Our work deals with research and innovation projects. It is essentially about defming a managementstrategyconduciveto success.
Our investigation led us to define the structure as well as the context, the activities, the criteria and thefactorsofsuccess foraresearchand innovationproject.
Wealsoaddressed thereasons thatsomeresearch projectsmature to the stageofimplémentation and marketing, inducing innovation along the way, while others, in greater number, never get beyond the stageoftheoreticalresearch.
In view ofthe factors ofsuccess identified in the literature ofresearch and innovation projects, we determined the importance of each ofthe ten areas ofknowledge included in the Project Management Body ofKnowledge (PMBOK). These areas are the management of intégration, scope,time,cost, quality, humanresource,communication,risk, procurement,andstakeholder.
Ouraimnowis to measure thedifférencebetweenthe perceived importance as derived fromthe literature, and the importance granted by researchers and innovation managers of CanmetENERGY Laboratory (Natural Resources Canada), PWGSC, University of Ottawa, Université du Québec en Outaouais, for each knowledge area ofthe PMBOK in research and innovationprojects.
According to Frascati Manuel, Proposed standard practice for surveys on research and experimental development, edited by OECD, «Technological innovation activities are ail ofthe scientific,technological, organisational,financial andcommercialsteps, includinginvestments in newknowledge, which actually, or areintendedto,lead tothe implémentationoftechnologically new orimprovedproductsand processes. R&D is onlyone oftheseactivitiesand may becarried
out at different phases ofthe innovation process. It may act not only as the original source of inventive ideasbutalsoas ameans ofproblem solvingwhich can becalled upon at anypoint up to implémentation».
Themain goal ofaprojectis tocreate auniqueproduct, service,orresuit [PMBOK2013].
Project management is the application of skills and techniques in order to meet project requirements.
Managingaprojectincludes:
• Identifyingrequirements;
• Addressingtheconcems, and expectationsofthe stakeholders;
• Settingandmaintaining activecommunicationwith stakeholders; and
• Balancing several of the project constraints: Scope, Quality, Schedule, Budget, Resources, and Risks.
We will now présenttheprocesses ofeach knowledge area as defined in TPMBOK20131 , with theaccompanyingquestions.
ProjectIntégration Managementincludesthefollowingprocesses:
Project Management Process Groups Knowledge
Monitoring Closing Executing
Initiating Planning area
6. Close Project or Phase Direct
and Manage Project Work 3. 4.
1. 2.
Project Intégration Management
Monitor and Control Project Work
Develop Project Management Plan
Develop Project Charter
5.
Perform Integrated Change Control
In youropinion,how importantis Intégration Management forinnovationprojects?
( )a little ( )no opinion ( )notreally () notat ail () alot
Can youpleasejustifÿyourpreviousanswerinfew sentences?
Ifany, whatprocessesfromthe abovedid youuse in yourinnovationproject?
()1 ()2 ()3 ()4 ()5 ( )6
ProjectScopeManagement includesthe followingprocesses:
Knowledge Project Management Process Groups
Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring Closing
area Project Scope Management
7. Plan 11.
Scope Management
Validate Scope
12.
Collect Requirements
8. Control Scope
9. Define Scope
Create 10.
WBS
In youropinion,howimportantis ScopeManagement forinnovationprojects?
( )alot ( )alittle () no opinion ()notreally ( )not atail
Canyoupleasejustify yourprevious answerin fewsentences?
Ifany,whatprocesses from theabovedidyou usein yourinnovationproject?
()7 ()8 ()9 () 10 () 11 () 12
ProjectTime Management includesthe followingprocesses:
Knowledge Project Management Process Groups
Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring Closing
area
13. Plan 19.
Project Time Management
Schedule Control
Management Schedule
Define 14.
Activities
15.
Sequence Activities
16.
Estimate Activity Resources
17.
Estimate Activity Durations
18.
Develop Schedule
Inyouropinion,how importantis TimeManagementforinnovationprojects?
()not atail ( )noopinion ()notreally
( )a little ( )a lot
Canyoupleasejustifyyourpreviousanswer infewsentences?
Ifany,whatprocessesfromthe abovedid you usein yourinnovationproject?
( ) 13 ()14 () 15 () 16 ()17 ()18 ()19
ProjectCost Managementincludes thefollowingprocesses:
Knowledge area Project Management Process Groups
Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring Closing
Project Cost
Management
20. Plan 23.
Cost Control Costs
Management
21.
Estimate Costs
22.
Détermine Budget
In youropinion,how important is CostManagementforinnovationprojects?
()a lot ()a little ()no opinion () notreally () notatail
Canyoupleasejustifyyourpreviousanswerinfewsentences?
Ifany,whatprocessesfromtheabovedid you use inyourinnovation project?
() 20 () 21 ( )22 ()23
ProjectQuality Managementincludesthefollowingprocesses:
Knowledge ProjectManagement Process Groups
Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring Closing area
24. Plan 25. 26.
Project Quality Management
Perform Quality Assurance
Control Quality Quality
Management
In youropinion,how importantis QualityManagementforinnovationprojects?
( )no opinion ()not really () notatail ( )a little
() alot
Canyoupleasejustify yourpreviousanswerinfew sentences?
Ifany,whatprocessesfromthe abovedid youuse inyourinnovationproject?
024 ()25 ()26
Project Human ResourceManagement includesthefollowingprocesses:
Knowledge area Project Management Process Groups
Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring Closing
Project Human
27. Plan 28.
Human Resource Management
Acquire Project Team
Resource Management
29.
Develop Project Team
30. Manage Project
Team
Inyour opinion,howimportantis Human ResourceManagementforinnovationprojects?
() alot ( )a little () noopinion () notreally ( )notatail Can youpleasejustifyyourprevious answerin fewsentences?
Ifany,whatprocessesfromtheabovedidyouusein yourinnovation project?
O 27 ()28 ()29 ()30
ProjectCommunications Management includes thefollowingprocesses:
Project Management Process Groups Knowledge area
Closing Monltoring
Executing Initiating Planning
Control 32. Manage 33.
Communications Plan
Project 31.
Communications Communications Communications
Management Management
Inyouropinion, how importantis Communications Managementfor innovationprojects?
( ) a lot ()a little ( )no opinion ( )notreally ( )notatail
Can you pleasejustifyyourpreviousanswerinfew sentences?
Ifany,whatprocessesfromtheabovedid you useinyourinnovationproject?
031 ()32 ()33
ProjectRisk Management includesthefollowingprocesses:
Project Management Process Groups Knowledge
Monitoring Closing Planning Executing
Initiating area
Plan 39.
Project 34.
Risk
Management
Control Risks Risk
Management
35.
Identify Risks
36.
Perfonn
Qualitative Risk Analysis
37.
Perfonn
Quantitative Risk Analysis
38. Plan
Risk Responses
Inyouropinion,howimportantis RiskManagementforinnovationprojects?
( )no opinion () notreally ( )not atail ( )alot () alittle
Can youpleasejustifyyourpreviousanswerinfewsentences?
Ifany,whatprocesses fromthe abovedid youuse inyourinnovationproject?
0 34 ()35 ()36 ()37 ()38 ( )39
ProjectProcurementManagement includesthe followingprocesses:
Knowledge Project Management Process Groups
Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring Closing
area Project Procurement
40. Plan 41. Conduct 42. Control 43. Close
Procurement Procurements Procurements Procurements
Management Management
In youropinion, how importantis ProcurementManagementforinnovationprojects?
() alot ( )a little ( )noopinion ( )notreally ( )notat ail Canyoupleasejustifyyourprevious answerinfewsentences?
Ifany,whatprocesses fromtheabovedidyouuse inyourinnovationproject?
( )40 ( )41 ( )42 ( )43
ProjectStakeholderManagementincludesthe followingprocesses:
Project Management Process Groups Knowledge
Planning Executing Monitoring Closing
Initiating area
Control 47.
44. 45. Plan 46.
Project
Stakeholder Stakeholder
Engagement Identify
Stakeholders
Stakeholder Manage Stakeholder Management
Management
Engagement
Inyouropinion,how importantis StakeholderManagement forinnovation projects?
()notatail ()noopinion ( )notreally
() alot ( )a little
Canyoupleasejustifyyourpreviousanswerin fewsentences?
Ifany, whatprocesses fromthe abovedidyouuse inyourinnovationproject?
()44 ( )45 ()46 ()47