• Aucun résultat trouvé

Vers la confiance ou comment assurer le développement du commerce électronique

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "Vers la confiance ou comment assurer le développement du commerce électronique"

Copied!
20
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)

RESEARCH OUTPUTS / RÉSULTATS DE RECHERCHE

Author(s) - Auteur(s) :

Publication date - Date de publication :

Permanent link - Permalien :

Rights / License - Licence de droit d’auteur :

Bibliothèque Universitaire Moretus Plantin

Institutional Repository - Research Portal

Dépôt Institutionnel - Portail de la Recherche

researchportal.unamur.be

University of Namur

Vers la confiance ou comment assurer le développement du commerce électronique

Antoine, Mireille; Poullet, Yves

Published in:

Authenticité et Informatique

Publication date:

2000

Document Version

le PDF de l'éditeur

Link to publication

Citation for pulished version (HARVARD):

Antoine, M & Poullet, Y 2000, Vers la confiance ou comment assurer le développement du commerce

électronique. Dans Authenticité et Informatique. Académia Bruylant, Bruxelles, p. 345-381.

General rights

Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners

and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.

• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.

• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain

• You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ?

Take down policy

If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately

and investigate your claim.

(2)

~

CQ 00

z

-<

)/

~

)/

)/

...

..

00

~

>

>-..

~

~

~

)/ 0

...

~

0

~

)/

,

...

œ

~

00

00

~..~ ~4>"'00 cd 0 ~ .Q ~'I: '" -œ .~ ., 00""" ~~o'"

'1:

~

cd

..œ

~

~

=

~

~

~'a

"

OO'~

D"""-'&'

~

00

-;;!i

~.fi.

6

.:

"Q;

~~

~

~-"*

.::

~

~

~

'1:

5

0

D

~

~

~

$;

...oooo~

.2:œ

2:~~~~"~

...

::

..

~ô-::œ

~8~0§

._~.2:~$;~~~~ .::

o.~

cd

'0;

~..

~

.",

oo",œ-~

œ>'.","'_o=

œ

œ

~

~A~M-a;.::~~~

'"

~00~.2:"'00~

~

.:

~::;

.a

A

~

'0..!4

...,

~

~

,

oo~ ~.,~~'" 00 --~ ...

.--00

~

00

'"'

.,

" O'" -'::"'" ..~.._,",-"._",-~oo~ ..-~

.0"...00

-.,~

~

~_œ'" .,...00 ~ ~ œ..œ-~cd go ~..§ ~ .~ .a a; cd ~ ~.. ~ ~ ~:.; ~ ~ CI)

oo...~bD.=~OObD~

...f4 -., 00 ...~ '1: ~ ., 00 ~ ...~ .-.,

~...~

.::œoo"Q;~

~"'=" cd" o'-$; ~~ 0 ~,.~ ~~ô

œ'"

0

,",cdOOœ

..!4

œ

..~

00

.,

~.o

.::

00

.-0

.--0

...~o""

~~~oo"

œ

_0...

cd,",

bi).Q'"'

œ~cd'""'::

~ ~ .~ cd ""' cd 00 ~ ., ~ ~ '"' ~

QI)

~

...~

..~

M

~

:...::8.~~~~~œ

.~.. ~ ~ $; ~ ~ ~~~".,~~~~o cd-CI)""~ ..~ ~_.~ oo~o... .0 = '3 A';; ~ 00 -<6

~

Z

f:l

~

f:l

~f:l

~;:J

;:;-00

~~~

=f:lZ

~>o

o~~

ZQ~

~~~

r..~~

z~.~

o~

o~~

<;:J~

~rlJf:l

rIJ~~

~~~

~zo

~~o

Y~;:J

~Q

0

0

;:J

0

*

*

~

~

.~

~

~

':s~

*'

~

.~

~

~

A

E:

-<~

~

~

..~ Z 0 E-. ~A ~ ., ~~ 0 ~

~

@~

~

~

:::>~.,

<

i

~

~~

~

~

00

~~

~

~

~

.,~

~

~

~;~

~

~

~~

~

~

~

~

~

~

~

iS

z

~

~

~

~

~

Q

~

0 0

~

Q

~

~

~

~

~

~

00

Z

"! "!

:

...

... ~

~

t

0 ~ ~

~

~

"

~

D

~

"

..

";

a

a

0 00 ŒI

~

"

~

l.rlill.liîUl.!tL:I.!lI

~ ~ 0 10

~

...

-< ' ~

J,q

0

>

0

p

~

J,q ~

~

~ J,q .~ ~ .,'W '"

~

..~

'"

~

~

""w

~

J,q

.'w

s.

c:

'C

~ ~ ~..: 0 J,q ~ ., 0 04)

~O

..~~

.

~

1::

..".w'"

-c

~~

~

~s

§

0

~

..~

.,:;;'

.-~o O~p. Ô ~.. ~ ~'C c:

z

..,

0

0

h~

~~.,

~

~. ~ -., -~~.,-C

--~

-J,q J,q .~ C

~~

~~.,

.~'C.,

~ ~ ~'.s '" ~ .g S ~ J,q .., '" ., ~. 0;

~

-.-0=

",,-

0

J,q"

~

~~o=

",.""

~S..g~~~

..s-c'f

0 -oop. -"., ~z ., Q,! 0 ~~ 0= t:= "'~04)~ .,~;::'" J,qi.i ~~~., .

8.

"0~'"

0

~

o.."

Q

-Z

~

~

'"""

-04)

8

~

;

~~-E!f~

~.8'â

~ ~ ~ ~ 0 .Q.t: .." '" ~ J,q ~ -~.~.f .~ ...1:

~~~~~

""00...,0

~ ~.. .~ ~"Q --,~ \1 p. 1 ~~:;: ~~~~~~~

O

p.

.~S.:;!~

.~~~

..

-~

z

0

~

...1.

.

.J.qp

1-,

-,..

J,q-~~

1

~

~

~

,

,

..."

'

~

:I~-,,-o=~"-o.~",""'o"=00 ".-=:1 >" ...~ " ~ " ,,~ S

~~>.!S...;3;;"

'0

.."="':1

st:

~f2~~~""'~

":I~~oo""._'" ~... a' .,,"'" ~ " a.:s 'S .! ...'.: ~ 8 .00.0" "", :1

"._"~._o-..,~...=-~S.!

~ gg".o~'" ",,_-0 0-"

:l°~.~="

S

.",~,,:a.=:1._~

"

~

=

"

S~~~=.~...~g.

8=S"g~".S.~

ggSz-2~:I'"."

.,~

~

j

~

's

~

~

,..-'-'

0

0..-"

"

..~

.=

..0

~

.~..",

S.~..."

~

"

œ".~

le

~~

~.~

,,-

f

<.E.~~gSg.~~

~~;"'Eoo=S.a.~

..,=,,~g8""'~

"

i'"

~

""

8"'~

,,~...~0. 0 0 ...""P~- ~ .~~oo~.!!i,.~~5 ~"O ~

--.~~,.,

0

~=

~~e..;,;§.~g"

~ ~ d :1 ~. ~ ""'.0. '0 ".o_~t::'

,,00

-""

~o."

...=

..,°oi

.":1"

~

~~,,~CXI~.~=

,,

-.~~"'~S

...

s e~ ~ e d";;.;:'8.~-." .~~o"',,~o= "'~s~.8~.g~~

~

.S

~..

0

~

"",

"'o-~-o.

0

..=

~

"

~"

-f

oQ

~s§~~"'i""'t::'

-0,,0.

"

f.~

-~~

,~.'d

-:l"~

~ ~~- ..=~ ~ ~""= (D"~ ...

e

~.~

~

~

~

.~<

~

0

~ ~:l0

~

"

~

~'

~~...'

~

..,

~

=...

~

'~Q)

~

=

'

Q) a ~ .-Q) â5 Q) 0 .~ "0 Q) Q) ~ = Q):= = ".. -Q) Q) :~ Q)=... =~~ ~ "poQ) ...~.::~~ ;:: ~::~:'-=,Q ..=Q) Q)O~ =:~:= = = -'S Q) =~Q)==

0

~

~

Q)

po

f

="

~

~

=

Q)

=

i

-~

~

.~

J,

~

~

:=

~

~

i..,

~

~

=

~].§.~

po

~

~

~

=

~

;

;

~~

.~

~

Q)

,Q

0

=

='"

=.-

Q)

Q)

=

.=

po

...Q)

..Q)

~

~

.!

=

~

~

>

~

=-

~

~

~

i

go

~

§

~

.8

~

'S

~

's

:'

;e

~,=Q)

~.

Q)Q)

:==Q):=~

=

=~=..!:

..,,~

~

~

'S

=

=

~

Q)

~

=

Q)

a

~

.-Q)

~

~

Q)

=

,.,

"0

~

:

"*

::

:;:;

;;

~

:

~

~

~::

.;

oS'"

5

~

]

~

i

;

~

~

po-~

Q)

~

~

:a-:E'

=

~

=".~'"

5

":~

:.-

.=

..!:

...~

Q)

~

~

Q)

,Q

~

~

o~

.,.=

~

;e

~

""

=

"'$

~

~

"

~

.-.,

...=

~

~

0-

~

œ:::

=

=

.,

o~

=

Q)

~

..~

=]

a

Q)

=~]

~~~~

e:=.p.~===a"S~~~

=

O~.:"O!:

~:'-Q)

~"'$~~,QO

~>'fpo'-

Q)~

".;~:::~ZJ.g

'S,88

.s-::~;

~1go~~:

~~~:;~

.2i.~~~,Q:j~

0

=

,

~

>

".8

0-

~

Q)

~

~

~

~

,,=.=

.~

Q)

.;:

...=

0

..=

0 ~.=., ~ o,,:~ po 0- ., ~ o~ := ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ s ~ .=~.. ""'"'$Q)'-"'$.,Q)œ= ...~.- ~-::!~.. ...~=o_"~-"'$:=o'=~= ~,0~~.==0~..!: = ~ Q) = ~ =.~ Q) ~.= ~ ~ ~ ...d ~ -po a 0 ~.=;e ~ = ...~ ~~po O~~~,; o_~"..:~~ O"O~"~...~~ .-~ 0 >.D -= f ...~.~ ~ ~ .."'$ Q) a ~ -= d:~ '0 0

::!

.,

~

=

-.,

-=

u

Q)

0)

œ

"0

-Q)

0

...Q)

.~

=

~

=

~po~

:.-"'-;g'gO)~~;.Eo~~a=~~~"

Q)g'g"œ-=Q'"

~~~

S~~Q).g~d~~=

'$e""~~~~.:g:g~~."Q~

S~o-

..=...~

8...g~.=~

!:,QA=~"'",~_"Q)Q)~~-=

S

go

i

'E

~.2i.

~

~

~

~

o~

.Q)

-=

g

g'g

=

~

~

i

]

~

~

.,

~

.~

~

Q)

;

"".-

~

Q)

;:

~

.,

Q)

~

Q)

~

Q)

"

~

~

.S

~

::5

:;

~

0

d

~

§

~

~

2

>

8

A

~

~

;

~

~

~

:A.~

~

~

05

-=

-=.2i..

;e

0

~

~

~

"~

~

~

~

a

=

~

~

po

a

]

a

~

;e

~

'S

"'5

~

:

.8

o~

"'5

~

~.g

~

~

~

-;

~

Q)

~

~

1

go

~

~

8

:

:E

~.S

a

's

~

;

~

~

i

~

~.=

8

.g

.,

=

~

.~

~

°Q

~

..Q)

~

~

:.~

~;e

~

~

~

~

~

'2

~

~

s

a

~

:-

.~

1

~

a

~

~

;

~

~

~

~

;

~

~

E

Of

'E

:~

~

~

~

.D

Q)

~

...0

..!

~

..=

's

~,Q...

~

Q)

~

0"'$

~

0

~

.,s~

~Q)'"

..!~~

.~-=

"~~a.~':..9;:"'ZJ~~~a.,

~

=

B

~.s

~

f

~

:

"'Q

Q)

:

.;

~

a

~

:=

~

œ

~

oS

Q)

~

Q)

~

=

~

> -~ .-> ~ ~ .-'à., ~ -= = ...~ ., ~ ~ Q) .. ~ ~:E ~ A ~ = ~ A ~ .~ ~ ~ A 1 ~ 0- ~ ~ ~ o~ ~ :.- 8 ~.g ~ ~

o.,.s

Q)to~

=~0"5

Q)~"'5"'ôo

~

~:=-=~E"

bO.=po

~.,...

~.D"~""

,Qœ

~

~

"~Q)Q),,~

(3)

r-~

~

co

~

..,

>0

~

00

~

~

::3

~

E-.

~

E-.

~

~

~

~

~

5

0

z

~

~

~

>-

~

~

0

~

~

~

~

Z

e..

A

P

0

0

~

~

~

0

~

~

;j

0

~

0

z

'='

p

~

~

'"

-=

'"

-=

-=

'"

'"

j

,

~

8

~

~

.,'

~

~

~

,~o

~.,~ ~ f: ~ ~ '~ "0 > ~ -z!ri ~ " ,§ Q ~

~

~

';

~

, ,Q !ri ~8 ~~ ~ ~ -., ,,~ A

-.,

Q

~ '1: ~ c ~! '" ~ -~ ., ,- ...0 ~ .,.,... ...'~ '" ~ .~ ~ Q 0 ~ ,~ ~ ...0 Z ~

~

'

--'2

,,~

...'"

'"

-~

0.0

"

."~~,,

~Q-<

..,,'"

...C

'"

'

~

S

".0

Q'~

'"

~ ,~~~- c,,;!ri ~ ~ CS ',::" "œ C ~ "~..,,, ,,;:= tj

0

.~

~

~

--'"

~ ~CS :s ,,;, ;j O~ ~.,~.: ~~ ~

~

.,

"

*

;"1

~~~,~~S,,~~

~

~ Eoo ,,'" ..,.- -A""O~:O;p.~"",

~~..-

c

œ~

,,-<~,~~

"

"Z,,

~

œ ~~ ~~ CS ."" ~ '; ~ ~ 'C ., ., '" .0 ,,'; ~ ...A ~ ,0 ., ., " ~ .: ~ -..~ " " " .:

.0

P

..~

'CS

~

"

,,"

Eoo

~

~

.,

1

~'$~~S

~~"

~.~

~",~,~"

0

'Q ~~ ,-q>~~-"'!ri~ ~ 1 ~~, ~U" ,,!l'!ri ~ ~ ,~.",... 00.. O~ ~ ,~~ÇJCS"-' ~~~

...

0

-1

.'.

P

Z>

1

...~...

0

-~O

,---

So

~

~ ::: Z ~ ~ 0 ~ 0 00

<C

...

t- 00

ltJ

ltJ

,

.0:.

ltJ

ltJ

'Q)

ltJ

.0:.

p

~'

Q)

Jo.

-Q)

0

.~~.

N~.

,

a) ~ ca ~ Jo. Q) ~ ~ a) Q) -:;, ~ ~ = .~ ~ ~ ~ ca -Q) ~ ~ -Jo.-~~~ -.0:. 1tJ0'0 0

8

--Jo..~~p...~

~

Po

~

~

~

-~

Q)

'S

~

'S

~

~

Po

0

-Q)

8

~

.s

'S

~

0

S

~~~bI).o:.~

=:~:=~O'.eca

~Q)Q).~=0

P,Q)

~

~

Q)

~

S

'a)

~

~

1tJ.r"

ltJ

~:

~

5-

~

g

~

e

~

~

~

~

";

Jo.ItJ~

oPo

Jo.=:Q)~~~Jo.=

~1tJ~~-a)~OOO~1tJ

...ltJ Jo. -Q) 0 Jo. -ltJ .0:. Co) P, .0:.

oQ)Q)Q)Poas

8 0 Q)ca..o ~oJo.=::=O" ~Q) ~ == bI) -.S ~ rz 0 Po Q) -~ ca 1> -= ~ .0:. ca ~

~

a)

ca

ltJ

Q)

8

=:

.-=:

Q)

Po

~

~

-ca

Q)

~

a)

a)

~

=:

Jo.

ca

=:.g

S.S

e.

g

=.~

a

s

~

;s

Jo.

~

~

~

0'

~

..=

ltJ

SQ).S ~ :=' 0 -Q) .-~ '"' .0:. 0' .~ '"' c~ = = Q) ca 0' 0 ~ 0' ~ a) ~~ ~ s ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Q) ltJ .J:. ~ 0 -.0:. ~ ~ e.- ~ Po -ca Q) § "0 Q) ' = ~ 0:0 Q) =: '"' Q) Q) ~ .~:=' 0

0'

ltJ

~

.-S

-a)

ca

~

0

Q)

~

Q)

-1tJ

:='

S

~

oS

e

~

~

.~

~

~

~

~

~-

~

~

~

~

Ca),.Q

e.~.

ltJ

rz

.=

ca

d

0

'a)

0

0

.."

-Jo.

'"'

...~

0:"""

.0:.

'"',.Q

Q)

Q)

..-Q)

~

Q)

.0:.

~

~

~

-~

ltJ

~

~

§'

s

~

~

~

-~

~

~

~

Q)

~.a

0'.1>

~

~

.s

Q)

""'

-~

0

~

's

Q)

~

~

-~

~

~

~

s

'a

ltJ

~

0

ca

~

E

1tJ.s

a)

a)

Jo.

ltJ

.--1>

~

f'"

Q

.0:.

ltJ

-,Q)

-CD

Jo.

~

~

~

~

~

~

~

~

~

~

~

.s

~

~

~

:Ii.~

~

6

i

~

~

;g

~

.0:.

.-~

0'

ca

-.Q)

.0:.

;Z..

0

a"O

ltJ

.0:.

p,

d."

a)

Q)

~

p,

-0)

~.s

ltJ

tIiJ

§

~

~

Q)

~

~

.0:.-

0

Q)

=

6:;:

~

~

=.s.

~

Jo.

.o:.~oQ)

...1tJ1tJ

~1tJ~

Q)~~~

a)

ltJ

0'0""

:=,Q).- Jo ..0:. Q)

e

-ca:=,o...

~

0-

-0

1tJ

a)

ltJ

ltJ

0

0'

0

Q)

Jo.""

~

~

ltJ

.iD

-=

~

~

--~

a)

~

=

Q)

ltJ

.0

=

Q)

-Q)

S

~

~

.~.s

~

~

a)

~

-e

.~

.0:.

~

"'=

6

~

.~

,,;

~

-e

ltJ

""a3

~

~

~ -'a) ~ -Q) '-= Q) Q) ~ Q) ~... ~ 'r" ltJ ca Q) 0 = h-o 8 œ Po S,.Q ~ ltJ .0:. a) Jo. ...~. ~ Q) Po ~ Q) ..

~

g

§':=

~

f;

:a

~

~

~

S

.!

~

"

~.s

§

.g,~

S

Q)

ca

~

~

~

6

'a):!;'a)",=

-Q)rz~s~Jo.,~ItJO'~

~~~~~~~

~

=

"'=

:&>

S

Q)

~

~

o~

~:.-

g

Q)

~

~

Jo.

~

~'p,

Po

~

~

.~

~

~

~

,...:a

d

ltJ

.0:.

~

-ca

~

~

ca

:='

~

ca

a)

-,.Q

~ ~ ~ Q) ~ Q) 0' ltJ ~ ca ~ Q) ,... d = --'";, :;: ...1tJ 0- --~.o:..o:.~~ '"' _Jo.' ca ~ ,,; ~ 0 Jo. ~ S 0) ~ .~ ~ ~.s :=' ~ ~ 0 ~.o:."";".";' Q) "";"

00

~

~

Q)

=

.~

8

0

Po

~

=:

.0:.

.:

g

~

~

~

~

~

"";"!5

ca

1 ~~-~1tJ Q)o=~ -tliJgQ) 1tJ-.- ~~ ca.o:.a).o:.~ ,.Q S '"' a) Po 0 ~ .0:. '"; ~ a) ~ Jo. Q) :=' ~ 0 =';z = =

'~

o

8

~

~o

"'=

:.;

~

~

"g

.g

~

~

5-"<

~

~

~

~

~

>

~

ë

~

~

0 '- ~.. .-0 .0:. -0 -.~ 0 ..'- ~ 0 1"-" '""" Poo=Po.o:.Po 1tJ0-a)tIiJ-a)I>.. ~.o:.O~1tJ O""~'J -+" ~ .-4) ~ 10 d ,~-+",. -a) ~ ' d ~ a) 10 4) .a) ., ~ -.S a) .E :ë = -0 .~ = ..!.. .0 ..~::" 'd .~ "S 0 = = --= ~ 'd ~ = 10 2-0 ~a)1O Oa)~ ~4)~...oS=g. ~A~cd=4)a)~ 'f'~ ~ ~ ..0 ~ >- 'd ° f ~ -+" 'd ,- 0' ...~ SI; ~ ~ -< 'd ~ -+" ~ 0 œ -+" 0=

..10

a)

bI>

~

'G)

=

",;

0

~

4)

..0

,-~

2-

~

~

~

§

"'ô

e

10

~

~

O'~

~

.~

-:

t

~

~

~

~

.~

~

~

~

~

~

~

.S

d

";"

=

=

~

~.E

0=

,~~

~

=

'd

-2-

d

~

~

~

~

-+"

~

~

-+"

."'

-+"

0'

=

4)

~

a)

.~

10.

-+"

-=

10

-e

-a)

0

b-

=

=

G)

Z

O~

~

~

~

0

~

e.

~

~

§

S

~

~

::c

d

~;:::

15

~

a

f

~

~

~

~

bI>'d

4) = "'-+"-+"._"'~.- a) +" -+""' a)-+" ~" >-'a)~. 0~4) ~=d-+".~"'i3=~a-+"-+"oo <-~='a)8 ~o 5. ~": ~ ~ 'd ~ a) a) ~ ~ 10 .~ = a) ~ <~ 0 ~ ~ ~ 4):"" .:5 = ...~

a)

=:=

~

=

-.dao",

~

0

=

a

~

a)

..a-

0

=

"'-.:;

~

.::,

.~

i.J

~

~

[g

~

~

~

~

~

~

§

~

g

~

~

~

~

'f

,=

l'Ë

c:

f

~ a) ~ 'd 0 ~ 10 = 'f ~ 'f ~ œ., = .~ .~ 4) o = ~ '8. 4) 10 g ~ = = 'a) .-~ a) ~ +" ~.. i"' ~ ~ 0 ~.." -0

:-;;=

~~s

~~~~

~~~.:~~~~~f

1

8

.~~~~~~

-t~

-+"

"""

-"..

s

G)

0

a)

=

bI>

a)

..4)

~

'4)

4)

4)

-4)

~

..9

~

~

~

'8.

~

s

~

~

~

~

§

s.""

..~

e.~.oS.s

~

;i

'do

~

:2.

'd

,

S

a

'd

f

0;

f

a

~

0

~

~

~

4)

0

=

f

4)

=

~

=

~

E.

œ

~

~

...E

~

'f

a

=

OOA

=

~

-=~-+"~--+""~-+"

"'d8.

=

-+"=o~o

~~.

~

'i

0

E.

~

'2.

§

~"P.

~

5

~

4)

~

;.~

>,

~

-<

0

~

~

~.~

s

~

"Z

o.

0'-+,,4)~~

=-:=0

cd

a)a)-+""'d

4)0'd'd-+"

4)~4)I1:-~-'4)Od~

d -+".-'" 4) ~ 10 = ::c -d -= ;e -+" -0 a) <0 = -0 ~ -+" ~ 0 0 a) ~, = c... -+" ~ ~ 'd ~.. d +" 11::= 4) ~ ..-= ~ -+" ~;~ ~ ~ ~ ~ .~ ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ $ .oS] 5 ~ ~ '"10- ~ = .~ ~ ~ ~"Z.g ~ i i 5 ~~o bI>= -+"'d- "0"'- o-~~..,;"'~' a)O "d =~=IO ~=1I:8 ~=oo 'd~,4)~a)-"""-+,,§5~~~"'~~ d '" ., ~ ~ 2- = ~ = ~ ~ ~..; œ.;'. , ~ ~ .= 0 0 'd d -; ~ 4) .~ § a) ~ f ~,~ ~ g f e 1 ~ ~ ~ = S 'd ~ 8."'i3 d.~ 10 'E ~ ~ .~- -~ d -~ ~ -+" -..~.- -+" '" ~ 0 ..d 10 a) --~.o= = QI)"" 0.--G) ~ .:5 -a) c4) -+" ~ cd ~ ~'o ,cd ~ 'E ~ ~ 0 ~ .:5 .= 0 ~ d a) .~ .~ ~ -4S" ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ f -: ~ ~ ~ -+" 8.,g :s. ~ ~ .~ ~ ~ 'f ~ ~ .~ ~ !;; 0 ~ ~ ~

:;;:

~

=

=

2-

a

=

~

'd

-a)

Z

o

a)

~

1'=

.~

f

,

,<"'ô

~

~

-;;;

:

'd

~

d

f

~

0

-+"

;e

0'

-a)

a)

-+"

d

.d

--'d

~

a)

-+"

=

a)

-+"

>-

0

~

0

0

~

'd

-G)

~

~

~

~

':;

~

~

[~~

1.

~

;-

~]::

;

.~

1

~

j

g

~

,~

J

]

~

~

;

~

~

~

~

'a)

>

~

0'

0

5

~

N

a

.~

a)

-+"

0

=

&,

~

~

::=

~

-+"

~

.~

~

'2.

00

'd

~

-+"

=..

=

..-G)

a)

a)

=

d

Z

0

~

~

0

0

=

~

~.

.-'d

'4)

~

O'.~

~

~

'd

>-

~

0'

4)

0

.'d

0'

'd

=

00

0

10

~

.'d

~

~

~

',0:

8.~.

o-co

'"So""

":0". ~~'" ~o~ .

e

-e~18

e~.~

e

.~""CO~'"

0> o~. 0 ..d -'"' ~ f .3 .S.g ~ '"' -.~ '".- ~ . œ-~ ...~=

0:

'.

0:

0:

~

œ

-~

~..

.g ~.. e co 0

.~

...f

~,!;

0:

~e~..,""", . .~;=E';,",o:,,;

.~

~..

o.~

~

..!...~~

~

œ

d

'"'~.

.

e"~"-"8~

~~'C

..gdO

0:~~1Q~~,"

~

~.~o

o:.g

'C"-;~d.O

~

~..

.~.

0

~

"

o:~~

~

..~

~

'.

Q

~

:a

6œe~j~~

œ

.~..

~.g

0

~

~"iOI~

00

.

0: .~ .~ .~ ~ ~ ~.. ~..

e

-."".~-~J~~1ii~

~"~._~~co

..

.~

co

'"

~

=

~

~

~~O'~

~

-~

œ

'"

~-op

.,~o:-..

~""

-~

~

.~

..

~~O.~""'"~ 0~"0"'0~

.~

~

~..

.0:

.,

~Oœ.g~

..

-., -~ œ . "" œ ~ ~ ., ~

~""'CO-o

-..00

~

!

..10

~

}

.3.n;a;o

~

'"&œ~

.0'

.~

"

a ., d ~ .a .g, ~ ~o o~ 0.0 ~.. ~"'~;..

~~

~'-

~

~

~1i1..

:;J~

-..~~

(4)

00 ,.j'

~

...

z

~

0

0-Z

~

~

~

~

~

;

0-~

0-~ ~

s

0

~

ID ~ >

~

~

~

~

ro1

g

Z

~

0

ro1

~

-ro1 ro1 0

~

ro1

~

~

0

0

D

~

...

Z

ro1

~

ro1

~

~

0

~

ro1

po

-fZJ:

~

ro1

~

Q)

~

'

Q)

Q)

a)

.e

'

,

"a).e

'

,

.e

d)

'Q

d)

~

..'"

""

'Q

d)

~

~

~

--.~

.'"

0

""

-.~

'-=

"'...

=

a)

~

~

a)

0

0

'"

=

..~

'"

.~

"'-",Q"

"'.:=

-0

.-d) ""Q)OQ)""OO""-a)~"".dOd)a)

S

'"',Q

S ~"'O'"'~~"""~~'QO~~~OO'~ -0 "'---"""""'-'Q ~-~Q)Q)..."" " d...,.e"'d)"'-OO -""O~.,~..=~",-~ '-0'" '-Q)a)=-= 0 0 aJ'd) 0 a) ~ 0 0 ~ d) C';S d) 0 ~... ~.e O 'Q .e",,~'d)'d)"" 'Q""",o ...'" 0 .--0 ~ ~ a)'- ~ =.- ~ 'Q) ~ Q) d) g. ~ 6- a) ~ .g ~ 2? ." 'Q 'â "P. ~ ~ ~ ~ 6- '"E 0 ~ ~ '" ~ ~ '" ~.- 'Q) -0 "" -~" a) ~ ~ = ~ C' = .e E ~ .9 ~ ~ d)"'~ 0 d) ~ ~ = ,~,.e 0 ~ 0 .eO~.e= d)'Q"'io.~-""Oo"""", d)'.e~=", d)=b«)~~ =a)'Q)~==~==a) S "'2? ~ d) .~ b«).- '" a) .e ~ "" '-0 d) ~;.- d) ~ d) ~ ~ ~ ~ .-~ ~ = = aJ = d) -"" C' = ~ ~ ~ ,d) "= Q) ~ .e ~ 0 ~ ~ ~ 2? .e ~ d ~ Q) ~ 'S ~ ~ ~ = ~ ~ '~ ~ -.-= ." -~ ~ ~ d) C' 'Q '" 0 " """'--d)0 ""~~""".e~ '" 'Q "'~ ~o-'Q""",';lQ2?.ed) ~~""~"" ~ .e ~ "'" = 0 = '" ~ a) ~ ~ =,~ ~ ~ ~ d) a) 0

'd)

'"

'-=

o.e

~

Q)

a)

.e

b«)

'"

a)

~

.-a)

~~~d)

"-a)OOMd~~""'~~.""O"""""'~

.-=

'Q

'Q

""

~

~

=

~

a)

'Q

C'

.e

Q)

O:,Q

a)

~

~

~ ~ a) ~ ~ ~ a) = ~ ~ S ~ 'S ~ ~ ~ ,g .e ~:f; ~ ~ .e ~",~a)~~.~ a)""02? 'Q~'2?~o'" ~"" 'a)'d)S~ S .e~=="'~...~"a) '" a)s '" 'Q ~ a) W = 'Q '" "" ..d) ~.:= "" ~

~

~

","

go

i

~

~

S

§

Q)

~

""

j

~

j

'Q

~"~

~

§

~

s

~

~

.-~

.e.-

0

0

~

~

a)

'd)

'Q

.e

a)

0

0

e4d)~

0a)C'

0

~"'~C'~

=0

..=

",'-

-Q)

'a)

._,Q

-..a)

~

S

.e

~

a)

~

2?

~

~.~

-""

~

S ~ d) 0 ~ .-a) a)'d)"';"'..;"' a)~""._~'"""

,-S

",'Q.c-.e"'d)0

"""'",...oo."'~.e=

""

~ ...~ 'd) 0 ".e "" "" ..~"":: <a) "" '<D "~ ~.. "" "'Q)0d) a)

-S

d)"",.e..

~

0

,.e

d)

~

~

Q)

0

=

'Q

.s

~

~

d)

0

~

s

,'" -a) ""~ ""d) Q)=d)~'a)""'" 'Q a)", ""~s .e ~ .-"" a) -;;;; 0 0 .e -.e .:= a) ~ ~ 'Q a) î::~~e§"" ",C'~'2?o.E,.ea)-~~~'Q::S~

=,

.!

~

0

f

2?

;

~;Q

~

~

~

~

~

,.e

a)

~

"::::

.e

"'ô

~

0

~.c

~

~

.c.

0

a)

.-~

'd)

~

e-

~

~

""

~

0

-a)

""

S

-::;...

-""

a)

-=

~

"".e

a)

.;

...;;:

~

,.

~

§

.g

~.~

~.~

~

.;

S

~

2?

:

,g.

~

,:

~

'Q,

~

~.S

'"

-'"

~

0

~

.d)

""

*

<.::...

""""

'Q

~

Q)

~

.0:

0

~

~

~

~~

'Q

f

~

a).~.2

~

a)"j

'a)

g;

2?"!;5-f

~5

~

'" .e ~ '<D ~.a ~ '-'" =. =..a 'a) .~ =. .e "" Q) .~ 9 d) .e 'a) .a ~_"O =- "0 """'" '" '" -O'a)-"".. 0 '" "'...

llJ

~

~

...

'""' '""' ~ 0 ~ 0 ~ 0 '""' ~ ~ Eoo

0

<

~

Z

S

~

=

Z

~

0

~

llJ

~

~

<

Eoo

~

~

~

0

~

~

0

~

<

llJ

~

~

~

~

~

~

~

~

0

~

Eoo

Z

~

~

~

0-

Z

0

~

0

1lJ-<'""'

~ ~ ~ ~ < 1

po

~

~ ~ .~ 0 ~ ~ ~p..~

~

<

-~

'""'

~

~

E-;~~

~

m.."",.:.-=-,"""".~'

a)-:.a)a)

'a)

'=

,=,

a)

.Oa).

~ = m a) ~ (a) ~ 8. 0 ..m = ~... ~ 0 0 -= = m = -~ a) ~ a) e ": 'i-' 1> 0;. ., = ~ ~ = ~ p "'...": = ~ 0 (X) ..S p. a) -a) 'a) a) e 'i-' ~ ::; -= ~ -.:0 .~ = S ~ ~ = .." 0 ~ '"C ~ ~ a) "" .." = a) ~ ~ 0 ~ = p. = ma)... -0> ~S~"'O'e~a)O>-""""'="" ",= -.:0"'= .""Qi'"C""~'~ ~ ~ .~ S a) "'0 ..,. = -~ ~ = -g go .,~ ~ p...:. ~;= :0= a) .." a) '"C Q) ~ '" ~ a) OS -= m ...0> 0 "" ""Q S .~ m..".." -0 S A. ..~ .~ ~ e = p. = ~ "; = '0> ": '"

p.

,

'"

=

=

'"C

.."

a)

.,

-d

0

,.,

=

m

'--

,.,

.."

.."..-'"

a)""-~~1.;;

.."...

~"'Om...

,"",_m

=

~

a)'~'~

S

~

=

~

5-"'O.~

...'~

Q)

O.'"

f

=

0'

a).9

.~

'"

.,

-m

~

"'ô

~

~

O.~

"';a

=

~.g

-0>

.."

1>

=

-a)

.."

~

'"C

p.

~

S

m

~.,

O>.~

,PO

=

Q)

'Q)

o."'ô

~

":::::

a)

m,Q

.5

G)

~

~

p.

~

-;;;

'a)

S

0'

=

.~

-~

'"C

~

e

~

~

=

'a)

=

.."

.~

~

~

A

;,a)

m

'"C

&.

~

s

=

~

0>

~

.~

""'"

.~

~

~

-s.

~

.~

'"

~;:'

~

g.;

a)

p.

Q)

~

~

0

a)

,~

~

a)

~

~

~

~

~

~.

S

-~

p.

H

-~

~

.~

-e

5-

~

5

g

~

'"C

'i

~

ô

~

~

~

~

..'"Cwa)

0

.,"",=..'Q)Q)~

p.""

=...

I>G)

S

~

.""

-.:0

g

0

~

~

~

.bI)

~

p.

0

=

§

~

~

.0

§

g

.."

=

G)

'a)

.~.s

~,~

~

'"C

~

"Q)

.~

~

,!

,~m

§

~

.~

i

~

]

~

;..-

.s"

~

~

j

'"C

:S

~.::

~

-~

~

-~

=

~

...;=

m

a)

~

"Q)

=

=

~

~

=

~

;a"Q)

.Q)

='

~

:09

~~

a)~~=o§op...,,~a)Q)m~-:.:E=

:z",=~~-",.~~g:s~

-=

Q)

-=

00

a)

Q)

'"

=

~

S

0

Q)""

dO...

p.

=

.."

...=

,Q

~

~

'S

Q)

0

~

~

-S

~

.~

G)

;=

.."

~

5

0

aS

~

Sa).."

~

,~

a)

=

~

~

:-;:

~

0

~

a)

~

~

~

.~

~

Q)

=

~

:.g

~

~

0

~

s.

"'m:""

~

~

'"

~

s.

~

,'Qi

--;2

i

'"C

~

";

~

S

.s

~

~

~

g

~

p.

~

g

~

0

~

~

~

':

§

5-.~

e

-=

~

~

0

-~

=

m

~

.."

-=

0

~

a)

a)...

G)

0

'"

'<11

G)

'a)-

~

e

=

S

1

~

~

.~

.?j;

~

~

§

"'=

~

.",

p.,~

.."

'S

~,~

'"C

§

~

-.:0

~

--E

~

~

~

g

&.:::

G)

,..;" ~..s S m ~ S '" = ~ S .~ ~ lE ~ ~ ~ '"C.~ ~ ~ ,~ .g:E ...p. ~ Q) : 0"-- ='a)""Q)o...m 0 Q)~a)'"C Q)W- = .W'G)bI) 0 -~ :$ '"C ~'ô ~ ~ Q) '" ;!:. 'g": ~ t+= -: a) t+= .~

o

A

...~

=

Q)

~

m'G)~"""""C"""."'~'"

"

G)

o>

.~

~

.~

~

e

~

-"'0

0

~

"':

~

=

2;

,m

~.e.

0

~

'"C

~

~

'"C

~

=

~

~

g

-'"

G)

p.:~

~:""

.."

~

=

,~

A

...'~:,

e

m...

~.."

=

0

.a).~

p.

'"

a)

E-;

'"C

(~

e

S

-=

5-

~

~

.9 0

~

~

~.~

0

...

Q)-

@

~

H

a)

§

.;

e

~

~

~

.."

'"C

m Q) -O'~ ,Q ~ .."",- ,"" = "'--~ ~ 1 § S ~ s..~ ~ ~ m 1> -:.'~'~ = p. ~ .." ~ 1 ~ § ~ .." G) ~ ": ~ § ~ "-ZJ '! ~ .!.g -~ g ~.; ~ j ~ ~ ~ ~ f ~ 'o:!i] ~ .~ ~ 5- ~ ~ ~ ~ '" G) ~ '" , a) "" 1> ..0: ~... = --,.,"" -a) -, 0 m--'""' ",-.'""' ~ .."... .." mm.m",o

=

.

a

'

~

~"

~

Q'~

0-'"

-po

0

""=0

~

f~~~

S,~2~

:=...

--0

"

~

""

.-~.-

"p.~."

.."

po-,.,,~

""p.œ

":ca 's. ~ ...".. ~ d 0 ." = w '"

"'Eo.:"

~~.=..

" '" .-d ",'... " O~""" " "-,, "" oœo" ",,- .~ "'... œ d".: '-""""

~

,,~"'~

t.Qi",œ

...~

'"

_œp.

"a~~=

".-

œ.."œ

œ~

"030

œ

=

p.'"

=

"~"',,,œ

~œ 0,3.,0 "'O~ ,~ ~" .-,",...'- œ " ,aJ-o'~ p.~ ~.;'f~~ p."A,œœ S " ,,"~ -0".,0" œ ._,,_œ~ "O~p."'o.- ~O',,"..

"p.'.:5."-"

~:!:=

"""'-"~"œ

::=

0

.a~

,,- O'-., œ '~'" .-œ =- ,,"= 0

...~..,

-,,~

,,"'=,,"

=...p." p.g=...e ~"p..,,!:~= =" "'~ W~~ œ'- '-po "~Ô~~p ~œfœ"

".:"0-

~~

".Q"o

~ao",;.

a

"",c.~~

P.

""'0=

"E~o

~,,~q,,~

'~~,,~g

~",~""

...,-

,."=,,,

~ po 'Q œ .-" ~-" œ œ '" " ~ 0 ~ -e.e ..~.~ -= ~ f ~~a.2~ ,,-.; ~ ~ .~,~ ~ ...,~ .~~ '" ,,~ ..

0"=

~~'GJ",-=",

=

---"',-"-,,œ._

o

œ"

...~

~-œ

=

s

=",,~.Q~,,~~~oo

~

",œo~~o...~

o

'_"

-".- -~œ-œ"'-="...poœ ":=~~~ = œ_,_~ "2'~'-,-"", p. -0 ~.- 0 0.:

~~-.,

"'~-?o;aœ

,,= ."po-"'";"- 0= po- ""=-o""",,~

s

o .-~ " ~ -~. ,-,""... '" ~... ~ ... ,,- '" -~ ~ "" ." f.É C:J; '0 p.; ,- a'o ~ 0 ~ ~ '-ec..~ """'PO~""-A.,...; P. -: 0= .~ e P. ~ ,,-" " '~o- -."œ -..,.- ."---~p."

~",œ1O~=p.po-=_..

s

-"

~

,,--=

,,~-=

..."

.~="o

.2~0'

a

-0'

,,~

"

,

œ

.."

"

0

"

=

...

,~

"

~

"

6

0'

"

œ

~=

0 ~

,,~

0

"

~"

~O'

~

"

"

"

"

~

~

...

~~

"-1! " '" "

"-~

~

.1:

...~

="'5 .0 =

~"

"

"

"

>-"

"

,,~

œ

...

= = " .~ .~ 0

~~

~"

.

,,-

...

~"

...

,,~ 0 0" ~ >- 0 ~

~

-,,~ " " .. ".", ~

..."

~

"0'

.~

"

.

-.,'S.~

"

0;.-

0

~..>

>0

=

-ZO~

,..~...(X)

-~..;

-...

Références

Documents relatifs

( ةليضف يواوز ةسارد 2008 - 2009 ةركذم ) رييستلا مولع يف ريتسجاملا ةداهش لينل ةمدقم ةيلام عرف &#34;رئازجلا يف ةديدجلا تامزيناكيملا

Malaysia, Kuwait, Pakistan.. ب ‌ ـىأ فم ربتعي مذلا ،ؼقكلا عم ايتلبماعت يف ةيقار ةراضحب رخزي خيراتب ةيملبسلإا ةملأا تزيمت

:ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا ﺔيﺠﻬﻨﻣ ﺪمتعا ﻩﺬﻫ ﰲ ىﻠع ﺞﻬﻨﳌا ﻲفﺻﻮﻟا ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤتﻟا ﰲ ضﺮع ﻢﻴﻫﺎفﳌا ﺮطﻷاو ﺔﻴفﺴﻠفﻟا .ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا تاﲑﻐتﳌ ﺔﻄﺧ :ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا ﻄﻄخ ﺪقﻟ ﺖ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ :ﻲﻠﻳ ﺎمك ﺖمﻈﻧ روﺎﳏ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﰲ

رئازجلا لارنج يتيسوسو يرئازجلا ينطولا كنبلا نم لك ةلاح ةسارد:يناثلا لصفلا يناثلا ثحبملا ةشقانم و جئاتنلا ليلحت: تايضرفلا اهقيبطت يلي اميف لوانتنس

nechrifinet,… * ﻦﻣ ﻒﻨﺼﻟا اﺬﻫ ﱃإ هﺟﻮﺘﻟا ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﲨ وأ ﺔﻳدﺮﻓ تﻻوﺎﳏ ﻦﻋ ةرﺎﺒﻋ ﺖنﺎﻛ ةﲑﺧﻷا ﻩﺬﻫ .ﺎﻫﲑﻏو ، ﺎﺠﺘﻠﻟ تاﻮﻨﻗ وأ ﻊﻗاﻮﻤﻛ ﺎﻬفﻴﻨﺼﺗ ﻦﻜﳝ ﻻ هنأ ﻻإ ،قاﻮﺳﻷا ضﺮﻋ ﺔﻴنﺎﻜﻣإ

vertebra elements were collected, including: two complete dorsal vertebrae (DFMMh/FV 712.1 and DFMMh/FV 652.4), a fragmentary neural arch (DFMMh/FV 890.1), a complete neural

Differing from all other Plesiochelys species in the following combination of features: relatively large carapace (up to 550 mm in length); shell bones relatively thick; carapace oval

Cette méthode est un outil très important pour le soignant, car elle fait partie des réflexions du soignant afin de l’aider à être au clair dans la prise en soin