Length–weight relationship of thirteen demersal fishes from the tropical Brazilian continental shelf

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Length–weight relationship of thirteen demersal fishes

from the tropical Brazilian continental shelf

Leandro Nole, Lucas Vinícius, Santos Silva, Flávia Lucena, Leandro Eduardo,

Thierry Frédou, Alex Lira, Lucas Silva, Beatrice Ferreira, Arnaud Bertrand,

et al.

To cite this version:

Leandro Nole, Lucas Vinícius, Santos Silva, Flávia Lucena, Leandro Eduardo, et al.. Length–weight relationship of thirteen demersal fishes from the tropical Brazilian continental shelf. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, Wiley, 2019, 35 (2), pp.590-593. �10.1111/jai.13831�. �ird-02197001�

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Length–Weight relationship of thirteen demersal fishes from the

tropical Brazilian continental shelf

DOI: 10.1111/jai.13831

Leandro Nole Eduardo1, *, Thierry Frédou1, Alex Souza Lira1, Lucas Vinícius Santos Silva1, Beatrice Padovani Ferreira2, Arnaud Bertrand1,2,3, Frédéric Ménard4, Flávia Lucena Frédou1.

1_{Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Rua D. Manuel de}

Medeiros, sn, Dois irmãos, CEP 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.

2_{Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Oceanografia, Recife, PE, Brazil.}

3_{Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD,}

Sète, France.

4_{IRD, UMR MIO}_{Aix Marseille Univ/Université de Toulon/CNRS/IRD, Marseille, France}

.

*Corresponding author: leandronole@hotmail.com - Tel: +55 81 33206015 (Brazil)

ABSTRACT

This study provides the length-weight relationship (LWR) for 13 demersal fish species belonging to 11 families and 8 orders. Data were collected in the northeast Brazilian continental shelf during two scientific surveys (2015 and 2017) using a bottom trawl net (side length of body mesh: 40 mm, side length of cod-end mesh: 25mm) at 35 stations between 15 and 60 m of depth. We provide novel LWRs for 4 species and expand the size range of 9 relationships previously established.

INTRODUCTION

Length-weight relationships (LWR) can be very important for stock differentiation, ecological modeling, to infer body condition indices, calculate biomass based on length frequency distributions, and for acoustic surveys (R. Froese, 2006; Martins Vaz-dos-Santos & Lúcia Del Bianco Rossi-Wongtschowski, 2013). However, despite its importance and the fact that these relationships are easily obtained, they are usually missing for several species, especially those that are not commercially important (Freire, Rocha, & Souza, 2009).

Along the Brazilian coast, several studies have estimated fish LWRs parameters. However, these studies mainly focused on the South (e.g. Catelani et al., 2017; Martins Vaz-dos-Santos and Lúcia Del Bianco Rossi-Wongtschowski, 2013; Vianna et al., 2004) and Southeast (e.g. Freire et al., 2009; MacIeira and Joyeux, 2009; Passos et al., 2012) regions. In the continental shelf of northeast Brazil, an area of high biodiversity

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where many threatened and near-threatened species occur (Eduardo et al., 2018), only a few LWR references are available for estuarine and shallow water (0-30m) species (e.g Aguiar-Santos, Sampaio, Barroso, Nunes, & Piorski, 2018; Joyeux et al., 2009; Viana et al., 2016). Here new LWR information is provided for 13 species of demersal fishes occurring along the Brazilian northeast continental shelf.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The study area comprises the northeast Brazilian continental shelf, between the states of Rio Grande do Norte (5°0’S; 35°0’W) and Alagoas (9°0’S; 35°0’W). Data were collected during a scientific survey, the Acoustics along the BRAzilian COaSt (ABRACOS) expeditions, on board the IRD R/V ANTEA. Sampling was conducted during two cruises, from August 30th to 20th September 2015 and 9th April – 6th May 2017, using a bottom trawl (side length of body mesh: 40 mm, side length of cod-end mesh: 25mm, entrance dimensions horizontal x vertical: 28 x10 m) at 35 stations. Hauls were performed between 15 and 60 m of depth, for about 5 minutes at 3.2 kt.

Fish individuals were identified, measured (nearest 0.1 cm total length, TL) and weighed (nearest 0.01 g in total weight, TW). The LWR values were estimated using the equation: TW = a × TLb, where TW is the total weight (in g); TL is the total length (in cm); a is the intercept of the regression curve (intercept of TW when TL is zero or initial growth coefficient) and b is the regression slope (coefficient indicating isometric or allometric growth) (Rainer Froese, 2006; Rainer Froese, Tsikliras, & Stergiou, 2011). Prior to calculation of the LWR, outliers for each species were graphically identified using TL vs. TW plots (Froese & Binohlan, 2000) and removed. The fit of the model to the data was measured by the coefficient of determination r-squared (R²).

RESULTS

A total of 13 species belonging to 11 families and 8 orders were analyzed (Table 1). All regressions were highly significant (P < 0.01), with the coefficient of determination (r2) ranging from 0.953 to 0.994 (Table 1). The intercept a varied between 0.00002 (Aulostomus maculatus) and 0.0119 (Haemulon squamipinna), while the value of b varied between 2.67 (Alphestes afer) and 3.58 in (Aulostomus maculatus).

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DISCUSSION

This study provides novel LWRs for four species (Bothus ocellatus, A. afer, H. squamipinna and Scorpaena bergii) and expands the size range of nine other relationships (Table 1). For two species, Hypanus marianae and H. squamipinna, we also present record values of maximum total length. The LWR allometric coefficient (b) for all species were within the expected range of 2.5–3.5 (Rainer Froese, 2006), with exception of A. maculatus (b= 3.58). This positive allometric coefficient was obtained from a species with an unusual and elongated body shape. Further, factors as differences across populations, gonadal maturity, sample size, range of specimens size, and techniques of preservation might also have influenced the LWR parameters presented here (Rainer Froese, 2006).

In conclusion, this study provides new LWRs information for thirteen demersal fish species that may be a useful tool in future studies aimed at monitoring and understanding fish populations.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We acknowledge the French oceanographic fleet for funding the at-sea survey ABRACOS 1 and 2 (http://dx.doi.org/10.17600/15005600 / http://dx.doi.org/10.17600/17004100) and the officers and crew of the R/V Antea for their contribution to the success of the operations. The present study could not have been done without the work of all participants from the BIOIMPACT Laboratory. Thanks also to Michael Maia Mincarone (NUPEM) for species identification and deposition in the Fish Collection of NUPEM. We thank the CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development), which provided student scholarship to Leandro Nolé Eduardo and Alex Souza Lira and research grant for Thierry Frédou, Beatrice Padovani Ferreira and Flávia Lucena Frédou. This work is a contribution to the LMI TAPIOCA, program CAPES/COFECUB (88881.142689/2017-01), and PADDLE project, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 73427.

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REFERENCES

Aguiar-Santos, J., Sampaio, A. S., Barroso, T. L., Nunes, J. L. S., & Piorski, N. M. (2018). Length-weight relationships of six fish species from São Marcos Bay, Northeastern Brazil. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, (January), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13722

Catelani, P. A., Bauer, A. B., & Petry, A. C. (2017). Length–weight relationships of fishes from the estuary of the Macaé River, Southeastern Brazil. Journal of

Applied Ichthyology, 33(6), 1251–1253. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13443

Eduardo, L. N., Frédou, T., Lira, A. S., Ferreira, B. P., Bertrand, A., Ménard, F., & Frédou, F. L. (2018). Identifying key habitat and spatial patterns of fish biodiversity in the tropical Brazilian continental shelf. Continental Shelf Research, (July), 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2018.07.002

Freire, K. M. F., Rocha, G. R. A., & Souza, I. L. (2009). Length-weight relationships for fishes caught by shrimp trawl in southern Bahia, Brazil. Journal of Applied

Ichthyology, 25(3), 356–357. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2009.01220.x

Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22(4), 241– 253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x

Froese, R. (2006). Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: History, meta-analysis and recommendations. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 22(4), 241– 253. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00805.x

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56(4), 758–773. https://doi.org/10.1006/jfbi.1999.1194

Froese, R., Tsikliras, A. C., & Stergiou, K. I. (2011). Editorial note on weight-length relations of fishes. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 41(4), 261–263. https://doi.org/10.3750/AIP2011.41.4.01

Joyeux, J. C., Giarrizzo, T., MacIeira, R. M., Spach, H. L., & Vaske, T. (2009). Length-weight relationships for Brazilian estuarine fishes along a latitudinal gradient.

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MacIeira, R. M., & Joyeux, J. C. (2009). Length-weight relationships for rockpool fishes in Brazil. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 25(3), 358–359. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2008.01118.x

Martins Vaz-dos-Santos, A., & Lúcia Del Bianco Rossi-Wongtschowski, C. (2013). Length-weight relationships of the ichthyofauna associated with the Brazilian sardine, Sardinella brasiliensis, on the Southeastern Brazilian Bight (22°S-29°S) between 2008 and 2010. Biota NeotropIca, 13(2), 326–330. Retrieved from

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http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br

Passos, A. C., Schwarz, R., Cartagena, B. F. C., Garcia, A. S., & Spach, H. L. (2012). Weight-length relationship of 63 demersal fishes on the shallow coast of Parana, Brazil. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 28(5), 845–847. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2012.01973.x

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Family Species

Total length (cm) Weight (g) Regression parameters

N

Min Max Min Max a (95% CI) b (95% CI) R2

Myliobatiformes Dasyatidae Hypanus marianae Gomes, Rosa & Gadig, 2000 52 16.5 65 1 1930 0.0048 (0.0032 -0.0064) 3.08(2.98-3.28) 0.9532 Pleuronectiformes Paralichthyidae Syacium micrurum Ranzani, 1842 70 6.5 25 2.4 163.2 0.0065 (0.0055-0.0075) 3.15(3.09-3.20) 0.9942 Bothidae Bothus ocellatus (Agassiz, 1831) †† 154 5.2 16 1.9 55.3 0.0108 (0.0085-0.0136) 3.03(2.93-3.12) 0.9633 Syngnathiformes Aulostomidae Aulostomus maculatus Valenciennes, 1841 37 15.3 31.5 3.6 57 _{0.0002(0.0001-0.0005) 3.58(3.34-3.82)} 0.9673 Labriformes Scaridae Cryptotomus roseus Cope, 1871 25 5.6 10.7 1.8 16.4 0.0051 (0.0039-0.0063) 3.41(3.31-3.504) 0.9857

Sparisoma radians (Valenciennes, 1840) 50 5.1 20 1.38 132.4 0.0095 (0.0084-0.0108) 3.21(3.16-3.26) 0.9962

Perciformes Gerreidae Ulaema lefroyi (Goode, 1874) 44 9.5 19.5 7.8 87 0.0037 (0.0019-0.0055) 3.4(3.23-3.567) 0.9832 Serranidae Alphestes afer (Bloch, 1793) †† 38 13.5 21.4 32.5 136 0.0045 (0.0023-0.0089) 2.67(2.55-2.79) 0.9569 Haemulidae Haemulon squamipinna Rocha & Rosa, 1999 †† 100 11.1 19.5 18.3 110.9 0.0119 (0.0083-0.0170) 3.05(2.92-3.18) 0.9724 Scorpaeniformes Scorpaenidae Scorpaena bergii Evermann & Marsh, 1900 †† 11 5 8.5 2 8.2 0.0085 (0.0069-0.0101) 3.41(3.21-3.619) 0.9898 Spariformes Sparidae Calamus calamus (Valenciennes, 1830) 25 6.5 27.5 5.3 391.4 0.0306(0.0203-0.0460) 2.81(2.68-2.95) 0.9877 Tetraodontiformes Monacanthidae Cantherhines macrocerus (Hollard, 1853) 15 6 38.6 2.7 1042.4 0.0156(0.0064-0.0725) 3.20(3.03-3.337) 0.9924

Stephanolepis hispidus (Linnaeus, 1766) 73 7.1 36.9 5.6 364.2 0.0292(0.0199-0.0430) 2.75(2.59-2.91) 0.9862

Table 1- Descriptive statistics and parameters of LWRs for 13 demersal fish species from the northeast Brazilian continental shelf. (††) Novel 0

length-weight relationships. 1