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HAL Id: tel-00719594

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Submitted on 20 Jul 2012

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Régulation de l’expression du facteur de transcription

TFIIIA et des gènes d’ARN ribosomiques 5S chez

Arabidopsis thaliana

Elodie Layat

To cite this version:

Elodie Layat. Régulation de l’expression du facteur de transcription TFIIIA et des gènes d’ARN ribosomiques 5S chez Arabidopsis thaliana. Sciences agricoles. Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. Français. �NNT : 2011CLF22204�. �tel-00719594�

ÉCOLE DOCTORALE

DES SCIENCES DE LA VIE, SANTÉ, AGRONOMIE, ENVIRONNEMENT N° d’ordre : 567

T h è s e

Présentée à l’Université Blaise Pascal pour l’obtention du grade de

DOCTEUR D’UNIVERSITÉ

Spécialité : Physiologie et Génétique Moléculaires Soutenue le 16 Décembre 2011

ELODIE LAYAT

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Président : Pr. Christophe TATOUT, GReD, Aubière

Rapporteurs : Dr. Marie-Édith CHABOUTÉ, UPR CNRS 2357, Strasbourg

Dr. Olivier LEFEBVRE, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette

Dr. Julio SÁEZ-VÁSQUEZ, UMR CNRS 5096, Perpignan

Examinateur : Dr. Pierre SOURDILLE, UMR GDEC INRA, Clermont-Ferrand

Directrice de thèse : Dr. Sylvette TOURMENTE, GReD, Aubière

Laboratoire UMR GReD CNRS-INSERM-Clermont Université 24, avenue des Landais 63177 Aubière

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Figure 2 : Structure secondaire de l’ARNr 5S chez l’homme.

Les sites importants pour la liaison des protéines TFIIIA et L5 sont indiqués.

(D’après Szymanski et al., 2002)

Hélice I Hélice II Hélice III

Hélice V

Hélice IV

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Figure 3 : Les différents complexes de l’ARNr 5S dans l’ovocyte de xénope.

Les gènes d’ARNr 5S sont transcrits par l’ARN polymérase III. TFIIIA initie cette transcription. Une fois transcrit l’ARNr 5S se lie à TFIIIA et forme le complexe 7S RNP, permettant ainsi son transport et stockage dans le cytoplasme. Il peut également être stocké sous la forme 42S RNP. Lorsque l’ARNr 5S est lié à la protéine L5 (5S RNP), il est transporté dans le nucléole pour être incorporé à la sous-unité ribosomale 60S.

(D'après Szymanski et al., 2003)

CTPt"45U CTPt"7U 43"rtqvfikpgu CTPt"38U 55"rtqvfikpgu 72U 52U CTPt"4:U147U CTPt"7.:U" CTPt"7U 72"rtqvfikpgu CTPt"3:U 55"rtqvfikpgu 82U 62U Tkdquqog"rtqect{qvg"92U Tkdquqog"gwect{qvg":2U

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Figure 4 : Localisation des loci d’ADNr 5S chez Arabidopsis thaliana, écotype Columbia.

Les loci d’ADNr 5S sont situés en région péricentromérique des chromosomes 3, 4 et 5. Les loci d’ADNr 5S sont en violet, les loci d’ADNr 45S sont en vert. Les centromères sont symbolisés en gris.

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Séquence transcrite Séquence intergénique

A EI C

TATATA GC C -1 -12 -28 +1 +51 +71 +81 +120 380 pb 120 pb

Figure 5 : Représentation schématique des gènes d’ARNr 5S chez Arabidopsis

thaliana.

Haut: Les gènes d’ARNr 5S sont répétés en tandem. Les séquences transcrites de 120 pb sont séparées par une séquence intergénique de 380 pb.

Bas: Le promoteur interne est composé d’une boîte A, d’un élément intermédiaire (EI) et d’une boîte C. Les séquences en amont de la séquence transcrite sont indispensables à la transcription. Une séquence poly(T), terminatrice de la transcription, est située en aval de la séquence transcrite de 120 pb.