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Use of MR Imaging-defined Connectome to Predict the Recovery of Patients after Cardiac Arrest

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Use of MR Imaging-defined Connectome to Predict the Recovery of Patients after Cardiac Arrest

HALLER, Sven

HALLER, Sven. Use of MR Imaging-defined Connectome to Predict the Recovery of Patients after Cardiac Arrest. Radiology , 2018, vol. 287, no. 1, p. 256-257

DOI : 10.1148/radiol.2017172372 PMID : 29558302

Available at:

http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:145430

Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version.

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Reviews and CommentaRy

n Editorial

256 radiology.rsna.org nRadiology: Volume 287: Number 1—April 2018

https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2017172372 Content code:

Radiology 2018; 287:256–257

1 From the Affidea Centre Diagnostique Radiologique de Carouge (CDRC), Clos de la Fonderie 1, 1277 Carouge, Switzerland; Department of Surgical Sciences, {Division of} Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and Department of Radiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Received October 11, 2017; final version accepted October 12. Address correspondence to the author (e-mail: Sven.haller@me.com).

Conflicts of interest are listed at the end of this article.

See also the article by Sair et al in this issue.

q RSNA, 2018

Sven Haller, MD, MSc

Use of mR imaging–defined Connectome to Predict the Recovery of Patients after Cardiac arrest 1

C

ardiac arrest is a leading cause of death. The majority of patients (80%) resuscitated from car- diac arrest do not regain consciousness immediately; they remain in a coma for hours to weeks or even in a long-term vegetative state (1). The outcome of patients with acute coma after cardiac arrest ranges from full recovery to per- sistent vegetative state. Therefore, in the initial stage of coma after cardiac arrest, a prediction of the outcome is of paramount importance both for the relatives and treating medical team.

However, the currently available vali- dated tools to predict outcome remain limited. It is difficult to perform ethical research and obtain consent for these severely ill patients. This explains why limited research is available, mostly sin- gle-center studies, despite the clinical need to predict outcome for comatose patients after cardiac arrest.

The available tools to assess the co- matose patient include electroenceph- alography and evoked potentials (2,3).

Concerning magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, T2-weighted fluid attenuation inversion recovery and, in particular, diffusion-weighted imaging (4,5) may provide prognostic information.

Advanced MR imaging techniques, notably resting-state functional MR imaging, remain poorly investigated in the setting of acute coma after cardiac arrest. This is because it is challenging to perform functional MR imaging in such a severely ill patient group. More- over, it is difficult to perform multisite functional MR imaging studies even in less severely ill patients. The research team to actually accomplish both tasks at the same time can be congratulated because they addressed a relevant clin- ical question.

In the article by Sair et al (6), the au- thors had success assessing resting-state networks in this severely ill patient group who underwent acute coma after cardiac

arrest across three different sites and by using three different MR machines. Two of the well-established resting-state net- works, notably the default-mode network and the salience network, predicted good versus bad outcome. These two func- tional connectivity functional MR imaging measures were further compared with the established T2-weighted fluid atten- uation inversion recovery and diffusion- weighted imaging parameters. The com- bination of default-mode network and the salience network with functional MR imaging outperformed the established T2-weighted fluid attenuation inversion recovery sequence (area under the curve, 0.88 vs 0.74, respectively) or diffusion- weighted imaging (area under the curve, 0.71). Importantly, the assessment of resting functional MR imaging functional connectivity was successful across dif- ferent sites with different MR imagers, which indicated that there was potential clinical use for the resting functional MR imaging–derived measure to predict out- come in the acute phase of coma after cardiac arrest. Future large-scale studies will be necessary to validate the results from Sair et al. It will be of particular in- terest to address the question of whether the combined assessment of MR param- eters (eg, resting functional MR imaging, T2-weighted fluid attenuation inversion recovery, and diffusion-weighted imag- ing) and electroencephalography result in further improvements to predict outcome of patients with acute coma after cardiac arrest.

Disclosures of Conflicts of Interest: M.H. dis- closed no relevant relationships.

References

1. Marion DW. Coma due to cardiac arrest:

prognosis and contemporary treatment.

F1000 Med Rep 2009;1:89.

2. Hofmeijer J, Beernink TM, Bosch FH, Bei- shuizen A, Tjepkema-Cloostermans MC, van Putten MJ. Early EEG contributes to

This copy is for personal use only. To order printed copies, contact reprints@rsna.org

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Radiology: Volume 287: Number 1—April 2018 nradiology.rsna.org 257 EDITORIAL: MR-defined Connectome to Predict the Recovery of Patients after Cardiac Arrest Haller

multimodal outcome prediction of postan- oxic coma. Neurology 2015;85(2):137–143.

3. Rossetti AO, Oddo M, Logroscino G, Kaplan PW. Prognostication after cardiac arrest and hypothermia: a prospective study. Ann Neurol 2010;67(3):301–307.

4. Hirsch KG, Mlynash M, Jansen S, et al.

Prognostic value of a qualitative brain MRI scoring system after cardiac arrest. J Neu- roimaging 2015;25(3):430–437.

5. Wijman CA, Mlynash M, Caulfield AF, et al.

Prognostic value of brain diffusion-weighted

imaging after cardiac arrest. Ann Neurol 2009;65(4):394–402.

6. Sair HI, Hannawi Y, Li S, et al. Early func- tional connectome integrity and 1-year re- covery in comatose survivors of cardiac ar- rest. Radiology 2018;287(1):247–255.

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