Disability models
Anna Matamala
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Element 1. Human diversity
Unit 1. Media accessibility
Overview
Different models that have addressed the concept of disability.
Articles
• Berghs, Maria, Atkins, Karl, Graham, Hilary, et al. (2016). Scoping models and theories of disability. Public Health Research, 4(8), 23-40.
• Orero, Pilar, & Tor-Carroggio, Irene. (2018). User requirements when designing learning e-content: Interaction for all. Human–Computer Interaction Series, 105-121.
• Matamala, Anna et al. (2018). User-centric approaches in access services evaluation:
profiling the end user. Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources Evaluation (LREC 2018), 1-7.
Moral model
- Based on religious beliefs.
- Linked to sin and shame.
- Charity or condescencion as reply.
Medical model
- Biological pathology.
- Fixing is needed.
- Useful to improve medical diagnosis and treatment.
- Doctors = experts; patients = passive individuals.
Social model
- Focus from person to society.
- Disability caused by society failing to consider individual differences.
Human rights model
- United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD).
- Person-first definitions.
- Legal, political, cultural, social and economic rights.
Biopsychosocial model
- International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).
- Medical + social approaches.
- Interaction of physical, psychological and social factors.
Human development model
Sophie Mitra (based on the capability approach):
• Deprivations = impairments and health conditions.
• Functionings = achievements.
• Capabilities = practical opportunities.
Human development model
Application of the human development model by Mitra / CC BY 4.0
Example
Same health deprivations and functionings,
but different capabilities
Example
Personal factor Resources
Structural factor
X
Pictures
Source: pixabay.com, pexels.com
License: Pixabay License, Pexels License
anna.matamala@uab.cat Anna Matamala
The project EASIT has received funding from the European Commission under the Erasmus+ Strategic Partnerships for Higher Education programme, grant agreement 2018-1-
ES01-KA203-05275.
Acknowledgement
The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the
contents, which reflect the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use
which may be made of the information contained therein.
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