MASPEGHI 2004 Mechanisms for Speialization, Generalization and Inheritance
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(2) LABORATOIRE. INFORMATIQUE, SIGNAUX ET SYSTÈMES DE SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS UMR 6070. P ROCEEDINGS OF T HE 3 RD I NTERNATIONAL W ORKSHOP ON M ECH A NISMS FOR SPE CIALIZATION , G ENERALIZATION AND IN H ER I TANCE MASPEGHI’04 Oslo, Norway, 15 June 2004 At ECOOP 2004, 14 - 18 June 2004. Ph. Lahire, G. Arévalo, H. Astudillo, A.P. Black, E. Ernst,. M. Huchard, M. Sakkinen, P. Valtchev (eds.). L ABORATOIRE I3S: Les Algorithmes / Euclide B – 2000 route des Lucioles – B.P. 121 – 06903 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex, France – Tél. (33) 492 942 701 – Télécopie : (33) 492 942 898 http://www.i3s.unice.fr.
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(4) Organization and Program Committee Philippe Lahire (primary contact) Laboratoire d’Informatique Signaux et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Bâtiment Euclide, Les Algorithmes, 2000 route des Lucioles, BP 121, 06903 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France. E-mail: Philippe.Lahire@unice.fr Url : http://www.i3s.unice.fr/~lahire Gabriela Arévalo Software Composition Group Institut für Informatikund angewandte Mathematik, Neubrückstrasse 10, 3012 Bern, Switzerland E-mail: arevalo@iam.unibe.ch Url: http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~arevalo/ Hernán Astudillo Departamento de Informática, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María Valparaíso, Chile. E-mail: hernan@acm.org Url : http://www.ime.usp.br/~ha/ Andrew P. Black Department of Computer Science & Engineering, OGI School of Science & Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University 20000 NW Walker Road, Beaverton, OR 97229, USA. Email: black@cse.ogi.edu Url: http://www.cse.ogi.edu/~black/ Erik Ernst Department of Computer Science, University of Aarhus, Åbogade 34, DK-8200 Århus N, Denmark. E-mail: eernst@daimi.au.dk Url : http://www.daimi.au.dk/~eernst/ Marianne Huchard Laboratoire d’Informatique, de Robotique et Microelectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), 161, rue Ada, 34392 Montpellier cedex 5, France. E-mail: huchard@lirmm.fr Url : http://www.lirmm.fr/~huchard/ Markku Sakkinen Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, P.O.Box 35 (Agora), FIN-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland. E-mail: sakkinen@cs.jyu.fi Url : http://www.cs.jyu.fi/~sakkinen/ Petko Valtchev Département d’Informatique et recherche opérationnelle (DIRO), Université de Montréal, CP 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3C 3J7. E-mail: petko.valtchev@umontreal.ca Url : http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~valtchev/. ii.
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(6) About the Workshop. This workshop may be seen as an heir to the past versions of MASPEGHI (at OOIS 2002 and ASE 2003) and of the Inheritance Workshop (at ECOOP 2002). This is multiple inheritance between workshops, and so we intend to apply the results of the previous workshops to the organization of this one, while at the same time making it possible to reuse the results of this workshop in the next one (MASPEGHI 2005). MASPEGHI 2004 will continue the discussion about mechanisms for managing specialization and generalization of programming language components: inheritance and reverse inheritance, specialization and generalization, and other forms of inheritance, multiple, single, mixin or trait-based. The scope of the workshop reflects two main concerns: (i) the various uses of inheritance, and (ii) the difficulties of implementation and control of inheritance in practical applications. Different communities, such as the design methods, database, knowledge representation, data mining, object programming language and modelling communities, address these concerns in different ways. Thus, one of our goals is to bring together a diverse set of participants to compare and contrast the use, implementation and control of inheritance as practiced in these communities.. MASPEGHI 2004 will continue the discussion about mechanisms for managing and manipulating specialization and generalization hierarchies: inheritance and reverse inheritance, specialization and generalization, interface and implementation inheritance, multiple, single, mixin and trait-based inheritance, etc. We are concerned with both the uses of inheritance, and the difficulties of implementing and controlling it. These concerns are reflected differently by disciplines such as databases, knowledge discovery and representation, modelling and design methods, object programming languages, with emphasis put either on problem domain modelling or on organizing the computational artefacts that simulate the. iv.
(7) domain. For example, in knowledge representation, the modelling role of classes prevails: hierarchies are repositories of validated knowledge, which support the acquisition of new knowledge. In analysis and design, the purpose of the hierarchy shifts as the design matures from modelling to organizing. Hence, modern OOA&D methods support the gradual evolution of class hierarchies from one use to the other. Despite the wide use of specialization hierarchies, there is no standard methodology for constructing and maintaining them independently from the domains that they represent and the artefacts that they organize. We hope that this workshop will provide participants a way to learn from each other and work together to develop such a methodology.. The Worksop organisers Gabriela Arévalo, Hernán Astudillo, Andrew P. Black, Erik Ernst, Marianne Huchard, Philippe Lahire, Markku Sakkinen, Petko Valtchev. v.
(8) Workshop Organization. This workshop is organized in four sessions: • Session 1: Form and Transform, Dealing with evolution • Session 2: Class composition • Session 3: Different kinds of subclassing relationships • Session 4: Contradiction between desired subtyping/specialization relation and language mechanism Here are some more details about the topics addressed by these sessions. Form and Transform, Dealing with evolution In this topic, we would like to explore the way methodologies, languages and tools can help us or at the contrary bother when dealing with hierarchy construction and evolution. The papers of the session more precisely raise two questions: Is it realistic to imagine that automated procedures will guide or even replace expertise of human designers? Which type of help can we expect from these automatic tools? Would the use of automatic tools lead to uniformly-shaped (normalized) hierarchies? Is such a kind of normalization desirable or not? Some forms of evolution (like inserting classes in the middle of the hierarchy, or new features to classes already in use) are really difficult with standard languages without changing other parts in user programs. Nevertheless they are necessary in many situations because requirements and knowledge of the domain evolve. Is it a good thing to admit such forms of evolution? Discuss language features which would admit such forms of evolution. Class composition Is class composition worthwhile? Pro: it is powerful. Con: the resulting software is complex and hard to maintain. Different kinds of subclassing relationships In UML it is possible to provide a more accurate definition of the kind of inheritance to use through the specification of tagged values and/or UML profiles. Should we use this facility when we design an application? How many kinds of inheritance relationships are needed? If we use several kinds of relationships is it suitable to get also several kinds of inheritance relationships within programming languages or systems? How many kinds does your language/system/.. have or should have according to your point of view? Contradiction between desired subtyping/specialization relation and language mechanism What to do when the desired subtyping relation that one would like to exploit in one's program does not match the particular subclassing mechanism that one has employed to create that program? For example programming, inheritance is often employed as a reuse mechanism, with no intent to create a subtype. And subtypes can be built through many mechanisms other than inheritance. What facilities should languages offer to deal with this distinction, and how can existing languages be used to address it?. vi.
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(10) Table of Contents. Object Identity Typing: Bringing Distinction between Object Behavioural Extension and Specialization ……………………………………………………………….. 1 Chitra Babu, and D Janakiram A Reverse Inheritance Relationship Dedicated to Reengineering: The Point of View of Feature Factorization ……...…..…………………………………………………...…….... 9 Ciprian-Bogdan Chirila, Pierre Crescenzo, and Philippe Lahire Mathematical Use Cases lead naturally to non-standard Inheritance Relationships How to make them accessible in a main stream language ….…………………………… 15 Marc Conrad, Tim French, Carsten Maple, and Sandra Pott Proposals for Multiple to Single Inheritance Transformation ….……………………… 21 Michel Dao, Marianne Huchard, Thérése Libourel, Anne Pons, and Jean Villerd The Expression Problem, Scandinavian Style ….………………………………...……… 27 Erik Ernst The Logic of Inheritance ….………………………………..……………………...……… 31 DeLesley Hutchins An anomaly of subtype relations at component refinement and a generative solution in C++ ….……………………………………………..……..……………………....……… 39 Zoltan Porkolab, and Istvan Zolyomi Java with Traits - Improving Opportunities for Reuse …………….…………...……… 45 Philip J. Quitslund, and Andrew P. Black Merging conceptual hierarchies using concept lattices …………..……………...……… 51 Mohamed H. Rouane, Petko Valtchev, Houari Sahraoui, and Marianne Huchard Behaviour consistent Inheritance with UML Statecharts …………………..…...……… 59 Markus Stumptner, and Michael Schrefl Domain Modeling in Self Yields Warped Hierarchies ………….…………..…...……… 65 Ellen Van Paesschen, Wolfgang De Meuter, and Theo D’Hondt Inheritance Decoupled: It's More Than Just Specialization ………………..…...……… 73 L. Robert Varney, and D. Stott Parker. viii.
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