Peace Corps

Peace Corps

Intermediate Dari

DOCUMENT RESUME

,

ED. 131 692 FL 008 146"

AUTHOR Enteser, M. Ehsen

TITLE intermediate Dan for Peace Corps Volunteers.

Afghanistan.'

INSTITUTION' Peace Corps, Washington D.C.

PUE DATE _{May 66}

'NOTE _188p.

EDRS PRICE 'MF-$0483 HC-$10;03 Plus Postage.

DESCRIPTORS. Adult Education Programs; Adult Programs; Adult Students; Educational Programs;. *Instructional

materiAls;'*Language instruction; Language Programs;

*Languages for Special Purposes; Pattern Drills- (language); *second Language Learning; *Textbooks- Uncommonly Taught LanguageS; Volunteers

IDENTIFIERS Afghanistan; *Hari; *Peace Corps ABSTRACT

I Thi.D more advanced Dari text was designed for_Peace Corps Volunteers in Afghanistan who desired to speak the langdage_on higher levels, but it could also be used dmring the lastpart of the training programs in the United.States. It followsthe author's

. elementary text, "Farsi Reference Manual Basic Course,"which has been-used in all the Afghan Peace Corps training.programs. This text is divided into eight units which contain'presentation,

reinforcement..recapitnlation, and conversation drills. Dariscript materials are included, (CFM)

*** ********** ************* ********** ******************* *

Documents acquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes everydeffort

* to obtain%the best copy available. Neverthelesse itcms of marginal

* reproducibility are often'encountered and this affefAs the quality

* of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available via the ERIC Document Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is_not

responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original.

********************************** ********************************

ci

INTERMEDWE DART

for

P

CE CORSVOLUNTES

AFGHANTSTAN

2reliminary Copy M. Ehsen Enteser

University of,Tex 1966

PBEFACE

In 1963 when the al thor, for the firat time, took charge of the language training of Afghan III, no

adequate, linguistically sound Dori materials were available for the AfghanPeace Corpa" trainees.- The author was encouraged to revise the Dari materials which he had developed and they were triad out on Afghan III. As u result, his Feral Referenee Man4210 Pasic Ceurse, waa completed in 1944. Since then it has been used 1-1-training programs al 1- the Afghan Peace Corps

Due to the quality of instrUetion; and a

willingness on the ,part of the PCV'Ll in Afghan stet to speak the language on higher levels, the need for a more advanced Dari tdxt wee strongly felt by almost every PCV inAfghanistan._ _Plera was still

anOtherLimportant reason for the' prekorationef such a teat.. Most of the Afghans who were tutering the PCVs- knew very little-about language teaehing lamguage learning.and the grammatical structure Dat:1 and Engliahi. Hence, most of these private lessons were a waste of time, enerfy arid money.

,They needed a text to guide them in their prive e_lessons.

The

PCVs as well 03 some Peace CorPs staff in Kabul eriCouraged theDari (Afghan Persian).the prepaation ofan Advanced-Dori text inauthor to write IntermediateOriginally, the aithor_{mind._}had Due to his engagements in other Afghanistan_'Peace Corps training programs, however, he was unable to write such a book. He had finished only _eight units when he was asked to coordinate AfghanVIII and IX at the' University of Texaa. Sip the author had no other choice; 11,.: had to add one more chapter

and call it Intermediate Dari instead of Advanced Dar' and to máki itg 1anietcn. available for the .PCVsin

Intermediate Dari has enough grammatical patterns, idiomatic phrases and-vocabulary to

enable-the learner to reachthe FSI S2+ rating.

Although thiS text is for.the PCVs in Afghanistan, it could very well be used during the ,last part of the training prograMs in the United States. The aUthor used part of this text for'Afghan-VIII-since the Farsi_Roference_Manuel was covered during the first ten weeks of the- . training.

The .. author cannot be responsible for the =Dori Script materials of Intermediate Dari: stnce they ate merely tronslations of--the sPoken-materials.andby all Moans not controlled. He was asked by the Peace Corps Director to include the script in this-book.

The script materials of Interthediatepari, however, sheuld be- uSefill'for.interthediatestudents of Dori .scriptl not for the beginners.

This text, like FtroiReference Manual Basic Course (1964),was produced under a contract with

. the Peace Corps in the short period of four months and must be consideredwithin that light. Once again it is only a first draft, and will be reyispd^. in the near future when the author has more time.

The author acknowledges the .helpful suggestions and translations of A. Q. Ghazanfor, Kabul University;

Dr. A. Jawed, Faculty of Letters; and a number of Peace Corps Volunteers. He is grateful to Elaine Bond, Mary Lou Gouttierre and Charlene Reeves _for

typing the various units of this te.A; to Joe Rollinson for ceordinating-the printing; and to Jon Wicklund for hiS patience in getting all parts of the book _and/.

giving them to the volunteer secretaries for typing.;

Ehs n Entez May, 1966

1===x

4431in, Texas _U.S.A.

me: -anenf. ale me;tanom (ke) emro:z m .tanom (ke) saeba

me:tanes om (ke) diro:z me:tane (Ice) pareal

tomarae bebe o ketabae bexaerom..

Advanced Parsi I can e you n

can buy the boek today.

taetae raewan konom.I qan send the letter tomorrow.

sornaraeI bebenom. I could have seen you yesterday.

I could (have

bought) the book.

last year.

ketabae bexaerem.

me:tanes (ke)ipaere:ro;zxaetae J raewan konom I eould,(have sent) the letter day before esterda-- mment

1) Use me:tanom wi h ale, saeba, emr6:z, etc.

2) Use me.tanestom w th diro:z, parsal, paere:r o.z, _{_eto}

3) No matter what the tenseverb with the Parei word meaning cam-is, ute the ba!_eform optati e of the

PRESENTATION,DRILLS Drill A.

me:tanom ke ale bUtaye xodae raeng konom.

me:tanom ke ale aemray- soma gaeb bezaenem.

.me:tanom ke ale kalaye xodae iaebdil konom.

me:tanom ke ale no:tae polesya_ko me:tanom ke ale sacwda ae bexaerom.

m :tanem ke ale paeyse=xodae Xaerc konom.

:tanom-ke ale me:waerae

boo:yom

me:tnorn ke ale pevrane xodae otu kono me:tanom ke-ale zaerfaraejols betom.

e;tanorn ke ale te:le xak bexaerom.

UNIT I

Drifl B.

me:tanae ke eumb:z daexane olam borae.

me:tanae ke m z pe:se xaeyat borae.-

'me:tanae ke emro:z dae xagybaer nen coxorse, me:tanae ke emro:z dee po:haentun_byayae.

me:tanae ke emro:z dae senf daere,betae.

rne:tanae ke emrotz daexane jan mateletén basae.

me:tanae ke emro:z dae e:mani faerid borae me:tanae ke emro:z seere to:seek nen boxorae.

me:tanae ke emro:z dee maenzele bale man boxorae, me:tame ke em -:z taeraefe park qaedaeMbeze_{_ae.}

e:tane:n_ke ernsai paeysae (pul ) pees aendaz kon _n.

naeme:tane:n ke ernsal eemraye destetannan boxore:n.' naeme:t e:n ke emsal ko am qalin bex.Lere:no

_

neeme:t. e:n ke emsal dae aetraf kar kone:n^.

naeme: ane:ajce emaal aez i maektaeb xodaetabdil kone n.

naeme

tane

-:n'ke emsal dae abtraf deers bete:no naeme:tane:n ke emsa2 dae taeyarae qondoz_bore:n.

naeme:tane:n ke-emsal se deefae aemrika bo_e:n.

naeme:tane:n ke emsal aez aeirika paele ris_boxe5re:n.

naeme:tane:n ke emsal aez daefteere pis ko:rpaeysae qaerz kone:no

UNIT I. Advanced Farsi

Drill D.

naeme:tanom ke naeme.tene;m ke

emro:z sino alr-park borem?

emro.z aez raeyis sayb roxseet beger neeme:tane:m ke emyo

na me:tane:m ke haeme:tanem ke naeme:tane:m kb naeme:t :m.ke naeme:t- e:m ke naeme:tane ke naeme:tenem ke

:tanesta n ke

-w soma ae begere,:m?

enro:z _ajel bae deers gaep beza emro:z aez-sagerda emtehan begurem emo:z eezmuzyaem didaen kone:m?

eMro:z aeznaerizetan didaen kone:m?

einTO:z aez otagetan estefudae kone:ua emro:z kaerimeSanae me:man konem?

o:z raje:bae emtehan maejles kone:m?

diro:z.somarap ma konaen.

me:tanestach ke dirntz janee a ngui x rdaen bobaeraen., me:tanestaea ke

me:tanestaen ke me.tanestaen ke

dirmz.aez.paegman raefteen :Marfa naozaer konaen.

diro:Zaez ozna1cämaek bexayaen.

diro:z aez gailm xperidaen saerf jhaezaer kohean.

ne:tenestaen ke di ma:tanestaen ke diro:z me:tanestaen ke d o:z me:tanestaen ke

me:tarestaen k

z aez xanae ameedaen eaerfè naezaer konaen.

aez xanae palidaen seerfe naezaer konaen.

aez saeb payidaen saerfe naezaer konaen.

diro:z aez emtehan dadaen saerfe naezaer konaen.

diro:z aez maeriz didaen aaerfe naezaer kpnaen.

'T Advanced F-

Drill F.

naeme:tanestom ke aefte gozae-stae somarae maaas betem.

naeme:tanestom.ke aefte gozaehtas somarae pul qaerz be o naeme:tanestom ke aefte gozaestae- somarae-waezifae beton.

_ ,

na e:t estom ke aeft gozaestae somarae kare xanaegi be o

naeme:tanestom ke aefte gozaestae somarae bsysekele xodae aemanaetbeto naeme:tanestom ke aefte gezaeStae%Somarae m#Faemae nesan,betem.

naeme:tanesto \ke aefte gozaeStae do arae r-oksaet batoM.

erne tanestom ke aefte gezae§tae sornarae baxsesi betom.

naeme:tan_ tom ke aefte gozaestae somarae pakaet betom.

na e:tanestom ke aefte gozaeAae soMara me:Mani betoM.

Drill

^G.

ke m :tanae k9 rajei bae tarix aefganestan gaep bezaeae.

ke Me:tanae ke ra bae-sehaete amae gaep-bezaenae.:

ke me:tanae ke raje: bae raxsaeti zemestan gaep bezaenae.

ke -:tanae ke raje: bae dine ealam gaep bezaenae.

ke nie:tanae ke raje 'bate saderate aemrika gaep bezaenae,

ke me:tanae ke raje: bae taeqsim aewqate emtehan gasp bezaenae.

ke me:tanae ke bae abohaeway aefganestan gaep bezaenae.

ke metanae ke raje: bee zogale'aaeng gaep bezaenae.

ke me:tanae ke raje: bae maegale 'agaye fedayi gaep bezaenae.

ke me:tanae ke raj :.bae maesuliyaethaye ostada gaep bezaenae.

IT I Advaxiced F

arill H.

me:tane:n ke ketabara,

me:tane:n ke me:tane:n ke 'me:tabe:nke me:tane:n ke me:tane:n ke me:tane:n ke me:tane:n meltanstn ke

saere me:2 bane:h?

pyalae wo caynaekae dae aelmari bane:n?

maektutee daejays bane:b?

baleetarae saere to:saek b le:n?

de:gee seem ojag bane:n?

xaetae dae pakaet bane:n?

klacaerae saere me:2 bane:n?

Aa!arwazeaewlirde:waz banitn?

kelkine otagae saewanaer waz bane:n?

REINFORCMEMT DMUS Drill-A.

TEACHER

Soma mertane:n ke emro:2 sef_

jan me:tanae ke emiaew sinoma

STUDENT aet bore:n? baele:, me:

borae? _baele: me:tanad.

mae me:tanom ke saeba yaeg daefae somarae bebenom? baele:, me:tane:n.

sagerda me:tanaen ke emso:b emtehan betaen?

raefigetan me:tanae ke ale aemrgye golam farsl gaep bezaenae?

Me: ke aspaezet

me:t- e:M ke faeri

riae yaeg daefae bazar raewan konom?

baele: mettanaen.

baele:

baele: -mertafte:n.

ae molaga ne:m? baele:, m :tane:n.

T I Advanced F

TEACIER mae xodem Jan xodes me:t

-om ke Ale .kalarap otu konom?

nae ke ale otaqae jeru kon _? me:tame ke emrtiz do

senfae deers betae? -ne:2 u x (16' naae:tana

maektdeb borem? ne:, mae xodn naeme:tanom.

me:tanaep ke saeba

taerJomani konaen? ne:, una xode-San.nae:

raefiqetan xodes

ioma xodetan me:

nofkdera xo

iagerda xo

me:manetan xodeé

ma !cod

STUDDIT

soma xodstan naeme:t ne:, u xodeS nasme:tanas.

ane:n ke aero:.s Day pyadae_{_ ,}

me:tanaen ke emro:z moskelate xodae bogo:yaen?

me:tenae ke dagae s ba Xane:ma _ayae?

me:tane:m ke- deba dae qae-dar saefasr k ne:m?

aspaez Xodes me: nao Ice ale saere qotirae

upa xodeian nae

xodii n :tanae,

nema xodema nes -*

waz konae? ne:, u xodes naeme:

.

10

e;11.

a n.

UNIT.

Drill C.

TEACHER

ki-me:tanest ke di- :z pae

ke parse). 1

S TUBER

bores., soma

Advanced Farsi

a me:t e te:n ke diro:z pgnan bore:n., _aerae bexaerae? (jan)

jan me.tanest ke parsal mo:taerae bexaerae.

ki me:tanest ke digaeb sinoma borae:

mae me:tanestom ke d1aeb 8i.norna borom.

ki st ke diro:z\e:io xaeyat borae? (

aspaez me:tanest ke diro:z pe:se xaeyat borae.

ki me:tarest ke parsal the xanabadsàefaer_{konae u)}

tanest ke pareal dee xanabad saefaer konae.

ki A-

anest

kedir z da maejIes ae)

mae me:tanes om ke diro ki me:tonest ke dieaeb aemrayetan sinoma borae?

soma

ae maejles bo

,:taneste:n ke disaeb aem

ki Me:t=:est ke paerelro:zqasemae molaciat konae? (

ma te:tanestem k- Tae ,z

sinoma

ab molaciat kone:m.

MIT I _Advanced

Drill D.

TEACHER,

e:ckaes naetanest ke

MEM

_ bazar bo_ (golam

eoto. ne:, golam raeft.

e:clzaes naetanest ke taer om konae? (mae

coto: ne:, mae e:ckaes a _1 est ke galinae bexa a (aemu aemrikayi)

ckass est ke seers e a

ne aemu aemrikayi cer1d.

nae?

co- nle:, ma waz kad a:ekaes n- _apest ke dae MQ: rae?

zoto: ne:, jan rioft.

e:ckaéshtanes ke eniteh - hatae? (do naefaer

.coto: ne:- do naefaer eehan dad.

ja:ekads.n_ -anest ke rno3kelatetanae hael konae? lemsayb)

n aelemsayb hae3 kaad.

e:ekaes naetanest ke nanae ta -sim konae?

coto: ne:, aupaez taNsint.

0:ekaes naetaxest ke lekca=i terjomae konao? golam eoto:,ne* gollm e:ekaes iaetanest ke somarae ra&momayi konae? _do:st

e:ekaesnaotu3t ke golamae kom

ed.

cote: no:, o:stetanraehomayi k d.

konae?

eoto: ko:maek e

TEACiR

Id me:anae ke. bitaymae aarg

Id kf; raeqa1aerae taerjomtle konae

keea xaeridaen, borapp

^o

ke elev:z taeiiine paeye :

e

xo name;

ROW X0 TIMM° t

a

nae cum.

a

ae-ke-yieg daetne daeftáorepiako:r

Jan xo naemeztnae,

ke aerotz d

o e m,

kabol pul paca aendaz

koma piakorra xo

naemeItanaem.

ke snore b ekel pao& boae

^. enomatan. X0

naemertsnest

anne ke

_{mae xo' mem}

anae ke- a

ma 'co nae

d Farsi

ke _:n?

mro:z:nd om laken _.2

me:tanomke emo:aemrãrdakáez,=_hamed gsep _bezaenom?

emro:z naeme: tRzen, laken diroz me:tamesee:n.

k .emsal ae inoma bora -emtel naam

me:taneet. ken pars emro:z naerne:tenom, laken dird z me:tanestom.

:tanest ke PR -real =á

al naeme:t _ems'ai

awe.;

r

diro:t emro:z:::;!:,anom, 1

gip ke

muzyeeme kabol didaen kona:n?

Advanced, F

RECP2ITULATE:1i

fa Drill A.

TEACHER'' STUDDIT

.mertianorn ke sle .yaeg

sbma

bne:n ke ale yaeg daefa goma me:tarrestem

bebene:n._

ospasze -bebenae.

ke diro:z yaeg daefae jan

e

mawosoma me:

bebenem,

mawesorna me:tanestem ke diro.z yaeg da.efae

eriae fako:lte aedaebejatae

bebene:m.

este:rn ke diro:z eg daefae janeei'

mayosoma me:tene:rn ke degaesceba --- yaeg daetae raey1e fako:ite aedasbeyatiae _bebenam.

-gagerdaye iolamme:tanaen ke degaesaeba yaeg daefae raerise fako:lte aedaebeyatae bebenaen.

ye golam me:tenestaeri ke aefte:

_

_gozaestae

p fako:lte aedaebeyatae bobenaen.

. 4

bozkassirae

sagerdaye golan me:tanestasn

.-

ko Aelte:

felme banoranae bebenaen.

ki me:tanest ke aefte:

_goza

_{ae fel:6e}

bebena?

ki nie:taneat ke aefte: gozáeatae bozkaesirae

bebena?

1 6

ste:n ke diro:z no.taa po eve kone:n?

:kagaez4

z.aewan he. (

gozaal ^ae

molar:lilt:16nm ,komaek-

(endinci z pe:s -maerefi

ae fganestanGe

17

A

Advanced Farei

e. kire xodap xaelaø konae.

kare

Xwae

flaewestae diro:z,

:z

raewan,

pe:ran

iiiiaaw tu kens°

.aero.z teket seteeftete,

1 8'

.bobaedietni ma_ dao qalin xaeri . °gas ined.ne:stom, laken`emro:0- ;

besyar kar. &trot wee basarraeftie

naemitanom.

^{_ .}

naamettane:n ke emro:z

_aez

xaeridaen saerfe naeoaer koneim.

mae xo me:Tana-in Ice Beebe aernreyetan

gain xaeridaen borco.

ae ice mae degaesaeba

aemrika me-from wae saebem kare

paeporte xodae xaelas re:konom.

cera ne aema beradaeretanam dae saewda.xaeridaen xub xat

bud?

mestanae ke den k konae.

EteSS lot °tan taesaekor.

_mae

-entezare beradaeretanie darom.

xaey y-aeg caerd dee:114as metal me:kone:n ke beradaeremae

_p

konom ke aemrsietan,cialin xaeridaen

toKae?

Noce ae baed nets cera _6aend ro:s 'pe:s yaeg qalizie beayar kub,

ma kaeridae bud..

baele4

1 vs e: tangs.

e:nae m as aemi

aetft mg :Tomwae baereg me:gom Re

soma qli xaeridaen borae.

.:Dr41-1A- eJontinued

can boil the dishes now.

.

I c 'buy kerosene now.

Dr _I

He: can. go to Ghulams h6use today.

can go. :the tailar Aoday.

.1 He can eat at the Khaibar 'today.

He can come

^-_y

He can wait for you at John' s House.

_

:-Tio-'00. go tO s

invitation

r :today.

Yon...-pan.t say

-

You an't eat by your hands this year

You buy a y rugs hi year;

Ybu 9spit rorkinthe proiinceS' this yeer.

You can't change from this school this- year.

Yot can't teach in the provinces this year.

You.canttt fly to Qundus this year :You dan' t go ,to the U. S..

.three. tiMes this year.

an't order razor blad the U.S. this year.

You can'.t borrow-money from the'. Naos. Corps, office this

oar..

Drill D.

, Can't we "go to the Park Cinema

Caztiask permissfon n excuse todayfrom

Can't we ask-permi ion from you today?

prebident (director)

-Can't we talk abo thS o :todsy

Can't_we give the students an exal tbdoer

I

.Canit wevsitthe museUM _today?

Can't we visit your -ati Can't wô usoyour.

t toclay?

today?

0

4 4,)1:".r AV I

barrwmi 01; jb,

DriJi

D continued

can:t we invite the

Kurtoddy?

^.

t.-we have a, meet pg.about the etam' today?

TheY' could introduce- could have introduced you yesterday.t.

They could take Johli, buy grapes yesterday.

They could forget about going to 2aghman yesterday

_,

TheY could ask you fgr help yesterday.

They- could- torgri

about buying the rug yesterday.

They could forget :about coming home yesterday.

,r.

hey could forget. abotit.

---. looking for ta, house yester

They could forget about staying overnight yesterd

,-.,:

They could fbrget about :taking- the exam yesterd

,They could- forget aboUt

.

seeing the sick

^mail)

yesterday.

I couldn' t

last wepic. iy:o you your salary

I-couldn'

I cOuldnit give.you_hoii week.

couldn't lend you m bicycle las week-.

I.cou dn't showyou the musetiM last week.

cou excube you last week.

I couldn' giveyoU any tip-last_{week .}

an envelope_ cSly

couldn't invite you giVe you an invitation) last week.

Drill. G.

Who can talk -about. the history of Afghanistan?

can talk about the public health?

can talk about the w

vacations?

Who .can talk about the religion of

Islam?

o can talk about the- American Exports?

can talk abou

uie

can talk about the climate

of Afghanistan?

Who can talk 'about cbal

Who can talk about, ^hi'. Fedayi's

article?

Who can talk about the respon- sibilities of the professor?

an kali put the .books on the desk?

Can you put the- 'cup in the -cupboard?

Canisu Tut the uttc

Can you pat the pillown on

45-

ji2.11.; 45.4:1 Can you pu

Can kou pu envelop9

you pit tzbloi

the pep

on the 3

^43101/45 _J.u.t..1 ailcys

P-You leave the ccrpound.door Can Ytaljjeave the i7irtdcfst open at

nif,W

ja.SJ

-

z

elr

r

77-ri

UNIT v :wed Fa s emro:z

Bayead (ice) ale borom.

Savaed (k ) amsaew borom.

Ilomhen (k saeba borom.

diro:z

ba -d (ie ) diro:z me:raeftom.

sayasd (ka ) aisaew me:raaftom.

momken (ke ) garsal me:raaftom.

1-tzem-a ke) ale byay lazem bud (ke) diro:zmyamaedont.

az-aess (ke) eesaw byayom. ejazae bud (ke) daSew_myamaedom.

aetmisS ke) Beebe byayom. aetmi bud (ke) dirq:z myamaedom.

momken.aess(ke) ala byayom. momkan bud (Ice) disaewmyamaedom.

zaerur aess(ke) amsaew bvayom. zaerur bud (k disaew myamaedom.

Comments:

1) Alqays use bayaed, i';ayaed,form of the Iistb,whenbayaed ke amro:z borom.the tinse-17-5Fesent or future, e.g.and momken with the optative

'In the past, however, you should always use the-prefix_me:- with the past stem of the verbs: bayaed ke dito:z me:raefto lazem, eja_ae; aetmi, xaerur and momkin are often, though hcA always, with tne optative forErTM-Verbs_in the present future and the me- f rm

otvorba

when the tense is simple

Drill bayaed k babaad ke

PRESZMTATIO ^1.111

ae o:z daa kar aajaaLa konom4

aero:z dee aami.xanaa zendaeg .,konom.

bayaad ka aet4o z aawdanaa por konom4 ba37ad. ka aero:z boxariraa deerbetom bayaad ke aaro;z tamirae xaebaer bigirom.

bayaed ka aaro;z otaciaa,golf konom.

bayaed ke aaro:z saetlaa xali_konom.

bayaed ke aero:z taesnabae ga,rm konom.

bayaad ka aero:z pamane saefe:d,-bopo:som.

bayaad ke a o:z daa saarwis maektaeb borom,

sayaadika sayae. ke Sayaad k sayaad -sayaed.ke

sayaad ayaad ka Sayaed ka

ayaad Ic

golam otlaa ali konaa.

amro:z golam

'sayaae, ka

sayaad

o:z 0:2 snro:z

tfargs bo*aoyae.

golam karaa oaa konae.

iviem aawdana_- prir kona_, golam mo:taaraa te:iae koha amro:z golam gaapa 'bawaer _konaa.

o:z golam gaapaa (la bul konae.

, .

.

golam.sagardArae Jaaza batae amro:z golam golaraa _{a2w betae.}

amro:z golam mitaaraa gol'konae.

:z golam aemrayam mowafaciae_{konae ..}

(k,) arafta2 taaraafeda-rya qaadaam bezaen r l -so ac (ka) Afar asftaa aegi .ararak t :aawom.

aaftas ko: baLa saawom.

lazc:m aass.(hs)-aur asftaa daacaamaan'bazi konom.

-Asr aaftaa daa maa

lazam asn aeftaa d:, b-g satarl kotorii, .

lazoo asss aaftaa dAa manae taafri konom.

lozam _a2fta dae pagman

la (ka. ) a:r aaftd..!

lazem aass (ka) asfta- daa

7az-sm aass naamaz bo::anora .

lazam aass (ka) aa

tac

D.

. bayaacl bay:

bayaccl k d:i_rotZ rinaba3n1 Mu larida:m.

dAro:c bury

b&a

^l rUro z t2ka- oa=arida:m.

bayas he cliro :z 7,!aa1ta kagazzi mam.arida:m.

baya

Vro:z

..:span m-:%aerida:Ok diro: z langi m.:caarida:m.

fito z anjanb rnmi ms:Ica baya _{cro:z ball}

ba,,, ^. ka di abas

- b diro aynaa ma vaarida:m.

ha C.c;.ro saltaraj ms diro:c o-:b-.

axuri borom.

o:ta21 saaw t konom.

alif .rnataktan ba6Om.

ko. payan Saewom.

diro:z Taatah, marcaarid

ri. :m.

oc.:caarida:m..

A

ma:_aaride:m.

diro: _gostaar(i)m's:x_

. rn.::caerida

/.

Drill E.

raorlIcn.ha baysahalaa jo:rna2mz:haadaen.

-1.11

non

-ro:z golraa buy nam: :kazcIan.

mo:tea n2 cstn0. nnama:1-,aadd n_. r121,7a.p

morlk2n ra

morah,n ha diro:z pya

las, na2ms :haadaen.

jaam nma :kaedaem, momhan aro :z sa2raahao. :raarab na-ma:kaada_n.

MCI u.lc2 naama:kaadaan.

Al.lor±2ti paaysaara na rtara:kcdaan.

laOr a-nlga,, I ni2ama. a2daan.

r :z ba-rcia2 gOL nama:1'aada2n.

latnt bud ^_ lazlm

bud

buel

u 1ma b2bm. m?

asaake 2, bwcora

2r holcacra2 bwr.ore:m?

l_az.cq bud 1.-c2- inn2W ataan jana2- _1:m7

bufn-h-disaaw,- faataan pirata roxta s hon3:m7

r,r3m fasw7r7in mo:ta2raa_nstadw, kona-m?

laz-zn burl.Jc

lazam bud 7-,2

ta2rbuza dag, paraa konz:m?

-2t92u kodam si da2ga2 baxaar2

7 raja: -ba:2 hodam fv2 g ap baznam a?

lisaw kodn71. , _agna b2g3r2:m

Drill G.

C3.

ass s

naro

pot

2ridd3 babinmam.

o:z pot ka2btib b=ordsn.

ha aaro:z pot adayaara molaqat

1coni.n

_ k- tp,2:rana

. c- 10 a,ss _ot fardl boxanan.

e3 i3ZiU aass ha daro:z Dot bar7 alamaa bobaardan.

baynad

17..3 aaro. pot q(tL1fltL baa-7 hon, n.'

+

aro:Z Dot armay fd2rid gaap baztwndan.

aaro:z Dot maamomaa h ,n konaan., ro Dot r,

1a5-am aasd ha d'Iro:z not sarrddra,

2 ,a2rw3a- ba7naci

bayaad ha

ba7d,

coma :COG Dasa

-t oona al -Jdr bada:n.

t dood bc-,

ru3tsomn

7-r,3 daruat

soli

-: %a nar

7_ soryl

taan eto:-

Jpaa:n.

donn Joria bdca:n.

ba,Taa ha 1.:2rwa-.:nt

go.s Iconam.

oo:taabaar bana:n.

da;: ⁷ bdda

Inqaamdme. bad,'

=r b-

baya2 R:a 3r7-7.2.a:7,t soon

-0 I, o donn

a-runa7.,:t sum ^,r1r1=-10

bataan.

Drill,I.

momkan nc.abu k2 parsal daa rtriica -loud.

monk= nnabuo pnrsal rmlndo':k mibud.

homkan nnabue

.momhan nnaouc l. parsal snara soma gar mibud.

motakan naabud k ptrsal ociaa ba:har mibud.

par ni ociaa d2Lasp mibud.

-v'rcct1 ociao gar-3mi mibud.

momhan n,

MOokan nnabui Ita parsnl oqa sat mibud.

monk= ,nn NO:ha parsnl ociaa 8darib mibud.

momhan naabud ha parsnl oqa ca mibud.

rioan naabu,r- -nnl oqa, zynt,m*j.bud.

mo nnaburl ociaa 74odusi mibud.,

monkan nnabuC, k tarsctl ocia- asur nibud.

nonaan na: parsal octal =1,;(1i mibud.

.otnic ha jnn

aatmis -n- amro:z claa mn3_,s 313sa2w daa

aroci

nIts h7_. ^anroa nomn azar Ijsar.l.

yin an-- _ ftnar aar basna.

jnn amro:z rlora ma: ^{_i ,._} ,^..sna.

n2t-tis natmis

2t-17f.s

jfln amro:z dna-xana: n4.1azar

jnr

^,2nria-:z

ha jan amro lnwaat azar basda.

tt-ilis ha Jan anro:z dn; 2rnixur1 az2r basda.

gaya ,saaryris

natm-

o:z daa haali

o:z dna la2 0.23

A

1 K.

zacrurac- k rLo:k33r p zacrura

SearUrac,

no:k

awda

bora2.

aaz boraa.

pos

no :Iar pos ^_ act'bor 2rurs k2 no:kaar poste dubi'borna.\--

,_..- ,

ca no:kasrpoa yaa:c boraa.

zarur

za.2 no:kaar po a 1 boraa.

zaaru__-_ ^{no:ka3 post:3 d} dome.

za3rura ,no:kanr pdsta sabun borae zacmra

no:aar

axtbar'boraa.

zacrura P, no:kar iost moja2 Ina boraa za3rura :kaar post- asn1 bo

sa3rura-s ka no.:kaar posto jarubor no:kaar post3 gorup _bora-

Drill h.

enS ti

M char:

aro:z rcysa

CLm

galin _z-n---

aw radayo:r, n,:konna?

golnm, o:tct3b

xnna :tan da

pnasto:. na:f

jo :r

T DRILLS

Student-

na : 1 aaort ,tanaa

bayn.-2d ke snabn-;:anaa basce.

amsal ro3nat nacdaran.

baynad ka amsnl ro::sacti dastaa basa:m.

na ainro :z paaysaa nnedaraa bnynad- ka amro:z pnaysna dnstaa bnsae.

ne:, emsnl qalin narzan_na:ss,

bavaad ka amsnl galinaarzan basaa.i

^ aw radayo:rn _nneme;

konna. bayaed ka ansaaw rndayo:rae jo:r

konc.

-taabaer na:s

bayaac. 1c go1iu moitaabner naaw-aa na:, ,c.'na:twi dtsfir_a

bnywd ka _{:na dna}

.basne.

na:, mla bayn-,d.ka

naew

o: nneme:zno.om.- naSto: bofamom.

Dra

Jan o:z

s.77

mna diro:z orin3

naspurarLom.,(1nz-2:'7

naw nd. bay ,d ka

rliro

CLWC po7to2 nnakaadon _(nom%'In.

Oiro:z drY3 _sn!rt.72:s naaraafto _(bnyasc r.,nrsal dna knbol _7.anno

nn2 .fltor1 (sayaad)

ociaa

lanaMedom.

:staar anat1cx a x ,laadOo. _{1n2taM_}

nn2 pnrca

(bny ^re1)o:b-

_as qaandar ta!r anz2L

z taana,..ninoma a ftOm (bayasd

.1nzam

diro:z pc:rans

mon_ n ka 'oor77..a nalwa poxtaa m2:14a2da:n.

bayaL 7k's-*S:oun ma,:rnefta:n*

1,ry!.

avaed ks somn da

kbo1

ma:dnsta,:n.

bud-ka ads:n.

bn nod Its pars co:b M2 rida:n.

bnynati

soma caewn2 Maamedczn.

omn _-ta:n.

n ndom. 1c 2 soo71 da2.-1.n7ars sdaL

ma:(1-1-1a:n.

1,,,eMAk

11 C.

lehe

naema0 an .

^nr11. a no sa

:'Sodaan. (amkn -baz zrdori fars

ma:zaennan.

na Ianaa

12 :konzt

bi gaep

'daa za '.atan new ( :chaec)

acpa7,,

u b2cy

an bas

maare

:konaa.

oqz zutzut

ba7,

balmbure

.ud at!

sagret naema

an.' a:ctaas ameGtan wr=uri. _raejEt-

u ba..yar paaysat.

naokonaa.

Ix:woad ka olaa ,nnarae.,

bayac aarae

sinona

SfrZ

bura

manning.

oth s tho cook aspace

Goraa

to th2 pinoipa1 see thl

rom

8 Sri

lazem bud

rase

.bayasd

ilL

^{ths ,latav}

rr,:!-.aeclon

P2n a night in Jalalabad

1iv in H3rat

raz

with the teacher.:

Jan

eoi1ct

astrai7

ozaas tae

punish his stu Jlts

10d thl bOok

iounta

4 3

en

Jan ia'tica soma daa a mani aefgana ce Icona:n ]a araz oma, -aaeaen,

mas b'd act rayc a^, kaes.dest betom. b aegae qasoqo paenjae naabaaa aemraya deatnan boorori.

bayaed ma:nanoco:rdaelnamraye destee.bo _{ame:m car}

dae-baze :,:ana'cia'soqo aenjae naame:bas

rasti,_das nanay, aefgani kodam- cizara :besyar- xee

mae fekr me:konom kw asaek katbab 1:inyar daezaadar-ae..,

. .

Teacher: 'cub, fekr neemikoni ka da omttaa ba2wa2 -'374ne:.

p:lani qabeli 'a lwa aemrikar

baele: baya _.saawae.

mae fellr me onom ke ba3aid baze raesturana 1 qesm nanara datae bdea.s. baYaed ke Obeli aatmaen dae -aemrika yaft Saewae, wee mariazem.7aess ke (lite r.ana:

. =,d yaagah waext kaebab poztae kona:m..

(Ae) lib)

iveA.11 this housseveryday.

Are everyday'.

ld check the bu lding everkday, should lack the room everyday.

Fiould empty the bucket everYday., should heat the taesab _{eve yday.}

:sholi.tld a whiter sh

fi should go to school by bus everyday.

-pryday.

phulam may ,:punish the students today,.

Ghulm may water

today. flowers

,

G ularn may tur

day. he meter

y

agree with mo todax,

4 Ci

Ltd4

Drial C.

It js neoessry that I take a walk tD rd the river eve yweek. _t

tis nece_sarythat-I _{cross this} road every Week.-

i '

It is necesaary that I "climb:the -Mountaineveryweek-.-:

-It,is necessary-that I play .inthe field everyweek.:-

It is necessary that I pray in,the mosque evety week.

It is necess_ y that I play n the garden every wek.

It ls nece -ary. hat I, relax at home every week.

-It is necessary'that 14.go' to P

for r creation every week.

It is necessary that I stay at hotel overnight every.week.

It i necessary thetI wait for_you at Is alif every week'. r-^A It is nece'seary that I.0,eme Aown the mountain every 'week. -I

11r:

should have bought 1400d yesterday.

We should have bought elastic yesterdaY

We should have bdught brassieres yesterday.

should have bought a mat yesterday.

We.should have bought so e material ^. yssterday.

We hould have bought a paper .yes erday.

e should have bought some rope yesterday.

We should have bought a turban

yeraiterday.

We .dhould have boughttomatoes Yesterday.

ffe should have boOght a p llowF yeaterday

.

Ifli-shouldhave bolight clo hes yesterday.

e should have bought glass .nye terday-

We should have bought _anties yesterday.

We Should have bought a Ting yesterday.

We should have bought a petticoat yesterday.

4 8

4311-4Jig

44,11.6. -P6.1-

fi

hay. were-,not..repairing yesterdaY'.

Maybe they ere 'Do Yesterday.

Maybe they Were AO flowers yesterday.

. :

Maybe'theywere.no O6r Yesterday.-

fi

Maybe they were'no tope yesterday.

'Maybe cups

. . ..

hey=were. no putt ay yesterday.

cooking aelwa

èrnl1ingth&

stoPpftig th&

Maybe they were noi dam

road yesterday. 'ng the be they were not tying the _rope yocte day.

_Maybe they Were-not

money yesterday. aving the aybe they were not rolli

stone yesterday ^the

Mnybe.they w re ,noiturning the light off yesterday.

4 9

itt

_J

.iLi

^J./1

Drill F.

Was it necessary for us

the movie last night?

_see

ncce ior Us to ea_ the las

1,17. iii-oct;lsoary for,us te e-- that

,--'cookies last night?, .

it ab olutely necebsery.

to:see John last night?

Was it necessary fpr us to make pancakes all ofa" sudden?

Was it flecessary for us to stop the^. car imedjate1y last night?

Was It necessary for us to slice a water-melon las night?.

Was it necessary for us to buy another piece of glass last ^, night?

'as it neceseary foruS to talk about.anofher guy last'night?

es it necessary for us to get other mirror last night?

.

Drill G.,

Why should the' see Frride secretly

Why should they ea Rabat's

occretly every day?

Whyshouldthey y rheet Assid secretly 0-mry :day?

. .

Why sheuld-they:wash their shirt secretly Why Should they..studYk. Pa;

sebtetly evory.day?

Why should they. take IrlY 'bicycle Secretly every, day?

Why.should they a k the pree

'Of the 06.4-vet sepretly ever-;k :clay?

-why should lbhey talk, o'- -Farideseeretly 'every day.

Why should they invitepeople' ..secrotly eVery.day?

Why shou1d

radio seere hey listen to the.

ly every day?

Ithy should they punish the cf.udents secretly everyday?

)49

You, should always (ev

.ali-times) be 'happy. ^ytime

^or.

be pa be dlever*

You should always Ae-, Separate.

---

You should always, be wait

_n

You should always be rich.

t.

nu should always i4 _generous.

Y9.1A.. should alweys be iitere

J. I

hould always be industrious.

Tou shou d always be

honeE

was_not possible for him to be n Am.aripa last year.

It apn't po sible fo -him to -be shy.

'last year:.

It wasn't poasible for the weather, to be that-het last year.

It wasn't poSsible.for h'im to be'.

angry

-t you last Year.

forldmt

ato frealatt year.-

It1 wen'tposible for it' that itti*eating-lastyear.

It wasrOt possible. for it to be that ,hard lait year.

It wasn!t-possible for him:to be that poor last year:

-It wasn't posaible for him to ,be that fat laat year.

wasu't-tOssible for so e h ng- o'be.tilit much last year.

It Vaan:

that pri sible -for him to be e last year.

It wasn't Pes 1.1q.e for him

that famous-1 st year. ^be

It wasn't Ross ble for scime hin to be that real last year .

j L.

JL

absolutely neaessary for to be in class today.

. .

id'absolutely necessary kx.

to be in the meeting today.

absolutely necessary for ohn to be at the wedding

onight.

absolutely necessary for obe at the cinema today^. s absolutely neap

Joh* tabs presenVin

-Oday

'LbsOlUtely -nece dary-fo- - be at the-party today.

-absolutely necipsary for^. o be-at our-hotive today. ^,

*bsolutely nece nary for ohibbe at the-bus-stop

=;tod

4bablutelse necesary olin _to'be'presentat

ceirtion today.i=

_s Absolutely necesear le-be present at.the

einent- party today.'

it

ievabsolutely ncoessary 4Ohn to be at tho'church today.

jthálut

'John to be 1at th

a

4.A., it;;;]0:t;L:71.1eA'-71t-

trine (b=tly)

Xt tk3 necfacoar7 tor tr.,7 opr,:nt tr/

"ft (A neconsary for

th

trip- the -Lauhcij,...'

it is necessary 17or thP earvant tr.!,

bring ice,

It is necesearytor the:servant to bring a bulb.

it lc necespery for tht,

brn

flobr, ,

It is=nocQstary fOr vont to

1,4, is nocestary 1-or-tne aervralt to-

tjt. tt.6, 4Ai4V4.itt

It it nrceotary for _{th -$erv,azt}

to

bri!g the paper.

It-is necoszar, _{',for th} arvant to bdng tht magozine..

It

ie nCcessar: for the sPrvant bring-,"atnis" (th nowsbaner), ,lUt,_.4s-htdessary- for: thb

"

Jxr

r

j

tv:1 *T:=;1`;', 1"54:7--

2

1

iaf,k

k,

31,1

f.,1 r:F.014.

-

r-1

6

a

.1 .1/414

t.t

%

CEMLNI DRILLS

.1:

1)rill A.

RECAPITUJjATXON D ILLS

5 9

AEC ITULATI3N' DRILLS

(Lif

*

t.L14

RLCkPITULAIION DRILLS

6 1

59

3

.a%VjL

d

_ae

mae

:z felmae Ididas

eeridae

'o:zJ gainae

daersae

a dada's

;nee saeba golarae

_

eiro:z

;

:me:tanom. I can water the m. I as sc the movie.

nowe

.tanom. I can hey tte rug 'today.

tanom. ! I can finish the

! lessen tether flowers tomorrow.

mae i dirom felmae _{didae ,tanestom.} 1 was able to see

1 the movie yester&y.

el dibaew, daereae leaelas kaedeeltaneetom.

; 1 was able to finish

1

. 1

i the lesson last night.

mae dims golarae _{ew dadae taneetom,} I-Was able to water

_ the flowers yesterday omarae didae i.meetaneatom. 1 conld:haVe seen

e y,u yeaterdaye

m dihew paoyaaeraexrc kaedae me 7tariestom. r I could havespent ^, 1 the money last nit tanestom. 1 ceuld have stud.,

1 ied Pushto lest year.

M

'mate: p peat() : xen (sae

Ir

golware nasok - aess. This girl is as fine Oa a fib

em zaware ayar aeos. This person is see Clever as a crow.

t arwere taelx aBss. Thi: cigarette is as .tter as poisen.

1 :nes in A illustrate that when the auxils verb me:tanom pr ent -tan- and past s am - t-) when used ill theprese _{re tense,} thar verb compound or Simple) shouldbe (l)in the airplo past end

ae suffixed to it. e.g. (did ¢ ae) . did4.

2. Sentences in B illuetrate the past atom of the auxilary verb

eith the simple-past of the verb preceding it. The meaning of such seer,

tences is was able. e.g. "filmae didae taneetem"- "I. was ab e to nee the repvie717:51711 could see the movie."-

3. Sentences In C illustrate the factthat when theauxllary verb is used with theprefix me:-

2temof ,his

s-TEe meaning could have rather than was able or eould. e.g ae parsal paegto:

xandaeeee:tenestom." 111-Zaira-have utedied Peftto last Year."

4.,Sentences in D, however, explainthafect that you must have_{a noun} suffieted.by eware to give ti-e meaning which is then followed by en.adjective. e.g.-getaeware maeAbui-aess - She io as pretty as a picture.

, UNIT-III

P TATION tILL5

Drill A.

doxtaare maacisud golware nazok aess .

namzate.maacisud golware nazok- aess.

doxtaeraaki maektaebi goiware nazok aess.

aemgere k idaen golware nazok aess.

ruya doxtaere xale:g golware nazok _aesa.

aebaye u dorbaer golware nazok _aess.

Oestaye raefiqe: goma golware nazok _aess.

pe:rane.arusitan golware nazok aess.

pe:rane xaewe to:rpe:kaey golware nazok ss jorabe.n lona raeu1etan golware nazok aess.

paerdaye otage xaewatan golware nazok _aess.

nane7silotsaangware saext bucL .go:Ita gaew saengware saext bud.,

tolgaeke.xane:tan saengware saext bud .z-saengware saext bud-.

u balegt saangware saeXt bud.

dole u,Maelem saengw saext 6

paeneire u doikan saengware saexi bud.

pi:3:sta oarmae saengWare saext bud. ^. lubya saengware saext btO.-

jaeware lo:gaer saangware'saext bud.

Sitaye aezu mo:taer saengware saext bud.

6 3

Advanced Far

Drill C.

aemi xanae do:zaexwa/- gaerm ne:se?

aemi agpaazilanL do:zaexware gaerm aemi jelalaebad do:zaexware gaerm aemi flo:reyda da:zaexware gae ne:ss?

aemi ataq da:zaexware gaerm ne:r3e?

aemi maentaegae'do:zaexWare gaerm T1:ss?

aemi saerwisa do:zaexware gaerm aemi senf do:zaexwa gaerm

aemi kali do:zaexware gaerm ne:ss?

aemi aemam do:zaexware gaerm r

Drill D;

godseyae baerabaere Yoma ketab.:KoEne- naemell,anaa.

godseyae baerabaere g oma ketab naeme tanae.

godseyae baerabaere soma ketab Awe- naem, ae.

godseyae baerabaere góma ketab nacweihae naeme:'Anae.

godseyae baerabaere ipma ketab gereftae naeme:tanae.

gods yae baerabaere gopla ketab bo:rclae na4me:tanae.

ciodseyae baerabaere oma ketab nega kaedae naeme:tanae.

qodseyae baerabaere 5oma ketob di naeme:tanae.

godseyae baerabaere goMa ketab 5m kaedae na e:tanae.

qodseyae baerabaere goma ketat nijan _e naeme godsayae baerabaere ioma ketab to,Tslim kaed, 3

ae.

:tana

Advanced Farei

Drill E.

kole maerdom segret kaegidae naeme:tinae.

-baze maerdom segret kaogidae haeme:tanae.

iaemame-maerdom segret kaegidae naemeLtanae^. yaegan maerdomsegrat kaegidae na_ t- aemae maerdom segret kaegidae naeme:tanae.

aeksaere Maerdom segret kaegidae naeme:tanae.

besyari maerdom segret kaogidae naame:tanee.

nesfe maerdom segret kaegidae naeme:tanae.

be:staere maerdom segret kaAidae naeme:tanac.

yaeg te:da&maerdom segret kaesidae naeme:tanae.

Yaeg esae maerdom segret kae5idae naeme:tanJe.

DrIll F.

mae xo irae famidae naeme:tanom.

mae xo irae aewar kaedae nae ^:t _m..

mae xo irae faeysaelae kaedae naeme:tanom.

mae xo irae zyat kaedae nae_

mae xo irae taeslim kaedae n me:tanom.

maeL xo irae taegdir kaedae naeme:tanom.

mae xo irae moragebaet kaedae

naeme:tano

mae xo irae paeyda kaedad naem mae xo irae faerZ kaedee'neem,?,:

mae xo.irae.zeemanaet kaedae n-eme:tanom.

_a irae purae kaedae naern: banom.

tanom.

mae xo ae nega kaédae naene:tanom.

6 3

,7 4

IL^;

Drill G.

jan xo eml be bud:1c

jan xo emro:z taena budae na etanae,

an xo emro:z be:se ad .(naxiAl ) budae naeme;t aeme:tanae.

jan xo emro:z no:z gozaeren beta an xo emro:z budae naen

an xo emro:z aieZ budae nae e. ^. an x6 emro:z momsek budae nae -:+arae.

an xo emro:z gar budae naeme:tanae.

an xo emro:z jegaerxun budae na me:tanae.

jan xo emro:z azad budae naeme:tanae.

an xo emro:z mofies budae naeme tanae.

an xo emro:z deljaem uda. e:tanae.

jan xo emro:z be:karae auduc 1 tariae-

((!a Drill H.

ki diro:z urae ociae zud ki diro:z urae ogee zua ki diro:z urae ogee z d dae

rn

anest.

tanest.

me:tanest, ki diro:z urae ogae zuciij ie nx:tanest.

ki diro:z urae ogee zud numrae aad me:taneet7 ki diro:z urae ogee zud

ki di o:z Iffne oqa zud ta, ki diro:z urae ogee zud ki diro:z ogee ki diro: ogee

ki

diro:z uvae ocia zu do

kaedte me nest.

me:tau

me:tant.

andae

t

ac

Adw Fral

Drill

asw noqraeware saf aess.

nak qaendware er in - ay zarware t_

ea noqraoware

nan maeskaeware naa a ass.

aengur qaendware Aarin aess.

de:wal baseware saafe:d eay zarware taelx seas.

i. kard Itaange:rware te: aess .

i sew noqracware aasfes

i.nan maaskaeware naerm aess.

nak qaendware

erin

cay zimare taax

ill

ityan

salanze akware,

rv:Ti- rV°

pakestaal zarware teelx naeb4a7 (gage eatezar co : rr tri eaowi?

_Faro

Li UN'

acs4

5aca-nware orwa re ISr

xadaofare modir

-7,Lware

al4;0

yl

Jan

raeftaen avvRe

Xt4A:tetti,--1.1t7«,,t'ff:,=,g"

arware taelz

be:kar-aostaon?

a

aoba beiqebarae

u gaopae fayiaelao :kono:

u naofac

STULIOn.

ne:, mac etaro:z co:b

naerte:tancen.

no: ,

ale xaolaa Imam:

ne:, earpthn boskar budao naome:t4naen.

aba gu1rae a

noon

anao.

no: o roans:tow didao nom moo.

no:

aobl naoma tanao.

no:1 alo koodoe name

ao

no:, maw boore naafi

dadao naernoitanao.

flQt

dao aenf guxi kaudao num:Ito:mon.

no:

z goza

^_ koadao

noem: nac.

jam dirv:a baecaa xan

f

Advanced

.

(kalker

xoelas kaedee bazo gagerdan

ickaes

kaedae

didae me: =est.

ne: d kaad

naet

,bale Nerdan iaalaa kaedaa oaataneetaen...

el *sea xana naatanest.

Ike pars- ao oq

too

aes atiz ke;

katabae baare jan azr rar.:Jo t

..ck

amanact dadae

ntlat

UNIT rr

Adv_ eed Fa

asugur bite fekre gcma

aex

(geteaware

extayei coto;r-aess. _(eaware) cay cotof r.aeaa. _(tarware)

caqu cototr-aasa. (tae

t

goat xub tud?

bud?

(baelet :za 1,baecae

;egret sigaal onto

_a

r- (zarware

MIT

..aengur q--

ae4s.

doxtaer ciataeware maelbul-aass.

-erntayan aawware

1.

cay zareare taelx-ac cage gaarn5e: mare t aees.

no:. Vat aangare a

bud.

baelety aem gaerm bud.

1.1

baecae za

zaevare

egret signal .z aelx-

atm.

RECAPIiJLATION. DRILLS

riU

ale baeke1etae nega kaedae

naeszestanotn.

dirosz

Jan

.paes awordae

amideati (right away

raeligem

&none gorup (light

buy

irol z piin

kagke

fin d

hayaB

eaybe

rd)

minket.)

B.

u dorteer qat ale

baya d kalke

efli

z

nak qaendware

maegtful

kard paeIe

segrete sigael zarware

caye sya

UNIT III

AdvCec

Drill C.

mae xo i qaiinaexaeridaenaetne:tanom.

msmaye aspaez bring to my house diro.z

Boma

aemu buryarae take a look at peas me:tom aemidesti sweep sell mae

aefte: gozaajtae rosze yaek daefae wash

UNIT III-

Situations

TEACHER:

,STUDENTs

TEACHER-

MIA:ENT:

o_

N1iSATION LLU3

raje: bae tartxe ol kaeme gaep Uedae met

nes-, raje: bao.tarixe molol daedan maelumatnaadaro- laken r bae tarix oaemgelz baeretam maelumat dadae ne:tanom.

motao aosefanao ale bayaed mawgoma saere tarixe mo 1gaep

bezaonesmm lazem:aess ke cpma rage: bae mo olam cize yad dal as bagesn.

xse:n, rat± ko mao bayaed kodam ketabe tarixe aefganestanae ke ajes bae tarixe molo1 babeo bexamom..' aema-fe:lienraja: bae

ta#.te-megollese maelumat naedarom1 aez goma yaeg sazwal kbedae me:tanom?

TEACHER:- baele: bofaermaye:n.

oTULENTs -mae daelmjatedam ketabe

j

arixe xu OR yaftae me:tanom.

TEACHER: ketabaye tarixe aefianostam dee aer ketab forugiwap ketabxanae paeyda mestae.