Le geste devient parole chez les élèves en difficulté

HAL Id: dumas-00742708

https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-00742708

Submitted on 18 Oct 2012

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access

archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Le geste devient parole chez les élèves en difficulté

Céline Vanhove Lion

To cite this version:

Céline Vanhove Lion. Le geste devient parole chez les élèves en difficulté. Education. 2012. �dumas-00742708�

12345678731559

3ABCD2ED4B7F7A695336247537BCE537

2B57888

351534657

DD4D24D77E2765C56C5

1213456

17547A6B1757EB4D247725ED7C5ED5 3D4575796124D772E5CD553 35C4D76A57 D!"#"$%&7'$7(&)#!*#+,7',7+,-.,+-.,7726437D35E3 D!"#"$%&7'$7($/,"7',7)&)0#+,777E,71,(",7',2#,!"73*+0%,7-.,47%,(7&%52,(7,!7'#66#-$%"&(7 0)7,"73+&!0)7'$7'#+,-",$+7',7)&)0#+,77 67 ,!/*)#! 123456278 789ABCDAEFAFDAFD A99 989ACFAD !A " #A$A7A%A&A8A

'("A$A7A%A&A8A)A DD*C*F*ACEDC*(CEAA9+E,(*C+ADA1(-*ED

1232145232678

9A B CADEF B  B AAFA B A B CFFADDA B  B 8288 B 8AFA B  2ECFDB 8!FEABACBAB8FDBBFFA"BAB8EFDCBEDBAB2E#BBABDAFBDD!BBAB DBADCACFAD$

9A B EF B AAFA B EAFAA B %!&DA B CF'( B ADAF)DEDCA B  B  532 B 5DCFCCB 3!FB2ECF'"BAB8EFDCBEDBAB2E#BBABCABE!BBAB*ACFD$

9ABAAFABEB)ABEFABACB ADAF)DEDCABAB4+58B4EAB 5DFDB 8EFA"BAB !AB3EAB4E,BAB-FA#.4D!B*FB EBEAFFBBABABCE)ABACB AFABABACCABADBEABAB!EDAB ECBFA$

2CBAD'FD BD B)ED BAFBB 3DFA B /(B D B FACA BAB3!FABBAB !FA#BDAFBACBABCABE!BBEB!EFECFDBABAB!FA$

8EFA

5DCCFD

0

1AF&AB1ECFAB2

+EB!'FFADABFDCAACAAB2BDB,CEABE#BEADCFE)A

3

A#F&AB1ECFAB2

+ !CFDB)F*ABBAFDB AD'EDC

44

7FF&AB1ECFAB2

+ABECBFAB2BDABCFECFDBBAB!&ABADBF''FC!

45

4DFD

66

8F)A

67

/F,F)EFA

BBBBBBBBBB68

DDA#A

BBBBBBBBB

63

B

2

56719:47596

B

BBBB2BB

+A B AFD B A B  AD'EDC B E B 'EFC B  ,;AC B  FDD,E,A B AAA B AC B ,FECFD$B + FDC!<C B C! B E# B AFD B A B AD'EDC B AC B AECFAADC B !ADC$ B 2D B 4=>7( B 8 B +AFDCAFDB ?FDA@AFD)AD"B))&AB*ABABAFDBAEFCBDBABA#AF'BAB AD'EDCBACBADB4=46(B AA)AB1E(BED B1231456462367489ABC23D92EB 1F2545(BDDABEBAFDB AD'EDCBDAB 'DCFDBABED)E)A(BFDFCFEDCBAB!AAADCBABD,AABAAABEDBABEFDA$B 8ADB1FFABBEDBEDB232A53231F2545B2BCBABAFDB AD'EDCBEEEDCBEBADCB EB AD'EDCBEFADCBBA'AABEBEFDBBDB,;ACBACBBEB!EABEDBDBEDBF$

2DB4=63(BEEDCBDBFABBABAFDBABAD'EDCB2 B1232A532545A5 3ABAA)A. %ADFB+*AC$B5BEEFCBAE*!BABAFDBABEBAB'FA(BACBEBEDF&ABDCBFBA B CED'EFADCB E B B  B !AAADCB AB  AD'EDC$ B 5B ACB  D B AB AFAB B EFB ,A!BACBEDE!B !CFDBBAFDBA@B AD'EDC$B8EB!CABEBAFBABADCFCAB  !CFDB)EF*ABAB AD'EDCBACB ADB!)E)ABFABEAB2

. +EBAF&ABEABABFCABAB6BEDB2B AD'EDCBEBDABCFDB)EF*AB DCED!A(BFBCEABABF)DABEFBDABACBEBADABABF)DABADBECB EABAB,;AC$

. +EBA#F&ABEABACBAAB DABFDCADCFDBA!ADCECFABEFB AD'EDCBD EB EB ECFCABBAB'EFA$B+*ACBEABAB!EFABED*!$

. +E B CFF&A B EA B AC B AA B  B !EFA B FDCAACAB2 B  AD'EDC B FA B B A!ADCABCCBAB* FBEFCBAB ,;AC(BABCEFCBAGBBDD$

. +EBADF&ABEABACBAABB!EFABFAB2B AD'EDCBEADBB'F)ABAB * FBFC$

B+ABAFDBAACBBABADFAB A#FABAB* FBDABACBA#FABECAADC$B5BEB ABAB'EFCBADCB!C!BCFF!BEBAB!E))ABBEDEABABADCFADCBABAD'EDC$B5B ACBEFB*ABABAFDBEEEDCBABDBFDCADCBABDFECFDBEB<ABCFCAB*AB ABED)E)A$B+ AD'EDCB CFFABABDBED)E)A(BFBA#FABEDBEDBABABAFDBAB

* FBAADCBBDBADCBDD!BABEBFABACBEDBABDFCFDBECFF&A(B'EFFEAB BCAADCEA$B+ABAFDBACBFDFADE,ABB AD'EDCBCEDCB* FBDABEDCFABEBAB ECABADBABDFECFDBDCEADCBABED)E)A$

2D B CEDC B * EFCEDCA B  !ECFD B ED B DA B 4+58 B 4EA B  FDFD B EFA"(B ; ABDABEABFF!)F!ABDCEADCBB ,AECFDBAB!&A$B+EB4+58(B!!BADB 4==4(BACBDABEA.FFCF'B!ABB EAFBB !ABFEFAB !&ABADBFCECFDB ABEDFE(B*FBD!AFCADCBDABEFECFDBEEC!ABADBFFABFCBCBFDEFABF$4

5BA#FCAB*ECABCABAB4+58B2

. +EB4+58B4B!&ABDCBEBFCECFDBABEDFE B&ABABC,ABAB 'DCFD B )DFCFA B  B ADCEA$ B 2D B 'DC B ECFA B A B C,A B ADEFEDC B B !AAADCBEFDFB*ABABC,AB!F'F*ABBED)E)ABACBABEBEA"BH

. +EB4+58B6B!&ABADBFCECFDBABEDFEBEFCF'BEABBEDBC,AB EF!"BH

. +EB 4+58B0B !&ABADB FCECFDB ABEDFE BFABEABB EDB C,AB EF!"BH

. +EB 4+58BIB !&ABADB FCECFDB ABEDFE BCA BDCB'DCBECFAB AB C,A B E#F*A" B  B A B F.EDFE( B EA B  B ED B C,AB EF!"$B

+ ,;ACF'BABABEABACBABAACCABBAB!&ABEDFE!BACBA#FAADCB EDFE! B F*A( B ADFA B  B ADCE# B A B FA B CCEAADC B  B ECFAAADC B DB BABEFC!BFDEFABEDBDB!CE,FAADCBFDEFA$B+ ADAF)DEDCB EFABBAB )EABABAB4(B6BACB0BAB !ABFEFABEDBA*ABFBFABAB,;ACF'BB FABBE*AB!&ABDADEDCBABEADCFE)A$B+EBEFECFDBAB !&ABAB4+58B AC B !E,!A B E B  !*FA B FFFFDEFA B A B E B 31% B 3EFD B !ECAADCEA B AB 1ADDAB%EDFE!A"(BDCF'F!ABEBEB4B4FFDBABFCBACBAB CDFAB AB1ADDABEDFE!"B ACB FAB ADB JABADB !*FABAB FFB AB EFECFD B288"B A)EDCBCBABECADEFAB)EFCEDCBECBAB !&AB2BADAF)DEDCB!'!ADC(BEADC(B

ADAF)DEDC( B C!EACA$B +A B EADC B B A!ADCEDC B !)E# B AB EB ADDAB EDFE!B ACADCBABABB!FABABEBEFC!BABAD'EDC$B

49ABCEEFABEDBDAB4+58B4BACBB DAB!EDABABAFDBF,ABAB!&AB DCB AFBABCEE#$B9 EFB!C!BFDCAA!ABEBACEFDBAFDBDCEADCBAFB DB!&ABK)!B AB5BEDB'$BEDDA#AB4"$B5BBEEFCBBEB'FBDB!EE)ABADCABABAFDBAB!&ABABEB EABEFBEFBEABA#B !&ABEF!BEDBDABEABFCABCBDEABF$BEDBACCAB EA( B  !CFD B )EF*A B AC B FFC!A B EF B ,AE B  !&A B DA B EDCFADC B EB ACAADCBABED)E)ABACB ACBEBCEABABABAFDB* FBEADEFADCBABFA#BB  A#FA$B4ACCABEDD!A(B A''ACF'BABEBEABACB!FC(BA#B!&ABDCBFDC!)!BBCAB AFDBEDBDABEABAB434BACB426$B4AEBABAACBDB EABBABCABB E*AB!&A$

4ACEFDB!&AB!ADCADCBABEC)FAB*FBA&ADCBAB+ 532B5DCFCCB3!FB 2ECF'"BAADEDCBABEADCBA'ADCB*ABABAD'EDCBFDC&)ABABFDCFCCBEBAEBAEFCB EACCABABEDFE$B+EBFBEABAB'!FAB6>>7BA BDDABEFDBEF B ADAF)DEDCB D ACBEBC;B'!BBEFABABAD'EDC(BFBCEEFABDCEADCBABEADCFE)AB 'DEADCE#BABABEC!ECF*ABACBAB'EDGEF$B+ABECBFABDAB,FADCBEBDB EADCFE)ABEEC!$B4AADEDCBACEFDB!&ABA&ADCBA''ACFAADCB DB!CE,FAADCB !FEF! B EF B A B EADC B A'EDC B A B FDC!)ECFD( B A B !&A B A B ACADC B ED B DAB EA B !FEA B A)EDC B A B !&A B EEDC B A B F''FC! B F''!ADCA$ B  B 'EFC B A B ACCAB !C!)!D!FC! B A B 'DCFDDAADC( B  ADAF)DEDC B DA B AC B ECA B  B C B  EFAB ''FEDCA$B9BDBEDB* EABACEFDABEC)FA(BFBACBF''FFAB EFBDABEAB FADCF*ABBC$

B  B  B A B A B AAA( B DCEADC B E B A B ADDCA B EA B AB CFFADDABB8288B8AFAB 2ECFDB8!FEABACBAB8FDBBFFA"BAB 8EFDCBEDBAB2E#(BFB ACBE!!B*ABB AD'EDCB!ADCEDCBDAB!'FFADABFDCAACAAB EABEBF''!ADCABEABEDB E*FFCFDB DBEADCFE)A$B5BFCBFABEBFCECFDB BADFCABEBAAFBACBAD'FDB FDC!)!A$B1B BE'DFBAB;AC(B; EFBBDBACEFDB D,AB E)A$B4AB;AB EFB!;B!*!B!!AADC(BABCEE#BA''AC!BBAB

AFDB AD'EDCBDCBFDD,E,ABDCEADCBBEBF)DF'FECFDBBAFDBAB AD'EDCBACB ABF''!ADCABEDEAB*AB DBACBA$B4 ACBBECFBB8AFAB4DBABEB ADCECFD B 84" B A B  DFAFC! B  CF B *A B ; EF B ADCAF B A B AAAB ,F,F)EF*A$B9 EFBEBEBFCABCFF!BEB,F,F)EFABFC!ABBEB'FDBABE*ABFA$B

4AADEDC(B; EFBADDC!BABF''FC!BEB;ACBABECBFABACBAB!&ABADB F''FC!$ B 5 B A#FCADC B C& B A B  E)A B !*EDC B A B EC B FA B AC B A B !'FFADCB FDCAACA$B1BEBEC(B; EFBCFF!BABE)ABCFF!BEBABCFFADDA$BAB (B;ABABFBADABB 532BAB8EFDCBEDBAB2E#BBADDCABABADAF)DEDCAB ABAB EBDAF!BEB)ABEFABAB !CE,FAADCBEDBA*AB;ABCEEFA$B

B

+ABECBFABACBDCEADCBABAFDBAACCEFCB E,ABABED)E)ABADCABECA$B 5 B CFAEFADC B A B !&A B !ADCEDC B A B F''FC! B DCEADC B DA B !'FFADAB FDCAACAABAADEDCB !C!)!D!FC!BABF''FC!BDABAACBEBABABE,A$BAB (BABECBFAB!CEDCBABCEEF!BADB4+58(BAB!&ABDABAB'EFFEFADCBEBEABEB CABECFCF*A$

9ABABFBDBFDCA)!ABBABFADB* ADCACFADDADCBAB)ACABACBEBEABA@B AB!&ABADBF''FC!$B9 EFBCEEF!BB C&AB*ABABECBFABCFEFADCBAB AD'EDCB!ADCEDCBAB'DCFDDAADCB)DFCF'$B4 ACB*FBDB!*ADBEDB DAB AF&A B ECFA B E B !'FFADAB FDCAACAA( B D B AD B EFB ED B ACCA B ECFAB AB *AA B EDF&A B E B !'FFADA B FDCAACAA B DCFCA B D B ,CEA B E# B EADCFE)AB EFA$B1FBEDBDABA#F&ABECFABDB!CFADB !CFDBABF''!ADCBCACBACB ;AB ECCEAEFBBABCACBB,DABABLADABAAD)B*FBCFFABABAFDBB D'FA B D B FE)DCF$ B 2D'FD B ED B DA B CFF&A B ECFA( B ;A B  A''AEF B A B DCAB ADCB; EFBCFF!BABECBFABBCFABAB!&ABEEDCBAB'DCFDDAADCB )DFCF'$

89

+EB!'FFADABFDCAACAAB2BDB,CEABE#BEADCFE)A

AB

BBB

+EB!'FFADABFDCAACAAB2

+ 938 B 9)EDFECFD B DFEAB A B EB EDC!" B !'FDFC B A B ACE B FDCAACAB AB DBCBE<CBB!AAADCBADCEBBDB!AAADCBADCEBFDAC(BEEC!F!B EBDABFD''FEDABAB'EC!BACBBDFAEB),EB FDCAF)ADA(BDCEADCBEBDFAEB AB'DCFDB)DFCFA(BBED)E)A(BABEBCFFC!BACBABA'EDABFEABF$B+EB !'FFADA B FDCAACAA B A B !'FDFC B D B A B DA B FFDCFD B  B 'DCFDDAADC B AB  FDFFB DCEADCB EDBA# BEFDAB2B  FDCAF)ADABACBABCAADCB EECECF'$B 8ADBABCAB1EDDACFAB1

(BABCAABFDCAF)ADABA!ADCABCBEB'EC!BABADABACB A B EFF B E B E B AD!A B A B DA B AC B A B DAC B *F B D B ADCADC B A B <A B *A B AB 'DCFDBADCEAB*FBAACCADCBACCABDDEFEDABF$B+ABCAADCBEECECF'(B*EDCB B F(B 'EFCB!'!ADAB B  ADA,AB AB !ECFDB 'EAB EB FFABFDFF BADFDDEDCB *FB  ADCA$

+A B ACE B ADCE B AC B 'F#! B E B E B AA B  B *CFADC B FDCAACA B D!ADCB EA!BM5$B5B E)FCB2BCB DABAABABEEFDBABA'EDAB DB;ACB'EABB DAB!AABECFF&A(BEDBDABFCECFDBCEDEF!A(BE#BA'EDABADDABAB ;ACBB<ABK)ABEDBDABFCECFDBFADCF*ABF$B9DBDABACBEB*EDCF'FABDFBAAB  FDCAF)ADABAADEDCB FDFF(BAFBEBDEFEDA(BB!AABAB!CADA(BAB E*FFCFDBACB ACBABABABABE*FFCFDB!;B!EF!AB*FBADCB!E!ABEB ADCBBCAC$ +AB*CFADCBFDCAACABD ACBEBDABEABE,ABF*ABAF.FBACBEFA$B2DB A''AC(BFB'ECB E,B EAB*AB AD'EDCBB ECAB,FEDCBABCACBDAB''ADCBEB AB,&ABEDCBDFABBEB,DDAB!EFECFDBABF''!ADCAB!AA$B4ABCACBDCB !EF!BEDBABDFCFDBECFF&AB*FBAADCBAC,AB AD'EDC$B2D'FD(BABCACB !ADADCBEFBABEBE,ECFDBB;ACBCAC!$

1CADDEF8E4E42123456785696A945BC67D59EF98BDD6769D7A6EE6A6EE644E4 !"9

+EB!'FFADABFDCAACAABFCBEEEDCABEEDCBAB45BEDBAB AD'EDCBEFDFBAB EEFABCAB*AB@AFABBABEEFABADCEFDEDCBDAB!)!D!AADABBAAEBB  K)A B ECA B AADC B <CA B !EC!A$ B  B 'EFC B  B !AAADC B DCEDC B  B AAE B AB  AD'EDC B EDC B A B CF B AF&A B EDD!A B A B FA( B D B EAE B  D B ACE B ),E B AB !AAADCB;* BFBADDEDCABABFFCABFDCAACAABACB'DCFDDAABAB  AD'EDC$B6!EDFD(BBEB!'FFADABFDCAACAABACB'DA(BBEBADDEFEDAB AEB!A$BEDBABCFBAF&ABEDD!ABABEBFA(BAB!AAADCBCABAB  AD'EDCBACBFCEDC$BAB(BEB!FABAB0.IBEDBB3.5BEDBACBBEB'FBEB!FABA B EADCFE)ABAADCFABAB,EABACBAABAB FDC!)ECFDB)AFABBABEDBFE$

+A B CAC B  !EECFD B FDCAACAA B DCB  B ,;ACF' B A B FCA BD B FDFF B EDB  ADA,ABABEBECFDBDCBFBACBF(BADBDBK)A$B+AB*CFADCBFDCAACABADB ABEBECFDBACBAB4>>$B1B* DABADDABFCBADDAB!'FFADCABFDCAACAA(BFB 'ECB*ABDB*CFADCBFDCAACABFCBFD'!FABB3>(BAB*FBA!ADCABADFDB6(0NBABEB ECFD$B4AADEDC(BFBACBFDC!AEDCBABDCECAB* FBBEBECEDCBABADDABEEDCBDB *CFADC B FDCAACA B !FA B  B 4>> B *A B A B ADDA B EEDC B D B *CFADC B FDCAACAB FD'!FABB4>>$B6!EDFD(BABADDABDABDCBEBDF!!ABAB!ADCEDCBDAB !'FFADABFDCAACAA$

+E B AA B  B *CFADC B FDCAACA B AAC B A B FCFD)A B *ECA B DFAE# B AB !'FFADAB2 B  B * DA B ADDA B FC B ADDA B !'FFADCA B FDCAACAA B !)&A( B F B 'ECB * AAB!ADCABDB*CFADCBFDCAACABFBADCAB77BACB3>$B1B* AABFCBADDAB !'FFADCABFDCAACAABADDA(BAABFCBEFBDB*CFADCBFDCAACABADCABI>BACB77(BDB *CFADCBFDCAACABADCAB67BACBI>B!*ABDAB!'FFADABFDCAACAB!&ABACBAD'FDBEB !'FFADAB'DABDADABABADDABEEDCBDB*CFADCBFDCAACABFD'!FABB67$ +EB!'FFADAB!)&ABACBEBB!EDABEDBEBECFD(BAABABACABEDB 57NBABEB!ADCEDCBDAB!'FFADA$B+EB!'FFADABADDABACB!&ABA!ADCAB4>NBACB 0NBAB ADA,ABABADDABEEDCBDAB!'FFADABFDCAACAABACBAAADCB6NBAB !'FFADCBDCBDAB!'FFADAB'DA$ $

+A B EA B A B E B !'FFADA B FDCAACAA B DC B EF!A B AC B ED B I>N B A B E B ADB ADDA( B AA B DC B FDDDA$ B 1 B 1AD! B OE@@2

B2BCBE B !,FFC! B ADCEA B AC B DAB FD''FEDA B FDCAACAA B  F)FDA B ,F)F*A( B !!FC! B  B EFADC B !A B AC B DB F!AF,A( B ECF,A B EA B  E*FFCFD B  EADCFE)A B EFA B A B ,EA( B EF B DAB AACCEDC B E B  ECCAFDA B D B FDF B FDCAACA B A#F)! B E B  !ABF$ B 5 B !*A B DAB CEDFFDB!!FCEFABEB FDCA!FEFABAB)<DA(BPAC..FABABEB&ABEB'FBBB &ABEB'F$B&BEBDACFD(B AD'EDCBACBE''AC!BABEEC!FCF*AB,F)F*AB*FBDAB FBAACCDCB* DB!AAADCBFDCAACABFFC!$BOE@@3 B !*ABCBAB!FDBB ABC,AB'DCFDDAB)EABBABC&ABDAA#BADCEBB;ADABAD'EDCBBEB,EAB 'DCFDDEDCBACAADCBAB*FBACBADCEFDABDB'DCFDDAADCBB!AAADCB FDCAACABF$ B 5 B A B EEDCB FCEDCB  E;CA B A B EA B A B FFA B ADFDDAADCEB ED B A*A B  AD'EDC B !A$ B 2D B A''AC( B  AD'EDC B EAD B  E, B A B E B 'EFA$ B & B EB DEFEDA(B ADCE)ABAB AD'EDCBECABF''!ADCABCFECFDBF*ABACBADFAAB FDFADE,ABEB!AAADCBABAF.F$B7CABABEABAADCBFDCAE)FBADCABAA$

%B

BBBB+ABD!*ADABABEB!'FFADABFDCAACAABBABEADCFE)AB EFA +ABAD'EDCB!ADCEDCBDAB!'FFADABFDCAACAABADDCADCBABF''FC!B&BAB B;ADABK)ABAB*FBADCEFDADCBABF''FC!BEBDFAEBABEADCFE)ABEFA$B+AB AFABEADCFE)ABEFABAB,EADCBBABA#AFABCA$B+ !CFDB CFABAB AD'EDCBDFCFDDABABEADCFE)AB !FCA(BABACABACBABFC!A$B 8AD B 3EFA B AB 3EFCA5_{B2BCB+EB !ACA B  B  B ACB EB AF&A B !CEA B AB E B D)AB} !CFDB*FBE,CFEBBEBA!ADCECFDBABF(BACCABA!ADCECFDBBFBFF*ABEB DFADAB!'!FABF$B+ FDFFBFCBFBABDF!ABABDB,;ACBACBADAB DFADABABFFCABABDB$BFDF(BFBEBABFCABEDB AEABACBBECFBAB(B CFFABABFDCBABA&AB2BEC.,E(BAEDC.AF&A(BFCA.)EA$ 24&A&&'941797695665698BD46959EF98BDEDAB9367AFE64E()4*5+64,3364-4375 3484,).4$ 599 !"9#$%&9BDD6769367AFE696A9EF7'F'64/04E419 

2D B EEFD B EA B DA B ADDA B FCA B CBDEABF( B A B !'FFADC B FDCAACA B DAB EFADCBEBB'F#ABABA&ABFCBEAB* FBD EBEBB !CE,FBEABDBAEABAB FCBEAB* FBDABEFADCBEBB'F#ABABC&ABABA&ABE#B,;ACBA#C!FA$B+ AD'EDCB DABEFADCBEBBCCABE'EFCAADCBDBB EBABF''FC!BB!E,ABAB!EB A( B AC B  B CEA B F( B  AEA B ADFDDEDC$ B 4AE B E B EF B  B D!*ADA B DAB FD!ADFDBABCAABBED)E)ABADBFADBEAB AEA$

+ABEADCFE)ABEFABDCB<CABF''FFABDCEADCBEDB E*FFCFDBABEB ACA(B !FCABBADABABEB*FBCFFADCBABCCECFDBE,CEFCA$B+ AD'EDCB ADBABFCECFDBACBDDBABC$BAB(BAB!'FFADCBFDCAACABADDCABAB F''FC!B ABE BDBACEB ABED)E)A$B 2DB A''AC(B  AD'EDCB *FBDAB!FCB EBBAB 'EFAB ADAB ECFBEBACABD'FDABEDBDBADFDDAADCB*FBABEAB2BEB'EFA$B5B D EBEB,AFDB DBED)E)AB!E,!(BABABABADDADCBEDB* FBFCB,F)!BAB EA$ B 4AADEDC( B A B C,A B  B ED)E)A B AC B DCEADC B A B ACE B A B ED)E)A B E B B  ADDCABB!AAADCBABEBADDEFC!BADBEFDCADEDCB AD'EDCBBEB!ADEDAB  ECF$B4ABC,AB!FADCBABBAB!AAADCBFDCAACABACBDB E&BBEB CABACBB !A$

1B%BBED(BCBFBBEBDBEE!FAB!CFCBADCABAB!AAADCBAB'DCFDB CFAB B AADC( BAB  ECFD BACB AB!AAADCBA B'DCFDB CFABF$B +AB AD'EDCB!ADCEDCBDAB!'FFADAB!)&ABDCBAB'DCFDBAACF.CFABADBACEBAB EDF&ABBBFDBFCEDCABEBECBE#B'DCFDBCFAB!!ADCEFA$B4AB ACEB EADCABEAB K)A(BDBEAB !C!FABB!AAADC$

+A B AD'EDC B FCBCBBDE#BF B AADC B EF B ADDCA B A B F''FC! B A B EB )EFA( B E B A#FA( B E B EFA B EF B A B F''FC! B DC B FD!)DFE,A B A@ B AB !'FFADCBADCE$B5BDABEFADCBEBABBDCABDBEDFE$

5BACBF''FFABBFBAB'F#ABDBECCADCFD(BFBDABEDCFABEBC;BDBAB $ B 1 B F B CFFA B A B AD B A B  A#AFD B )EF*A( B  AD'EDC B FC B <CAB EE,A B A B A B ADF B AC B A B CEDFA B ED B D B AD B ,FAD B !'FDF( B A B )EA B  B FCA$B + A#AFD B )EF*A B AC B  !FCA B DCB A B A#AFA B .CA B EF B EFB CBAB !ADFD(BABAFDBACBABFDECFDBF$B7BABAD'EDCB!ADCEDCBDAB!'FFADABDAB !ADCADC B E B ,F)ECFAADC B C B A B 'DCFDDAADC B FC! B !!AADC$ B 1B

ACEFDB!&A(BEB!'FFADABACB!)&ABACBAABAACBDABEFECFDBEDBDABEAB !FEABEFBEDBDAB!ABDEA$BABEECECFDB E&ADCBD!EDFDBD!AEFA$

+ A#F)ADABEFABACBB F)FDABABEB!ECFDBABF''!ADCBCACB FDCAF)ADA$B + ADAF)DAADCBACBA''AC!BEBABC&ABEFA(BABADFABFCB'DFBAB!CADAB ACBABDDEFEDABD!AEFA$B5BFCBEABABCFADBE#B!&ABADBF''FC!BAFBEB FB FADCECFDBAB4=37$B4AA.FBACBAD'!ABEBEBFBEABAB'!FAB6>>7$B4ACCABFB AABBABFFCFDBABFCBD(B ACB E&BE#BFCBBC$B2ABFAB B'EFAB*ABABFCBDBABFCBB !A(BBEBEDC!(BEBCBADCABECA"BADCADCB EDBEB!EFC!BABADDABEDFE!ABABEBDEFEDABBEBC$B2ABDDABBEB AF&AB'FBDAB!'FDFCFDB;FF*ABBEDFEBABABEDFEBF*A(B)DFCF'(B EDFE$B2AB''ABEFBDAB!'FDFCFDBBEDFEB2BCBDCFCABDBEDFE(BEBADB A B E B !ADCA B F( B CCA B FFCECFD B  ECFFC! B  B ACFCFD B AB ECFFECFD B  B E B FA B ADB F!C! B ,FA B ED B D B ADFDDAADC B E B DA B ADDA B AD B EFD B  DA B EC!ECFDB ,CEDCFAA( BE,ABB!'FDFCFAB DABBFAB'DCFDBF*A(BADFAA(B ADCEA(B)DFCFABBF*A(B DBEDFEBB DBC,ABABEDC!BF

+AB'FDEFC!BABACCABFBDCBAB)EEDCFBA''ACFAADCB E&BB !ABBCBACB AACCABEB!FCABABCBAB!&A(BEDBFFFDECFDBEDA(BEBAFDB DB<AB AFAB !ECFD$B4ACCABFBAACBDBBAB!&ABADBEBABA'BABEADCB DAB FDC!)ECFDB E!ABB !ABABABA@BF$B4AADEDC(BABADAF)DEDCBDABDCBEB C;B'!BB'EFAB'EABE#BF''!ADCABEC)FA$

889

BBBBB+ !CFDB)F*ABBAFD

AB 4EEC!FCF*AB)F*ABB!AAADCBBAFDB AD'EDC

+ !CFD B A B E B EA B A B B  AD'EDC B ED B E B F!C! B EF B EF B  FDC!<C B C! B B  !CFDBAB AD'EDCBDCBDD!BEBAFDBAD'EDCFDBDABEABFF!)F!A$B+ABAFDBACB

ADCB  DAB ABAF&AB 'AB A#AFD BAB  AD'EDC$ B5BAACB B AB ADFA BAB  A#FA$B5BEBABAB'EFCBADCB!C!BCFF!BEBAB!E))ABACBAB)ABB EDEABABADCFADCBABAD'EDC$

8ADCB AD'EDCBEB!ACBABEDF&AB'CFCAB* FBACBEFABDABCEABEB  FDCA!FEFA B A B A B F)C( B F B  AD'EDC B E B EADA B  B CFFA B A B ED B AC B EB AEDADABBCE!BEB FDFCABB,AAB A''ACBB)ACABBEB'A$B+ABAFDBACBDB DA B CEA( B AA B EF!A B E B A B !EAADC B A B E B EFD B  B D B C$ B 2A B AC B <CAB DA!ABD)CA$ 4B K)ABAB3BF(B AD'EDCBEFADCBBEFFBBAFDABEFDBDB,;AC$B&B* DB AD'EDCBACBEE,ABABCADFB'AAADCBDB,;ACBFEDCBDABE*ABBBEFABBCCB ECABC(BFBACBEE,ABABFABABCE!$B+EBCFDB)EF*ABAB AD'EDCB  ADFFCBCABCADBABEBECECFDBCFA(BFDCAACAA$B8ADB1FFABAAF)B EDBDBE)ABFDCFC!BF2545323532A5B2BCBBAB)F,FE)ABD ACBEBFAADCBDB EDDE)A B ED B A B DF B !CA( B F B A'&CA B E B )AFA B ECECFD B A B  AD'EDC B ACB  !CFDBABABAD(BCEDCBCAB*AB)F*ABF$4 -AB6BED(BADB+QAD'AB4=73"B AD'EDCBADBDFADABABEBAECFDBADCAB DBAADCBACBEBCEAB* FBFC$BBECFBAB(BFBEBABFABBDABCBEDFECFD B )EF*ABFBPAC..FAB* FBEEB)FABEBEFDBACBFABAB'F)AB'A!A$B4AB ABFCB+*ACB4=63"(B AD'EDCBADBDFADABABDBF$ 4-AB0BED(BABCE!BDCBA!ADCAB*A*ABAB2B ACBAB*AB+*ACBEAAB AB!EFAB'CFC$B2DBA''AC(B AD'EDCB!ABEBAA,EDABADCABEBCEAB* FBEB'EFCABACB ABFE)AB* FBA)EA$BB!,C(BACCABAA,EDABACB'CFCABFBFBEBAABBE B AFABEFBACCAB'FBFDCADCFDDAAADC$B+ABCEFCBAB AD'EDCBEB E''FA(BFBAEBB ECCADCF'BE#B!CEFBE'FDBABDDABBABAA,EDABBAB* FBEBFCBAACCEDCBDAB A!ADCECFDBFDCADCFDDAA$

4 ACBB!F!ADCBADCABIBACB46BEDB*AB AD'EDCBADBEBEBFAFC!BAB C&ABACBABCFD(BEBEBEEFC!B A#AFD(BCEDCBEDBEB'AB*ABEDBAB

F#BAB;ACBACBABA$B+ AD'EDCBAFDABAB* FBACBA#FA$B+ !CFDBB )EFABACBFDBADF,ABAB5BACB46BED$

+ABAFDBAB AD'EDCB!ABACBADCBBEBAEDA(B ECABACBCADC!B FDCAADFB DAB AEFC.A B * AD B !FEDCB  B AD B ACF'FEDCB D B CEFC$ B 1E'F B  ADCE)A B )FA B  AD'EDCB  DABEDF&ABBE'DFA$B9DBEFCABEFDFBB !CFDBABDBAFDBBCBECAB FB*FBABFEBB K)ABECA$B+ABDCA#CABEDBA*AB AD'EDCB!EFABDBAFDB;AB D B RAB FCEDC( B FA B EFE,A B AADCB FDCAADF B ACB F B ACB F''FFA B AB CCA B AB FADCF'FA$B4E*ABAFDBA!ADCABDBFDCEDCBABEBFABAB AD'EDC$B2DB<ABCAB* FB AFDA(BAB;ADABAD'EDCBABEABADCBBF.<A(BADEDCBEB'AB DBFE)ABADCAB D B )ACA B AC B D B AFC$ B :D B FE)A B AC B EF B A B ACCA B AD B EA B ADCA B  AD'EDC B ACB  ,AECA$BBDCEF(B AD'EDCBACBEFBACABACBACB<CABCCEAADCBE,,ABEBEB CKABACBEFAB ,AECABADBABABDBECFFC!$

1EBABAFD(B AD'EDCBACBA#FABAB* FBAADC(BEFBACEFDBC&ABDCBB FABBACEFDABA#AFD(BCCBFB AD'EDCBABFFCBF.<A$B+ABAFDB AD'EDCB ACBAADCFAAADCB,F*A$B4E*AB!!ADCBACBCABABF)DF'FECFD(BFB!ABBFB ABDAB!EFC!BE'FBA#A$B1BAB)A(BABAFDBACBDBCFBFF!)F!BAB DFECFD B AC B  ,AECFD$ B +A B AFD B  ECC!DA B  B  EAADA( B *ED B  ECAB ADB A#AFDBACBABDFECFDBDCBEDCF!(BABED)E)ABADBECFFA$B

+A B AFD B AAC B EF B  !E,A B D B FE)DCF B AD B C!EFA$ B +A B AD'EDCB ''EDC B  D B ACE B ADCE B DCADC B DA B )EDA B EAC! B A B AFD B EABCBAB C!!CFA(BAB,F@EAFA(BFABABDCFC!BF$B5B'ECBD!EDFDB'EFABECCADCFD(BDB DABACBDF!ABDBEEFBAFDBABDB!!ADCBFE)DCFBBFBA(B<ABB D B FA B ACE B A B !AAADC$ B 8AD B BFA B 4=87"B2BCBB A B 'ECA B *FB !CAFDADC B ACCA B !CFD B DC B F B D,A# B * D B DA B EEFC B FDFFDA B D B !'FFCB FDCAACABEEDCB EFB!FFD!BDBACEBABECECFDBCFA(BDBC,ABB !EBA(BDABAC,ECFDBE''ACFABF$

ABCACBDCB!C!BDCFCBB!AABABAC,ECFDB!CFDDAABBECFBB AFD B  B ADDE)A B DCEADC B E B 6E)FAF B AD B 4=55"$ B + EF!ECFD B ADCEA B ACB ,E,AADC B A B EFDA B E B A B AFD B E B !C! B A B  B !CF!( B ED B A B ,C B A B !FCAB

'EFAADC B AC B EFAADC B A B C,A B A B !AAADC B ED B DA B ECFD B EFA$B 4AADEDCBABABAFDBD ACBEB''FEDCBBABDBFE)DCF(BFBFADCBABD'FA$

1BABF''FC!B EADCFE)A(BABAFDBEBDBRAB!E))F*ABACEFDB2B ECFFC!BAB AFD B B  !AB AAC B B  AD'EDC B DAB FDECFD B JF.EFD B AC B ADE)A B  A#AFDB ADDAABADBECFFABAB!CFD"(BEB'F#ECFDBAB ECCADCFD(B A#!CFDB DABCKA(B ABDCRABAB AECFFC!BADCABECA$

A B D,A# B CAC B DC B !C! B F B AD B EA$ B 9 EF B FF B A B  FDC!AA B E B CAC B B ,DABEB ACBEBABBAFDB DB,DAB*AB; EFB,A!BABECFEFC!BB ABAFDBA''AC!BEBAB!&ABABEB4+58B4EAB 5DFDB8EFA"BEDBE*AAB ; EFBA''AC!BABCE)A$B1FBABCACBCFFABABAFD$B5B BAACCADCBAB FDC!AABBE B ECECFDBFDCAACAABAB AD'EDCBEBABCACBDCB!CFCAADCBF!BE#BF''!ADCBCEAB B!AAADCB)EF*A$

%B +ABCACBB,DA

+A B CAC B A B  B DD B AC B *F B AC B ADA B CFF! B E B A B )A B ACB CFFADDABBEBFCAB DB,FEDBACBABCACBABLADABAAD)$B4 ACBADB4=68B * AAB,FABEBCADF*ABACBAB,E&ABABCECFDB B74A563434532B PAC..FAB CBAFDBB,DABF$B5BAACB !EABAB!AAADCBF*ABACBE''ACF'BAB AD'EDCBB EFAB DAB)FABABCECFDB'$BEDDA#AB6"BEFBEFBABCFAB'ECABF!B BEBFEFECFDBAB AD'EDCBACBBDBE''ACFFC!$B4ABCACBACB<CABFBADBEABBAB AD'EDCBABCFBBCAF@ABEDBACBAFB K)ABADCE(BFBEFCB<AB<CABEFE,ABBAB ECA$BEDBABCAC(BLADABAAD)6 B !ABEBA!ADCECFDBBADDE)AB ADB74BFCA$B4ABFCABAADDADCBABF''!ADCB!!ADCBBADDE)ABEBA#AABFBDB ,DABACBADDEFE,ABBDD(B FBBEBDABC<CA(BABA#(BAB;E,A(BABB,E(BFB ABF)CBDCB!ADCBBABA#BEFDBBBDABABEFD(BFB AD'EDCB ACBEF*!B  B DD$ B + AC!CFA B  B AFD B D ACB E B ;)!$ B :D B FDCB AC B ECCF,! B  B E*A B !!ADCB

642.394416#4(D7A6EED'67698F45)9E6986D74C)14C14561)14441)9

A!ADC! B ACAADC$ B :D B CCE B AC B 'EFC B  B E*A B ;AC B CAC!$ B 4E*A B FCA B E B DB EEC&ABECFFABBAACCABABEABAB;ACBADBABFEDCBABA'EDA$

+ EEDCE)ABABABCACBABAFDBACBABAACCABDAB!EECFDBEFABADBCFFEDCB DABECFFC!B*FBEDCBB AD'EDC$B4ABCACBACBFABBEF*ABF* FB''FCB CFFABDA B 'AFAB,EDABACBDBEDBDF$B+EBDF)DABACBFABACBACB<CABFABEBC$BAB ( B AA B AC B <CA B A#F!A B A B DAE B F B  AD'EDC B A B AEDAB2 B CBAFDA B DB ,DABF$B2DFCABABE)ABA''AC!BEBEB)ABFCB<CABAAC!BACBFBDABEFAB EBABEABB FDCA!CECFD$B+ABAF.FDCBD A#FCADCBE$B2D'FD(BABEBB*CFADCB FDCAACA B FC B A B 'EFA B A B 'EGD B !FA B AC B FAB2 B D B FDC B AC B E! B E B !!ADCB !ADCBBAB,DA$B+AB!CECBFD'!FABABABCACBAADCB A#F*ABFCBEB ABF''FC!BCFA(BFCBEBABC,ABE''ACF'$

+EB)ABLADABAAD)7

BEBFBADBF&AB8BCEABBAFDB2

. +ABCE!BABF)DABACBFD!ADCBEFB AD'EDCBEDDDABB EEDABAB* FB EBAFDABH

. +ABCEABC<CE

. +A B CEA B A B CEDFCFDB2 B A B !!ADC B A B &CADC B AC B  ADFFADCB )AFAADCBH

. +ABBBAB'EABACBACBH

. +ABCEABABCEDFCFDBADCABEB'EABACBAB'FBH

. +AB'F$

+A B ,DA B A!ADCA B ED B E B E;FC! B A B E B  AD'EDC B F.<A B  B AB ADDABABDBADCE)A$B+AB!CEFB!ADCBBABAFDBADAF)DADCBB AD'EDCB2BAB )EDBA#B!*ADCBEBFFC!(B ACABAB AD'EDC$BABACFCBA#BAADCBACB<CAB FAB*AB AD'EDCB!'&ABDABEBFBEB!EFC!B*FB ADCA$B+EB,ABADAF)DABBEB

7484,).15

EEFC!BAB AD'EDCBBA,EFABAB!CFD$B%E,FCAAADCBEDBABAFD(BABAA#B AADC B A B AFA B AC B D EEEFADC B E B  B A B AFD B AADEDC B * AAB EEEFADCBAEBACBF)DF'FAB*AB AD'EDCBACBECCADCF'$B+EBFCFDBAB,EB;ABEFBDB RABEDBABAFDBEBA#AABFBAB,EBDCBFF)!BABABECB ACB*AB AD'EDCBACB <CABADCADBBABABECB ACB* FBACB* DBABEFABCED*FA(BACBAABABFABACB EFBFCEDCABEDBAB!E)ABB,DA$

AB(BABF''!ADCB!CEFBBAFDBDCBDC!BACBF''!BEFBABADFABEBEFB AFBDAB!CABABEBEABEDBEBE)A(BEBCEFA(BEB'FDAABB !EFABABCEFC(B  A#FCADA B A B EA( B E)A( B AFA B  B ACE)A B ADCA B ECAB2 B  !DAB ,DA B AEDC B E B E;AA B ECFA B A B E B E)A B AC B CEFA B D B !D&DA B AB ACFECFDBBABCCBACFCB,DABAB ED#F!C!BBAB FDF,FCFDBEBA#AA$

+ !CABBAFDBB,DABDABABFFCABDBEBDAB!AABABECECFDB ADCEA(BFBACB'EFABEEEDCABABC,ABDA)F*A(BD!CF*A(BCF*A$B4AB F''!ADC B C,A B ADC B D'F! B E B A B ECA B CACB2 B D B C& B EEF B ,DAB DCABABC,ABFCEDC$B6!EDFD(BEB!EFECFDB DB,DABC&BACAB D ACBEBC;BDBF)DAB DB!*FF,ABF*ABDE$B+ FDC!<CBABABCACBACBAB FBABADAABBFDCAEAB!)FABEDBFDD!DFADCBACB !EAB !CFDBAB EBECECFDBFDCAACAA$ B + CFFECFDBB,DABEBEFB!C!BE,!ABADB4=I=BEB?EADB3EABADB ,FEDCBAB323C453A6C72374A56 $B5BDAB'ECBB!EFABDB,DABEFB ABAFDB DABADDABFBAFBBA#AB!$B 4ABCACBAEB!C!BEBEBFCABDCEADCBEB9E*AFDAB1ABADB4=33B*FBEB DDBBCFFABABEDBDFBEFBEBDCEFA(BAABEBE;CABABACBABADBB ABEBABFA$B4ABCACBAEBBEB'FBDBCACB FDCAF)ADABACBDBCACBABADDEFC!$ B +A B A B CFF!A B E B  AD'EDC B DC B !!A B A B F''!ADCA B !CFD B AADCFA B EB  AD'EDC$

4E*ABABEBDABF)DF'FECFDBFCFDCA(BDAB,F*A$B+AB,FDEFDBAB ABDCBEFBABF)DF'FECFDBAB2

. +A B )A B AC B E B AF&A B A B *A B  AD'EDC B EAD B  B FCFD)A( B AAB !&AB !DA)FABAB AD'EDC$B4 ACB!)EAADCBEBABAB E)AFFC!(BEB &A B AC B  ED)FA$ B 4ACCA B A B C& B !ADCA B ED B A B AFD B AC B <CAB EDDDFECFABABFA$

. +AB;EDABACBDDABABDDEFEDA(BABFFC!BACBAB;FABABFA$B EDBDBAFD(BAABDCAB A#AFFC!B DBAD'EDC$

. + ED)A B A#FA B D B ,AFD B A B DCEC B FE( B  AC B D B F)DA B  AFCB  !*FABACBAB!CFCFFC!$

. +AB,ABACBEBADF&ABAB*AB AD'EDCBEADBBFCFD)A(B ACBEB EF#(B EDFA(BEBCED*FFC!$B+ AD'EDCB*FBCFFAB,AEBAB,ABEDB DBAFDBACBFDCACFB*FBD EFABEB<CAB,!$

. +A B AC B A'&CA B E B FFC!( B E B DDEFEDA B AC B A B ,FAD.<CA$ B + AD'EDC B *FB  CFFABACBADCBFDCFCF'BACBBECAB*ABEBADDA(B<AB FBACB ADF,A$B+* FBACBCBCFF!(BFBACBACCABADBEEDCBDB!)BCB'C$

. +A B A B AC B F)DA B A B A B AC B A B CADAA$ B + AD'EDC B EFA B A B AB E)!E,ABACB'EFA$

. +A B ,D B 'EFC B !'!ADA B B E B !FC!( B E B CE,FFC!( B F B AC B ADC B ECFADC B ACB FDCFA#$B5BACBBEABACBFDCFA#$

. +A B DF B ADFA B  B  FDDFADC( B  B  FDFF,A B AC B E B D!AEFAADC B E#B EEFABAD!A$B+ AD'EDCB*FB CFFAB,AEBAB'EFCBD'FEDABACBFBD EB EBABAB EADF$B3EFBABDFBACBEFBFBF)DF'FAB*AB AD'EDCBEB ABAAC$B

 ECABCAC(BBE)AADCBA!(B'DCBEABEBAFDBABEBADDABEFDABACB !CFADCBEBADDEFC!BABAD'EDC(B ACBABEBBCACBABEB'EFABAB1CBADB4=76BB ADA B  B! 3 2 3 B A B2 3 722 3 !275 3 2 3A B /S B !&A B A B LADAB AAD)"$B5B'EFCBEABDDBAAADCBBEBADDABEFDABEFBADABBA#B,;ACB ECFFAB2B E,ABACBEBEFD$

4ABCACBDCB!C!B!E,!BEBAB'AFDDABABEB)FA(BFBFADCB<CABFBADB EABEDBABDFCFDBECFF&ABD!AFCEDCBDABACEFDABCADF*A$B4 ACB*FB ABCACBDCBCFF!BEBAB)ABA#.<A$B4AADEDCBEBBAB!EDAB F,ABABAFD( B ADAF)DEDCBACB,AA BBACEFDBAFDBABEEC!FCF*AB*FB AADC B  EADA B !ADCAAADC B  B AD B FCA B EA B A B )A B EFA B AB  !CE,FAADCBEDBA*A(BFBCEEFA$

8889

+ABECBFAB2BDABCFECFDBBAB!&ABADBF''FC!$

E"$B

1A)EBBAB)EABAB !A

+A B EC B FA B ADC B DA B EA B ED B A B )EA B A B  !A B EF B ,FAD B ADB ECADAAB* ADB!!ADCEFA$BCBB +EBADF,FFC!BECFCF*ABACBABEEFC!B A#AFDBAB !&ABDCB!A!ABEBABECF*ABECFCF*A(BEFB!)EAADCBEBAB!'!ADAB CAA B F!A B  B  FCFA B A B EC$ B 4A B ECFFC! B  EE)DADC B A B  E)A B  DB E,EFAB!FB*FBAACBE#B!&AB A#FABABADECFD(BAB!CFD(BAB !'!ADABACBAB)TCBF$

CB+A B EC B FA B A)ADC B A B EC B ECF*A( B A B FD!E( B E B C)EFA( B AB AF)D( B A B EC B D!F*A$ B 8AD B A B )EA B 6>>5 B AC B A B A B D B AB !CADA B AC B A B DDEFEDA( B  ADAF)DAADC B A B EC B FA B  EFADC B  B DAB ECF*A B !)F&A B AC B FAF'F!A B A B  A#AFD B ECF*A( B  B AFD B AC B E B !EFECFDB  FE)AB'F#ABACB,FA$B5B,FFABABCADF*ABCEFCFDDAABAFDCA(BAFD"BB BDCAEFDABC)EFABD!F*A(BFD!E(BF!(BFD')EFA"BACBABAB !ABFABEFB,FD!ABAAADC(BCE!(BE)AUBDCE)A"$B+AB!&AB DCBDFCBBA#FABAB* FBAGFADC(BBFE)FDABACB!*ABAB;ACBACBAB !EFECFDBADBCFFEDCBDBE,EFABEF!$B8 A#FABEB !FCA(BABAFD(BEB AFDCA(BABABACBDABAB!CADABECCADABEBEFAB4BBABD$BF

4AB;AB EFB!F!B!!AADC(BEB4+58B4EAB 5DFDB8EFA"B'EFCB ECFABFDC!)EDCABAB !ABACBAABFCBFABAB)EABAB !ABFEFA$B+ABECB FA B 'DC B ECFA B A B A B )EA B AC B FADC B <CA B ADAF)D! B A B A B ECAB ECF&A$B+EBE;FC!BABDCFDBABF''!ADCABECF&AB,FADCBABEECECFD$B:DB CEEF B F''!ADF! B AAC B E# B !&A B A B CEEF B DA B DCFD B DA$ B 4AADEDC( B AB EC)FABDCBC&B!C!)&DABACBEAAAADCBACEFDB!&ABEEDCBABEC)FAB BFCEDCABDABDCBEBFBACAADCBADBCA$

+ABAD'EDCB!ADCEDCBDAB!'FFADABADDABB!)&ABDCBEF!BADB4+58(B F B AGFADC B D B ADAF)DAADC B !FE$ B + ,;ACF' B A B ACEFDA B EA B AC B  E!FA B AB CAADC B )!D!E B A B  AD'EDC B AD B A B  DA B !FDACFD B FEA$ B 4ACCA B !ECFDB !FEABFCBABACCABADBEABEFAADC(BEB!'FFADABFCB<CAB!CAC!AB&B !AB ECADAA$B+AB4+58BA)ADCBADCBABAD'EDCB K)ABACBABDFAE#BC&BF''!ADCBAB *FBADCBAB,&ABEFE,A$

8ADBACEFDAB!CA(BAB!'FFADCB!)ABBADBAADCBEADFBBFABACBB !FA( B CC B !AD B A B ,&ABCBB DA.AACF.CABF$ B 6!EDFD( B FB EFADDADCB FCAB E# B FFCA B AB A B F,FFC!$ B 4 AC B *FB F B ACB EFD B A B FB FABBAB!&ABAB<AB)EAB* BAB!&ABFCBCBDE#BF$B+ ,;ACF'BAB

 !ABACBABAACCABE#B!&ABAB FDC!)ABEDBEBF!C!BAADEDCBBAB!&AB ABDDEFEDABACADCBFFCA$B

+A BCFFADDAB *AB ; EFB ADDC!AB DCBFDFC!B  BAB'EFCB *AB BAB AD'EDCB!ADCEDCBDAB!'FFADABFDCAACAA(B !ECFDBCFA(BFDC!)!ABEDB DBADA,AB!ECF'(BACBFCEDCABBEBEFECFDBAB AD'EDCB2

. 2ABDFCFDDAB EADCFE)ABACB CFFECFDBABADB A#AFDB A#AFDBA,EABAB A#AFDB)EF*A"BH

. 2ABAACB E!FABABCAADCB)!D!EBH

. 2A B 'EFA B  !EDFAADC B A B  AD'EDC B ED B ACEFD B EFDAB ECFFC!BCFA(BEADCFE)AB'AFDDA"$

/"$BB+ABAFDBACB A#AFD

4A B ;AB  EF B E,! B !!AADC( B A B CFA B EEC!FCF*A B ADCEA B AB  AD'EDCB!ADCEDCBDAB!'FFADABADCEABDCB!C!BADCABECAB!ACF!BEBAB,FEFBB AFD$ B 2D B 4=40( B A B 'AA B 1'FCA B !DFA( B  B E B AF&A B 'F( B  CFFECFD B B AFDBEDBDB,CBC!EACF*A$B1B !E,ECFDBABAB!EDA(B; EFBFFBABDAFB ABCFFADDA$B4ABADF&ABDCB'CAADCBFDFC!BBAB'EFCB*ABBAB!&AB !ADCEDCBDAB!'FFADABFDCAACAABAB ACBABEBBFAB!&ABEDBEB EABEDBE*AAB; EFB!EF!BDBCE)A(BABADAF)DAADCBCBFDEFABFBDABDCBEB EEC!BBABADFA$B2DBA''AC(BA#BABAB!&ABA&ADCBAB 532B5DCFCCB3!FB 2ECF'"BAADEDCBBDAB!&A(BACCABFDC!)ECFDBAB'AEBBEBADC!ABABACA,A(B 'ECABABEABEDB FDCFCC(BB ECA(BABEADCBA'ADCB FDC!)ECFDBEDBACBFDCFCCB DABADDEFEDCBEB EABBEDFEBABABAD'EDC$B

+ABECBFAB'DCBECFBAB)EABAB !ABACBFADCBDB<CABCEEF!B EB<ABCFCAB*ABABEC!ECF*ABACBAB'EDGEF$BAB(BABA#AFABCAB DCBBEB'FBEB,EABABEADCFE)ABACBDCBFFE#BBAB!&ABEEDCBDAB !'FFADA B FDCAACAA$ B 4 AC B *F B FCA B  B A B AAA( B A B ADCACFAD B AC B E#B F''!ADCABACAB*AB; EFBB'EFA(BFB ACBEEBFDC!AEDCB CFFABABECBFABACB

DCEADC B A B AFD B  B E,A B DA B DCFD B FCEDCA B  B A B !&AB2 B A B !EB A$ B +A B AFD B  E B AF B  B E B 'F B  !CE,F B DA B FE)A B EA B A B AD'EDC B EB DFECFDBA,EAB!CEDCBF,ABEABABAD'EDC"BEFBEFBABCEEFABAB!EB A$

+EBDDEFEDABACBEBA!ADCECFDBDCBC&BFCEDCABEDBEBAECFDBB395B ACBAB ADFDDAADCBA#C!FA$B8ADB%$BBED(B ACBCBDB!!ADCBAB,EABFDFADE,AB  B E B DCCFD B A B EB ADDEFC! B E B  AD'EDC( B  AC B E B A!ADCECFD B  B  B FDB ),EA( B  B  B FD B !F'F*A B AC B F''!ADF!A B * F B E B A B D B A B BF$ B +EB DFADABABDBBABACBF!ABB !ECFDBCFA$B+AB!&AB!ADCEDCB DAB!'FFADABFDCAACAABEADCBEBFABEABEEDCB FDC!)ABDBEADCFE)A$

B 4 ACB*F(B; EFBDBF BADBEABDABAF&AB!EDABEDCBE*AABAB !&A B AEFADC B CEEFA B  B A B !E B A$ B A B )EDA B 'AFA B EEFADC B !C!B E!A B E B CE,AE B E'FD B *A B AA.F B FADC B E!A B  B E B ECA B A B AD'EDC$ B 4ACB A#AFABEB!C!BA''AC!BEABAB!&ABABEBEABEBCB!ADCABABEDABEDBAB !EBABBF''!ADCBDFAE$B4 ACBBAEB*ABAB!&ABDABEFADCB,AABAB AFDBABABEEEA$B9 EFBAD!B ECFFC!BADBAEDEDCBE#B!&ABABAFDAB A B ECCEFC$ B +A B !CEC B !CEFADC B C& B F''!ADC$ B 9 EEF( B A B ( B FDCE! B AB FDCADCBFCABF''!ADCB2BABEFABABABF''!ADC(BABFDAE#BEABABEB AFDCABABABF''!ADC(BEDB)E(BEDBABA$ 1BACEFDB!&A(BAB!!ADCBFDFE#B!CEFADCB!ADC$B1BAB!&ABEEDCB DBACEBABED)E)A(BDAB!'FFADABFDCAACAABACBDABAECFFC!(BABECCEFCB !CEFADCBFFC!$B9DBEEFCB,FADBDAB'ABDABBEBC<CA(BA#BFDCBBABA#BACBD B CEFCBBEB,A$B1B DB ADCABA#(BABCEFCBACFE#BBEBC<CABA!ADCEFADCBAB AA#$B4DDEFEDCBAB!&ABACBEEDCB!;BABABAFD(B;ABDDEFEFBABDFAEBAB ACEFD$B9 EEFB!BDBACEFDBD,ABABFFB2BABFFBFDFFABB*ECAB !&ABACBDB)EDBFFBBABFD*BECAB!&ABACEDCBE*ABFBE!EFADCBEDB ABC$ :DAB'FBABECCEFCBA''AC!(B;AB!ADCEFBE#B!&ABAB)EABACBFBAEEFCBAB ACABBABFE)ABAB*FBEEFCB!C!BAFD!BACBAB* FBED*EFC$B5BEFCBADFCAB 21

!CABABECCEFC$B+AB!&ABAEFADCBABFABAB* FBEFCB2BABA#(BABDA@(BEB ,A(BABAFABACBABFB!CEFADCBFC!$B

4ACCAB!EDABEBAFBABCBBDABECAB!EDA$B4ACEFDB!&AB A#FEFADCB EABABF''FC!$B9 EFBDBCEEF!BBECFBABECCEFCBABF''!ADCABA#AFDB * FBEFADCBAADCF$B7;BADBCFFEDCBABFF(BAB!&ABAEFADCBFABAB A#AFD B F''!ADCAB2 B E B ;FA( B E B CFCAA( B E B &A( B E B 'ECF)A$ B 4A B A#AFD B DCB AAB*AB;ABACEFBABBEDBEBEA$B8BAB<ABFDFAB*AB ECCEFC(BAB !&ABAEFADCBABA!ADCABEABABA#AFDBEFBACCAB'FBBDAB'AFABI$B4AB 'CB D B A#AFA B EA@B F''FFAB F*AB AB ,&A B  B !E B AB D EEFC B E B !C!B EFF!BEBCBACBABA#AFDB!CEFADCBF''FFABBA!ADCA$B4ABAFDBDCBAFBB EB'FBABFE)ABBAB ECFFC!BEFBEFBE&BF*ABABA!ADCECFDBDCB!C!B CFF!ABBE*ABAF.;D!A$B:DB!&ABADEFCBABECFDBB E&.FFBACBFBAEFCB DCABDBABEB FDCA!FEFABBAFDBACBA#F*ABABEFDBABACCABA$

:DABECAB!EDAB EBAFBAB'EFABEB<ABABEABABBADBADCFA$B1B A B FF( B AE B EEFC B !C! B  B F''FFA$ B 9A B D EF B  B ECA B *A B A# B FF B EDCB DCA B A B  B CC B ADCFA$ B +A B !&A B AEFADC B AFDA B D B ,DA$ B 9 EF B A'EFC B AB <ABA#AFA(BAFBABABA)EABEDBABFFBACBABABFABAB* FBFC B2BDABC<CAB EAB*A*AB!!ADCBBEDBEB!EDAB!!ADCA"(BAB,E(BDBADCA(BAB;E,A$B +AB(BABEFD(BABF)C(BABEEDC.,EBD DCBEB!C!BFC!$BLEABEBFF(B;ABA B FDF*EFBABA,ABACBACEFDBABFEFADCB2BCBBEBF(B ACBDBBVBFBEBA#AA$B

+ CFFECFD B  B AFD B AACCEFC B E# B !&A B A B 'EFA B A B CEEF B A B EDF&A B F*A B ACB CCBFBEFADCBAADABFCBADB)EDCBBADBE;CEDCBABEBAFDCABBAB AABFCBADBAB!CEDC$BABBAB!&ABDABADEFADCBEBAEBBDBA#AFAB EFBCRCBABDABECFFC!BEFEDCA$B

1E B A B F''!ADCA B !EDA( B *F B AD B  !CEC( B DA B DCFCADC B E B D B EADCFE)A B !AB F* DAB!EDABDABAACBEBBAB!&AB!ADCEDCBAB'DCFDDAADCB)DFCF'B  FDC!)ABDABDCFD$B4AADEDCBAA.FBDCB<CABAFABEB ADAF)DEDCBACBEFDFB DCFC!ABDBEADCFE)A$B

4964+:8596B2

& B A B  B ;ADA B K)A( B  AD'EDC B AFDA$ B 8E B CFD B )EF*A B E B  ADFFB CA B CAD B A B E B ECECFD B CFA( B FDCAACAA B AC B  B !E B A$ B 8EB CFDBEBAB!AABFEDCBF''!ADCBCEAB*AB DBACBACCABADBAECFDBEAB ABF''!ADCBABAB !A$B2DBCCABACFCABACFDBACBACFCABACFD(B AD'EDCB!ABAB F B A B  FE)A$ B 5 B E B  A#AA B  B FA B EEDCE)A B AC B FA#$ B +A B AFD B DCB ,AEBBF,ABACBDCED!$B+AB'ABDCB'A!A(BFEFAB2B ACBAB!EFAB 'CFCBABA.%B+*AC$B-AB0.7BED(BABAD'EDCBDCB)!D!EAADCBEF!BB !ABACB A B CFD B AC B )& B DC B DF!E,AADC B E)ADC!$ B +A B AFD B AC B <CAB !EFABEFBFBD EFABEBB <CAB2B ACBAB!EFABED*!$B+ !&ABEB<CABEE,ABAB FABABF#(BABE!(BEBACFEFC!BAEBE*FABDCEADCBEDBABCFDB ABEFD$B+ABADDE)ABDCB<CABB)EDB*ABABEFDBACBDCBAADFBABB ADBBFADCF'FE,A$B

BAB6(BAB!&ABDCB<CABEE,ABABAFDABDBABC&A(BEBEFDBEB A#AABDABEBBA!ADCABDBFE)A$BAB!CEFBDCBEEEDCA(BABFA#BDCB<CAB !'FDFBACBADDEFE,AB2B ACBAB!EFABFDCAACABAB+*AC$B4 ACBEB'FDBBAFDB AD'EDCFD$

 B A B 0(B AB =.44 B ED( B  AD'EDCB ECCAFDCB EB !FAB ECA$ B + !AB E&DAB AB CADF*ABB!FA$B7BAB!!ADCBBAFDBAADCB<CABFADCF'F!(BEBCFDB ACBAAC!ABACBEBAACFABACBBBFDBEDCF!A$BBABCEA(BABAFDBECAB EEEDCBEFAADCBACBACEFDABADDABD !ADCB$

+ABAFDB AD'EDCBACBAADCFAAADCBDBAFDBBABECA$B+ AD'EDC(BEBAB A!ADCECFD B * F B D B E B DD! B  B F B  B CEA B A B AFD( B D B DF*A B AB !CFD$B+ABAFDBAFADCBDBDBFDCADCBABDFECFD$B

+ FDC!<C B  B A B AFD B  AD'EDC B CFADC B E B 'EFC B *A B A B 'AFDDA B ADADC(B )KABBA#(BFA#BDDEDCABEBFABADCEABABAD'EDC$B+ AD'EDCBA#FABACEFDBCEFCBAB EBADDEFC!BEDBABAFD$

B +A B AFD B 'DCB EFB ECF B A B CAC B !! B ED B DAB !FA B E B  FDCFCCFD B AB  ,F)ECFDBEFABEDBABEBFDCFEF!B BEB'EFCBEEEDCABAB,&AB AD'EDCB EEDC B A B F''FC! B EFA$ B 4A B CAC B CEFADC B A B DCFD B A B ;)AADC( B AB !ADFDBACBABEFDDAADCBDGBBABAD'EDCBAB0BB46BED$B+EBDCFDB K)AB ADCEBEEEDCBEDBABEDD!AB4=>5B2BCBB ACB K)ABD)F*ABADBABAD'EDCB*FB

!FADCBABCACBEB<ABA)!B*ABFBF$B4ACCABDCFDB'CB!C!ABBCEBEBAAB B*CFADCBFDCAACA(BABM5$B4ABADFABAACBDBEAADCBAB!'FFADAB2B!)&A(B ADDA(B!&A(B'DA$ 4ACCAB!'FFADABFDCAACAABEBAB!AFDBDCEADCBBABEADCFE)AB EFA$B+ABAD'EDCB!ADCEDCBDAB!'FFADABFDCAACAAB!)&ABACBADDABAADCB <CABEF!BEDBAB!ABFDEFA(BEDBABEAB!FEABEA!AB4+58B4EAB  5DFDB8EFA"BEDBE*AABDBADAF)DAADCBEEC!BACBFBADBEA$B4AADEDCBEB  B A B  !C!)!D!FC! B A B EC)FA B A)!A B ED B DA B EA( B A B EECECFD B DAB AADCB<CAB'FCE,ABBCBABAD'EDC$B1BACEFDABEC)FABABEB!'FFADAB FDCAACAA(B ADAF)DEDCBACBABCABFFEDCB'EABBACEFDB!&A$

:DBAB,&AB*AB; EFBADDC!BACB*AB ADAF)DEDCABAA.<ABADDCABACBAB AACB'AFDDAAB*ABAB)ABEFABDCB,F)!BABAAC$B2DBA''AC(BEB !,CBABABAAA(BBEBFCABABEB!'A#FDBBABAFDBABACEFDB!&A(B; EFB  B DDEDCA B A B F''!ADC B 'DCFDDAADC B !ADC B ED B E B EA$ B 9A B A B FB  E,BEA!ABB ADAF)DEDCA(BAA.FBEBADDBDABEBABDDEDCA$B9ABABFBDB CD!A B A B E B )A B EFA B EF B ACCA B ADF&A B  AC B E,FC!A B AF&A B A B AACB 'AFDDA$B9ABABFBDBAED!ABADCBACCABADBEABDBEADCFE)ABEDB DDEDCABABEC)FABA#ECABAB!&A$

BDBC&AB*FB!CEFCB*ABABECBFABCFEFADCBAB!&ABADBF''FC!(B FBABEEDCBFCEDCBABEAAB*ABABECBFABACBDCEADCBEBAFDCABDCB!;BFB AD B F&AB A B ECFCA B EEDCB A B 'DCFDDAADC B )DFCF'$ B 9AED B ,''ACB AD B 4=I7B FDADCABABCAAB ECB,C$B5BEBFDADC!B A#AFDBECB,CBCBB!F)DAB ECBFCB EBABDDB'AFDDABCEEFEDCBADBABABDABAC!CF*ABDADA(BAC!BB  !ECBBFFABECFCF*A(BBEEDCBDABCABFEABACB)F*AB''FEADCB 'CABB* FBABACADCBCCEAADCBF!BACBABACCADCBB!ABF$B5BEBDCFC!BAB BDABACFDB JABFDCFC!AB"112DA53231F473#7C +ABECBFABECFFADCBDDBAAADCBEB!AAADCBCABEFB EFBEB!AAADCBABEBADDEFC!BACBBED)E)ABA@BABAD'EDCB!ADCEDCBAB F''FC! B A B DFECFD$ B +A B AFD B E B AACCA B DA B EA B A B  !FCA$ B +EB DFECFDBA,EABABD)ABEBABED)E)AB!FC$

85A+28

4B2B

4FFDBABFCBACBAB CDFA

4+58B2B

4EAB 5DC!)ECFDB8EFA

288B2B

2*FABAB8FFBAB8EFECFD

532B2B

5DCFCCB3!FB2ECF'

31%B2B

3EFDB!ECAADCEABAB1ADDAB%EDFE!A

938B2B

9)EDFECFDB3DFEABABEB8EDC!

84B2B

8AFAB4DBABEBADCECFD

8288B2B

8AFAB 2ECFDB8!FEABACBAB8FDBBFFA 27

/F,F)EFA

. /1%3B$(B4=38(B23A25AAD4A53231F25453$374%273532A5(B7A(B 1FEC$4 . 6O52:B$(B/1/2WB+$(B/2161.62OB9$(BW38B8$(B6>>532374%4A13C3 2A532538&D99'748A23231F2545(B1EF(BD$ . /11WB-$(B1+3521B$(B6>44(B7C#123D65AA323'A4A53F488725A462(B 1EF(B+ %EECCED$ . 4%1512:BL$(B4968767B9$(B:16B/$(B4==3323945AD48325413D92E3 1F2545(B1EF(B28LB!FCA$ . 2/52662B34$(B4=85( B232A53D92E31F2545(B1EF(B1AABDFAFCEFABAB LEDA$4 . 26A2+%17B$(B4=5>32A5323!275541A'3D92E31F2545(B4618$ . L-52O./9:796521B9$(B/4%2+1BA$(B4=7=3232A53232545(B1EF(B !FCFDBBEE,!A$

. L12: B ( B 4=74( B2 3 74A225 3 8&D94541&ABC2 3 2 3 2545( B 1EF( B 1AAB :DFAFCEFABABLEDA$

. 4A17597.+1%621WB%$(B4=38( B74A'3238&D916A23231F2545(B-8B2BAB AB A#AFD(B1AABDFAFCEFABABLEDA$BX

. A125A B 1$( B 6>>0( BF2545 3 2 3 5 3 2A5 3 54A45D2 3 2 3 1F47 3 2 3 2 3 1F'D7AC72(B 1EDFAB8EFDC.)DA(B2&$

. +A9:772B $(B 4==>( B +A B ECB ECF*A B HB DCAD( B AD;A# B ACB 'FDEFC!( B 1EF(B EDB4FD$

. 321252:BL$(B4=3I(B+ABAFDBAB AD'EDC(B1AABDFAFCEFABABLEDA$

. 6-5++2B1$(B4=74(B+ABAFDBA@B AD'EDC(B1AABDFAFCEFABABLEDA$

. 121196B1(B6>>I(B+ FDCAF)ADABAB AD'EDCBACBABC,AB2BABC,ABADCE#B E#B''EDABABEBADDA(B1EF(BD$

. 154M B +$( B -W21 B 1$( B 4=85( B 2ECFD B 1.CFA B AC B EF!ECFD B ADCEA(B 2FCFDBFD$

. 411:%9332: B 3$( B 4==4( B +A B AFD B A B  AD'EDC( B 1AA B DFAFCEFA B AB LEDA$

. 12W7B4$(B6>>>(B+ABECBECF*ABB !A(B1EF(B/E$

. B++96B1(B43/521B(B26A2+%17B(B4==>(B+ABAFDBAB AD'EDC(B1EF(B 1AAB:DFAFCEFABABLEDA$

. B5+94%21B$(B4=5I(B+ FDCA!CECFDBABAFDB AD'EDC(B1EF(B3EE)E$B