes

Conduit à un enseignement par discipline Conduit à un enseignement pluridisciplinaire Conduit à une action programmée dans

son détail

Conduit à une action par objectifs Connaissance des détails, buts mal

définis

Connaissance des buts, détails flous

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1

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