Part 2: IMPLEMENTATION MANUAL

Part 2: IMPLEMENTATION MANUAL

Technical contribution:

WHO standards for prosthetics and orthotics

Contents: Part 1. Standards; Part 2. Implementation manual ISBN 978-92-4-151248-0

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Contents by theme ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} v

Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii

Abbreviations and acronyms ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} ix

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Area 1. Policy ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .}3

1A Stakeholders and their roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

1B Guiding framework ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 6

1C Monitoring ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 8

1D International support ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 8

1E Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1F Economic benefits ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 12

1G Ensuring cost–effectiveness ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 14

1H Benefits of early detection and treatment of impairments ^{. . . . . . . . . . . .} 15

1I Prevention of avoidable impairments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

1J Universal health coverage ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 16

1K Financing ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 18

1L Considerations in applying service fees ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 21

1M Facilitating access of users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

1N Assessing the need ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 22

1O Collection of data ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 24

1P Data on impact ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 27

1Q Awareness-raising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

1R Strengthening the image ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 30

Area 2. Products . . . . 33

2A Appropriate technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

2B Overview of product features ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 35

2C Prefabricated and custom-made products ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 36

2D Priority assistive products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

2E ISO categorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

2F Supply of components and materials ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 38

2G Regulation of technical issues ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 40

2H Structural and clinical testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1 2I Technical and clinical research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

2J Development of affordable products ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 43

Area 3. Personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

3A Service unit personnel ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 45

3B Other professionals on the team ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 47

3C Multidisciplinary rehabilitation teams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

3D Training of prosthetics and orthotics personnel ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 48

3E Training other professionals in prosthetics and orthotics ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . .} 53

3F Continuing professional development ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 54

3G Role development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

3H Workforce planning ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 56

3I Retention of personnel ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 59

3J Professional regulation ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 60

3K Professional recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1 3L Professional associations and societies ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 6 1 Area 4. Provision of services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

4A User policy ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 63

4B The user: a central resource in planning and provision of services ^{. . . . . . . . .} 64

4C The right of users to choose their service provider and technology . . . . . . . . . 65

4D Accessible services ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 65

4E Types of service provider ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 66

4F Inclusion of prosthetics and orthotics services in the health sector . . . . . . . . . 67

4G Service delivery systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

4H Decentralization of services ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 7 1 4I Maintenance and repair services ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 78

4J Service provision in disasters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

4K Exclusive and inclusive service units ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 80

4L The service unit ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 8 1 4M Equipment ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 83

4N Working environment and safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

4O User identification and referral ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 84

4P The service delivery process ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 85

4Q Service unit management ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 9 1 4R Quality management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Governance

1A Stakeholders and their roles ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 3

1B Guiding framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1C Monitoring ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 8

Finance 1E Costs ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 9

1F Economic benefits ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 12

1G Ensuring cost–effectiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

1J Universal health coverage ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 16

1K Financing ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 18

1L Considerations in applying service fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Data 1N Assessing the need . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

1O Collection of data ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 24

1P Data on impact ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 27

Awareness-raising 1Q Awareness-raising ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 27

1R Strengthening the image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Early detection/prevention 1H Benefits of early detection and treatment of impairments . . . . . . . . . . 15

1I Prevention of avoidable impairments ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 15

Technical issues 2A Appropriate technology ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 33

2B Overview of product features ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 35

2C Prefabricated and custom-made products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

2D Priority assistive products ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 37

2E ISO categorization ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 38

2F Supply of component and materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

2G Regulation of technical issues ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 40

2H Structural and clinical testing ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 4 1 2I Technical and clinical research ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 42

2J Development of affordable products ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 43

Personnel 3A Service unit personnel ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 45

3B Other professionals on the team ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 47

3C Multidisciplinary rehabilitation teams ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 47

3D Training of prosthetics and orthotics personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

3E Training other professionals in prosthetics and orthotics ^{. . . . . . . . . .} 53

3F Continuing professional development ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 54

3G Role development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

3H Workforce planning ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 56

3I Retention of personnel ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 59

3J Professional regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

3K Professional recognition ^{. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .} 6 1

3L Professional associations and societies 6 1