التحليل التداولي , الأفق النظري والإجراء التطبيقي في الجهود التعريفية العربية

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ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ,

ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﺠﻹﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻷﺍ

ﺃ / ﻗﺩﻤ ﺭﺠﺎـﻫ ﻥـ

ــــــــــ :

ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ )

، ﺔﻴﻤﻼﻜﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ، ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻤﻏﺍﺭﺒﻝﺍ ، ﺔﻴﻌﺌﺍﺭﺫﻝﺍ ( ....

ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ لﺒ ، ﺓﺭﻤ لﻭﻷ ﺎﻨﻌﻤﺎﺴﻤ ﻕﺭﻁﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﺩﻌﻴ ﻡﻝ ، ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﺘﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ

ﻭ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺍﺩـﺘ ﻡﺩﻋﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﻗ ﻲﻋﺩﻨ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﻠﻫﺎﺠﺘﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺒﻜﺃ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺜ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ .

ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﻨﻀﺘﺤﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻝ ﺎﻨﺤﻔﺼﺘﺒ ﻪﻅﺤﻼﻨ ﺎﻤ –

ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ لﻘﻨﻝ ﻭ

– ﻁﺒﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻗﺇ ﻭ لﻴﺼﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﻜﺸﺒ ﻪﻤﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﺎﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﺠﻨ

ﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﺇ ﺹﻠﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺎﻤ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺠﻨﻭ ، ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻘﻤ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻡﻭﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ ﻪﻨﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻥـﺴﺤﻴ ﻻ ﻲـﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭـﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻝﺁ ﻩﺎﻴﺇ ﺎﻨﻠﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ

ﺎﻬﻠﻓﺎﻐﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻫﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘ .

ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭـﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﺽـﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﻭﻀﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻘﻝﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻌﺴﺘ ﺔﻠﺨﺍﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻓ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺭﻴﻅﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﺤﻭﺍﺭﺘ ﻥـﻤ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺀﺍﺭﺠﺈﻜ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ

ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﺇ .

125

ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻠﻝ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻷﺍ

ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺍﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺎﺠﺍﻭﺭ ﻪﻤﻴﺩﻘﺘﻭ ﻪﻀﺭﻋ ﻕﺭﻁﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﻁﻌﻤ لﻜﺒ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻘﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﺴﻻﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﺴﻭﻷﺍ "

ﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻌﺴ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻺﻝ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍ

ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺍﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﺘﺘ ﻡﻝ )

ﺔﻴﻭﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ (

ﻡﻫﺎـﺴ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﻏ لﻌﻝﻭ ، ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ

ﺎـﻬﻤﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﻁﺒﻀ ﺔﻗﺎـﻋﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺒﺴﺘ ﻥﺇﻭ ، ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺇ لﺤ ﻲﻓ )".

(1 ،

ﻥﻴـﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻥـﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺩﻭﻬﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻠﻝ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻷﺍ ﺕﺼﺨﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ ﻭ

ﻪﻤﺩﻗ ﺎﻤ ؛ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ

"

ﺔﻠﺤﻨ ﺩﻭﻤﺤﻤ "

ـﺒ ﻪﻨﻭﻨﻋ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ :

) ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ (

ﺙﻴﺤ؛ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺽﺭﻌﺘﺴﻴ

لﻘﺘـﺴﻤ ﻲـﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺀﺍﺭﺠﺈﻜ ﻻﻭ ، ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻠﻝ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻼﺒ ﻱﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒﻝﺎﻗ ﻲﻓ ﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﻝﺂﺒ ﻪﺜﺤﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻫﻷ ﺹﺨﻠﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ

:

ﻊﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺒ ﺩﺘﻌﻴ لﺎﺠﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺴﺄﺘ ﺩﻭﻌﻴﻭ » ﺙﺍﺭـﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻴﻤﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺴﻼﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﺩﻴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻭﻁﺘ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ

ﻡﻫ ﺩﺭﻭﻔﺴﻜﺃ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝ ﻲﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ":

ﻥﺘﺴﻭﺃ AUSTIN "

ﻭ ،

"

لﺭﻴﺴ SEARLE "

ﻭ ، ' "

ﺠ ﺱﻴﺍﺭ GRICE ."

ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ لﻴﺼﻭﺘ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺒﺼﻨﻤ ﻡﻬﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺴﻔﻴ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ لﺴﺭﻤ ﻍﻼﺒﺇ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ .

ﻡﺃ ﻥﺎـﻜ ﺎﻴﺘﻭـﺼ ﻱﻭـﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﺘﻨﺘ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻻ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻁﺨﻷﺎﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ﺎﻴﻝﻻﺩ ﻡﺃ ﺎﻴﻭﺤﻨ ﻡﺃ ﺎﻴﻓﺭﺼ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺝﻭﺭﺨﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻝ

؛ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺎﻀﻴ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﻲﻫﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻨﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﻴﺭﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻁﺎﻤﻨﺃ ﻪﻝﻭ ، ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻙﺴﺎﻤﺘﻤﻭ ﺩﺩﺤﻤ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﺒ ﺹﺘﺨﻴ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻼﻜ ﻥﻷ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺩﺤﻤ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺼﺘﻘﺘ ﻻ ﻲﻬﻓ ، ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻻﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺍﺩﺤﻭﻭ ﻭﺠ ﻻﻭ ﺔـﻴﺩﻴﺭﺠﺘ ﻁﺎـﻤﻨﺃ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ، ﺎﻌﻴﻤﺠ ﺎﻬﺒﻋﻭﺘﺴﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﺒ ، ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺍ

لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭ .

ﺎﻬﻠﺨﺍﺩﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺕﺤﺘ ﻱﻭﻀﻨﺘ ﻻ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻲﻫﻭ

ـﻜ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻌﻤ :

ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻭ ، ﻰـﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻜﺭﺎﺸﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ:

ﻲﻋﺎـﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ :

ﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺔـﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻥﻴﻴﺒﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻌﻤ ﻙﺭﺎﺸﺘ

ﺭـﺜﺃﻭ ،ﻪـﺴﻨﺠﻭ ﻊﻤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﺔﺒﺘﺭﻤﻭ ﻪﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻭ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻋﻭﻨﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ،

ﻱﺫﻝﺍ:

126

ـﻬﺌﺍﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﺅﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺩﻘﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﺭﺎﺸﻴ لـﺜﻤ ﻡ

: ﻭ ﻩﺎـﺒﺘﻨﻻﺍ

، ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ

: لـﻴﻠﺤﺘﺒ ﺎـﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻡﺎـﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻜﺭﺘﺸﻴﻭ

ﺎـﻬﺒ ﻉﺯﻭـﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺩﺩﻋ ﻥﺎﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻭ ،ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ﻭﺃ لﻤﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ .

ﺍﺫﻫ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ﺩـﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺭﻴـﺴﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻉﺎﺴﺘﻻﺍﻭ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ

ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜ ﻭﻫ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ ﺯﺠﻭﺃ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ، ﺎﻬﻝ ﻊﻨﺎﻤ ﻊﻤﺎﺠ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ " :

لﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ

ﻡﻠﻜﺘـﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ لﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﻲـﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎـﻨﺼ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ؛ لـﺼﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻲـﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺩﺩﺤﻤ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻭ )

ﻱﻭﻐﻝﻭ ، ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍﻭ ، ﻱﺩﺎﻤ (

ﻰـﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰـﻝﺇ ﻻﻭـﺼﻭ

ﺎﻤ ﻡﻼﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻤﺎﻜﻝﺍ . "

ﻥﻋ ﻪﺒ ﺯﻴﻤﺘﺘ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺄﺒ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﺍﺩﺤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻌﻝﻭ لـﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻭ ﺔﻁﺒﺍﺭﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻘﺘﻓﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﻲﻗﺎﺒ

ﺍﺫ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤ ﺀﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻘﻨ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻭﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﺒﺭﻝﻭ ، ﺎﻬﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻠﺼﻝﺍ ﺕ

ﻯﺭـﺨﺃ ﺔـﻬﺠ ﻥـﻤﻭ ، ﺔـﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺓﻭﺭﺜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﺴﻝ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺔﻠﺼﻭ ﺎﻬﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﺔﻐﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ )

ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤ )(

(2 .«

ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺀﺍﺭﺠﺈﻜ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ :

ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩـﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﺒ ﺭﺼﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻨﺄﺘﺴﻨﺴ

"

ﻼــﺼ لــﻀﻓ ﺡ ) : "

ﺔـﻏﻼﺒ

ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻭ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ

، ( ــﺒ ﻥﻭﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻫ ﺎﻨﻴﻨﻌﻴﻭ ):

ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩـﺘﻝﺍ لـﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ

ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻠﻝ ( ؛ ﻪـﻠﻋﺎﻓﻭ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻨﺇ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺭﻴﺸﻴﻭ ،

ﺽﺭـﺘﻔﻴ ﺀﻲﺸ ﻭﺃ ، ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻜ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺍﺭﺘﻗﻻﺎﺒ ﻥﻭﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ ، ﻪﻝ ﺞﺘﻨﻤ لﻋﺎﻓ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ لﺴﺭﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺤ ﺔﻗﻼﻋﻭ

. ﻡﺎـﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻭ

ﻥـﻤ ﻪـﺴﻔﻨ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﺩﻘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜﻝﺎﺒ ﻱﺃ ؛ ﻪﺒﺎﻁﺨ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺴﺤﻓ ﻪﻓﺭﻌﻨ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﻋﺎﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﻥـﻤ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺌﺍﺭﺠﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻋ ﻻﻭﺌﺴﻤ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒﻭ ، ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﺭﺨﺁ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ .

ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﺎﻤ لﻜ لﻤﺸﻴ ﻥﺃ لﻭﻘﻠﻝ ﻲﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻌﻓ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ لﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻑﻗﻭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ

ﻩﺭﺎـﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺎـﻤﺌﺍﺩ ﻡﺩﻘﻴ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺍﺫﻬﺒﻭ ، ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺍ )

ﺎﻤﻭـﺴﻭﻤ marqué

( ﻭﺃ ) ﺭـﻴﻏ

ﻡﻭﺴﻭﻤ ( ﺔﻬﺠﻭ ﻭﺃ ﻪﻴﺃﺭ ﻥﻋ ﺍﺭﺒﻌﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻴ لﻋﺎﻔﺒ لﺼﺘﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻱﺃ ؛ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ ﻭﺃ ، ﺎﻤﻭـﺴﻭﻤ ﺢﺒـﺼﻴ ﺫـﺌﺩﻨﻋﻭ ، ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻪﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻤ ﺙﺩﺤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺍﺭﻴﺸﻤ ، ﻩﺭﻅﻨ

ﻗﻭﺒ ﻼﺼﺘﻤ ﻡﻭـﺴﻭﻤ ﺭـﻴﻏ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺫﺌﺩﻨﻋﻭ ، لﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻭ ﻊﺌﺎ

.

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ﻥﺎـﻴﻠﺠﺘﻴ ﺕﻼﺨﺍﺩﺘﻭ ﺕﻼﻴﺩﻌﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻤﻬﻠﺨﺩﻴ ﺎﻤ لﻜﺒ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻠﻝ ﻥﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﻌﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ لﻤﺍﻭﻌﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻴﺼﻨ :

- ﻥﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤ .

- ﻘﻴﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﻗﻭﻤ لﺜﻤ ، ﻩﺩﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻔﻴﻜ لﺎﻤﺘﺤﻻﺍﻭ ﻙﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻴ

.

- ﺎﻤﻤ لﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻑﻗﻭﻤﺒ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ، ﻪﺘﺍﺫ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﺒ لﺼﺘﺘ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤ

ﻪﻝﻭﻘﻴ . ﺩﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ لﺨﺩﻴﻭ

ﻥﻴﻔﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺤﺃ .

ﻥﻴﺭـﻴﺒﻜ ﻥﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﺴﻘﻨﻴ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﻴ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ :

ﺏﺎـﻁﺨ

ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺭﺨﺁﻭ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ .

ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻴـﺼ ﻲـﻓ ﺎـﻤ لﺌﺎﻘﻝ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ لﺎﺨﺩﺇ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ :

ﺭﺩـﻘﺒ ﻱﺃ ؛ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺩ ﻰﺼﻗﺃ ﻡﻫﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻌﻴﻭ ، ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥـﻜﻤﻴ ﻪـﻨﺃ ﺩﻘﺘﻌﻴ ﻡﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﻥﺇ ﻰﺘﺤ ، ﻑﻴﺭﺤﺘ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻲﻓﺭﺤﻝﺍ لﻘﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻤﻭﻤﻋ ﻡﺯﺘﻠﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﺼﻴ ﺔﺒﺴﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ

%100 ﻥـﻜﻝ ، ﺔﻴﻋﻭـﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ

ﺩـﺼﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﺘ لﺒ ، ﻁﻘﻓ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻁﺭﺸ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﺘ ﻻ ﻡﻬﻴﺩﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ، ﻲﻤﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏ ﺙﺩﺤﻴ ﻑﻴﺭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ، ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻠﻝ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﺤﺘﻭ لﺨﺩﺘ ﺩﻨﻝ ، ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﻠﻴﻗ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻊﻁﺘﻘﻨ ﺔـﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻠﺨ

ﺓﺭﻴﺎﻐﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻲﻔﻀﺘ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺎﻋﺭﺴ ، ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻁﻴﺤﻤ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﺒ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﻭﺤ .

ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺘﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﺒﺼﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﺘﻭ -

ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝ ﺔﻌﻀﺎﺨﻝﺍﻭ

ﻙﻼﺘﻤﻻﺍﻭ ﺏﻼﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻥﻤ -

ﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻌﻠﺨﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻰ

ﺕﺎـﻤﻠﻜ ﺭﻜﺫﻨ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻌﻓ ،ﺭﺨﺁ ﺹﺨﺸ ﻡﻼﻜ

،ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺨﺁ ﺹﺨﺸ ﺎﻤﻤ ، لﻤﺎﻜ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻁﻌﻨ ﺎﻨﻨﺃ ﺽﺭﺘﻔﻴ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺈﻓ

، ﺎﻘﻠﻁﻤ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺀﺎﻓﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻯﺭﺠ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺎﻓ – ﻥﺫﺇ – ﻪـﻨﺎﻜﻤ ﻊـﻀﻴﻝ ﻪـﻔﻗﻭﻤﻭ ﻩﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻲﻐﻠﻴﻭ ﺎﻴﺌﺎﻬﻨ ﺭﺨﺒﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ﻻ

ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﺎﺼ ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ .

ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻝﻭﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻬﻓ :

ﻪـﺌﺍﺩﺃﻭ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ﺹﺎﺼﺘﻤﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ

ﻪﺘﺍﺭﺎـﺸﺇﻭ ﻩﺭﺌﺎﻤﻀ لﻴﺩﻌﺘﻭ ، ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻨﻤﺯﺃ لﻴﻭﺤﺘ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ؛ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﺤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ ؛ ﺭـﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻪﻠﻌﺠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ، ﺎﻬﺘﻻﺎﺤﺇﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻕﺴﺘﺘ ﻲﻜ ﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺨﻭﺘﻤ ﻪﻠﻘﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺼ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺈﺒ ﺎﻨﻫ لﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﺫﺇ ﻭﺃ ، ﺎـﻨﻴﺤ ﻪـﻠﻘﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻗ

ﻪـﻝﺎﻗ ﺎـﻤ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﻭﻫ ﻪﺘﺎﻤﻠﻜ ﺎﻤﺩﺨﺘﺴﻤﻭ ، ﺭﺨﺁ ﺎﻨﻴﺤ ﻪﺌﺍﺯﺠﺃ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻉﺎﻁﺘﻗﺍﻭ ﻩﺯﺎﺠﻴﺇ

128

ﻪﻨﻋ لﻭﻘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ .

ﺭﺌﺎﻤﻀﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻨﻤﺯﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﺘ ﺫﺌﺩﻨﻋ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ

– ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻫﻭﻠﻝ –

ﻥﺈﻓ ﺫﺌﺩﻨﻋﻭ ، ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻴﺤﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ لﻗﺃ )

لﻋﺎﻓ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ( ﻪﻝ ﻉﺎﻨﻗ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﻜ ﺎﻬﻝﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺙﺩﺤﺘﻴﻭ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ لﺨﺩﻴ

ﺔﻴـﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻑـﻗﻭﻤ ﺫﺎـﺨﺘﺍﻭ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺍﺭﺘ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ، لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝﺎﺒ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ، ﺎﻬﻨﻋ لﻭﻘﻨﻤﻝﺍ

ﻩﺎﻤﺴ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻴﻭ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘ

ﻁﺭﺘﺸﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺍﻭﺼﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ

ﻲـﻓ ﺭـﺨﺁ ﺙﺩﺤﺘﻤ لﺎﺨﺩﺈﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻷﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻴ لﺒ ، ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻴﻴﺄﺘ ﻭﺃ ﻪﻀﻓﺭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺩﻤﻌﺘ ﻲﻜﻝ ، ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻜﺸﺒ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ .

لـﺜﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ

ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻴﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺜﻹﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﻘﻤ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﻴ ﺫﺇ ؛ ﻲﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺊﻜﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ .

لﻭﻘﻨ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻌﻓ :

» ﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻜﻌﻝﺍ لﺒ ،ﺍﺭﻴﻐﺼ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺩﻤﺤ ﺞﻀﺎﻨﻭ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﻪﻨﺇ ،

ﺔﻝﻭﻘﻤﻝﺎﻓ ،«

ﺎﻬﻤﺩﻘﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺔﻴﺴﻜﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﺘ لﺒ ،ﺏﺴﺤﻓ ﺍﺭﻴﻐﺼ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﻌﺘ ﻻ

.

ﻭ ﺫﻫ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺕﺍﻭﺼﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺩﻴ ﻲﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻠﻝ ﺢﻤﺴﻴ ﺫﺇ ؛

ﻥﻋ ﻥﻤﺍﺯﺘﻤﻝﺍ

ﻥﻴﻠﺒﺎﻘﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺘﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻨﺒﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺕﻭﺼﻝﺍ ؛

ﻹ ﻲﻔﻨﻠﻝ ﻲﻨﺒﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻭﺼﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺜ ،

ﻔﻨﻝﺎﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﺭﻴﻭ ﻲﻨﻤﻀ ﺕﺎﺒﺜﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﻲ ﻴﻠﺠﺘ ﻪﻠﻌﺠﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ،

ﺕﺍﻭـﺼﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﻝ ﺎﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﺎ

ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ .

ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻠﺜﻤﻭ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺘﺴﻻﺍ

لﺜﻤ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺄﺒ :

) ﻥﻜﻝ ﻭ ، ( ) ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ( ، ) ﺩﻴﺒ

ﺭﺤ ﻪﻴﻓ لﺨﺩﺘﻝ ، ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﺴﻠﺴﺘ ﻊﻁﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ، ( ﺔﻜ

ﺕﻻﺎﻤﺘﺤﻻﺍ ﻭ ﻑﻗﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺍﻭﺼﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﺒ ﻲﺸﺘ .

ﺭﺎﺸﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻝﺍ

ﺩ ﺭﻭﺘﻜ "

لﻀﻓ ﺡﻼﺼ "

ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ "

ﺩﻋﺎﺒﺘﻝﺍ "

ﻡﺠﻨـﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻪـﻨﻋ

ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻗﺭﺎﻔﻤ ،

ﻰﻤـﺴﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺎﻤ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺒﺴﺘﻜﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ

ـﻜ ﺔﻴﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻝﺎﺒ :

ﻭ ﻡﻜﻬﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺨﺴﻝﺍ

؛ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻫﺎـﻅ ﻥﺇ ﺫﺇ

ﻲـﻓ ﺩـﻋﺎ

ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﺎﻨﻋ ﻕﺤﺘﺴﺘ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ .

ﻰـﻠﻋ لﺩـﻴ ﻻ ﻑﻗﻭﻤ ﺫﺎﺨﺘﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻠﻜﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﻌﻴ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻌﻓ

ﻤﻝ لﻤﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﺔﻗﺭﺎﻔﻤ ﻕﻠﺨﻴ ﺍﺫﻬﻓ ، لﻭﻘﻴ ﺎ

ﻡـﻅﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﻼﺜﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺨﺴﻝﺎﻓ ،

ﻥﻋ لﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺎﺒﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻤﻜﺘ ﺔﻗﺭﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺭﺨﺁ ﺹﺨﺸ ﻭﺃ ﺊﺸ ﻥﻤ ﺹﺎﻘﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﻪﻝﻭﻗ . ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﻍﺎﺼﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ ﻋﺎﺒﺘﻝﺍ

ﺩ لﻴﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺨﺎﺴﻝﺍ )

ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻪﻝﻭﻘﻝ ﻩﺩﻴﻴﺄﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ لﺌﺎﻘﻠﻝ ﻭﺯﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﻗ (

ﻻ ﺔﻴﺭﺨـﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ لﻌﻔﻝﺎﺒﻭ ،

ﺎـﻔﻗﻭﻤ لﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥّﹺﻭﻜﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻻ ﻭﺃ ، ﻕﻘﺤﺘﺘ ﺤ ﺩﺼﻘﺒ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﺘﻴ ﻪﻨﺄﺒ ﻪﻝﻭﺅﻴ ﻱﺃ ، لﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺎﻔﻝﺎﺨﻤ ﻲـﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻪـﻴﺃﺭ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻤ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺭ

ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺱﻴﻝ .

129

ﻙﺭﺩﻨ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺎﻨﻝ ﻥﺎﺤﻤﺴﺘ ﻥﺎﺘﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﻙﺎﻨﻫﻭ )

ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻪﻝﻭﻘﻝ لﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻴﺄﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ (

ﻲﻝﺎـﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻠﻴﻭﺄﺘﻭ

ﺔﻴﺭﺨﺴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ :

ﺎﻤﻬﻝﻭﺃ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ : ) ﺭﻜﺫﻝﺍ ( ، ﻡﺌﻼﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺊﺸ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﺭﺨﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺠﻨ ﺎﻬﻴﻓﻭ ،

ﻝ ﺭﺎﺜﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻐﻝﺎﺒﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﻨﻴ ﻭﺃ ﺭﺩﻨﺘﻠ

. ﺭـﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫـﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ

ﺔﻴﻏﻼﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻜﺭﺤ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺸﺈﺒ ﺭﻭﻜﺫﻤﻝﺍ .

ﺎﻤﻬﺘﻴﻨﺎﺜﻭ لـﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ ، لﻜﺸ ﻱﺄﺒ ﺔﻤﻭﺴﻭﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﻌﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﺨﺴﻝﺍ ﺙﺩﺤﺘ ﻥﺃ :

ﻕﺩـﺼﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻝ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻠﻌﺠﺘ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻜ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤ ﻩﺩﻨﻋ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻘﺜ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻅﻴ ﻗ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﺏﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝﻭ ؛ ﺎﻴﻓﺭﺤ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻓﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻤﺒ ﻪﻠﻴﻭﺄﺘ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺍﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻻﻭﻗ ﻯﺭﻨ ﺩ

ﻪـﻨﺃ ﺍﻭﻜﺭﺩﻴ ﻲﻜ ، لﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻜ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒ ﻡﻬﻴﺩﻝ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﻭ ، ﻥﻴﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﺎﻁﻗ ﻩﺫـﻫ ﻙـﻠﻤﻴ ﺭـﺨﺁ ﻉﺎﻁﻗ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻠﻴﻭﺄﺘ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ، لﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺎﻴﻓﺭﺤ ﺩﺼﻘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﺔﻴﺭﺨﺴ ﺫﺌﻨﻴﺤ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴﻓ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ .

ﻤ ﻥﺈﻓ لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﺒﻭ ﻥﺃ ﻥـﻜﻤﻴ ، ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴـﺴﻝﺍ ﺭـﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤﻭ ، لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺎﺘﺘ

ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻤﻼﻜ لﻴﻭﺄﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻭﻘﺘﻭ ، لﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻙﻭﻠﺴ ﺢﻀﻭﺘ .

ﺎﻤ ﺹﺨﺸ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﻑﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺎﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﺢﻠﺼﻴ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍﻭ :

ﺃ - ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻀﻭﻷﺍ ﺡﻼﺼﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﺔﻤﻭﻜﺤ ﺎﻨﻴﺩﻝ ﻥﺇ ، ﷲ ﺩﻤﺤﻝﺍ .

ﺏ -

؟ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻅﺘ ﻭﺃ

ﺃ - ﻊﺒﻁﻝﺎﺒ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﻹﺎﺒ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﻨﻫﺭﺒ ﺩﻘﻝ ، .

ﺹﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺎﻤﻬﺒﻤ لﻅﻴ لﻭﻷﺍ لﻭﻘﻝﺎﻓ )

ﺏ ﻡﻠﻜﺘـﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻗﻭﻤ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ( )ﺃ

( ،

ﺎـﻬﻤﻬﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺎـﻴﻓﺭﺤ ﺓﺭﺎـﺒﻌﻝﺍ لـﻴﻭﺄﺘ ﺫﺌﻨﻴﺤ ﻪﻨﻜﻤﻴﻓ ؛ ﺎﻬﺘﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻴﺄﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻯﻭـﺴ ﻪﻤﺎﻤﺃ ﺱﻴﻠﻓ ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺜﺩﺤﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻠﻌﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺎﻤﺃ ، ﺔﻴﺭﺨﺴ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﺨﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻴ .

ﺀﺍﺭﺠﺇ ﺩﺭﺠﻤ ﺩﻌﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ، ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺎﻜﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ، ﺭﺨﻵﺍ لﻜﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓﻭ

ﺔـﻠﻤﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻭﺄﺘﺒ لﺼﺘﻴ ﺎﺌﻴﺸ ﻭﺃ ، لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﺴﻨﺠ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺩﻘﺒ ، ﻱﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ .

ﻰﻤﺴﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺹﻨ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ )

ﺎﻴﺩﻭﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ

PARODIA ﻌﻴ(

ﻡﺘـﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﺇ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ ، ﺹﺎﺨ ﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘ ﺔﻤﺎﻗﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘ

ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻩﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘ .

) ﺎﻴﺩﻭﺭﺎﺒﻝﺎﻓ ، ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻓﺍﺭﺤﻨﺍ لﺜﻤﺘ (

ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨ ﻙﻝﺫﺒ ﻲﻬﻓ ، ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺔﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻜ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺝﺎﻤﺩﺇ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ )

ﺹﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ( ،

لﺜﻤ : ﺭﻜﺫﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍﻭ ، ﺩﺎﻬﺸﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ،

، ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ؛

130

ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻨ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺎﻨﻴﻨﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻥﻜﻝ )

ﺩﻋﺎﺒﺘﻝﺍ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻴﺄﺘ ﻡﺩﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ (

ﻙﻝﺫ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨ ﺔﻴﺭﺨﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻝﻭﻴﻭ .

ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺹﻠﺨﻴﻭ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺭﺎﻴﺘ

ﻲـﻓ ﺩـﻴﻔﻴ ﺫـﺨﺃ ﺩﻗ

ﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻨﻭﻵﺍ ﻥﻴﺩـﺘ ﻪﺘﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻥﻜﻝ ، ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭ

– ﻪـﻴﺃﺭ ﻲـﻓ –

؛ ﺕﺎﻨﻴﺘﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻋ ﺫﻨﻤ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﻥﻴﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﺭﺎﻫﺩﺯﻻ ﺙﺤﺒﻴ ﻱﻭﻐﻝ ﺎﻤﻫﺩﺤﺃ

ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻲﻓ )

ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﻓ ﺎﻤ ﺔـﻝﺎﺤﻹﺍ ﺭﻫﺎـﻅﻤ ﻊـﺒﺘﺘﺒ (

ـﺠﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲـﻓ ﻥﻭﻴﻜﻴﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻪﺴﺭﺎﻤﻴﻭ ، ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﺔ

، ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤ ﺕﺜﺭﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻭﻠﻜﻝﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻴ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻭ

) ﺏﻭﺭﺒ PROPP ﺎﻬﺘﻏﺎﻴـﺼ ﺓﺩﺎـﻋﺇ ﻲـﻓ ﺕﺫﺨﺃﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺼ ﻲﻓ (

، ﺎﻬﻠﻴﺩﻌﺘﻭ ﺹﻨـﻝﺍ ﺕﺤﺘ ﺔﻨﻤﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﻴﻫﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﺫﻫ ﻊﻤﺠﻴﻭ

ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤﻭ .

ﻥﺍﺫﻫ ﺙﺒﻠﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻡﺜ ﺎـﻤﻫﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻲـﻓ ﺍﺭﻔﺴﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺃ ﻥﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ

ﺭﻭـﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﻔﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻘﺴﺘﻤ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺎﻨﻴﻌﺒﺴﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻠﻝ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﺭﻤﺜﺘﺴﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺩﻘﺒ ﻥ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻭﻫ لﻤﺎﺸ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋ ﺕﺤﺘ ، ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ .

ﺭﻔﺴﺃ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻥﻴﺘﻤﻬﻤ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﻀﻗ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺕ :

ﺎﻤﻫﻻﻭﺃ ﻭﻫ ، ﺩﺩﺤﻤ لﺍﺅﺴ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ :

: ؟ ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻤ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ

ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍﻭ ﻲـﻓ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ، ﻲﻔﻴﻜﻝﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ :

ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺹﻨ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ .

ﺔـــﻤﺘﺎـــﺨﻝﺍ :

ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻅﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺠﻨ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺎـﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺩـﻨﻋ ﻑﻗﻭﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﻋﻭﻨﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻠﻝ ﻥﻴﺴ

لﺩﺎـﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﺔـﻗﻼﻋ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬـﺘﺍﺯﻜﺘﺭﻤ لﺒ ، ﺎﻬﻝ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺞﻬﻨﻤ ﻻ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻥﻜﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻊﻴﻭﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺢﻴﺘﺘ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻋﻭـﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﺎﻔﺘﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺩﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻴﻘﺘ ﺔـﺘﺒﺎﺜ ﺕﺎـﻴﻁﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺔـﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﻭﻫ

.

ﺔـﻴﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻔﻠﺨﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ ﺔﻓﺩﺎﻫ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺎﺴﺴﺃ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﺠﻨ ﺎﻤﻜ لﻭــﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ لـﻤﺸﻷﺍ ﻱﺭـﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻩﺎـﺠﺘﻻﺎﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘﺒﻭ ، ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻥﻴﺭﺼﺎـﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﺘﻨﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ :

ﺹﻨـﻝﺍ ﻡــﻠﻋ

ـﻁﺨﻝﺍ لـﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻭﺃ . ﺏﺎ

131

ﻊـﺠﺍﺭــﻤﻝﺍ :

.1 ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤ ، ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺤﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ، ﺭﻴﺨﻠﺒ ﺭﻤﻋ

ﻁ ، ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ، ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ،1

.2003

.2 ﻭ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﻨﺩﻝ ﺀﺎﻓﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ، ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ، ﺏﺭﺍﻭﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ

، ﺭﺼﻤ ، ﺔﻴﺭﺩﻨﻜﺴﻹﺍ ، ﺭﺸﻨﻝﺍ .2003

.3 ﻼﺒ ، لﻀﻓ ﺡﻼﺼ ﻭ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻏ

، ﻥﻭﺭﺸﺎﻨ ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤ ، ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺔﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍﻭ

ﻁ ، ﻥﺎﻤﺠﻨﻭﻝ ، ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ، 1

.1996

ﺵﻤﺍﻭﻬﻝﺍ :

- 1

ـﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﻭـﻀ ﻲـﻓ ﻲﺤﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ، ﺭﻴﺨﻠﺒ ﺭﻤﻋ ﺔ

ﺕﺍﺭﻭـﺸﻨﻤ ، ﺔـﻴﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ

ﻁ ، ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ،1

ﺹ ،2003 : 7.

–2 ﺭﻅﻨﻴ :

، ﺏﺭﺍﻭﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺔـﻋﺎﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﻨﺩـﻝ ﺀﺎـﻓﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ، ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ

ﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺭ ، ﺭﺼﻤ ، ﺔﻴﺭﺩﻨﻜﺴﻹﺍ ، .2003