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http://doc.rero.ch

Published in "Geobiology 18(2): 185–206, 2020"

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http://doc.rero.ch

†mb|1;ѴѴˆoѴ†l;V_calbv]bˆ;m0‹|_;Ѵ-||;u-v]_cal = 1.047482V_cal + 385.628601.

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ƓĺƓՊ|Պbrb70bol-uh;uv

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nŊ-Ѵ1o_oѴv ‰b|_ Ƒѵ |o ƑѶ 1-u0omv Ő b]†u; Ɣ-őĺ ‹1Ѵb1 |;ur;mob7v v†1_-vv|;uoѴvŐ0u-vvb1-v|;uoѴ-m77bmov|;uoѴő-m7];o_or-mob7v ŐbisŊ_olo_or-moѴ -m7 -m_‹7uo0-1|;ubo_or-m;|;|uoѴ Ʒ -m_‹7uoŊ $ő‰;u;=o†m7-v‰;ѴѴĺu-vvb1-v|;uoѴ-m77bmov|;uoѴ‰;u;ru;Ŋ v;m|-|-ѴѴv-lrѴ;7;r|_vĺBisŊ_olo_or-moѴ‰-vru;v;m|bmlov| v-lrѴ;vķ0†|‰-v-0v;m|-|Ɛѵƕ-m7ƑѵƔ1l7;r|_ĺm_‹7uoŊ$ ‰-vomѴ‹o0v;uˆ;7-|ƓƓƔ-m7ƓѵƔ1l7;r|_ĺ †u|_;uķmomŊbvoru;Ŋ mob7-Ѵlomo-Ѵh‹Ѵ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ;|_;uvŐő‰b|_ƐƔ-m7Ɛƕ1-u0om -|olv‰;u;omѴ‹=o†m71Ѵov;|o|_;v;7bl;m|Ŋv;-‰-|;ubm|;u=-1; -| Ƒ 1l 7;r|_ĺ b-Ѵh‹Ѵ ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ ;|_;uv Ő vő ‰;u; ru;v;m|ķ ‰_b1_ 1olrubv;7 ƒƏ 1-u0omv bm |_; vb7; 1_-bmv ŐƐƔ 1-u0omv r;u 1_-bmőĺ $_u;; ruolbm;m| v ‰;u; o0v;uˆ;7ķ m-l;Ѵ‹ Ő-ő isoŊ C₁₅/isoŊ₁₅ķŐ0őisoŊ₁₅/anteisoŊ₁₅-m7Ő1őanteisoŊ₁₅/anteisoŊ₁₅ Őbĺ;ĺ _ƒƏ-Ŋ1őĺu;=bŠ;viso- and anteiso-7;v1ub0;|_;l;|_‹ѴŊ ]uo†r 0u-m1_bm] robm| -| |_; r;m†Ѵ|bl-|; -m7 anteŊr;m†Ѵ|bl-|; 1-u0om-|olķu;vr;1|bˆ;Ѵ‹ĺ v_ƒƏ-Ŋ1‰;u;=o†m7-|-ѴѴ7;r|_v Չb|_;Š1;r|bomo=|_;v;7bl;m|Ŋv†u=-1;bm|;u=-1;őķ0†| _30a -m7  _30b 1oŊ;Ѵ†|;7 ‰b|_ o|_;uķ †mb7;m|b=b;7 ou]-mb1 1olŊ ro†m7v -| ƓƑƔķ ƓƓƔķ ƓѵƔķ ƔƑƔķ ƔѵƔ -m7 ƔƖƔ 1l 7;r|_vĺ ˆ;u-ѴѴķ v‰;u;u;Ѵ-|bˆ;Ѵ‹-0†m7-m|-|ƐѵƕķƑѵƔ-m7ƓѶƔ1l7;r|_vĺ mo|_;u;|_;uѴbrb7ru;v;m|‰-v|_;bvoru;mob7-Ѵ7br_‹|-m‹Ѵ]Ѵ‹1Ŋ ;uoѴ 7b;|_;u -u1_-;oѴĺ u1_-;oѴ ‰-v ;vr;1b-ѴѴ‹ ruolbm;m| bm |_; Ѵo‰;uv;1|bomo=|_;1ou;ķm-l;Ѵ‹-|ƓƑƔķƓƓƔķƓѵƔķƓѶƔķƔѵƔ-m7 ƔƖƔ1l7;r|_ĺm1u;-v;7-u1_-;oѴ1om|;m|v‰;u;7;|;1|;7-|ƓѶƔ -m7ƔƖƔ1l7;r|_ĺbr_‹|-m;7boѴv0rŊƏķ0rŊƐķ0rŊƑ-m70rŊƒo1Ŋ 1†uu;7-|ƑķƒѶƔķƓƑƔķƓƓƔķƓѵƔķƔƑƔķƔѵƔ-m7ƔƖƔ1l7;r|_ķ0†| ‰;u; =o†m7 bm |u-1;v omѴ‹ ŐƺƔƏ m]ņ] v;7bl;m|ő -| ƕƏķ Ɛѵƕķ ƑѵƔ -m7 ƓѶƔ 1l 7;r|_vĺ ;1-†v; |_; o|_;u =u-1|bomv Ő_‹7uo1-u0omv -m7 1-u0oŠ‹Ѵb1 -1b7vő 7b7 mo| v_o‰ - v|uom] vb]m-Ѵ o=  Őbĺ;ĺ

bvoru;mob7 _‹7uo1-u0omv -m7 |;ulbm-ѴѴ‹ 0u-m1_;7 1-u0oŠ‹Ѵb1 -1b7vĸ $-0Ѵ;v "Ɛķ "Ƒőķ omѴ‹ |_; -Ѵ1o_oѴ =u-1|bom ‰bѴѴ 0; 7bv1†vv;7 bm|_;=oѴѴo‰bm]ĺ

= |_; ˆ-ubo†v ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ 7b0br_‹|-m‹Ѵ ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ |;|u-;|_;uv Ő $vőķ-1‹1Ѵb1Ő $ŊƏőķlomo1‹1Ѵb1Ő $ŊƐőķ0b1‹1Ѵb1Ő $Ŋ Ƒőķ|ub1‹1Ѵb1Ő $Ŋƒő-m7|_;r;m|-1‹1Ѵb11u;m-u1_-;oѴŐ $ŊƔő -m7 b|v bvol;u 1u;m-u1_-;oѴĽ Ő $ŊƔĽő ‰;u; b7;m|b=b;7 Ő$-0Ѵ; Ɛőĺ  $vo=|_;v-lrѴ;-|ƑѵƔ1l7;r|_‰;u;Ѵov|7†ubm]ru;r-u-Ŋ |bom bm |_; Ѵ-0ou-|ou‹ĺ ѴѴ v-lrѴ;v 1om|-bm;7 ˆ-ubo†v -lo†m|v o=  $ŊƐ|o $Ŋƒķ1u;m-u1_-;oѴ-m71u;m-u1_-;oѴĽķ‹;| $ŊƏ ‰-v |_; lov| -0†m7-m| Ő b]†u; Ɣ0őĺ $_; u;Ѵ-|bˆ; r;u1;m|-];v o=  $ŊƏ |o  $Ŋƒ ‰;u; ;Ѵ;ˆ-|;7 =ou ƓѶƔ 1l 7;r|_ķ ‰_;u;  $ŊƑ 1olrubv;7 ƑƔѷ o= -ѴѴ  $vķ - _b]_;u 1om|;m| |_-m -| -ѴѴ o|_;u 7;r|_vĺ $_;  $ŊƏņ1u;m-u1_-;oѴ -m7  $ŊƑņ1u;m-uŊ 1_-;oѴu-|bov-u;ruoˆb7;7bm$-0Ѵ;Ƒĺ$_;v;u-|bov_-ˆ;0;;m†v;7 |o7bv|bm]†bv_0;|‰;;m|_;1om|ub0†|bomo=l-ubm;0;m|_b1-u1_-;- Ő $ŊƏ |o Ŋƒ ru;7olbm-m|ő -m7 rѴ-mh|omb1 -u1_-;- Ő $ŊƏ -m71u;m-u1_-;oѴru;7olbm-m|őĺov|v-lrѴ;v_-7 $ŊƏņ1u;mŊ -u1_-;oѴu-|bov0;|‰;;mƐ-m7Ƒ-m7 $ŊƑņ1u;m-u1_-;oѴu-|bov o=ƺƐĺ|ƓѶƔ1l7;r|_ķ|_; $ŊƏņ1u;m-u1_-;oѴ-m7 $ŊƑņ 1u;m-u1_-;oѴ u-|bo ‰;u; u;Ѵ-|bˆ;Ѵ‹ _b]_ķ m-l;Ѵ‹ ƑĺѶ -m7 ƐĺѶķ u;vr;1|bˆ;Ѵ‹ĺ

$_;δ13

 ˆ-Ѵ†;v o= |_; nŊ-Ѵ1o_oѴv ˆ-ub;7 =uol ƴƒƒҀ |o ƴƑѶҀ Ő$-0Ѵ;Ɛőĺ$_;bvo|orb11olrovb|bomvo=v|;uoѴvv_o‰;7-vol;‰_-| _b]_;uˆ-ub-|bom‰b|_ˆ-Ѵ†;vu-m]bm]=uolƴƒƐҀ|oƴƑƓҀ=ou0u-vŊ vb1-v|;uoѴ-m7ƴƑѶҀ|oƴƑƒҀ=ou7bmov|;uoѴĺ$_;bvo|orb11olroŊ vb|bomo= _ƒƏ-Ŋ0‰;u;omѴ‹o0|-bm;7=ou|_;v-lrѴ;-|ƒѶƔ1l 7;r|_ķ ‰_b1_ ‰;u; ƴƒѶҀ =ou  _30a -m7 ƴƒƕҀ =ou  C_30bĺ(-Ѵ†;vo= _30cu-m];7=uolƴѶƑҀ|oƴƑƖҀķ‰b|_-u;ѴŊ -|bˆ;Ѵ‹ Ѵo‰ ˆ-Ѵ†; Őbĺ;ĺ ƽƴѶƑҀő -| ƓѶƔ 1l 7;r|_ĺ $_; Ѵo‰;v| ˆ-Ѵ†; o= ƴѶƑҀ ‰-v 7;|;ulbm;7 =ou |_; v-lrѴ; =uol ƓѶƔ 1l 7;r|_ĺ BisŊ _olo_or-moѴˆ-Ѵ†;vu-m];7=uolƴƔѵҀ|oƴƑƔҀķ0†|ˆ-Ѵ†;v‰;u; oˆ;u-ѴѴ1Ѵov;|oƴƒƏҀ‰b|_|_;;Š1;r|bomo=ƴƔѵҀ-|ƓѶƔ1l7;r|_ĺ $_;δ13_{ˆ-Ѵ†;vo=-u1_-;oѴ1o†Ѵ70;o0|-bm;7omѴ‹-|ƓƑƔķƓƓƔķƓѵƔ}

-m7ƔƖƔ1l7;r|_vķu-m]bm]‰b7;Ѵ‹=uolƴƕƐҀ|oƴƑѵҀĺ$_;Ѵo‰;v| ˆ-Ѵ†; o= ƴƕƐҀ ‰-v =o†m7 -| ƔƖƔ 1l 7;r|_ĺ (-Ѵ†;v o= |_; 0br_‹Ŋ |-m;Ŋ7boѴvu-m];7=uolƴƑƑҀ|oƴƐѶҀĸŐ-ő0rŊƏu-m];7=uolƴƑƐҀ |oƴƐѶҀķŐ0ő0rŊƑu-m];7=uolƴƑƑҀ|oƴƑƏҀ-m7Ő1ő0rŊƒu-m];7 =uolƴƐƖҀ|oƴƐѶҀĺ(-Ѵ†;vo=0rŊƐ1o†Ѵ7mo|0;7;|;ulbm;77†; |ob|vѴo‰1om|;m|vĺ

$_;δ13

 ˆ-Ѵ†;v o= |_;  $v ‰;u; l;-v†u;7 -v |_;bu ;|_;uŊ 1Ѵ;-ˆ;70br_‹|-m;vŐ$-0Ѵ;Ɛőĺ"-lrѴ;v-|ƑķƕƏ-m7Ɛѵƕ1l7;r|_v ‰;u; mo| -m-Ѵ‹v;7 =ouδ13

 ˆ-Ѵ†;v 7†; |o Ѵo‰ 1om|;m| o=  $vĺ

  & !   ƒ Պ Ő-ő"Ŋ"bl-];o=-u-]omb|;m;;7Ѵ;v-||_;v†u=-1;o=-)vh;Ѵ;|omŐ-uuo‰őĸƓƖƏ1l7;r|_ĺŐ0ő"Ŋ"bl-];o= u_ol0o_;7u-Ѵ1u‹v|-ѴvĸƓѶƑ1l7;r|_ĺŐ1ő-|_o7oѴ†lbm;v1;m1;lb1uo]u-r_o=u_ol0b11u‹v|-ѴŐ-uuo‰őv_o‰bm]0ub]_|ou-m];Ѵ†lbm;v1;m1;ĺ $_bvr_-v;_-v0;;mbm|;uru;|;7-v-Ŋ;Š1;vv7oѴolb|;ĺ|_;u=u-]l;m|vķ1ouu;vrom7bm]‰b|_Őbuu;]†Ѵ-uő0bo1Ѵ-v|vķu;ˆ;-Ѵ-7†ѴѴķu;77bv_ Ѵ†lbm;v1;m1;ĺ -v_;7‰_b|;Ѵbm;vu;ru;v;m||_;Ѵblb|v0;|‰;;mv;lbŊѴb|_b=b;7-m7†mѴb|_b=b;7l-|ubŠĸƓѶƏ1l7;r|_ĺŐ7őѴ-m;ŊroѴ-ubŒ;7Ѵb]_| r_o|olb1uo]u-r_o=|_;v-l;-u;--vbm1ĺŐ;őuovvŊroѴ-ubŒ;7Ѵb]_|r_o|olb1uo]u-r_o=v;lbŊѴb|_b=b;7ķ0u;11b-|;7=u-]l;m|vŐbm7b1-|;70‹ -uuo‰vőĸƓѶƏ1l7;r|_ĺŐ=ő"Ŋ"bl-];o=Ѵbm;-uķr-u-ѴѴ;Ѵv|u†1|†u;vŐ-uuo‰vőbm7b1-|bm]|_;7bvvoѴ†|bomo=)vh;Ѵ;|omĸƓƖƏ1l7;r|_ĺ Ő]őѴ-m;ŊroѴ-ubŒ;7r_o|olb1uo]u-r_o=buu;]†Ѵ-u=;-|†u;vŐ-uuo‰vőr;m;|u-|bm]|_;v;lbŊѴb|_b=b;7=-0ub1ķbm7b1-|bm]Ő0boŊő;uovbˆ;ruo1;vv;vĸ ƓѶƏ1l7;r|_ĺŐ_őѴ-m;ŊroѴ-ubŒ;7r_o|olb1uo]u-r_o=1bu1†Ѵ-uv|u†1|†u;vŐ-uuo‰vőbm|_;v;lbŊѴb|_b=b;7=-0ub1|_-|-u;Ѵbh;Ѵ‹|_;u;v†Ѵ|o= 0oubm]vĸƓѶƏ1l7;r|_ĺ)ķ1oѴ7Ŋ‰-|;u1ou-Ѵĸ"Ŋ"ķ"1-mmbm]Ѵ;1|uomb1uov1or‹Ŋ";1om7-u‹Ѵ;1|uomvŒoѴo†u=b]†u;1-m0;ˆb;‰;7-| ‰bѴ;‹omѴbm;Ѵb0u-u‹ĺ1olœ

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$ub1‹1Ѵb1 0br_‹|-m; ŐomѴ‹ 1u;m-u1_-;oѴŊ7;ubˆ;7ő ‹b;Ѵ7;7 ˆ-Ѵ†;v =uol ƴƑƐҀ |o ƴƑƏҀĺ ѴѴ o|_;u 0br_‹|-m;v v_o‰;7 v|uom];u ˆ-ub-|bomv bm ˆ-ubo†v v-lrѴ;vĺ b1‹1Ѵb1 0br_‹|-m; Ő $Ŋƒ -m7

1u;m-u1_-;oѴŊ7;ubˆ;7ő v_o‰;7 u;Ѵ-|bˆ;Ѵ‹ †mb=oul ˆ-Ѵ†;v =uol ƴƑƑҀ |o ƴƑƏҀķ ;Š1;r| -| ƓѶƔ -m7 ƔƖƔ 1l 7;r|_ķ ‰_;u; Ѵo‰;u ˆ-Ѵ†;v o= ƴƔƐҀ -m7 ƴƑѶҀ ‰;u; o0|-bm;7ĺ $_; lov| vb]mb=b1-m|

$     Ɛ Պ om|;m|vo=-Ѵ1o_oѴv-m7]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ7b0br_‹|-m‹Ѵ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ|;|u-;|_;uvŐ $vőbmm]ņ]v;7bl;m| "-lrѴ;7;r|_Ő1lő 2 ƕƏ Ɛѵƕ ƑѵƔ olro†m7 m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő m]ņ] δƐƒ_ŐҀő Ѵ1o_oѴv isoŊ15 sn1Ŋlomo-Ѵh‹Ѵlomo;|_;u 23 n.m. 0 0 0 anteisoŊ15 sn1Ŋlomo-Ѵh‹Ѵlomo;|_;u 12 n.m. 0 0 0 nŊ17:1? sn1Ŋlomo-Ѵh‹Ѵlomo;|_;u 14 n.m. 0 0 0 nŊ17:1? sn1Ŋlomo-Ѵh‹Ѵlomo;|_;u 3.4 n.m. 0 0 0 nŊ17:1? sn1Ŋlomo-Ѵh‹Ѵlomo;|_;u 11 n.m. 0 0 0 isoŊ17 sn1Ŋlomo-Ѵh‹Ѵlomo;|_;u 18 n.m. 0 0 0 nŊ17 sn2Ŋlomo-Ѵh‹Ѵlomo;|_;u 12 n.m. 0 0 0 nŊ17 sn1Ŋlomo-Ѵh‹Ѵlomo;|_;u 7.0 ƴƑƒ 0 0 0 nŊ26Ŋ-Ѵ1o_oѴ 30 ƴƒƑ 151 ƴƒƑ 33 ƴƒƒ 64 ƴƒƐ nŊ28Ŋ-Ѵ1o_oѴ 7.2 n.m. 7.7 n.m. 1.4 n.m. 3.1 n.m. u-vvb1-v|;uoѴ 52 ƴƒƐ 35 n.m. 4.7 n.m. 15 n.m. bmov|;uoѴ 54 ƴƑƔ 64 n.m. 10 n.m. 29 n.m.

isoŊ15/isoŊ157b-Ѵh‹Ѵ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ7b;|_;uŐ30-ő 0 54 n.m. 23 n.m. 36 n.m.

isoŊ15/anteisoŊ157b-Ѵh‹Ѵ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ7b;|_;uŐ300ő 0 66 n.m. 19 n.m. 27 n.m.

anteisoŊ15/anteisoŊ157b-Ѵh‹Ѵ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ7b;|_;uŐ301ő 28 ƴƑƖ 96 ƴƒƖ 45 ƴƔƒ 76 ƴƓƖ

17βŐőķƑƐβŐőŊbisŊ_olo_or-moѴ 70 ƴƑƕ 140 n.m. 0 0 u1_-;oѴ |u n.m. 0 n.m. 0 0 1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m;Ŋ7boѴ 12 n.m. |u n.m. |u n.m. 0 omo1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m;Ŋ7boѴ |u n.m. |u n.m. |u n.m. |u n.m. b1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m;Ŋ7boѴ |u n.m. |u n.m. |u n.m. 0 $ub1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m;Ŋ7boѴ 13 n.m. |u n.m. |u n.m. 0 m_‹7uoŊ0-1|;ubo_or-m;|;|uoѴ 0 n.m. 0 0 0 $o|-Ѵ-lo†m| 367 614 136 250  $v  $ŊƏ 2.7 17.7 0.6 "-lrѴ;‰-v Ѵov|  $ŊƐ 0.9 4.6 |u  $ŊƑ 1.1 4.7 |u  $Ŋƒ |u 0.8 0.0 u;m-u1_-;oѴ 2.1 17.1 |u u;m-u1_-;oѴŝ |u 1.7 0.0 1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m; n.m. n.m. n.m. omo1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m; n.m. n.m. n.m. b1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m; n.m. n.m. n.m. $ub1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m; n.m. n.m. n.m. $o|-Ѵ-lo†m| 6.7 46.6 0.6

Note: $_;δ13bvo|or;ˆ-Ѵ†;vo=ou]-mb11olro†m7v-u;bmҀˆvĺ(Ŋ ĺ$_;δ13ˆ-Ѵ†;vo=|_; $v‰;u;l;-v†u;7-v|_;bu;|_;uŊ1Ѵ;-ˆ;7 0br_‹|-m;vĺ1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m;bv7;ubˆ;7=uol $ŊƏ|o $ŊƐķlomo1‹1Ѵb1=uol $ŊƐķ $ŊƑ|o $Ŋƒķ0b1‹1Ѵb1=uol $Ŋƒ|o $ŊƓ -m7|ub1‹1Ѵb1=uol1u;m-u1_-;oѴŐ $ŊƔőĺu;=bŠ;visoŊ-m7anteisoŊ7;v1ub0;|_;l;|_‹ѴŊ]uo†r0u-m1_bm]robm|-||_;r;m†Ѵ|bl-|;-m7-m|;Ŋ r;m†Ѵ|bl-|;1-u0om-|olķu;vr;1|bˆ;Ѵ‹ĺ|uķ|u-1;vŐƺƔƏm]ņ]v;7bl;m|őĸ1oķ1oŊ;Ѵ†|bom‰b|_o|_;uou]-mb11olro†m7vĸmĺlĺķmo|l;-v†u-0Ѵ;7†;|o Ѵo‰1om|;m|ĺ

ˆ-ub-|bomv‰;u;=o†m7bm-1‹1Ѵb1-m7lomo1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m;vķ‰_b1_ -u;7;ubˆ;7=uol $ŊƏķ $ŊƐou $ŊƑĺ$_;lov|m;]-|bˆ; ˆ-Ѵ†;vo=lomo1‹1Ѵb10br_‹|-m;o=ƴƖѵҀ-m7ƴƔƓҀ‰;u;=o†m7-|

ƓѶƔ1l7;r|_-m7ƔƖƔ1l7;r|_ķu;vr;1|bˆ;Ѵ‹ĺ"blbѴ-uѴ‹ķ|_;lov| m;]-|bˆ; ˆ-Ѵ†;v o= -1‹1Ѵb1 0br_‹|-m; o= ƴƕƔҀ -m7 ƴƓƐҀ ‰;u; =o†m7-|ƓѶƔ1l7;r|_-m7ƔƖƔ1l7;r|_ķu;vr;1|bˆ;Ѵ‹ĺ ƒѶƔ ƓƑƔ ƓƓƔ ƓѵƔ ƓѶƔ ƔƑƔ ƔѵƔ ƔƖƔ m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő m]ņ] δƐƒ_ ŐҀő 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 200 ƴƒƑ 221 ƴƑƖ 175 ƴƑѶ 196 ƴƑƖ 130 ƴƒƐ 157 ƴƒƐ 101 ƴƒƐ 63 ƴƒƐ 11 n.m. 11 n.m. 9.1 n.m. 10 6 n.m. 5.7 n.m. 4 n.m. 2.9 n.m. 56 ƴƑƔ 52 ƴƑƕ 35 ƴƑƔ 64 ƴƑƔ 22 ƴƒƏ 39 n.m. 32 ƴƑƔ 15 ƴƑƓ 106 ƴƑѶ 224 ƴƑƕ 209 ƴƑƕ 404 ƴƑѶ 49 n.m. 142 ƴƑƒ 149 ƴƑƓ 51 ƴƑƔ 47 ƴƒѶ co co co 35 n.m. co co co 61 ƴƒƕ co co co 47 n.m. co co co 127 ƴƔƒ 255 ƴƔƏ 157 ƴƒƕ 253 ƴƓƏ 110 ƴѶƑ 137 ƴƒƖ 98 ƴƒƓ 60 ƴƓƔ 26 n.m. 81 ƴƑƖ 69 ƴƑƔ 85 ƴƑѶ 64 ƴƔѵ 72 ƴƑƔ 65 ƴƑƔ 29 ƴƒƑ 27 n.m. 59 ƴƒƕ 41 ƴƑѵ 57 ƴƑƖ 32 n.m. 33 n.m. 35 n.m. 29 ƴƕƐ 50 ƴƑƐ 223 ƴƐƖ 144 ƴƐƖ 193 ƴƑƏ 0 71 ƴƐѶ 34 ƴƐѶ 28 ƴƑƐ 0 29 n.m. 14 n.m. 22 n.m. 0 34 n.m. 0 19 n.m. 16 n.m. 91 ƴƑƐ 51 ƴƑƏ 67 ƴƑƑ 0 52 n.m. 23 n.m. 26 n.m. 42 ƴƐѶ 271 ƴƐƖ 161 ƴƐƖ 221 ƴƐƖ 0 84 ƴƐѶ 40 ƴƐѶ 42 ƴƐѶ 0 0 20 ƴƑѵ 22 n.m. 0 0 0 0 793 ƐķƔƐƕ ƐķƐƑѶ ƐķƔƖƓ 537 878 616 385 26.1 27.4 27.7 27.6 19.3 10.2 12.8 16.0 7.1 5.5 5.0 5.7 8.0 2.4 2.5 5.7 6.0 3.8 2.7 4.7 12.3 2.4 2.3 6.1 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 2.7 |u |u 0.9 17.8 20.0 17.9 18.0 6.9 7.9 9.0 11.3 1.9 1.3 1.0 1.2 |u 0.8 0.7 0.9 ƴƑƒ ƴƑƒ ƴƑƑ ƴƑƒ ƴƕƔ ƴƑƑ ƴƑƐ ƴƓƐ ƴƑѶ ƴƑѶ ƴƑƑ ƴƑѶ ƴƖѵ ƴƑƒ ƴƑƐ ƴƔƓ ƴƑƐ ƴƑƑ ƴƑƑ ƴƑƐ ƴƔƐ ƴƑƏ ƴƑƏ ƴƑѶ ƴƑƏ ƴƑƐ ƴƑƐ ƴƑƏ ƴƑƏ ƴƑƏ ƴƑƏ ƴƑƏ 59.8 58.7 54.8 57.8 49.4 23.7 27.3 41.0

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ƓĺƔՊ|ՊoѴ7Ŋ‰-|;u1ou-Ѵ-];v

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  & !   Ɣ Պ Ő-őu]-mb11olro†m7v o=|_;-Ѵ1o_oѴ=u-1|bombm‰|ĺѷ ]uo†r;7bm|onŊ-Ѵ1o_oѴvŐ_ƑѵŊƑѶőķ v|;uoѴvŐ0u-vvb1-v|;uoѴ-m77bmov|;uoѴőķ 7b-Ѵh‹Ѵ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ;|_;uvŐ _30-Ŋ1őķ ];o_or-mob7vŐbisŊ_olo_or-moѴ-m7 -m_‹7uoŊ0-1|;ubo_or-m;|;|uoѴőķ-u1_-;oѴ -m70br_‹|-m;Ŋ7boѴvŐrőĺŐ0ő-||;umv o=]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ7b0br_‹|-m‹Ѵ|;|u-;|_;uv Ő $vőbm‰|ĺѷĺu;m-u1_-;oѴனĹbvol;u o=1u;m-u1_-;oѴĺu;m-u1_-;oѴ-m7 1u;m-u1_-;oѴன-u;;t†bˆ-Ѵ;m||o $ŊƔ -m7 $ŊƔனķu;vr;1|bˆ;Ѵ‹ŒoѴo†u=b]†u; 1-m0;ˆb;‰;7-|‰bѴ;‹omѴbm;Ѵb0u-u‹ĺ1olœ $     Ƒ Պ Ѵ‹1;uoѴ7b0br_‹|-m‹Ѵ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ|;|u-;|_;uŐ $őu-|bov "-lrѴ;7;r|_Ő1lő 2 ƕƏ Ɛѵƕ ƒѶƔ ƓƑƔ ƓƓƔ ƓѵƔ ƓѶƔ ƔƑƔ ƔѵƔ ƔƖƔ  $ŊƏņ1u;m-u1_-;oѴ 1.3 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 2.8 1.3 1.4 1.4  $ŊƑņ1u;m-u1_-;oѴ 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 1.8 0.3 0.3 0.5 Note: $_;v;u-|bov-u;†v;7|o7bv|bm]†bv_0;|‰;;ml-ubm;0;m|_b1-u1_-;-Ő $ŊƏ|o $Ŋƒru;7olbm-m|ő-m7rѴ-mh|omb1-u1_-;-Ő $ŊƏ -m71u;m-u1_-;oѴru;7olbm-m|őĺ

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13

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Ő$-0Ѵ;Ɛőķ‰_b1_bv1_-u-1|;ubv|b1o=Ő;1hl-mmş$_b;ѴķƑƏƏƓőĺ $_bvbvv|u;m]|_;m;70‹|_;=-1||_-||_;r-u;m|l;|_-m;‰-v-uo†m7 ƴƔƑҀˆvĺ(Ŋ Ő-b]mb;m;|-ѴĺķƑƏƐƐő-m7|_;=u-1|bom-|bom=-1|ou =uol l;|_-m; |o Ѵbrb7 bv -uo†m7 ƴƔƏҀ =ou v Ő1=ĺ b;l-mm ş Ѵˆ;u|ķƑƏƏѶőĺ$_;ru;v;m1;o=|_;bvoru;mob7-Ѵ7br_‹|-m‹Ѵ]Ѵ‹1;uoѴ 7b;|_;u-u1_-;oѴŐ-Ѵ1o_oѴ=u-1|bomĸ$-0Ѵ;Ɛő-m7ƑķѵķƐƏķƐƔķƐƖŊr;m|-lŊ ;|_‹Ѵb1ov-m; Őĸ _‹7uo1-u0om =u-1|bomĸ $-0Ѵ; "Ɛő -u; lov| Ѵbh;Ѵ‹ -Ѵvo 7;ubˆ;7 =uol vķ 0†| l;|_-mo];mb1 -u1_-;- 1-mmo| 0; u†Ѵ;7o†|0;1-†v;|_;‹ruo7†1;|_;v-l;Ѵbrb7vĺ

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ƑƏƏƏĸ ur_-mķ bmub1_vķ ;| -Ѵĺķ ƑƏƏƐĸ ur_-mķ o†v;ķ bmub1_vķ 1;;]-mķ ş ;om]ķ ƑƏƏƐőķ 0†| -u; 1ollom bm o|_;uķ 1_b;=Ѵ‹ _‹7uo1-u0omŊ7;]u-7bm] v†Ѵr_-|;Ŋu;7†1bm] 0-1|;ub- Őuovvb ;| -Ѵĺķ ƑƏƐƔĸ(bm2omŊ-†]b;uķuovvbķ-1|omķv1-u]†;Ѵķşu-ˆoŊ-†u;-†ķ ƑƏƐѵőĺ ;vrb|;|_;†m1;u|-bm|‹-0o†||_;uoѴ;o= ruo7†1;uv-| l;|_-m;v;;rvķ|_;buv|uom]13_{7;rѴ;|bom1om=bulv-|Ѵ;-v|-1Ѵov;} u;Ѵ-|bomv_br|o|_;1omvou|b†lŐѴ†l;m0;u];|-ѴĺķƑƏƏƓĸoohķ ;b]‰bmķbu];Ѵķşbmub1_vķƑƏƐƐĸѴˆ;u|ķorl-mvķ$u;†7;ķo;|b†vķ ş"†;vvķƑƏƏƔĸ"|-7mb|vh-b-;|-ѴĺķƑƏƏѶĸ$;vh;;|-ѴĺķƑƏƏƑőĺ

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ƔĺƑՊ|Պ-u0om-|;ru;1brb|-|bom-v-

u;v†Ѵ|o=-m-;uo0b1oŠb7-|bomo=l;|_-m;bm1oѴ7Ŋ

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&ŊƕƔѶƖ 305 L. pertusa †|o=u-m]; 2.93434 0.00015 0.15403

&ŊƕƔƖƏ 365 L. pertusa 373.93 5.29 373.90 5.16 2.99923 0.00014 0.31522 &ŊƕƔƖƐ 395 L. pertusa 430.92 8.84 430.88 9.67 3.38022 0.00015 0.65533 &ŊƕƔƖƑ 590 L. pertusa 73.38 0.22 73.21 0.23 5.70921 0.00025 3.57782 a Raw age. b ];v-u;1ouu;1|;7=ou|_;bm=Ѵ†;m1;o=v;-‰-|;u-m7ņou7;|ub|-Ѵ7;ubˆ;7230$_†vbm]-230$_ņ232$_u-|boo=ѶƼƓĺ c

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om|u-u‹|o_b]_Ŋ]1-Ѵ1b|;ķb|bvt†;v|bom-0Ѵ;b=|_;-Ŋ;Š1;vv 7oѴolb|; |_-| ru;1brb|-|;7 bm |_; ", 1-m 0; -||ub0†|;7 |o  -v‰;ѴѴķ7;vrb|;b|v1ollomo11†uu;m1;bmv;||bm]vĺ-Ѵ1b†lŊ ;Š1;vv7oѴolb|;o11†uv-|o|_;u7;r|_vbmѴr_-o†m7-v‰;ѴѴŐ|_bv bvbm1om|u-v||o_b]_Ŋ]1-Ѵ1b|;ķ‰_b1_bv;Š1Ѵ†vbˆ;Ѵ‹ru;v;m|-||_; ",ő -m7 _-v vblbѴ-u r;|uo]u-r_b1 1_-u-1|;ubv|b1v bm7;r;m7;m| o= 7;r|_ĺ †u|_;ulou;ķr;|uo]u-r_b1;ˆb7;m1;bm7b1-|;v|_-|-Ŋ;Š1;vv 7oѴolb|;1u‹v|-ѴvŐ b]†u;ƒ1ķ7ő_-ˆ;oˆ;urubm|;7|_;bmb|b-Ѵ0u;11b-|;7 =u-]l;m|v Ő b]†u; ƒ;ő -m7 =oul;7 -| - Ѵ-|;u v|-];ĺ 77b|bom-ѴѴ‹ķ mo 0bol-uh;uv 1_-u-1|;ubv|b1 =ou  _-ˆ; 0;;m =o†m7 bm -Ŋ;Š1;vv 7oѴolb|;Ŋub1_ Ѵ-‹;uv Ő=uol ƐƔƏ |o ƒѵƏ 1l 7;r|_őĺ o‰;ˆ;uķ ;Ѵ;Ŋ ˆ-|;7 1om|;m|vŐƐѵƕ-m7ƑѵƔ1l7;r|_vĸ b]†u;Ɣőrobm|v|o -Ѵbmh‰b|_ou]-mo1Ѵ-v|b1v†Ѵr_-|;u;7†1|bomŐv;;uovvb;|-ѴĺķƑƏƐƔőĺ ˆb7;m1;=ouruomo†m1;7ou]-mo1Ѵ-v|b1v†Ѵr_-|;u;7†1|bom_-v0;;m o0v;uˆ;7 bm Ѵr_- o†m7 v;7bl;m|v 0;=ou; Ő!;f-v ;| -Ѵĺķ ƑƏƐƔĸ $;lrѴ;u;|-ѴĺķƑƏƐƐĸ);_ul-mm;|-ѴĺķƑƏƐƐőķu;m7;ubm]b|Ѵbh;Ѵ‹|_-| |_bvruo1;vvrѴ-‹v-uoѴ;bm-Ŋ;Š1;vv7oѴolb|;=oul-|bom7†;|o-m bm1u;-v;o=-Ѵh-Ѵbmb|‹bm7†1;70‹|_bvruo1;vvŐ);_ul-mmķ$b|v1_-1hķ क़||1_;uķş ;u7;Ѵl-mķƑƏƐƔőĺ ŐƐő CH4+ SO2−4 → HCO−3+HS−+H2O.

ƼŐƑσő ŐƑƒƏ$_ņƑƒѶ&ő1Ք ƼŐƑσő ŐƑƒƏ$_ņ232$_ő1Ք ƼŐƑσő δ234&ƐҀ ƼŐƑσő δ234&ƐҀ ƼŐƑσő b-];m;vbv

0.00016 0.10162 0.00024 ƑƐķƖƖƓ 77 142.12 0.67 146.25 0.69 o 0.00033 1.03136 0.00220 ƐƒƏķƏƕƏ 710 67.23 1.1 166.35 3.48 o 0.00084 1.07602 0.00165 ƐƕķѵƖѵ 37 56.04 0.44 322.85 60.93 +;v 0.00102 1.07989 0.00176 ƑƐķѶƖƏ 49 63.11 0.55 278.79 16.75 +;v 0.00032 1.13696 0.00190 ѵѵķƔѵƏ 180 65.56 0.45 0.00056 1.05938 0.00175 ƒƏķƖƓƖ 75 70.15 0.50 201.82 3.28 +;v 0.00107 1.06578 0.00193 ƐѵķѶѵƕ 41 62.95 0.58 212.77 6.14 +;v 0.00583 0.52865 0.00105 ƑķƔѶƖ 7 73.21 0.52 90.04 0.64 +;v

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