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La double émulsion - évaporation solvant à usage thérapeutique : étude systématique et encapsulation de biomolécules, protéines et acides nucléiques

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(1)La double émulsion - évaporation solvant à usage thérapeutique : étude systématique et encapsulation de biomolécules, protéines et acides nucléiques Dimah Ibraheem. To cite this version: Dimah Ibraheem. La double émulsion - évaporation solvant à usage thérapeutique : étude systématique et encapsulation de biomolécules, protéines et acides nucléiques. Génie des procédés. Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2014. Français. �NNT : 2014LYO10069�. �tel-02401479�. HAL Id: tel-02401479 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02401479 Submitted on 10 Dec 2019. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

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(4)    A l’issu de ce travail, je souhaite présenter mes remerciements et toute ma gratitude aux gens qui m’ont soutenu et aidé pour en arriver là. Tout d’abord, je veux remercier le Pr. Hatem FESSI, directeur du LAGEP, pour m’avoir accepté dans son laboratoire, d’avoir été à mon écoute et m’orienter particulièrement pendant. les. premiers jours en France et pour votre co-encadrement actif. En effet, malgré toutes ses fonctions et responsabilités, la porte de son bureau était toujours ouverte pour m’écouter, discuter des divers problèmes rencontrés lors de mon travail et trouver des solutions appropriées. Mes remirciments à Madame le Professeur Salima SAIDI BESBES, Monsieur le Professeur Serge STOLL, Monsieur le Professeur Pièrre LANTERI et Docteur Ali LAAYOUN qui ont accepté d’évaluer et de juger ce travail. Je tiens à remercier profondément Dr. Abdelhamid ELAISSARI, l’encadrant de ma thèse. Cette thèse a été réalisée grâce à son suivi au quotidien. Ses conseils, ses recommandations et sa disponibilité ont grandement rendu facile l’achèvement de ce travail. Il a su m’offrir un cadre dynamique et plein d’enthousiasme, et me faire bénéficier de son expérience précieuse. Monsieur ELAISSARI je vous remercie pour toutes les choses importantes que j’ai apprises de vous. Merci infiniment à la superbe équipe du LAGEP et particulièrement à Nadia, Géraldine, Olivier, Jean Pierre, et Sébastien, merci pour votre disponibilité et votre coopération. Je remercie aussi Dr. Mohammad EISSA pour son aide et ses explications. Je remercie de tout mon cœur mes chers collèges du LAGEP pour votre aide et votre soutien. Vous avez toujours été à mes côtés. J’ai partagé avec vous des moments inoubliables et vous avez été comme une deuxième famille pour moi. Un grand merci à ma merveilleuse amie Florence et à sa famille amicale pour m’avoir aidé à apprendre la langue française et surtout pour les moments inoubliables qu’on a passé ensemble. Pour finir, je tiens à remercier tous ceux qui m'ont aidé de près ou de loin à compléter ce travail..  . ].

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(18) Bi?CCKDEJ>UH7F?;7UJUFHUI;DJU; 7DI9;JJ;F7HJ?;DEKI7LEDI9>;H9>UQ:U9H?H;B;IFHE9U:UI :i;D97FIKB7J?ED7:7FJUI7KNFHEJU?D;I;JB;I7FFB?97J?EDIGK?;D:U9EKB;DJ   0D;:;KN?VC;=H7D:;F7HJ?;H;B7J?L;QBiUJK:;;NFUH?C;DJ7B;;IJI9?D:U;;DJHE?IIEKIF7HJ?;I? KD;FH;C?VH;IEKIF7HJ?;:U:?U;QKD;UJK:;IOIJUC7J?GK;:;B7:EK8B;UCKBI?ED UL7FEH7J?ED:; IEBL7DJ;DKJ?B?I7DJB;FEBO97FHEB79JED;9ECC;FEBOCVH;FH?D9?F7B;JB;:?9>BEHECUJ>7D;9ECC; IEBL7DJ :; 9; :;HD?;H  7DI B; 97:H; :; 9;JJ; UJK:; <ED:7C;DJ7B; KD; 7JJ;DJ?ED F7HJ?9KB?VH; ;IJ 9;DJHU;IKHBiUJK:;:;Bi;<<;J:;IF7H7CVJH;IEFUH7JE?H;I;JF>OI?9E 9>?C?GK;IIKHB;IFHEFH?UJUI 9EBBEY:7B;I :;I :?IF;HI?EDI  ?? 'iUJK:; :; Bi;D97FIKB7J?ED :; Bi) ;D I; 87I7DJ IKH BiUJK:; IOIJUC7J?GK; ;J ;D ;N7C?D7DJ Bi;<<;J :; B7 9ED9;DJH7J?ED ;D ) IKH Bi;<<?979?JU :; Bi;D97FIKB7J?ED :iKD 9EJU ;J IKH B;I FHEFH?UJUI 9EBBEY:7B;I :;I F7HJ?9KB;I <?D7B;I :; Bi7KJH;  ??? D<?D Bi;D97FIKB7J?ED :;I FHEJU?D;I ;D KJ?B?I7DJ Bi7B8KC?D; :; IUHKC >KC7?D #. 9ECC; CE:VB; ;J KD; FHEJU?D; <BKEH;I9;DJ; 7 UJU UJK:?U; ;D C;JJ7DJ Bi799;DJ IKH Bi;<<?979?JU :; Bi;D97FIKB7J?ED ;J IKH B7 :?IJH?8KJ?ED :;I FHEJU?D;I :7DI B7 C7JH?9; FEBOCVH;  'i;<<;J :; B7 9ED9;DJH7J?ED;DFHEJU?D;IIKHB;J7KN:i;D97FIKB7J?ED;JB;IFHEFH?UJUI9EBBEY:7B;I:;IF7HJ?9KB;I <?D7B;7UJU;N7C?DU   ;C7DKI9H?JI;J;HC?D;F7HKD;9ED9BKI?ED=UDUH7B;HU97F?JKB7DJBi;DI;C8B;:;IHUIKBJ7JI;J;D F7HJ?9KB?;HBi?DJUHWJ:;B7:EK8B;UCKBI?ED:7DIBi;D97FIKB7J?ED:;8?ECEBU9KB;I    . . d.

(19)    

(20)           . . e.

(21) . 2. Etude bibliographique &"%"

(22)   #

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(25) F7II;F7HKD;8KI;KD;:?C?DKJ?ED?CFEHJ7DJ;:;B7FH;II?ED;DJH7?D;B7FHU9?F?J7J?ED:; FEBOCVH;IEKI<EHC;:;F7HJ?9KB;I     "UB?<?97J?ED ?ED?GK; ;JJ; CUJ>E:; ;IJ FH?D9?F7B;C;DJ KJ?B?IU; 7L;9  :;I FEBOCVH;I >O:HEF>?B;I D7JKH;BI  ;I FEBOCVH;I 9ECFH;DD;DJ B7 =UB7J?D; B7B=?D7J; B; 9>?JEI7D; ;J Bi7=7HEI; ;JJ;J;9>D?GK;;IJ87IU;IKHB7JH7DI?J?ED:KFEBOCVH;:;BiUJ7JB?GK?:;QBiUJ7J =UB7J?D;KN ';IF7HJ?9KB;IIEDJE8J;DK;I7FHVIH;<HE?:?II;C;DJ:;I=EKJJ;B;JJ;I:UCKBI?ED :;=UB7J?D;QJ;CFUH7JKH;?D<UH?;KH;7KFE?DJ:;=UB?<?97J?ED:7DIKD87?D:;=B79;   EK9>;F7H9EK9>;;FHE9U:U;IJ87IUIKHBi7:IEHFJ?ED:iKDFEBOCVH;IKHKD;I;C;D9; :; F7HJ?9KB;I  ;JJ; 7:IEHFJ?ED ;IJ :; JOF; UB;9JHEIJ7J?GK; =UDUH7B;C;DJ HU7B?IU; ;D 9EDJH\B7DJB7I7B?D?JU;JB;F#:KC?B?;K:i7:IEHFJ?ED <?D:i7LE?HKD;U9EH9;:iUF7?II;KH ?CFEHJ7DJ;Bi7:IEHFJ?ED:iKD:;KN?VC;FEBOCVH;;IJHU7B?IU;IKHB;FH;C?;H 'i79J?<F;K I;JHEKL;H:7DIB7I;C;D9;<EHC7DJB;9fKH:;IF7HJ?9KB;I<?D7B;I ';IF7HJ?9KB;IE8J;DK;I 7FHVI 7LE?H UB?C?D7J?ED :K DEO7K IEB?:; IEDJ LUI?9KB7?H;I ;J IEDJ 7FF;BU;I 97FIKB;I FEBOUB;9JHEBOJ?GK;I   ;J 7HJ?9B; <EKHD?J 7KII?  :;I ?D<EHC7J?EDI IKH B;I FEBOCVH;I B;I FBKI KJ?B?IUI ;J GK? IEDJ 9B7IIUI;D:;KN9B7II;I • ';IFEBOCVH;ID7JKH;BI9ECC;B;9>?JEI7D;B7:;NJH?D;B7=UB7J?D;e ;J9  • ';IFEBOCVH;IIODJ>UJ?GK;I  FEBO;IJ;HI8?E:;=H7:78B;9ECC;+'"+'+'e ;J9   FEBOCVH;I79HOB?GK;I9ECC;Bi K:H7=?J   FEBOCVH;IF;=OBUI9ECC;9>?JEI7D;g+ "(+ " +'+' + "(+ " +'   7DI9;JJ;H;LK;?B;IJU=7B;C;DJH;FEHJUB;IFH?D9?F7B;I7FFB?97J?EDI:;IF7HJ?9KB;I:UL;BEFFU;I 7K9EKHI:;I:;HD?VH;I7DDU;I;JB;KHIFH?D9?F7B;IFHEFH?UJUI         . ]^.

(26)  . . ]_.

(27) EXCLI Journal 2014;13:28-57 – ISSN 1611-2156 Received: November 05, 2013, accepted: January 25, 2014, published: February 03, 2014 . Review article: PARTICLES FROM PREFORMED POLYMERS AS CARRIERS FOR DRUG DELIVERY . "46,/4,- -<,3007," ;-,6,' '1,<- 0==4, 6,4==,<4, . ,. -. )84@0<=4>C91!C98

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(29) !C98<,8.0!C98 )84@0<=4>C*4660?<-,880#&' )"&. !,-9<,>94<0/?>97,>4;?00>/0E840/0=%<9.E/E=!%%   -/ /? #9@  

(30)

(31) *4660?<-,880<,8.0 )84@0<=4>C91"98,=>4<!,-9<,>94<0/0:3,<7,.402,6E84;?0&?0@4.0880 . "98,=>4<(?84=4,.   9<<0=:98/482,?>39<%3980 

(32)   ,B 

(33)  

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eywords:<?2/064@0<C:,<>4.60=:96C70<08.,:=?6,>498.,<<40<=9:0<,>482.98/4>498=    7,486C-49.97:,>4-60,8/-49/02<,/,-60  INTRODUCTION 7?6>4>?/0 91 >0.384;?0= ,<0 ?=0/ >9 9->,48 %,<>4.?6,>0.,<<40<=3,@02,480/><0708 >30=0 :,<>4.60=  (30=0 70>39/= /4110< -C /9?=48>0<0=>/?<482>306,=>/0.,/0=A34.3 >304<:<48.4:60=,8/>308,>?<091/<?2796 :0<74>>0/ >9 /064@0< 7,8C 3C/<9:3464. ,8/ 0.?60= >3,> .9?6/ -0 08.,:=?6,>0/  '970 3C/<9:39-4. 7960.?60=  $->,480/ :,<>4.60= =?..0==1?66C 7,<50>0/ :<9/?.>= 60/ >9 ,8 :<0=08> =7,66 =4D0 A34.3 1,.464>,>0= >304< 086,<20708> 91 >30 ,::64.,>498= ,8/ >30 48 ,-=9<:>498  (30=0 /<?2 /064@0<C =C=>07= >0<0=> 24@08 -C <0=0,<.30<= >9 >30=0 /<?2 :<9>0.> ,.>4@0 :3,<7,.0?>4.,6 482<0/408>= /064@0<C =C=>07=  394.0 91 >30 >0.384;?0 1<97/02<,/,>498083,8.0-49:3,<7,.0?>4 ,8/9:0<,>482.98/4>498=4=.<?.4,6>99->,48 .,6:<9:0<>40=,8/.9?6/:<9@4/0:,==4@09< 19<7?6,>498=-0,<482299/:<9:0<>40=19<in ,.>4@0 >,<20>482 9< =?=>,480/ /064@0<C  49 vitro ,8/ in vivo ,::64.,>498=  8 >34= <0 70/4.,6,::64.,>498=91>30/0@069:0/.,<<4 @40A A0 A466 19.?= 98 :96C70<4. :,<>4.60= 0<= ,<0 .98>48?9?=6C 2<9A482 37,/ ,8/24@0,=.9:0,-9?>>3079=>?=0/:96C

(35)  '9,<0=

(36)  "46,/4 0> ,6 

(37)   70<=  +0 A466 ,6=9 /0=.<4-0 >30 .97798 6>39?23 >30C :<0=08> /4110<08> :3C=4.9 :<019<70/ :96C70< -,=0/ >0.384;?0= ?=0/ .3074.,6 :<9:0<>40= >30 ?=0/ :96C70<= ,<0 .

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Chaque molécule d'ADN s'enroule sur des protéines (histones) et forme un chromosome. L'ensemble des

Transcription inverse : nécessaire pour que l'information génétique puisse s'insérer dans l'ADN hôte ARN -&gt; ADN.. Cas des virus à ARN : permet la poursuite du cycle

Des régions secondaires plus ou moins distantes (dans un plan en 2 dimensions) d’une molécule d’ARN peuvent interagir entre elles et entraîner un repliement dans l’espace de

liaison : partie la plus sensible aux nucléases (= enzymes de digestion de l’ADN) Cette association forme « la fibre en collier de perle de 10 nm » ; qui.. correspond à une

 L'ARN existe sous forme d'une seule chaîne polynucléotidique (simple brin) sauf chez quelques rares virus pour lesquels l’information. génétique est constituée d’ARN,