Textbooks on

(1)

Technical papers

in

hydrology 6

G /

I _{. ,}<.v

/

Textbooks on hydrology

(2)

Technical papers in hydrology 6

(3)

In this series:

1 Perennial Ice and Snow Masses. A Guide for Compilation and Assemblage of Data for a World Inventory.

2 Seasonal Snow Cover. A Guide for Compilation and Assemblage of Data for Measurement and Mapping.

3 Variations of Existing Glaciers. A Guide to International Practices for their Measurement.

4 Antarctic Glaciology in the International Hydrological Decade.

5 Combined Heat, Ice and Water Balances at Selected Glacier Basins. A Guide for Compilation and Assemblage of Data for Glacier Mass Balance Measurements.

6 Textbooks on Hydrology. Analyses and Synoptic Tables of Contents of Selected Textbooks.

(4)

A

contribution to

the

International Hydrological

Decude

Textbooks on hydrology

Analyses aiid

synoptic tables

of

contents

of selected

textbooks

Unesco

(5)

The selection and presentation of material and the opinions expressed in this publication are the responsibility of the authors concerned and do not necessarily reflect the views of Unesco.

Published in 1970 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

Place de Fontenoy, 15 Pa1k-7~

Printed by Imprimerie Offset Aubin

Q Unesco 1970 Printed in France SC.70/XX1.6/A

(6)

PREFACE

The International Hydrological Decade (IHD), 1965 -74, was launched by the General Conference of Unesco to promote international co-oper

-

ation in research and studies and the trainingof specialists and tech- nicians in scientific hydrology. Its purpose is to enable all countries to m a k e a fuller assessment of their water resources and a m o r e rational use of them as man's demands for water constantly increase in face of developments in population, industry and agriculture. In 1970 National Committees for the Decade had been formed in 105 of Unesco's 125 M e m b e r States to carry out national activities and to contribute to regional and international activities within the p r o g r a m m e of the Decade. T h e implementation of the p r o g r a m m e is supervised by a Co-ordinating Council, composed of twenty-one M e m b e r States selected by the General Conference of Unesco, which studies proposals for developments of the p r o g r a m m e , r e c o m m e n d s projects of interest to all or a large number of countries, assists in the development of national and regional projects and co-ordinates international co-oper- ation.

Promotion of collaboration in developing hydrological research techniques, diffusing hydrological data and planning hydrological installations is a major feature of the p r o g r a m m e of the

IHD

which encompasses all aspects of hydrological studies and research. H y - drological investigations are encouraged at the national, regional and international level to strengthen and to improve the use of natural resources from a local and a global perspective. T h e p r o g r a m m e provides a m e a n s for countries well advanced in hydrological research to exchange scientific views and for developing countries to benefit f r o m this exchange of information in elaborating research projects and in implementing recent developments in the planning of hydrological installations.

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A s part of Unesco's contribution to the achievement of the objectives of the

IHD

the General Conference authorized the Director -General to collect, exchange and disseminate information concerning research on scientific hydrology and to facilitate contacts between research workers in this field. T o this end Unesco has initiated two collections of publications 'Studies and Reports in Hydrology' and 'Technical P a - pers in Hydrology'.

T h e collection 'Technical Papers in Hydrology' is intended to provide a m e a n s for the exchange of information on hydrological techniques and for the co-ordination of research and data collection.

T h e acquisition, transmissionand processingof data in a m a n - ner permitting the intercomparison of results is a prerequisite to efforts to co-ordinate scientific projects within the framework of the IHD. T h e exchange of information on data collected throughout the world requires standards instruments, techniques, units of m e a - sure and terminology in order that data from all areas will be c o m - parable. M u c h work has been done already toward international standardization, but m u c h remains to be done even for simple m e a - surements of basic factors such as precipitation, snow cover, soil moisture, streamflow, sediment transport and ground-water phenomena,

It

is hoped that the guides on data collection and compilation in specific areas of hydrology to be published in this collection will provide m e a n s whereby hydrologists m a y standardize their records of obser

-

vations and thus facilitate the study of hydrology o n a world-wide basis .

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C O N T E N T S

INTRODUCTION

. . . . . . . . . . . .

P a g e

. . . I I

PART

A. ANALYSES OF TEXTBOOKS.

I.

Analyses of textbooks on

G E N E R A L H Y D R O L O G Y

1 . Works in English. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 J . P. Bruce and R I H. Clark: Introduction to Hydrometeorology . 17 S. S. Butler: Engineering Hydrology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 R . K . Linsley, M.A. Kohler and J . L. H. Paulhus:

Hydrology for engineers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2. Works i n F r e n c h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . ^~ 35

G ,

Réménikras: ^I_L'hydrologie de l'ingknieur . . . . . . ^I . . . . 37 M , Roche: Hydrologie de surface . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 3 . W o r k s in Russian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ^~ . . . . 4 9 D.L. Sokolovskii: Rechnoi stok . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 A.I. Chcbotarev: Gidrologiya sushi i rascheti rechilogo stoka . . 57 M . A . Velikanov: Gidrologiya sushi . . . . . . . ^,. . . . . . . . 61

4. Works in German. and Italian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 F. Schaffernak: Hydrographie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1 D . ïonini: Elementi di idrografia ed idrologia . . . . . . . . . . 79

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II.

H Y D R O L O G Y O F S U B S U R F A C E W A T E R S

1 . W o r k s in English . . .

S . N . Davis, R I J . M . D e Wiest: Hydrogeology. . . . 85

R. J . M . D e Wiest: Geohydrology. . . . 91

83 D . K . Todd: Ground water hydrology. . . .

95

2. W o r k s in French . . . 101

G. Castany: Traité pratique des eaux souterraines. . . . 103

H.

Schoeller: Les eaux souterraines . . . 413

3. W o r k s in Russian. . . . 117

G. B.

Bogomolov: Gidrogeologiya s osnovami inzhenernoi . . . geologii. . . . 1 1 9

III. H Y D R O M E T R Y V.D.

Bykov,

A . V.

Vasil'ev: Gfdrometriya . . . 129

IV. H Y D R O L O G I C A L F O R E C A S T I N G B . A .

Apollov,

G.P.

Kalinin,

V . D .

Komarov: Gidrologicheskie prognozi . . . 137

N.

F. Befani,

G. P.

Kalinin: Uprazhneniya i metodicheskie . . razrabotki

PO

gidrologicheskim prognozam. . . 145

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PART B . SYNOPTIC TABLES OF CONTENTS OF TEXTBOOKS O N HYDROLOGY

I. W o r k s o n

G e n e r a l H y d r o l o g y . . . . . .I51 K e y to the synoptic table of works on general hydrology . . . 160

II.

W o r k s on

H y d r o l o g y o f S u b s u r f a c e W a t e r s . . . . . . . I 6 7 K e y to the synoptic table of works on hydrology of subsurface . .

w-ate r s . . . . I 7 3 III. W o r k s o n

H y d r o m e t r y . . . . . I 7 7 K e y to the synoptic table of works o n hydrometry. . . . 183

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INTRODUCTION

The Working Group on Education and Training of the Coordinating Council of the International Hydrological Decade had, a m o n g its tasks the study of curricula. During the discussions on this subject it became clear that in the various countries from which the m e m b e r s of the W o r k - ing Group c a m e there were great differences in the subjects taught to hydrologists, and even in the definitions of the contents of various subject headings.

T h e WorkingGrouphad, as afurthertask, to consider h o w the publication of hydrological textbooks could be encouraged inlanguages where none or only a few texts on hydrology exist,

It

appeared that in s o m e countries good books existed that were relatively unknown in other countries , and that deserved translation.

In order to facilitate its studies on curricula and textbooks, the Working Group decided to analyse a selected number of textbooks.

It

appeared that these analyses might be of use to others in the profession, and that they might also be useful to teaching institutions and professors in their selection of textbooks and the establishment of curricula. Au- thors and publishers might be encouraged to investigate howthey could fill existing gaps by publishing n e w or translated texts.

In the selection of the books to be analysed the Working Group tried to obtain a wide geographic coverage, and also to consider books that were less knownin other countries than where they had been published.

S o m e well-known and excellent books have not been treated; this does not m e a n that the Working Group considers theni of less usefulness or importance. On the other hand, the inclusion of a text inthis case book does not m e a n that it is especially recommended.

T h e Working Group also undertook a m o r e concise analysis, in the f o r m of synoptic tables, of a greater number of textbooks.

In accordance with the foregoing, the booklet consists of two parts:

Part A contains the detailed analysis of 19 different works published in English, French, Russian, Spanish, G e r m a n and Italian. Most of the books encompass the entire field of hydrology, but it seemed desirable to include , in separate groups , s o m e works dealing with the hydrology of

(12)

subsurface waters, and s o m e dealing with hydrometry and forecasting.

Part B contains a comparison of the contents of the hydrological textbooks available to the compilers regardless of the language in which they were published. Part

B

consists of three parts: books referring to general hydrology, hydrology of subsurface waters, and hydrometry.

T h e works are listed in both language and alphabetical order. Indi- vidual subjects treated could only be described briefly under the headings of the lists pertaining to Part

B.

A m o r e complete description of these headings is contained in the key following the synoptic tables.

T h e works listed in either Part A or B were restricted to books which satisfy all three of the following conditions:

a/ be on a university level b/ be published after 1940 and c/ have been in circulation.

In spite of the efforts of the working panel there are probably s o m e shortcomings. N o doubt, this and the great upswing of hydrological education will call for the publication of an amplified and revised analysis in the near future.

Therefore the Working Group would appreciate suggestions for the improve- ment of this publication.

T h e idea for compiling the booklet was Suggested at the first session of the Working Group on Education and Training by Prof D r .

W .

Laszloffy, representative of Hungary. H e planned its lay-out and edited the initial manuscript.

In the preparation of the above analyses in Part

A

the following m e m - bers of the Working Group on Education took part:

Prof.

V.D.

Bykov, USSR, Prof.

W .

Laszloffy, Hungary, Prof. Walter E. M o o r e , USA, Prof. L . J . Mostertman, Netherlands, Prof. J . N e m e c , Czechoslovakia and Prof. D. Tonini,, Italy.

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Valuable help was renderedby D o c . D r . J . Silar , Czechoslovakia, and by several research workers of the Research Institute for Water Resources Development, Hungary; namely

J.

Déri, L. G o d a ,

K.

K o r i m , P. Major,

O.

Starosolszky, dr. K. Ubell, and by ir

F.

Verhoog of the Delft International Cours es.

. .

The

final review of the manuscript was undertaken by an ad hoc panel in M o s c o w , June

1969.

This panel consisted of:

Prof.

V.D.

Bykov,

USSR,

Prof.

W.

Laszloffy, Hungary, Prof. Walter

E.

M o o r e , U S A and Prof.

L. J.

Mostertman, Netherlands.

T h e final editing and preparation for printing was supervised at the International Courses in Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering Delft, by Ir.

H.

Salz.

(14)

PART A.RNALYSES OF T E X T B O O K S .

I.

Analyses of textbooks on

G E N E R A L H Y D R O L O G Y

1 . W o r k s in English.

--_______

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a.

Authors :

Title :

Publisher:

Dimensions :

J . P. B R U C E and

R . H . C L A R K

INTRODUCTION TO HYDROMETEO

-

ROLOGY

P e r g a m o n P r e s s , London, 1966 2 O x 1 3 c m , 319 pages/78 figures and 32 tables/

(16)

a.

J.

P . B R U C E and

R.H. CLARK:

Introduction to Hydrometeorology.

A n a l y s i s

C h a p t e r s

N u m b e r o f Date of Origi-

I latest nality of refer- presen- pages figures tables references tation

ences

Contents 9

I.

Introduction. 4

II.

Precipitation. 19

III.

Melting of snow 9

and ice.

IV.

Stream flow. 24

V.

Evaporation and 9 evapotranspiration.

VI.

Observational 48 methods and net

-

works.

voirs.

analys is . flow records.

VII.

Lakes and reser- 21

VIII.

Frequently used 71

IX.

Extending stream- 12

X. Application in 34 engine e ring design

problems.

XI. River forecasting. 19

XII.

Man's influence on 22

the hydrologic cycle.

20

6 24 2

2 1 10

1

-

4 10 17

15

3%

20 46 16

22

8

37

- -

1961

-

1962 4- 1962

-

1961 4-

1965 t 1962 t 1961 t 1963

-

1962 1964 t 1964

-

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b y c h a p t e r s

Original Region

research con-

by cerned Additional information on the contents.

author

t

+

t

Canada U SA

Canada

- -

Canada Canada U SA

Hydrometeorology, objectives, plan of text, units, problems.

Stability of air , cloud physics, source of moisture for precipitation.

Metamorphosis of a s n o w pack, melting factors , total melt computations.

Source of stream flow, the runoff process, infiltration, the components of stream flow, drainage area determination, variations in runoff regimes.

M a s s transfer approach, energy balance approach, application of energy balance equation, influence of surface, eddy fluc

-

tuation approach, evaporation f r o m s n o w and ice.

Precipitation and precipitation intensity, stream flow, evaporation, s n o w cover , other parameters , networks.

Water balance , wind effects, temperature regime , ice formation and dissipation.

Statistical analysis , precipitation analysis, stream-flow analysis, stream-flow routing.

Monthly, seas onal and annual volume s ; flood runoff and peak discharges; extending and synthetizing daily flow; low flow and drought.

Reservoir design, irrigation water require

-

ments, storm sewer and local drainage, design of lake structures.

Headwaters and small rivers , large rivers, water supply, forecasting ice formation and dis sipation.

Changes in vegetation, induced precipitation, induced melting, evaporation control , urban- ization.

(18)

a.

J . P. B R U C E and R.

H.

C L A R K : Introduction to Hydrometeorology.

A n a l y s i s

C h a p t e r s

N u m b e r o f Date of Origi- latest nality of refer- presen- pages figures tables references tation

ences

XIII. Climatic trends 10 2

-

¹⁵ ¹⁹⁶³ ^t

and cycles.

A p p . A. Table of conver

-

²

-

⁷

- - -

sion.

App.B.Problems/31/ 8

- - - - -

Index 6

- - - -

3 27 78 32 248 1965

(19)

b y c h a p t e r s .

O ri ginal Region

research con-

by cerned Additional information o n the contents.

author

USA L o n g - t e r m climatic trends, recent climatic trends, theories of climatic changes, impli- cation in water resources.

(20)

a.

J.

P. BRUCE and

R. K. CLARK:

Introduction to Hydrometeorology.

General evaluation of the work.

This is a very concise textbook. A s its title suggests,emphasis in the book is on the application of meteorology or hydrometeorology to the solution of hydrological problems.

It

is therefore not hydrometeorology in the sense of a boundary science between meteorology and hydrology.

It

omits ground water in so far as it has no influence on the hydrograph formation.

T h e completely n e w and very practical approach makes it a very useful book for students, but for comprehensive hydrological training it should be supplemented by other books.

(21)

b.

Author:

Title : Publisher:

Dimensions :

S. S. BUTLER

ENGINEERING HYDROLOGY

Prentice -Hall, Inc. y Englewood Cliffs, N. J. ^y 1957

23x15 c m , X t 3 5 6 pages/l38 figures y

17 tables/

(22)

b.

S. S.

BUTLER:

Engineering Hydrology.

A n a l y s i s

C h a p t e r s

N u m b e r o f Date of Origi- latest nality of refer- ,presen- pages figures tables references tation

ences

Preface.

Contents.

1 . Introduction.

2. Precipitation.

3. Snow and snowmelt.

4.

Analysis of precipitation data.

5. Subsurface water.

6 . Infiltration.

7. Hydraulics of wells.

3 4 7 19

12

27

29

I5

39

8. Adaptation of well 26 hydraulics to field

conditions.

8 4

3

-

12

-

9

-

1

-

22 1

4 1955

I I I955

I I 1957

14 1957

7 1951 tt

6 1956

15 1955 tt

5 3 17 1957 tt

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b y c h a p t e r s .

Original Region

research con-

author

cerned Additional information on the contents.

by

rn

E

a, 9

O k

a

7 4

a c

d rn a, k 9 M

.FI

tH

cd

c

M

.rl

i r l

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rn 9 O k a,

E z

5

(d O

.d

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E

4

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m a,

c,

(d r/3 c>

Clear introductive notes on the hydrologic cycle.

12 problems.

Very good description of the variation of precipitation in time and in space with data on accuracy of measurement. 1 example with solution and 29 problems.

Clear though elementary. Includes principles regulating snow measurement and snow melting. 2 examples with solutions and 26 problems.

Study of precipitation data: movable m e a n , double m a s s curves, frequency and duration curves etc. Also influence of topographic parameters on precipitation. 2 examples, 53 problems.

Principles and terminology of underground waters are stated in an elementary way. T h e original figures illustrate clearly the text ,

especially those regarding capillarity.

9

e x a m - ples, 47 problems.

Clear treatment of the mechanism of infiltra

-

tion processes in soils of different characteristics.

T h e study m a d e in this chapter is very important because of its clearness and the attempt to synthetize , without excessive mathematical formalism, the unsteady m o v e m e n t to wells.

T h e interrelationships between the c o m m o n l y used formulas are also very well presented.

1 example and 52 problems.

Data are given on analytical and graphical methods for the application of well theory for prxctical purposes. 30 problems.

5 examples and 25 interesting problems.

(24)

b.

S. S.

BUTLER:

Engineering Hydrology.

A n a l y s i s

C h a p t e r s

N u m b e r o f Date of Origi- latest nality of refer- presen-

- - -

pages figures tables refer- e n c e s tation e n c e s

- - - - - - -

^I^-^_^{^}^_^-^-^-^_

9. Stream -flow data. 28 17 4 I I 1955

IO. Analysis of runoff 48 19 2 16 1957

data.

1 1 . Net storm rain. 36

12. P e a k discharge and 50 flood runoff.

Glossary.

Index.

8 12

23

17

1

2

10

21

1954 +-t

1957

~ ~~~

363 138 17 153 1957

(25)

Original Region

research con-

author

rn

E

a,

I 4

P O k

PI

a

d d rn a, k 3 M

.rl

w

l - l

d

c

M

.d

.rl

k O

d U

.rl

k a,

E

4

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a

a,

c>

.I+

d

=r,

Principles of stream-flow measuring appara

-

tus are described and illustrated. Emphasis is given to applications to river hydraulics.

40 interesting problems.

T h e possible methods for analysis of runoff data are examined in the first part of the chapter, while the second part is concerned with the correlation of runoff and precipitation data. In this w a y the phenomena of evaporation and transpiration are described as well as their physical characteristics and principal measurement methods ^~ 4 examples.

66

problems are well described.

Determination of effective precipitation is very important in runoff studies; therefore it is exhaustively studied in this chapter.

T h e various parameters conditioning the infiltration capacity are stated very clearly.

6

examples and 38 problems.

Methods to determine floods of a given probable frequency are illustrated with various examples. Principles of the unit -hydrograph method and the formation of overland flow are described.

6

examples and 74 interesting problems. 183 terms.

3 O k a,

E

z

3

(26)

b.

S. S. BUTLER:Engineering Hydrology.

In "Engineering Hydrology" a good selection of problems is supplied.

M o r e attention is paid to presenting the principal phenomena of the hydrologic cycle, than to showing h o w to collect experimental data.

Drawings, almost always original, cleverly show the ideas

with

which a hydrologist should be familiar.

The book constitutes a good basis of knowledge for further research in the experimental, as well as the theoretical field; it is recommended as a text that can be easily understood.

A

valuable Glossary with 183 terms is included as well as a detailed analytical index. Each chapter is accompanied by a bibliography, exclusively American, and by elementary exercises.

Formulae which are presented are limited to use with the English units.

(27)

C.

Authors :

Title:

Publishers : Dimensions :

R. K. LINSLEY , M.A.KOHLER, J. L.H. P A U L H U S

HYDROLOGY FOR E N G I N E E R S M c G r a w - H i l l Book C o m p a n y , Inc. ,

New York-Toronto-London, 1958 23x16 c m , 340 pages/179 figures and 2 appendices/

(28)

C.

R.K.LINSLEY-M.A.KOHLER-J.L.H.PAULHUS: Hydrology for Engineers.

A n a l y s i s

-

^latest ^nality^of

refer- presen- pages figures tables references tation

ences C h a p t e r s

Preface. 1

Contents. 2

Symbols and abbrevia

-

⁵

tions .

1 . Introduction. 5 2 Weather and hydrol- 17

ogy.

1 5

7 23

1950 1953

3. Precipitation. 29

16

3 54 1955

4. Stream flow. 38 24 1 24 1954

5. Evaporation and 32 6. Ground water. 27

transpiration.

10

14

67

38

1958 t 1951

2 3 7. Characteristics of 13

8. Runoff relations. 31 the hydrograph.

6

33

1949 tt

1956

t I I

15

9.

Hydrographs of run- 23 off.

14 3 25 1950 tt

I950 I955 1 O. Stream -flow routing. 30 28 18

1 1 . Frequency and 33 duration studies.

18 48

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O ri ginal Region

research con-

author

-t

d

u

.ri

k al

E

4

w O

m al

d

m

c>

Very comprehensive and adequate material on meteorological factors in hydrology. Data sources from USA. 13 problems. Most of t h e m need guidance by instructor.

A

concise chapter, very informative. A m o r e practical approach would increase its value.

12 problems. S o m e can be done without instructor.

Measurements of level and discharge are described with sufficient details. A large table on peak flows presents data only f r o m USA. 10 problems.

Excellent material, 7 problems.

Generally descriptive with emphasis on soil moisture. S u m m a r y of well hydraulics.

14 problems mainly on wells.

Excellent material. Very exhaustive and clearly presented. 3 problems.

Interesting material. Slightly confusing pre

-

sentation of runoff. T h e runoff's cycle and estimation of magnitudes ,9 problems, most of t h e m understandable without instructor.

Excellent material, very comprehensivï and clearly presented. Therefore quoted and translated in m a n y other books. 15 problems Very exhaustive with respect to conventional methods. Basic concepts very clearly

explained. 1 1 problems, very instructive.

Material on discharge and precipitation data processing by mathematical statistics is given mainly f r o m a practical view point.

(30)

C .

R.K.LINSLEY -M.A.KOHLER-J. L . H . P A U L H U S : Hydrology for Engineers.

A n a l y s i s

N u m b e r o f Date of Origi- latest nality of

refer

-

^presen-

C h a p t e r s

--

pages figures tables references tation ences

1 2. Sedimentation. 14 9 3 24 1950

13. Application of hy- 19 7 5 20 1955

++

drologic techniques.

Appendices .

A. Graphical correla- I 1 B. Physical constants,

6

tion.

conversion tables, and equivalents.

N a m e index. 4

Subject index. 8

I 1 1

6

1951

- -

t+

t

- ^~~ ^~~

338 179 4 2 415 I956

(31)

b y c h a p t e r s .

Original res ear ch by

author

Region con-

cerned Additional information on the contents.

t

O

General information. 4 problems.

General description of applications with selec

-

ted useful examples. N o problems.

Excellent instruction in coaxial correlation.

U s e d throughout the world.

Extremely useful material.

(32)

C.

R.K. LINSLEY

-M.A.KOHLER-J.L.H.PAULHUS: Hydrology €or Engineers.

An original approach is used throughout the book. Most of the chapters are based on the author's personal research work and practical experience.

Although examples f r o m USA are used, the principles and methods are applicable in other regions

with

similar characteristics.

A

considerable technical or scientific background is required for under

-

standing m a n y of the chapters,

This book has been widely used throughout the world.

erable amount of material from the well-known book "Applied Hydrologyf1 by the s a m e authors.

It

includes a consid-

(33)

2. W o r k s ⁱⁿF r e n c h

(34)

d.

Author:

Title:

Publisher:

Dimensions :

Trans lation:

Title:

Publisher:

Dimensi.ons:

G. R E M E N I E R A S

L'HYDROLOGIE DE L'INGENIEUR (Engine e ring Hydrology)

Second edition, revised and enlarged.

Eyrolles , Paris, 1965.

24x16 c m , 456 pages (188 figures, 71 tables).

Spanish

Hydrologia del Ingeniero

Institut0 del Libro, L a Habana, C u b a , 1968.

24x16 c m , 515 pages.

(35)

d.

G .

REMENIERAS:

L'hydrologie de l'ingénieur.

A n a l y s i s

-

C h a p t e r s

- -

^latest ^{naliiy of}

refer- presen- pages figures tables references tation

ences

Preface.

discharge factors pages =58=

T T h e atmosphere

-

1.

II.

III.

IV.

V.

-

and meteorology.

P

r e cipitation .

Topographical and glaciological char act e ris t ic s of a drainage basin.

Thermal charac

-

teristics of a basin.

Evaporation, transpiration and flow deficit;

4

- -

¹⁷ ^I963

55 33 4 19 1963 t

99 39 25 38 1964 t

9 3 3 10 1964

13 4 6 44 1962 t

76 19 18 38 I963 t

. - ,

VI.

Stream gauging 4 0 stations.

15 30 1964 t

(36)

Original re search author by

Region con-

cerned Additional information on the contents

t

Northern Generalities, solar radiation, vertical distri- Hemisphe

-

re,

U.S.A., ical situation, origin of turbulence, fronts France. and storms.

France.

bution of temperature and pressure, atmc- spheric moisture, dynamics of the rneteorolog- Mechanism of the formation of precipitation, artificial rain, measurement of precipitation, presentation and analysis of data, rainfall regimes, analysis of storms at a station and over a drainage basin.

Methods of measurement, calculation and presentation of a basin's physical characteris

-

tics.

France, Western Europe, U.S.A.

Temperature measurement and data presentation. Temperature variation. Water, soil and

subs oil temperature .

Evaporative power of the atmosphere, its m e a - surement and calculation. Evaporation the0

-

ries based on the heat balance and on equations of fluid mechanics and turbulence exchange.

Formulae for the calculation of potential evaporation. Evaporation f r o m aquifers, s n o w and bare soil.

Transpiration. Flow deficit.

Stations with staff gauges and their behaviour with uniform and varied flow. Rating curves of stations with one and two gauges. Establish- ment of stations. Overfall stations. Measure

-

m e n t flumes.

(37)

d.

G . R E M E N I E R A S : L'hydrologie de l'ingenieur .

A n a l y s i s

C h a p t e r s

N u m b e r o f Date of Origi- latest nality of

refer- presen- figures tables references tatiop pages

ences

VI1 .

VI11 .

IX.

Study of discharge regimes.

Analysis and predetermina

-

tion of the hydrograph of a given storm.

Study of floods and predetermi- nation of their probable maxi

-

m u m dis charge.

-

Alphabetical index.

36 25 6 24 1960

70 4 31

39

4

- -

39

I I 5 30

1963

445 188 71 25 I* 1964

*References 65% French, 3070 English, 27'0 Italian, 270 G e r m a n and 1%

Spanish, Polish and Russian.

(38)

Original research by

author

Region con-

France.

Presentation of discharge data. Hydrographs and duration curves. M a s s curves. Character- istic discharge. Algebraic and statistical

interpretation of duration curves. T h e differ

-

ent regimes.

Methods for inadequate data.

Distribution of storm water. Analysis of ob- served hydrographs. T h e unit hydrograph method. Simplified methods for calculation of m a x i m u m discharge for storm sewer networks.

Economic aspect. Empirical formulae. Sta

-

tistical methods based on the analysis of

flood frequency . Hydrometeorological methods.

Transposition of storms.

(39)

d.

G.

R E M E N I E R A S : L'hydrologie de l'ingénieur General assessment of the work.

--

T h e book is based on hydrological investigations m a d e during the planning for hydraulic, thermal and thermonuclear power stations

author's direction by Electricit6 de France.

carried out under the T h e author explains methods of processing data and hydrological measure

-

ments, but concentrates mainly on the mechanism of the flow phenomenon and its probability

.

T h e chapter on evaporation deals with the effects of nuclear and conventional power stations as well as irrigation.

There are also a few pages on artificial rain.

No attention, however, is paid to the hydrological problems involved in the collection of basic data (description of water-level recorder or the use of a current meter), in the actual carrying out of the work or in the management of hydraulic works (flood propagation, forecasting). The author explains in the Preface that in France these matters are usually dealt with in general hydraulics courses. There is also no mention of the chemical quality of water.

Meteorology and statistics are given the necessary attention as disciplines related to hydrology.

T h e subject is dealt with at university level. Extensive knowledge of higher mathematics and physics is necessary to understand the text.

T h e first part of the book, devoted to the study of the principal factors of stream flow, is notable for its originality. T h e second part, however, concentrates on American hydrological methods and their application in France.

T o conclude, it can be said that M.Réménieras'famous work covers the needs of most engineers. F r o m this point of view, its use in higher education is rec- o m m e n d e d . Chapters I to

V

could be included in a. general hydrology text book for international use.

(40)

e.

Author:

Title : Publisher :

Dimensions :

M. ROCHE

HYDROLOGIE DE SURFACE (Surface H y d r olo gy)

Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre M e r , Paris, Gauthier -Villars, Publisher, Paris, 1963.

27x18,5 ^{c m ,}429 pages (205 figures, 57 tables).

(41)

e.

M.

R O C H E : Hydrologie de surface.

A n a l y s i s

refer- presen-

- - ----

C h a p t e r s

pages figures tables references tation ences

I.

II.

III.

IV.

V .

VI.

VII. VI11

. IX.

X.

Preface and general 5

- -

¹³ ¹⁹⁶¹

bibliography

Introduction: Statistics 37 6 4 9 and probability calcu-

lation in hydrology.

P

r e c ipitation . 52 37 15 10 Evaporation, 35

evapotranspiration and their

conditioning factors.

The physical 30 complex of a

drainage basin.

Hydr o m e t ri c stations. M e a - surement of discharge.

Hydrological 28 ob s e rvation

data.

Rational organi- 14 zation of a hydrological service.

L o w flow. 21 51

Floods in large 30 and m e d i u m

basins.

drology . Floods in small basins.

Studies of aver- 15 age discharge.

Analytical hy

-

²²

20

15 49

20 2 13 10

10 5

6 18

6 5

2 1

1961 t

1961

1960 t 1960

-

1960

-

t

-

1961

-

t

(42)

author

Region con-

t t

t

+

t

m O d M k a, M d

a O a,

.r(

.FI

4

$

C-i

d d d

Outline of basic principles. Instructions for calculation.

Measurement. Statistical study of data.

Study of intensity.

Temperature, air moisture, solar radiation, wind, evaporation, evapotranspiration.

Measurements.

Physiography of a drainage basin; soil and infiltration; influence of vegetation cover.

Gauges, current m e t e r s , gauging methods, data interpretation, chemical gauging.

Water -level observations, rating curves;

basic data, transformation tables.

Hydrometric and hydrometeorological net

-

works; data clas sification; hydrological year

-

books.

Depletion curve; characteristic discharge;

hydropluviometric cor relations , rece s sian graph.

Analysis of flood waves; statistical study of floods; flood forecasting; flood warning ser

-

vice.

T h e unit and synthetic hydrograph. Practical applications.

Long-term variation; calculations based on annual precipitation; specific average dis

-

charge and its determination for an u n k n o w n river.

(43)

e.

M.

R O C H E : Hydrologie de surface.

A n a l y s i s

C h a p t e r s

N u m b e r o f Date of Origi- nality of latest

refer- presen- pages figures tables references tation

ences

XI. Sediment trans

-

²⁰ ⁷ ² ¹⁷ ¹⁹⁶¹

port.

niques for desert areas.

XII. Special tech- 7 10

- - -

A n n e x 1 . English/ 5 F r e n c h glos-

sary of h y - dr 010 gical t e r m s . tables.

Ann.ex 2. Psychometric 40 1 2

- -

_- ^---

450 205 57 86:;: 1961

t

:$References 60% French, 3970 English, 1% G e r m a n .

(44)

Original research author by

Region con-

cerried Additional information on the contents.

O]

2

O N

Suspended sediment and bed load transport;

measurement of sediment discharge.

Difficulties: organization of studies; material organization of a field p r o g r a m m e .

S o m e 200 technical terms.

F o r temperature of humid reservoir T h = 5 O C to 45OC and differences between the tempera- tures of dry and humid reservoirs T -T = O O r,

to 25OC. s h

(45)

e.

M. ROCHE: Hydrologie de surface General assessment of the work.

M. R o c h e spent several years in Africa, w h e r e he organized and directed a Hydrological Service.

This is therefore a valuable textbook on the organization of hydrological ob- servation and m e a s u r e m e n t , as well as the processing and evaluation of data.

T h e book is based on practical experience. T h e author's a i m is to help hydrol- ogists in developing countries. H e concentrates on practical considerations, while not neglecting the essential theoretical groundwork. E a c h chapter of the book presents original work.

A s far as auxiliary sciences are concerned, the book deals with statistical methods

.

T h e reader should be versed in higher mathematics.

T h e textbook is confined to surface water and goes into detail with the excep- tion of water quality. T h e advice given on the organization of observation and data collection networks can be of great value to developing countries.

(46)

3. W o r k s in Russian

(47)

f.

Author:

Title:

Publisher:

Dimensions :

D. L. S O K O L O V S K I I RECHNOI S T O K

Osnovi teorii i praktiki raschetov

(River discharge, theoretical and practi- cal bases for calculation)

Third edition, revised and enlarged.

Gidrometeoizdat , Leningrad, 1968.

22x14 c m , 540 pages (192 figures, 89 tables)

(48)

f.

D.

L. SOKOLOVSKII:

Rechnoi stok.

A n a l y s i s

I

-__-

-I---

N u m b e r o f Date of Origi- latest nality of refer- presen-

-I--

C h a p t e r s

Preface to the three editions.

I. II..

III.

IV.

V.

VI.

VII.

para. 1. 1-1.2 Introduction.

para. 2. 1-2.4 Factors deter

-

mining runoff.

para. 3. 1-3.2 Main methods for runoff investigations.

para. 4.1-4.5 Water balance equations.

para. 5. 1-5.4 M e a n annual runoff.

para. 6.1-6.5 Variations of annual runoff and methods for their determination.

para. 7.1-7.5 Runoff distribution within the year.

VIII.

para. 8.1-8. 2 M i n i m u m runoff.

IX.

para. 9.1-9.4 Generalities of rainfall flood formation

&

principles of comput a t ion. ^'

4

17 40 45

13

49

42

46

12

19 - -

2

- ⁴⁵

5 12 37

15 7 45

2 4

16

22 13 45

24 5

49

22 15 42

4 2 16

I I -

176

1964

1967

1966

1967

1968 1966

1966

(49)

author

Region con-

-

_ _ _ ~ - - - I _ - ____ ^-^-^I^-^-^-^- _ _ I _ _ _

T h e contents of the text-book and its objectives.

History of runoff studies.

M

c

a

v)

a,

c

O N k a, IB a a

c,

c> O cd

a k d 3

+I

E

O

2

Influence of climatic, physiographic and agro- technical factors on runoff.

Statistical methods of river runoff studies and calculations.

Water balance of river basins and lakes with applications to the USSR and to the whole world.

Determination of m e a n annual runoff based on meteorological factors using charts of isometric lines and water -balance equations.

Regularities in variations of m e a n annual runoff. Relation of annual runoff a.nd meteorological factors. U s e of distribution curves.

Variations of ground-water component of annual runoff.

Seasonal variation of runoff. Main types of

river -runoff variations. Influence of phys iograph- ic factors and man's activity on seasonal variation of runoff.

Causes and methods for calculating minimum runoff.

Causes and calculations of floods. Reduction of maximum runoff and dis cha.r ge s.

Principles of analog computers for use in flood studies .

(50)

f.

D. L. S O K O L O V S K I 1 : R e c h n o i stok.

A n a l y s i s

N u m b e r o f Date of Origi-

C h a p t e r s

--

^latest ^{nality of}

refer- presen- pages figures tables references tation

ences

X.

XI

para. 10.1-10.4 M a x i m u m runoff due to snowmelt.

para. 1 1 . 1 - 1 1 . 5 M a x i m u m runoff due to rainfall floods.

XII. para. 12.1-12.7 Sediment trans

-

port.

XIII. para. 13. 1-13.4 River -runoff calculations.

References Appendices

58 24 3

108 44 16

1967

29 9 6 45 1967

26 8

-

³⁰ ¹⁹⁶⁸

24

15

-

⁶

~ ~ ~~~

547 192 8 9 546 1968

(51)

Original research author by

Region con-

rn e,

.ri

k c>

d

O

c

Id

c

.ri c>

E

4 z

E

M d 9

.rl

rn e, N k

rn e,

a e, O

(d

a k

c =r

c1

c>

E

O k

6i

Meteorological factors of snowmelting. Influence of land surface conditions. Methods for flood peaks and flood hydrograph computations.

Meteorological factors of flood formation.

Influence of land surface. Methods for c o m p u - tation of flood peaks and flood hydrographs.

U s e of distribution curves in m a x i m u m rainfall -runoff calculations.

Factors of sediment transport. Formulae and seasonal variations of sediment transport.

Formulae and calculations. Bed-load transport of dissolved solids. Mudfloods.

Methods for calculating the attenuation of floodpeak by reservoirs. R.unoff calculation for irrigation and drainage works.

Deviation of the ordinates of a binomial curve at different ratios of C and Cs.

V

(52)

f.

D. L.

SOKOLOVSKII: Rechnoi stok General assessment of the work

----

This ljook contains the courses on "River discharge and hydrological calculations"

given at higher technical hydrometeorology schools and universities in the U. S. S.

R.

The author limits the scope of the book to the subject of river discharge which he treats very profoundly,emphasising practical considerations.

Statistics is the only related field dealt with.

The author's wide knowledge and extensive practical experience in the fields of hydrology and teaching are evident throughout the book. The introduction and Chapters

IX, X, XI

on the calculation of m a x i m u m flood discharge, are especially valuable.

(53)

g.

Author:

Title:

Publisher:

Dimensions :

A . I. CHEBOTAREV

GIDROLOGIYA SUSHI

I

R A S C H E T I RECHNOGO S T O K A

(Continental hydrology and the calculation of streamflow)

Second edition, revised and enlarged Gidrometeoizdat , Leningrad, 1953 22x15 c m , 559 pages (198 figures,

94

tables)

(54)

A.

g. I.

CHEBOTAREV:

Gidrologiya suchi., .

A n a l y s i s

- - -

refer- presen-

----

C h a p t e r s

Preface

I.

II.

III.

IV.

V.

Introduction.

Water distribution and the water cycle in nature.

Climatological factors of the water cycle.

Ground water.

Lakes.

13 3 4 2 1950

-

6 2 26 16 4 1951

-

26 5 3 3 1950

-

VI.

Marshes. I I VII. Glaciers. 9

37 7 4 4. 1949

-

VIII.

Streams. 156

IX.

Calculation of 220 discharge.

- -

3

1 1

-

91 16 9

66 50 1 1

1953

-

1939

-

1952

-

1953 t

Conclus ion

~ ~~ ~

(55)

Original re search by

author

Region con-

a,

5

w O

?

O k k a,

c, c, .d

Aim and tasks of hydrology. Scope of hydrology.

Development of hydrology.

Basic characteristics of water. World wide distribution of water. Water cycle. Water balance of the world and of the U. S. S. R.

Air and soil temperature. Evaporation. Atm0

-

spheric precipitation.

Origin. Physical and hydrological characteris

-

tics of aquifers .Aspects of ground water. Basic laws of ground-water movement. Ground-water aquifers. Ground-water regime. Chemistry of ground water.

Generalities. Origin and types of lakes. Morphol- ogy of basins and morphometric characteris

-

tics of lakes. Water balance and level of lakes.

Dynamic phenomena on lakes and their ice cover.

Chemical composition of lake water, influence of sunlight, biological processes.

Origin of marshes. Their size and utilization.

Their hydrological regime.

Snow line. Conditions for formation and exis

-

tence of glaciers. Their movem-ent. Their m e l - ting. Types of glaciers. Glaciers in the U . S. S. R.

Stream networks, river systems. Drainage ba

-

sins. Valleys. T h e bed. Mechanism of m o v e

-

ment of water and beds. Regime. Variation of water level. Heat and ice regimes. Sediment discharge and modifications of a bed.

T h e water balance. Average discharge. L o n g - t e r m variations in discharge. Annual variations in discharge. Flood discharge f r o m rain and

snowmelt. L o w flow in s u m m e r and winter.

Allowance for the influence of agricultural and forestry improvements when calculating a re

-

gime .

Calculation of sediment transport.

(56)

A.

g.

I.

C H E B O T A R E V : Gidrologiya suchi i rascheti rechnogo stoka

General assessment of the work

T h e work w a s originally intended for use by technical schools of the U. S. S. R . hydrological service. The author gives a n excellent overall picture of the whole field of hydrology, then concentrates on the assessment of observation data and methods of calculation used in hydrological studies, completing his explanations with a large number of examples with figures.

Although the second edition has been enlarged in an attempt to meet, at least partly, the needs of m o r e advanced students, the book remains a practical

guide for hydrological calculations.

Chapters

VI11

and

IX,

constituting two-thirds of the book, are most notable for their originality, being the result of the author's wide experience in applied hydrology.

This book is intended for the instruction of future specialists of hydrological services and gives a detailed description of the hydrological conditions in the U. S. S.R.

(57)

h.

Author:

Title : Publis her : Dimensions :

M.A.VELIKANOV GIDROLOGIYA SUSHI

Fifth edition, revised and enlarged Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 1964 21.5x14.5 c m , 402 pages (122 figures,

16 tables)

(58)

h.

M. A. V E L I K A N O V : Gidroiogiya suchi.

A n a l y s i s

N u m b e r o f Date of Origi-

-

^latest ^nality^of

refer

-

^presen-

-- --

C h a p t e r s

pages figures tables refer- ences tation ences

Preface 2

-

I.

Introduction. 19 1

2. Physical bases 6

of hydrological phenomena.

3. D y n a m i c s of 17 water m a s s e s .

4. Evaporation. 30

5. Atmospheric precipitation and condensa

-

tion.

6. The water cy- cle and balance

25

20 4

7. Stream net

-

¹⁹ ¹²

8. Stream beds. 15 5

works.

9. F l o w . 24 1 1

1

4

6

4

7

t

1962

-

t

1961

-

t

1962 t t

1962