Les effets de la relaxation sur les apprentissages à l'école

HAL Id: dumas-00738983

https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-00738983

Submitted on 5 Oct 2012

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-entific research documents, whether they are pub-lished or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.

L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

Les effets de la relaxation sur les apprentissages à l’école

Laurine Bouchez

To cite this version:

Laurine Bouchez. Les effets de la relaxation sur les apprentissages à l’école. Education. 2012. �dumas-00738983�

12345678731559

3ABCD2ED4B7F7A695336247537BCE537

2B57888

351534657

DD4D24D77E2765C56C5

1213456

17547A6B1757EB4D24777C57E !"#$ 3D4575796124D77%"&&$#$ '$7(2)*+ 35C4D77 D#,", &-7( 7)-."#"!$7($7!$*/$!*/$775( *,"0#7A/1)"+ $7$,7320!,"'$

D#,", &-7( 7) 3$,7($7.-.0"!$777&$)7$44$,)7($7&7!$&5,"0#7) !7&$)722!$#,"))6$)777&-*0&$ 0.7$,72!-#0.7( 7("!$*,$ !7($7.-.0"!$7782DEE2679*+ $) 123456278 789ABCDAEFAFDAFD A99 989ACFAD !A " #A$A7A%A&A8A

'("A$A7A%A&A8A)A DD*C*F*ACEDC*(CEAA9+E,(*C+ADA1(-*ED

.C*A/BA$A///0C0CF1,01E 2 +AC*EAA23CEDC*4A2E*+CD

12334567

589ABCDE9FB8 5CA9BAFD 4CFA89BACA !9FB8 9AF8F8"D9B"#8C1ED 9$ %B"& &A !9FB8E9F'( )*ABE8B8B B"FD9%EB+8B8B B"FD, *!AF8EEBABA -.*9989FB8/ 5539BCB B"F0 41 E9FB8CD19C8 ECAC *9DCCE2 )CB88CEAF9F'3 89A9F8C*! FEF99FB83 .ABCDE9FB8C #' 7!AEFECA !9FB8& 5556EDF 98 %CCB88-42A"8F9FB8CDAEDF CCB88-)48 %CCB88- CB88CEAF9F'-89A9F8C*! FEF99FB82 &ABCDE9FB8C #'( (CB88AFDA *84 C E , 55B8E DFB8-)F4 FB"AF 488!

12342552634724894A289B96CDE43FA482349A2E6C33923448D82

E6AD7F6CDE4 12334564572869AB45C27D95EF564754BB7572B54568754B5687572669975453975 4B 5 79892B 5 4 5 7477 5 67 5 94B 5 B7 5 8B4 5 729 5 A94 5 4 5 9B23974 5 67 5 294B5 B2334B5789458B5 3459B4B745457477B54B45653972B564754B75456!2645"45 6875647544975B75647567747572B5932B75#!4B57895 4$548%5475A992B7585 7477 5 4 5 47 5 2&6'347 5 !4B92B 5 ( 5 6!264 5 )B 5 44 5 4 5 687 5 4B 5 687 5 !4B749ABB75 2B74B5*84564756'4752B5475998675 (57284B9564854B92B5(57452B4B45(5 3+974 5648 5 A474545 648 5 9394B41 2,47 56'475 72B5 9B7954B 5 389745 27845 285 4B4 5 *89 5 47 5 7297 5 ( 5 6!264 5 4 5 494BB4B 5 4 5 3897 5 6'47 5-B 5 485 B2334B 5 94 5.49948 5 EF/ 5 05 1 5624B92B 5 &9774 5 6 5 4B792B 532B4 5 3684 5 *84 5 85 B948524754562932779&969524B749AB45*84574569AB4B56475247748750564756'475B45 94BB4B568754B5645145*895954%492BB465B547544B85&B65,53974585965 4754568754B5687562BA845,52B4B92B54758B45*84792B545439456B585282 895 65745(5475A992B7545453B*845!4B92B54568754B56875!4B749ABB752274B5 4 5 9*84 5 6 5 46%92B 5 4 5 647 5 6'47 5 1!47 5 64 5 7 5 4 5 7938.99B 5 EF/ 5 *89 5 475 4B749ABB4548975687545F5B75*8955789958B452392B5457 2846%262A84545*895 227454754%494754546%92B5(59454564756'4754B5677459B545648543445 453948%57452B4B4545!4B45B75645634545657B959B57945785659*845 4 5 6 5 46%92B 5 ( 5 6!264 5  5 B2334B 5  5  5 4 5 9B986 5 0 5 264 5 4 5 46%92B 5 E:4&8 3A$9B4585&94B8;45(56!2645<9B7956546%92B5(56!26459694958B4598456875 2&64 5 8% 5 4B977A47 5  4$ 5 647 5 6'47 5 78 5 64 5 6B 5 4 5 6 5 2B4B92B 5 4 5 45 6!4B92B5 1452B75!8B53B*845!4B92B545452B4B92B5AB977B545655475 6'4754758B5952&6'3458958*846572B52B2B7564754B749ABB751!47528*8295 54 5 34 5 7897 5 9B4774 5 ( 5 6 5 46%92B 5 2274 5 2334 5 43'4 5 ( 5 6!264 5  5 49B75 4B749ABB75145785453!5B2334B534B5(534527458B549B5B23&4545*84792B750 =>?

85@8!47845*8456546%92BA 85@84664546%92B5889659*845(56!264A 15@845488466452458%56'475A 15@8467572B5747544754B543475!4B977A45A 15@8467572B5747544754B54345!4B92B54B567745A 15@8!47845*8456!4B92BA5 #894 5 ( 5 47 5 *84792B7 5 54 5 34 5 7897 5 274 5 2334 5 2&639*84 5 0 5 4784 5 *84 5 65 46%92B5297458B453496648452845454B92B5456554756'4754B54 275475 7B4754546%92B54BB58B459954B56774A 497A246DACF24 328 5 2B4 5 ( 5 3 5 2&639*84 5 5!9 5  5 34B4 5 ( 5 4484 5 4 5 B23&487475 4 4 47 412347C55A2E62345DA234724A289B96CDE B!95B2334B5852B745*8!9654%979594B475234754546%92B5466475*845 6459B9BA582A'B4545# 86$56452A54574759B4752854B2456546%92B5945 41246A9CECE49F6D E24724!F86"

,4 5 9B9BA 5 82A'B45 45 # 86$5 475 8B45 3 24 5 45 46%92B 5 A62&645 684 5 (5 97457 2 48 9*845)664589697459B96434B56!828 B27451!4758B453 245 *89 5 9745 ( 5 69&4 5 64 5 27 5 4 5 747 5 4B792B7 5 9B 5 *84 5 6 5 2B794B4 5 74 5 2B4B4 5 78 5 6475 74B792B759B89475565264528564754B7475)66452324548%564758B5(59745 68457 2 48 9*845458B58452472BB5(56!4B977A45456546%92B5145 4B94 5 74 5 69B4 5 4B 5 6879487 5 4%4947 5 726699B 5 47 5 4%94B47 5 4 5 47B48 5 45  64858B52B464585C8545456547992B54754%94B47545 648585B948545 6!&234B 5 4545+ 48 58 5 B948 5 85 2B5 DB5687 5(59745 7 2 48 9*845 F>?

44 5 234 5 4 5 46%92B 5 34 5 743&64 5 48 5 294 5 B7 5 64 5 4 5 4 5 32B 5 2&54 5 45 4 4 4 #4124$D9 ,452A5783556!772992B5E)#3FE#578564857945485;459B954B54345 45&854545324B75)B5445645&85852A52B7974515(5;454B58B92B55457295457475 92B7545647584754572B54B92BB434B565#2B52&54959B6547515622&4B92B528B5 52*8969&4545&94B8;454B+BB5645462434B54562;45 839B5B75284756475 934B792B756 5 328 5 49B4 5 47 5 2&5497 5 64 5 2A 5 8969745 94747 54 B9*847 5 6947 5 8%5 278475(56547992B52854B245(5652B4B92B51!4758B451597969B45249658B5 324545945434B52A957857295245(5652BB977B4545729545A4564574775 4565945*82994BB4545A454542845285457&9697458B55457B5E56565 4%97456879487569B972B7594B475852A5 149B7 5 8487 5 2274B 5 B2334B 5 47 5 3 247 5 4 5 46%92B 5 4B 5 67745 7!9B79B585  52A5992BB46545# 95. 47 523345.*898"8&95453415EF=5 6752274B59B79547579475!4%49475234BB5475278475*895745'4B5(58B5;45 9B58B5B93652858B5A65#462B5475848754752784754344B58%56'47545 9786974 5 6!B936 5 28 5 64 5 A6 5 8*846 5 96 5 47 5 7729 5 "4 5 687 5 474BB 5 8B 5 4745 !93A9B945454569&4547527847543494B5454B4564756'47534B6434B545 452974564854B92B5456!9BA92B54752B79AB475726947556578945)B56875475 27847 5 47 5 8487 5 2274B 5 A6434B 5 47 5 4%4947 5 78 5 6 5 47992B 5 78 5 65 2B4B92B5456597869792B5,4754%494757856547992B52B7974B5(544845475 328434B7 5 !9B7992B7 5 4 5 !4%992B7 5 B7 5 94747 5 79892B7 5 148% 5 78 5 65 2B4B92B524B5785654492B5456!892B5452875647574B7505284547572B75 93A9B4547593A47534B64752854B24574B95285428458B58352858B5A2G5,475 6'4759664B59B795648595!4B92B5AH45(56!425*8!4%9A454754%494754B5 4345!4B92B532859B956475848752274B54754%494754597869792B52B797B5 (534B4564756'475(59786974534B6434B58B4579892B5945(56!2654B543B56475 48% 5.*898"8&95 4 5341 2EF=5 974B5 *845287 547 54%4947 5 23&9B7 58B45 2975 986977543494B5!3692456!4B92B545652B4B92B54756'475454534B45

9434B 5 64 5 634 5 B7 5 6 5 6774 5 67 5 43494B 5 4 5 939B84 5 647 5 A992B7 5 4B5 4BB58%56'475(53948%53+9745648753292B75459B795458B569354567745 687529458%54B977A475,!6'45462495B2334B58B453496648452B9B45 4B572958595!8B453496648452BB977B454572B5275 %4194A289B96CDE496C&2 .2B54B92B57!475A6434B5294B457856546%92B5945455645AB5 387994B5.4625497455C27D95EF5 4$564754BB754B52B4%4572694545(565 3972B5,546%92B59459456!9B9985*895659*845(54284572B563459B9485 5475A474757936475(59545654492B547574B792B754545622&7492B54575 47992B 5 #462B 5 C27D9 5 EF 5 44 5 46%92B 5 2B7974 5 ( 5 154B4 5 ( 5 4B45 2B794B454574754B792B753878694756545154B45(5647546H 452852&4B958B56875 AB5634534B6565)664547594594556!9B99854752B7334B57266995B75445 974 5 4 5 2B794B4 5 )B 5 44 5 72B 5 499 5 794 5 B7 5 156 5 974 5 4 5 2B794B4 5 475 74B792B7 5 22*847 5  5 8B 5 328434B 5 28 5 &94B 5 2847 5 627 5 47 5 7*84B475 !9332&9695654&697475'75 *8457B45EC27D95F5657!A95!;454B95(545 *8456!2B54774B5!;452B794B545747574B792B75454545*8456!2B59545B2B56875!A9545 3B9'458239*845C27D95EF5227452B5=I57B4752A47794754546%92B5 94 5 2B79847 5 4 5 I 5 497 5 4%4947 5 97 5 ( 5 6 5 24 5 4 5 287 5 ,4 5 2A334 5 45 46%92B5*8!965227454752A47795B75653478452J564543754757B4758A34B45 2A4779434B545I539B8475(5?539B84752858562BA5456!BB45657!A954534B458B45 7B45 *8455285*82994BB434B5454B4564539B5544523454546%92B5 B4779458B459745452B794B45*895485+45999645(52&4B9 579564756'47572B5 A97545(5&285,546%92B59459455C27D95EF5A952B568754B54B92B5 456!A992B545!8B53B*845!4B92B5,4754%494752277572B59475457!4484B5 729 5 4&28 5 7797 5 28 5 4B24 5 662BA 5 ,27 5 4 5 47 5 4%4947 5 647 5 6'47 5 72B 5 9B97 5 (5 4484 5 947 5 328434B7 5 4 5 647 5 94B47 5 947 5 8 5 27 5 ( 5 2B4 5 45 2B45947475947585275(54B452B794B454752B7545648527545 6!4%948 5 4 5 ( 5 24 5 4B92B 5 ( 5 648 5 47992B 5 4 5 ( 5 7 5 6269792B 5 ( 5 47 5 475 328434B75!9B7992B545!4%992B53285 *8454%494564756'47572B534B75(5 2454B92B5(545*8!96754774B4B58%574B792B7528947545(564754&69745565 K>?

78945C27D95EF59745*84 548%5*8956!2B54%934B45 4$564756'4752B52B75 8B4 5 369292B 5 47 5 *8697 5 !284 5 !4B92B 5 4 5 4 5 972B9&969 5 47 5 6'47 5 8B45 3496648459745452B794B45857 35224659B795*8!8B45369292B545654692B5 3+486'45458B54B2434B545652 792B585A284567745C27D95EF52B685*845 6546%92B59454758B45159&645892B5456!4B92B565 <9B79564759475848759756875 857!24B5285945*8456546%92B55475 447 5 4B 5 434 5 !4B92B 5 4 5 4 5 2B4B92B 5 *8!4664 5 434 5 8% 5 6'47 5 !;4 5 6875 4B975452B5687549758%52B79AB4757269475<54758B596578564527545 6!4B92B 5 647 5 6'47 5 72B 5 329B7 5 A97 5 4 5 687 5 4B87 5 ,4 5 693 5 4 5 96 5 743&645 3496648564756'47574574B4B53948%5454BB4B5B754534966484752B992B75 '419AD24EDED8DCF242643$D(EDED8DCF2 ,4754475456546%92B57856!4B92B5456875AB6434B578564754B977A475 484B5;45897585475456!2 45 B23B262A9*8453975A6434B57 28  B23B262A9*845 )B 5 44 565  B23B262A945 154B97A45 B2453B9'45 !;45 46958 532B45 5 B245275456! &94545!A95(5475689565EC5L84545345F==51!4758B5 375*8955 59B7855L87746545*8957!9B47745(565*84792B5456!4%94B45845*8!46645 4 45 (5B6745B7575B845439'45(547564578545*8956!58454B5477287545284756475 2B7892B7 5  29*847 5 *84 5 6!2B 5 2BB9 5 78 5 64 5 27 5 4 5 72B 5 2B92BB434B 5 "B7 5 45  37 5 64 5 27 5 4 5 6!479 5 72B 5 9B97729&647 5 4 5 72B 5 287 5 647 5 48% 5 4BAA7 5 B75 6!4%94B4 5 <9B79 5 6!4%94B4 5 47 5 4664 5 !8B 5 7854 5 *89 5 6!284 5 4664 5 47 5 2B5 78&549434B 5 84 5 4 5 4664 5 774 5  5 64 5 27 5 ,!4%94B4 5 224664 5 743&64 5 2B5 9B97729&6458585!8B59B99851466489547578&54945546645475245(5 8B545 B!47 5 2B 5 4779&64 5 *84 5 8 5 7854 5 - 5 8 5 B948 5 4 5 6 5 46%92B 5 647 5 6'47 5 94B5 449434B58B454%94B4545934B792B52246645)B5445(54756546%92B56475 6'47 5 72B 5 34B7 5 ( 5 4484 5 47 5 328434B7 5 4 5 648 5 27 5 28 5 4B24 5 ( 5 245 4B92B57854689895,47574B792B75*8!96754774B4B56275456546%92B572B5B2334B5 85239B458578&5495 I>?

1!47 5 28*829 5 54 5 34 5 7897 5 A6434B 5 9B477 5 ( 5 6!2 4 5 7 28  B23B262A9*845*8954758B4597969B45*895556&245535M4347 5EF==5285 2&4B958B453 245454 4 45434B56!'75(56!4%94B4578&54945452B5(545 *89 5 + 5 8 5 7854 5 6 5  5 462 5 8B 5 2896 5 6!4B494B 5 !4%69992B 5 *89 5 434 5 45 484966954759B2392B7578&54947578564585!8B578545(547565397454B5292B5 4 5 6 5 4&69792B 5 4 5 468989 5 78 5 8B4 5 4%94B4 5 84 5 799*84 5<9B79 5 6 5 7 28  B23B262A94 5 74 5 2 4 5 47 5 2B47 5 4B 5  B23B262A94 5 B7 5 64 5 74B7 5 2J 5 46645 7!9B47745 A6434B 5 ( 5 6!4%94B4 5 84 5 !8B 5 7854 5 )664 5 7!9B4774 5 B2B 5 7486434B 5 85 29B5458454B5439'45472BB453975877958529B5458454B52979'345472BB451445 2 4 5  4 4 5 B2334B 5 ( 5 94 5 24 5 8B 5 4A 5 64%9 5 78 5 647 5 4%94B475 224664758578545 2745*8456!2B5B4595539754B5437529B945M4347 5EF==5 4%69*84 5 *84 5 4 5 *89 5 B!47 5 7 5 2B794B 5 627 5 4 5 6!4%94B4 5 48 5 64 5 44B95 2749434B 5 5 <9B79 5 4B 5 2B 5 4 5 *8!96 5 4664 5 8B 5 156 977434B56 5 785 6!4%94B452246645845B2334B5(54756!4B494B5!4%69992B564578545745 B75652779&96954594544B954752BB475*8!965B!95752B794B45!;452B794B5 853234B5456!4%94B454528564754%629454B5845453948%57452BB+45M4347 5 7!47 5 !966487 5 9B79 5 4 5 6 5  294 5 4 5 6 5 974 5 4 5 2B794B4 5 4 5 39A4 5 ,45 156 977434B565475B2334B565439'454545659745452B794B4565485;45 4B 5 ( 5 8B 5 3929 5 2J 5 64 5 7854 5 47 5 34B 5 ( 5 74 5 29 5 4B 5 9B 5 45 94 5 6!92B 5<9B795 6!4B494B 5 !4%69992B 5 48 5 7!4 5 9B477B 5 4 5 647 5 6'47 5 78 5 647 5 4%4947 5 45 46%92B55596548564854344545152B794B97456545*8!96752B56275454753234B75 627*8!967 5 24B 5 4B92B 5 78 5 48% 5 149 5 48 5 648 5 4344 5  5 6 5 7894 5 4 5 3948% 5 745 2BB+4545!587456485232434B564854B92B55657894 412BAC2E24DADA2882 N54756546%92B564756'4752B59B795;4534B75(54429547574B792B75 (54B452B794B45456485275(52456!4B92B578545*8!96754774B4B5627*8456485 27 5 475 9332&964 5 28 5 4B 5 328434B 5 )B 5 44 5 4BB 5 647 5 7B47 54 5 46%92B 5 6475 6'47594B58B454%94B4545934B792B52246645675594B5648754774B975*895 2B5 647 5 34B4 5 ( 5 47 5 2BB977B47 5 B2846647 5 78 5 48% 5<9B795 6 5 46%92B 5 34 5 4B 5 5485 6!4%94B4 5 224664 5 - 5 6!4%94B4 5 224664 5 72869AB4 5 647 5 694B7 5 *89 5 4%974B 5 4B45 O>?

92B754492B753292B75454B74512334596555856875 85!4756!4%94B45 !8B578545*8956!2845-B548529562758B5694B52954B45275454795)B5A977B5 78 5 64 5 27 5 96 5 47 5 2779&64 5 !A9 5 78 5 6!479 5 4 5 94847 5<9B79 5 B7 5 64 5 4 5 475 4%494754546%92B54B534BB564756'475(59458B454%94B452246645B2846645 96754BB4B5(52454B92B578548%514454B977A4548562757!4B454B54 275 4753234B754546%92B5434B59B7958%56'475!5874564875232434B755 657894 )419662E6CDE "B75645454532B52&545!8455!95B2334B5534B45(59B956!4B92B5 <9B79 5 6!4B92B 5 47 5 8B 5  B23'B4 5 2364%4 5 69 5 ( 5 6 5 2B794B4 5M4347 5 EFK 5 5 23548%52 475456!4B92B5056!2 45 B23B262A9*84545L877465*895745 6458529B5458454565439'45472BB45452B5*8954758B452 4578&5494545 6!4B92B54546645475794B4754%934B64754B57 262A945*89574564568758529B5 4584545652979'345472BB45452B5*895474B458B452 4568752&5494545 6!4B92B5N547544523972B5M4347 5EFK55852B7458B4594B4585 78 5  29*84 5 4 5 6!4B92B 5 )B 5 44 5 7462B 5 L87746 5 6!4B92B 5 47 5 4 5 *89 5 32864 5 65 2B794B45!4758B45329992B59B4B92BB466458B453892B5*895445652B794B45 3285;454P84596585*8!9655958B5 BA434B5)6645277'45B2334B58B452B92B5 649458B452B92B5454B45<9B795657884545652B794B457462B5L877465475 9945Q285!&259655545*8!9654664565974515B29*84565*8952472B5(56!45 1466489 5 48 5 4B4 5 48% 5 2347 5 )B 5 44 5 96 5  5  5 28 5 !&2 5 4 5 *89 5 47 5 43*85 !478(894545*8954753234BB34B57966B5897545*8954752558B59B;5389759655 565974515B239*84565*8952472B5(545*89547597556!45452B5*8954B294585 2B4B8532859B959655565974515A29*845654B2B5(565986958579BA8694585 78545*89597456452B4B85986945<9B7952B5485945*845652B794B45475788455 8B5464578545*8959745(54758B5458B52B4B85986945 39A45(547575 294545659745452B794B457!475A6434B54B 5785 6!B6745475328434B7545475475456!4B92B5EM4347 5FK5654B547595(5 6!945*8456597454B92BB46645475285!&2599A45475659 94547545*895475645 />?

687594B58578545452B578545*89547564568757966B589754664547599A4547545*895 47568754B65897528545*8!96555828

)B 5 7 262A94 5 4%934B64 5 4 5 4B 5 B482 79262A94 5 M4347 5 EFK 5 5 B2334B 5 9 5 647 5 297 5 78847 5 *89 5 994B 5 ( 5 6!4B92B 5 , 5 439'4 5 47 5 65 9A96B4 5 *89 5 2472B 5 ( 5 6! 5 !496 5 8 5 32B4 5 ( 5 6!9B492B 5 4 5 64 5 32B4 5 ,5 48%9'34578845*8959945(56!4B92B54756!294B92B5)B5445B756454545 44 5 7884 5 6!4B92B 5 48 5 4B24 5 ( 5 8B4 5 2B74 5 ( 5 47 5 '47 5 B2848% 5 285 9B477B7532859B95654B9'457884599B5(56!4B92B5728756!2 454565 7 262A94 5 4%934B64 5 4 5 4 5 6 5 B482 79262A94 5 47 5 6!4B92B 5 262B94 5 285 2B794B4 5 6 5 7!A9 5 4 5 6!4B92B 5 *89 5 47 5 99A4 5 47 5 8B 5 9B; 5 2B794B 5 "B7 5 445 2B492B57486456!4B92B52B794B45485;45397454B54692B545652B492B545 6!4B92B54B5 B23B262A9458456875 8 <9B7954754 4 4753!2B543975!3445475 2 '7475*8B58%544754565 46%92B57856!4B92B54756'475(56!2645)B544562754754%494754546%92B54B5 4345!4B92B596558958B45329992B5B756!9954B92BB466454756'47585 B948545659745B29*845452B5456!45,546%92B5434954528B45459&645 6!4B92B 5 47 5 6'47 5 47 5 648 5 27 5 4 5 647 5 74B792B7 5 28947 5 ( 5 6!9B948 5 ( 5 6!5 9332&96452854B5328434B54B9BB59B7958B453496648452BB977B45!48%545456485 7 3522465)664543495!974564756'4754B597B56485275455653;345 2792B5453948%54B45457284B9564854B92B556578945297B545349664875 4B977A475 4*6D7D8DC2 328599453475 2 '7475545789954BB58B458454529757439B4758B45 67745!6'475HA75!4B92B5/5B75!8B452645&46A454568759869'434B548%56'475 B5475998675!4B92B54B567745(54758B458454575B453'B495(59545 6548%9'3457439B454754%494754546%92B5(5 *8454B454B567745456!4B743&645 47 5 6'47 5 366'6434B 5 8% 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 54 5 48496649 5 47 5 2BB47 5 45 >?

94B475B8475785647548%56'475*8455!89576492BB7559B545282952B7456475 4B846754475456546%92B578564756'475459945285B2B53475 2 '747 4!826CDE472343F+263479E3482497A2472486F72472493 Q285!&255!9595!8945645754548%56'47574BB5475998675 !4B92B 5 4 5 47 5 232434B7 5 !A992B 5 4B 5 6774 5 9B 5 4 5 2829 5 2B74 5 79 5 65 46%92B55475447578548%578564875232434B7545785648595!4B92B54B5 677456275!8B4599569745'758B53234B54546%92B5 <9B 5 4 5 2829 5 76492BB4 5 8 5 3948% 5 47 5 48% 5 6'47 5 32B 5 4394 5 96 5 5 2B797 5 ( 5 2&744 5 647 5 6'47 5 4B 5 6774 5 28 5 94B994 5 48% 5 74BB 5 47 5 998675 !4B92B545B5475232434B75!A992B5)B544562754565439'457439B45 5!9569758B4515492B5654756'47578749&6475!295475998675!4B92B545 2B4B92B54B5677454B53!8B57858B4547992B5A62&645456485232434B54B5 6774562754759975144547992B5295B2334B5785475232434B75B2B5 4&8%54675*8456!294B92B5854A56475328434B75475&7547553&4752854B24565 2784578565 9745*895484B5;4564875!8B4599865(539B4B956!4B92B5 1475232434B75484B5;45B23&48%52334554%436454A457284B59664875 &28A45A9A245&4828578575 97452854B24552845457475947 <9B795B7565677452&74455!95852B745*845687948756'47574B94B5 47 5 99867 5 4B 5 434 5 !4B92B 5 )B 5 44 5 967 5 94B 5 4BB4 5 ( 5 74 5 69774 5 97945 96434B545(57!A9457856485 9745,!4B749ABB45647544B95687948752975B7565 528B452852&4B9564563454564854B92B5328532B584545755!952B59545  2979 5 8B 5 AP2B 5 F 5 4 5 8B4 5 9664 5 R 5 39 5 647 5 6'47 5 '7 5 8B4 5 2&7492B 5 475 232434B75454754B94758B594747599752852954752BB4757856475 48% 574%475 B!95 2B5  29795 6!6'45F5 5 965 95 4BB45(5;4596434B5979 5 965 A9A2957284B578575 9745965695A869'434B545752979B4596552895457475 94759654A959664875B7564594545B4578995754B567745"453;3455!95 29795 6!6'45R556275475997546645A9A29587795&4828578575 974546645B457454B95 7524434B545 BA4957284B54527992B5466456957284B54572B52979B5 S>?

5289 5 4 5 747 5 947 5 4 5 4A9 5 966487 5 147 5 48% 5 6'47 5 94B 5 B2334B 5 45 38975786757269475*895484B5;456975(564875232434B754B5677456B5 475998675(57284B956!4B92B5 3565789459B545282952B45(5352&639*845456945285B2B53475 2 '747554548496649594B4752BB4752858562BA547529757439B47578547548%5 6'47514752BB475742B545B84594B4 '412347DEE234723AC6C&23 <9B795B756454545354 4 458B5647529757439B47545789955452345 26454752BB47545B845479945785647548%56'475 297975)B54455452345 264 5 47 5 47992B7 5 9B47 5 47 5 232434B7 5 47 5 48% 5 6'47 5 8B 5 47 5 9975 697475B565397454B56454753234B754546%92B5458B54759975697475 '754753234B754546%92B5<9B7955!2&74495647548%56'4754BB5652B79AB45 89754BB56!995,275456!995647547992B75742B528475B756454375 729 5 2847 5 647 5 = 5 39B847 5 9B 5 4 5 2829 5 2B74 5 8B4 5 4B84664 5 329992B 5 475 232434B75B756454375852875456!99559B45297548496694754752BB475345 4342B59B795452829523456475232434B7547548%56'4754B567745B5 4 5 '7 5 647 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 4 5 !2&744 5 !4B8467 5  BA434B75 232434B8%5*8952894B5;4569758%54%494754546%92B 412342E6A26C2E3472B8CC696CDE ,2754547529757439B47566'6434B58%594B753234B75!2&7492B5545 26644958B584545452BB454B5845452B45(5352&639*845657!A9545 2BB47578&5494754849669475(56!945!8B5289659869450556!4B494B5!4%69992B55 5M4347 5 EF==585 6875 8 51!4758B5 28965*8954345 !23AB45 *846*8!8B5 B7 5 65 479892B 5 45 4 5 *8!96 5 5 8 5 45 6!34B4 5 (5 4484 58B 5 428 5 64%9 5 78 5 8B5 3234B5799*845*8!9655854B58454568952454759B2392B75785689565B457!A95 75!9B894564752B747585785453975456!23AB45B7572B5292B5B756539745 4B 5 327 5 !8B4 5 4%94B4 5 *8!96 5  5 84 5 9 5 96 5 2B7974 5 ( 5 34B4 5 6!6'4 5 ( 5 28B4 5 72B5 =>?

4B92B54758B53234B57758B53234B57995*89524572957858B459954B5 6774572957858B53234B54546%92B5*8!965858565745627534B5(542845475 3234B7545(564754&69745328545945233456459745M4347 5EF=59652B94B5 45458B56935452B9B459869454564578545B2334B5565397454B5645 !8B 5 4 5 2B262A9*84 5 6 5 7!A9 5 !29 5 6!2 5 4 5 6 5 472BB4 5 2B4B4 5 4 5 4 5 6895 34B92BB45*8!466454857!;45*8B5466456457945"456875965475932B545B4575 2454558A434B545B45752BB4572B597578545*84565472BB4595454547445 64 5 9B94 5 4 5 2B94B969 5 E4B 5  BA4B 5 72B 5 B23 5  5 4%4364 5 )B24 5 6475 238692B7572B5932B475B756!4B494B5!4%69992B552B9434B5(5!8475 2347 5 !4B494B 5 468989 5 2B7974 5 ( 5 23AB4 5 64 5 7854 5 B7 5 747 5 227 5 B75 6!292B5!8B454%94B4584532852334B459652B94B5452386458B45 745 85450515545452274579585475!254544B957858B53234B52J56565475932B5 *84 5 64 5 46 5 729 5 2B4%8697 5 78 5 8B 5 3234B 5 799 5 <9B79 5 B7 5 6!4B494B5 !4%69992B 5 !47 5 64 5 7854 5 *89 5 64 5 *89 5 7!4%934 5 69&434B 5 78 5 8B 5 3234B 5 4B5 986945146895*8954B*8;45284564578545456!945(54B454B5292B5657!A95285 6895 4 5 B45 7 5 9B684B4 5 64 5 78545 B7 5 72B 5 46 5 45 B45 7 5 58A4 5 747 5 227 5 397 5 45 6!284545689532B45*8!9656!28454B5B545*8!9659545456!34B45(5745433245 8B53234B5233457!965645499 <9B79 5 647 5 2BB47 5 484966947 5 627 5 47 5 4B494B7 5 !4%69992B 5 34B7 5 4 5 6475 6'47 5R545F5484B57!45;454752BB475'7 59B477B47 5B75645454535 4 4 45)B5445466475484B53454344545234B4545*845956!6'4562754565 7792B5452B79AB45456275456!995B545'7564754%494754546%92B5)66475 484B53454344545234B4545*8!96595*8B59654754B95285B2B52854B24545 729545*8!9654774B562754754%494754546%92B545785*829574528B4572B54B92B5 6275454754%49475)66475484B5A6434B543445(56!6'45454B452B794B4545 45*8!965954BB547594B753234B75 328539699745647548%56'475*845545789954BB529757439B4756275!8B45 845457569B9*845(545A4B45!4B494B55!448495'7565439'457439B45'75 254754B754754B494B75!4%69992B54548%5675242B57854759975 6974754B5677452J54756'4752B548585365(57452B4B45(5;454B9545785475 ==>?

99752J52857!475&94B5775B4594B95(5647534B45(59&6454753234B75(57456475 43324545(594545*8!9657!47577528548%514754394754B494B754342B52B5 45396997454756'475(54528965986945)B5445965B!475757959645!34B456475 6'475(57454332458B53234B58545!4B5645675B!2B5!9664875756! &9845 !4484545A4B45!995"4568759675B453452BB9774B575452B5475439475 4B494B754342B545458B56935452B9B454B4548%5453295454564759459B795 ( 5 4B4 5 687 5 96434B 5 B7 5 6!292B 5 1!47 5 28*829 5 96 5 34 5 743&64 5 932B 5 45 69745'7565439'457439B454754B494B75!4%69992B54548%5148%895484B5 A6434B53454344545234B4545*8452B54756'4756275475997545*8!9675 2B5*8B5967572B54B975285B2B 356578945647584754B494B75242B57854753234B754546%92B545785475 99754B567745345434B59B795!2&4B954752BB47578&54947578564756'475 64854774B95978(89754757B4754546%92B5454B8466434B545282952&74456475 4B8466475329992B75*8957!2'4B54B54345!4B92B54B567745 Q287564754B494B75*8455453'B495742B544875B758B529B56345454B4A9775 285;454B7955959B5*84554589774556578945B674564752BB47578&549475 2&4B8475 )41234AD7F6CDE3472348 &23 9B 5 84 5 4 5 4 5 2BB4 5 745 4849669 5 B7 5 64 5 4 5 45 32B 5 7854 5 )B 5 44 5 965 743&6459B477B54574528B4547564752892B754756'475627547599754B567745 45B2334B54B57BP975454B5. 39*84759B545282954B8466434B52B745 475329992B7585B9485475423B4754756'47514652B797495(57454B 45785 647 5 2892B7 5 47 5 48% 5 6'47 5 4 5 6!84 5 4 5 7 5 B 5 4 5 '7 5 6 5 3974 5 4B 5 64 5 475 4%494754546%92B52852B7458B54B8465 BA434B5B756475423B47545 4756'47528B5;4539754B5694B5458B453496648454B92B545648554B567745 2&4B845AH458%54%494754546%92B =F>?

Q28475 74752BB475 8B452975 4849669475742B5B67475 565789454B 5845 45 2B45(5352&639*84 , 4 4412342B2AC234724A289B96CDE4 4 <9B795B756454545354 4 45545975;4534B45(59*8454754%49475 4546%92B54564756'475(595456548%9'3457439B45454BB548%57439B475 9B545282952B45(5352&639*845456945285B2B53475 2 '7475<9B545 282956475448456453948%52779&6455!95B2334B59*8564754%494754546%92B5 78 5 329 5 2334 5 64 5 2B974 5 C27D 5 EF 5 149 5 3! 5 4397 5 4 5 3!294 5 6875 22B34B564754%494754546%92B5456475234B454545282959B7953453445 (5656454756'475 32856974534754%494754546%92B5545345789759B79454548%5227755 687948758487523345C27D5EF576D5453415EF52854B245.*898"8&9545341 2 EF=5,4754%494754546%92B5*8455!95 297975484B57452327454B568794875 A29475 1 Q285!&259655564754%494752B57856!2845055 9B5439454%49452B79745(543B458%56'475454345647548%545!2845 45*8957457745B756485275!2845648547992B589752A4779434B5!284545 *8957457745B75656774589754 2754545B28485B75656774545B756485275,475 6'47572B534B7556578945(54&6974545*8!96752B54B4B851454954%49454345 4B4584545462456!28456!4B92B545!974564756'4754B5648543BB545 9%4564854B92B5785475 274754756948%597 9B 5 84 5 4%494 5 2B7974 5 ( 5 B2848 5 (5 434 5 647 5 48% 5 4 5 ( 5 284 5 47 5 &8975 697754594B752&5475E94529775657625(5&966454B5845456475945B75 6!245565789451454%49454345A6434B545462456!4B92B54756'4755 468989564753'B45(59%4564854B92B57858B4528458B5&89598694 =?>?

1 389759655564754%494754597869792B505

6752B7974B5(54345647548%545(528456!4B749ABB5146898953'B4564756'475(5 7!93A9B45(56534554%436454B59B545BA4545945475 H48%5457&6454574B95 64 5 7&64 5 7287 5 647 5 947 5 64 5 726496 5 78 5 6 5 48 5 4 5 !284 5 64 5 &89 5 47 5 A847 5 -B 5 485 93A9B456453;345A4B45!4%49452B57856532BAB4564559B52852858454B295 A&64528564756'47565475932B5*84564756'47594B528528758B4554569&45 B75645454545A4B45!4%49459B5!9456475&62A475<9B795965475&64545 64859745B56!4%4945*8!9675484B5329945475634B75*895B4564852B94BB4B5 7514545!4%49454345B2334B5!974564756'4754B54B7B5(5475 27475 A&64754B5B5454B59%B564854B92B578547593A47534B647 1 "!84754%4947524B57856547992B505 ,!8B5!48%52B79745(543B458%56'475454345647548%545452454B92B5 (5648547992B57B7565245,547992B57!448455645B4$565&28 454345,475 6'47 5 72B 5 34B7 5 ( 5 24 5 4B92B 5 ( 5 4 5 *89 5 74 5 774 5 8 5 B948 5 4 5 648 5 B4$ 5 38975 6!4B749ABB 5 43B4 5 8% 5 6'47 5 4 5 94 5 4 5 AB47 5 9B7992B7 5 897 5 4 5 AB475 4%992B75454574B9545*8957457745B756485275)B2458B45297564756'47572B5 34B75(59%4564854B92B5445297895785648547992B545(54B452B794B4545 4664895 3565789452B548543B458%56'4754527456539B57856454B45785645  2% 5 28 5 4B24 5 7287 5 647 5 97746647 5 4 5 4 5 24 5 4B92B 5 ( 5 4 5 *89 5 74 5 774 5 *8B 5 9675 4794B5,!4B92B547562752457856547992B5(56!9B94858527 1 32859B959655564754%494752B578564527505 9B54754%494752B79745(54345647548%5(5274565;457856475&7545(5245 4B92B 58%594B475947 5852754B52B5456!4%948 514454B92B 5475 A894556!4B749ABB56548543B454574B956452B5475947545645726546895 47539B754565&6454546895852794854565 974565485A6434B543B45 =K>?

8%56'47545745945628585B9485475$2B4752B4B475,4756'4754BB4B59B795(5 2454B92B578564852754572B52B5456!4%9485 9B58454%49452B79745(543B458%56'475452B458B4594585275 45452454B92B5(545*8!96754774B4B538975967572B534B75(546H 454545B28485(5 2454B92B5(545*8!96754774B4B5B7564852753565789456!4%4945485245785 !8475947585275654857!A95475&758527948547553&47547539B75285 4B24547524967514754%494754344B54569&4564754B792B7574B475B75645275 !9745645275452B56!6'45654345A6434B5(56!6'45454624572B54B92B5 4B5652B578545*8!9654774B5B7572B527562754752B92B754547546H 434B75 <9B79547549754%494754546%92B52B55 297975B75645&854546245 6!4B92B 5 47 56'47 54B 5659%B5 785 475 634B75 97 5459B 5 !34B4 5647 5 6'47 5(5 448458B5965785648527545(52454B92B578546898956! 2 '745B5*8!4B5 966B 5 78 5 64 5 27 5 4 5 4B 5 2B 5 4B92B 5 78 5 468989 5 96 5  5 8 5 8B4 5 329992B5 2AB99454B92BB46645<9B79564756'475742B5687597755657894564854B92B5 745349664845452B564754B977A47587795 ,4754%494754546%92B582B52B569485(595456548%9'3457439B4545 78995'75 *8454B454B56774545B5657792B545652B79AB45456!9955 !4757284B5(54753234B786(5*84564756'47572B564756875A975452B578749&647545B45 75;454B97556752B79742B54B58B4579454549754%49475!8B45845264545I5 39B847585&85897545=539B847556578945B!95 29795!566452A4779434B5285 &984564756'475(5475B2848%549754%49475*895484B5743&6454647528548%585 &8 5 147 5 4%4947 5 7!44842B 5 4B 5 6774 5 729 5 4&28 5 7297 5 7797 5 78 5 647 5  9747 5N5  *84529755!66834958B45&28A94528579AB645*8456453234B54546%92B52334B45 <9B79 5 28 5 8 5 62BA 5 47 5 48% 5 7439B47 5 647 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 742B 5 97 5 45 494B2B58B598465(5 *8454B454B56774 =I>?

4-2F2C842649E98$323472347DEE23 4.A9EC396CDE47F4A2F2C8472347DEE23 B!9 5 2B 5  2979 5 48% 5 6'47 5 4 5 6 5 6774 5 R 5 4 5 F 5 *84 5 5!9 5 7899 5 4BB 5 2975 7439B475B!952334B534754%494754546%92B5(56548%9'3457439B45144BB585 6948 5 4 5 647 5 6974 5 ( 5  *84 5 4B4 5 4B 5 6774 5 2334 5 54 5 6!97 5 8 5 5 54 5 647 5 34B975 A6434B5'75*84564756'47594B5'75A975459779759B5454284564563454565 7B95<9B795456!25456!4B749ABB45'75*84564756'475743&694B525A975545 4B97564756'475*846*847539B8475455!4489758B54954%49454546%92B54548%5 389756!4B749ABB4544B9572B5995B754534966484752B992B75457B75H645285 2&4B956456345B45789754B845(544845*846*84754B494B75!4%69992B5456475 48% 5 6'47 5 28 5 8 5 62BA 5 47 5 297 5 7439B47 5 4 5 5!9 5 A6434B 5 8 5 2&744 5 6485 232434B54B56774 '4E98$323472347DEE23 412347DEE234723AC6C&23 ,27547529757439B4755!952B5697547547992B759B475475232434B75 456!6'45R545456!6'45F58B54759975697475B564754%494754546%92B5 89758B5475997569747558745'754754%494754546%92B5 <9B7958B565439'457439B452J5965B!59575453234B754546%92B55!95 852B745*8456!6'45R5456!6'45F594B5475232434B7528B5;4564875 459986754B54345!4B92B5452B4B92B5)B54456275!8B45995697458B5 5489539B5(5S 5EBB4%45=52B558745'75654B454B5677455!95852&7445*845 6!6'4 5 R 5 9 5 8 5 36 5 ( 5 74 5 2B4B4 5 6 5 7!A9779 5 !8B4 5 99 5 4B 5 3 39*8475 2B797B 5 ( 5 4369 5 8B4 5 489664 5 232B 5 47 5 4%4947 5 4 5 9B47977434B 5 78 5 8B45 B292B55(5&2458B564757269475"8B5652B79AB455!95852&7445*8456!6'45 R5B!2895756!4B749ABB45*8!466454A959664875*8!46645A9A29578575 974545 *8!466456954572B52979B53565789456275456!99546645B!575;545A9A245 =O>?

78575 974545&28A457475947545528454572B52B52854B245456453H 2896645 Q2875475232434B75*89574572B53B947752858562BA545657439B4569774B54B745 *8456!6'45R55475998675(539B4B9572B54B92B5(547457&6456275!8B4599545 *8!46645485;4596434B597945 ,!6'4 5 F 5  5 A6434B 5 32B 5 47 5 232434B7 5 !A992B 5 '7 5 6 5 439'45 7439B45)B54456275!8B457B457856528445456!2645!842975*8952B79795(5 236458B4548966454B5266495EBB4%45K55!95852B745*8!965B!289575&48285 *8!96 5 5289 5 7284B 5 4 5 747 5 947 5 *8!96 5 69 5 4 5 7 5 2979B4 5 4 5 *8!96 5 A9A295 A869'434B 5 78 5 7 5  974 5 <9B79 5 2334 5 6!6'4 5 R 5 96 5 9 5 47 5 232434B75 48&4875!A992B59B897B54759986754B54345!4B92B "8B56548%9'3457439B4545652979'3457439B452J55!9559BA564754%4947545 46%92B 5 5!95 8 5 2&744 5 47 5 94B47 5 232434B647 5  4$5 47 5 48% 5 6'47 5 )B5 4456275475997569747558745'7564754%494754546%92B56475232434B75 !A992B54756'475R545F52B77562754565439'457439B4594B5329B75*84B75 )B54456275456548%9'3457439B458B58B459952664945*8957!475286458B5 5489 5 39B 5 '7 5 6 5 92B 5 2J 5 96 5 7!A9779 5 !284 5 8B4 5 97294 5 4 5 4 5 6 5 78345 EBB4%45F55!95852&7445*8456475232434B75456!6'45R59756875 87594B5 329B7574B75"8B5652B79AB45466457454B95&94B578575 974546645B45A9A29575 46645B4552895754574752B7545466454A956!4B749ABB45,275456!99546645 9995466454A9564756'475*8954B94B56526454564752895TB329B7545 64543755!95852&7445*8456!6'45R57!A99545B28485*8!466457454B954568754B56875 365*8!46645&28A49564759475*8!466454A959664875*8!466456954572B52979B5285 4B245*8!46645528954572B52B5<9B7956875657B45745286954568756!6'45R5 29 5 47 5 232434B7 5 48&487 5 !A992B 5 2334 5 48% 5 2&747 5 627 5 4 5 65 439'457439B45,275!8B458457B45453 39*8475*8957!47528645652979'345 7439B45EBB4%45?528528758B55489539B55!95A6434B5852&7445*8456!6'45R595 329B7 5 A945 627 5 45 65 2B79AB45 45 45 6!99 5 *8!4664 5 5289 5 329B7 5 4 5 747 5 9475 *8!4664 5 4A9 5 6!4B749ABB4 5 4%69*84 5 6 5 2B79AB4 5 4 5 *8!4664 5 9669 5 63434B5 144BB5233455456!952B756275456!9954B45858545(53478454565 7B456!6'45R542334BP9545B28485(57!A945(5&28A4564759475(5528454572B5

2B545(56454572B52979B5 B!9 5 8 5 2&744 5 64 5 3;34 5  B23'B4 5 4 5 6!6'4 5 F 5 4 5 *846*847 5 9B475 232434B6475)B54456275!8B459954B53 39*8475*8952B79795(544845 8B457945!4%49475459B47977434B5EBB4%45I55!95852&7445*8456!6'45F57454B95 3948%5*8!96595329B75A954568752B4B57856!995TB329B75858545(5347845 456!995233452856!6'45R55!958543*845*8!965954568754B56875A95*8!965 42334BP95(552845457475947545(5;459795545*8956!4B2895,275!8B45 8457B4585287545652979'3457439B45EBB4%45O55!95A6434B5852B745475  B23'B475<85&85456!9956!6'45F595687563452B4B5965B45A9A29575 96 5 9669 5 B7 5 4 5 &2BB47 5 2B992B7 5 897 5 8 5 8 5 4 5 ( 5 34784 5 4 5 6!99 5 6475 232434B752&747562754565439'457439B4572B58756552B545B28485 2334B5(5A9A24578575 974545(5528454574759475 6 5 743&649 5 2B 5 *84 5 647 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 94B 5 48 5 8B 5 44 5 78 5 6475 232434B754756'475R545F5)B54456475232434B75!A992B54548&92B5 4 5 47 5 6'47 5 2B77 5 627 5 4 5 6 5 439'4 5 7439B4 5 94B 5 329B7 5 74B7 5 627 5 475 997 5 69747 5 '7 5 647 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 8B 5 6 5 48%9'34 5 4 5 2979'345 7439B4 5 ,47 5 48% 5 6'47 5 94B 5 687 5 4B97 5 ( 5 4 5 *84 5 979 5 6!4B749ABB4 5 8B 5 65 2B79AB45967594B5687563475452B4B756275456!9956757453494B585965 68759434B54596757454B94B53948%545A9A294B5329B75<9B7952B54854B745*8456475 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 2B 5 4397 5 !974 5 64 5 27 5 47 5 48% 5 6'47 5 4B9BB 5 329B75 !A992B75 4$548%5458B453496648454B92B56275456!995 TB329B7545445743&64545284545845)B5445858545(5347845*845 6!9957!286456475232434B75!A992B56B58B53B*845!4B92B52&7475 7B7 5 647 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 9B9774B 5  5 +4 5 3488;4 5 *8!4 5 6875 !4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 67 5 B7 5 64 5 437 5 986977 5 ( 5 6!BB4 5 47 5 232434B75 9B994B 5  5 97+4 5 )B 5 44 5 545 B!95 48 5 *84 5 48% 5 7439B47 5 28 5 4%934B4 5 6475 4%494754546%92B54564756'475"456875965566858B549B54375285*8456475 6'47 5 4B4B 5 24434B 5 B7 5 647 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 <9B79 5 967 5 B!2B 5 7 5 485 &482854543752859*8454754%49475"2B52B548593A9B45*8!456454375 =>?

456875459*847564754475456546%92B57856475232434B754756'4757294B56875 8&647545*8456475232434B75!A992B59B9774B557!B84529597+45"45 687596574548587795*8!9655958B5845634B568752364%4585239B45456!94B9545 6!6'45*8959B494BB45)B5445488;45*8!96585A6434B54B454B523456!6'45 64 5 4B4 5 4B 5 234 5 B7 5 72B 5 74 5 4 5 7 5 9869 5 79BA869'4 5 6 5 74 5 48 5 *84 5 72B5 94B95396964552845A6434B58B546456574952B59B477B5!22B9564578545 B7564545!8B458454 4 4 #412342E6A26C2E3472B8CC696CDE B!95534B45(5697454754B494B75!4%69992B5456!6'45R545F528585 62BA547529757439B47578547599756974754B567745B56!9BA92B54754%49475 4546%92B57854757B4754546%92B545785475997569747558745'75475 7B47 5 4 5 46%92B 5 147 5 4B494B7 5 494B 5 34 5 4344 5 4 5 264 5 47 5 2BB475 78&54947578564756'4754545AA4545*8!96752B562754752B79AB47562754759975 697475B545'7564754%494754546%92B545627*8!967572B54B975675494B5 A6434B 5 4344 5 4 5 AA4 5 4 5 ( 5 *829 5 967 5 24B 5 4B92B 5 627 5 47 5 3234B7 5 45 46%92B54545*8!96752B54774B956275454753234B75<85B94854756'475(5 5475 6!292B54754B494B75494B5648543445B2334B5454B452B794B454545 *8!96759794B5627547594753234B752*87 5 <9B7954B5697B534754B494B75!4%69992B5456!6'45R545F554534578975 4B852345*8!96595'7599964545647534454B5292B5,56858543759675 345994B564759975*8!967594B59475)B5445(5687948754974756!6'45R53!5 2B59545*8!96566959450 2 15C4B52B559547562BA84875452B54956456475 94756475344524434B54B5 24554%436456475289675967594B575B756!245452B54956475&4548%5*895 94B575B756!245456275'75545797568752B549534454564752B752B5 49647534784545'752B54953*8456475 947565EBB4%45/ =S>?

2 515C4B54539B52B55668358B45&28A945452B55958B53234B5454B4452B5595 4754975A474756515-B5&28A49564758647545'752B5647546H 9565EBB4%45 <54754754%9752B54852B745*8456!6'45R5B!47575B756!292B53975*8!46645 B4595*845945645286434B54754%49475 5,!6'45F595A6434B54BB45(534594545P2B5A62&64545*8!96549594505 2 15-B54952629454B5454B528A45454B52BA454B545795!957G54528A457957!95 757G54B52BA45795!975757G565EBB4%45S 2 15-B55G5668345654945&28A9452B55G54345647548%53345466454B9572B5 &95466454B9572B5&95454664548 B45797568755)5627-B55G574456475477475 64456!8645A8 4545652945'756445647548%58647548 2B55G594545 6475&897452B5528565155C4B52B549528452B54953445647539B75785 647 5 48% 5 4 5 94 5 4 5 *8!96 5  5 9 5 B7 5 64 5 8 5 *8!96 5  5 9 5 47 5 &897 5 B7 5 645 8565EBB4%45= B!95A6434B58543*845*8454756'47594B585365(5745 4585A2845 6774545(56454B56485B235)B5445B7564754B494B75*8455!9534B4754547548%5 6'4755!95852B745*8!96757!4%9394B5656858543755152B5658569485451554565 14 5  B23'B4 5 9 5 687 5 ABB 5  4$ 5 6!6'4 5 R 5 397 5 96 5 74 5 4289 5 A6434B 5  4$5 6!6'4 5 F 5 "8B 5 347 5 4B494B7 5 5!9 5 2B 5 477 5 4 5 647 5 34B4 5 ( 5 64 5 !48% 5 6875 9734B 5 4 5 4 5 647 5 344 5 4B 5 292B 5 78 5 6!99 5  29794 5 4 5 *89 5  5 2B92BB 5 (5 49B7 5 3234B7 5 TB329B7 5 8 5 287 5 47 5 4B494B7 5  4$ 5 647 5 48% 5 6'47 5 64 5 152B565 44B952A4779434B5B75659787792B53;345'7534759B44B92B7597B5(56475 34B4 5 ( 5 64 5 687 5 9734B 5 !48% 5 - 5 7!4%934 5 4B 5 155456 5 627 5 !8B 5 4B494B5 !4%69992B54754774B94655!475645854565472BB45*8954754 4 5<9B7952B5485 4B745*845!475485;458B452345452492B54564855675B45728 994B5488;45 75345645!48%559675B453452BB97794B575774$5,456935452B9B454B4548%5 453295B!95488;4575774$5AB5<4568754543752B54854B745*845456935 452B9B4574953496648545*84564756'4759494B5(5345645!48%5145 B23'B45 F>?

48 5 A6434B 5 ;4 5 69 5 8 5 2369734 5 *84 5  9864 5 6!264 5 )B 5 44 5 647 5 6'47 5 B4 5 745 4P294B56875233458B59B9985397596757452B4B5B75645A284567745-56!4B494B5 !4%69992B54758B528965*895434545966456!94B956!8 4B995456!82B2394585 47 5 4 5 6 5 42BB977B4 5 4 5 4 5 *84 5 6!2B 5 9 5 ,4 5 96 5 78 5 6 5 264 5 4345 !82B23974564756'47 )B24562754754B494B755!958543*845*84564756'4753459794B545*8!8B5&2B5 6'4529594545B2B545*8!96759794B5934B505 15.505"!2539B4BB55!934975*84585452B4B4757856453234B52J5653+477455 2BB5652B79AB45433248295453234B569774544B95 R505-89 5647897111 .505)7845*8458548%53!4B564A R505C4B55!2897 .505)52334B5852897A5 R 5 0 5 C4B 5  5 5!2897 5 334 5 4 5 54 5 4A97 5 4B 5 329 5 4 5 48  5  5 5 B8694B 5 *895 3!B49 .505B8694B5965!B495 R505345*8!965;957545&28A45B752875647547 .505)54BB5*8!965A9A295*8!47845*845859797A R505B!289756 "B75454%95!8B54B494B54485456!6'45R54532983;345E.5EBB4%45/5 2B54852B745*8456!6'45R5934528456!4B749ABB4545*895B!9575645754B5 69 5 "4 5 687 5 4664 5 5284 5 *84 5 72B 5 34 5 6!43&;9 5 627 5 *8!( 5 4 5 3234B86( 5 9675 97894B5(5 48%5 1!475 3;345 46645*89595 4B35 65 9787792B 54572B5 345 ,!4B749ABB4 5 647 5 9 5 627 5 497 5  5 6 5 7894 5 9B 5 *8!967 5 ;4B 5 4 5 64 5 4 5 *8!9675 6!284B5<9B795B75454%436452B5485295*8456!6'45286957B752845&94B5+45 4B 5 329 5 4 5 3! 5 2B 5 9 5 4 5 *8!4664 5 4B79 5 *84 5 54 5 28697 5 4B4B4 5 *8!4664 5 2895 233458B456'4597969B4545*84572B53456!43&;9 F=>?

14954757B7528456958595*84564756'4752B5975(594545*8456!4B749ABB5 4854B4B4514654B2945(565B2369792B5(545*8954754B85,4756'4752B5975 6! &984 5 4 5 94 5 4 5 *84 5 6!4B749ABB 5 48 5 4B4B4 5 28 5 689 5 94 5 6979 5<9B79 5 !475 488;45285445972B5*8456!6'45R5954BB45(53459456475&2B75232434B75 6845*8!(534594545*8!466459795934B5145 B23'B4548527452&6'345B75645 4545354 4 4555!95 29795!896974564754B494B75!4%69992B528528295 234B4 5 4 5 *84 5 647 5 6'47 5 9794B 5 *8B 5 967 5 94B 5 4B97 5 28 5 B2B 5 4 5 4 5 *8!9675 4774B94B5<9B79579564756'475B453452B4B57579B'434B564752BB4754849669475 62754754B494B75484B5;45877475 )B2458B458459&645485488;454%69*84545 B23'B45)B54458B5 647 5 297 5 7439B47 5 54 5 B!9B44B97 5 7 5 *84 5 627 5 47 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 3975 5!9B44B97 5 A6434B 5 4B 5 B 5 *8!4B749ABB4 5 B7 5 64 5 4 5 4 5 *846*847 5 997 5 45 BP97 5 4 5 4 5 3 39*847 5 <9B79 5 647 5 6'47 5 3!2B 5 48 5 ;4 5 4P84 5 2334 5 8B45 4B749ABB4545*8954%69*849564595*8!96753!94B59545*8954754B8545B2B545*8!9675 94B595466434B5 32856694528754752&6'3475*8455!9585464455!952B547754564545 647548%56'4759B545458B5349664856935452B9B454548%5B!952B5975645 43754564856459B998466434B59B54564859745*845B75645454754B494B75 545B!9757564854B749ABB4545*845545B!975756(5285647558A452853;3456475B245*8!965 B!5957545&2BB475B954538974752B7475B!95A6434B55285*84564754B494B75 94B52B94B9467514459787792B5345743&6954774B94664559B78458B5&2B56935 452B9B45475932965285645&2B5286434B5!8B54B494B5!4%69992B51!47565 65!8B5&2B54B494B5!4%69992B5545B!475*8!4545&2B56935452B9B45*845 6!6'454857454332454597845!8B585472BB465 TB329B7 5 627 5 4 5 47 5 4B494B7 5 5!9 5 8 5 4644 5 *846*847 5 9B2392B75 9B477B475)B 544 5 5 6275!8B54B494B5 45 6!6'45F5 785 8B53234B545 46%92B5 EBB4%45=56!6'453!5654545*8!9654774B956275!8B54%49454546%92B50 15.505)5*8B585649756475&75*8!47845*8957457795(56!9B948545475&7A5 FF>?

F505U5979536 .505U5979536545'75*8!47845*84585497594A5<'752956456475&7A F505-B5495647546H 4 .505)5(5453234B56(5*8!47845*845854774B97A F505U597958B549548536 .505U59795*829A F5059B549548536 .5059B54954853654546H 412334B5P5459795365*8B58546H 975475&7A F505U59958975'75P5995687 .505U59956875452B5853234B52J5P59956875*8!47545*845854774B97A F505E94B .505)558745'75454954%4945454B452334B5854574B97A F505.948%56 <5475454%952B54852B745*8456!6'45(5254B92B578545*895745 7795B7572B5275627545652B92B54545652B92B5457475&75652895 475286487569475(5652B92B5655B2334B55285*845P599589755439B54B5 4%93B5*8!96574574B953948%5'756!4%4945<9B7953;345795565789456!6'45B!575 87795(54%93454B5*829596574574B953948%59656!5BB329B759351495743&64579AB9945 *8456!6'4554P858B45329992B54572B554B456!4%49454546%92B545'75 "2B 52B5 485 4B745*8456!4%494545 46%92B 54B5 966B5 785645275 543975 !34B458B549B597434B58B574B934B545&94B5;45 4$5689 "453;3456!6'45R55A6434B5854%934547574B792B75*8!466459528475 4B 5694B 5 45 6475 4%4947 54546%92B 5)B 5 44 5B7 58B 54B494B 5 785 8B5 3234B5 45 46%92B5EBB4%45=56275*8!46645345695853234B52J546645495&28A95647539B75 456475&754664555285*8!96515995475283975B75647539B7565<9B7956275456!4B494B5 6!6'45554B5347845!4%93458B4574B792B5*8!46645954P85B75747539B75#2B5 4B92B57!4752B54B 4578572B527 <9B795545B!95754856!2792B5!2&4B95&48285!9B2392B7578564756'47545 648585(547564754B494B75!4%69992B5)B544564756'475B!2B575466434B5 F?>?

87795(54B45B756!292B5B454B745*8!45687545437545!4B+B434B7545475 6'47 5 54 5 2897 5 94 5 ( 5 4 5 8B 5 693 5 4 5 2B9B4 5 294 5 ( 5 6!292B 5 4 5 4B5 4B45687578564756'475"4568756!4B494B5!4%69992B5*8954758B528965986945 452364%454754B245B284852853295452B5545B45277'45488;45754B24528475 647 5 946647 5 28 5 34B4 5 8B 5 &2B 5 4B494B 5 !4%69992B 5 4 5 34B4 5 8B 5 6'4 5 (5 4B4 5 4B5 292B5144BB55!95852&744549B75 B23'B475 4$564756'4758%*84675545 B!975754B75465*845468954565B2369792B5(545*8954754B852854B24546895545 652369792B5*89528774B564756'475(574544295B758B5A28456774545B2B56875 233458B59B9985147548%5 B23'B4752894B5B2334B59456!2&545!8B45845 4 4 45 )B54B 45 (5 475 64754B494B75!4%69992B 55!9585 2B74 5*845 6475 6'47594B585442958B4594B454B4564855B56546%92B545'75)B5 4456!6'45F574574B953948%5'7564754%494754546%92B5<9B7952B54854B745*8!(5 4756546%92B56459657856452754564595452454B92B578546898956475 6'47572B568759775454B875452B556578945B754534966484752B992B75285 2845652B79AB45456!995*89578954596645 %41234AD7F6CDE3472348 &23 B!95B2334B5852645*846*84752892B756974755647548%56'475B5 45'7564754%494754546%92B5EBB4%475==5=F5=?5=K5144BB5B452BB977B575 774$564756'475456485B9485545B!97575774$54548652852&7445(547564875 2892B7579564875423B47594B53496648475'754754%494754546%92B5"45 687564752892B75B45294B57578564753;34752BB977B475452B5965345743&695 9996454564752345<9B7955457897566453454B749AB458'754564854B749ABB459B5 4 5 729 5 79 5 4664 5 9 5 8 5 43*84 5 8B4 5 94B4 5 4B 5 434 5 4 5 423B4 5 B7 5 6475 2892B754547548%56'475789458%54%494754546%92B5)B5'A645AB645466455 852B745*8454756'475743&694B5233445329B75458475!9B4B92B569475(565 648454752B79AB4754B54B 459675233494B5*87934B58B5!44875*8457B75 64753234B754546%92B5<9B795647548%56'475743&64B568754B975(545*8!96752B5 '7564754%494754546%92B544BB5967523344B528528758B54584754B5 4345452BB977B4754545234B4751495475488;45G58595*84564754%49475 4546%92B5B!2B559*875*8454BB548%57439B47565745485*8!45687545 FK>?

9*8475454754%4947564752892B754756'475R545F57294B53496648475452B564875 423B47587795 ,!4B749ABB455BB329B752B7547594B4756275!8B45995B4779B5 6!2845)B5445B5*845545B4594BB456!4B749ABB459569758B45995828545 6!28454574756'475)66452B79795(528458B45 9729458975(52B4556578945(5 *846*8475*84792B75,47578675456!4B743&64545656774594B57748%5356578945 4664554956!4%494558745'7 58B53234B54546%92B 5*8455!95B93 5)664556275 2B758B45369292B5A62&645456!2845458B4534966484523 4B792B5456! 972945 (547564752892B75*84564756'4752B54B84752B5466475456!6'45R545F5)66455 A6434B543*85*84564756'475R545F59994B5687545439B94B568759434B5 648752892B75'7564754%494754546%92B5)B599B568754B5677454756'475 9B92B5545687596434B58%54B977A475452B55;456875423B75 56578945B2334B5(5475648752892B7 <9B7956453B*845452BB475B4534543457545AB69745785647544754565 46%92B578564752892B7547548%56'4755TB329B75965743&6495*84564754%49475 4546%92B594B543975(54756'4754596645B754534966484752B992B754B5B5 68754B975454B599B56875 /412347DEE234AC32343FA482E32082472489489332 ,2754532B5484965452BB4755!!95A6434B52&7456!4B743&6454756'475455!95 852B745*8456546%92B5954858B593578548%587795 Q285!&25*8B 55!95697564754%494754546%92B 528565439'452975 4564756'4755!95852&7445*8456535295!4B4548%5745;95855485'75645545 *8457486458B459&64539B295!6'475B454B957558%54%49475B45B4564759575 27556546%92B5B45485;454945*845795466454754455645785456585*8!965 9 5 4B94 5 4 5 64 5 94 5 79B2B 5 4664 5 B! 5 7 5 !9B; 5 3 5 6 5 7894 5 44 5 39B29 5  5 9B9 5 5 7!9BA45B7564754%494754546%92B545P2B5B84664545(554B45A2G5<9B795 6!4B743&64545656774559958%54%494754546%92B5*8455!9534B7 FI>?

B!95!9664875852B745*84564756'47545656774594B5&4828595475 3234B754546%92B5(58B546529B5*8!96752B59B95563452854B5945!84751495 4854%93458B5&4729B54654564855457454B4514454B945452862959*845 4B2456875!4%494754546%92B5485A6434B5329AB4545659745452B794B45 456554756'475456!9B;5*8454852954753234B754546%92B528548%5B75645 45456!2645454754B977A475B!95B2334B5485&48285454287545655475 6'47 5 45 65 67745 78 5 647 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 36879487 5 !4B47848% 5 3!2B5 79AB65 *8!967574574B94B5&94B54BB564754%494754546%92B56752B5A6434B55285*8!9675 74574B94B53948%5'7564753234B754546%92B 5N5 475475329ABA4752B5485 2B54B745*84564754%494754546%92B52B543975!974564756'475 5 )B5434545232434B752&74&64754B5677455!95852B745*8456!4B743&645 45656774595329B75A945456875634562754759975*89574528694B558745'75 64754%494754546%92B5)B544564756'47543894B5329B757856485 9745967594B5 329B759797556487594752854B24564852979B596754A94B568756!4B749ABB45 B2334B5627545657792B54752B79AB4754596759994B5687514752&7492B75 2B5 B7564574B75*845 6546%92B 5(547 58B5 965 785 645 2756!4B92B 54345 !974564756'475 14DE8F3CDE 5 <5475354 4 455!95852B7458B4526892B5232434B6454B456475 9975697475B545'7564754%494754546%92B5)B5445647548%56'475*845 5!95789958B529757439B47574572B5475329B75A97562754757792B75452B79AB45 4562754759975'7564754%494754546%92B56757453494B5687594585965675 94B568754B975(545*84597956!4B749ABB454594B5329B7596434B597975B!95 A6434B58594564753;34752&7492B757856!4B743&6454565677451475232434B75 72B564875!8B453496648454B92B5456554756'475<9B795965743&6495*84565 46%92B59543975!3692456!4B92B54756'4754B5677454B59B44BB5B2334B5 7856452754568759734B57856475232434B754756'475)664543495627545 454752B992B75293647545965452B54534966484752B992B75!4B977A45 FO>?

)B544579564756'47572B568754B9754B56774564754B977A47572B5349664875456875 726947 "45687565352954756'47556574574B95&94B54BB564754%4947545 46%92B 5 4 5 3;34 5 3948% 5 '7 5 67 5 2B 5 !966487 5 9 5  5 4 5 648 5 4B94 5 4 5 286295 2B9B84564754%494754546%92B545!4B59456875329ABB5!8B5&4729B54564855 457454B451495485A6434B579AB9945*84564756'4752B59752B794B45456!9B;5 28548%5(54484564754%494754546%92B54B54345!4B977A45)B54457956475 6'47574574B4B53948%59675742B568754B69B75(596645(59945(539B4B956485 4B92B5452B5(596645B7545&2BB4752B992B75969B564754B977A47 <9B7952B54854B745*8456546%92B558B544597B5*89543458%56'47545 4B4568752734B5B7564759975*8957894B5N54758B596578564527545785 6!4B92B 5 24 5 78 5 468989 5 4 5 647 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 96 5  5 89 5 48 5 8B45 329992B 5 8 5 B948 5 4 5 6!99 5 34B64 5 4 5 6!99 5 4B92BB4664 5 4BB 5 85 239B45456!9952AB9945 TB329B7545445B4584575B756454375457!4723452A4779434B5)B5 4455!95852B745*8!858545(534784547599756475232434B75!A992B545 4 5 48&92B 5 2&747 5 B 5 6 5 3974 5 4B 5 64 5 47 5 4%4947 5 4 5 46%92B 5 44B94B5 2A4779434B5145445485;45G58595*84564756'475B!2B59*8564754%4947545 46%92B5*8454BB548%57439B47545*895B45474B45859B6575&48285454375 "45687596555A6434B58B54375!92B585&85(5295528564756'4756475 4%494754546%92B572B5285B2848%5<9B7954564543754B598697B564754%49475 4546%92B528585456!BB452B54854B745*8456!445456546%92B54895B75645 437 5 144BB 5 2B 5 48 5 A6434B 5 4B74 5 *8!96 5  5  5 48 5 ;4 5 8B 5 84 5 634B 5 6875 2364%45*8959B494B54B8466434B569585239B45456!94B95456!4BB5)B5445 488;45*845645785454B5B5*8!;4579BA86945295;459754B52345-B54854B745 *8!8B458459&6456945(56!6'45(572B594B9545(5466454575396645528458B546451495 2895B2334B59456!2&545!8B458454 4 45 F/>?

,27545354 4 45545B!95758534454B594B45(547564752892B75 947547548%56'47547594B4754B5434545423B454B45B545'756475 3234B754546%92B5)B5445687948759&64752B552852B453295Q285!&25545 B45 2BB97797575 774$564756'475285 28295 2&744 5475 94B475"45 68756475 2892B75*8455!958548496695B45294B57578564753;3475234B475)B2456475 6'475B!2B59*8564754%494754546%92B5*84548%57439B47545*895B!475934B5 7 5 &4828 5<9B79 5 54 5 4B74 5 *8!4 5 687 5 4 5 437 5 96 5 47 5 2779&64 5 4 5 2B74 5 475 94B4754B5434545423B456574952B59B477B5452B9B845354 4 45 397 5 78 5 8B 5 67 5 4 5 437 5 &4828 5 687 5 62BA 5 45 6!24 5 !8B45 BB4 5 72694 5 9B 5 45 282952B745285B2B545467594B4754B5434545423B4754564754%49475 4546%92B 5 TB329B7 52B 5485 4B74 5*8452334 56475 6'47 572B5687 54B975 9675 4BB4B53948%5452B564875423B4759B994B55;45349664847556578945 #956546%92B55 5485475447578564756'475466454B55A6434B54857853295)B5 445B2B57486434B564754%494754546%92B59794B564756'475397596753!9794B5 A6434B5,27545354 4 455!95534B45(59*84532983;3454754%4947545 46%92B5455!958594564754475&B9*8475*8!96752894B5)B5445233456475 6'47554534574B97568754B845"45687585B9485854572694564756'475B5 687527756!4B749ABB54532983;345B!92B756875(59B44B957B75477452852&4B95645 6345456!4B92B54756'475,!4B749ABB454952B5329B75454375(544B456475 6'475285(54B456457964B454528959B7952B74568754543758%54B977A475 ,!3&9B45456567745956875A&645,4752B992B754596594B5349664847545 2B55657894564754B977A475742B53948%52B7897545*8975-B54854B745*8!(5 6!BB4 5 8B4 5 B284664 5 4692B 5 48 5 74 5 4624 5 4B4 5 647 5 6'47 5 4 5 6!4B749ABB 5 6875 7449B45<9B79564754%494754546%92B572B529&6475(52875"4568759675B454BB4B5 75&482854543754528564532B454B52945-B54852B5945*8456475423&75 A2A9*847 5 694 5 ( 5 44 5 4 4 4 5 72B 5 '7 5 9B477B47 5 )B 5 44 5 6 5 9*84 5 4 5 65 46%92B548534B45(58B45B28466452345!4B749AB434B568757449B45&B9*8475(565 2975285 6!4B749ABB45 *8954B749AB45 B7545 349664847 52B992B7545 (5652975 2856475 6'475*89572B56875277545475(596645B754752B992B752936475)B5B5*845 88454B749ABB454454 4 453!52B55'75&B9*8455466453!54397545345 2B2B45(58B45B28466459*845*845545B452BB9779757545*8953!534B45(52958B5 F>?