Analyses de RMN - Etudes des membranes natives de M smegmatis par RMN du solide

III. Etudes des membranes natives de M smegmatis par RMN du solide

6. Analyses de RMN

i.

Cultures de bactéries marquées

_{C et fractionnement}

Les conditions de culture sont les mêmes que celles décrites précédemment, seule la source de carbone diffère. Les essais ont été faits seulement sur M. smegmatis mc² 155 cultivée en présence de 4,7 g / 900 mL de 7H9 Middlebrook broth (Difco) additionné de 0,2 % de glycérol marqué uniformément au 13_C.

Gradient 1 – gradient purification PM Gradient 2 – gradient purification MMCW

% Saccharose (p/v) Volume (mL) % Saccharose (p/v) Volume (mL)

10 1 10 1 20 1 30 2 30 2 36 1 33 2 40 1 36 2 42 2 40 1 45 2 50 1 50 1 60 1 60 1

Tableau 9 : Composition des gradients de saccharose permettant le fractionnement des membranes de M. smegmatis marquées 13_C.

144 Concernant le fractionnement des bactéries, le protocole est identique à celui décrit précédemment. Le gradient permettant le fractionnement des bactéries a été modifié puisque les bactéries marquées 13_{C auront une densité modifiée.}

ii.

Analyse des fractions membranaires

RMN du solide du

_P

Les échantillons membranaires de C. glutamicum et M. smegmatis sont repris dans du tampon Tris HCl 20 mM pH8 additionné de 1 mM d’EDTA puis centrifugés à 100 000 g (TLA 100.4 Beckman Coulter). Les échantillons (environ 35mg de culot hydraté de MMCW et environ 25mg de culot hydraté de PM de chaque bactérie) sont ensuite transférés dans un rotor de 4mm de diamètre puis analysés. Les spectres 31_{P sont enregistrés sur un spectromètre RMN Avance II Bruker Biospin opérant à une} fréquence de Larmor du proton à 500 MHz et équipé d’une sonde HR-MAS, 4mm (High resolution – magic angle spinning), en utilisant une séquence d’impulsion « écho de Hahn ». Les deux impulsions (5,3 µs pour l’impulsion /2) sont séparées par un délai de 20 µs. La vitesse de rotation de l’échantillon est contrôlée à 2 000 Hz +/- 1 Hz. Les données sont acquises à 278 K pour les fractions MMCW et à 293 K pour les fractions PM. Les spectres obtenus ont été calibrés en fixant la résonnance des protons des méthylènes des lipides à 1,25 ppm (calibration vs TMS) en tenant compte du rapport des fréquences de résonnance absolues des deux noyaux (1_{H et}31_P).

RMN du solide du

_C

Les culots de MMCW de M. smegmatis sont lavés deux fois avec du D2O (50 % dans de l’eau non deutérée) puis transféré dans la sonde RMN. L’échantillon est transféré dans un rotor de 1,3 mm de diamètre (4-5 µg de culot hydraté) et dans un rotor de 3,2 mm de diamètre (25 mg de culot hydraté). Les spectres 13_{C sont enregistrés sur un spectromètre RMN Avance III Bruker Biospin opérant à une} fréquence de Larmor du proton à 700 MHz et équipé d’une sonde triple résonance ultra-fast-MAS (rotor 1,3 mm à une vitesse de rotation de 60 kHz) et d’une sonde triple résonance E-free-MAS (rotor 3,2 mm, à une vitesse de rotation de 12 kHz). Ces deux sondes ont des caractéristiques différentes, l’une permettant d’obtenir des spectres de meilleure résolution (vitesse de rotation plus élevée) et donnant la possibilité d’enregistrer des spectres en observant les déplacements chimiques protons. L’autre sonde permet d’enregistrer des spectres 13_{C avec une meilleure sensibilité (plus grande} quantité d’échantillon dans la sonde). Les spectres sont acquis à 293 K et calibrés par rapport aux déplacements chimiques du TMS.

145

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