Article
Reference
Apparent carbon and oxygen isotope variations of carbonate gangue minerals in the MVT Zn-Pb San Vincente deposit, Central Peru: the
effect of organic matter and sulfides
SPANGENBERG, Jorge Enrique, SHARP, Zachary D., FONTBOTÉ, Lluís
SPANGENBERG, Jorge Enrique, SHARP, Zachary D., FONTBOTÉ, Lluís. Apparent carbon and oxygen isotope variations of carbonate gangue minerals in the MVT Zn-Pb San Vincente
deposit, Central Peru: the effect of organic matter and sulfides.
Schweizerischemineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen
, 1994, vol. 74, no. 2, p. 301-302
Available at:
http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:154286
Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version.
1 / 1
©$66(0%/e( $118(//( '(/$6603¬9(5%,(5 &20081,&$7,216(7 3267(56
'LH )HLQIUDNWLRQHQ EHVWHKHQ DXV
,OOLW
ZHFKVHOJHODJHUWHP ,OOLW6PHFWLW &KORULW XQG .DROLQLW ZREHL GHU
,OOLW
LQ GHU )UDNWLRQ XP XQG GHU.DROLQLWLQGHU)UDNWLRQSPDQJHUHLFKHUWLVW 'LH
.$U$OWHU
GLHVHU 7RQIUDNWLRQHQSS VLQGNRUQ JU|VVHQDEKlQJLJH 0LVFKDOWHU XQG VWUHXHQ EHU HLQHQ ZHLWHQ %HUHLFK YRQ ELV 0D ZREHL GLH IHLQVWHQ )UDNWLRQHQ XP HLQ$OWHU
YRQ ELV 0DEHVLW]HQ'LH 5HVXOWDWH EHVWlWLJHQ GLHMXQJHQ
,OOLW$OWHU
DXV .OIWHQ LP .ULVWDOOLQ GHU %RKUXQJHQ %|WW VWHLQ XQG .DLVWHQ 3HWHUV HW DO XQG
PLW 0LQLPDOZHUWHQ YRQ 0D UHVSHNWLYH 0D8QVHUH HUVWHQ 5HVXOWDWH NRPELQLHUWPLW
SXEOL]LHUWHP 'DWHQPDWHULDO ODVVHQ GHQ 6FKOXVV ]X GDVV LQ GHU XQWHUVWHQ .UHLGH HLQHWLHIWHPSHULHUWH K\GURWKHUPDOH $OWHUDWLRQ ]XU 1HXELOGXQJ YRQ IHLQVWN|UQLJHP 7RQPDWHULDO LQ WRQLJHQ 6HGLPHQWHQ XQG DXI.OIWHQJHIKUWKDW 'DV.$U,VRWRSHQV\VWHP
GHU IUKHU JHELOGHWHQ 7RQPLQHUDOLHQ ZXUGH GXUFK GLHVHV (UHLJQLV QDFKKDOWLJ JHVW|UW
$XVPDVV XQG UHJLRQDOH 9HUEUHLWXQJ GLHVHV K\GURWKHUPDOHQ (UHLJQLVVHV VLQG HLQVWZHLOHQ VFKOHFKWEHNDQQW/LDVLVFKH ELV NUHWD]LVFKH
.$U
$OWHUVZHUWH YRQ 7RQPLQHUDOLHQ DXV K\GURWKHUPDOHQ
.OIWHQ XQG DXV 6DQGVWHLQHQ XQG 7RQHQ ILQGHQ VLFKLP *HELHW ]ZLVFKHQ0DURNNRXQG GHU 1RUGVHH XQG ZHUGHQ PLW GHU JURVVUlXPOLFKHQ .UXVWHQGHKQXQJ LP =XJH GHU$WODQWLN|IIQXQJ LQ
=XVDPPHQKDQJ JHEUDFKW
'LH ZHLWHUHQ 8QWHUVXFKXQJHQ ZHUGHQ GDUDXI DE]LHOHQ PLW
+LOIH
GHU 5E6U XQG 6P1G,VRWR SHQV\VWHPH HYHQWXHOO YRUKDQGHQH K|KHUWHPSHULHUWHK\GURWKHUPDOH (UHLJQLVVH XQG GHQ
=HLWSXQNW GHU GLDJHQHWLVFKHQ (TXLOLEULHUXQJ
]ZLVFKHQ DXWKLJHQHQ 7RQPLQHUDOSKDVHQ DXI GHU
HLQHQ 6HLWH XQG 3KRVSKDWHQ .DUERQDWHQ XQG2[LGHQ DXI GHU DQGHUQ 6HLWH
6FKDOWHJJHU
HW DO LQSUHVV ]X GDWLHUHQ
3HWHUV7M0DWWHU$%ODVL+5 XQG*DXWVFKL $ 6RQGLHUERKUXQJ %|WWVWHLQ
*HRORJLH *HRO%HU /DQGHVK\GUROXJHRO
3HWHUV7M 0DWWHU\ $ %ODVL +5 XQG*DXWVFKL $ 6RQGLHUERKUXQJ .DLVWHQ
*HRORJLH *HRO%HU /DQGHVK\GUROXJHRO
6FKDOWHJJHU 8 6WLOOH 3 5DLV1 &ODXHU1 XQG 3LTXH $ 1G DQG 6U LVRWRSLF GDWLQJRIGLD JHQHVLV DQG ORZJUDGH PHWDPRUSKLVP RIJJDUJLOODFHRXV
VHGLPHQWV $FFHSWHG E\ *HRFKLPSS
&RVPR FKLP $FWD
VOLSVKHDU DW EDVLQ DQG FUXVWDOVFDOH 7KUHHGLPHQVLRQDO
IDXOW VKDSH DQG IDXOW HYROXWLRQ ZHUH
DQDO\]HG E\ ;UD\ FRPSXWHG WRPRJUDSK\ 6WUDWLILHG
PRGHOV ZHUH FRQVWUXFWHG ZLWK
EULWWOH
DQDORJXH PDWHULDOV VDQG DQGJODVVSRZGHURYHUO\LQJDWKLQ OD\HU RI YLVFRXV SRO\GLPHWK\OVLOR[DQH 3'066DQG DQG JODVV SRZGHU GHIRUP DFFRUGLQJ WR WKH 0RKU&RXORPE VOLS FRQFHSW ZKHUHDV 3'06 LV D
YLVFRXVPDWHULDO
'LVWULEXWHG VWULNHVOLS VKHDU LV GRPLQDQWO\
DFFRPPRGDWHG E\ V\QWKHWLF VWULNHVOLS IDXOWV 5VKHDUV DW ORZ VWUDLQ VWDJHV 7KH\ VWULNH DW DERXW & WR WKH VKHDU GLUHFWLRQ DQWLWKHWLF VWULNHVOLS IDXOWV5VKHDUVVWULNLQJDWDUH UDUH DQG FRQILQHG WR WKH WUDQVYHUVDO OLPLWV RI WKH PRGHO 6\QWKHWLF DQGDQWLWKHWLF 5LHGHO VKHDUV DUH VXEYHUWLFDO DQG H[WHQG GRZQ WR WKH EDVH
RI
WKH EULWWOH OD\HUV (QpFKHORQ DUUDQJHG 5VKHDUV FUHDWH SXVKXS ]RQHV LQ WKH DUHDRI
RYHUODS:LWK
LQFUHDVLQJGHIRUPDWLRQ ORZHUDQJOH V\QWKHWLF 5/
DQG ORZHUDQJOH DQWLWKHWLF IDXOWV 5/ IRUP 7KHVH VHFRQGDU\VWUXFWXUHVDUHPRVWO\FRQILQHG LQ EHWZHHQ SUHYLRXVO\ IRUPHG PDMRU 5VKHDUV 1HZO\ IRUPHG 5/VKHDUV VWULNH DW SURJUHVVLYHO\
ORZHUDQJOHVWR WKHVKHDUGLUHFWLRQZLWKLQFUHDVLQJ GHIRUPDWLRQ
,Q H[SHULPHQWV ZLWK XQFRQILQHG WUDQVYHUVDO ERUGHUV 5 DQG 5/VKHDUVXQGHUJR FRQVLGHUDEOH URWDWLRQV DERXW YHUWLFDOD[HV 6SDFH SUREOHPV
FUHDWHG E\ URWDWLRQ RI DQWLWKHWLF VKHDUV LQ EHWZHHQ
PDMRU 5VKHDUV DUH VROYHG E\ XSEXOJLQJ
RI
WKH IUHH VXUIDFHQHDUWKHLULQWHUVHFWLRQ 7KLV UHVXOWVLQ VLJPRLGDOVKDSHG DQWLWKHWLF IDXOWV SODQ YLHZ ZLWK D GLSVOLS FRPSRQHQW DQG D GLS GLUHFWLRQ ZKLFKFKDQJHV DORQJVWULNH)DXOW RULHQWDWLRQV DQG IDXOW HYROXWLRQ GRFXPHQW PRGLILFDWLRQVRIWKHVWUHVVILHOGZLWKLQFUHDVLQJ
VKHDU VWUDLQ JRYHUQHG E\ PDMRU V\QWKHWLF 5VKHDUV 3RVVLEOH VWUXFWXUDO WUDSV
IRU
MM K\GURFDUERQVDUH UHSUHVHQWHG E\ SXVKXS ]RQHV DQG DUHDV RISRVLWLYH YHUWLFDO UHOLHI QHDUWKH LQWHUVHFWLRQ RI DQWLWKHWLF DQG V\QWKHWLF IDXOWV 7KHUH LV JRRG DJUHHPHQW EHWZHHQ RXU PRGHOV DQG QDWXUDO H[DPSOHV RI PDMRU ZUHQFK ]RQHV ZKHUH EORFN URWDWLRQV KDYH EHHQ GRFXPHQWHG E\ SDOHRPDJ QHWLF JHRGHWLF DQG VHLVPLFPHWKRGV HJZHVWHUQ 86$
*XLGR6HKUHXUV 5XHLO0DOPDLVRQ %HUQ
([SHULPHQWV RQ IDXOWLQJ LQ ]RQHV
RI
GLVWULEXWHG VWULNHVOLSVKHDU$QDORJXH PRGHO H[SHULPHQWV ZHUH SHUIRUPHG WR LQYHVWLJDWH IDXOWLQJ LQ ]RQHVRIGLVWULEXWHG VWULNH
-RUJH 6SDQJHQEHUJ =DFKDU\ ' 6KDUS DQG /OXLV )RQWERWp *HQqYH /DXVDQQH
$SSDUHQW FDUERQDQG R[\JHQ LVRWRSH YDULDWLRQV
RI
FDUERQDWH JDQJXHPLQHUDOV\J\ LQWKH
097 =Q3E
6DQ9LQFHQWH GHSRVLW &HQWUDO 3HUX 7KH HIIHFW
RI
RUJDQLFPDWWHUDQGVXOILGHV
H$66(0%/e( $118(//('(/$6603¬9(5%(5&20081,&$7,216 (73267(56
&KDQJHVLQVWDEOHLVRWRSH FRPSRVLWLRQRIKRVW DQG JDQJXH FDUERQDWHV RI 0LVVLVVLSSL 9DOOH\W\SH
097
GHSRVLWV DUHPDLQO\H[SODLQHG DVDQHIIHFWRI
FKDQJHV LQ IOXLG FRPSRVLWLRQ LQFOXGLQJ IOXLG PL[LQJ ZDWHUURFN UDWLRV WHPSHUDWXUH DQG D FRPELQDWLRQRIWKH DERYH DV WKH UHVXOWRIEDVLQDO EULQHPLJUDWLRQ
,Q
WKH FRXUVHRIDJHRFKHPLFDOLQYHVWLJDWLRQ RI WKH JDQJXH FDUERQDWHV RI WKH 6DQ 9LFHQWH097
=Q3
JJ GHSRVLW &HQWUDO 3HUX ZH KDYH REVHUYHGZLWKLQ
VLQJOH KDQG VSHFLPHQV H[WUHPH LVRWRSLF YDULDWLRQV DV ODUJH DV R & DQGR LHRI
WKH VDPHRUGHUDVWKRVH REVHUYHGIRUWKHHQWLUH GHSRVLW *KD]EDQ HW DO PDGH D VLPLODU REVHUYDWLRQDW WKH1DQLVLYLN097
=Q3E GHSRVLWRI
&DQDGDZKHUH ODUJHFDUERQ DQG R[\JH LVRWRSH YDULDWLRQVZHUH PHDVXUHGZLWKLQ DVLQJOH FDUERQDWH JHQHUDWLRQ DW D PLOOLPHWHUVFDOH,W
LV GLIILFXOW WR LPDJLQH WKDW FKDQJHV LQ WKH SK\VLFRFKHPLFDO FRQGLWLRQV FRXOGEHWKHSULPDU\IDFWRUDFFRXQWLQJIRU
VXFKH[WUHP LVRWRSLF YDULDWLRQV7KHVFRSH RIWKH SUHVHQW FRPPXQLFDWLRQ LV WR GUDZ DWWHQWLRQSS WR WKH IDFW WKDW VRPH RIWKH YDULDWLRQV
RI
WKH PHDVXUHG,& DQGDUH DSSDUHQW DQG GXH WR LQWHUIHUHQFHV FDXVHG E\ WKH SUHVHQFHRI
VXOILGHV DQG RUJDQLF PDWWHU LQ WKH DQDO\]HG FDUERQDWHV$
FRPELQHG VRGLXP K\SRFKORULWH 1D2&O DQGVLOYHU SKRVSKDWH $J3Ð\S
\
SUHWUHDW PHQW
&KDUHI
DQG 6KHSSDUG RI WKHFDUERQDWH VDPSOHV JUHDWO\ UHGXFHV WKH LVRWRSLF
YDULDWLRQLQWKH &RUJDQG6ULFKVDPSOHV
7KH LVRWRSLF YDULDWLRQV DW WKH FHQWLPHWHU WR VXEPLOOLPHWHU VFDOH HYDOXDWHG ZLWK D FRPELQDWLRQ D FRQYHQWLRQDO DQG LQVLWXODVHU PHWKRGVDUH
YHU\ VPDOO WR R & DQG WR R OV2 VXJJHVWLQJ XQLIRUP FKHPLFDO DQG SK\VLFR FKHPLFDO FRQGLWLRQV GXULQJ SUHFLSLWDWLRQ RIDJLYHQ
FDUERQDWH JHQHUDWLRQDW OHDVWDWDPLOOLPHWHUWR FHQWLPHWHUVFDOH
7KH SUHWUHDWPHQW IRU RUJDQLF PDWWHU DQG VXOILGHV DOORZV IRU WKH UHFRJQLWLRQ RI RWKHUZLVH XQQRWLFHG VOLJK YDULDWLRQV RI WKH & DQG , YDOXHV LQ FDUERQDWH JDQJXH PLQHUDOV WKDW FDQ EH
UHOHYDQWIRU
VWXG\LQJ SRVVLEOH VXEWLOH LVRWRSH YDULDWLRQV
RI
DVLQJOHFDUERQDWH JHQHUDWLRQ LQ UHODWLRQ WRWKH WH[WXUH ,VRWRSLF YDULDWLRQV DOUHDG\ UHFRJQL]DEOH DW KDQG VSHFLPHQ VFDOH UHIOHFW GLIIHUHQW VWDJHV WRZDUGVDQ LVRWRSLFHTXLOLEULXPSRWHQWLDO HYDOXDWLRQ RI RUHEHDULQJ IOXLG SDWKZD\ DWDQ RUH GLVWULFWVFDOH
2XU\UHVXOWV VXJJHVW WKDW FDUERQ DQG R[\JHQ LVRWRSH UDWLRV RI RWKHU FDUERQDWHKRVWHG RUH
GHSRVLWV VKRXOG EH UHYLHZHG WDNLQJ LQ DFFRXQW WKH VHULRXV GLVWXUELQJ LQIOXHQFHRIWKH XELTXLWLRXV
DVVRFLDWLRQ RIRUJDQLF PDWWHU DQGVXOILGHV
7KLV VWXG\ LV VXSSRUWHGE\ WKH 6ZLVV 1DWLRQDO)RXQGDWLRQ
*UDQW Q DQG LV D FRQWULEXWLRQ WR ,*&3SURMHFWQ$JHDQG,VRWRSHVRI6RXWK$PHULFDQ
2UHV :H JUDWHIXOO\ DFNQRZOHGJH - +XQ]LNHU 8QLYHUVLW\ RI/DXVDQQH DQG 5 0RULW] 8QLYHUVLW\ RI
*HQHYDIRU WKHLUVXJJHVWLRQVGXULQJ WKLVVWXG\
&KDUHI $ DQG 6KHSSDUG 0) &DUERQ DQG R[\JHQLVRWRSHDQDO\VLVRIFDOFLWH RU GRORPLWHDVVRFLDWHG ZLWK RUJDQLF PDWWHU ,VRWRSH *HRVFLHQFH
*KD]EDQ ) 6FKZDUF] +3 DQG )RUG '&
&DUERQDQGVXOIXU LVRWRSHHYLGHQFHIRU
LQVLWXUHGXFWLRQ RI VXOIDWH 1DQLVLYLNSS
OHDG]LQF GHSRVLW 1RUWKZHVW
7HUULWRULHV %DIILQ,VODQG&DQDGD (FRQ*HRO
5XVVHOO - 6ZHHQH\=ULFK
7KH VLJQLILFDQFH
RI
PLFDDPSKLEROHLOPHQLWH GLRSVLGH NLPEHUOLWHERXUQH PDQWOH [HQROLWKVIRU
OLWKRVSKHULF PHOWLQJDQG PDQWOH PHWDVRPDWLVP 7KH
0$5,'
VXLWH RI XOWUDEDVLF [HQROLWKV IRXQGLQ NLPEHUOLWHVDUHGRPLQDWHGE\SKORJRSLWHW\SLFDOO\ YRO .ULFKWHULWH
YRO DQG GLRSVLGH YRO DQG DUH
WKRXJKW WR GHULYH IURP WKH VXEFRQWLQHQWDO
OLWKRVSKHULFPDQWOH :DWHUV 7KHKLJK SURSRUWLRQ
RI
K\GURXV SKDVHV VXJJHVW FU\VWDOOL]DWLRQ IURP D SDUHQWDO IOXLG RU D IOXLGULFK VLOLFDWH PHOW ([SHULPHQWV ZHUH FRQGXFWHG RQ D QDWXUDO0$5,'
[HQROLWKIURP.LPEHUOH\ $-(SURYLGHG E\ $- (UODQN 7KH REMHFWLYHV ZHUH WR
HVWDEOLVKWKHPHOWLQJ UHODWLRQVDQG WHVWSHWURJHQHWLF PRGHOV 7KH UHVXOWV RI WKLV VWXG\ DUH GHWDLOHG LQ 6ZHHQH\ HW DO DQG VXPPDUL]HG LQ WKH ILJXUH
7KHDGGLWLRQRI! ZW ZDWHUGHSUHVVHGWKH VROLGXV E\ FD & ZKLFK PHDQV WKDW ULVH RI WHPSHUDWXUH & DERYH WKHJHRWKHUP WR WKLV PDQWOH UHJLRQ ZRXOG FUHDWH FRQGLWLRQ IRU WKH PHOWLQJ RI WKLV FRPSRQHQW 7KLV PHOW PD\ WKHQ EH LQFRUSRUDWHG LQ DQ\ FRQWLQHQWDO IORRG\\EDVDOW SDUHQW PDJPDV ZKLFK WUDYHUVH WKLV OLWKRVSKHULF PDQWOH