Formal Analysis of the Startup Delay of SOME/IP Service Discovery

)RUPDO $QDO\VLV RI WKH 6WDUWXS 'HOD\ RI 620(,3 6HUYLFH 'LVFRYHU\

CM _X a2vH2`<sup>ਗ਼</sup>- h?BHQ ai`2B+?2`i<sup>ਗ਼</sup>- JB+?2H :HĽ - LB+QHb Lp2i<sup>¡</sup>- CɃ`;2M h2B+? 

ਗ਼J2`+2/2b@"2Mx *`b .2p2HQTK2Mi- L2irQ`FBM;  aiM/`/ aQ7ir`2 Ĝ .BKH2` :

1KBH, &DMXb2vH2`%i?BHQXbi`2B+?2`i'!/BKH2`X+QK

 .2T`iK2Mi Q7 *QKTmi2` a+B2M+2 Rk Ĝ lMBp2`bBiv Q7 1`HM;2M@Lm`2K#2`;

¡6+mHiû /2b a+B2M+2b- /2 H h2+?MQHQ;B2 2i /2 H *QKKmMB+iBQM Ĝ lMBp2`bBiû /m Gmt2K#Qm`;

#bi`+iěM miQKQiBp2 M2irQ`F M22/b iQ bi`i mT rBi?BM i?2 KBHHBb2+QM/ `M;2X h?Bb BM+Hm/2b i?2 T?vbB+H bi`imT- i?2 bQ7ir`2 #QQi iBK2- M/ i?2 +QM};m`iBQM Q7 i?2 M2irQ`FX h?2 BMi`Q/m+iBQM Q7 1i?2`M2i BMiQ i?2 miQKQ@

iBp2 BM/mbi`v 2tTM/2/ i?2 /2bB;M bT+2 /`biB+HHv M/ Bb BM+`2bBM; i?2 +QKTH2tBiv Q7 +QM};m`BM; 2p2`v 2H2K2Mi BM i?2 M2irQ`FX hQ // KQ`2 ~2tB#BHBiv iQ miQKQiBp2 1i?2`M2i M2i@

rQ`Fb- i?2 +QM+2Ti Q7 a2`pB+2 .Bb+Qp2`v rb KB;`i2/ 7`QK +QMbmK2` 2H2+i`QMB+b iQ lhPa_ rBi?BM i?2 aPJ1fAS KB//H2r`2X  M2irQ`F Bb MQi 7mHHv 7mM+iBQMH mMiBH 2p2`v +HB2Mi ?b 7QmM/ Bib b2`pB+2X *QMb2[m2MiHv- i?Bb iBK2 BMi2`pH

//b iQ i?2 bi`imT iBK2 Q7  M2irQ`FX h?Bb rQ`F T`2b2Mib  7Q`KH MHvbBb KQ/2H iQ +H+mHi2 i?2 rBiBM; iBK2 Q7 2p2`v +HB2Mi iQ `2+2Bp2 i?2 }`bi Qz2` 7`QK Bib b2`pB+2X h?2 KQ/2H Bb #H2 iQ /2i2`KBM2 i?2 rQ`bi +b2 Q7  ;Bp2M T`K2i2` b2iX

"b2/ QM i?Bb-  K2i?Q/ 7Q` +H+mHiBM; i?2 iQiH bi`imT iBK2 Q7  bvbi2K Bb /2`Bp2/X h?2 KQ/2H Bb BKTH2K2Mi2/ BM

 7`22@iQ@mb2 Q+ip2 T`Q;`K M/ pHB/i2/ #v +QKT`BM;

i?2 MHviB+H `2bmHib iQ  iBKBM;@++m`i2 bBKmHiBQM M/

M 2tT2`BK2MiH b2imTX

AM 2p2`v +b2 i?2 rQ`bi@+b2 bbmKTiBQM ?QH/b i`m2 Ĝ i?2 ;T

#2ir22M i?2 KtBKmK Q7 i?2 bBKmHiBQM M/ i?2 T`2b2Mi2/

K2i?Q/ Bb H2bb i?M RXj WX

AX AMi`Q/m+iBQM

h?Bb rQ`F BMi`Q/m+2b  K2i?Q/ iQ +H+mHi2 i?2 rQ`bi@+b2 +QM};m`iBQM iBK2 Q7  bvbi2K mbBM; miQKQiBp2 1i?2`M2i rBi?

b2`pB+2 /Bb+Qp2`v b /2}M2/ BM lhPa_ (R)X Ai Bb T`iB+mH`Hv BKTQ`iMi iQ FMQr i?Bb iBK2 b i?2 iQiH bi`imT iBK2 7`QK TQr2` /QrM iQ 7mHH +QKKmMB+iBQM +QMbBbib Q7 i?2 T?vbB+H #QQi iBK2 M/ i?2 +QM};m`iBQM iBK2 Q7 i?2 bvbi2K M/ M22/b iQ #2 BM i?2 KBHHBb2+QM/ `M;2X h?2 +QM};m`iBQM iBK2 Bb }MBb?2/ b bQQM b 2p2`v MQ/2 BM i?2 bvbi2K Bb #H2 iQ 7mHHv +QKKmMB+i2X 1i?2`M2i rb BMi`Q/m+2/ BM i?2 miQKQiBp2 BM/mbi`v #2+mb2 Q7 Bib ?B;? #M/rB/i? M/ ?B;? ;`/2 Q7 biM/`/BxiBQM (Ry)X AM +QKT`BbQM iQ iQ/vb miQKQiBp2 #mb bvbi2Kb HBF2 *L- GAL-

M/ 6H2t_v- 1i?2`M2i Bb  brBi+?2/ M2irQ`F rBi? 7mHH@/mTH2t HBMFbX h?2 +m``2Mi BM@+` +QKKmMB+iBQM Bb /2}M2/ #v i?2 b2M/2`b r?2`2b i?2 `2+2Bp2`b +M }Hi2` BM ?`/r`2 r?B+? /i mMBib US.l V i?2v rMi iQ `2+2Bp2X b  `2bmHi- 1H2+i`QMB+ *QMi`QH lMBib U1*l bV M22/ iQ #2 Q`;MBx2/ BM +QKKmMB+iBQM +Hmbi2`bX h?2b2 +Hmbi2`b +QMiBM HH 1*lb i?i b?`2 +QKKmMB+iBQM ~Qrb

M/ +QMbBbi Q7  #mb Q` b2p2`H #mb2b i?i `2 +QMM2+i2/ Qp2`

;i2rvbX 1p2`v T`iB+BTMi `2+2Bp2b 2+? S.l i?i Bb b2Mi rBi?BM i?Bb +Hmbi2`X h?Bb bQ@+HH2/ #`Q/+bi +QKKmMB+iBQM Bb biBHH TQbbB#H2 rBi? brBi+?2/ 1i?2`M2i M2irQ`Fb #mi i?Bb `2bmHib BM  TQQ` 2{+B2M+v #2+mb2 2p2`v 7`K2 M22/b iQ #2 `2+2Bp2/

M/ }Hi2`2/ #Qp2 PaA Hv2` 9X aBM+2 M miQKQiBp2 M2irQ`F +QMbBbib Q7 2K#2//2/ bvbi2Kb r?2`2 `2bQm`+2 mb;2 Bb +`m+BH- +QKKmMB+iBQM M/ #mz2` 2{+B2M+v `2 BKTQ`iMi T`K2i2`bX

b  `2bmHi- i?2 +QKKmMB+iBQM BM 2K#2//2/ TQBMi@iQ@TQBMi M2irQ`Fb b?QmH/ KBMHv +QMbBbi Q7 mMB@ M/ KmHiB+bi K2bb;2bX h?Bb +M QMHv #2 `2HBx2/ #v /2}MBM; i?2 b2M/2`f`2+2Bp2`

`2HiBQMb M/ biiB+HHv +QM};m`BM; TQ`ib b r2HH b AS@//`2bb2bX

miQKQiBp2 M2irQ`Fb `2 KQbiHv 2M;BM22`2/ M/ biiB+ r?B+?

K2Mb i?i Bi Bb BM T`BM+BTH TQbbB#H2 iQ biQ`2 HH +QM};m`iBQMb r?B+? `2 M22/2/ BM i?2 lhPa_ bvbi2K /2b+`BTiBQM (k)X AM

i?Bb +b2- i?2 P1J M22/b iQ KM;2 i?2 iQTQHQ;v- i?2 i`{+-

M/ i?2 +QM};m`iBQM Q7 2p2`v M2irQ`F BM 2p2`v p`BMi Q7 2+?

+`X h?Bb `2bmHib BM M 2ti`2K2Hv /B{+mHi M/ +QKTH2t M2irQ`F

/KBMBbi`iBQMX //BiBQMHHv- i?Bb TT`Q+? Bb p2`v biiB+X h?2 KB;`iBQM Q7 7mM+iBQMHBiv 7`QK QM2 1*l iQ MQi?2` rQmH/ `2bmHi BM  ?B;? KQmMi Q7 `2+QM};m`iBQM- KFBM; i?2 T`Q+2bb p2`v 2tT2MbBp2 7Q` H`2/v T`Q/m+2/ +`bX

AM +QMbmK2` 2H2+i`QMB+b- i?2 ivTB+H HQ+H `2 M2irQ`F Bb MQi biiB+X 1i?2`M2i M/ Bib ?B;?2` T`QiQ+QH Hv2`b Ĝ 2bT2+BHHv AS QM i?2 M2irQ`F Hv2` Ĝ `2 /2bB;M2/ rBi? i?2 T`2KBb2 Q7 M Hrvb

`mMMBM; M2irQ`F iQ r?B+? MQ/2b `2 +QMM2+i2/ M/ `2KQp2/

/vMKB+HHvX h?2 M2rHv //2/ MQ/2b M22/ iQ `2;Bbi2` BM i?2 M2irQ`F M/ }M/ Qmi r?i 7mM+iBQMHBiv i?2 Qi?2` T`iB+BTMib BM i?2 M2irQ`F +M Qz2`X h?Bb Bb ivTB+HHv /QM2 #v mbBM; i?2 a2`pB+2 GQ+iBQM S`QiQ+QH M/ a2`pB+2 .Bb+Qp2`v (j- d)X h?Bb T`BM+BTH2 rb KQp2/ BMiQ i?2 miQKQiBp2 BM/mbi`v rBi? i?2 a+H#H2 a2`pB+2@P`B2Mi2/ JB//H2r`2 QM AS UaPJ1fASV QM iQT Q7 brBi+?2/ 1i?2`M2iX "mi aPJ1fAS BMi`Q/m+2b Qp2`?2/ rBi?BM i?2 bi`imT M/ i `mMiBK2X

h?Bb rQ`F T`2b2Mib- iQ i?2 #2bi Q7 Qm` FMQrH2/;2- i?2 }`bi

MHviB+H TT`Q+? QM i?2 bi`imT iBK2 Q7 aPJ1fAS@a. M/

T`QpB/2b  7`22@iQ@mb2 T`Q;`K i?i /2`Bp2b i?2 rQ`bi@+b2 bi`imT iBK2 M/  rQ`bi@+b2 T`K2i2`@b2i 7Q`  ;Bp2M 1i?2`M2i M2irQ`FX

AAX _2Hi2/ qQ`F

h?2 `#Bi`iBQM Q7 1i?2`M2i QmiTmi TQ`ib ivTB+HHv 7QHHQrb  bi`B+i@T`BQ`Biv M/ MQM@T`22KTiBp2 UaSLSV b+?2/mHBM; TT`Q+?- 7Q` r?B+? HQ+H 7Q`KH MHvbBb Bb r2HH mM/2`biQQ/ (9)X arBi+?2/

1i?2`M2i +QK#BM2b b2p2`H /i bi`2Kb Q7 i?2 bK2 T`BQ`Biv Q`/2`2/ BM 6A6PbX h?2 mb;2 Q7 1i?2`M2i BM BM/mbi`BH miQK@

iBQM- pBQMB+b- M/ i?2 miQKQiBp2 BM/mbi`v `2[mB`2b  7Q`KH rQ`bi@+b2 MHvbBbX h?2 irQ KQbi r2HH FMQrM K2i?Q/b `2

`2H@iBK2 +H+mHmb U_h*V (ky) M/ +QKTQbBiBQMH T2`7Q`KM+2

MHvbBb U*SV (N- Re- Rd)X "Qi? ?p2 #22M bm++2bb7mHHv TTHB2/ iQ brBi+?2/ 1i?2`M2i (e- R9- R8) M/ (8- R8- R3- RN)X hQ 2pHmi2 i?2

`2H@iBK2 #2?pBQ` Q7  bvbi2K- MQi QMHv i?2 +QKKmMB+iBQM /2Hv /m2 iQ i?2 `#Bi`iBQM BM i?2 QmiTmi TQ`ib #mi M TTHB+iBQM@

iQ@TTHB+iBQM /2Hv Bb BKTQ`iMiX b  `2bmHi- i?2 iBKBM; Q7 2+? PaA Hv2` Kmbi #2 +QMbB/2`2/X h?2 iBKBM; Q7 i?2 M2irQ`F bi`imT T?b2 Bb Q7 bT2+BH BMi2`2bi #2+mb2 i?2 mb2` 2tT2+ib  7bi `2bTQMb2 iBK2 7`QK i?2 +`X JBHH2` (Rj) /2i2`KBM2/ i?i i?2 HBKBi Q7 i?2 `2bTQMb2 iBK2 ;BpBM; i?2 mb2` i?2 722HBM; i?i

 bvbi2K Bb `2+iBM; BMbiMiM2QmbHv Bb #Qmi  KBHHBb2+QM/bX PM2 Q7 i?2 }`bi i?BM;b i?i  mb2` T2`+2Bp2b r?2M 2Mi2`BM;  +`

Bb i?2 BMi2`BQ` HB;?i- r?2`2 MQ /Bz2`2M+2 #2ir22M i?2 im`MBM; QM Q7 i?2 /Bz2`2Mi HB;?i bQm`+2b b?QmH/ #2 THT#H2X b  `2bmHi- i?2 /2KM/2/ bi`imT iBK2 Q7 iQ/vb #mb bvbi2Kb Bb #2HQr R8y KbX Ai Bb 7Q`2b22#H2 i?i i?2 HBKBib 7Q` 1i?2`M2i rBHH HbQ #2 rBi?BM i?2 KBHHBb2+QM/ `M;2X

b  `2K2/v- i?Bb TT2` BMi`Q/m+2b  i2+?MB[m2 iQ MHvx2 i?2 bi`imT iBKBM; Q7  bvbi2K mbBM; aPJ1fAS a2`pB+2 .Bb+Qp2`v QM

i?2 TTHB+iBQM Hv2` iQ b2i mT HH +QKKmMB+iBQMb Ti?b rBi?BM i?2 bvbi2KX  bi`imT /2Hv Q7 2p2`v +HB2Mi BM i?2 bvbi2K rBHH #2 +H+mHi2/ r?B+? Bb /2}M2/ b i?2 iBK2 #2ir22M i?2 +HB2Mi #2BM;

`2/v M/ `2+2BpBM; i?2 }`bi Qz2` 7`QK i?2 b2`pB+2- Bi rMib iQ bm#b+`B#2 iQX

AAAX 6mM+iBQMH .2b+`BTiBQM Q7 aPJ1fAS a2`pB+2 .Bb+Qp2`v

aPJ1fAS (R) Bb  KB//H2r`2 i?i Bb /2p2HQT2/ rBi?

miQKQiBp2 mb2+b2b BM KBM/X AM +QMi`bi iQ +QMbmK2` 2H2+i`QMB+b- i?2 7Q+mb Bb MQi i?2 HQ+iBQM Q7 b2`pB+2b #mi i?2 pBH#BHBiv Q7 b2`pB+2bX h?2 T`2KBb2 Bb- i?i HH +HB2Mib M/ b2`pB+2b `2 H`2/v +QMM2+i2/ iQ i?2 M2irQ`FX h?2 M2irQ`F Bb BMBiBHHv TQr2`2/ /QrMX

7i2`  bi`imT 2p2Mi-  bm#b2i Q7 HH MQ/2b rBHH rF2 mT M/ i?2 b2`pB+2b M/ +HB2Mib QM i?2b2 MQ/2b rBHH bi`iX aPJ1fAS a2`pB+2 .Bb+Qp2`v UaPJ1fAS@a.V +M #2 mb2/ iQ b2i mT +QKKmMB+iBQM Ti?b BM i?Bb T?b2X  b2`pB+2 b r2HH b  +HB2Mi ?b i?`22 T?b2b, i?2 AMBiBH qBi S?b2- i?2 _2T2iBiBQM S?b2- M/ i?2 JBM S?b2X  b2`pB+2 b2M/b Qz2` K2bb;2b rBi?BM i?2 M2irQ`FX h?2b2

#`Q/+bi K2bb;2b `2 mb2/ iQ Qz2` b2`pB+2b rBi?BM  M2irQ`FX h?2v +QMbBbi Q7  ivT2- b2`pB+2 A.- BMbiM+2 A.- p2`bBQM- M/  iBK2@iQ@HBp2 }2H/X  +HB2Mi mb2b }M/ K2bb;2b iQ HQ+i2 b2`pB+2b BM

 M2irQ`FX  }M/ K2bb;2 Bb HbQ  #`Q/+bi K2bb;2 +QMiBMBM;

i?2 b2`pB+2 M/ BMbiM+2 A. M/ p2`bBQM Q7 i?2 b2`+?2/ b2`pB+2 (R)X h?Bb b2+iBQM /2b+`B#2b i?2 iBKBM; `2H2pMi #2?pBQ` Q7 2p2`v T?b2 7Q`  +HB2Mi M/  b2`pB+2 r?B+? Bb /2TB+i2/ BM 6B;m`2 RX

X h?2 AMBiBH qBi S?b2

h?Bb Bb i?2 }`bi T?b2  +HB2Mi Q` b2`pB+2 2Mi2`b 7i2` i?2 .PqL T?b2X Ai Bb BMi`Q/m+2/ iQ T`2p2Mi BMBiBH #m`bib i?i +QmH/ DK i?2 bvbi2KX

RV *HB2Mi,  +HB2Mi 2Mi2`b i?2 AMBiBH qBi S?b2 B7 Bi Bb

`2[m2bi2/ 7`QK rBi?BM i?2 TTHB+iBQM Hv2`X Ai bivb rBi?BM i?Bb T?b2 7Q`  `M/QK iBK2 #2ir22M a/*HB2MihBK2`AMBiBH6BM/.2@

HvJBM M/ a/*HB2MihBK2`AMBiBH6BM/.2HvJt (+7X R- +?X dXdXk)X qBi?BM i?Bb T?b2- i?2 +HB2Mi bivb bBH2Mi- BX2X MQ }M/ K2bb;2b

`2 b2MiX A7 M Qz2` Q7 i?2 b2`pB+2- i?i i?2 +HB2Mi rMib iQ }M/- Bb

`2+2Bp2/ rBi?BM i?Bb T?b2- i?2 +HB2Mi bFBTb Bib _2T2iBiBQM S?b2

M/ i`MbBib /B`2+iHv iQ Bib JBM S?b2X

kV a2`pB+2,  b2`pB+2 2Mi2`b i?2 AMBiBH qBi S?b2 B7 Bib bii2 Bb +?M;2/ iQ pBH#H2X Jm+? HBF2 i?2 +HB2Mi- i?2 b2`pB+2 `2KBMb BM i?Bb T?b2 7Q`  `M/QK iBK2 #2ir22M a/a2`p2`hBK2`AMB@

iBHPz2`.2HvJBM M/ a/a2`p2`hBK2`AMBiBHPz2`.2HvJt M/

i?2 b2`pB+2 HbQ bivb bBH2MiX "mi mMHBF2 i?2 +HB2Mi- Mv }M/

K2bb;2 `2+2Bp2/ BM i?Bb T?b2 Bb B;MQ`2/X h?2`2 Bb MQ +?M+2 BM r?B+? i?2 b2`pB+2 bFBTb Bib _2T2iBiBQM S?b2X

"X h?2 _2T2iBiBQM S?b2

h?Bb T?b2 2M#H2b  b?Q`i bi`imT /2Hv rBi? b?Q`i T2`BQ/b

#2ir22M i?2 }M/ M/ Qz2` K2bb;2b r?2`2b Bi Bb HbQ TQbbB#H2 iQ F22T i?2 //BiBQMH M2irQ`F HQ/ +mb2/ #v i?2 a. KQ/mH2

b HQr b TQbbB#H2 BM i?2 JBM S?b2X

RV *HB2Mi, b bQQM b Bi 2Mi2`b i?2 _2T2iBiBQM S?b2-  +HB2Mi b2M/b Bib }`bi KmHiB+bi }M/ K2bb;2X 1p2`v b2Mi K2bb;2 Bb +QmMi2/ BM 6M/*Mi bi`iBM; rBi?  M/ i?2 iBK2 #2ir22M irQ bm++22/BM; }M/ K2bb;2 Bb +H+mHi2/ #v

ԣ_֋ ^6M/*Mi਼ *Hi_2T.2H mMiBH 6M/*Mi ପ *Hi_2TJtX

q?2M i?2 +HB2Mi `2+2Bp2b M Qz2` K2bb;2 7`QK i?2 b2`pB+2 Bi Bb b2`+?BM;- Bi biQTb b2M/BM; }M/ K2bb;2b- 2p2M i?Qm;? i?2 KtBKmK MmK#2` Q7 }M/ K2bb;2b *Hi_2TJt rb MQi `2+?2/X

kV a2`pB+2,  b2`pB+2 #2?p2b HKQbi 2t+iHv HBF2  +HB2Mi rBi? i?2 2t+2TiBQM Q7 i?2 `2+iBQM iQ  `2+2Bp2/ }M/ K2bb;2X AM i?Bb +b2- i?2 b2`pB+2 rBib  `M/QK iBK2 #2ir22M a/a2`p2`@

hBK2`_2[m2bi_2bTQMb2JBM.2Hv M/ a/a2`p2`hBK2`_2[m2bi_2@

bTQMb2Jt.2Hv (+7X R- +?X dX8Xj) M/ b2M/b  mMB+bi Qz2` iQ i?2 b2M/2` Q7 i?2 }M/ K2bb;2X h?Bb rBHH- ?Qr2p2`- MQi BM~m2M+2 i?2 MQ`KH #2?pBQm` rBi?BM i?2 _2T2iBiBQM S?b2 M/ i?2 b2`pB+2 +QMiBMm2b iQ b2M/ KmHiB+bi Qz2` K2bb;2b mMiBH i?2 KtBKmK MmK#2` Q7 Qz2` K2bb;2b ap+_2TJt Bb `2+?2/X

*X h?2 JBM S?b2

h?2 Tm`TQb2 Q7 i?Bb T?b2 Bb iQ F22T i?2 M2irQ`F HQ/

T`Q/m+2/ #v i?2 a. KQ/mH2 b HQr b TQbbB#H2 BM MQ`KH QT2`iBQMX "mi i?2 pBH#BHBiv Q7  b2`pB+2 b?QmH/ biBHH #2 bB;MHBx2/X b  `2bmHi-  +HB2Mi /Q2b MQi b2M/ Mv }M/ K2bb;2b BM Bib JBM S?b2X  b2`pB+2 +QMiBMm2b iQ b2M/ Qz2` K2bb;2b rBi?

 T2`BQ/ Q7 ap+*v+.2H iQ b?Qr Bib pBH#BHBivX Ai HbQ +QMiBMm2b iQ Mbr2` `2+2Bp2/ }M/ K2bb;2b b /2b+`B#2/ BM a2+iBQM AAA@"kX h?2 7QHHQrBM; b2+iBQM /2`Bp2b  b2i Q7 7Q`KmHb iQ +H+mHi2 i?2 bi`imT /2Hv ԣ<sup>ո</sup>+mb2/ #v aPJ1fAS@a. 7Q`  +HB2Mi rBi?BM

 ;Bp2M bvbi2KX ԣ^ո_քӴօ /2b+`B#2b i?2 bi`imT /2Hv Q7  +HB2Mi QM MQ/2 Ԙ i?i rMib iQ +QMbmK2 b2`pB+2 ԙX h?2 BMi2`pH bi`ib /B`2+iHv 7i2` *Hi"QQi.2H_քӴօ M/ }MBb?2b b bQQM b i?2 +HB2Mi

`2+2Bp2b M Qz2` 7`QK b2`pB+2 ԙX

AoX MHvbBb Q7 i?2 aPJ1fAS@a. ai`imT S?b2 h?Bb b2+iBQM /2b+`B#2b i?2 KBM +QMi`B#miBQM Q7 i?Bb TT2`,

 b2i Q7 7Q`KmHb iQ +H+mHi2 i?2 bi`imT /2Hv Q7  bvbi2K mbBM; aPJ1fAS@a.X h?2 7QHHQrBM; bbmKTiBQMb `2 K/2,

bbmKTiBQMb,

r  bvbi2K +QMbBbib Q7 b2p2`H MQ/2b r?B+? `2 +QMM2+i2/

mbBM; brBi+?2/ 1i?2`M2iX

r  MQ/2 +M #2 #Qi?  +HB2Mi Q7 b2p2`H `2KQi2 b2`pB+2b M/

b2`p2` 7Q` b2p2`H b2`pB+2bX

r 1+? b2`pB+2 Bb B/2MiB}2/ BM i?2 bvbi2K pB M mMB[m2 MmK#2`

ԙX

r 1p2`v b2`pB+2 QMHv ?b QM2 BMbiM+2 rBi?BM i?2 bvbi2KX r 6Q` QM2 bT2+B}+ b2`pB+2 i?2`2 +M #2 i KQbi QM2 +HB2Mi QM

2+? MQ/2X

r HH MQ/2b ?p2 p`vBM; #QQi iBK2b M/ ;2i +iBpi2/

bvM+?`QMQmbHvX

7i2` i?2 T`2KBb2b `2 b2i- H2i *Hi"QQi.2H<sub>քӴօ</sub> #2 i?2 iBK2 MQ/2 Ԙ M22/b iQ #QQi M/ bi`i i?2 AMBiBH qBi S?b2 Q7  +HB2Mi i?i rMib iQ }M/ b2`pB+2 ԙ rBi?BM i?2 M2irQ`FX 6m`i?2`- H2i ap+"QQi.2H_։Ӵօ#2 i?2 #QQi iBK2 Q7 MQ/2 ԝ QM r?B+? b2`pB+2 ԙ Bb

`mMMBM;X //BiBQMHHv- i?2 7QHHQrBM; T`K2i2`b Q7 b2`pB+2 ԙ QM MQ/2 ԝ `2 M22/2/ 7Q` i?2 +H+mHiBQM,

.2}MBiBQM AoXR

ap+AMBi.2H_։Ӵօ, h?2 /m`iBQM r?B+? b2`pB+2 ԙ QM MQ/2 ԝ rBHH biv BM i?2 AMBiBH S?b2X

ap+_2T.2H_։Ӵօ, h?2 #b2 BMi2`pH rBi? r?B+? i?2 b2`pB+2 ԙ b2M/b Qz2` K2bb;2b BM i?2 _2T2iBiBQM S?b2X

ap+_2TJt_։Ӵօ, JtBKmK MmK#2` Q7 Qz2` K2bb;2b b2Mi BM i?2 `2T2iBiBQM T?b2 Q7 b2`pB+2 ԙX

ap+*v+.2H_։Ӵօ, h?2 BMi2`pH Q7 i?2 Qz2` K2bb;2b BM i?2 KBM T?b2X

ap+Mb.2H_։Ӵօ, JtBKmK iBK2 mMiBH  b2`pB+2 b2M/b M Mbr2`

iQ  `2+2Bp2/ }M/ K2bb;2X

6Q`  +HB2Mi QM MQ/2 Ԙ +QMbmKBM; b2`pB+2 ԙ i?2 7QHHQrBM;

/2}MBiBQMb `2 K/2,

DOWN

Service UP

Initial Wait Phase Repetition Phase

tx tx tx tx tx

Main Phase rx

Find received

tx SvcCycDel

SvcRepDel

SvcInitDel 1x 2x 4x SvcAnsDel

tx itD l

Find received SvcBootDel

1 2 3 4 5 = SvcRepMax

rx

DOWN

Client REQ

Initial Wait Phase Repetition Phase

tx tx tx tx tx

Main Phase rx

Offer received

tx CltInitDel 1x 2x 4x CltRepDel

CltBootDel

6B;m`2 R Ĝ h?2 bi`imT T?b2 Q7  aPJ1fAS a2`pB+2 UmTT2`V M/ *HB2Mi UHQr2`VX .2}MBiBQM AoXk

*HiAMBi.2H_քӴօ, h?2 /m`iBQM r?B+? i?2 +HB2Mi QM MQ/2 Ԙ rBHH biv BM i?2 AMBiBH S?b2X

*Hi_2T.2H_քӴօ, h?2 #b2 BMi2`pH rBi? r?B+? i?2 +HB2Mi b2M/b }M/ K2bb;2b 7Q` b2`pB+2 ԙ BM i?2 _2T2iBiBQM S?b2X

*Hi_2TJt_քӴօ, JtBKmK MmK#2` Q7 }M/ K2bb;2b b2Mi BM i?2 `2T2iBiBQM T?b2 Q7 2p2`v +HB2MiX

LQr- i?2 b+QT2 Bb iQ +H+mHi2 i?2 bi`imT /2Hv Q7  bvbi2K Q7 MQ/2b M/ i?2 rBiBM; iBK2 ԣ<sup>ո</sup><sub>քӴօ</sub>Q7 2+? +HB2Mi BM i?2 bvbi2KX ԣ<sup>ո</sup><sub>քӴօ</sub> /2b+`B#2b i?2 iBK2bTM i?i  +HB2Mi `mMMBM; QM MQ/2 Ԙ M22/b iQ }M/ i?2 b2`pB+2 ԙ iQ r?B+? Bi rMib iQ bm#b+`B#2 iQX h?2 iBK2bTM bi`ib b bQQM b i?2 +HB2Mi 2Mi2`b Bib AMBiBH qBi S?b2 M/

biQTb b bQQM b i?2 +HB2Mi `2+2Bp2b i?2 }`bi Qz2` 7`QK b2`pB+2 ԙX 1p2`v +HB2Mi ?b irQ TQbbB#H2 bii2b, 2Bi?2` `2[m2bi KQ/2- r?2`2 Bi rBHH b2M/ }M/ K2bb;2b BM i?2 _2T2iBiBQM S?b2 Q` HBbi2M KQ/2- r?2`2 Bi rBHH QMHv rBi 7Q` Qz2` K2bb;2bX GBF2rBb2-  b2`p2` +M 2Bi?2` #2 BM Qz2` KQ/2- r?2`2 Bi rBHH b2M/ Qz2` K2bb;2b BM i?2 _2T2iBiBQM S?b2 M/ i?2 JBM S?b2 Q` BM bBH2Mi KQ/2- r?2`2 Bi rBHH QMHv `2+i iQ }M/ K2bb;2bX ԣ^ո_քӴօ/Q2b +QMbBbi Q7 i?2 bQ7ir`2@`2Hi2/ /2Hv +H+mHi2/ Qmi Q7 i?2 T`K2i2`b /2}M2/

BM .2}MBiBQM AoXR M/ .2}MBiBQM AoXk- M/ i?2 +QKKmMB+iBQM /2Hv ԣ_վUM-BV Q7 i?2 i`MbKBii2/ K2bb;2b 7`QK MQ/2 ԝ iQ MQ/2 Ԙ- b22 6B;m`2 kX h?Bb /2Hv Bb i?2 rQ`bi@+b2 `2bTQMb2 iBK2 Ur+`iV Q7 i?2 +QMM2+i2/ +QKKmMB+iBQM i2+?MQHQ;v- BX2X 1i?2`M2i- mb2/

BM i?Bb bvbi2KX 6Q` i?Bb TT`Q+?- i?2 r+`i b +H+mHi2/ BM (R3) Bb mb2/X

hQ KF2 i?2 7Q`KmH KQ`2 `2/#H2- i?2 7QHHQrBM; /2}MBiBQMb

`2 K/2, .2}MBiBQM AoXj

ԣ_մ

ՓӱՏժ։ք֏ਾ ॐap+"QQi.2H_։Ӵօ ap+AMBi.2H_։Ӵօ॑ ԣ_{դՎӱՏժ։ք֏}ਾ ॐ*Hi"QQi.2H_քӴօ *HiAMBi.2H_քӴօ॑

ԩ_մਾ ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏}ਲ ԣ_{դՎӱՏժ։ք֏}

ԩ_դ ਾ *Hi"QQi.2H_քӴօਲ ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏}

hQ /2i2`KBM2 ԣ<sup>ո</sup>- i?2 MmK#2` Q7 H`2/v `2+2Bp2/ }M/

Uԍ_մV M/ Qz2` Uԍ<sub>դ</sub>V K2bb;2b rBi?BM i?2 _2T2iBiBQM S?b2 `2 M22/2/X AM i?2 7QHHQrBM; _2T.2H Bb bvMQMvK 7Q` ap+_2T.2H<sub>։Ӵօ</sub>Q`

*Hi_2T.2H_քӴօ- ԩ 7Q` ԩ<sub>մ</sub> Q` ԩ_դ- M/ `2bT2+iBp2Hv ԍ Bb  bvMQMvK 7Q` ԍ_մ Q` ԍ<sub>դ</sub>X b i?2 BMi2`pH #2ir22M irQ bm++22/BM; K2bb;2b

Service Client

t

z

t

Offer

UV ֏_ԾԴՓՎՙ ֏_ԮԴՓՎՙ

Service Client

t

z

U#V ֏_ԾԴՓՎՙ ֏_ԮԴՓՎՙ 6B;m`2 k Ĝ _2T`2b2MiiBQM Q7 i?2 p`B#H2b BM .2}MBiBQM AoXjX BM i?2 _2T2iBiBQM S?b2 Bb /Qm#HBM; rBi? 2p2`v `2;mH`Hv b2Mi K2bb;2- i?2 7QHHQrBM; BM2[miBQM M22/b iQ ?QH/,

ԩ ਲ ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ ଩

չ

௽

ֆЈ

^ֆ਼ _2T.2H URV

ԍ ୩ ත^Ј+M i?2M #2 +H+mHi2/ mbBM; i?2 T`QT2`iB2b Q7 ;2QK2i`B+

b2`B2b, ԩ ਲ ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ ଩

չ

௽

ֆЈ

^ֆ਼ _2T.2H  ऺ^չφਲ ऻ ਼ _2T.2H

ࡂ ԩ ਲ ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ

_2T.2H   ଩ ^չφ ]_2T.2H ଃ 

࠯ ԍ  রMPH_ϵনԩ ਲ ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ

_2T.2H  ঩঱ ਲ  ]ԍ   UkV A7  b2`pB+2 2t+22/b ap+_2TJt Qz2` K2bb;2b- Bi rBHH i`MbBi 7`QK Bib _2T2iBiBQM S?b2 iQ Bib JBM S?b2 r?B+? b2M/b Qz2`

K2bb;2b rBi? i?2 BMi2`pH a+p*v+.2HX AM i?Bb +b2- i?2 MmK#2`

Q7 H`2/v b2Mi T2`BQ/B+ Qz2` K2bb;2b Ԏ ୩ ත<sup>Ј</sup>Bb HbQ BKTQ`iMi 7Q` i?2 +H+mHiBQM,

Ԏ ਼ ap+*v+.2H ପ

ԩ_դਲ ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ ਲ ऺap+_2TJtφਲ ऻ ਼ ap+_2T.2H

࠮ Ԏ  রԩ_դਲ ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ ਲ ऺap+_2TJtφਲ ऻ ਼ ap+_2T.2H

ap+*v+.2H ঱ UjV

Service Client

Find t^Wi,j

Offer

UV @R

Service Client Offer

Find t^Wi,j

U#V @k

Service Client

t^Wi,j

Offer

U+V "@R

Service Client Offer

t^Wi,j

U/V "@k

Service Client

Find t^Wi,j

U2V *@R

Service Client

Find t^Wi,j

U7V *@k 6B;m`2 j Ĝ a2[m2M+2 +?`ib Q7 i?2 TQbbB#H2 aPJ1fAS a. bi`imT +QM};m`iBQMbX

hQ /BbTHv i?2 7Q`KmH BM  KQ`2 +QKT+i rv- i?2 7QHHQrBM;

/BbiBM+iBQM Bb M2+2bb`v, .2}MBiBQM AoX9

ࣙԍ  বԍ_դ B7 ԍ ଩ ap+_2TJt

ap+_2TJt 2Hb2 U9V

ࣙԎ  ব B7 ԍ ଩ ap+_2TJt

Ԏ 2Hb2 U8V

qBi? i?Bb FMQrH2/;2 Bi Bb MQr TQbbB#H2 iQ /2p2HQT i?2 7Q`KmHb iQ +H+mHi2 i?2 T`2@bm#b+`BTiBQM iBK2 Q7  +HB2Mi rBi?BM  bvbi2KX h?2 Ki?2KiB+H 7Q`KmHiBQM /2T2M/b QM i?2 bii2 Q7 i?2 bvbi2K- r?B+? H2/b iQ  +b2 /BbiBM+iBQM QM i?2 bii2 Q7 i?2 b2`pB+2 M/ i?2 +HB2MiX HH +b2b `2 /2TB+i2/ BM 6B;m`2 jX

AM `2HBiv- *Hi"QQi.2H<sub>քӴօ</sub>M/ ap+"QQi.2H<sub>։Ӵօ</sub>rBHH MQi #2 r2HH /2}M2/ #mi rBi?BM  `M;2 Q7 TQbbB#H2 pHm2bX 6BM/BM; i?2 rQ`bi@

+b2 T`K2i2` b2i `2[mB`2b iQ /2i2`KBM2 ԣ_մ

ՓӱՏժ։ք֏M/ ԣ_դ

ՎӱՏժ։ք֏

bm+? i?i ԣ^ո_քӴօBb KtBKmKX h?2 b2iiBM; Q7 i?2 T`K2i2`b /Q2b p`v BM i?2 7QHHQrBM; +b2b M/ Bb i?mb /QM2 b2T`i2HvX

X a2`pB+2 BM Pz2` JQ/2 M/ *HB2Mi BM _2[m2bi JQ/2

h?2 b2`pB+2 rBHH b2M/ Qz2` K2bb;2b BM Bib `2T2iBiBQM M/

Bib KBM T?b2 M/ i?2 +HB2Mi rBHH b2M/ }M/ K2bb;2b BM Bib

`2T2iBiBQM T?b2X hQ }M/ i?2 rQ`bi +b2- *Hi"QQi.2H_քӴօM22/b iQ

#2 +?Qb2M KBMBKH M/

ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏} NBY ०ap+"QQi.2H_։Ӵօ ap+_2T.2H_։Ӵօ१ 

7i2` i?2b2 T`K2i2`b `2 b2i- MQi?2` /BbiBM+iBQM Bb M2++2bb`v, RV ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏} ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ ପ *Hi"QQi.2H_քӴօ,

ԣ^ո_քӴօ ԩ_մ *HiAMBi.2H_քӴօ ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ UeV

kV ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏} ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ  *Hi"QQi.2H_քӴօ,

ԣ^ո_քӴօ NJO

৓৑

৒৑

৐

া ०^չφࣙ ਲ १ ap+_2T.2H_։Ӵօ

ࣙԎ ਼ ap+*v+.2H_։Ӵօ ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ ਲ ԩ_դ ি

*HiAMBi.2H_քӴօ  ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ  ap+Mb.2H_։Ӵօ

ৗ৕

৖৕

৔ UdV

"X a2`pB+2 BM Pz2` JQ/2 M/ *HB2Mi BM GBbi2M JQ/2

"2+mb2  b2`pB+2 /Q2b MQi T`Q+2bb }M/ K2bb;2b `2+2Bp2/ BM Bib BMBiBH T?b2- i?Bb +b2 +M #2 /2`Bp2/ 7`QK +b2 Ao@X 6Q`

i?2 +b2 /BbTHv2/ BM 6B;m`2 j+- ԣ<sup>ո</sup><sub>քӴօ</sub>Bb +H+mHi2/ b BM 7Q`KmH

UeVX A7 ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏} ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ  *Hi"QQi.2H_քӴօ b b?QrM BM 6B;m`2 j/-

ԣ^ո_քӴօ Bb +H+mHi2/ #v i?2 }`bi `Qr Q7 7Q`KmH UdV, ԣ^ո_քӴօ ०^չφࣙ ਲ १ ap+_2T.2H_։Ӵօ

ࣙԎ ਼ ap+*v+.2H_։Ӵօ ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ ਲ ԩ_դ U3V

*X a2`pB+2 BM aBH2Mi JQ/2 M/ *HB2Mi BM _2[m2bi JQ/2

AM i?Bb Hbi bii2- i?2 b2`pB+2 Bb bBH2Mi- r?B+? K2Mb i?i Bi /Q2b MQi b2M/ Mv Qz2` K2bb;2b mMH2bb Bi `2+2Bp2b  }M/ K2bb;2X h?2 +HB2Mi Bb b2M/BM; }M/ K2bb;2b BM Bib `2T2iBiBQM T?b2 rBi?

i?2 #b2 BMi2`pH Q7 *Hi_2T.2H_քӴօ ଃ X "2+mb2 }M/ K2bb;2b

`2 B;MQ`2/ BM i?2 BMBiBH T?b2 Q7 i?2 b2`pB+2- ap+AMBi.2H<sub>։Ӵօ</sub> b?QmH/ #2 +QM};m`2/ iQ X L2p2`i?2H2bb- i?2 7QHHQrBM; 7Q`KmH Bb

TTHB+#H2 iQ 2p2`v pHm2X AM /2iBH- i?2 rQ`bi@+b2 T`K2i2` b2i Bb /2i2`KBM2/ #v }`bi +H+mHiBM; Ӷ ୩ ත bm+? i?i Ӷ Bb KtBKmK

M/

ॐ^բφਲ ॑ ਼ *Hi_2T.2H_քӴօ NBY ०ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏}१

ࡂ Ӷ  ৢMPH_ϵাNBY ०ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏}१

*Hi_2T.2H_քӴօ  িৣ ਲ  UNV LQi2 i?i- B7 Ӷ  *Hi_2TJt ਲ - BM i?2 rQ`bi +b2 i?2 +HB2Mi rBHH M2p2` }M/ Bib b2`pB+2X 7i2` FMQrBM; Ӷ- ԣ_դ

ՎӱՏժ։ք֏M22/b iQ #2 /2i2`KBM2/ bm+? i?i *HiAMBi.2H<sub>քӴօ</sub>Bb KtBKmK rBi? `2bT2+i iQ,

ԣ_{դՎӱՏժ։ք֏} ॐ^բφਲ ॑ ਼ *Hi_2T.2H_քӴօ NBY ०ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏}१ a/*HB2MihBK2`AMBiBH6BM/.2HvJBM ଩ *HiAMBi.2H_քӴօ

*HiAMBi.2H_քӴօ଩ a/*HB2MihBK2`AMBiBH6BM/.2HvJt LQr- i?2`2 `2 irQ bm#+b2b i?i M22/ iQ #2 /BbiBM;mBb?2/,

RV ԣ_{դՎӱՏժ։ք֏} ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ ପ ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏},

ԣ^ո_քӴօ *HiAMBi.2H_քӴօ ap+Mb.2H_։Ӵօ  ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ URyV kV ԣ_{դՎӱՏժ։ք֏} ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ  ԣ_{մՓӱՏժ։ք֏},

ԣ^ո_քӴօ ԣ_դ

ՎӱՏժ։ք֏ਲ *Hi"QQi.2H_քӴօ  ऺ^չԾφਲ ऻ ਼ *Hi_2T.2H_քӴօ

 ap+Mb.2H_։Ӵօ  ԣ_վ ԝ Ԙ URRV

"b2/ QM i?2b2 +HB2Mi rBiBM; iBK2b Bi Bb MQr TQbbB#H2 iQ /2`Bp2 i?2 /2Hv #2ir22M TQr2`@QM Uԣ_ЈV M/ i?2 bvbi2K #2BM; #H2 iQ +QKKmMB+i2 7Q` 2+? +HB2Mi i?i mb2b aPJ1fAS@a. iQ +QM};m`2 Bib +QKKmMB+iBQM `2HiBQMbX AM i?2 }`bi bi2T i?2 `2HiBp2 rBiBM;

iBK2 Q7 i?2 bBM;H2 +HB2Mib ԣ^ո_քӴօM22/b iQ #2 MQ`KHBx2/ iQ  bi`imT /2Hv ԣ^ե_քӴօ- r?B+? bi`ib i ԣ_Ј#v //BM; i?2 #QQi /2Hv Q7 2+?

+HB2Mi,

ԣ^ե_քӴօ ԣ^ո_քӴօ *Hi"QQi.2H_քӴօ URkV

&OLHQW

PV”%RRW'HO”PV

PV”,QLW'HO”PV 5HS'HO PV 5HS0D[ 

6HUYLFH

PV”%RRW'HO”PV

PV”,QLW'HO”PV 5HS'HO PV 5HS0D[ 

&\F'HO PV

PV”$QV'HO”PV

&RPPXQLFDWLRQ

'HOD\ŸV

6B;m`2 9 Ĝ *QM};m`iBQM mb2/ 7Q` i?2 T`QQ7 Q7 +QM+2TiX AM i?2 b2+QM/ bi2T- i?2 bi`imT /2Hv Q7 i?2 r?QH2 bvbi2K Bb +H+mHi2/X h?Bb Bb /QM2 #v Bi2`iBM; Qp2` HH +HB2Mib QM 2p2`v MQ/2 BM i?2 bvbi2KX 1p2`v MQ/2 //b Bib +Q``2bTQM/BM; bi`imT /2Hv iQ  b2i Q7 HH rBiBM; iBK2b M/ i?2 rQ`bi@+b2 /2Hv Bb

;Bp2M #v HQQFBM; i i?2 KtBKmK pHm2 rBi?BM i?Bb b2iX oX S`QQ7 Q7 *QM+2Ti

hQ pHB/i2 i?2 +Q``2+iM2bb Q7 7Q`KmH UeVĜURRV  bvbi2K +QMbBbiBM; Q7 irQ MQ/2b rb #mBHi mT b M 2tT2`BK2Mi M/

KQ/2H2/ BM  bBKmHiBQM 2MpB`QMK2MiX LQ/2 R BKTH2K2Mib  +HB2Mi i?i rMib iQ bm#b+`B#2 iQ b2`pB+2 R BKTH2K2Mi2/ QM MQ/2 kX h?2 +QM};m`iBQM T`K2i2`b Q7 i?2 bvbi2K +M #2 b22M BM 6B;m`2 9X h?2 K2i?Q/ /2b+`B#2/ #Qp2 Bb BKTH2K2Mi2/ BM :Ll P+ip2 M/

Bb pBH#H2 7`22 iQ mb2 QM `2[m2biX h?2 +b2 /2b+`B#2/ BM a2+iBQM Ao@ Bb  +QK#BMiBQM Q7 a2+iBQM Ao@" M/ a2+iBQM Ao@* M/ i?2 +Q``2+iM2bb Q7 i?2 7Q`K2` `2HB2b QM i?2 +Q``2+iM2bb Q7 i?2 Hii2`

irQX h?mb- a2+iBQM Ao@" M/ a2+iBQM Ao@* r2`2 BKTH2K2Mi2/ BM

 bBKmHiBQM M/ M 2tT2`BK2MiH b2imT M/ `2 MQr /Bb+mbb2/

BM KQ`2 /2iBH 7Q` i?2 bvbi2K /2TB+i2/ BM 6B;m`2 9X i i?Bb TQBMi- Bi Bb MQi 2tT2/B2Mi iQ #mBH/ mT  KQ`2 +QKTH2t bvbi2K #2+mb2 i?2 +QKKmMB+iBQM /2Hv Bb  }t2/ T`K2i2` BM i?2 +H+mHiBQM

M/ Bi Bb KQ`2 BKTQ`iMi iQ 2Mbm`2 i?2 +QMb2`piBp2M2bb Q7 i?2 KQ/2H BMi`Q/m+2/ BM i?Bb TT2`X

X a+2M`BQ R

h?2 2tT2`BK2Mi mb2b i?2 bK2 #Q`/b 7Q` MQ/2 R M/ k M/

#Qi? `2 +QMM2+i2/ iQ i?2 bK2 TQr2` bQm`+2X b  `2bmHi- #Qi?

MQ/2b bi`i M2`Hv bvM+?`QMQmbHv M/ i?2B` #QQi iBK2b `2 p2`v +HQb2 iQ 2+? Qi?2`, ੰ*Hi"QQi.2H<sub>φӴφ</sub>ਲ ap+"QQi.2H<sub>ϵӴφ</sub>ੰ ଩  ԜԢX AM i?Bb b+2M`BQ- i?2 +HB2Mi Bb +QM};m`2/ BM HBbi2M@KQ/2 M/ b2`pB+2 R BM Qz2`@KQ/2X

6Q` i?2 T`K2i2`b /2TB+i2/ BM 6B;m`2 9- i?2 BMi`Q/m+2/

KQ/2H +H+mHi2b,

ԣ^ո_φӴφ  ԜԢ

AM i?Bb 2bv 2tKTH2- i?2 Qmi+QK2 Bb +QKT`2?2MbB#H2, Ai `2bmHib 7`QK i?2 7QHHQrBM; rQ`bi@+b2 T`K2i2` b2i M/ 7Q`KmH UeV,

ap+"QQi.2H_ϵӴφ  ԜԢ ap+AMBi.2H_ϵӴφ  ԜԢ

*Hi"QQi.2H_φӴφ  ԜԢ

*HiAMBi.2H_φӴφ  ԜԢ

 /2p2HQTK2Mi p2`bBQM Q7 i?2 _hq@S2;b2 HB#``v (Rk) rb mb2/ 7Q` i?2 bBKmHiBp2 `2bmHibX h?2 bvbi2K rb +QM};m`2/ b b?QrM BM 6B;m`2 9X h?2 bBKmHi2/ iBK2 Bb +QM};m`2/ iQ bi`i rBi? i?2 AMBiBH S?b2 Q7 i?2 +HB2Mi M/ biQT b bQQM b i?2 +HB2Mi

`2+2Bp2b M Qz2` 7`QK b2`pB+2 RX 6B;m`2 8 b?Qrb i?2 ?BbiQ;`K Q7 ԣ^ո _φӴφ^՘ՎՒrBi?   bBKmHiBp2 `mMb iF2MX

Kt ०ԣ^ո _φӴφ^՘ՎՒ१   ԜԢ  ԣ^ո_φӴφ

h?Bb bm;;2bib iQ mb- i?i i?2 T`QTQb2/ KQ/2H Bb  pHB/ rQ`bi@+b2 7Q` i?Bb bBKmHiBQM M/ i?2 ;T iQ i?2 rQ`bi +b2 +H+mHi2/ #v i?2 T`2b2Mi2/ K2i?Q/ Bb H2bb i?M R WX AM i?2 2tT2`BK2Mi- i?2 +HB2Mi rb +QM};m`2/ QM MQ/2 R rBi? AS@//`2bb RNkXRe3XRXj M/

i?2 b2`pB+2 QM i?2 MQ/2 k rBi? AS@//`2bb RNkXRe3XRXkX h#H2 A

    











ԣ^ո _φӴφ^՘ՎՒf Kb

LmK#2`Q7Q++m``2M+2b

6B;m`2 8 Ĝ ai`imT /2Hvb Q#iBM2/ #v bBKmHiBQM 7Q` b+2M`BQ R rBi? i?2 T`K2i2`b b /2b+`B#2/ BM 6B;m`2 9X

iBK2 (Kb) bQm`+2 /2biBMiBQM ivT2

νӳЈϵ΅ bvbi2K +QMi`QHH2` bi`i +HB2Mi M/ b2`pB+2 φφӳЈνφ RNkXRe3XRXk kjRXRyRXRyRXRyR Qz2`

φφӳφφΚ RNkXRe3XRXj RNkXRe3XRXk bm#b+`B#2

Ę Ę Ę Ę

h#H2 A Ĝ 1tT2`BK2MiH `2bmHib 7Q` b+2M`BQ RX

b?Qrb i?2 BKTQ`iMi 2t+2`Ti Q7 i?2 +Tim`2/ i`+2 `2;`/BM; i?2 bi`imT /2HvX h?Bb i`+2 b?Qrb- i?i i?2 +HB2Mi rBHH `2+2Bp2 i?2 }`bi Qz2` K2bb;2 Q7 b2`pB+2 R #2ir22M  ԜԢ M/  ԜԢ- r?B+? `2bmHib BM  KtBKmK rBiBM; iBK2 Q7

ԣ^ո _φӴφ^Պ՝Օ  ԜԢ

b ԣ^ո _φӴφ^Պ՝Օ  ԣ^ո_φӴφ- i?2 rQ`bi@+b2 bbmKTiBQM ?QH/b i`m2 7Q` i?2 2tT2`BK2Mi HbQX

"X a+2M`BQ k

AM i?2 b2+QM/ b+2M`BQ- i?2 b2`pB+2 Bb MQr +QM};m`2/ iQ #2 BM bBH2Mi KQ/2 M/ i?2 +HB2Mi Bb BM }M/ KQ/2X *QMi``v iQ i?2 aPJ1fAS bT2+B}+iBQM- i?2 Qz2` K2bb;2 Q7 i?2 b2`pB+2 r?B+?

rBHH #2 b2Mi miQKiB+HHv 7i2` i?2 b2`pB+2 2Mi2`b Bib JBM S?b2- rb /Bb#H2/ iQ 2M7Q`+2  #2?pBQ` r?B+? /Bz2`b 7`QK a+2M`BQ RX h?2 BMi`Q/m+2/ MHviB+H KQ/2Hb `2im`Mb

ԣ^ո_φӴφ  ԜԢ

M/ i?2 7QHHQrBM; T`K2i2` b2i, ap+"QQi.2H_ϵӴφ  ԜԢ

ap+AMBi.2H_ϵӴφ  ԜԢ

*Hi"QQi.2H_φӴφ  ԜԢ

*HiAMBi.2H_φӴφ  ԜԢ

;BM- i?2 bvbi2K rb KQ/2H2/ mbBM; _hq@S2;b2 M/ i?2

`2bmHib `2 /BbTHv2/ BM 6B;m`2 eX h?2 KtBKmK r?B+? rb b22M BM i?2   `mMb rb,

Kt ०ԣ^ո _φӴφ^՘ՎՒ१   ԜԢ  ԣ^ո_φӴφ

h?Bb ;BM T`QpB/2b 2pB/2M+2- i?i i?2 BMi`Q/m+2/ KQ/2H ?QH/b Bib rQ`bi@+b2 +HBKX >Qr2p2`- MQi2 i?i i?2 +H+mHi2/ +b2 Bb

 TQbbB#H2 +b2 M/ i?mb i?2`2 Bb MQ Qp2` TT`QtBKiBQM BM i?2 T`2b2Mi2/ K2i?Q/X h?2 `2bmHib 7`QK i?2 2tT2`BK2MiH b2imT `2 /2TB+i2/ BM h#H2 AAX AM i?Bb +b2- i?2 Qz2` Bb `2+2Bp2/ Hi2bi i

 ԜԢ- r?B+? `2bmHib BM  bm#b+`BTiBQM iBK2 Q7 ԣ^ո _φӴφ^Պ՝Օ  ԜԢ  ԣ^ո_φӴφ

       









ԣ^ո _φӴφ^՘ՎՒf Kb

LmK#2`Q7Q++m``2M+2b

6B;m`2 e Ĝ ai`imT /2Hvb Q#iBM2/ #v bBKmHiBQM 7Q` b+2M`BQ k rBi? i?2 T`K2i2`b b /2b+`B#2/ BM 6B;m`2 9X

iBK2 (Kb) bQm`+2 /2biBMiBQM ivT2

φϵӳЈϯϩ bvbi2K +QMi`QHH2` bi`i +HB2Mi M/ b2`pB+2 φϵӳϯϵφ RNkXRe3XRXj kjRXRyRXRyRXRyR }M/

φϵӳϯΚφ RNkXRe3XRXj kjRXRyRXRyRXRyR }M/

φϵӳϯ΅φ RNkXRe3XRXj kjRXRyRXRyRXRyR }M/

φϵӳΚϩφ RNkXRe3XRXj kjRXRyRXRyRXRyR }M/

φΚӳЈν΅ RNkXRe3XRXk kjRXRyRXRyRXRyR Qz2`

φΚӳφϵφ RNkXRe3XRXj RNkXRe3XRXk bm#b+`B#2

Ę Ę Ę Ę

h#H2 AA Ĝ 1tT2`BK2MiH `2bmHib 7Q` b+2M`BQ kX

;BM- i?2 rQ`bi@+b2 bbmKTiBQM ?QH/b i`m2- 2p2M i?Qm;? Bi Bb QMHv QM2 2tT2`BK2MiH `2bmHiX

oAX *QM+HmbBQM M/ PmiHQQF

h?Bb TT2` /2b+`B#2b  M2r Ki?2KiB+H K2i?Q/ iQ +H+m@

Hi2 i?2 bm#b+`BTiBQM iBK2 Q7 Mv +HB2Mi rBi?BM M miQKQiBp2 M2irQ`F mbBM; lhPa_ aPJ1fAS@a.X //BiBQMHHv-  rQ`bi@

+b2 T`K2i2` b2i M/ bvbi2K bi`imT iBK2 Bb `2im`M2/X h?2 K2i?Q/ rb 2pHmi2/ mbBM;  iBKBM;@++m`i2 bBKmHiBQM M/ M 2tT2`BK2MiH b2imTX Ai Bb b?QrM i?i i?2 rQ`bi@+b2 bbmKTiBQM Q7 i?2 K2i?Q/ ?QH/b i`m2X AM #Qi? b+2M`BQb- i?2 /Bz2`2M+2 #2ir22M i?2 b22M KtBKmK BM i?2 bBKmHiBQM M/ i?2 +H+mHi2/ rQ`bi@

+b2 Bb H2bb i?M RXj WX

h?2 M2ti bi2Tb b?QmH/ BM+Hm/2  +QKT`2?2MbBp2 MHvbBb Q7 i?2 /2bB;M bT+2 Q7 aPJ1fAS@a. iQ }M/ /2bB;M `mH2b i?i rBHH

?2HT BM i?2 /2p2HQTK2Mi T`Q+2bb Q7 miQKQiBp2 M2irQ`FbX 6Q` i?2 2tT2`BK2MiH `2bmHib- lhPa_ rb +QM};m`2/ BM BMi2``mTi KQ/2X AM MQ`KH KQ/2- lhPa_ rBHH +QHH2+i HH BMbiM+2b BM QM2 KBM +v+H2 M/ b2M/ 2p2`vi?BM; #mM/H2/ i i?2 2M/X h?Bb rBHH // QM2 +v+H2 iBK2 b //BiBQMH rBiBM; iBK2 M/ M22/b iQ

#2 BMp2biB;i2/ BM KQ`2 /2iBHX 6BMHHv- Bi Bb M22/2/ iQ BM+Hm/2 i?2 T`QTQb2/ MHvbBb BM  +QKTH2i2 r+`i@MHvbBb r?B+? /Q2b +QMbB/2` `2H M2irQ`F Hi2M+B2bX

_272`2M+2b

(R) lhPa_X aT2+B}+iBQM Q7 a2`pB+2 .Bb+Qp2`vX kyRjX m`H,

?iiT , f f rrr X miQb` X Q`; f 7BH2/KBM f 7BH2b f `2H2b2b f 9 @ R f bQ7ir`2 @ `+?Bi2+im`2 f bvbi2K @ b2`pB+2b f biM/`/ f

lhPa_naqana2`pB+2.Bb+Qp2`vXT/7X

(k) lhPa_X avbi2K h2KTHi2X kyRjX m`H, ?iiTb,ffrrrX

miQb`XQ`;f7BH2/KBMf7BH2bf`2H2b2bf9@ RfK2i?Q/QHQ;v@

i2KTHi2b f i2KTHi2b f biM/`/ f lhPa_ n hSa n avbi2Kh2KTHi2XT/7X

(j)  "Qii`Q 2i HX dz.vMKB+ q2# a2`pB+2b QM  >QK2 a2`pB+2 SHi7Q`KǴX AM, S`Q+X Q7 ALX J`X kyy3- TTX jd3Ĝ j38X

(9) _Q#2`i A .pBb 2i HX dz*QMi`QHH2` `2 L2irQ`F U*LV b+?2/mH#BHBiv MHvbBb, _27mi2/- `2pBbBi2/ M/ `2pBb2/ǴX AM, _2H@hBK2 avbi2Kb j8Xj UkyydV- TTX kjNĜkdkX

(8) CQMb .B2K2`- .MB2H h?B2H2- M/ _QH7 1`MbiX dz6Q`KH rQ`bi@+b2 iBKBM; MHvbBb Q7 2i?2`M2i iQTQHQ;B2b rBi?

bi`B+i@T`BQ`Biv M/ o" brBi+?BM;ǴX AM, S`Q+X Q7 aA1aX A111X kyRk- TTX RĜRyX

(e) C@S :2Q`;2b- h?B2``v .BpQmt- M/ 1`B+ _QM/2mX dzai`B+i S`BQ`Biv p2`bmb q2B;?i2/ 6B` Zm2m2BM; BM arBi+?2/

1i?2`M2i M2irQ`Fb 7Q` iBK2 +`BiB+H TTHB+iBQMbǴX AM, S`Q+X Q7 AS.SaX A111X kyy8- TTX R9RĜR9RX

(d) 1`BF :miiKMX dza2`pB+2 HQ+iBQM T`QiQ+QH, miQKiB+

/Bb+Qp2`v Q7 AS M2irQ`F b2`pB+2bǴX AM, AMi2`M2i *QKTmiBM;- A111 jX9 URNNNV- TTX dRĜ3yX

(3) amKB >2HHX dzaiM/`/b 7Q` b2`pB+2 /Bb+Qp2`v M/ /2HBp@

2`vǴX AM, S2`pbBp2 *QKTmiBM;- A111 RXj UkyykV- TTX N8Ĝ RyyX

(N) _}F >2MB 2i HX dzavbi2K H2p2H T2`7Q`KM+2 MHvbBbĜi?2 avKhfa TT`Q+?ǴX AM, A11 S`Q+22/BM;b@*QKTmi2`b M/

.B;BiH h2+?MB[m2b R8kXk Ukyy8V- TTX R93ĜReeX

(Ry) M/`2b E2`MX dz1i?2`M2i M/ AS 7Q` miQKQiBp2 1f1 @ `@

+?Bi2+im`2bǴX S?. h?2bBbX 6`B2/`B+?@H2tM/2`@lMBp2`bBi i 1`HM;2M@LɃ`M#2`;- :2`KMv- kyRkX

(RR) M/`2b E2`M 2i HX dz:i2rv bi`i2;B2b 7Q` 2K#2//BM;

Q7 miQKQiBp2 *L@7`K2b BMiQ 2i?2`M2i@T+F2ib M/ pB+2 p2`bǴX AM, _*a UkyRRV- TTX k8NĜkdyX

(Rk) CQ2`M JB;;2 M/ LB+QHb Lp2iX _hq@S2;b2 , M@

HvxBM; 6.s  brBi+?2/ 1i?2`M2i M2irQ`FbX P+iX kyR9X m`H, ?iiT,ffrrrX`2HiBK2irQ`FX+QKfbQ7ir`2f`ir@

T2;b2fX

(Rj) _Q#2`i " JBHH2`X dz_2bTQMb2 iBK2 BM KM@+QKTmi2`

+QMp2`biBQMH i`Mb+iBQMbǴX AM, S`Q+X Q7 i?2 DQBMi +QKTmi2`

+QM72`2M+2X RNe3- TTX kedĜkddX

(R9) _2M2 Zm2+FX dzMHvbBb Q7 2i?2`M2i p# 7Q` miQKQiBp2 M2irQ`Fb mbBM; M2irQ`F +H+mHmbǴX AM, S`Q+X Q7 A*o1aX A111X kyRk- TTX eRĜedX

(R8) EbT2` _2pb#2+? 2i HX dzqQ`bi@+b2 i`p2`bH iBK2 KQ/2HHBM; Q7 1i?2`M2i #b2/ BM@+` M2irQ`Fb mbBM; `2H iBK2 +H+mHmbǴX AM, aK`i aT+2b M/ L2ti :2M2`iBQM qB`2/fqB`2H2bb L2irQ`FBM;X aT`BM;2`- kyRR- TTX kRNĜkjyX (Re) EB _B+?i2`- J`2F C2`bF- M/ _QH7 1`MbiX dz 7Q`@

KH TT`Q+? iQ JTaQ* T2`7Q`KM+2 p2`B}+iBQMǴX AM,

*QKTmi2` jeX9 UkyyjV- TTX eyĜedX

(Rd) aBKQM a+?HB2+F2` 2i HX dzavbi2K H2p2H T2`7Q`KM+2

MHvbBb 7Q` `2H@iBK2 miQKQiBp2 KmHiB+Q`2 M/ M2irQ`F

`+?Bi2+im`2bǴX AM, A111 h`Mb+iBQMb QM *QKTmi2`@B/2/

.2bB;M Q7 AMi2;`i2/ *B`+mBib M/ avbi2Kb k3Xd UkyyNV- TTX NdNĜNNkX

(R3) .MB2H h?B2H2 2i HX dzAKT`Qp2/ 7Q`KH rQ`bi@+b2 iBKBM;

MHvbBb Q7 r2B;?i2/ `QmM/ `Q#BM b+?2/mHBM; 7Q` 2i?2`M2iǴX AM, S`Q+X Q7 *P.1aY AaaaX A111X kyRj- TTX RĜRyX (RN) .MB2H h?B2H2 2i HX dzAKT`QpBM; 6Q`KH hBKBM; MH@

vbBb Q7 arBi+?2/ 1i?2`M2i #v 1tTHQBiBM; h`{+ ai`2K

*Q``2HiBQMbǴX AM, S`Q+X Q7 *P.1aYAaaaX kyR9X

(ky) GQi?` h?B2H2- aK`DBi *?F`#Q`iv- M/ J`iBM L2/2H2X dz_2H@iBK2 +H+mHmb 7Q` b+?2/mHBM; ?`/ `2H@

iBK2 bvbi2KbǴX AM, *B`+mBib M/ avbi2Kb- kyyyX S`Q+22/BM;bX Aa*a kyyy :2M2pX h?2 kyyy A111 AMi2`MiBQMH avK@

TQbBmK QMX oQHX 9X A111X kyyy- TTX RyRĜRy9X